精品解析：上海市上海市杨浦区复旦大学附属中学2025-2026学年高三上学期开学英语试题

2026届高三辅导练习（3） Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word, for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Drinking coffee may help protect against Parkinson’s We know that what we eat and drink has a significant impact on our health, and a new study has found another connection between drinking coffee and a reduced risk of developing Parkinson’s disease. Looking at data collected on 184,024 individuals, ____1____ an average of 13 years, the international team of researchers behind the study found that coffee consumers had a lower risk of getting Parkinson’s than ____2____not drinking coffee at all. “This study demonstrated an inverse association of caffeinated coffee consumption with the risk of Parkinson’s disease in one of the largest longitudinal cohorts worldwide with more than 20 years of follow-up,” with the researchers in their published paper. This isn’t the first study____3____ (find) a link between coffee and Parkinson’s, but it goes further than previous research in the way it looks at biomarkers of caffeine intake years ahead of Parkinson’s disease ____4____ (diagnosed). The top 25 percent of coffee drinkers were found to be 40 percent less likely to develop Parkinson’s, compared to non-drinkers. ____5____ the association still persisted when factors such as smoking and drinking were accounted for, it’s still not enough to prove direct cause and effect. However, there does seem to be something about caffeine and its ingredients ____6____ is protecting people’s brains. Based on previous research, it’s thought that the way caffeine keeps dopamine flowing in the brain____7____ be the reason for these effects. In this work, we have shown how these effects, Parkinson’s in the brain is characterized by a reduction in dopamine, due to a loss of nerve cells in which cells are subsumed into: Considering the way that caffeine hits our neurons, it’s perhaps not surprising that there ____8____(appear) to be a relationship with neurodegenerative diseases. However, as we’re still not sure how exactly Parkinson’s gets started in the brain, it’s difficult to be sure. The important work of figuring out what triggers Parkinson’s, what might affect our risk of getting the disease, and ____9____ the approach is, goes on. Coffee is the most widely-consumed psychoactive beverage in the world. Unraveling the biological mechanism of caffeine on Parkinson’s disease not only carries important public health implications but also enhances our understanding of Parkinson’s disease etiology, ____10____ (foster) potential prevention strategies. 【答案】1. across##over 2. those 3. to find 4. being diagnosed 5. While##Although##Though 6. that 7. may##might 8. appears 9. what 10. fostering 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章围绕“喝咖啡可能有助于预防帕金森病”展开，介绍了相关研究情况，还探讨了咖啡因与帕金森病风险的关系及背后可能的机制等。 【1题详解】 考查介词。句意：研究人员对184024名个体的数据进行了平均13年的观察，发现喝咖啡的人比完全不喝咖啡的人患帕金森病的风险更低。空后是名词结构，此空应填介词。在整整13年的时间里，数据收集是持续进行的，跨越了整个时间段，强调时间的延续和过程，应用介词across/over。故填across/over。 【2题详解】 考查代词。句意：研究人员对184024名个体的数据进行了平均13年的观察，发现喝咖啡的人比完全不喝咖啡的人患帕金森病的风险更低。根据空前的coffee consumers和than可知，此空指代“那些完全不喝咖啡的人”，为同类异物特指，应用代词those。故填those。 【3题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：这并不是第一项发现咖啡和帕金森病之间存在联系的研究，但它比以往的研究更进一步，因为它在帕金森病确诊前数年就观察了咖啡因摄入的生物标志物。“the first+名词+to do sth.”是固定用法，意为“第一个做某事的……”，此处用动词不定式作后置定语。故填to find。 【4题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：这并不是第一项发现咖啡和帕金森病之间存在联系的研究，但它比以往的研究更进一步，因为它在帕金森病确诊前数年就观察了咖啡因摄入的生物标志物。“Parkinson's disease... ”作介词of的宾语，介词后可跟动名词形式doing作宾语。Parkinson’s disease与diagnose是动宾关系，因此doing变being done。故填being diagnosed。 【5题详解】 考查连词。句意：尽管在考虑了吸烟和饮酒等因素后，这种关联仍然存在，但这仍然不足以证明直接的因果关系。根据“the association still persisted..., not enough to prove... (关联仍然存在，不足以证明)”可知，此处表示 让步关系“虽然，尽管”，应用连词while/ although/ though，句首字母大写。故填While/ Although/ Though。 【6题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：似乎咖啡因及其成分在保护人们的大脑方面有某种作用。空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词something，此空作从句主语，应用关系代词that。故填that。 【7题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：根据以往研究，研究人员认为，咖啡因维持大脑内多巴胺正常分泌的作用，或许正是产生这些效果的原因。空后为be动词原形，结合句意此处表示“可能，或许”，是一种不太肯定的推测，语气较弱，用情态动词may/might符合题意。故填may/might。 【8题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：考虑到咖啡因对我们神经元的作用方式，它似乎与神经退行性疾病存在关联也就不足为奇了。“there appears to be...”是固定句型，意为“似乎有……”。本段时态为一般现在时，描述客观现象。从句主语是a relationship，从句谓语应是appears。故填appears。 【9题详解】 考查连接代词。句意：弄清楚是什么引发了帕金森病、什么可能影响我们患这种疾病的风险以及方法是什么等重要工作仍在继续。此处是多个宾语从句并列，作figuring out的宾语，此空是表语，意为 “什么”，应用连接代词what。故填what。 【10题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：揭示咖啡因对帕金森病的生物学机制不仅具有重要的公共卫生意义，而且能增进我们对帕金森病病理的理解，促进潜在的预防策略。此处作结果状语，应用现在分词fostering。故填fostering。 Section B Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is no word more than you need. A. clocked B. flexibility C. operational D.stress-related E. subsequently F. productivity G.scale H.punishingly I.granted J.telescope K. excessive A growing number of smaller companies are adopting a four-day workweek. Now the results of a recent trial at Microsoft (MSFT) suggest it could work even for major corporations. The company initiated a program this summer in Japan called the “Week Life Choice Challenge”, which shut down its offices every Friday in August and ____11____ all employees an additional day off each week. The results were striking: While the amount of time spent at work was cut substantially ____12____ measured by sales per employee went up by nearly 40% compared to the same period the previous year, the company stated in a release last week. In addition to curtailing working hours, managers urged staff to cut down on the time they spent in meeting and responding to emails. They recommended that meetings should last to longer than 30 minutes. Employees were also encouraged to ____13____ number of meetings by using an online messaging app (Microoffs, of course). The effects were widespread. More than 90% of Microoffs 2,200 employees in Japan ____14____ said they were impacted by the new measures, according to the company. A report reported the benefits of the new measures, according to the firm. By shutting down earlier stock, the company was also able to achieve significant savings in ____15____ costs, such as electricity. The initiative is timely. Japan has long struggled with a grim — and in some cases fatal — culture of overwork. The problem is so severe that the country has even cooled a term for it — kazouhi, meaning death by overwork resulting from ____16____ illnesses or severe depression. The issue attracted international attention in 2015, when an employee at Japanese advertising giant Detsun committed suicide on Christmas Day. Tokyo authorities later concluded that she had been subjected to excessive overtime. Two years later, a journalist at a Japanese broadcasting network died after working ____17____ hours. Her employer disclosed that she had ____18____ in 159 hours of overtime on month preceding her death. That has prompted businesses to seek solutions. Some companies have begun offering employees greater ____19____ in the government has launched a campaign titled “Premium Friday,” which advocates for early departure every last Friday of the month. Microsoft, for its part, has announced its intention to execute another large-scale collaboration in Japan late this year to tackle employees with devising innovative strategies to enhance work-life balance and operational efficiency. Furthermore, it also hopes to ____20____ to be initiatives impacted by involving other enterprises. 【答案】11. I 12. F 13. J 14. E 15. C 16. D 17. K 18. A 19. B 20. G 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文介绍微软在日本推行“工作生活选择挑战”项目，让员工一周工作四天，结果人均销售额大增且节省运营成本，还讨论了日本过度工作文化及应对措施。 【11题详解】 考查动词。句意：今年夏天，该公司在日本启动了一项名为“工作生活选择挑战”的计划，8月份每周五关闭办公室，给予所有员工每周额外一天的假期。空格处与shut down并列作谓语，结合句意，选项I. granted表示“给予”，符合句意，此处用过去式与shut (过去式) 保持一致。故选I项。 【12题详解】 考查名词。句意：公司在上周的一份新闻稿中表示，虽然工作时间大幅减少，但以人均销售额衡量的生产力却比去年同期增长了近40%。空格处为句子的主语，应用名词，选项F. productivity为名词，表示“生产力” ，符合句意。故选F项。 【13题详解】 考查动词。句意：员工也被鼓励使用在线通讯应用程序（当然是Microofs）来减少会议次数。空格处应填入动词原形，与前面的to构成不定式作宾语补足语；选项J. telescope为动词原形，意为“压缩，缩短”符合句意。故选J项。 【14题详解】 考查副词。句意：据该公司称，微软在日本的2200名员工中，超过90%的人随后反馈了新措施带来的好处。分析句子可知，空格处需用副词修饰动词said，作状语；选项E. subsequently为副词，意为 “随后”，符合文意。故选E项。 【15题详解】 考查形容词。句意：通过提前关闭办公室，公司还节省了大量运营成本，如电费。分析句子可知，空格处应填入形容词修饰名词costs，作定语。选项C. operational为形容词，表示“运营的”，符合句意。故选C项。 【16题详解】 考查形容词。句意：这个问题非常严重，以至于日本甚至有一个专门的术语 ——“过劳死”，指由与压力相关的疾病或严重抑郁导致的过度工作死亡。空格处应用形容词，修饰名词 illnesses，stress-related，作定语；选项D. stress-related为形容词，意为“与压力相关的”，符合句意。故选D项。 【17题详解】 考查形容词。句意：两年后，日本一家广播公司的一名记者在超长工作时间后去世。分析句子可知，空格处应用形容词，修饰名词hours，作定语；选项K. excessive为形容词，意为“过度的，过多的”，符合句意。故选K项。 【18题详解】 考查动词。句意：她的雇主透露，在她去世前一个月，她的加班时长达到了159小时。空格处为过去完成时had后的过去分词，选项A. clocked为过去分词，有“记录(时间)”之意，clocked in 159 hours表示记录的加班时长，符合句意。故选A项。 【19题详解】 考查名词。句意：一些公司开始为员工提供更大的灵活性，政府也发起了名为“Premium Friday”的活动，倡导每月最后一个周五提前下班。空格处应用名词，作宾语；选项B. flexibility为名词，意为“灵活性”，符合句意。故选B项。 【20题详解】 考查动词。句意：此外，它还希望扩大规模，通过让其他企业参与进来，使这些举措产生更大的影响。根据hope to do sth“希望做某事”可知，空格处应填入动词原形。选项G. scale为动词原形，意为“扩大规模”，符合句意。故选G。 III. Reading Comprehension (45%) Section A (15%) Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are few words or phrases marked, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. Section B (10%) Directions: Read the following four passages. Each passage is followed by several questions. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) There is a locked room in Lego’s corporate museum, in Billund in Denmark, which is called the Vault. It is a large space, filled with shelves that are arranged in chronological order, starting in 1958 and stretching towards the present day. The shelves contain around 10,000 sets of Lego. The Vault is used by the toymaker’s designers as a source of inspiration, but its effect on first-time visitors is what makes the room remarkable. It’s impossible not to seek out sets from your own childhood, not to be drawn back to an earlier version of yourself and, for lots of people, not to well up. Visiting Lego’s Vault is a chance to experience the emotional power of a much-loved brand. Marketing experts have a wide set of taxonomy to describe the ties that bind customers and brands. In a recent review of the literature, Claudio Alvarez, Meredith David and Morris George of Baylor University identify five types of connection that have been the subject of concerted study. The feeling that every marketing manager dreams of eliciting is “brand love”. This goes well beyond a belief in the quality of a firm’s products to include things like emotional attachment, feelings of passion, frequent use, a strong sense of identification and a brand and more. The flip side of brand love is “brand hate”, a reaction that slightly reflects bad experiences with a product, a strong fallback of a brand’s values or simply a rivalry with a loved brand. The three other types of consumer-brand connection identified by Mr Alvarez and his co-authors are “communal relationships”, in which people feel a sense of obligation or concern for a brand (local stores can often fit into this category). “Brand addiction” is often characterized by uncontrollable urges to buy a firm’s products and services and “brand friendliness” is to denote positive feelings that fall somewhere short of love. Some of this taxonomy can find all forces that the idea of gradation of attachment rings true; how people feel about a brand determines their behaviour. Vivek Arwanah of McGill University and his co-authors found that people are more likely to report safety incidents when they believe a brand is well-intentioned than when they do not. The reason? They want to provide feedback that facilitates problem-solving. If managers know what kind of connection a brand is likely to have with its customers, the bridges of a marketing strategy will fall into place. 21. According to the passage, what is the primary purpose of the Lego Vault for the company’s designers? A. To store every set ever made for historical preservation. B. To serve as a source of inspiration for their work. C. To evoke strong emotional responses from visiting tourists. D. To function as a marketing tool to demonstrate the brand’s history. 22. The underlined word “taxonomy” in the second paragraph is closest in meaning to ______. A. strategy B. system C. classification D. authority 23. Which of the following consumer-brand connections is characterized by an irresistible compulsion to spend? A. Brand love. B. Brand hate. C. Brand addiction. D. Communal relationships. 24. Based on the research by Vivek Arwanah, why are customers more likely to report safety issues to a brand they perceive as well-intentioned? A. Because they feel a sense of responsibility and want to solve the problem. B. Because they want to offer constructive feedback that addresses the issue. C. Because they feel a strong emotional attachment and passion for the brand. D. Because they have an uncontrollable urge to facilitate the brand. 【答案】21. B 22. C 23. C 24. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章通过乐高Vault引发的情感效应，探讨了五种消费者与品牌关系类型，并指出这些情感联系如何影响消费者行为和市场策略。 【21题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“The Vault is used by the toymaker’s designers as a source of inspiration (Vault被玩具制造商的设计师用作灵感来源)”可知，乐高Vault主要是作为公司设计师工作的灵感来源。故选B项。 【22题详解】 词句猜测题。根据画线词所在句的下文“In a recent review of the literature, Claudio Alvarez, Meredith David and Morris George of Baylor University identify five types of connection that have been the subject of concerted study. (在贝勒大学近期的一项文献综述中，Claudio Alvarez、Meredith David和Morris George三位学者系统性地归纳了五种经过集中研究的品牌连接类型)”可知，营销专家用taxonomy描述消费者与品牌的连接类型，并具体归纳出五种，因此画线词taxonomy的意思是“分类”，与classification“分类，分级”意思一致。故选C项。 【23题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中““Brand addiction” is often characterized by uncontrollable urges to buy a firm’s products and services (“品牌成瘾”通常表现为对企业产品或服务难以自控的购买冲动)”可知，Brand Addiction“品牌上瘾”的特征是不可抗拒的消费冲动。故选C项。 【24题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段中“Vivek Arwanah of McGill University and his co-authors found that people are more likely to report safety incidents when they believe a brand is well-intentioned than when they do not. The reason? They want to provide feedback that facilitates problem-solving. (麦吉尔大学的Vivek Arwanah及其合作研究者发现，相较于不信任品牌的情况，当消费者认为某品牌出于善意时，他们更倾向于报告安全事故。其深层原因在于，消费者希望通过反馈促进问题的解决)”可知，Vivek Arwanah的研究表明，消费者更可能向他们认为善意的品牌报告安全问题是因为希望提供解决问题的建设性反馈。故选B项。 (B) If you have no difficulty in understanding what native English speakers say in daily life, there is a whole new world of brilliant podcast (播客) series to explore. If you aren’t sure where to start, have a look at these: The Joc Rogan Experience ★★★★★ The Joc Rogan Experience is a great learning device because of its interesting English conversations between Rogan and his guests. At the time of writing there have been over 1,660 episodes with subjects ranging from comedy and science to politics and sports. Rogan is also a famous stand-up comedian, so the show is full of cultural references and idioms. This American Life ★★★★★ This American Life is a great choice for English learners who want an insight into the culture of the USA. It is a mixture of journalism and storytelling, focusing on real-life tales from citizens of all regions of the country. The stories are new and varied. One episode was taped for 24 hours in an all-night restaurant; another interviewed workers on strike. The Writer's Voice ★★★★☆ The New Yorker is a famous American magazine, and every week it prints a new short story. In this podcast, the week's story is read aloud by its writer. The published work covers a wide range of life experiences across the United States and beyond. It's a great way to enjoy some of the best new fiction in the country. Overheard at National Geographic ★★★★★ National Geographic is a much-loved American magazine (and TV channel) famous for incredible stories and photography related to science and the environment. Overheard is about the discussions Nat Geo employees have had while taking breaks. Expect crazy stories from explorers, photographers, and scientists from around the world. 25. In order to fully enjoy these podcasts, you should________. A. have interaction with hosts B. have good English competence C. be interested in being a podcaster D. be familiar with American social life 26. Which podcast gives you more stories behind the scene? A. The Writer's Voice. B. This American Life. C. The Joe Rogan Experience. D. Overheard at National Geographic. 27. What do these podcasts have in common? A. They enjoy great popularity. B. Their stories are set in America. C. They are attached to magazines. D. Their works are updated weekly. 【答案】25. B 26. D 27. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要向在日常生活中理解以英语为母语的人说的话没有困难的人介绍了全新的精彩播客系列。 【25题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第一段第一句“If you have no difficulty in understanding what native English speakers say in daily life, there is a whole new world of brilliant podcast series to explore.(如果你在日常生活中理解以英语为母语的人说的话没有困难，还有一个全新的精彩播客系列等着你去探索)”可知，如果想要完全享受这些播客，首先你要有好的英语能力。故选B项。 【26题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段倒数第二句“Overheard is about the discussions Nat Geo employees have had while taking breaks.(偶然听到的是国家地理员工在休息时的讨论)”可知，Overheard at National Geographic可以让你听到更多的幕后故事。故选D项。 【27题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一个小标题下第二句“At the time of writing there have been over 1,660 episodes with subjects ranging from comedy and science to politics and sports.(到我写这篇文章的时候，已经有1660多集了，主题从喜剧、科学到政治和体育)”和其余三个小标题的第一句“This American Life is a great choice for English learners who want an insight into the culture of the USA.(《美国生活》对于想要深入了解美国文化的英语学习者来说是一个很好的选择)”“The New Yorker is a famous American magazine, and every week it prints a new short story.(《纽约客》是美国著名的杂志，它每周出版一篇新的短篇小说)”“National Geographic is a much-loved American magazine (and TV channel) famous for incredible stories and photography related to science and the environment.(《国家地理》是一本深受喜爱的美国杂志(和电视频道)，以与科学和环境有关的令人难以置信的故事和照片而闻名)”可知，这几个播客的共同点是它们都很受欢迎。故选A项。 (C) Rutkowski is a Polish digital artist who uses classical painting styles to create dreamy fantasy landscapes. He has made illustrations for games such as Dungeon & Dragon and Magic: The Gathering. And he’s become a sudden hit in the new world of text-to-image AI generation. His distinctive style is now one of the most commonly used prompts in the new open-source AI art generator Stable Diffusion, which was launched in the last month. The tool, along with other popular image-generation AI models, allows anyone to create impressive images based on text prompts. For example, type in “Wizard with sword and a glowing orb of magic fire fights a fierce dragon Greg Rutkowski,” and the system will produce something that looks not a million miles away from works in Rutkowski’s style. But these open-source programs are built by scraping images from the Internet, often without permission or proper attribution to the original creators. As a result, they are raising profound and ethically tricky questions about intellectual property. And artists like Rutkowski have had enough. According to the website Lexica, which wrote over 10 million images and prompts generated by Stable Diffusion, Rutkowski’s name has been used as a prompt around 93,000 times. This staggering figure dwarfs the mentions of art giants; for instance, Michelangelo, Pablo Picasso, and Leonardo da Vinci have been each referenced roughly 2,000 times or even less. Rutkowski’s name also features as a prompt thousands of times in the Discord of modern text-to-image generators, idly. Rutkowski was initially taken aback but thought it might be a good way to reach new audiences. Then he tried searching for his name to see if a piece he had worked on had been published. The online search brought back work that had his name attached to it but wasn’t late. “It’s been just a month. What about a year? I probably won’t be able to find my work out there because the internet will be flooded with AI art.” Rutkowski said. “That’s concerning.” Other artists besides Rutkowski have been surprised by the apparent popularity of their work in text-to-image generators, and some are now fighting back. Mark Ortiz, an illustrator based in San Francisco who found her work in Stable Diffusion’s data set, has been raising awareness about the issues around AI art and copyright. Artists say they risk losing income as people smart things AI-generated images based on copyrighted material for commercial purposes. “But it’s also a lot more personal,” Ortiz says, arguing that because it is so closely linked to a person, it could raise data protection and privacy problems. Ortiz reveals that a coalition is forming across the artistic community to explore strategies to address or mitigate the issue. This collective, though still in the early stages of mobilization, is considering advocating for new policies and regulations. Among the proposed solutions, she suggests that AI companies could partner with museums and artists to train models exclusively on images from the public domain or those used with explicit consent. 28. What can be learned about Rutkowski from the first two paragraphs? A. He is enthusiastic about being using AI models. B. He is popular with users of an AI art generator. C. He attracts admiration from other illustrators. D. He specializes in classical painting digitalization. 29. What can be inferred from the phrase “have had enough” in paragraph 3? A. Artists like Rutkowski are satisfied with the popularity of AI art. B. Artists like Rutkowski are lacking in inspiration for new artworks. C. Artists like Rutkowski are too longer willing to tolerate the situation. D. Artists like Rutkowski are interested in learning about AI technology. 30. How does Rutkowski feel about the use of his name in AI image generation at first? A. Confused but motivated. B. Surprised but hopeful. C. Interested but detached. D. Thrilled but concerned. 31. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage? A. When Art Meets AI: Is Digital Art Real Art? B. When AI Aids Creation: How Do Artists Benefit? C. When AI Initiates Art: Who Protects the Artist? D. When AI Art Goes Viral: Who Defines the Ownership? 【答案】28. B 29. C 30. B 31. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文介绍波兰数字艺术家鲁特科夫斯基在文本生成图像AI领域走红，其风格是AI艺术生成器常用提示词，名字被使用次数远超艺术巨匠；同时指出AI艺术生成器存在未经许可抓取图像、不署名的问题，引发知识产权争议，鲁特科夫斯基等艺术家对此不满，鲁特科夫斯基担忧自身作品被AI艺术淹没，其他艺术家也意识到风险，还形成联盟探索应对策略。 【28题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“And he’s become a sudden hit in the new world of text-to-image AI generation.(并且他在新兴的文本生成图像人工智能领域迅速走红。)”以及第二段中的“His distinctive style is now one of the most commonly used prompts in the new open-source AI art generator Stable Diffusion, which was launched in the last month.(他独特的风格如今是上个月推出的新型开源人工智能艺术生成器Stable Diffusion中最常用的提示词之一。)”可知，鲁特科夫斯基的风格在AI艺术生成器中被广泛用作提示词，说明他受该AI艺术生成器用户的欢迎。故选B项。 【29题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“But these open-source programs are built by scraping images from the Internet, often without permission or proper attribution to the original creators. As a result, they are milling profound and ethically tricky questions about intellectual property. And artists like Rutkowski have had enough.(但这些开源程序是通过从互联网上抓取图像构建的，通常未经原创者许可，也没有对其进行适当署名。因此，它们引发了关于知识产权的深刻且伦理上棘手的问题。而像鲁特科夫斯基这样的艺术家已经受够了。)”可知，“have had enough”表明艺术家们不再愿意容忍AI程序侵犯其知识产权的现状。故选C项。 【30题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段中的“Rutkowski was initially taken aback but thought it might be a good way to reach new audiences.(鲁特科夫斯基最初感到惊讶，但认为这可能是接触新受众的好方法。)”可知，鲁特科夫斯基最初对自己的名字被用于AI图像生成感到惊讶，但同时抱有接触新受众的希望。故选B项。 【31题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第三段提及的AI艺术引发知识产权问题、第七段提到艺术家担心收入损失与隐私问题、第八段艺术家联盟寻求解决办法可知，文章核心围绕AI艺术生成对艺术家权益的影响，以及艺术家如何应对，探讨“AI开启艺术创作时，谁来保护艺术家”这一核心问题，因此“当AI开启艺术创作：谁来保护艺术家？”最适合作为文章标题。故选C项。 Section C Directions: Read the following postage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you used. When Katherine Goldstein, a researcher and mother of three in Durham, N.C., was a child in the 1990s, she spent slow summers swimming and riding her bike around the neighborhoods. Her father worked full time and her mother worked part time from home. ____32____ “What of the people I know who are in their 30s and 40s spent July and August at a community pool, and there was not this feeling that every moment had to be planned,” said Ms. Goldstein. Ms. Goldstein also went to camp some years but it seems very different from the intense, early planning that many contemporary families undertake—often starting as early as the fall for the following summer. While summer is still months away, the pressure to organize those months intensifies rapidly. For many parents—particularly those in office jobs—camps represent an ideal and often necessary way to structure summer break. ____33____A small but growing number are beginning to ask: What if my child does nothing? ____34____ There, camp registration resembles a race—one where success depends on setting calendar reminders months in advance. Some of the most sought-after programs, such as those run by the Central Park Zoo (5720 per week) or the American Museum of Natural History (51,300 per week), often fill up within minutes of registration opening. In some wealthy suburbs, the combined cost of multiple camp sessions can rival that of a luxury car. Summer vacation has increasingly become a parenting test. ____35____ Allia Adams, a private school admissions consultant in Manhattan, often advocates for a measure of summer boredom when advising anxious New York parents. “I tell them their child may develop further through self-directed exploration than in a class surrounded by peers,” she says. A. This inevitably leads to the question: is it now a parent’s fundamental responsibility to arrange a productive summer? B. For others, however, the word evokes anxiety, synonymous with high costs and stressful arrangements. C. Should it be a relaxed, open-stocked time, or a three-month opportunity to build skills and enhance a child’s profile? D. Back then, children enjoyed a great deal of unstructured free time. E. This idea may seem unacceptable within competitive parenting cultures, especially in cities like New York. F. This has inevitably intensified the anxiety among parents who cannot afford such opportunities. 【答案】32. D 33. B 34. E 35. F 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇议论文。本文对比过去与现在孩子的夏日生活，提及当下家长为孩子安排夏令营的压力与高成本，也有人建议让孩子拥有自主探索的夏日时光。 【32题详解】 由上文“she spent slow summers swimming and riding her bike around the neighborhoods. Her father worked full time and her mother worked part time from home.(她的夏天过得很悠闲，在街区里游泳、骑自行车。父亲全职工作，母亲在家做兼职。)”和下文“What of the people I know who are in their 30s and 40s spent July and August at a community pool, and there was not this feeling that every moment had to be planned.(我认识的那些三四十岁的人，小时候七八月都在社区泳池度过，没有那种每一刻都要安排好的感觉。)”可知，空格处需总结过去孩子夏天的特点。D项“Back then, children enjoyed a great deal of unstructured free time.(那时，孩子们有大量无计划的自由时间。)”符合语境，“Back then”呼应“in the 1990s”，“unstructured free time”概括前文“slow summers”和下文“every moment had not to be planned”，承上启下。故选D项。 【33题详解】 由上文“For many parents—particularly those in office jobs—camps represent an ideal and often necessary way to structure summer break.(对许多父母来说，尤其是办公室职员，夏令营是安排暑假的理想且必要的方式。)”和下文“A small but growing number are beginning to ask: What if my child does nothing?(一小部分但越来越多的人开始问：如果孩子什么都不做呢？)”可知，空格处需体现转折，说明另一部分父母对夏令营的不同态度。B项“For others, however, the word evokes anxiety, synonymous with high costs and stressful arrangements.(然而，对另一些人来说，这个词（夏令营）会引发焦虑，等同于高昂的费用和紧张的安排。)”符合语境，“however”表转折，“For others”与“For many parents”形成对比，“evokes anxiety”引出下文“质疑孩子是否需参加夏令营”的疑问，逻辑连贯。故选B项。 【34题详解】 由下文“There, camp registration resembles a race—one where success depends on setting calendar reminders months in advance. Some of the most sought-after programs, such as those run by the Central Park Zoo (5720 per week) or the American Museum of Natural History (51,300 per week), often fill up within minutes of registration opening. In some wealthy arbories, the combined cost of multiple camp sessions can rival that of a luxury car.(在那里，营地注册就像一场比赛——成功取决于提前几个月设置日历提醒。一些最受欢迎的项目，如中央公园动物园（每周5720个）或美国自然历史博物馆（每周51300个）运营的项目，通常在注册开放后几分钟内就满了。在一些富裕的社区，多次露营的总成本可以与豪华汽车相媲美。)”可知，“There”提示空格处需明确地点，且内容与“竞争激烈的夏令营环境”相关。E项“This idea may seem unacceptable within competitive parenting cultures, especially in cities like New York.(在竞争激烈的育儿文化中，尤其是在纽约这样的城市，这种想法（孩子什么都不做）可能难以接受。)”符合语境，“cities like New York”即下文“there”所指，“competitive parenting cultures”引出下文“报名像赛跑、费用高昂”的竞争场景，衔接自然。故选E项。 【35题详解】 由上文“In some wealthy arbories, the combined cost of multiple camp sessions can rival that of a luxury car. Summer vacation has increasingly become a parenting test.(在一些富裕社区，多次夏令营的总费用堪比一辆豪车。暑假越来越像对父母的考验。)”可知，前文强调夏令营费用高昂及对父母的压力，空格处需说明这一现象带来的影响。F项“This has inevitably intensified the anxiety among parents who cannot afford such opportunities.(这不可避免地加剧了那些无法承担此类费用的父母的焦虑。)”符合语境，“This”指代“夏令营费用高昂”的情况，“intensified the anxiety”承接前文“parenting test”，“parents who cannot afford such opportunities”补充了受影响的群体，使“暑假成为育儿考验”的表述更具体，逻辑连贯。故选F项。 IV. Summary Writing (10%) 36. 阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。 Bees are important to the production of food we eat. Bees make honey, but they also pollinate (授粉) large areas of crops, such as straw berries, apples and onions. About a third of the food we eat is a result of pollination of the bees. Unfortunately, bees have been disappearing at an alarming rate. In 2010, bee keepers started reporting about something called Colony Collapse Disaster (CCD).The main sign of CCD is the loss of adult honey bees from a hive (蜂巢). In October of 2010, some beekeepers reported that they had lost between 30 and 90 percent of their hives. There were many theories for the disappearance of the bees. But the most convincing one has to do with pesticides and lifestyles of bees today. Nowadays, beekeepers get most of their income not from producing honey but from renting bees to pollinate plants. This means that the life of the typical bee now consists of travelling all around the country to pollinate crops as the seasons change. That means a lot of traveling on trucks, which is very stressful to bees. It is not unusual for up to 30% of the hive to die during transport due to stress. In addition, bees that spend most of their time locked up on trucks are not exposed to what they usually live on. Instead, they live on a sweet liquid from corn, usually polluted with pesticides. The exact reason for the disappearance of bees is not sure, but losing bees is very costly to the economy. The bee pollination services are worth over $8 billion a year. With no bees, pollination will have to be done by hand, which would have effects on the quality of food and increased food priced. We hear a lot about big environmental disasters almost every day. But one of the biggest may just be the less of that tiny flying insect. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Bees, playing a significant part in producing our food, are now suffering a sharp decline in number. (要点1)And reports of the loss started in 2010, for which the most persuasive theory lies in the stressful lifestyle of being transported to pollinate plants and feeding on polluted corns.(要点2) Sadly, the loss of such tiny creatures will be disastrous to our economy. (要点3)(60 words) 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了蜜蜂在人类食物生产中扮演着重要角色，如今其数量却在急剧减少。关于蜜蜂数量减少的报告始于 2010 年，对此最具说服力的理论认为，原因在于蜜蜂为授粉而被迫运输的应激性生活方式，以及以受污染的玉米为食的状况。遗憾的是，这种小昆虫的消失将给我们的经济带来灾难性影响。 【详解】1. 要点摘录 ① Bees are important to the production of food we eat. Bees make honey, but they also pollinate (授粉) large areas of crops, such as straw berries, apples and onions. About a third of the food we eat is a result of pollination of the bees. Unfortunately, bees have been disappearing at an alarming rate. ② In October of 2010, some beekeepers reported that they had lost between 30 and 90 percent of their hives. ③ There were many theories for the disappearance of the bees. But the most convincing one has to do with pesticides and lifestyles of bees today. Nowadays, beekeepers get most of their income not from producing honey but from renting bees to pollinate plants. This means that the life of the typical bee now consists of travelling all around the country to pollinate crops as the seasons change. That means a lot of traveling on trucks, which is very stressful to bees. It is not unusual for up to 30% of the hive to die during transport due to stress. In addition, bees that spend most of their time locked up on trucks are not exposed to what they usually live on. Instead, they live on a sweet liquid from corn, usually polluted with pesticides.. ④ The exact reason for the disappearance of bees is not sure, but losing bees is very costly to the economy. 2. 缜密构思密将第1个要点进行分说、2、3点概括总结、4点分说。 3. 遣词造句 Bees, playing a significant part in producing our food, are now suffering a sharp decline in number. And reports of the loss started in 2010, for which the most persuasive theory lies in the stressful lifestyle of being transported to pollinate plants and feeding on polluted corns. Sadly the loss of such tiny creatures will be disastrous to our economy. 【点睛】[高分句型1]Bees, playing a significant part in producing our food, are now suffering a sharp decline in number.（运用了现在分词作定语） [高分句型2]And reports of the loss started in 2010, for which the most persuasive theory lies in the stressful lifestyle of being transported to pollinate plants and feeding on polluted corns.（运用了介词+关系代词引导的定语从句） V. Translation (15%) Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 37. 这幅图巧妙地刻画了男子作品和表演在舞台上的那种宁静与美好。(capture) (汉译英) ___________________________________________________ 【答案】This picture skillfully captures the serenity and beauty of the man's works and performances on the stage. 【解析】 【详解】考查动词、名词、副词和介词短语。表示“这幅图”用This picture，作句子主语；表示“巧妙地刻画”用副词skillfully修饰所给动词capture，此句描述这幅画的客观情况，用一般现在时；表示“宁静与美好”可用并列名词serenity and beauty做动词captures的宾语；表示“男子作品和表演”短语为the man's works and performances；表示“在舞台上”可用介词短语on the stage。故翻译为This picture skillfully captures the serenity and beauty of the man's works and performances on the stage. 38. 这座古桥历经数百年风雨，不仅连通两岸，便利四方居民，更是小镇历史变迁与时代发展的无声见证者。(serve) (汉译英) ___________________________________________________ 【答案】Having gone through/ weathered centuries of trials/ wind and rain, this ancient bridge not only connects/ serves as a vital link between the two riverbanks, bringing convenience to the surrounding communities, but also serves as a silent witness to/ silently witnesses the town’s historical transformative changes/ great historical changes and the development of times. 【解析】 【详解】考查动词、名词、短语和固定结构。此句陈述客观事实，用一般现在时；“这座古桥”用this ancient bridge作主语，谓语动词用第三人称单数，“不仅……更……”表达为not only... but also...连接并列谓语；“连通两岸”表达为connect the two riverbanks或serve as a vital link between the two riverbanks，connect/serve作谓语，“便利四方居民”表达为bring convenience to the surrounding communities，主语与bring是主动关系，可用现在分词短语作状语；“是……的无声见证者”表达为serve as a silent witness to...或silently witness...，serve/witness作谓语，“小镇历史变迁”表达为名词短语the town’s historical transformative changes或the town’s great historical changes，“时代发展”表达为名词短语the development of times；“历经数百年风雨”表达为go through/ weather centuries of trials/ wind and rain，主语“这座古桥(this ancient bridge)”与动词（短语）go through/ weather是主动关系，强调已历经数百年风雨，可用现在分词的完成式having gone through/ weathered centuries of trials/ wind and rain作状语，故整句翻译为：Having gone through/ weathered centuries of trials/ wind and rain, this ancient bridge not only connects/ serves as a vital link between the two riverbanks, bringing convenience to the surrounding communities, but also serves as a silent witness to/ silently witnesses the town’s historical transformative changes/ great historical changes and the development of times. VI. An additional Closer (15%) Awe is the “Wow!” emotion we get when something is so vast that it stops us in our tracks. Often, it ___39___ or expands our thinking. Awe experiences increase positive emotions and overall satisfaction in life. It can also help our relationships, making us feel more caring and less ___40___, more supported by and more likely to help others. Most of us associate awe with something ___41___ and beautiful: nature, music or a spiritual experience. But people can trigger awe, too. And not just people we think of as public ___42___ first responders or front-line workers — or famous people, such as athletes or astronauts. We can be awed by our nearest and dearest — the people sitting next to us on the couch, chatting on the other end of the phone. Psychologists call this interpersonal awe. Often, this interpersonal awe is a(n) ___43___ to life’s big, sweeping changes: witnessing a baby’s first steps, watching someone take care of a sick loved one, seeing parents cope ___44___ with the challenges of aging. But interpersonal awe happens in smaller moments, too. John Bargh, 66, a psychologist and professor who lives in Guilford, Conn., said he was “truly ___45___” by his then-5-year-old daughter while dining with her in a McDonald’s several years ago. When she heard another child crying across the restaurant, she grabbed the toy from her Happy Meal, walked over to the boy and handed it to him, he says. We can’t make someone else ___46___ in a way that’s awesome. But we can prime ourselves to notice it when they do. Here is how. Start by questioning your ___47___ about people in your life. Do you believe your partner is insensitive or your sibling is selfish? There may be a little ____48____ to that, but it’s never the whole tale. “The story you tell yourself ____49____ catching people at their best,” says Marianna Graziosi, an assistant instructor of positive psychology at the University of Pennsylvania. To increase your chances of feeling awed by the other person, Ms. Graziosi suggests you ask yourself what’s going on in his or her life. Can you come up with ____50____ of how that person is doing something positive? Name awe when you see it. (“Wow, that was awesome!”) This will help you ____51____ it and remember the experience. Savour (充分享受) it in the moment. Tell others about it; this will ____52____ your positive emotions and help others feel good, as well, says Johns Hopkins’ Dr. Yaden. Thank the person who awed you. This makes the other person feel good. And it will help you, too: Studies show that people who ____53____ gratitude have higher levels of happiness and psychological well-being than those who don’t. 39. A. comprehends B. challenges C. comforts D. contracts 40. A. ambitious B. generous C. greedy D. earnest 41. A. rare B. common C. reasonable D. plain 42. A. celebrities B. heroes C. servants D. participants 43. A. commitment B. contribution C. admission D. response 44. A. bitterly B. cooperatively C. hesitantly D. bravely 45. A. awe-stricken B. panic-stricken C. guilt-ridden D. conflict-ridden 46. A. adjust B. pose C. impose D. behave 47. A. expectation B. assumptions C. guidelines D. strategies 48. A. theory B. cause C. truth D. doubt 49. A. takes the form of B. makes room for C. gets in the way of D. gives rise to 50. A. examples B. options C. standards D. proposals 51. A. interpret B. fancy C. exploit D. identify 52. A. illustrate B. reinforce C. regulate D. cultivate 53. A. deserve B. dismiss C. command D. practise 【答案】39. B 40. C 41. A 42. B 43. D 44. D 45. A 46. D 47. B 48. C 49. C 50. A 51. D 52. B 53. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍“敬畏感”的定义、影响，尤其聚焦人际敬畏感，并给出培养人际敬畏感的具体方法。 39题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：通常，它会挑战或拓展我们的思维。A. comprehends理解；B. challenges挑战；C. comforts安慰；D. contracts收缩。根据前文“something is so vast that it stops us in our tracks”及并列词“expands（拓展）”可知，敬畏感会对思维产生积极影响，“挑战”思维与“拓展”思维语义相近，均体现思维的突破，符合语境。故选B项。 【40题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它也有助于我们的人际关系，让我们更有同情心，不那么贪婪，更能感受到他人的支持，也更愿意帮助他人。A. ambitious有野心的；B. generous慷慨的；C. greedy贪婪的；D. earnest认真的。根据上文“more caring”及“more likely to help others”可知，此处应填与积极品质相反的负面形容词，“贪婪的”符合语境，体现敬畏感让人减少自私贪婪的心态。故选C项。 【41题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们大多数人会把敬畏感与稀有且美好的事物联系在一起：自然、音乐或精神体验。A. rare稀有的；B. common常见的；C. reasonable合理的；D. plain普通的。根据后文“nature, music or a spiritual experience”及转折词“But”后的“people can trigger awe, too”可知，人们通常认为引发敬畏感的事物是不常见、“稀有的”，与后文“人（常见）也能引发敬畏”形成对比。故选A项。 【42题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：而且不仅仅是那些我们视为公众英雄的人——急救人员或一线工作者——或者名人，比如运动员或宇航员。A. celebrities名人；B. heroes英雄；C. servants仆人；D. participants参与者。根据下文“first responders or front-line workers”可知，这些人是为公众服务、值得尊敬的“英雄”，符合对这类人群的正面定位。故选B项。 【43题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：通常，这种人际敬畏感是对生活中重大、深远变化的一种回应：见证婴儿迈出第一步，看着某人照顾生病的亲人，看到父母勇敢应对衰老带来的挑战。A. commitment承诺；B. contribution贡献；C. admission承认；D. response回应。后文“见证婴儿学步、照顾病亲、应对衰老”是生活中的重大变化，而人际敬畏感是人们面对这些变化时产生的情感“回应”，“response to”表示“对……的回应”，符合逻辑。故选D项。 【44题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：通常，这种人际敬畏感是对生活中重大、深远变化的一种回应：见证婴儿迈出第一步，看着某人照顾生病的亲人，看到父母勇敢应对衰老带来的挑战。A. bitterly痛苦地；B. cooperatively合作地；C. hesitantly犹豫地；D. bravely勇敢地。根据下文“with the challenges of aging.”可知，“应对衰老挑战”是困难的事，能引发敬畏感的行为应是“勇敢地”面对，体现积极的态度，符合敬畏感的正面情感属性。故选D项。 【45题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：66岁的约翰·巴格是康涅狄格州吉尔福德市的心理学家和教授，他说几年前和当时5岁的女儿在麦当劳吃饭时，他被女儿“真正地震撼到了（产生了敬畏感）”。A. awe-stricken充满敬畏的；B. panic-stricken惊慌失措的；C. guilt-ridden充满愧疚的；D. conflict-ridden充满矛盾的。根据下文“When she heard another child crying across the restaurant, she grabbed the toy from her Happy Meal, walked over to the boy and handed it to him, he says.”可知，此处举例说明人际敬畏感的产生，女儿主动帮助哭泣的孩子，让父亲产生“敬畏感”，“awe-stricken”贴合主题。故选A项。 【46题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们无法让别人做出令人敬畏的行为。A. adjust调整；B. pose摆姿势；C. impose强加；D. behave表现，行动。根据后文“notice it when they do”中的“do”指代前文动作，结合语境指“做出令人敬畏的行为”，“behave”表示“行为、表现”，符合“做出某种行为”的语义。故选D项。 【47题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：首先，质疑你对生活中他人的固有看法。A. expectation期望；B. assumptions假定，看法；C. guidelines指导方针；D. strategies策略。根据后文“Do you believe your partner is insensitive or your sibling is selfish?”可知，这些是对他人的“固有看法”，。故选B项。 【48题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这可能有些许道理，但绝不是全部事实。A. theory理论；B. cause原因；C. truth真相，道理；D. doubt怀疑。前文提到对他人的固有看法，此处指这些看法可能“有一点道理”，但并非全部事实，“truth”表示“合理之处、道理”，符合“承认看法有部分合理性，但不全面”的逻辑。故选C项。 【49题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：宾夕法尼亚大学积极心理学助理讲师玛丽安娜·格拉齐奥西说：“你对自己讲述的故事，会阻碍你看到别人最好的一面。”A. takes the form of以……形式存在；B. makes room for为……腾出空间；C. gets in the way of阻碍；D. gives rise to引发。根据前文“There may be a little...to that, but it’s never the whole tale.”提到固有看法并非全部事实，此处进一步说明这些主观想法会“阻碍”人们看到他人的优点，“gets in the way of”体现负面影响，符合语境。故选C项。 【50题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：你能举出例子说明这个人在做积极的事情吗？A. examples例子；B. options选择；C. standards标准；D. proposals提议。为了看到他人的优点、培养敬畏感，格拉齐奥西建议思考他人的积极行为，“举出例子”是具体的实践方式。故选A项。 【51题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：（“哇，那太令人敬畏了！”）这将帮助你识别它，并记住这段经历。A. interpret解释；B. fancy想象；C. exploit利用；D. identify识别。根据下文“remember the experience.”可知，当看到令人敬畏的行为时，用语言表达出来，能帮助自己“识别”这种敬畏感，明确感受到它的存在，进而记住相关经历，“identify”符合“明确感知、识别”的语义。故选D项。 52题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：约翰·霍普金斯大学的亚登博士说，向别人讲述这件事；这将强化你的积极情绪，也帮助别人感觉良好。A. illustrate说明；B. reinforce强化；C. regulate调节；D. cultivate培养。根据上文“Tell others about it”可知，“向别人讲述敬畏经历”会让自己再次回味积极感受，从而“强化”积极情绪，“reinforce”体现情绪的加深，符合“回味经历带来的影响”这一逻辑。故选B项。 【53题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：研究表明，践行感恩的人比不践行感恩的人更快乐，心理健康状况也更好。A. deserve值得；B. dismiss忽视；C. command掌握；D. practise践行，实践。根据下文“gratitude have higher levels of happiness and psychological well-being”可知，此处说明“践行感恩”的好处，“practise gratitude”表示“践行感恩”，即通过行动表达感恩，符合“感谢他人”的实践行为。故选D项。 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2026届高三辅导练习（3） Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word, for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Drinking coffee may help protect against Parkinson’s We know that what we eat and drink has a significant impact on our health, and a new study has found another connection between drinking coffee and a reduced risk of developing Parkinson’s disease. Looking at data collected on 184,024 individuals, ____1____ an average of 13 years, the international team of researchers behind the study found that coffee consumers had a lower risk of getting Parkinson’s than ____2____not drinking coffee at all. “This study demonstrated an inverse association of caffeinated coffee consumption with the risk of Parkinson’s disease in one of the largest longitudinal cohorts worldwide with more than 20 years of follow-up,” with the researchers in their published paper. This isn’t the first study____3____ (find) a link between coffee and Parkinson’s, but it goes further than previous research in the way it looks at biomarkers of caffeine intake years ahead of Parkinson’s disease ____4____ (diagnosed). The top 25 percent of coffee drinkers were found to be 40 percent less likely to develop Parkinson’s, compared to non-drinkers. ____5____ the association still persisted when factors such as smoking and drinking were accounted for, it’s still not enough to prove direct cause and effect. However, there does seem to be something about caffeine and its ingredients ____6____ is protecting people’s brains. Based on previous research, it’s thought that the way caffeine keeps dopamine flowing in the brain____7____ be the reason for these effects. In this work, we have shown how these effects, Parkinson’s in the brain is characterized by a reduction in dopamine, due to a loss of nerve cells in which cells are subsumed into: Considering the way that caffeine hits our neurons, it’s perhaps not surprising that there ____8____(appear) to be a relationship with neurodegenerative diseases. However, as we’re still not sure how exactly Parkinson’s gets started in the brain, it’s difficult to be sure. The important work of figuring out what triggers Parkinson’s, what might affect our risk of getting the disease, and ____9____ the approach is, goes on. Coffee is the most widely-consumed psychoactive beverage in the world. Unraveling the biological mechanism of caffeine on Parkinson’s disease not only carries important public health implications but also enhances our understanding of Parkinson’s disease etiology, ____10____ (foster) potential prevention strategies. Section B Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is no word more than you need. A. clocked B. flexibility C. operational D.stress-related E. subsequently F. productivity G.scale H.punishingly I.granted J.telescope K. excessive A growing number of smaller companies are adopting a four-day workweek. Now the results of a recent trial at Microsoft (MSFT) suggest it could work even for major corporations. The company initiated a program this summer in Japan called the “Week Life Choice Challenge”, which shut down its offices every Friday in August and ____11____ all employees an additional day off each week. The results were striking: While the amount of time spent at work was cut substantially ____12____ measured by sales per employee went up by nearly 40% compared to the same period the previous year, the company stated in a release last week. In addition to curtailing working hours, managers urged staff to cut down on the time they spent in meeting and responding to emails. They recommended that meetings should last to longer than 30 minutes. Employees were also encouraged to ____13____ number of meetings by using an online messaging app (Microoffs, of course). The effects were widespread. More than 90% of Microoffs 2,200 employees in Japan ____14____ said they were impacted by the new measures, according to the company. A report reported the benefits of the new measures, according to the firm. By shutting down earlier stock, the company was also able to achieve significant savings in ____15____ costs, such as electricity. The initiative is timely. Japan has long struggled with a grim — and in some cases, fatal — culture of overwork. The problem is so severe that the country has even cooled a term for it — kazouhi, meaning death by overwork resulting from ____16____ illnesses or severe depression. The issue attracted international attention in 2015, when an employee at Japanese advertising giant Detsun committed suicide on Christmas Day. Tokyo authorities later concluded that she had been subjected to excessive overtime. Two years later, a journalist at a Japanese broadcasting network died after working ____17____ hours. Her employer disclosed that she had ____18____ in 159 hours of overtime on month preceding her death. That has prompted businesses to seek solutions. Some companies have begun offering employees greater ____19____ in the government has launched a campaign titled “Premium Friday,” which advocates for early departure every last Friday of the month. Microsoft, for its part, has announced its intention to execute another large-scale collaboration in Japan late this year to tackle employees with devising innovative strategies to enhance work-life balance and operational efficiency. Furthermore, it also hopes to ____20____ to be initiatives impacted by involving other enterprises. III. Reading Comprehension (45%) Section A (15%) Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are few words or phrases marked, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. Section B (10%) Directions: Read the following four passages. Each passage is followed by several questions. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) There is a locked room in Lego’s corporate museum, in Billund in Denmark, which is called the Vault. It is a large space, filled with shelves that are arranged in chronological order, starting in 1958 and stretching towards the present day. The shelves contain around 10,000 sets of Lego. The Vault is used by the toymaker’s designers as a source of inspiration, but its effect on first-time visitors is what makes the room remarkable. It’s impossible not to seek out sets from your own childhood, not to be drawn back to an earlier version of yourself and, for lots of people, not to well up. Visiting Lego’s Vault is a chance to experience the emotional power of a much-loved brand. Marketing experts have a wide set of taxonomy to describe the ties that bind customers and brands. In a recent review of the literature, Claudio Alvarez, Meredith David and Morris George of Baylor University identify five types of connection that have been the subject of concerted study. The feeling that every marketing manager dreams of eliciting is “brand love”. This goes well beyond a belief in the quality of a firm’s products to include things like emotional attachment, feelings of passion, frequent use, a strong sense of identification and a brand and more. The flip side of brand love is “brand hate”, a reaction that slightly reflects bad experiences with a product, a strong fallback of a brand’s values or simply a rivalry with a loved brand. The three other types of consumer-brand connection identified by Mr Alvarez and his co-authors are “communal relationships”, in which people feel a sense of obligation or concern for a brand (local stores can often fit into this category). “Brand addiction” is often characterized by uncontrollable urges to buy a firm’s products and services and “brand friendliness” is to denote positive feelings that fall somewhere short of love. Some of this taxonomy can find all forces that the idea of gradation of attachment rings true; how people feel about a brand determines their behaviour. Vivek Arwanah of McGill University and his co-authors found that people are more likely to report safety incidents when they believe a brand is well-intentioned than when they do not. The reason? They want to provide feedback that facilitates problem-solving. If managers know what kind of connection a brand is likely to have with its customers, the bridges of a marketing strategy will fall into place. 21. According to the passage, what is the primary purpose of the Lego Vault for the company’s designers? A. To store every set ever made for historical preservation. B. To serve as a source of inspiration for their work. C. To evoke strong emotional responses from visiting tourists. D. To function as a marketing tool to demonstrate the brand’s history. 22. The underlined word “taxonomy” in the second paragraph is closest in meaning to ______. A. strategy B. system C. classification D. authority 23. Which of the following consumer-brand connections is characterized by an irresistible compulsion to spend? A. Brand love. B. Brand hate. C. Brand addiction. D. Communal relationships. 24. Based on the research by Vivek Arwanah, why are customers more likely to report safety issues to a brand they perceive as well-intentioned? A. Because they feel a sense of responsibility and want to solve the problem. B. Because they want to offer constructive feedback that addresses the issue. C Because they feel a strong emotional attachment and passion for the brand. D. Because they have an uncontrollable urge to facilitate the brand. (B) If you have no difficulty in understanding what native English speakers say in daily life there is a whole new world of brilliant podcast (播客) series to explore. If you aren’t sure where to start, have a look at these: The Joc Rogan Experience ★★★★★ The Joc Rogan Experience is a great learning device because of its interesting English conversations between Rogan and his guests. At the time of writing there have been over 1,660 episodes with subjects ranging from comedy and science to politics and sports. Rogan is also a famous stand-up comedian, so the show is full of cultural references and idioms. This American Life ★★★★★ This American Life is a great choice for English learners who want an insight into the culture of the USA. It is a mixture of journalism and storytelling, focusing on real-life tales from citizens of all regions of the country. The stories are new and varied. One episode was taped for 24 hours in an all-night restaurant; another interviewed workers on strike. The Writer's Voice ★★★★☆ The New Yorker is a famous American magazine, and every week it prints a new short story. In this podcast, the week's story is read aloud by its writer. The published work covers a wide range of life experiences across the United States and beyond. It's a great way to enjoy some of the best new fiction in the country. Overheard at National Geographic ★★★★★ National Geographic is a much-loved American magazine (and TV channel) famous for incredible stories and photography related to science and the environment. Overheard is about the discussions Nat Geo employees have had while taking breaks. Expect crazy stories from explorers, photographers, and scientists from around the world. 25. In order to fully enjoy these podcasts, you should________. A. have interaction with hosts B. have good English competence C. be interested in being a podcaster D. be familiar with American social life 26. Which podcast gives you more stories behind the scene? A. The Writer's Voice. B. This American Life. C. The Joe Rogan Experience. D. Overheard at National Geographic. 27. What do these podcasts have in common? A. They enjoy great popularity. B. Their stories are set in America. C. They are attached to magazines. D. Their works are updated weekly. (C) Rutkowski is a Polish digital artist who uses classical painting styles to create dreamy fantasy landscapes. He has made illustrations for games such as Dungeon & Dragon and Magic: The Gathering. And he’s become a sudden hit in the new world of text-to-image AI generation. His distinctive style is now one of the most commonly used prompts in the new open-source AI art generator Stable Diffusion, which was launched in the last month. The tool, along with other popular image-generation AI models, allows anyone to create impressive images based on text prompts. For example, type in “Wizard with sword and a glowing orb of magic fire fights a fierce dragon Greg Rutkowski,” and the system will produce something that looks not a million miles away from works in Rutkowski’s style. But these open-source programs are built by scraping images from the Internet, often without permission or proper attribution to the original creators. As a result, they are raising profound and ethically tricky questions about intellectual property. And artists like Rutkowski have had enough. According to the website Lexica, which wrote over 10 million images and prompts generated by Stable Diffusion, Rutkowski’s name has been used as a prompt around 93,000 times. This staggering figure dwarfs the mentions of art giants; for instance, Michelangelo, Pablo Picasso, and Leonardo da Vinci have been each referenced roughly 2,000 times or even less. Rutkowski’s name also features as a prompt thousands of times in the Discord of modern text-to-image generators, idly. Rutkowski was initially taken aback but thought it might be a good way to reach new audiences. Then he tried searching for his name to see if a piece he had worked on had been published. The online search brought back work that had his name attached to it but wasn’t late. “It’s been just a month. What about a year? I probably won’t be able to find my work out there because the internet will be flooded with AI art.” Rutkowski said. “That’s concerning.” Other artists besides Rutkowski have been surprised by the apparent popularity of their work in text-to-image generators, and some are now fighting back. Mark Ortiz, an illustrator based in San Francisco who found her work in Stable Diffusion’s data set, has been raising awareness about the issues around AI art and copyright. Artists say they risk losing income as people smart things AI-generated images based on copyrighted material for commercial purposes. “But it’s also a lot more personal,” Ortiz says, arguing that because it is so closely linked to a person, it could raise data protection and privacy problems. Ortiz reveals that a coalition is forming across the artistic community to explore strategies to address or mitigate the issue. This collective, though still in the early stages of mobilization, is considering advocating for new policies and regulations. Among the proposed solutions, she suggests that AI companies could partner with museums and artists to train models exclusively on images from the public domain or those used with explicit consent. 28. What can be learned about Rutkowski from the first two paragraphs? A. He is enthusiastic about being using AI models. B. He is popular with users of an AI art generator. C. He attracts admiration from other illustrators. D He specializes in classical painting digitalization. 29. What can be inferred from the phrase “have had enough” in paragraph 3? A. Artists like Rutkowski are satisfied with the popularity of AI art. B. Artists like Rutkowski are lacking in inspiration for new artworks. C. Artists like Rutkowski are too longer willing to tolerate the situation. D. Artists like Rutkowski are interested in learning about AI technology. 30. How does Rutkowski feel about the use of his name in AI image generation at first? A. Confused but motivated. B. Surprised but hopeful. C. Interested but detached. D. Thrilled but concerned. 31. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage? A When Art Meets AI: Is Digital Art Real Art? B. When AI Aids Creation: How Do Artists Benefit? C. When AI Initiates Art: Who Protects the Artist? D. When AI Art Goes Viral: Who Defines the Ownership? Section C Directions: Read the following postage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you used. When Katherine Goldstein, a researcher and mother of three in Durham, N.C., was a child in the 1990s, she spent slow summers swimming and riding her bike around the neighborhoods. Her father worked full time and her mother worked part time from home. ____32____ “What of the people I know who are in their 30s and 40s spent July and August at a community pool, and there was not this feeling that every moment had to be planned,” said Ms. Goldstein. Ms. Goldstein also went to camp some years, but it seems very different from the intense, early planning that many contemporary families undertake—often starting as early as the fall for the following summer. While summer is still months away, the pressure to organize those months intensifies rapidly. For many parents—particularly those in office jobs—camps represent an ideal and often necessary way to structure summer break. ____33____A small but growing number are beginning to ask: What if my child does nothing? ____34____ There, camp registration resembles a race—one where success depends on setting calendar reminders months in advance. Some of the most sought-after programs, such as those run by the Central Park Zoo (5720 per week) or the American Museum of Natural History (51,300 per week), often fill up within minutes of registration opening. In some wealthy suburbs, the combined cost of multiple camp sessions can rival that of a luxury car. Summer vacation has increasingly become a parenting test. ____35____ Allia Adams, a private school admissions consultant in Manhattan, often advocates for a measure of summer boredom when advising anxious New York parents. “I tell them their child may develop further through self-directed exploration than in a class surrounded by peers,” she says. A. This inevitably leads to the question: is it now a parent’s fundamental responsibility to arrange a productive summer? B. For others, however, the word evokes anxiety, synonymous with high costs and stressful arrangements. C. Should it be a relaxed, open-stocked time, or a three-month opportunity to build skills and enhance a child’s profile? D. Back then, children enjoyed a great deal of unstructured free time. E. This idea may seem unacceptable within competitive parenting cultures, especially in cities like New York. F. This has inevitably intensified the anxiety among parents who cannot afford such opportunities. IV. Summary Writing (10%) 36. 阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。 Bees are important to the production of food we eat. Bees make honey, but they also pollinate (授粉) large areas of crops, such as straw berries, apples and onions. About a third of the food we eat is a result of pollination of the bees. Unfortunately, bees have been disappearing at an alarming rate. In 2010, bee keepers started reporting about something called Colony Collapse Disaster (CCD).The main sign of CCD is the loss of adult honey bees from a hive (蜂巢). In October of 2010, some beekeepers reported that they had lost between 30 and 90 percent of their hives. There were many theories for the disappearance of the bees. But the most convincing one has to do with pesticides and lifestyles of bees today. Nowadays, beekeepers get most of their income not from producing honey but from renting bees to pollinate plants. This means that the life of the typical bee now consists of travelling all around the country to pollinate crops as the seasons change. That means a lot of traveling on trucks, which is very stressful to bees. It is not unusual for up to 30% of the hive to die during transport due to stress. In addition, bees that spend most of their time locked up on trucks are not exposed to what they usually live on. Instead, they live on a sweet liquid from corn, usually polluted with pesticides. The exact reason for the disappearance of bees is not sure, but losing bees is very costly to the economy. The bee pollination services are worth over $8 billion a year. With no bees, pollination will have to be done by hand, which would have effects on the quality of food and increased food priced. We hear a lot about big environmental disasters almost every day. But one of the biggest may just be the less of that tiny flying insect. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ V. Translation (15%) Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 37. 这幅图巧妙地刻画了男子作品和表演在舞台上的那种宁静与美好。(capture) (汉译英) ___________________________________________________ 38. 这座古桥历经数百年风雨，不仅连通两岸，便利四方居民，更是小镇历史变迁与时代发展的无声见证者。(serve) (汉译英) ___________________________________________________ VI. An additional Closer (15%) Awe is the “Wow!” emotion we get when something is so vast that it stops us in our tracks. Often, it ___39___ or expands our thinking. Awe experiences increase positive emotions and overall satisfaction in life. It can also help our relationships, making us feel more caring and less ___40___, more supported by and more likely to help others. Most of us associate awe with something ___41___ and beautiful: nature, music or a spiritual experience. But people can trigger awe, too. And not just people we think of as public ___42___ first responders or front-line workers — or famous people, such as athletes or astronauts. We can be awed by our nearest and dearest — the people sitting next to us on the couch, chatting on the other end of the phone. Psychologists call this interpersonal awe. Often, this interpersonal awe is a(n) ___43___ to life’s big, sweeping changes: witnessing a baby’s first steps, watching someone take care of a sick loved one, seeing parents cope ___44___ with the challenges of aging. But interpersonal awe happens in smaller moments, too. John Bargh, 66, a psychologist and professor who lives in Guilford, Conn., said he was “truly ___45___” by his then-5-year-old daughter while dining with her in a McDonald’s several years ago. When she heard another child crying across the restaurant, she grabbed the toy from her Happy Meal, walked over to the boy and handed it to him, he says. We can’t make someone else ___46___ in a way that’s awesome. But we can prime ourselves to notice it when they do. Here is how. Start by questioning your ___47___ about people in your life. Do you believe your partner is insensitive or your sibling is selfish? There may be a little ____48____ to that, but it’s never the whole tale. “The story you tell yourself ____49____ catching people at their best,” says Marianna Graziosi, an assistant instructor of positive psychology at the University of Pennsylvania. To increase your chances of feeling awed by the other person, Ms. Graziosi suggests you ask yourself what’s going on in his or her life. Can you come up with ____50____ of how that person is doing something positive? Name awe when you see it. (“Wow that was awesome!”) This will help you ____51____ it and remember the experience. Savour (充分享受) it in the moment. Tell others about it; this will ____52____ your positive emotions and help others feel good, as well, says Johns Hopkins’ Dr. Yaden. Thank the person who awed you. This makes the other person feel good. And it will help you, too: Studies show that people who ____53____ gratitude have higher levels of happiness and psychological well-being than those who don’t. 39. A. comprehends B. challenges C. comforts D. contracts 40. A. ambitious B. generous C. greedy D. earnest 41. A. rare B. common C. reasonable D. plain 42. A. celebrities B. heroes C. servants D. participants 43. A. commitment B. contribution C. admission D. response 44. A. bitterly B. cooperatively C. hesitantly D. bravely 45. A. awe-stricken B. panic-stricken C. guilt-ridden D. conflict-ridden 46. A. adjust B. pose C. impose D. behave 47. A. expectation B. assumptions C. guidelines D. strategies 48. A. theory B. cause C. truth D. doubt 49. A. takes the form of B. makes room for C. gets in the way of D. gives rise to 50. A. examples B. options C. standards D. proposals 51. A. interpret B. fancy C. exploit D. identify 52. A. illustrate B. reinforce C. regulate D. cultivate 53. A. deserve B. dismiss C. command D. practise 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $