Unit 8 Protecting the environment 单词短语句型语法（教材考点精练）英语冀教版2024八年级上册

Unit 8 Protecting the environment 单元重点单词短语句型语法精练 （时间：60分钟，满分：100分） 单元思维导图: 单元训练: 一、英汉互译（共5小题，每小题1分，共5分） 1. be harmful to ______________ 2. get worse _______________ 3.agree to do ______________ 4. 剩余的 _______________ 5. 大量；无数 ______________ 【答案】1.对...有害 2.变糟糕 3.同意做... 4.the rest of 5. millions （of） 2、 单项选择（共16小题，每小题1分，共16分） 1．I feel much ________ today. I think I’ll go to work. A．better B．worst C．best D．worse 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我今天感觉好多了。我想我会去上班。 考查形容词辨析和比较级。better更好的；worst最糟糕的；best最好的；worse更糟糕的。根据“I think I’ll go to work.”可知，打算去上班，说明状态不错，much修饰比较级，空处应是better。故选A。 2．Ella wants rice ________ chicken for lunch. A．go with B．to go with C．going with D．goes with 【答案】B 【详解】句意：埃拉午餐想要米饭搭配鸡肉。 考查动词不定式。go with动词原形；to go with动词不定式；going with动名词形式；goes with第三人称单数。根据“Ella wants rice...chicken for lunch.”可知，want sth. to do sth.是常用搭配，意为“想要某物做某事”，此处用动词不定式to go with。故选B。 3．The park is a good place ________ fun. A．have B．having C．to have D．has 【答案】C 【详解】句意：公园是一个玩乐的好地方。 考查非谓语动词。根据“The park is a good place...fun.”可知，“a good place to do sth.”是固定搭配，意为“一个做某事的好地方”，其中“to do sth.”是动词不定式作后置定语，用来修饰“place”，表示“做……的地方”。故选C。 4．In the end, they came up with a good idea ______ the poor man. A．help B．to help C．helping 【答案】B 【详解】句意：最后，他们想出了一个好主意来帮助那个穷人。 考查非谓语动词。根据“they came up with a good idea ... the poor man”可知，他们想出一个帮助那个穷人的好主意，用动词不定式作后置定语。故选B。 5．I think the best way ________ is through exercise. A．to relax B．relax C．relaxing D．relaxed 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我认为放松的最好方式是锻炼。 考查非谓语动词。the best way to do something“做某事的最好方式”，其中不定式“to do”作后置定语。故选A。 6．—I think the Water Park is a good place ________ fun. —I agree with you. A．have B．having C．to have D．had 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——我认为水上乐园是个玩乐的好地方。——我同意你的看法。 考查不定式。根据“the Water Park is a good place...fun”可知，此处指水上乐园是个玩乐的好地方，用动词不定式“to have fun”作后置定语，修饰名词place。故选C。 7．She needed a clear head to ________ her work. A．come out B．put out   C．carry out D．run out 【答案】C 【详解】句意：她需要一个清醒的头脑来进行她的工作。 考查动词短语。come out出版；put out扑灭；carry out进行，执行；run out用光。根据“a clear head to...her work.”可知，是指用清醒的头脑来进行工作。故选C。 8．The Mid-Autumn Festival is a good time for Chinese families ________ together. A．getting B．got C．to getting D．to get 【答案】D 【详解】句意：中秋节对中国家庭来说是团聚的好时候。 考查非谓语动词。根据“a good time…to get together”可知，此处用不定式作后置定语修饰time，表示“做某事的时间”。故选D。 9．Zhang Lei is a good student and he is always the first ________ school in his class. A．to get to B．get to C．gets to D．getting to 【答案】A 【详解】句意：张雷是个好学生，他在班上总是第一个到校。 考查非谓语动词。get to+地点，表示到达某地，此处是固定表达the first to do sth.“第一个做某事的人”，动词不定式作后置定语，故选A。 10．Helen is making some plans _________ in an old people’s home this summer. A．working B．to work C．works 【答案】B 【详解】句意：海伦正在制定今年夏天去养老院工作的计划。 考查非谓语动词。此处用动词不定式“to work”表示要去做的事情，修饰“plans”，作后置定语。故选B。 11．What is the best way ________ out the math problem? A．work B．working C．to work D．to working 【答案】C 【详解】句意：解决这道数学题的最好方法是什么？ 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处应用非谓语动词，根据“What is the best way…out the math problem?”的语境可知，此处用不定式结构，作后置定语，修饰“the best way”。故选C。 12．— Would you like to go to the bookshop with me tomorrow? — I’d love to, but I have some housework ________. A．do                      B．doing C．to do 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你明天想和我去书店吗？——我想去，但是我有一些家务要做。 考查非谓语动词。根据“I have some housework”可知，此处应用动词不定式，在句中作定语。故选C。 13．The last person ________ the room should close the door behind him. A．enter B．enters C．to enter D．entering 【答案】C 【详解】句意：最后一个进房间的人应该关上身后的门。 考查非谓语动词。enter进入，动词原形；enters进入，第三人称单数形式；to enter进入，动词不定式；entering进入，动名词或现在分词形式。根据前面的“The last”和选项可知，应用动词不定式to enter，the last ... to do sth“最后一个做某事的……”。故选C。 14．In 1908 Lord Northcliffe offered a prize of £ 1,000 to the first man ________ across the English Channel. A．flying B．flew C．to fly D．to be flying 【答案】C 【详解】句意：1908年，诺斯克利夫勋爵向第一个飞越英吉利海峡的人提供1000英镑的奖金。 考查后置定语。the first man to do sth，意为“第一个做某事的人”，所以应使用不定式形式作为后置定语。故选C。 15．It’s time ________ happiness again. A．grow B．grew C．to grow D．growing 【答案】C 【详解】句意：是时候再次培育幸福了。 考查非谓语动词。It’s time to do sth“到做某事的时间了”，此处应用不定式to grow。故选C。 16．Timmy is the first ________ home today. A．get B．gets C．getting D．to get 【答案】D 【详解】句意：Timmy是今天第一个到家的人。 考查非谓语动词。此句为“the first to do sth”结构，表示“第一个做某事的人”。空处填get的不定式to get，作后置定语。故选D。 三、选词填空（共5小题，每小题1分，共5分） 将方框中所给词 (词组) 的适当形式填入短文中，每词仅用一次。 pollute   surprise  he   good    prize When Boyan was 16 years old, he was diving in a sea. He was 1 to see more plastic bags than fish in the sea. He made up his mind to clean up the ocean. However, everyone told 2 that he could do nothing if plastic bags went into the ocean. The teenager didn’t give up. He spent several months studying plastic 3 . At last, he came up with a science project to collect the waste. What’s more, the collected plastic bags can be recycled and made into products or oil. He won many 4 for the project, but that was not enough for him. He wanted to clean up the ocean to make our world a 5 place. 【答案】1．surprised 2．him 3．pollution 4．prizes 5．better 【详解】本文介绍了青少年Boyan为清理海洋塑料垃圾所做的努力以及他取得的成果。 1．句意：他惊讶地看到塑料袋比海里的鱼还多。根据“more plastic bags than fish in the sea”可知看到塑料袋比海里的鱼还多，应该是很惊讶的，空处应填形容词surprised“惊讶的”作表语修饰主语he。故填surprised。 2．句意：然而，每个人都告诉他，如果塑料袋掉进海里，他什么也做不了。根据后文“he could do nothing”可知此处指“他”，在动词told后作宾语，用宾格him。故填him。 3．句意：他花了几个月的时间研究塑料污染。根据后文“he came up with a science project to collect the waste.”及备选词可知此处指塑料污染，空处应填名词，pollute的名词形式是pollution。故填pollution。 4．句意：他为这个项目赢得了许多奖项，但这对他来说还不够。根据“He won many ... for the project”可知，他因为这个项目赢得了很多奖项，prize“奖”，many后加复数。故填prizes。 5．句意：他想清理海洋，让我们的世界变得更美好。根据“He wanted to clean up the ocean to make our world a ... place.”可知，他清理海洋是为了让世界变成一个更好的地方。better“更好的”，形容词修饰名词place。故填better。 四、完形填空（共10小题，每小题1分，共10分） There are many volunteers who try their best to protect the environment around us. Xu Haiou, a 62-year-old woman, is one of them. Xu has spent most of her life 1 environmental protection work in Beihai, Guangxi. In her free time, she takes a(n) 2 part in volunteer activities such as cleaning beaches, protecting migratory birds (候鸟), and recycling kitchen waste. About 20 years ago, Xu 3 her own organisation to protect the environment. Her organisation is a non-profit (非营利的) social organisation offering volunteer work in Beihai. It 4 all kinds of volunteer activities. In 2008, the organisation 5 a sea life protection program. Xu and the other members of the team organised a number of volunteer activities. People could 6 sea animals and plants in these activities. People could also learn a lot about the 7 of protecting animals and plants. The protection of migratory birds is also important to both Xu and her 8 . In 2010, they joined another program which focused on research into migratory birds. The hard work of Xu’s team in Beihai is 9 . “Doing volunteer work is very important, because it makes a big 10 . Protecting the environment is very hard work, which can’t be done by only one or two people. I hope more people can join us in protecting the environment than before.” 1．A．supporting B．fighting C．entering D．picking 2．A．amazing B．local C．active D．poor 3．A．taught B．started C．watched D．cut 4．A．organised B．raised C．missed D．carried 5．A．wasted B．crossed C．joined D．moved 6．A．look up B．learn about C．try out D．get on 7．A．importance B．silence C．voice D．independence 8．A．classmates B．teammates C．relatives D．visitors 9．A．healthy B．old C．expensive D．valuable 10．A．mess B．mistake C．difference D．decision 【答案】 1．A 2．C 3．B 4．A 5．C 6．B 7．A 8．B 9．D 10．C 【详解】本文主要介绍了环境保护者徐海鸥的事迹。 1．句意：徐一生大部分时间都在支持广西北海的环境保护工作。 supporting支持；fighting斗争；entering进入；picking摘。根据“environmental protection work”可知，此处表示徐海鸥支持环境保护工作。故选A。 2．句意：闲暇时，她积极参加清洁海滩、保护候鸟、回收厨余垃圾等志愿者活动。 amazing令人惊奇的；local当地的；active积极的；poor贫穷的。根据“takes a(n)...part in”可知，此处表示积极参加。故选C。 3．句意：大约20年前，徐创办了自己的环保组织。 taught教；started创办；watched观看；cut切。根据“organization”可知，此处表示创办了组织。故选B。 4．句意：它组织了各种各样的志愿者活动。 organised组织；raised筹集；missed想念；carried携带。根据“all kinds of volunteer activities”可知，此处表示组织各种各样的志愿者活动。故选A。 5．句意：2008年，该组织加入了一项海洋生物保护计划。 wasted浪费；crossed跨过；joined加入；moved移动。根据“a sea life protection program”可知，此处表示加入了一项海洋生物保护计划。故选C。 6．句意：人们可以在这些活动中了解海洋动物和植物。 look up查阅；learn about了解；try out试验；get on上（车）。根据“sea animals and plants”可知，此处表示了解海洋动物和植物。故选B。 7．句意：人们也可以学到很多关于保护动物和植物的重要性。 importance重要性；silence沉默；voice声音；independence独立。根据“the...of protecting animals and plants”可知，此处表示保护动物和植物的重要性。故选A。 8．句意：保护候鸟对徐和她的队友来说也很重要。 classmates同学；teammates队友；relatives亲属；visitors游客。根据“Xu and the other members of the team organized a...of volunteer activities.”可知，徐海鸥和她的团队组织了很多志愿者活动，所以此处表示保护候鸟对徐海鸥和她的队友来说也很重要。故选B。 9．句意：徐的团队在北海的辛勤工作是有价值的。 healthy健康的；old旧的；expensive昂贵的；valuable有价值的。根据语境可知，此处表示徐海鸥他们团队的工作是很有价值的。故选D。 10．句意：做志愿者工作非常重要，因为它会产生很大的影响。 mess混乱；mistake错误；difference不同；decision决定。make a big difference意为“产生很大的影响”。故选C。 五、短文填空（共10小题，每小题1分，共10分） 根据短文内容及所给提示，在文中的空白处填写一个正确的单词。 Yeshe Dolkar still remembers the moment she saw snow leopards (雪豹) near the Sanjiangyuan National Nature Reserve a year ago. On a cold snowy day, the girl was walking down a mountaintop with her family 1 they saw two snow leopards near the Lancang River. Many wild animals living in the area are in danger. Since the middle of the 2 (twenty) century, the area of snow, grasslands and lakes in Sanjiangyuan has become smaller because of 3 (human). 4 (protect) the area and the wildlife, China set up Sanjiangyuan National Nature Reserve in 2000. Over the last 20 years, the number of wild animals has become larger and larger. 5 least 1, 000 snow leopards can be found in the area. Local people have improved their understanding about environmental protection and have tried hard to look after the 6 (beauty) environment in Sanjiangyuan over the years. In Nangqian County, local people mostly dig the Chinese caterpillar fungus (冬虫夏草) in grasslands for a living. In the past they carried food with them in plastic (塑料的) bags and 7 (leave) the bags behind. But now people always take food waste down the mountains, according to Palden Wangchuk, 8 18-year-old young man. “The local government often invites people to pick up waste on the grasslands. 9 the help of the local government and people, the grasslands have put on a new look, ” he said. “We should 10 (act) to protect our home and keep on living with nature in harmony (和谐),” Palden Wangchuk added. 【答案】 1．when/as 2．twentieth 3．humans 4．To protect 5．At 6．beautiful 7．left 8．an 9．With 10．act 【详解】本文主要介绍了三江源国家级自然保护区设立后，当地自然环境的变化。 1．句意：在那个寒冷的雪天，女孩和家人正从山顶往下走，这时他们在澜沧江附近看到了两只雪豹。根据“On a cold snowy day, the girl was walking down a mountaintop with her family...they saw two snow leopards near the Lancang River.”可知，此处应用when/as引导时间状语从句，表示“当……时”。故填when/as。 2．句意：自20世纪中叶以来，由于人类的影响，三江源地区的积雪、草原和湖泊面积已经变小了。根据“Since the middle of...(twenty) century”可知，此处应用序数词表示“二十世纪”。故填twentieth。 3．句意：自20世纪中叶以来，由于人类的影响，三江源地区的积雪、草原和湖泊面积已经变小了。human表示“人类”时，是可数名词，此处是表示“人类（群体）”这一概念，且空前没有限定词，应用其复数形式humans。故填humans。 4．句意：为了保护该地区和野生动物，中国于2000年建立了三江源国家级自然保护区。根据“...(protect) the area and the wildlife, China set up Sanjiangyuan National Nature Reserve in 2000.”可知，此处应用动词不定式to protect表示目的，位于句首首字母大写。故填To protect。 5．句意：在这一区域，至少能发现一千只雪豹。at least 意为“至少”，常用搭配，位于句首首字母大写。故填At。 6．句意：多年来，当地民众已经提高了他们对于环境保护的认知，并努力去关注三江源地区的美丽环境。此处应用形容词修饰名词environment，beauty的形容词形式是beautiful。故填beautiful。 7．句意：在过去，他们把食物装在塑料袋里随身携带，并把袋子留下了。根据“In the past they carried...”可知，该句时态为一般过去时，故and后面的动词应保持一致语态，leave的过去式是left。故填left。 8．句意：但据18岁的年轻人帕尔登·旺楚克说，现在人们总是把食物垃圾带到山下。此处需填不定冠词，表示“一个18岁的年轻人”，18-year-old的发音以元音音素开头，应用不定冠词an。故填an。 9．句意：他说：“当地政府经常邀请人们到草原上捡垃圾。在当地政府和民众的帮助下，草原已经焕然一新。with the help of...意为“在……的帮助下”，常用短语，位于句首首字母大写。故填With。 10．句意：帕尔登·旺楚克补充道：“我们应该行动起来保护我们的家园，继续与自然和谐共处。” 情态动词should后接动词原形，act是动词原形。故填act。 六、阅读理解（共17小题，每小题2分，共34分） （A） 1．When is International Coastal Cleanup Day? A．On September 10th. B．On September 17th. C．On October 1st. D．On September 15th. 2．What are the volunteers expected to do? A．To collect trash on the beach. B．To look after sea animals. C．To give away bags to tourists. D．To enjoy the beauty of the beach. 3．In which category (类别) can we find the text?? A．News. B．Travel. C．Study. D．Environment. 【答案】42．B 43．A 44．D 【详解】本文主要介绍了有关国际海岸清洁日的相关活动的广告。 1．细节理解题。根据“When?”中的信息“Saturday, September 17th at 8:00 a.m.”可知，国际海岸清洁日是9月17日， 故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“What?”中的信息“You can work on your own or as a team to collect as much trash from our beautiful beach as possible.”可知，志愿者要收集海滩上的垃圾，故选A。 3．推理判断题。根据文章的理解可知，主要是介绍有关国际海岸清洁日的相关活动的广告，是关于环境的，故选D。 （B） Recently, when you are hiking up Mount Tai in Shandong Province, you may see a special kind of robot dog. The robot dog has been used to collect rubbish and remind tourists to protect the environment by sending voice messages. It was reported that in 2024, the number of visitors to Mount Tai reached over 8 million, leading to increasing difficulties in collecting rubbish and transportation. “According to the latest technology and the experience of other scenic areas, we believe the most useful ways are drone (无人机) transportation and robot transportation,” a staff member in Mount Tai said. A kind of robot dog was chosen to work together to do rubbish transportation tests in Mount Tai. The marketing manager said that the robot dog with four legs has excellent abilities to walk on the stairs, keep balance on wet or difficult ground and even show great balance while climbing the mountain. Also, it can cross things in the way and get over things like stones and steps as high as 40 cm. Another great thing about it is that it can work for 4—6 hours and carry a weight of 120 kg at most. After being tested for three days, the robot dog was able to get used to over 80% of the road conditions in Mount Tai. “We are still in the testing stage, and we will further improve the design (设计) to start the next round of testing as soon as possible,” the marketing manager said. 1．The robot dog in Mount Tai is used for ______. A．helping the old people climb the mountain B．taking the place of the cleaners in Mount Tai C．telling people the latest technology D．collecting rubbish and helping people realise the importance of protecting the environment 2．What caused the use of the robot dog in Mount Tai? A．The needs of companies. B．The cost of the robot dog. C．The abilities of the robot dog. D．The similar experience and newest technology. 3．Which of the following are the robot dog’s abilities? ① It can walk well on the steps. ② It can avoid being stopped by a stone. ③ It can work more than 6 hours. ④ It can hold at most 120 kg. A．①②③ B．②③④ C．①②④ D．①②③④ 4．What is the passage mainly about? A．The technology of improving tourist experiences. B．The challenges of using robots for environmental protection. C．The introduction of a new type of robot dog about collecting rubbish. D．How to test the robot dog in Mount Tai by the workers. 【答案】1．D 2．D 3．C 4．C 【详解】本文主要介绍了泰山上用于收集垃圾的机器狗。 1． 细节理解题。根据“The robot dog has been used to collect rubbish and remind tourists to protect the environment by sending voice messages.”可知，这只机器狗被用于收集垃圾，并通过发送语音消息提醒游客保护环境。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据“ ‘According to the latest technology and the experience of other scenic areas, we believe the most useful ways are drone transportation and robot transportation,’ a staff member in Mount Tai said.”可知，根据最新技术和其他景区的经验，泰山的工作人员认为最有效的方式是无人机运输和机器人运输，这是泰山使用机器狗的原因。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据“the robot dog with four legs has excellent abilities to walk on the stairs... get over things like stones...it can work for 4—6 hours and carry a weight of 120 kg at most”可知，机器狗在台阶上走得很好，它可以避免被石头挡住，它能装载最多120千克。故选C。 4．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了泰山上用于收集垃圾的机器狗。故选C。 （C） Plastics are used everywhere in our daily lives, from toothbrushes to furniture. However, only 9% of plastic waste is recycled. Most of it is either burned, releasing harmful gases, or thrown into landfills and oceans. In the ocean, plastics can take hundreds of years to break down, harming sea animals. To solve this problem, scientists have created a new type of plastic that breaks down safely in seawater. Some plastics, called biodegradable plastics, are designed to break down naturally. However, in the ocean, they often turn into tiny pieces known as microplastics. These microplastics are eaten by fish and other sea creatures, entering the food chain and eventually reaching humans. Studies show that by 2050, there could be more plastics than fish in the ocean by weight. Microplastics have even been found in drinking water and fruits like apples. A team of Japanese scientists has created a new type of plastic that solves these problems. Unlike traditional plastics, this material completely dissolves in seawater within hours. When it breaks down, it turns into harmless things that bacteria (细菌) can naturally process. Tests also show it disappears in soil in about 10 days. Importantly, it is non-toxic (无毒的) and does not catch fire easily, making it safer for both people and the environment. This new type of plastic is not only eco-friendly but also practical. It can be heated and shaped into hard surfaces for medical tools or soft materials for packaging. It even works in 3D printing, allowing for creative uses. “Our new type of plastic is strong, recyclable, and leaves no microplastics behind,” said Dr Takuzo Aida, the lead researcher. This invention offers hope for reducing plastic pollution. By replacing traditional plastics with this new material, we can protect the environment and marine life more effectively. 1．Why did scientists develop the new type of plastic? A．To make plastic products more colourful. B．To make plastics break down slowly. C．To solve the problem of plastic pollution. D．To replace biodegradable plastics completely. 2．Why are microplastics dangerous according to the passage? A．They make the ocean water smell and taste bad. B．They enter the food chain and harm humans. C．They change the colour of plastic products. D．They make fish grow faster and stronger. 3．What does the underlined word “dissolves” mean in Paragraph 3? A．catches harmful things B．breaks down completely C．floats and appears on water D．changes colour and shape 4．How does the author explain the problem of traditional plastics? A．By listing historical events. B．By comparing old and new plastics. C．By describing personal experiences. D．By using scientific theories only. 5．Which is the best title for the passage? A．The History of Plastic Production B．How to Recycle Plastic Waste C．A New Type of Plastic to Fight Pollution D．The Danger of 3D Printing 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．B 4．B 5．C 【详解】本文介绍了日本科学家研发出一种新型塑料，它能在短时间内分解为无害物质，从而解决传统塑料和可降解塑料带来的污染问题。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“To solve this problem, scientists have created a new type of plastic that breaks down safely in seawater.”可知，科学家研发新型塑料是为了解决塑料污染问题。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段“These microplastics are eaten by fish and other sea creatures, entering the food chain and eventually reaching humans.”可知，微塑料进入食物链，最终危害人类。故选B。 3．词句猜测题。根据第三段“this material completely dissolves in seawater within hours. When it breaks down, it turns into harmless things”可知，这种材料在几小时内就能完全溶解在海水中，dissolves指“分解、溶解”。故选B。 4．推理判断题。根据文章内容“...Unlike traditional plastics, this material completely....This new type of plastic is not only eco-friendly but also practica...”可知，全文通过对比传统塑料（污染大、分解慢）与新型塑料（快速分解、环保）展开论述。故选B。 5．最佳标题题。本文主要讲述了新型塑料如何帮助解决污染问题，最合适的标题是“A New Type of Plastic to Fight Pollution”。故选C。 （D） The Shenzhen Book City Bay Area Store, called the “Eye of the Bay Area”, has won a big award. It was awarded the MUSE Design Awards Platinum Winner. This award started in 2015. The International Awards Associate (IAA) made this award to praise the best designers in the world. It’s very renowned in the design world. It shows great work in many areas like building design and interior design (室内设计). This bookstore is in Phases 2 and 3 of Haibin Square in Bao’an. It was planned to be finished at the end of 2024. And it will open to everyone in 2025. When it’s done, its floor area will reach about 131,000 square meters. It will have two floors above the ground and two floors under the ground. The bookstore is not just for buying books. It’s a place where people can learn and have fun with different cultures. Its design is special. It looks like two jade plates (玉盘). This design mixes Chinese and Lingnan styles well. There will be lots of green spaces. These green spaces will make a nice place where city life and nature are together. Also, the design uses low-carbon ideas. For example, it makes the building layout (布局) better, uses more natural light and air, and has more plants. All these make people feel good when they come to the bookstore. 1．What is the purpose (目的) of MUSE Design Awards? A．To increase the sales of books. B．To support the development of green spaces. C．To encourage more people to visit bookstores. D．To honour the best designers around the world. 2．What does the underlined word “renowned” mean? A．New. B．Quiet. C．Famous. D．Expensive. 3．How many floors will the bookstore have? A．Two. B．Three. C．Four. D．Six. 4．What can we infer from the passage? A．The award is not important at all. B．The bookstore will be very small. C．The design of the bookstore is simple. D．The bookstore’s design is environmentally friendly. 5．Where is this passage probably from? A．A storybook. B．A newspaper. C．A science report. D．A fashion magazine. 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．C 4．D 5．B 【详解】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲了有“湾区之眼”之称的深圳书城湾区店获MUSE设计奖铂金奖，还说明了该奖项背景、书店的位置、预计建成开放时间、规模、兼具学习娱乐功能的定位及融合中国岭南风格、含绿色空间、采用低碳理念的特色设计。 1．细节理解题。根据“The International Awards Associate (IAA) made this award to praise the best designers in the world.”可知，MUSE设计奖的设立目的是表彰世界上最优秀的设计师。故选D。 2．词句猜测题。根据“It was awarded the MUSE Design Awards Platinum Winner. This award started in 2015. The International Awards Associate (IAA) made this award to praise the best designers in the world.”可知，该奖项由国际奖项协会设立，旨在表彰世界上最优秀的设计师，由此可推测它在设计界“有名”，“renowned”意为“著名的”。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据“It will have two floors above the ground and two floors under the ground.”可知，这家书店将有地上两层和地下两层，总共四层。故选C。 4．推理判断题。根据“Also, the design uses low-carbon ideas. For example, it makes the building layout (布局) better, uses more natural light and air, and has more plants.”可知，书店的设计采用了低碳理念，比如优化建筑布局、利用更多自然光和空气以及种植更多植物，由此可推断书店的设计是环保的。故选D。 5．推理判断题。文章主要介绍了深圳书城湾区店获得MUSE设计奖铂金奖、书店的位置、预计建成和开放时间、规模以及设计特点等信息，这类关于具体场所的新闻性内容，最可能来自报纸。故选B。 七、任务型阅读（共5小题，每小题2分，共10分） 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容回答问题。 Recently, a photo of a father called Daming and his son Dongshun became hot all over China. In the photo, while they are working on the boat on Dongting Lake, lots of fish are jumping into the fish bin. Dongting Lake is the second largest freshwater (淡水) lake in China. It’s home to more than 100 kinds of fishes. But in the past, people threw litter and factories put waste water into the lake. Even worse, a large number of fish were caught by fishermen. Because of pollution and overfishing (过度捕捞), Dongting Lake, and even the whole Changjiang River, were in great danger. For example, the Chinese paddlefish (白鲟) have disappeared since 2003. Daming used to make a living by fishing near Dongting Lake. However, life was gradually becoming difficult for Daming and other fishermen. The more times they went to fish, the fewer fish they could get. In January 2020, the government called for a 10-year fishing ban, covering many conservation areas (保护区) in the Changjiang River. Dongshun has worked with his father as a lake ranger on Dongting Lake for years. This job helps him understand how important it is to protect Dongting Lake. “I think this job is meaningful,” he said. “As the wind is blowing gently, fish are swimming happily. What a beautiful scene! The 10-year fishing ban will lead Dongting Lake to a better future.” 1．Why was the Changjiang River in great danger in the past according to the passage? 2．How did Daming use to make a living? 3．What did the government call for in January 2020? 4．What is Dongshun’s job now? 5．What do you think of Dongting Lake’s future?  (自拟一句话作答) 【答案】1．Because of pollution and overfishing. 2．By fishing near Dongting Lake. 3．A 10-year fishing ban. 4．A lake ranger. 5．I think it will be better. 【详解】本文是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲述了洞庭湖及长江过去因污染和过度捕捞陷入危机，2020年1月政府实施十年禁渔令后，大明和儿子东顺作为湖泊管理员保护洞庭湖，以及洞庭湖未来有望变得更好的情况。 1．根据文中“Because of pollution and overfishing (过度捕捞), Dongting Lake, and even the whole Changjiang River, were in great danger.”可知，由于污染和过度捕捞，洞庭湖，甚至整个长江，都处于极大的危险之中，故填Because of pollution and overfishing. 2．根据文中“Daming used to make a living by fishing near Dongting Lake.”可知，大明过去靠在洞庭湖附近捕鱼为生，故填By fishing near Dongting Lake. 3．根据文中“In January 2020, the government called for a 10-year fishing ban”可知，2020年1月，政府呼吁实施为期10年的禁渔令，故填A 10-year fishing ban. 4．根据文中“Dongshun has worked with his father as a lake ranger on Dongting Lake for years.”可知，东顺和父亲一起在洞庭湖做了多年的湖泊管理员，故填A lake ranger. 5．开放性作答，结合实际，言之有理即可。参考答案为：I think it will be better. 八、补全对话（共5小题，每小题2分，共10分） 根据下面对话中的情境，在每个空白处填入一个适当的单词，使对话恢复完整。 (May and Jane are talking at school.) May: Help me, Jane. I got to organise the school Clean-up Day, but I don’t know what to do. Jane: 1 May: Ms Robert organised it last year. Jane: 2 It’s a good idea to learn what she did. May: OK, I will ask Ms Robert. But I need to get started today. How should I tell other students about the event? Jane: 3 Everyone sees the school calendar. May: Great idea! What else should I do? Jane: 4 Put signs on the rubbish bins to remind students not to drop litter. I can help you with that. May: That’s clever. If we start keeping the school clean, there’ll be less work to do on Clean-up Day. Jane: That’s right! And one more thing, you might try talking to teachers. 5 May: Good advice, Jane. Thank you! 【答案】1．Who organised it last year? 2．You should ask her for some advice. 3．You’d better put it on the school calendar. 4．Why not get students to clean before the event? 5．Ask them to tell their students about the event. 【详解】本对话是May和Jane关于如何组织学校清洁日。Jane给May提供了很多有用的建议。 1．根据“May: Ms Robert organised it last year.”可推知，Jane在询问去年是谁组织的活动。故填Who organised it last year? 2．根据“It’s a good idea to learn what she did.”可推知，Jane建议May向Ms Robert寻求建议。故填You should ask her for some advice. 3．根据“Everyone sees the school calendar.”可推知，Jane建议将活动信息放在校历上。故填You’d better put it on the school calendar. 4．根据“That’s clever. If we start keeping the school clean, there’ll be less work to do on Clean-up Day.”可推知，此处建议在活动前就开始清洁。故填Why not get students to clean before the event? 5．根据“And one more thing, you might try talking to teachers.”可推知，此处应提出老师能为大扫除做的事情，比如说让老师通知学生。故填Ask them to tell their students about the event. 1 / 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 8 Protecting the environment 单元重点单词短语句型语法精练 （时间：60分钟，满分：100分） 一、英汉互译（共5小题，每小题1分，共5分） 1. be harmful to ______________ 2. get worse _______________ 3.agree to do ______________ 4. 剩余的 _______________ 5. 大量；无数 ______________ 2、 单项选择（共16小题，每小题1分，共16分） 1．I feel much ________ today. I think I’ll go to work. A．better B．worst C．best D．worse 2．Ella wants rice ________ chicken for lunch. A．go with B．to go with C．going with D．goes with 3．The park is a good place ________ fun. A．have B．having C．to have D．has 4．In the end, they came up with a good idea ______ the poor man. A．help B．to help C．helping 5．I think the best way ________ is through exercise. A．to relax B．relax C．relaxing D．relaxed 6．—I think the Water Park is a good place ________ fun. —I agree with you. A．have B．having C．to have D．had 7．She needed a clear head to ________ her work. A．come out B．put out   C．carry out D．run out 8．The Mid-Autumn Festival is a good time for Chinese families ________ together. A．getting B．got C．to getting D．to get 9．Zhang Lei is a good student and he is always the first ________ school in his class. A．to get to B．get to C．gets to D．getting to 10．Helen is making some plans _________ in an old people’s home this summer. A．working B．to work C．works 11．What is the best way ________ out the math problem? A．work B．working C．to work D．to working 12．— Would you like to go to the bookshop with me tomorrow? — I’d love to, but I have some housework ________. A．do                      B．doing C．to do 13．The last person ________ the room should close the door behind him. A．enter B．enters C．to enter D．entering 14．In 1908 Lord Northcliffe offered a prize of £ 1,000 to the first man ________ across the English Channel. A．flying B．flew C．to fly D．to be flying 15．It’s time ________ happiness again. A．grow B．grew C．to grow D．growing 16．Timmy is the first ________ home today. A．get B．gets C．getting D．to get 三、选词填空（共5小题，每小题1分，共5分） 将方框中所给词 (词组) 的适当形式填入短文中，每词仅用一次。 pollute   surprise  he   good    prize When Boyan was 16 years old, he was diving in a sea. He was 1 to see more plastic bags than fish in the sea. He made up his mind to clean up the ocean. However, everyone told 2 that he could do nothing if plastic bags went into the ocean. The teenager didn’t give up. He spent several months studying plastic 3 . At last, he came up with a science project to collect the waste. What’s more, the collected plastic bags can be recycled and made into products or oil. He won many 4 for the project, but that was not enough for him. He wanted to clean up the ocean to make our world a 5 place. 四、完形填空（共10小题，每小题1分，共10分） There are many volunteers who try their best to protect the environment around us. Xu Haiou, a 62-year-old woman, is one of them. Xu has spent most of her life 1 environmental protection work in Beihai, Guangxi. In her free time, she takes a(n) 2 part in volunteer activities such as cleaning beaches, protecting migratory birds (候鸟), and recycling kitchen waste. About 20 years ago, Xu 3 her own organisation to protect the environment. Her organisation is a non-profit (非营利的) social organisation offering volunteer work in Beihai. It 4 all kinds of volunteer activities. In 2008, the organisation 5 a sea life protection program. Xu and the other members of the team organised a number of volunteer activities. People could 6 sea animals and plants in these activities. People could also learn a lot about the 7 of protecting animals and plants. The protection of migratory birds is also important to both Xu and her 8 . In 2010, they joined another program which focused on research into migratory birds. The hard work of Xu’s team in Beihai is 9 . “Doing volunteer work is very important, because it makes a big 10 . Protecting the environment is very hard work, which can’t be done by only one or two people. I hope more people can join us in protecting the environment than before.” 1．A．supporting B．fighting C．entering D．picking 2．A．amazing B．local C．active D．poor 3．A．taught B．started C．watched D．cut 4．A．organised B．raised C．missed D．carried 5．A．wasted B．crossed C．joined D．moved 6．A．look up B．learn about C．try out D．get on 7．A．importance B．silence C．voice D．independence 8．A．classmates B．teammates C．relatives D．visitors 9．A．healthy B．old C．expensive D．valuable 10．A．mess B．mistake C．difference D．decision 五、短文填空（共10小题，每小题1分，共10分） 根据短文内容及所给提示，在文中的空白处填写一个正确的单词。 Yeshe Dolkar still remembers the moment she saw snow leopards (雪豹) near the Sanjiangyuan National Nature Reserve a year ago. On a cold snowy day, the girl was walking down a mountaintop with her family 1 they saw two snow leopards near the Lancang River. Many wild animals living in the area are in danger. Since the middle of the 2 (twenty) century, the area of snow, grasslands and lakes in Sanjiangyuan has become smaller because of 3 (human). 4 (protect) the area and the wildlife, China set up Sanjiangyuan National Nature Reserve in 2000. Over the last 20 years, the number of wild animals has become larger and larger. 5 least 1, 000 snow leopards can be found in the area. Local people have improved their understanding about environmental protection and have tried hard to look after the 6 (beauty) environment in Sanjiangyuan over the years. In Nangqian County, local people mostly dig the Chinese caterpillar fungus (冬虫夏草) in grasslands for a living. In the past they carried food with them in plastic (塑料的) bags and 7 (leave) the bags behind. But now people always take food waste down the mountains, according to Palden Wangchuk, 8 18-year-old young man. “The local government often invites people to pick up waste on the grasslands. 9 the help of the local government and people, the grasslands have put on a new look, ” he said. “We should 10 (act) to protect our home and keep on living with nature in harmony (和谐),” Palden Wangchuk added. 六、阅读理解（共17小题，每小题2分，共34分） （A） 1．When is International Coastal Cleanup Day? A．On September 10th. B．On September 17th. C．On October 1st. D．On September 15th. 2．What are the volunteers expected to do? A．To collect trash on the beach. B．To look after sea animals. C．To give away bags to tourists. D．To enjoy the beauty of the beach. 3．In which category (类别) can we find the text?? A．News. B．Travel. C．Study. D．Environment. （B） Recently, when you are hiking up Mount Tai in Shandong Province, you may see a special kind of robot dog. The robot dog has been used to collect rubbish and remind tourists to protect the environment by sending voice messages. It was reported that in 2024, the number of visitors to Mount Tai reached over 8 million, leading to increasing difficulties in collecting rubbish and transportation. “According to the latest technology and the experience of other scenic areas, we believe the most useful ways are drone (无人机) transportation and robot transportation,” a staff member in Mount Tai said. A kind of robot dog was chosen to work together to do rubbish transportation tests in Mount Tai. The marketing manager said that the robot dog with four legs has excellent abilities to walk on the stairs, keep balance on wet or difficult ground and even show great balance while climbing the mountain. Also, it can cross things in the way and get over things like stones and steps as high as 40 cm. Another great thing about it is that it can work for 4—6 hours and carry a weight of 120 kg at most. After being tested for three days, the robot dog was able to get used to over 80% of the road conditions in Mount Tai. “We are still in the testing stage, and we will further improve the design (设计) to start the next round of testing as soon as possible,” the marketing manager said. 1．The robot dog in Mount Tai is used for ______. A．helping the old people climb the mountain B．taking the place of the cleaners in Mount Tai C．telling people the latest technology D．collecting rubbish and helping people realise the importance of protecting the environment 2．What caused the use of the robot dog in Mount Tai? A．The needs of companies. B．The cost of the robot dog. C．The abilities of the robot dog. D．The similar experience and newest technology. 3．Which of the following are the robot dog’s abilities? ① It can walk well on the steps. ② It can avoid being stopped by a stone. ③ It can work more than 6 hours. ④ It can hold at most 120 kg. A．①②③ B．②③④ C．①②④ D．①②③④ 4．What is the passage mainly about? A．The technology of improving tourist experiences. B．The challenges of using robots for environmental protection. C．The introduction of a new type of robot dog about collecting rubbish. D．How to test the robot dog in Mount Tai by the workers. （C） Plastics are used everywhere in our daily lives, from toothbrushes to furniture. However, only 9% of plastic waste is recycled. Most of it is either burned, releasing harmful gases, or thrown into landfills and oceans. In the ocean, plastics can take hundreds of years to break down, harming sea animals. To solve this problem, scientists have created a new type of plastic that breaks down safely in seawater. Some plastics, called biodegradable plastics, are designed to break down naturally. However, in the ocean, they often turn into tiny pieces known as microplastics. These microplastics are eaten by fish and other sea creatures, entering the food chain and eventually reaching humans. Studies show that by 2050, there could be more plastics than fish in the ocean by weight. Microplastics have even been found in drinking water and fruits like apples. A team of Japanese scientists has created a new type of plastic that solves these problems. Unlike traditional plastics, this material completely dissolves in seawater within hours. When it breaks down, it turns into harmless things that bacteria (细菌) can naturally process. Tests also show it disappears in soil in about 10 days. Importantly, it is non-toxic (无毒的) and does not catch fire easily, making it safer for both people and the environment. This new type of plastic is not only eco-friendly but also practical. It can be heated and shaped into hard surfaces for medical tools or soft materials for packaging. It even works in 3D printing, allowing for creative uses. “Our new type of plastic is strong, recyclable, and leaves no microplastics behind,” said Dr Takuzo Aida, the lead researcher. This invention offers hope for reducing plastic pollution. By replacing traditional plastics with this new material, we can protect the environment and marine life more effectively. 1．Why did scientists develop the new type of plastic? A．To make plastic products more colourful. B．To make plastics break down slowly. C．To solve the problem of plastic pollution. D．To replace biodegradable plastics completely. 2．Why are microplastics dangerous according to the passage? A．They make the ocean water smell and taste bad. B．They enter the food chain and harm humans. C．They change the colour of plastic products. D．They make fish grow faster and stronger. 3．What does the underlined word “dissolves” mean in Paragraph 3? A．catches harmful things B．breaks down completely C．floats and appears on water D．changes colour and shape 4．How does the author explain the problem of traditional plastics? A．By listing historical events. B．By comparing old and new plastics. C．By describing personal experiences. D．By using scientific theories only. 5．Which is the best title for the passage? A．The History of Plastic Production B．How to Recycle Plastic Waste C．A New Type of Plastic to Fight Pollution D．The Danger of 3D Printing （D） The Shenzhen Book City Bay Area Store, called the “Eye of the Bay Area”, has won a big award. It was awarded the MUSE Design Awards Platinum Winner. This award started in 2015. The International Awards Associate (IAA) made this award to praise the best designers in the world. It’s very renowned in the design world. It shows great work in many areas like building design and interior design (室内设计). This bookstore is in Phases 2 and 3 of Haibin Square in Bao’an. It was planned to be finished at the end of 2024. And it will open to everyone in 2025. When it’s done, its floor area will reach about 131,000 square meters. It will have two floors above the ground and two floors under the ground. The bookstore is not just for buying books. It’s a place where people can learn and have fun with different cultures. Its design is special. It looks like two jade plates (玉盘). This design mixes Chinese and Lingnan styles well. There will be lots of green spaces. These green spaces will make a nice place where city life and nature are together. Also, the design uses low-carbon ideas. For example, it makes the building layout (布局) better, uses more natural light and air, and has more plants. All these make people feel good when they come to the bookstore. 1．What is the purpose (目的) of MUSE Design Awards? A．To increase the sales of books. B．To support the development of green spaces. C．To encourage more people to visit bookstores. D．To honour the best designers around the world. 2．What does the underlined word “renowned” mean? A．New. B．Quiet. C．Famous. D．Expensive. 3．How many floors will the bookstore have? A．Two. B．Three. C．Four. D．Six. 4．What can we infer from the passage? A．The award is not important at all. B．The bookstore will be very small. C．The design of the bookstore is simple. D．The bookstore’s design is environmentally friendly. 5．Where is this passage probably from? A．A storybook. B．A newspaper. C．A science report. D．A fashion magazine. 七、任务型阅读（共5小题，每小题2分，共10分） 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容回答问题。 Recently, a photo of a father called Daming and his son Dongshun became hot all over China. In the photo, while they are working on the boat on Dongting Lake, lots of fish are jumping into the fish bin. Dongting Lake is the second largest freshwater (淡水) lake in China. It’s home to more than 100 kinds of fishes. But in the past, people threw litter and factories put waste water into the lake. Even worse, a large number of fish were caught by fishermen. Because of pollution and overfishing (过度捕捞), Dongting Lake, and even the whole Changjiang River, were in great danger. For example, the Chinese paddlefish (白鲟) have disappeared since 2003. Daming used to make a living by fishing near Dongting Lake. However, life was gradually becoming difficult for Daming and other fishermen. The more times they went to fish, the fewer fish they could get. In January 2020, the government called for a 10-year fishing ban, covering many conservation areas (保护区) in the Changjiang River. Dongshun has worked with his father as a lake ranger on Dongting Lake for years. This job helps him understand how important it is to protect Dongting Lake. “I think this job is meaningful,” he said. “As the wind is blowing gently, fish are swimming happily. What a beautiful scene! The 10-year fishing ban will lead Dongting Lake to a better future.” 1．Why was the Changjiang River in great danger in the past according to the passage? 2．How did Daming use to make a living? 3．What did the government call for in January 2020? 4．What is Dongshun’s job now? 5．What do you think of Dongting Lake’s future?  (自拟一句话作答) 八、补全对话（共5小题，每小题2分，共10分） 根据下面对话中的情境，在每个空白处填入一个适当的单词，使对话恢复完整。 (May and Jane are talking at school.) May: Help me, Jane. I got to organise the school Clean-up Day, but I don’t know what to do. Jane: 1 May: Ms Robert organised it last year. Jane: 2 It’s a good idea to learn what she did. May: OK, I will ask Ms Robert. But I need to get started today. How should I tell other students about the event? Jane: 3 Everyone sees the school calendar. May: Great idea! What else should I do? Jane: 4 Put signs on the rubbish bins to remind students not to drop litter. I can help you with that. May: That’s clever. If we start keeping the school clean, there’ll be less work to do on Clean-up Day. Jane: That’s right! And one more thing, you might try talking to teachers. 5 May: Good advice, Jane. Thank you! 1 / 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $