形容词和副词 第1讲形容词和副词的选用 导学案-2026届高三英语上学期一轮复习专项

高中英语--形容词和副词 形容词用来修饰、说明名词或不定代词，表示人或物的性质、特征和状态。而副词用来修饰动词、形容词、其他副词或整个句子，有时也能修饰名词，表示时间、地点、方式、程度等。何时用形容词、何时用副词是许多同学搞不清楚的地方。一些常见形容词、副词的区别也是高考的一个重点。 第1讲 形容词和副词的选用 第 39 页 共 195 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 考点精讲精练 考点1．形容词＋ly变副词的规则 练习1．写出下列形容词的副词形式 clear extreme strong kind shy exact free late calm polite recent normal usual careful wonderful special beautiful possible probable simple terrible happy angry easy true casual cheerful mental 考点2．根据句子成分选用形容词或副词 可简单归结为：形修名，表补定；副作状，修“副句形动”（可谐音记为“付诸行动”）。 常见的使用形容词的情况：作表语、定语、补语。 ①The girl is beautiful.这个女孩漂亮。 （作表语，用形容词） ② She is a beautiful girl.她是一个漂亮的女孩。 （作定语，用形容词） ③ This will make her more beautiful.这会使她更漂亮。 （作宾语补足语，用形容词） 常见的使用副词的情况：修饰动词、形容词、副词和整 个句子。 ① The man drove carefully.那个人小心地开着车。 （carefully 修饰动词 drove。修饰动词要用副词） ② The man drove extremely carefully. 那个人极其小心地开着车。 （extremely 修饰 carefully。修饰副词要用副词） ③ The extremely careful man drove extremely carefully. 那个极其小心的人极其小心地开着车。 （extremely 修饰形容词 careful。修饰形容词要用副词） ④ Luckily, the extremely careful man drove extremely carefully. 幸运地，那个极其小心的人极其小心地开着车。 （luckily 是指后面遇到这个事幸运，修饰后面句子。修饰句子要用副词） 注意：下面的副词可以看作是修饰系动词be。 He is probably at home.他很有可能在家里。 （联系：He is not careful. He is often late for school.not，often 都是副词） 练习2．用括号内词的适当的形容词或副词形式填空，并说明为什么用这种形式 1. This math problem is and I can work it out (easy) 2. There was a wind last night, and it blew (strong) 3. The boys have a time. They're playing (happy) 4. The girl sings very _ .(beautiful) 5. “I've missed it," Robert said .(angry) 6． （surprising），he returned safe and sound（安然无恙地）the next morning. 7. (hope),he can get on well with all his classmates in the new school. 8. ,he didn't fail in the exam.(luck) 9. He was ill and I was sorry for that.(terrible) 10. It was (extreme) cold that day and the meeting was (especial)important. 11.He is an singer and he sings well.(incredible) 12. It's (exact) what I have wanted. 13. It's (simple) a matter of time. 练习3．选择括号内的形容词或副词填空 The hikers were walking (1.slow/slowly) up the mountain path. Suddenly, they saw a large creature above them.It looked very (2. strange/strangely), with a large head and thick black hair． The creature screamed（尖叫）（3．loud／loudly）．It sounded (4. horrible/horribly), like the scream of a mad person. Then the creature ran (5. quick/ quickly) behind a rock. When the hikers got there, they saw big footprints in the snow and some black hair on the rocks. The hair was dirty and smelled (6. terrible/terribly). The hikers(7.careful /carefully) took photos. From that moment they started to feel (8. anxious/anxiously) and they slept (9.bad/badly) that night. When they got back home，they developed（冲洗）the photos. There was nothing there,only snow and rocks! 练习4．单项选择 1．These oranges taste A.good B.well C.to be good D.to be well 2．Some experts think that language learning is much for children as their tongues are more flexible. 第 1 页 共 195 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 A.easy B.easier C.easily D.more easily 3．-What a nice fire you have in your fireplace! -During the winter I like my house A.warmly and comfortably B.warm and comfortable C.warm and comfortably D.warmly and comfortable 4．【2021天津】As working from home becomes common，people are finding it easier to combine parenthood with a full-time career. A.increasingly B.equally C.nervously D.confusingly 5.-What do you think of the plan? -I feel that we ought to give it up at once. A.strong B.stronger C.strongly D.it strong 6．He speaks English well indeed，but of course not a native speaker. A.as fluent as B.more fluent than C.so fluently as D.much fluently than 7．Although she did not know Boston well，she made her way to the Home Circle Building. A.easy enough B.enough easy C.easily enough D.enough easily 8．Nowadays the roles of husband and wife are not as defined as before,especially when both partners work and earn money for the family. A.clear B.clearer C.clearly D.more clearly 9．Although the country has had political independence for over a century, it needs the support of its neighbors. A.naturally B.economically C.especially D.luckily 10. ,the thief didn't take anything valuable but my notebook. A.Strange it is B.To be strange C.Strangely enough D.It was strange 考点3．形容词作状语，但表示主语的性质或所处的状态 形容词（短语）作状语具有双重特点，既说明其逻辑主语的性质或状态，又对句子谓语所表示的动作或状态产生影响，可以表示伴随、原因、时间、条件等。 The old hostess stood surprised for a moment when she saw a beggar appear before her suddenly. 当老女主人看到一个乞丐突然出现在她面前，她站了一会儿，非常惊讶。（surprised表示站在那里时主语所处的状态） Unable to afford the time,I had to give up the plan. 由于抽不出时间，我不得不放弃这个计划。（表原因） Angry at the girl overs sleeping, Mr Green went down to wake her up.（表原因） 因为她睡过了头惹恼了他，格林先生下去叫醒她。 Ripe,these apples are very sweet. 这些苹果成熟时是很甜的。（表时间） Intelligent and beautiful, she is admired by all her classmates.既聪明又漂亮，她被她所有同学羡慕。（intelligent and beautiful表明主语的性质，在这里作原因状语） 练习5．单项选择 1．The judges gave no hint of what they thought,so I left the room really A.to be worried B.to worry C.having worried D.worried 2．After the long journey， the three of them went back home, A.hungry and tiredly B.hungry and tired C.hungrily and tiredly D.hungrily and tired 3． and short of breath，Andy and Ruby were the first to reach the top of Mount Tai. A.To be tried B.Tired C.Tiring D.Being tired 考点4．下列几组词，词尾有无-ly都可作副词 一些词有原形和以-ly 结尾两种副词形式。大多数情况下，不以-ly结尾表“具体”，以-ly结尾表“抽象”。 A. close与closely close意思是“近”；closely 意思是“仔细地；密切地”。 He is sitting close to me. Watch him closely.密切关注他。 B.late 与lately late 意思是“晚”；lately意思是“最近”。 What have you been doing lately? C.deep与deeply deep 意思是“深”，表示空间深度；deeply时常表示感情上的深度，意思是“深深地”。 He pushed the stick deep into the mud. Even Dad was deeply moved by the film. D.high与highly high表示空间高度；highly表示程度，相当于much。 The plane was flying high. I think highly of your opinion. E.wide与widely wide 表示空间宽度；widely 意思是“广泛地；范围广地”。 He opened the door wide. English is widely used in the world. F. free与freely free的意思是“免费的”；freely 的意思是“无限制地”。 You can eat free in my restaurant whenever you like. You may speak freely;say what you like. 练习6．单项选择 1．It was raining heavily． Little Mary felt cold，so she stood to her mother. A.close B.closely C.closed D.closing 2. Hold the book please, for I can't see the words in it clearly. A.more closer B.more closely C.closely D.closer 3. Although he was disabled when he was only ten years of age,yet he aimed ,for which his classmates spoke of him. A.high;high B.highly;highly C.highly;high D.high;highly 第 40 页 共 219 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 考点5．以-ly结尾的未必都是副词 下列单词以-ly结尾，但这些单词是形容词而非副词： lively 生动活泼的 lonely 孤独的；偏僻的 lovely可爱的 deadly致命的 friendly 友好的 ugly 丑陋的 silly 愚蠢的 likely可能的 brotherly 兄弟般的 timely及时的 orderly 有序的 综合应用能力提升 I.单句改错 1．So really friendship should be able to stand all sorts of tests. 2．【2017新课标I】It was a relief and I came to a suddenly stop just in the middle of the road. 3．The teachers here are kind and helpfully. 4．【2015课标I】Lots of studies have shown that global warming has already become a very seriously problem. 5．I found the test difficulty，but I tried hard to do it. 6．I headed for the company，feeling sure I would easy finish 300 envelops in five hours and eamn the money. 7. They're strong against me. 8.Setting off very early，we went along an extreme narrow road,all in high spirits. 9.She was usual patient with her students and never made them disappointed. 10．Interesting，it had a connection with the British porcelain（瓷器）industry. 11. Peter was so pleased with my arrangement that he invited me to a new-built western restaurant to have a big meal. 12．The food in one area can be easy told from that in another. 13．Mom said，＂How nice to see you again！Dad and I were terrible worried." 14．Instead，he hopes that his business will grow steady. 15.He was sitting in a corner,silently. 16. The rest,however,think bad of it. 17. Your prompt and favorable reply would be high appreciated. 18. I am deep moved by what she has done for me. 19. That is too much for us, considering how closely the houses stand. 20. Human rights groups have been close watching the case. II.语法填空 21.I (true) believe that travelling is one of the best things that you can do for yourself. 22．But such a small thing couldn＇t (possible ) destroy a village. 23．【2020全国III】As the small boat moved （gentle）along the river he was left speechless by the mountains being silently reflected in the water. 24．【2023浙江1月】The term“hutong”， （original）meaning "water well" in Mongolian,appeared first during the Yuan Dynasty. 25．When we were wondering what to do，the manager came out. She was (surprise)helpful. 26．Steam engines were used to pull the carriages and it must have been (fair) unpleasant for the passengers, with all the smoke and noise. 27．The boy looked at his father （hope）because he thought his father had brought him a present. 28．【2023新课标II】So，what are they learning？ (basic),how to describe a panda's life. 29．【2019浙江】When the children are walking or cycling to school on dark mornings,car drivers can (easy)see them. 30．You＇ll（gradual）get better at it-it's just a question of practice. 31．China Daily is （wide）read in North America. 32．It helps people work （close）and smoothly and think about others, not just themselves. 33．I have been （deep）impressed by a number of experiences in her life. 34. All those who work with me spoke (high) of my new dress just because they intended to be polite and didn't want to hurt me. 35. Confucius regarded the “Drum Dance” (high). 36．I don＇t want to get too absorbed in modeling.It is (certain) fun but the lifestyle is a little unreal. 37．I suggest that we have （regulate）meetings. 38.The hutongs they formed were orderly，lined by (space)homes and walled gardens. 39．As＿ （nature）architects，the Pueblo Indians figured out exactly how thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most days. 40．You will be better accepted if you can speak more (nature) in public. 41．【2019浙江】School uniforms are＿ （tradition）in Britain, but some schools are starting to get rid of them. 42． （lucky），he also had a cow which produced milk every day. 43．【2021新高考I卷】It will (undoubted)help you get refreshed! 44．The title will be （official）given to me at a ceremony in London. 45. I stood at the school gate, (depress). 46. More than half of those (age)18-24 turned out to vote. III.写作技能提升 47．那天我病得很厉害，不幸的是，爸爸也不在家。(seriously,ill,unfortunately) 48．他又惊又怕，不知道该怎么办。（frightened，surprised，at a loss,what to do) 第 41 页 共 219 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 49．终于，我们到家了，又累又饿。（hungry，tired） 50．在日常生活中，我们应该使用环境友好的产品。(environmentally-friendly) 51．英语是世界上使用最广泛的语言。（widely used） 52．我们班主任对我所做的大加赞扬。（speak highly of） IV.长难句翻译 53. Less tiring than painting your walls and less expensive than buying a colorful sofa, small color choices bring with them the significant benefit of being easily changeable.（2018全国I卷七选五） 第 42 页 共 219 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 参考答案 第1讲 形容词和副词的选用 考点精讲精练 练习1 . clearly shyly calmly usually beautifully terribly truly extremely exactly politely carefully possibly happily casually strongly freely recently wonderfully probably angrily cheerfully kindly lately normally specially simply easily mentally 练习2 . 1.easy;easily。前面作表语用形容词，后面修饰动词词组 work out, 用副词。 2. strong;strongly。 前面作定语用形容词，后面修饰动词 blew, 用副词。 3. happy;happily 。 前面作time 的定语用形容词，后面修饰 动词play, 用副词。 4.beautiful;beautifully 。 前面作girl 的定语用形容词，后面 修饰动词 sings, 用副词。 5.angrily。修饰动词said用副词。 6. Surprisingly。修饰整个句子，指他安然无恙地到家这个 事令人吃惊。 7.Hopefully。修饰整个句子，指“但愿，希望，可能这样”。 8.Luckily。修饰整个句子，指他通过这次考试很幸运。 9.terribly;terribly 。 修饰形容词ill 和 sorry 用副词。 10.extremely;especially 。 修饰形容词 cold 和 important 用副 词。 11.incredible;incredibly 。 前面作定语用形容词，后面修饰 副 词well用副词。 12.exactly。修饰系动词 is。 13. simply 。 修饰系动词 is。 练习3 . 1.slowly 2.strange 3.loudly 4.horrible 5.quickly 6.terrible 7.carefully 8.anxious 9.badly 练习4 . 1.A.taste 连系动词，“尝起来”,后加形容词。故选 A 。 well 一般是副词，只有在指身体健康状况好时才是形容 词。 2.B 。 系动词后要跟形容词作表语。much 可用来修饰比较 级，故选B. “一些专家认为语言学习对于孩子来说更加 容易，因为他们的舌头更加灵活。”flexible“可变的， 灵活的”。 3. B. warm and comfortable 在此作my house的补语，故 选B. 4.A 。 修饰形容词用副词。increasingly easier“越来越容易”。 5.C.feel 在此为实义动词，后面跟宾语从句。副词 strongly 修饰feel 。“我强烈地感觉到……"”,故选C。 6.C 。 “他英语说得的确好，当然不像以英语为母语的那样 流利。”but 引导并列句，后面省略了相同部分。完整的说 法是：…but he doesn't speak English so fluently as a native speaker. 这里副词 fluently 是修饰动词 speak 。 故选 C。 7.C 。 “尽管她对波士顿不太熟悉，可是她还是很容易地设 法到达到了 Home Circle Building 。”make one's way to/towards “设法到达”。这里 easily 修饰动词make, 所 以用副词。enough, 程度副词，修饰形容词、副词经常 后置。故选C。 8.C 。 “如今丈夫和妻子的角色不像以前那样被明确地界 定，尤其当双方都工作并共同养家时。 ”clearly 修饰define (给……下定义；阐明)。 role “角色”。partner “伴侣； 同伴”。 9. B 。“尽管该国家已经取得政治独立超过一个世纪，然而 经济上它却需要邻国的资助。”economically, 副词修饰 后面整句话。 10.C. “非常奇怪的是，除了我的笔记本，小偷没有拿走任 何昂贵的东西。”修饰整句话需要用副词 strangely。 enough 作形容词修饰名词时可放在名词前也可放在名 词后，作副词时只能放在所修饰词的后面。 练习5. 1.D.hint “暗示；征兆”。“法官没有给出他们的想法的 暗示，所以我非常担心地离开了那个房间。”worried 是 形容词作状语，表示离开时主语所处的状态。 2.B 。 “在经过这次长途旅行之后，这三个人回到家里，又 累又饿。”hungry and tired, 形容词作状语，表示主语 the three ofthem 回到家时所处的状态。 3.B 。“又累又上气不接下气，Andy 和Ruby 是第一批到达 泰山山顶的。”tired and short of breath 是形容词作状语， 表示他们到达山顶时的状态。 练习6 . 1.A.close 指具体的距离近。根据句意，此处不强调抽象 概念。故选A。 2.D.close 指具体的距离近。根据句意，此处不强调抽象 概念。close 比较级 closer,故 选D。more closer是错误 的 ，more 是构成比较级，不能修饰比较级。 3.D.aimed high 指目标高远，强调高度； speak highly of “对……高度评价”,highly 此处表示程度。故选 D。 Y 综合应用能力提升 1. really 改为real 。修饰名词用形容词。 2. suddenly 改为 sudden 。 修饰名词要用形容词。“我突然 停下来。”relief“轻松；宽慰”。 3. helpfully 改为helpful. 作表语用形容词。 4.seriously 改为serious 。 修饰名词用形容词。 5. difficulty 改为difficult 。 作补语应用形容词。 6. easy 改为easily 。 修饰动词应用副词。 7. strong 改 为strongly。strongly against me“强烈反对我”。 8. extreme 改 为extremely 。 修饰形容词用副词。 9. usual 改 为usually/unusually 。修饰形容词用副词。 10.Interesting 改为Interestingl y。修饰句子用副词。 11.new-built 改为newly-built 。 修饰动词 built 要用副词。 12.easy 改 为easily 。 修饰动词用副词。 13.terrible 改为 terribly 。修饰形容词用副词。 14.steady 改 为steadily 。 是“稳定地增长”而不是“变得稳 定”。 15.silently 改 为silent 。形容词作状语，表示主语所处状态。 16.bad 改为 badly 。 think badly of “评价不高”,应用副词 badly。 17.high 改 为highly。“你快速有利的回答将受到高度赞赏。” high也可以用作副词，但常修饰一些具体直观的内容； highly用作副词时可以修饰一些抽象内容。 18. deep 改为 deeply 。“我被她为我所做的深深感动。”表“抽 象”,用副词。 19.closely 改 为close 。两座房子距离近，属于具体内容，用 close。 20.close 改 为 closely 。watch closely密切关注。 21.truly。“元音+e”结尾变副词时要去-e 然后加-ly。 22.possibly。以-le结尾的去-e 加-y。 23. gently 。gentle 这里修饰动词moved, 所以要用其副词形 式 gently 。 切 记 ，gentle 变副词时，要去-e 加-y。 24.originally。修饰动词用副词。 25.surprisingly。修饰形容词用副词。 26.fairly 。 修饰形容词要用副词。 fairly “相当地”。 27.hopefully。修饰动词用副词。 28. Basically 。 意为“基本上”。修饰动词用副词。 29.easily。修饰动词用副词。 30. graduall y。修饰动词用副词。 31. widely。修饰动词用副词。 32.closely。修饰动词用副词。 33. deeply。修饰动词用副词。 34. highly。speak highly of“高度赞扬”。 35. highly。句 意：孔子推崇“鼓舞”。 36. certainly 。 fun 是名词，但certainly 是修饰动词 is 的。 再如：“It is really a good book.” 上句意为：这真是本好 书。我不想太投入在当模特上。be absorbed in“沉浸在”。 下句意为：这当然很有趣，但这种生活方式有点不真实。 37. regular。修饰名词用形容词。 38. spacious 。“宽敞的”。修饰名词用形容词。 39.natural 。修饰名词用形容词。 40.naturally。修饰动词用副词。 41.traditional。作表语要用其形容词形式。 42.Luckily。修饰句子用副词。 43.undoubtedly 。 修饰动词要用形容词的副词形式。 44.officially 。 “正式地”。修饰动词用副词。 45.depressed . 形容词作状语表示主语所处的状态。 46.aged。形容词短语作后置定语。“年龄在18到24岁的那 些人中有超过一半都参与投票了。” 47.I was seriously ill that day,and unfortunately,Dad wasn't at home. 48.Frightened and surprised,he was at a loss what to do. 49.At last,we arrived home,hungry and tired. 50.In everyday life,we should use environmentally-friendly products. 51.English is the most widely used language in the world. 52.Our head teacher spoke highly of what I had done. 53. 比粉刷墙壁更省力，比买彩色沙发更省钱，小颜色的选 择带来了易于更换的显著好处。(less tiring.sofa 是形容 词短语作原因状语。 the significant benefit of being easily changeable 作 bring 的宾语，属于宾语后置。) $