精品解析：北京市第一六一中学2025-2026学年高三上学期开学考英语试题

北京一六一中学2025—2026学年度第一学期开学测试 高三英语试卷 考生须知 1．本试卷共5页，满分100分，考试时长90分钟。 2．试题答案一律书写在答题纸上，在试卷上作答无效。 3．在答题纸上，选择题用2B铅笔作答，非选择题用黑色字迹签字笔作答。 4．考试结束后，将答题纸、试卷和草稿纸一并交回。 第一部分：知识运用（共两节，30分） 第一节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 My 10-year-old son Egbert was a picky eater - he only ate chicken nuggets and yogurt - and unwilling to try new things. According to him, it’s because he has phobias, including heights and the dark. I was hoping to find a way to ____1____ him without using old sayings like “If you don’t try it, you’ll never know if you like it.” So before our skiing trip to Los Angeles, I ___2___ a rule: we would say yes to everything, including new foods and experiences. We said yes from the beginning of our trip. At the airport café, Egbert began by trying new foods like vegetable meatballs. ___3___, he rated it as “not bad”. The next day in the snowboarding school, despite the fear of heights, Egbert challenged himself to learn how to ride a chairlift. After skiing, we were both cold and wet, and Egbert suggested the outdoor hot tub (浴缸). Though it would be a completely new experience for us, I ___4___ it together with him and the experience proved to be a delight. I felt ___5___ of myself for trying something new. On our summer holidays, we continued the ___6___ of saying yes. At the competition in Cody, Wyoming, neither of my son and I ___7___ when we were invited onto the field to join in the horse racing. Though we came back without prizes, we were both laughing, sweaty and ___8___. I know it’s a moment we’ll never forget. Therein lies the ___9___ of saying yes on vacation: it pushes us out of our comfort zone, though it’s not always possible to say yes to everything in our daily life. Developing a sense of ____10____ helps us live life to the fullest - even if we sometimes wind up cold and wet. 1. A. warn B. award C. order D. encourage 2. A. broke B. set C. changed D. remembered 3. A. Strangely B. Clearly C. Undoubtedly D. Surprisingly 4. A. braved B. adjusted C. missed D. discussed 5. A. afraid B. proud C. nervous D. respectful 6. A. tradition B. lesson C. trend D. celebration 7. A. cared B. agreed C. panicked D. hesitated 8. A. puzzled B. touched C. excited D. disappointed 9. A. risk B. beauty C. cost D. duty 10. A. devotion B. identity C. adventure D. happiness 【答案】1. D 2. B 3. D 4. A 5. B 6. A 7. D 8. C 9. B 10. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者为了鼓励儿子尝试新事物，在一次滑雪旅行中制定了一个“对一切说‘是’”的规则，并通过亲身体验来激励儿子克服恐惧和尝试新事物的故事。 【1题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我希望能找到一个方法来鼓励他，而不是使用像“如果你不尝试，你永远不会知道你是否会喜欢它”这样的老话。A. warn警告；B. award奖励；C. order命令；D. encourage鼓励。根据上文“My 10-year-old son Egbert was a picky eater - he only ate chicken nuggets and yogurt - and unwilling to try new things. (我的10岁儿子Egbert是个挑食者——他只吃鸡块和酸奶——而且不愿意尝试新事物。)”可知，作者希望找到一种方法来激励儿子尝试新事物。故选D。 【2题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：因此，在我们去洛杉矶滑雪之前，我设定了一个规则：我们会对一切说“是”，包括新食物和新体验。A. broke打破；B. set设定；C. changed改变；D. remembered记住。根据下文“a rule: we would say yes to everything”可知，作者设定了一个规则。故选B。 【3题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：令人惊讶的是，他评价说“还不错”。A. Strangely奇怪地；B. Clearly清楚地；C. Undoubtedly毫无疑问地；D. Surprisingly令人惊讶地。根据下文“he rated it as “not bad””可知，挑剔的儿子尝试新食物后的反应令人吃惊。故选D。 【4题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然这将是我们完全新的体验，但我还是和他一起尝试了，并且这次经历证明是非常愉快的。A. braved勇敢地面对；B. adjusted调整；C. missed错过；D. discussed讨论。根据下文“the experience proved to be a delight.”可知，作者和儿子勇敢地面对尝试新事物。故选A。 【5题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我为自己尝试新事物感到自豪。A. afraid害怕的；B. proud自豪的；C. nervous紧张的；D. respectful尊敬的。根据下文“of myself for trying something new.”可知，作者对自己尝试新事物感到自豪，be proud of“因……而自豪”。故选B。 【6题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在我们的暑假中，我们继续坚持说“是”的传统。A. tradition传统；B. lesson教训；C. trend趋势；D. celebration庆祝。根据上文“We said yes from the beginning of our trip.”可知，作者和儿子把说“是”变成一种传统。故选A。 【7题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在怀俄明州科迪的比赛场上，当被邀请加入骑马比赛时，我和儿子都没有犹豫。A. cared关心；B. agreed同意；C. panicked惊慌；D. hesitated犹豫。根据上文“we continued the ___6___ of saying yes”可知，作者和儿子继续尝试新事物，没有犹豫就接受了骑马比赛的邀请。故选D。 【8题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虽然我们没有赢得奖品，但我们都在笑，满身大汗，非常兴奋。A. puzzled困惑的；B. touched感动的；C. excited兴奋的；D. disappointed失望的。根据上文“we were both laughing, sweaty”可知，他们玩得很开心，感觉很兴奋。故选C。 【9题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这就是在度假时说“是”的美丽之处：它将我们推出舒适区，尽管并不是总能对日常生活中一切都说“是”。A. risk冒险；B. beauty美好；C. cost成本；D. duty职责。根据下文“it pushes us out of our comfort zone, though it’s not always possible to say yes to everything in our daily life.”可知，这里指的是说“是”的美好之处。故选B。 【10题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：培养一种冒险精神有助于我们充分体验生活——即使有时我们会又冷又湿。A. devotion奉献；B. identity身份；C. adventure冒险；D. happiness幸福。结合全文，文章主要讲作者鼓励儿子尝试新事物，培养他敢于冒险的精神。故选C。 第二节（共15小题；每小题1分，共15分） A 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 Oliver is a host of a TV programme on food. He says food ____11____ (play) a big role in his life. “My mum was a great cook, and she’d sometimes let me have a try,” he said. The first dish Oliver ____12____ (prepare) for his family was ____13____ (fry) chicken wings. He made it with his mum’s help. Oliver says if you’re lucky enough to have someone close to you ____14____ enjoys cooking, ask them ____15____ you can join in when it’s possible. 【答案】11. plays 12. prepared 13. fried 14. who##that 15. if##whether 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了电视节目主持人Oliver与食物的渊源，包括他母亲对他的影响、他第一次烹饪炸鸡翅的经历，以及他对观众的建议——向身边喜欢烹饪的人学习并参与其中。 【11题详解】 考查 时态和主谓一致。句意：他说食物在他的生活中扮演着重要角色。此空考查谓语动词，food与play为主动关系，且此处描述食物在奥利弗生活中的常态作用，应用一般现在时；主语food为不可数名词，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填plays。 12题详解】 考查时态。句意：奥利弗为家人准备的第一道菜是炸鸡翅。此空在省略关系代词的定语从句中作谓语动词，Oliver与prepare为主动关系，根据主句谓语was可知这一动作发生在过去（描述奥利弗过去的经历），应用一般过去时。故填prepared。 【13题详解】 考查形容词。句意：奥利弗为家人准备的第一道菜是炸鸡翅。修饰名词“chicken wings”作定语，fry的形容词形式fried，表示“油炸的”，符合语境。故填fried。 【14题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：奥利弗说，如果你足够幸运，身边有喜欢做饭的人，那么在可能的时候，问问他们你是否能加入（一起做）。此空引导限制性定语从句，先行词someone，指人，且引导词在定语从句中作主语，应用关系代词who或that引导。故填who/that。 【15题详解】 考查连词。句意：奥利弗说，如果你足够幸运，身边有喜欢做饭的人，那么在可能的时候，问问他们你是否能加入（一起做）。此处引导宾语从句，结合语境表示“是否”能加入，应用连接词if或whether引导从句。故填if/whether。 B 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 Single-use plastic bags are used at most a few times before they ____16____ (throw) away. It takes them hundreds of years ____17____ (break) down. Many of these bags end up in the ocean ____18____ larger ones can trap sea creatures, such as turtles and dolphins. Over time, the bags fall apart into countless tiny pieces and fish can ____19____ (accident) eat some of them. Now, lots of countries and regions ____20____ (take) action to ban the sale of such bags to stop people ____21____ (use) them. 【答案】16. are thrown 17. to break 18. where 19. accidentally 20. are taking 21. using 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了一次性塑料袋对海洋环境及海洋生物造成的危害，以及现在许多国家和地区正在采取行动禁止销售此类塑料袋。 【16题详解】 考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：一次性塑料袋在被扔掉之前最多使用几次。throw(扔)是从句中谓语动词，与主语“they”之间是被动关系，描述客观事实，用一般现在时的被动语态，主语是复数名词，谓语动词用复数形式。故填are thrown。 【17题详解】 考查固定句型和非谓语动词。句意：它们需要几百年才能分解。“It takes sb. some time to do sth.”是固定句型，意为“做某事花费某人多长时间”，其中it是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式短语，所以此处用不定式to break作真正的主语。故填to break。 【18题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：许多这样的袋子最终都进入了海洋，在那里，较大的袋子可能会困住海洋生物，比如海龟和海豚。“ larger ones can trap sea creatures, such as turtles and dolphins”是定语从句，修饰先行词ocean ，关系词将其代入从句中作地点状语，用关系副词where引导从句。故填where。 【19题详解】 考查副词。句意：随着时间的推移，这些塑料袋会分解成无数的小碎片，鱼可能会不小心吃掉其中的一些。提示词修饰动词eat，用副词accidentally作状语，意为“不小心，意外地”。故填accidentally。 【20题详解】 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：现在，许多国家和地区正在采取行动禁止销售此类塑料袋，以阻止人们使用它们。take(采取)是谓语动词，根据时间状语“Now”可知，描述现阶段正在进行的动作，用现在进行时，主语“countries”是复数名词，谓语动词用复数形式。故填are taking。 【21题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：现在，许多国家和地区正在采取行动禁止销售此类塑料袋，以阻止人们使用它们。“stop sb. (from) doing sth.”是固定短语，意为“阻止某人做某事”，用动名词作宾语。故填using。 C 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 A piece of stone ____22____ (find) on a Dutch beach suggests that our extinct human relatives, known as Neanderthals, were cleverer than previously thought. The Neanderthals ____23____ (live) alongside human ancestors in Europe for tens of thousands of years, before ____24____ (die) out about 40,000 years ago. They were much stronger than modern humans, but it’s long been assumed that human ancestors were ____25____ (smart) than the Neanderthals. However, the stone tool made by Neanderthals suggests otherwise. 【答案】22. found 23. lived##had lived##had been living 24. dying 25. smarter 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。荷兰海滩发现石头表明，曾与人类祖先共存的尼安德特人，比以往认为的更聪明，其制作的石器反驳了人类祖先更聪明的固有观念。 【22题详解】 考查非谓语。句意：在荷兰海滩上发现的一块石头表明，我们已灭绝的人类近亲尼安德特人，比之前认为的更聪明。已有谓语动词suggests，此空为非谓语动词，主语A piece of stone与动词find之间为逻辑上的被动关系，应用过去分词作后置定语。故填found。 【23题详解】 考查时态。句意：尼安德特人与人类祖先一起在欧洲生活了数万年，直到大约4万年前灭绝。设空处在句中作谓语，The Neanderthals与live为主动关系，设空处的动作发生在灭绝之前，结合时间状语for tens of thousands of years，故应用过去完成时态，或者用过去完成进行时态，强调动作从过去的过去开始一直延续到过去某个时间点；也可用一般过去时，表示陈述过去发生的动作。故答案为lived/had lived/had been living。 【24题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：尼安德特人在欧洲与人类祖先共同生活了数万年，大约在4万年前灭绝。空前before为介词，后接动词时应用动名词形式。故填dying。 【25题详解】 考查形容词比较级。句意：他们比现代人强壮得多，但长期以来人们一直认为人类祖先比尼安德特人更聪明。根据空后than可知，此处应用形容词smart的比较级形式smarter，表“更聪明的”，符合语境。故填smarter。 第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，38分） 第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A Lancom is a worldwide language learning app and a leader in the online language learning industry with millions of active subscribers. We house a broad range of experts united by the common goal of creating the best language learning tools possible. With advice from AI specialists, art designers and culture researchers, our multi-language experts endow Lancom with an enormous potential for innovation within the world of language leaning. Our courses, totalling 20,000 hours of content in 20 different languages, guarantee you language skills you can use right away. At the core of Lancom is a world-class effective method that enhances language leaning with advanced technology. Examples and dialogues are recorded with real native speakers instead of automatic computers. Lancom trains your brain to learn efficiently, so you absorb more information while in the app and continue learning outside of it. The app makes our practical language lessons available wherever and whenever. We work directly for our leaners, not for any third party. And it's all supported by an efficient customer service team, available through telephone, email and online chat. Millions of learners have their own stories and their own reasons for learning a new language. Lancom cares about you and addresses your individual learning type. Lancom is the only product to offer courses tailored to your native language, building on grammar and words you already know. Our content is about real-life topics that are relevant because we know what matters to you is what sticks best. You will, find it very rewarding to learn with Lancom. Choose Your Subscription and Get Started 1 month 3 months 6 months 12 months $12.95/m $8.95/m $7.45/m $6.95/m Buy with confidence: 21-day money back guarantee! If you aren't satisfied, just write to Customer Service within 21 days. Contact & Support: customerservice@lancom.com 26. Who can provide Lancom with a huge potential for innovation in learning? A. Culture researchers. B. AI specialists. C. Language experts. D. Art designers. 27. What lies at the core of the Lancom app? A. A flexible system. B. An effective method. C. The brain-training technique. D. The informative content. 28. Lancom claims that it is unique in its ___________. A. personalised courses B. multiple languages C. pricing policy D. service team 【答案】26. C 27. B 28. A 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍一个名为Lancom的全球性语言学习应用程序，介绍了其特色、价格以及联系方式等信息。 【26题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“With advice from AI specialists, art designers and culture researchers, our multi-language experts endow Lancom with an enormous potential for innovation within the world of language leaning.”可知，在人工智能专家、艺术设计师和文化研究者的建议下，我们的多语言专家为Lancom在语言学习领域提供了巨大的创新潜力。由此可知，语言专家为Lancom提供学习创新的巨大潜力。故选C。 【27题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“At the core of Lancom is a world-class effective method that enhances language leaning with advanced technology.”可知，Lancom的核心是一种世界级的有效方法，利用先进的技术来增强语言学习。由此可知，Lancom应用程序的核心是有效的方法。故选B。 【28题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中“Lancom is the only product to offer courses tailored to your native language, building on grammar and words you already know.”可知，Lancom是唯一一款为您的母语量身定制课程的产品，以您已经掌握的语法和单词为基础，由此可知，Lancom声称它的个性化课程是独一无二的。故选A。 B Baggy has become the first dog in the UK — and potentially the world — to join the fight against air pollution by recording pollutant levels near the ground. Baggy wears a pollution monitor on her collar so she can take data measurements close to the ground. Her monitor has shown that air pollution levels are higher closer to ground level, which has helped highlight concerns that babies and young kids may be at higher risk of developing lung problems. Conventional air pollution monitors are normally fixed on lampposts (路灯柱) at about nine feet in the air. However, since Baggy stands at about the same height as a child in a pushchair (婴儿车), she frequently records pollution levels which are much higher than the data gathered by the Environment Agency. The doggy data research was the idea of Baggy’s 13-year-old owner Tom Hunt and his dad Matt. The English youngster noticed that pollution levels are around two-thirds higher close to the ground than they are in the air at the height where they are recorded by the agency. Tom has since reported the shocking findings to the government in an attempt to emphasize that babies are at higher risk of developing asthma (哮喘). Matt Hunt said he was “very proud” of his son because “when the boy gets an idea, he keeps his head down and gets on with it, and he really does want to do some good and stop young kids from getting asthma.” “Tom built up a passion for environmental protection at a very early age,” Matt added. “He became very interested in gadgets (小装置). About one year ago, he got this new piece of tech which is like a test tube. One Sunday afternoon, we went out to do some monitoring, and he said, ‘why don’t we put it on Baggy’s collar and let her monitor the pollution?’ So we did it.” Tom said, “Most of the time, Baggy is just like any other dog. But for the rest of the time she is a super dog, and we are all really proud of her.” 29. What can we learn from the Baggy data? A. High places are free of air pollution. B. Higher pushchairs are more risky for kids. C. Conventional monitors are more reliable. D. Air is more polluted closer to the ground. 30. What is Tom’s purpose of doing the research? A. To warn of a health risk. B. To find out pollution sources. C. To test his new monitor. D. To prove Baggy’s abilities. 31. According to the passage, which word can best describe Tom Hunt? A. Modest. B. Generous. C. Creative. D. Outgoing. 【答案】29. D 30. A 31. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了13岁的孩子Tom Hunt和他的爸爸通过在自己的宠物狗的脖子上戴污染监测器来记录地面附近的污染物水平；监测仪显示，接近地面的空气污染水平更高，这有助于强调婴儿和幼儿可能面临更高风险发展肺部问题的担忧。 【29题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“Her monitor has shown that air pollution levels are higher closer to ground level, which has helped highlight concerns that babies and young kids may be at higher risk of developing lung problems.(她的监测显示，接近地面的空气污染水平更高，这凸显了婴儿和幼儿患肺部疾病的风险更高的担忧)”可知接近地面的空气污染水平更高。故选D项。 【30题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“Tom has since reported the shocking findings to the government in an attempt to emphasize that babies are at higher risk of developing asthma (哮喘).(汤姆随后向政府报告了这一令人震惊的发现，试图强调婴儿患哮喘的风险更高)”可知Tom研究的目的是对健康风险提出警告。故选A项。 【31题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段““Tom built up a passion for environmental protection at a very early age,” Matt added. “He became very interested in gadgets (小装置). About one year ago, he got this new piece of tech which is like a test tube. One Sunday afternoon, we went out to do some monitoring, and he said, ‘why don’t we put it on Baggy’s collar and let her monitor the pollution?’ So we did it.”(“汤姆在很小的时候就对环保产生了热情，”马特补充道。“他对小玩意非常感兴趣。大约一年前，他得到了这个像试管一样的新技术。一个星期天的下午，我们出去做一些监测，他说，“为什么我们不把它戴在Baggy的衣领上，让她监测污染呢?”所以我们就这么做了。”)”可推知Tom是非常的有创造力的。故选C项。 C For the past five years, Paula Smith, a historian of science, has devoted herself to re-creating long-forgotten techniques. While doing research for her new book, she came across a 16th-century French manuscript（手稿）consisting of nearly 1,000 sets of instructions, covering subjects from tool making to finding the best sand. The author's intention remains as mysterious（神秘）as his name; he may have been simply taking notes for his own records. But Smith was struck mainly by the fact that she didn't truly grasp any of the skills the author described. "You simply can't get an understanding of that handwork by reading about it," she says. Though Smith did get her hands on the best sand, doing things the old-fashioned way isn't just about playing around with French mud. Reconstructing the work of the craftsmen（工匠）who lived centuries ago can reveal how they viewed the world, what objects filled their homes, and what went on in the workshops that produced them. It can even help solve present-day problems: In 2015, scientists discovered that a 10th-century English medicine for eve problems could kill a drug-resistant virus. The work has also brought insights for museums, Smith says. One must know how an object was made in order to preserve it. What's more, reconstructions might be the only way to know what treasures looked like before time wore them down. Scholars have seen this idea in practice with ancient Greek and Roman statues. These sculptures were painted a rainbow of striking colours. We can't appreciate these kinds of details without seeing works of art as they originally appeared-something Smith believes you can do only when you have a road map. Smith has put the manuscript's ideas into practice. Her final goal is to link the worlds of art and science back together: She believes that bringing the old recipes to life can help develop a kind of learning that highlights experimentation, teamwork, and problem solving. Back when science—then called “the new philosophy”—took shape, academics looked to craftsmen for help in understanding the natural world. Microscopes and telescopes were invented by way of artistic tinkering（修补）, as craftsmen experimented with glass to better bend light. If we can rediscover the values of hands-on experience and craftwork, Smith says, we can marry the best of our modern insights with the handiness of our ancestors. 32. How did Smith, feel after reading the French manuscript? A. Confused about the technical terms. B. Impressed with its detailed instructions. C. Discouraged by its complex structure. D. Shocked for her own lack of hand skills. 33. According to Smith, the reconstruction work is done mainly to _____________. A. restore old workshops B. understand the craftsmen C. improve visual effects D. inspire the philosophers 34. Why does the author mention museums? A. To reveal the beauty of ancient objects. B. To present the findings of old science. C To highlight the importance of antiques. D. To emphasise the values of hand skills. 35. Which would be the best title for this passage? A. Craftsmen Set the Trends for Artists B. Craftsmanship Leads to New Theories C. Craftsmanship Makes Better Scientists D. Craftsmen Reshape the Future of Science 【答案】32. D 33. B 34. D 35. C 【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述科学家Paula Smith致力于对古代手工技能的研究，认为科学家如果能够把古代的手工技能和现代的科学方法结合起来，就能够创造更大成就。 【32题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“But Smith was struck mainly by the fact that she didn't truly grasp any of the skills the author described. "You simply can't get an understanding of that handwork by reading about it," she says.” 让史密斯震惊的主要是，她并没有真正掌握作者所描述的任何技能。她说:“你根本无法通过阅读来了解这些手工作品。” 由此可知读完这份法国手稿，这种手工技能让史密斯感到震惊，故选D。 【33题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Reconstructing the work of the craftsmen（工匠）who lived centuries ago can reveal how they viewed the world, what objects filled their homes, ” 重建几个世纪前工匠的作品，可以揭示他们如何看待世界，他们的家里有什么物件。由此可知，重建工作主要是为了了解工匠。故选B。 【34题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第四段“The work has also brought insights for museums, Smith says. One must know how on object was made in order to preserve it. What's more, reconstructions might be the only way to know what treasures looked like before time wore them down.” 史密斯说，这项工作也给博物馆带来了深刻的见解。为了保存它，一个人必须知道一件物品是如何制成的。更重要的是，重建可能是唯一的方法，以了解宝藏磨损之前的样子。因此可知，博物馆要想很好保存物品，必须要知道这件物品是如何制成的，也是在强调手工技能的价值，故选D。 【35题详解】 主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段“If we can rediscover the values of hands-on experience and craftwork, Smith says, we can marry the best of our modern insights with the handiness of our ancestors. ”史密斯说，如果我们能重新发现实践经验和工艺价值，我们就能将现代的最好见解与我们祖先的灵巧结合起来。由此可知本文的中心思想就在于如果科学家能把古代的手工技巧同现代的理论结合起来，就能够获得更多的成就。C选项Craftsmanship Makes Better Scientists工艺造就了更好的科学家，符合文章主题，适合做标题，故选C。 【点睛】标题猜测题。属于主旨大意题的一种，标题应位于文章之首，概括文章内容，点明文章主题。它可以是单词，短语，或句子。确定文章标题，第一，标题要与主题密切相关；其次，看标题是否能概括全文内容，不能只概括短文中的某些事实或细节；第三，标题范围不应太大或太小；最后，标题应新颖，概括性强并且精炼。小题4中C选项概括文中主旨大意，与主题密切相关，故选C。 D Certain forms of AI are indeed becoming ubiquitous. For example, algorithms (算法) carry out huge volumes of trading on our financial markets, self-driving cars are appearing on city streets, and our smartphones are translating from one language into another. These systems are sometimes faster and more perceptive than we humans are. But so far that is only true for the specific tasks for which the systems have been designed. That is something that some AI developers are now eager to change. Some of today’s AI pioneers want to move on from today’s world of “weak” or “narrow” AI, to create “strong” or “full” AI, or what is often called artificial general intelligence (AGI). In some respects, today’s powerful computing machines already make our brains look weak. AGI could, its advocates say, work for us around the clock, and drawing on all available data, could suggest solutions to many problems. DM, a company focused on the development of AGI, has an ambition to “solve intelligence”. “If we’re successful,” their mission statement reads, “we believe this will be one of the most important and widely beneficial scientific advances ever made.” Since the early days of AI, imagination has outpaced what is possible or even probable. In 1965, an imaginative mathematician called Irving Good predicted the eventual creation of an “ultra-intelligent machine…that can far surpass all the intellectual (智力的) activities of any man, however clever.” Good went on to suggest that “the first ultra-intelligent machine” could be “the last invention that man need ever make.” Fears about the appearance of bad, powerful, man-made intelligent machines have been reinforced (强化) by many works of fiction — Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein and the Terminator film series, for example. But if AI does eventually prove to be our downfall, it is unlikely to be at the hands of human-shaped forms like these, with recognisably human motivations such as aggression (敌对行为). Instead, I agree with Oxford University philosopher Nick Bostrom, who believes that the heaviest risks from AGI do not come from a decision to turn against mankind but rather from a dogged pursuit of set objectives at the expense of everything else. The promise and danger of true AGI are great. But all of today’s excited discussion about these possibilities presupposes the fact that we will be able to build these systems. And, having spoken to many of the world’s foremost AI researchers, I believe there is good reason to doubt that we will see AGI any time soon, if ever. 36. What does the underlined word “ubiquitous” in Paragraph I probably mean? A. Enormous in quantity. B. Changeable daily. C. Stable in quality. D. Present everywhere. 37. What could AGI do for us, according to its supporters? A. Help to tackle problems. B. Make brains more active. C. Benefit ambitious people. D. Set up powerful databases. 38. As for Irving Good’s opinion on ultra-intelligent machines, the author is ____________. A. supportive B. disapproving C. fearful D. uncertain 39. What can be inferred about AGI from the passage? A. It may be only a dream. B. It will come into being soon. C. It will be controlled by humans. D. It may be more dangerous than ever. 【答案】36. D 37. A 38. B 39. A 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇议论文。文章主要就通用人工智能(AGI)实现的可能性进行了论述。 【36题详解】 词义猜测题。根据划线词所在句后面的For example, algorithms (算法) carry out huge volumes of trading on our financial markets, self-driving cars are appearing on city streets, and our smartphones are translating from one language into another(例如，算法在我们的金融市场上进行大量交易，自动驾驶汽车出现在城市街道上，我们的智能手机正在从一种语言翻译成另一种语言)可知，人工智能在我们生活中用处十分广泛。由此推知，划线词所在句意为“某些形式的人工智能确实正在变得无处不在”，即划线词与D选项“Present everywhere.(在任何地方存在)”意思接近。故选D项。 【37题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段AGI could, its advocates say, work for us around the clock, and drawing on all available data, could suggest solutions to many problems(AGI的倡导者说，AGI可以24小时为我们工作，并利用所有可用的数据，可以提出许多问题的解决方案)可知，AGI(通用人工智能)的倡导者认为，AGI(通用人工智能)可以提出许多问题的解决方案，帮助我们解决问题。因此，A选项“Help to tackle problems(帮助解决问题)”符合题意。故选A项。 【38题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段Since the early days of AI, imagination has outpaced what is possible or even probable. In 1965, an imaginative mathematician called Irving Good predicted the eventual creation of an “ultra-intelligent machine…that can far surpass all the intellectual (智力的) activities of any man, however clever.”(自从人工智能的早期，想象力已经超过了可能。1965年，一位富有想象力的数学家欧文·古德预言，最终将创造出一台“超智能机器……它将远远超过任何一个人的智力活动，无论他有多聪明。”)可知，作者认为Irving Good对“超智能机器”的想象力超出了实现的可能，作者并不赞成他的观点，因此B项“disapproving(不赞成)”符合题意。故选B项。 【39题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章最后一句And, having spoken to many of the world's foremost AI researchers, I believe there is good reason to doubt that we will see A GI any time soon, if ever. (而且，在与世界上许多顶尖的人工智能研究人员交谈后，我相信有充分的理由怀疑我们是否会很快看到AGI)可推断出，通用人工智能（AGI）或许只是一个梦想，A选项“It may be only a dream(它也许仅仅是一个梦想)”符合题意。故选择A项。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Many people think that positive thinking is mostly about keeping one's head in the sand and ignoring daily problems, trying to look optimistic. In reality it has more to do with the way an individual talks to himself. Self-talk is a constant stream of thoughts of a person, who is often unaware and uncertain of some events, phenomena, people, or even the person himself.____40____Meanwhile, positive thinking can help to stop negative self-talks and start to form a positive view on an issue. People who regularly practise positive thinking tend to solve problems more effectively. They are less exposed to stress caused by external factors. They tend to believe in themselves and in what they do. ____41____People who think positively demonstrate increased life spans, lower rates of depression and anxiety, better physical and psychological health, reduced risks of death from heart problems. Positive thinking also contributes to one's ability to deal with problems and hardships.____42____For example, researchers have found that in the case of a crisis accompanied by strong emotions, such as a natural disaster, positive thinking can provide a sort of buffer against depression and anxiety. Resilient people who think positively tend to treat every problem as a challenge, a chance for improvement of any kind, or as an opportunity for personal growth. Pessimists, on the contrary, tend to perceive problems as a source of additional stress.____43____ In conclusion, positive thinking is a powerful and effective tool for dealing with hard times and improving the quality of one's life. It doesn't have anything to do with ignorant optimism when an individual refuses to notice a problem.____44____ Thinking in a positive, self-encouraging way brings about many benefits to one's physical and mental health. A. It doesn't cause any severe emotional discomfort, either. B. Negative self-talk damages self-confidence and decreases self-respect. C. It helps one to remain clear-headed and confident in difficult situations. D. Positive thinking has several beneficial effects on the body and the mind. E. As thinking changes, an individual's behaviour and habits change as well. F. They often offer a real alternative to the common and regular way of thinking. G. They often feel discouraged long before trying to solve the problem, even if small. 【答案】40. B 41. D 42. C 43. G 44. A 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了积极思考对人产生的各种益处，同时将积极思考者与悲观主义者相比较，分析两种人的差异。积极思维是应对困难时期和提高个人生活质量的强大而有效的工具。 【40题详解】 根据上文“Self-talk is a constant stream of thoughts of a person, who is often unaware and uncertain of some events, phenomena, people, or even the person himself.(自我对话是一个人持续不断的想法，他常常对一些事件、现象、人，甚至是他自己都没有意识和不确定)”以及后文“Meanwhile, positive thinking can help to stop negative self-talks and start to form a positive view on an issue.(同时，积极的思考可以帮助停止消极的自我对话，开始形成对一个问题的积极的观点)”由此可知，上文对自我对话进行了定义，后文则提到了积极的思考可以有助于停止消极的自我对话，可知本句是在说明消极的自我对话对人的不良影响。后文中negative self-talks可对应到B选项中Negative self-talk。故B选项“消极的自言自语会损害自信，降低自尊”符合语境，故选B。 【41题详解】 根据后文“People who think positively demonstrate increased life spans, lower rates of depression and anxiety, better physical and psychological health, reduced risks of death from heart problems. Positive thinking also contributes to one's ability to deal with problems and hardships.(积极思考的人寿命更长，抑郁和焦虑率更低，身心更健康，死于心脏问题的风险更低。积极的思考也有助于一个人处理问题和困难的能力)”由此可知，后文提到了积极思考对人的益处，后文中People who think positively以及Positive thinking可对应到D选项中Positive thinking。故D选项“积极思考对身心有几个有益的影响”符合语境，故选D。 【42题详解】 根据后文“For example, researchers have found that in the case of a crisis accompanied by strong emotions, such as a natural disaster, positive thinking can provide a sort of buffer against depression and anxiety.(例如，研究人员发现，当危机伴随着强烈的情绪时，比如自然灾害，积极的思考可以为抑郁和焦虑提供一种缓冲)”可知，后文举出的例子说明了积极思考可以让一个人在面临危机时，保持冷静。故C选项“它帮助一个人在困难的情况下保持头脑清醒和自信”符合语境，故选C。 【43题详解】 根据上文“Resilient people who think positively tend to treat every problem as a challenge, a chance for improvement of any kind, or as an opportunity for personal growth. Pessimists, on the contrary, tend to perceive problems as a source of additional stress.(积极思考的、有韧性的人倾向于把每一个问题都看作是一个挑战，一个改进的机会，或者一个个人成长的机会。相反，悲观主义者倾向于将问题视为额外压力的来源)可知，上文在将积极思考者与悲观主义者相比较，本句应承接上文，进一步解释说明悲观主义者在解决问题时一些性格特点。上文Pessimists可对应到G选项中They。故G选项“他们常常在试图解决问题之前就感到气馁，即使是很小的问题”符合语境，故选G。 【44题详解】 根据上文“In conclusion, positive thinking is a powerful and effective tool for dealing with hard times and improving the quality of one's life. It doesn't have anything to do with ignorant optimism when an individual refuses to notice a problem. (总之，积极思考是应对困难时期和提高个人生活质量的强大而有效的工具。当一个人拒绝注意到一个问题时，它与无知的乐观主义没有任何关系)”可知，本句承接上文进一步说明一个人拒绝注意到问题的影响，它与无知的乐观主义没有任何关系，也不会引起任何严重的情绪不适。故A选项“它也不会引起任何严重的情绪不适”符合语境，故选A。 第三部分：书面表达（共两节，32分） 第一节（共4小题；第45、46题各2分，第47题3分，第48题5分，共12分） 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 We all love to criticize, but unfortunately, we also hate being criticized. We freely post and comment on others, but feel annoyed at the way others assess us, both online and in person. The world seems unlikely to change anytime soon. Fortunately, though, each of us can change how we give and take criticism, which will make us less likely to harm others, more resistant to being angry, and better able to benefit from feedback — even when it is negative. Criticism is defined as judgment of the merits (优点) and faults of something or someone in written or spoken form. Technically, criticism can include praise, but that isn’t what concerns us here. What annoys us is criticism of the negative variety, even when well-intentioned — so-called constructive criticism, which means to provide guidance so we can improve. Worst of all is destructive criticism, which aims to cause hurt or damage. The culture of criticism isn’t going away. The only way to flourish (繁荣) in it, and despite it, is to adopt new habits of getting and giving critical feedback. One rule is to assume that criticism, even when it seems personal, is not actually about you personally. When we receive criticism, we make it personal in two ways. First, we may naturally analyze the critic rather than the criticism. Second, we tend to consider the criticism a judgment on our natural abilities, rather than on our performance. Interestingly, even among young children, research shows that viewing criticism as a judgment on one’s abilities can lead to lower self-worth, lower positive mood, and less persistence at tasks. If taking criticism is particularly hard for you, you are not alone. However, taking criticism badly is more embarrassing, ultimately, than the criticism itself. If we do the work to learn to accept negative feedback, we will be much better off. 45. What will be the results of changing the way we give and take criticism? ____________________________________________________________________________________ 46. What is the difference between constructive and destructive criticism? ____________________________________________________________________________________ 47. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. Children who receive criticism have lower self-worth because they take criticism as a judgment on their performance. ____________________________________________________________________________________ 48. What benefit(s) would you gain from learning to accept negative feedback? (In about 40 words) ____________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】45. We will be less likely to harm others, more resistant to being angry, and better able to benefit from feedback— even when it is negative. 46. Constructive criticism means to provide guidance so we can improve, while destructive criticism aims to cause hurt or damage. 47. Children who receive criticism have lower self-worth because they take criticism as a judgment on their performance. They take criticism as a judgment on their abilities. 48. Learning to accept negative feedback can help us resist anger more easily and criticize more correctly. In addition, accepting negative feedback can help us put our shortcomings in perspective, correct our mistakes and improve ourselves. 【解析】 【导语】本文为一篇说明文，说明了批评对我们的影响及我们应如何正确地对待批评。 【45题详解】 考查细节理解。根据文章第一段“Fortunately, though, each of us can change how we give and take criticism, which will make us less likely to harm others, more resistant to being angry, and better able to benefit from feedback— even when it is negative.(幸运的是，我们每个人都可以改变我们给予和接受批评的方式，这将使我们不太可能伤害别人，更抵制愤怒，并能更好地从反馈中获益——即使是消极的反馈)”可知，改变我们给予和接受批评的方式会使我们不太可能伤害别人，更抵制愤怒，并能更好地从反馈中获益——即使是消极的反馈。故答案为We will be less likely to harm others, more resistant to being angry, and better able to benefit from feedback — even when it is negative. 【46题详解】 考查细节理解。根据文章第二段“What annoys us is criticism of the negative variety, even when well-intentioned — so-called constructive criticism, which means to provide guidance so we can improve. Worst of all is destructive criticism, which aims to cause hurt or damage.(让我们烦恼的是负面的批评，即使是善意的所谓建设性的批评，也意味着提供指导，让我们提高。最糟糕的是破坏性的批评，它的目的是造成伤害或破坏)”可知，建设性的批评是指提供指导，使我们能够改进，而破坏性的批评旨在造成伤害或损害。故答案为Constructive criticism means to provide guidance so we can improve, while destructive criticism aims to cause hurt or damage. 【47题详解】 考查推理判断。根据文章倒数第二段“Second, we tend to consider the criticism a judgment on our natural abilities, rather than on our performance. Interestingly, even among young children, research shows that viewing criticism as a judgment on one’s abilities can lead to lower self-worth, lower positive mood, and less persistence at tasks.(第二，我们倾向于认为批评是对我们天生能力的判断，而不是对我们的表现的判断。有趣的是，研究表明，即使是在年幼的孩子中，将批评视为对一个人能力的判断，也会导致自我价值降低、积极情绪降低、任务坚持度降低)”可推知，接受批评的孩子自我价值较低，因为他们把批评当成对自己能力的评判，而不是表现得判断。故答案为Children who receive criticism have lower self-worth because they take criticism as a judgment on their performance./They take criticism as a judgment on their abilities. 【48题详解】 开放性试题。根据文章最后一段“If we do the work to learn to accept negative feedback, we will be much better off.(如果我们努力学习接受负面反馈，我们就会变得更好)”可知，学习接受负面反馈能帮助我们更容易抵制愤怒，同时更正确地进行批评。此外，接受负面反馈还能帮助我们正确地看待自己的不足，纠正错误并提高自己。故答案为Learning to accept negative feedback can help us resist anger more easily and criticize more correctly. In addition, accepting negative feedback can help us put our shortcomings in perspective, correct our mistakes and improve ourselves. 第二节（20分） 49. 假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你的英国笔友 Jim所在的学校正在征集“智慧校园”方案。他打算参与这项活动，来信询问你的建议。请你给 Jim回信，内容包括： 1. 你的建议； 2. 说明理由。 提示词: 智慧校园 smart campus 注意: 1. 词数100左右; 2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Jim, _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Possible version 1: 一个方案（数字餐厅），两个理由（学生层面和学校层面） Dear Jim, I’m excited to hear about your interest in the Smart Campus Initiative at your school, and I’d like to share my advice. You may consider proposing a digital smart canteen system which enables students to order their desired dishes and select their pick-up time in advance. This innovative method can help students save time during lunch, allowing them to collect their chosen meals at their convenience. Moreover, school kitchen staff can monitor food consumption accurately and adjust meal preparations based on actual orders so as to cut down on food waste. I hope my suggestions can be of help to you. Yours, Li Hua Possible version 2: 两个方案建议（智能学习工具和虚拟现实教学），分别有各自的理由 Dear Jim, I’m thrilled to receive your letter and eager to share with you my ideas for a smart school plan Firstly, classrooms should be equipped with advanced digital tools, such as interactive smart boards, tablets for students and high-speed internet. These tools can support learning apps that tailor educational content to students’ individual needs, which can significantly enhance study efficiency. Moreover, incorporating virtual reality into the curriculum can transform the learning experience. Just imagine studying in a school where textbook concepts all comes to life! For example, when learning about gravity in physics, students can take a virtual spacewalk to experience the zero gravity firsthand. Isn’t that thrilling? What do you think of my suggestions? I hope they can inspire you and help your plan stand out. Yours, Li Hua Possible version 3: 两个方案建议（校园生活和数字学习），分别有各自的理由 Dear Jim, Knowing your interest in the Smart Campus Project at your school, I’m delighted to share my advice. You may focus on improving students’ life experience. For example, you can suggest building a digital smart canteen system or equipping the gym with AI devices. These systems will enable students to enjoy more personalized services, making their school life more convenient and enjoyable. When it comes to students’ learning, integrating virtual reality courses into the curriculum can be a great way to transform their learning experience. Also, a digital library will definitely provide students with access to more diverse and interactive materials, which will make learning more immersive and tailored to individual needs. I wish you all the best in your efforts! Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给Jim回信，提出一些“智慧校园”方案的建议。 【详解】（范文1） 1.词汇积累 激动的：excited→thrilled 建议：advice→tip 提前：in advance→ahead of time 此外：moreover→besides 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：This innovative method can help students save time during lunch, allowing them to collect their chosen meals at their convenience. 拓展句：This innovative method can help students save time during lunch, which allows them to collect their chosen meals at their convenience. 【点睛】[高分句型1] You may consider proposing a digital smart canteen system which enables students to order their desired dishes and select their pick-up time in advance. (运用了which引导定语从句) [高分句型2] I hope my suggestions can be of help to you. (运用了省略that的宾语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 北京一六一中学2025—2026学年度第一学期开学测试 高三英语试卷 考生须知 1．本试卷共5页，满分100分，考试时长90分钟。 2．试题答案一律书写在答题纸上，在试卷上作答无效。 3．在答题纸上，选择题用2B铅笔作答，非选择题用黑色字迹签字笔作答。 4．考试结束后，将答题纸、试卷和草稿纸一并交回。 第一部分：知识运用（共两节，30分） 第一节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 My 10-year-old son Egbert was a picky eater - he only ate chicken nuggets and yogurt - and unwilling to try new things. According to him, it’s because he has phobias, including heights and the dark. I was hoping to find a way to ____1____ him without using old sayings like “If you don’t try it, you’ll never know if you like it.” So before our skiing trip to Los Angeles, I ___2___ a rule: we would say yes to everything, including new foods and experiences. We said yes from the beginning of our trip. At the airport café, Egbert began by trying new foods like vegetable meatballs. ___3___, he rated it as “not bad”. The next day in the snowboarding school, despite the fear of heights, Egbert challenged himself to learn how to ride a chairlift. After skiing, we were both cold and wet, and Egbert suggested the outdoor hot tub (浴缸). Though it would be a completely new experience for us, I ___4___ it together with him and the experience proved to be a delight. I felt ___5___ of myself for trying something new. On our summer holidays, we continued the ___6___ of saying yes. At the competition in Cody, Wyoming, neither of my son and I ___7___ when we were invited onto the field to join in the horse racing. Though we came back without prizes, we were both laughing, sweaty and ___8___. I know it’s a moment we’ll never forget. Therein lies the ___9___ of saying yes on vacation: it pushes us out of our comfort zone, though it’s not always possible to say yes to everything in our daily life. Developing a sense of ____10____ helps us live life to the fullest - even if we sometimes wind up cold and wet. 1. A. warn B. award C. order D. encourage 2. A. broke B. set C. changed D. remembered 3. A. Strangely B. Clearly C. Undoubtedly D. Surprisingly 4. A. braved B. adjusted C. missed D. discussed 5. A. afraid B. proud C. nervous D. respectful 6. A. tradition B. lesson C. trend D. celebration 7. A. cared B. agreed C. panicked D. hesitated 8. A. puzzled B. touched C. excited D. disappointed 9. A. risk B. beauty C. cost D. duty 10. A. devotion B. identity C. adventure D. happiness 第二节（共15小题；每小题1分，共15分） A 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 Oliver is a host of a TV programme on food. He says food ____11____ (play) a big role in his life. “My mum was a great cook, and she’d sometimes let me have a try,” he said. The first dish Oliver ____12____ (prepare) for his family was ____13____ (fry) chicken wings. He made it with his mum’s help. Oliver says if you’re lucky enough to have someone close to you ____14____ enjoys cooking, ask them ____15____ you can join in when it’s possible. B 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 Single-use plastic bags are used at most a few times before they ____16____ (throw) away. It takes them hundreds of years ____17____ (break) down. Many of these bags end up in the ocean ____18____ larger ones can trap sea creatures, such as turtles and dolphins. Over time, the bags fall apart into countless tiny pieces and fish can ____19____ (accident) eat some of them. Now, lots of countries and regions ____20____ (take) action to ban the sale of such bags to stop people ____21____ (use) them. C 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 A piece of stone ____22____ (find) on a Dutch beach suggests that our extinct human relatives, known as Neanderthals, were cleverer than previously thought. The Neanderthals ____23____ (live) alongside human ancestors in Europe for tens of thousands of years, before ____24____ (die) out about 40,000 years ago. They were much stronger than modern humans, but it’s long been assumed that human ancestors were ____25____ (smart) than the Neanderthals. However, the stone tool made by Neanderthals suggests otherwise. 第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，38分） 第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A Lancom is a worldwide language learning app and a leader in the online language learning industry with millions of active subscribers. We house a broad range of experts united by the common goal of creating the best language learning tools possible. With advice from AI specialists, art designers and culture researchers, our multi-language experts endow Lancom with an enormous potential for innovation within the world of language leaning. Our courses, totalling 20,000 hours of content in 20 different languages, guarantee you language skills you can use right away. At the core of Lancom is a world-class effective method that enhances language leaning with advanced technology. Examples and dialogues are recorded with real native speakers instead of automatic computers. Lancom trains your brain to learn efficiently, so you absorb more information while in the app and continue learning outside of it. The app makes our practical language lessons available wherever and whenever. We work directly for our leaners, not for any third party. And it's all supported by an efficient customer service team, available through telephone, email and online chat. Millions of learners have their own stories and their own reasons for learning a new language. Lancom cares about you and addresses your individual learning type. Lancom is the only product to offer courses tailored to your native language, building on grammar and words you already know. Our content is about real-life topics that are relevant because we know what matters to you is what sticks best. You will, find it very rewarding to learn with Lancom. Choose Your Subscription and Get Started 1 month 3 months 6 months 12 months $12.95/m $8.95/m $7.45/m $6.95/m Buy with confidence: 21-day money back guarantee! If you aren't satisfied, just write to Customer Service within 21 days. Contact & Support: customerservice@lancom.com 26. Who can provide Lancom with a huge potential for innovation in learning? A. Culture researchers. B. AI specialists. C. Language experts. D. Art designers. 27 What lies at the core of the Lancom app? A. A flexible system. B. An effective method. C The brain-training technique. D. The informative content. 28 Lancom claims that it is unique in its ___________. A. personalised courses B. multiple languages C. pricing policy D. service team B Baggy has become the first dog in the UK — and potentially the world — to join the fight against air pollution by recording pollutant levels near the ground. Baggy wears a pollution monitor on her collar so she can take data measurements close to the ground. Her monitor has shown that air pollution levels are higher closer to ground level, which has helped highlight concerns that babies and young kids may be at higher risk of developing lung problems. Conventional air pollution monitors are normally fixed on lampposts (路灯柱) at about nine feet in the air. However, since Baggy stands at about the same height as a child in a pushchair (婴儿车), she frequently records pollution levels which are much higher than the data gathered by the Environment Agency. The doggy data research was the idea of Baggy’s 13-year-old owner Tom Hunt and his dad Matt. The English youngster noticed that pollution levels are around two-thirds higher close to the ground than they are in the air at the height where they are recorded by the agency. Tom has since reported the shocking findings to the government in an attempt to emphasize that babies are at higher risk of developing asthma (哮喘). Matt Hunt said he was “very proud” of his son because “when the boy gets an idea, he keeps his head down and gets on with it, and he really does want to do some good and stop young kids from getting asthma.” “Tom built up a passion for environmental protection at a very early age,” Matt added. “He became very interested in gadgets (小装置). About one year ago, he got this new piece of tech which is like a test tube. One Sunday afternoon, we went out to do some monitoring, and he said, ‘why don’t we put it on Baggy’s collar and let her monitor the pollution?’ So we did it.” Tom said, “Most of the time, Baggy is just like any other dog. But for the rest of the time she is a super dog, and we are all really proud of her.” 29. What can we learn from the Baggy data? A. High places are free of air pollution. B. Higher pushchairs are more risky for kids. C. Conventional monitors are more reliable. D. Air is more polluted closer to the ground. 30. What is Tom’s purpose of doing the research? A. To warn of a health risk. B. To find out pollution sources. C. To test his new monitor. D. To prove Baggy’s abilities. 31. According to the passage, which word can best describe Tom Hunt? A. Modest. B. Generous. C. Creative. D. Outgoing. C For the past five years, Paula Smith, a historian of science, has devoted herself to re-creating long-forgotten techniques. While doing research for her new book, she came across a 16th-century French manuscript（手稿）consisting of nearly 1,000 sets of instructions, covering subjects from tool making to finding the best sand. The author's intention remains as mysterious（神秘）as his name; he may have been simply taking notes for his own records. But Smith was struck mainly by the fact that she didn't truly grasp any of the skills the author described. "You simply can't get an understanding of that handwork by reading about it," she says. Though Smith did get her hands on the best sand, doing things the old-fashioned way isn't just about playing around with French mud. Reconstructing the work of the craftsmen（工匠）who lived centuries ago can reveal how they viewed the world, what objects filled their homes, and what went on in the workshops that produced them. It can even help solve present-day problems: In 2015, scientists discovered that a 10th-century English medicine for eve problems could kill a drug-resistant virus. The work has also brought insights for museums, Smith says. One must know how an object was made in order to preserve it. What's more, reconstructions might be the only way to know what treasures looked like before time wore them down. Scholars have seen this idea in practice with ancient Greek and Roman statues. These sculptures were painted a rainbow of striking colours. We can't appreciate these kinds of details without seeing works of art as they originally appeared-something Smith believes you can do only when you have a road map. Smith has put the manuscript's ideas into practice. Her final goal is to link the worlds of art and science back together: She believes that bringing the old recipes to life can help develop a kind of learning that highlights experimentation, teamwork, and problem solving. Back when science—then called “the new philosophy”—took shape, academics looked to craftsmen for help in understanding the natural world. Microscopes and telescopes were invented by way of artistic tinkering（修补）, as craftsmen experimented with glass to better bend light. If we can rediscover the values of hands-on experience and craftwork, Smith says, we can marry the best of our modern insights with the handiness of our ancestors. 32. How did Smith, feel after reading the French manuscript? A. Confused about the technical terms. B. Impressed with its detailed instructions. C. Discouraged by its complex structure. D. Shocked for her own lack of hand skills. 33. According to Smith, the reconstruction work is done mainly to _____________. A. restore old workshops B. understand the craftsmen C. improve visual effects D. inspire the philosophers 34. Why does the author mention museums? A. To reveal the beauty of ancient objects. B. To present the findings of old science. C. To highlight the importance of antiques. D. To emphasise the values of hand skills. 35. Which would be the best title for this passage? A. Craftsmen Set the Trends for Artists B. Craftsmanship Leads to New Theories C. Craftsmanship Makes Better Scientists D Craftsmen Reshape the Future of Science D Certain forms of AI are indeed becoming ubiquitous. For example, algorithms (算法) carry out huge volumes of trading on our financial markets, self-driving cars are appearing on city streets, and our smartphones are translating from one language into another. These systems are sometimes faster and more perceptive than we humans are. But so far that is only true for the specific tasks for which the systems have been designed. That is something that some AI developers are now eager to change. Some of today’s AI pioneers want to move on from today’s world of “weak” or “narrow” AI, to create “strong” or “full” AI, or what is often called artificial general intelligence (AGI). In some respects, today’s powerful computing machines already make our brains look weak. AGI could, its advocates say, work for us around the clock, and drawing on all available data, could suggest solutions to many problems. DM, a company focused on the development of AGI, has an ambition to “solve intelligence”. “If we’re successful,” their mission statement reads, “we believe this will be one of the most important and widely beneficial scientific advances ever made.” Since the early days of AI, imagination has outpaced what is possible or even probable. In 1965, an imaginative mathematician called Irving Good predicted the eventual creation of an “ultra-intelligent machine…that can far surpass all the intellectual (智力的) activities of any man, however clever.” Good went on to suggest that “the first ultra-intelligent machine” could be “the last invention that man need ever make.” Fears about the appearance of bad, powerful, man-made intelligent machines have been reinforced (强化) by many works of fiction — Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein and the Terminator film series, for example. But if AI does eventually prove to be our downfall, it is unlikely to be at the hands of human-shaped forms like these, with recognisably human motivations such as aggression (敌对行为). Instead, I agree with Oxford University philosopher Nick Bostrom, who believes that the heaviest risks from AGI do not come from a decision to turn against mankind but rather from a dogged pursuit of set objectives at the expense of everything else. The promise and danger of true AGI are great. But all of today’s excited discussion about these possibilities presupposes the fact that we will be able to build these systems. And, having spoken to many of the world’s foremost AI researchers, I believe there is good reason to doubt that we will see AGI any time soon, if ever. 36. What does the underlined word “ubiquitous” in Paragraph I probably mean? A. Enormous in quantity. B. Changeable daily. C. Stable in quality. D. Present everywhere. 37. What could AGI do for us, according to its supporters? A. Help to tackle problems. B. Make brains more active. C. Benefit ambitious people. D. Set up powerful databases. 38. As for Irving Good’s opinion on ultra-intelligent machines, the author is ____________. A. supportive B. disapproving C. fearful D. uncertain 39. What can be inferred about AGI from the passage? A. It may be only a dream. B. It will come into being soon. C. It will be controlled by humans. D. It may be more dangerous than ever. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Many people think that positive thinking is mostly about keeping one's head in the sand and ignoring daily problems trying to look optimistic. In reality it has more to do with the way an individual talks to himself. Self-talk is a constant stream of thoughts of a person, who is often unaware and uncertain of some events, phenomena, people, or even the person himself.____40____Meanwhile, positive thinking can help to stop negative self-talks and start to form a positive view on an issue. People who regularly practise positive thinking tend to solve problems more effectively. They are less exposed to stress caused by external factors. They tend to believe in themselves and in what they do. ____41____People who think positively demonstrate increased life spans, lower rates of depression and anxiety, better physical and psychological health, reduced risks of death from heart problems. Positive thinking also contributes to one's ability to deal with problems and hardships.____42____For example, researchers have found that in the case of a crisis accompanied by strong emotions, such as a natural disaster, positive thinking can provide a sort of buffer against depression and anxiety. Resilient people who think positively tend to treat every problem as a challenge, a chance for improvement of any kind, or as an opportunity for personal growth. Pessimists, on the contrary, tend to perceive problems as a source of additional stress.____43____ In conclusion, positive thinking is a powerful and effective tool for dealing with hard times and improving the quality of one's life. It doesn't have anything to do with ignorant optimism when an individual refuses to notice a problem.____44____ Thinking in a positive, self-encouraging way brings about many benefits to one's physical and mental health. A. It doesn't cause any severe emotional discomfort, either. B. Negative self-talk damages self-confidence and decreases self-respect. C. It helps one to remain clear-headed and confident in difficult situations. D. Positive thinking has several beneficial effects on the body and the mind. E. As thinking changes, an individual's behaviour and habits change as well. F. They often offer a real alternative to the common and regular way of thinking. G. They often feel discouraged long before trying to solve the problem, even if small. 第三部分：书面表达（共两节，32分） 第一节（共4小题；第45、46题各2分，第47题3分，第48题5分，共12分） 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 We all love to criticize, but unfortunately, we also hate being criticized. We freely post and comment on others, but feel annoyed at the way others assess us, both online and in person. The world seems unlikely to change anytime soon. Fortunately, though, each of us can change how we give and take criticism, which will make us less likely to harm others, more resistant to being angry, and better able to benefit from feedback — even when it is negative. Criticism is defined as judgment of the merits (优点) and faults of something or someone in written or spoken form. Technically, criticism can include praise, but that isn’t what concerns us here. What annoys us is criticism of the negative variety, even when well-intentioned — so-called constructive criticism, which means to provide guidance so we can improve. Worst of all is destructive criticism, which aims to cause hurt or damage. The culture of criticism isn’t going away. The only way to flourish (繁荣) in it, and despite it, is to adopt new habits of getting and giving critical feedback. One rule is to assume that criticism, even when it seems personal, is not actually about you personally. When we receive criticism, we make it personal in two ways. First, we may naturally analyze the critic rather than the criticism. Second, we tend to consider the criticism a judgment on our natural abilities, rather than on our performance. Interestingly, even among young children, research shows that viewing criticism as a judgment on one’s abilities can lead to lower self-worth, lower positive mood, and less persistence at tasks. If taking criticism is particularly hard for you, you are not alone. However, taking criticism badly is more embarrassing, ultimately, than the criticism itself. If we do the work to learn to accept negative feedback, we will be much better off. 45. What will be the results of changing the way we give and take criticism? ____________________________________________________________________________________ 46. What is the difference between constructive and destructive criticism? ____________________________________________________________________________________ 47. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. Children who receive criticism have lower self-worth because they take criticism as a judgment on their performance. ____________________________________________________________________________________ 48. What benefit(s) would you gain from learning to accept negative feedback? (In about 40 words) ____________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节（20分） 49. 假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你的英国笔友 Jim所在的学校正在征集“智慧校园”方案。他打算参与这项活动，来信询问你的建议。请你给 Jim回信，内容包括： 1. 你的建议； 2. 说明理由。 提示词: 智慧校园 smart campus 注意: 1. 词数100左右; 2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Jim, _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $