专题03 阅读理解（说明文）（期中真题汇编，湖南专用）八年级英语上学期

专题03 阅读理解 说明文 主题01 人与自我——健康与生活方式 Passage 1 （23-24八年级上·湖南省株洲市天元区·期中） Being healthy means a person eats well, gets a lot of exercise, and has a healthy weight. Here are some rules for a kid who wants to be healthy. Try your best to follow the rules. Eat All Kinds of Food You may have your favorite food, but the best choice is to eat all kinds of food. If you eat different food, you are able to get the things your body needs. Drink Water and Milk When you’re really thirsty, cold water is the best. And there’s a reason some schools offer milk. Kids need calcium to build strong body, and milk is a great choice. Listen to Your Body When you’re eating, notice how your body feels and whether your stomach feels comfortably full. Sometimes people eat too much because they don’t notice when they need to stop eating. Eating too much can make you feel uncomfortable. Limit Screen Time What’s screen time? It’s the amount of time you spend watching TV, playing video games and using the computer. The more time spend on these sitting-down activities, the less time for active exercise. 1．If a kid wants to be healthy, how many rules he could follow? A．Two B．Three C．Four 2．According to the passage, ________can build strong body. A．water B．milk C．juice 3．________ can make you feel uncomfortable. A．Exercising 100 much B．Sleeping too much C．Eating too much 4．What is the passage mainly about? A．How to exercise. B．How to follow the rule. C．How to keep healthy. Passage 2 （23-24八年级上·湖南省永州市冷水滩区第十六中学·期中） There are 45 students in our class. I have made a survey. 36 students say they like to exercise. Most boys play basketball together twice a week. But girls think basketball is difficult for them, they’d like to play volleyball together twice a week. My friend, Tony, is good at running. He runs fastest in our class. He runs for 30 minutes on the playground every evening before he goes to bed. Is it interesting? Gray is good at swimming. He goes to the swimming club three times a month in winter and three times a week in summer. So he’s pretty healthy. Some of my classmates have good eating habits. They eat both meat and vegetables. 70% of them drink milk every day. 15 students say they drink milk three or four times a week. But some students like to eat junk food, especially Sally. What’s worse is that she doesn’t like to exercise, so she is very fat. She always says “I’m going to lose weight tomorrow.” 1．How often do most boys play basketball? A．Every day. B．Twice a day. C．Twice a week. 2．Why do the girls dislike to play basketball? A．Because they have no time. B．Because they think it’s not easy. C．Because they don’t like to play with the boys. 3．How often does Gray swim in winter? A．Three times a month. B．Three times a week. C．Hardly ever. 4．Why is Sally so fat? A．Because she doesn’t like to exercise. B．Because she likes to eat junk food very much. C．Both A and B． Passage 3 （22-23八年级上·湖南省常德市安乡县·期中） Fast walking is the exercise between walking and race walking. A study shows that fast walking has become the most popular exercise in China and many people walk more than 5,000 steps a day. The results of the study are from QQ users. About 37% of the people choose fast walking as their favorite exercise; over 23% choose running and more than 14% choose riding bikes. Fast walking and running are easy, cost little and work well, so they are popular. And many people would rather do exercise in nature than go to gyms (健身房). It’s best to walk fast for at least 10 minutes at one time and walk up to 6,000 steps every day. The study also shows that people in Guiyang, Guizhou love sports most. On average (平均), everyone there walks 5,941 steps every day. It seems that people in places with better environment and air are more willing to (更愿意) do sports. 1．Many people in China walk more than ________ steps a day. A．5,000 B．5,941 C．6,000 2．Many people prefer to do exercise ________. A．at home B．in nature C．in the gym 3．The writer probably agrees that ________. A．people live in big cities are more willing to do sports B．fast walking is not difficult, costs little and works well C．it’s bad for people to walk fast for more than 10 minutes at one time 4．We can read this passage in the column (栏目) ________ of a newspaper. A．Mum’s Kitchen B．Music Today C．Health & Sport 主题02 人与自我——社会与教育实践 Passage 1 （23-24八年级上·湖南省长沙市浏阳市·期中） Is there anybody who likes doing housework? Should children help out around the house? For some children, doing housework may be the last thing they want to do. For many parents, getting their children to help with housework is also one big headache. However, Nurafiza, a Malaysian mother found a creative way. Nurafiza came up with a reward (奖励) system for her two sons at home. She made a list (清单) of housework for her kids and gave them money for every task they had finished. The list of housework included cleaning up the house and putting away their toys for RM 50 each, doing the dishes for RM 80, and even not fighting with each other for RM 10 to RM 15. Nurafiza also opened a “mini mart” at home for kids to spend the money in. Her three-year-old and six-year-old sons could buy snacks at her “mini mart” which was open from 10 a. m. to 8 p. m. The money she gave to her kids was fake (假的) cash, which she had bought online. Because of this system, both of her children are glad to help with housework. Her Facebook post has got over 15,000 likes and has been hared over 27,000 times. Many parents have begun to imitate her. They use the same way to discipline (管教) their children. In fact, doing housework plays an important role in children’s development (发展). First, housework teaches children basic skills for living, like cooking and cleaning. Second, doing housework is a good way to exercise children’s bodies. Third, doing housework makes it possible for parents to spend more time with their kids. 1．How does the writer start the passage? A．By telling stories. B．By asking questions. C．By giving an example. 2．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A．Nurafiza’s kids can get RM 50 for doing the dishes. B．Nurafiza’s kids never fight with each other. C．The “mini mart” is open for ten hours a day. 3．What does the underlined word “imitate” mean according to the passage? A．了解 B．模仿 C．鼓励 4．What is the last paragraph mainly about? A．The ways to get children to help with housework. B．The reasons why children should help with housework. C．The important roles children play in their homes. Passage 2 （23-24八年级上·湖南省长沙市浏阳市·期中）Being outgoing is good for your life. Those who are more outgoing like to meet lots of people and have more fun in life. In fact, being outgoing is not so hard as you think. Even shy people can be outgoing. You can start becoming outgoing with your best friend. But the real challenge comes when you meet strangers or new friends. Smile more, and usually they will return your smile. In this way, you may have more talks. Start a talk, and just a simple “Hello!” or “How is it going?” is a good start. If you want to make interesting talks, you should read news in newspapers and prepare your views, or surf the Internet for new information and then keep them in mind. The easiest way to become more outgoing is to go out. This is also the most important step. Go to a park, beach, club, party or any other place that you think can be fun, and you may make new friends. 1．Who can you start becoming outgoing with? A．Parents. B．Teachers. C．Best friends. 2．What is the easiest way to become more outgoing? A．Going out. B．Smiling. C．Talking. 3．What does the underlined word “they” in Paragraph 2 refer to? A．yourself B．your best friend C．strangers or new friends 4．Which is NOT the writer’s idea? A．Being outgoing is really difficult. B．Being outgoing is good for your life. C．Being outgoing helps people have more fun. Passage 3 （23-24八年级上·湖南省长沙市一中集团·期中） In the world, a five-day work week is common. But in some places, people are exploring (探索) the idea of working four days a week. The idea isn’t new, and some companies have been slow to try it. But leaders of some companies may worry that workers can’t finish the work, or that it could have other troubles. Last June, 61 companies in the UK took part in the test of a four-day workweek. They asked their workers to do as much in four days as they usually did in five. The test lasted for six months and turned out to be good for both companies and workers. In general, the workers said the four-day work week made them less tired, and 39% said they felt less stressed. 73% of the workers were more satisfied (满意的) with the time they spent working. According to the results, the number of days when workers were out sick dropped by 65%. 57% fewer people gave up their jobs during the test. At the same time, the companies made more money. The results are so positive (积极的) that 92% of the companies are planning to keep the new schedule (时间表). How did workers do more in less time? Some companies cut meetings, or made the meetings shorter. Others used technologies to help workers get work done quickly. Some companies created the “focus time” so that workers could work carefully. Workers reported that one more day off allowed them to do what they loved. Some people said they were able to get more training or take care of things at home. Others said they were able to spend more time with their family. A four-day work week meant a better working life and family life to people. 1．According to Paragraph 1, leaders of some companies may feel ________ about the idea of a four-day work week. A．worried B．excited C．lucky 2．What did the results of the test show? A．The four-day work week made workers more tired. B．Over half the workers were not satisfied with their jobs. C．Most workers enjoyed working in the four-day work week. 3．How did companies help workers do more in less time? By using technologies.                     By asking others for help. By having fewer and shorter meetings        By having a better working environment. A． B． C． 4．What is the main idea of the passage? A．People are becoming more satisfied with their jobs. B．A four-day work week is good for companies and workers. C．A shorter work week has some advantages and disadvantages. 主题03 人与社会——事物说明文 Passage 1 （24-25八年级上·湖南省长沙市湖南师范大学附属中学教育集团·期中） ①For the fifth year in a row, Finland came in first in the World Happiness Report. This may be surprising to you as Finland is famous for its cold winters and short daylight. Then learn about the people’s life there and you may find the answer. ②In Finland, many people grow up going to the library. “The library is a main part of life for the people here.” Halsas, a tour guide in Finland, said, “They might do schoolwork there or just read. It’s a safe environment.” Perhaps the best example of this in practice is the Oodi Helsinki Central Library, which opened in 2018. The bright, open space has different areas (区域). It was built to be a workspace, but also a living room for people. ③Finns love their saunas (桑拿浴室), and almost every home or apartment has one. Finland has a population of about 5.5 million, and there are over 2 million saunas in the country. “There are more saunas than cars here. In the summertime, I go every day.” Halsas said. Taking saunas is quite good for physical health, such as improving heart health and more. But the best reason to go? It just feels good. ④The people of Finland also love exploring (探索) the outdoors, from their 40 national parks to different islands. It’s no wonder the population loves to go hiking or biking—the landscape (风景) is fantastic. “There is a lot of nature to enjoy.” Halsas said. In winter, life doesn’t change too much from summertime because Finns get used to the cold and still get around on bicycles. To them, winter just means added activities, such as ice skating, cross-country skiing, and dog sledding (乘坐雪橇). 1．When did the Oodi Helsinki Central Library open? A．In 2015. B．In 2018. C．In 2022. 2．Why do Finns love taking saunas according to Paragraph 3? ①Feeling good. ②Easy to find a sauna. ③Good for physical health. ④Improving thinking ability. A．①②③ B．①③④ C．②③④ 3．How does the writer support (支持) his or her idea in Paragraph 4? A．By asking questions. B．By listing numbers. C．By giving examples. 4．What’s the structure(结构) of the text? (①= Paragraph 1, ②= Paragraph2…) A． B． C． Passage 2 （23-24八年级上·湖南师大附中高新实验中学·期中） Imagine (想象) you can have phone calls with your favorite star. Is it exciting? AI humans (人工智能人类) might help with it. Today, AI humans are popular all around the world. As we all know, AI humans now can be like real people. They can do real people’s voices and moves and even copy (模仿) their personalities (性格). But what else can they do? And what can only be done by humans but not AI? AI humans today appear in many ways. They can be idols, vloggers, reporters and more. For example, China Daily (中国日报) has its own AI reporter, Yuanxi. She can speak English and covers the wonderful world of Chinese culture. She can process data (处理数据) fast. This can help the newsroom work faster. In February 2022, Chinese tech company (科技公司) Baidu showed its first AI idol Xi Jiajia. She can change her makeup and how she dresses, and can even do livestreams (直播)! During China Fashion Week in September 2022, Xi Jiajia became famous in an online virtual (虚拟的) fashion show. “Virtual idols could do something that people cannot do in the real world, such as time travel,” said Liu Qian from Baidu. Liu took the AI guide as an example. They can appear to be in different places and from different times in history. But AI humans have their disadvantages. Take Yuanxi as an example, she still doesn’t have much human touch and EQ (情商). These are something that only a real human can have. What’s more, virtual people can’t team up and communicate (交流) with others in real time. 1．What do we know about AI reporter Yuanxi? A．She teaches the cultures of different countries. B．She makes vlogs for China Daily. C．She helps reporters work faster. 2．What made Xi Jiajia famous? A．Wearing real dresses for the fashion show. B．Teaching people how to do makeup online. C．Being in an online virtual fashion show. 3．What’s the meaning of the underline word “disadvantages” in Paragraph 6? A．缺陷 B．特点 C．优势 4．What can be the best title for the passage? A．AI humans in China B．Fantastic AI humans C．Not-all-good AI humans Passage 3 （23-24八年级上·湖南省常德市安乡县·期中） The Asian Games (亚运会), also known as the Asiad, is a regional (区域的) sports event held every four years. Only countries and territories in Asia are eligible (有资格的) to take part in it. The first Asiad was held in New Delhi, India in 1951. Since then, the Games have been held in different cities throughout Asia. The 19th Asian Games, known as the Hangzhou 2022 Asian Games, took place in September, 2023 in Hangzhou, China. It was held a year later than planned because of the Covid-19. At the Games, China finished first on the medal tally (奖牌榜) and got the most gold medals and the most silver medals. The next Asian Games will be held in Nagoya (名古屋), Japan three years later. 1．What is the name of this regional sports event? A．Asiad. B．Asian Olympics. C．Regional Sports. 2．Which country got first in the 19th Asian Games? A．India. B．China. C．Japan. 3．How often are the Asian Games held? A．Every two years. B．Every three years. C．Every four years. 4．When will the 20th Asian Games take place according to the passage? A．In 2026. B．In 2027. C．In 2030. 主题04 人与社会——事理说明文 Passage 1 （23-24八年级上·湖南省株洲市天元区·期中） More and more people in China are now showing parts of their lives to the world by videos on their phones. Some people send videos of personal events like holidays and weddings. Using live streaming (网络直播) is very popular among the people aged 18 to 35. Even the teachers give lessons by live streaming. Besides leaving reviews on the screen, they can also communicate directly with the hosts by buying virtual (虚拟的) gifts such as flowers, toys and cars for them online. What’s more, live streaming allows users to communicate with strangers and express themselves. A 19-year-old college student called Nora Li says she spends three to four hours each week chatting and singing with viewers through one app called Ingkee. “Sometimes I feel lonely and want to talk to people.” she says. “I feel nice when viewers are paying attention to me.” However, there are worries about the misuse of live streaming. Li Jiaqi promised to correct her unsuitable and impolite language after she was warned by the officials. Now there are more than 80 apps and 300 websites for live streaming in China. “We support the use of live streaming. But people should know the two sides of it.” one of the officials said. 1．How do viewers communicate with hosts? A．By chatting and singing on the screen. B．By giving lessons through one app called Dingding. C．By leaving reviews on the screen or buying virtual gifts. 2．Why does Nora Li use live streaming? A．Because she wants to be famous. B．Because she wants to attract more viewers. C．Because she feels lonely and wants to talk with people. 3．The meaning of “misuse” in the fourth paragraph is ________. A．滥用 B．压力 C．号召 4．What can we learn from the passage? A．Live streaming is harmful. B．We should use live streaming properly. C．All Chinese people like the live streaming. Passage 2 （23-24八年级上·湖南师范大学附属中学集团·期中） For people who love reading, there’s nothing better than the smell of an old book. But what makes old books smell the way they do? The paper, ink and glue (胶水) hold hundreds of chemical compounds (化合物). And one of the compounds found a lot in old books is called “lignin (木质素)”. Lignin is found in the trees that paper is made from. As a book gets older, lignin gives off (散发) that smell. But why do people like the smell so much? According to a study from University College London, people think the smell of old books is similar to the smell of chocolate. For the study, scientists created an “old book smell” using fibers (纤维) from a 1928 French book. Seventy-nine people smelled the old book smell, but they weren’t told what it was. They were then asked to describe it. A large number of people said it smelled like chocolate. Others said it smelled like coffee. This shouldn’t be a surprise: coffee and chocolate also come from materials (材料) having lignin. Lignin might give books their sweet smell, but it also makes the pages yellow, and books today use paper with less lignin. This might let them stay white longer, but won’t make them smell as sweet in the future. 1．What makes old books smell the way they do? A．Lignin in the paper gives off that smell. B．The smell of old books is the same as the chocolate. C．There are hundreds of chemical compounds. 2．Why do people like that smell so much? A．Because the smell makes them calm and comfortable. B．Because the smell is terrible. C．Because the smell is similar to that of chocolate. 3．Where can we find lignin? A．Model planes and trees. B．Coffee and chocolate. C．Water and coffee. 4．Which of the following is NOT TRUE according to the passage? A．Lignin gives books sweet smell. B．Books become white because of lignin. C．Books today use paper with less lignin. Passage 3 （24-25八年级上·湖南省长沙市一中教育集团·期中） Teenagers often go online when bored, but they find it can sometimes bring more worries and problems. That’s when the Boredom Buster comes to help. It gives advice (建议) on what to do when you have bad feelings. Feeling scared? Try writing down what makes you scared and think about the reasons behind them. Sad? Try watching your favorite TV show. The Boredom Buster is an app made to help teenagers solve mental (精神的) problems. The app also has a guide for keeping a diary. Created in 2024 by 16-year-old Vaishnavi Kumbala from the US, the app was born out of her worry for people of her age with mental health problems. “A lot of mental health resources (资源) out there are for adults or younger kids,” Kumbala told The Washington Post. She saw many teenagers feel lonely and sad. Some of them are too shy to reach out for help. Although it can’t take the place of doctors, the app can work together with their help. “The guided diary is made just for teens. It tells them how to use the app to help themselves,” Kumbala said. There are questions like “What are the simple things in your life that you like best?” and “What is your greatest interest? How can you use it in your life every day?” There are also many meaningful sayings. They tell the teens never to give up when meeting difficulties. For example, “ ▲ ”. “I wanted to create something that was by a teen for teens. The most meaningful thing is to help others when doing something I like. There is a long way to go, but I’ ll never give up.” Kumbala said. Her app won the prize of 2024 Congressional App Challenge. The goal of the competition is to help middle and high school students to be interested in computer science. 1．If you feel sad, what may the Boredom Buster advise you to do? A．Keep a diary. B．Talk to your family. C．Watch a favorite show. 2．Paragraph 2 is mainly about ________. A．how teenagers use the app B．why Kumbala creates the app C．what teenagers can get from the app 3．Which of the following sentences can be put in“ ▲ ” in Paragraph 3? A．A friend in need is a friend indeed. B．Where there is a will, there is a way. C．An apple a day keeps the doctor away. 4．What do you think of Kumbala according to the passage? A．Creative and helpful. B．Talented but careless. C．Hard-working and simple. 主题01 人与社会——事物说明文 Passage 1 （24-25八年级上·湖南省长沙市周南教育集团·期中） Eleven young people from different countries sit around a meeting table, and have a discussion about the hottest topics (话题). More surprisingly, they do that all in Chinese. Isn’t that exciting? If you feel the same, you had better watch Hubei TV’s show Informal Talks. First aired in April, 2015, the show is already in its seventh season. As one of the most popular TV programs, each season has a grade of at least 8 out of 10 online. Its producer (制作人) Yu Qing says when choosing the topics, they would first think about what interests the young people most. Da Zuo, one host of the show, says he looks through comments (评论) on the Internet to know people’s opinions on the show. To better take part in the talks, he has also read a lot of books about the histories of different European cultures (文化) or great books like A Brief History of Time by Stephen Hawking. Brian González, better known as Gong Biyang in China, has been a guest (嘉宾) of the show for the past seven years. To him, the beauty of the show is that everyone shares true stories that happened in their real life. The show is so interesting that it has interested a lot of people online. They will also take part in the discussion by sending danmu or short live comments when watching the show on Bilibili Liu Bin, a computer programmer, who often watches the show says, “In the past, I read lots of books to learn about the culture and history of other countries, but now I find a better way to learn about them—watching the show.” 1．How many seasons does the show Informal Talks have? A．7. B．8. C．10. 2．How does the host Da Zuo have to do for the show? ① Choosing the topics carefully. ② Reading the online comments. ③ Studying European cultures. ④ Reading books by Stephen Hawking. A．①②③ B．①②④ C．②③④ 3．According to the passage, what is NOT mentioned about the show? A．Its guest. B．Its producer. C．Its cost. 4．What is the purpose (目的) of the passage? A．To ask people to visit Hubei. B．To discuss different cultures. C．To tell about a TV program. Passage 2 （24-25八年级上·湖南省长沙市长郡教育集团·期中） Tesla’s Cool New Things on October 11 On October 11, Tesla, a famous company had a big event called “WE, ROBOT”. This event showed some really cool new things that got everyone excited. One of the most exciting things was a new kind of taxi called Cybercab. This taxi drives itself, so you don’t need a driver! It doesn’t even have a steering wheel (方向盘) or pedals (脚踏板). The people at Tesla said it would cost less than $30,000 to make, and it might be on the roads by 2026. Tesla also showed a special van (面包车) called Robovan. This van can sit at most 20 people or carry big things, making it really useful. Although these new vans aren’t ready yet, they give us a taste of what the future might be like with self-driving cars. But the event wasn’t just about cars. Tesla also introduced a robot called Optimus. This robot can help with chores, like cleaning or cooking. During the event, people saw Optimus dancing, playing games, talking, and even making a drink! While Optimus is still going to be better, it shows how robots could soon be part of our everyday lives. The Tesla event was full of surprises and excitement. It’s clear that Tesla is always trying to make new and better things to make our lives easier. As a student, you can look forward to seeing how these cool new ideas will change the world. 1．How many cool new things can we see at the event? A．One. B．Two. C．Three. 2．Which of the following is NOT true about Cybercab? A．Cybercab is a taxi without a driver. B．It will cost less than $30,000 to make a Cybercab. C．You will use a steering wheel when sitting in a Cybercab. 3．What does the underlined word “chores” mean? A．Homework. B．Housework. C．Farm work. 4．What can we infer (推断) from Tesla’s event?? A．We can see Robovans on the roads by 2026. B．Tesla’s cool new things will make people’s lives much easier. C．Cybercab is the coolest and the most popular car in the world now. Passage 3 （24-25八年级上·湖南省长沙市雅礼教育集团·期中） If you go to a club and pay to hear someone tell funny stories, there is a performance called “stand-up”. Stand-up comedy (单口喜剧) started in Britain and the US more than 150 years ago. It has come a long way in the West, but it is a new kind of TV show in China. More and more young people began watching stand-up comedy, and some even started doing it part-time. Unlike the Western’s, the Chinese stand-up comedy is much shorter, lasting five to ten minutes long. So far, the most popular one in China is Stand-up Comedy 2024 on the Internet. More than 50 performers from China and abroad join the show. A graduate (研究生) talks about the problems when he is looking for jobs. A British man tells his funny stories while living in China. A grandpa shares what happened to him and his children when they live together. Their colorful stories and different ideas on life put wonder into this season’s program. The show is such a big success that it has opened a door to the golden age of stand-up comedy. Today there are stand-up clubs around the world. Why is stand-up comedy so popular? Because people think it is simple and fun. All you need is one person to stand up and make the whole room laugh. The performers are telling their own stories in a straightforward (直接的) and funny way, which makes people forget about their worries and leave a big smile on their faces. So if you’re looking for a good time full of laughter, choose stand-up comedy. 1．How is the Chinese stand-up comedy different from the Western’s? A．It is shorter. B．It is longer. C．It is better. 2．What does the underlined word “abroad” in Paragraph 2 mean? A．国内的 B．国外的 C．家乡的 3．What are the grandpa’s stories about in Stand-up Comedy 2024? A．Looking for jobs. B．Living in China. C．Living with his kids. 4．What can we infer (推测) from the writer’s opinion? A．Old habits die hard. B．Two heads are better than one. C．Laughter is the key to happiness. 主题02 人与社会——事理说明文 Passage 1 （23-24八年级上·湖南省长沙市浏阳市初级青草中学·期中） Being outgoing is good for your life. Those who are more outgoing like to meet lots of people and have more fun in life. In fact, being outgoing is not so hard as you think. Even shy people can be outgoing. You can start becoming outgoing with your best friend. But the difficulty comes when you meet strangers or new friends. Smile more, and usually they will return your smile. In this way, you may have more talks. Start a talk, and just a simple “Hello!” or “How is it going?” is a good start. If you want to make interesting talks, you should read news in newspapers and prepare your views (看法), or surf the Internet for new information and then keep them in mind. The easiest way to become more outgoing is to go out. This is also the most important step. Go to a park, beach, club, party or any other place that you think can be fun. 1．You should start to be outgoing with ________. A．your parents B．your teachers C．your best friend 2．The easiest way to become more outgoing is ________. A．talking B．smiling C．going out 3．The underlined word “they” refers to ________. A．strangers or new friends B．your best friend C．lots of people 4．Which is NOT the writer’s idea? A．Being outgoing is really difficult. B．Being outgoing is good for your life. C．Being outgoing helps people have more fun. Passage 2 （23-24八年级上·湖南省常德津市市·期中） Many people like to travel (旅行) when they have time off from school or work. They might go to their hometown to see their family, or travel somewhere far. But not everyone does this, more and more people are choosing to take a “stay-cation”. A stay-cation is a new word for a period (时期) of time when people stay at home on vacation or take day trips from their home to local (当地的) places of interest. Some people might travel around their city, visiting local parks and museums. Others might try countryside trips and take part in local festivals. People like me love to just stay at home. I had a stay-cation of my own over the summer. I slept late every day. I worked on music and played video games. I wasn’t too lonely. I had my cat to play with, and I got together with some of my friends around the city. Traveling is fun, but it’s also nice to just stay home and relax. It’s cheaper as well, since I don’t have to pay for travel. And you can choose to do whatever you like, if you want, just do nothing. There’s nothing wrong with that. 1．Which of the following things might people do during a stay-cation? A．Visiting local places of interest. B．Studying hard at school. C．Traveling to other cities. 2．What’s true about stay-cation? A．It’s a word that everyone knows. B．People like to travel during stay-cation. C．People may just stay at home during stay-cation. 3．What is Paragraph 3 mainly about? A．City life with friends. B．Holidays and vacations. C．My stay-cation experience. 4．What does the underlined word “that” in the last paragraph refer to? A．Doing nothing. B．Traveling around. C．Paying for travel. Passage 3 （23-24八年级上·湖南省永州市祁阳市·期中）Many people like to travel during their vacation. Some people travel in tour groups because they think it is safe and cheap. A tour guide takes care of the group and makes sure the group can see a lot of interesting and beautiful sights. Other people like traveling alone (独自地) or with friends. If you travel by yourself, you are free to see what you want to see. People travel for many reasons. Some people travel to learn more about other countries’ people, culture, food and languages. Some people travel for adventure (冒险). They want to do some different things, such as skiing, bungee jumping and mountain climbing. Other people like to shop when they travel. They look for new things or cheap ones. There are different ways to travel. Some people take trains, boats or buses, some fly and others drive cars. Some people like to travel slowly and spend a long time in each place, while others like to take quick tours and visit more places in a short time. 1．The underlined word “sights” in the first paragraph means ________in Chinese? A．视力 B．情景 C．风景 2．Why do some people like traveling alone? A．Because they want to see interesting sights. B．Because they are free to see what they want to see. C．Because they want to learn more about other countries 3．According to the passage, what do people travel for? A．Adventure. B．Learning more about another country or shopping. C．Both A and B． 4．Some people take quick tours because _________. A．they travel by car B．they like to visit many places in a short time C．they want to spend a long time in each place 主题03 人与自我——事物说明文 Passage 1 （23-24八年级上·湖南省长沙市长郡集团某五校·期中） Luckin Coffee has worked with Guizhou Maotai, the maker of China’s national liquor, for an unusual drink: sauce-flavored latte (酱香拿铁). You can have it for only 38 yuan. People who order with an online coupon (优惠券) will be able to receive 50% off. The new drink quickly became well-known. Many users wanted to know if it was safe to drive after drinking it. The question “Can we drive a car after drinking that Maotai coffee?” was one of the hottest topics on Weibo on Monday, with 430 million views. Maotai’s baijiu is a kind of spirit that has 53% alcohol (酒精). It is also called “firewater” because of its strong taste. For its new tie-up with Luckin, each cup has just a little liquor, with an overall alcohol content of about 0. 5%. But the company suggests that drivers, teenagers and pregnant women should not drink the latte. Maotai is always popular with Chinese people. We can easily find that the red-and-white bottles of Maotai appears at important events in China. Last year, Maotai showed another surprising use of its liquor by opening a Maotai ice cream store, selling spiked desserts (加料甜酒) to people in the city of Zunyi, Guizhou province. This kind of dessert got a big hit, with nearly 10 million cups sold in a year, the company said. After working with Maotai, Luckin Coffee is once again a leading coffee brand in China, and now it has more than 10, 000 stores across 240 Chinese cities. 1．People who order a cup of sauce-flavored latte with an online coupon should pay ________. A．50 yuan B．19 yuan C．38 yuan 2．According to the company, some people shouldn’t drink sauce-flavored latte EXCEPT ________. A．Drivers B．Teenagers C．Adults 3．We can probably read this article in ________. A．a diary entry B．a dictionary C．a newspaper 4．The passage is mainly about ________. A．China’s famous national liquor, Maotai B．an unusual drink-sauce-flavored Latte C．how Luckin Coffee became the leading coffee brand in China Passage 2 （23-24八年级上·湖南省岳阳市岳阳县·期中） The Ministry of Education (教育部) wants students to practice their sports skill. It wants to make homework for physical education classes. It also wants to cut down homework for math and language. Physical education helps improve children’s health in a big way. There was a survey (调查) in 2021. It said that as high as 53.6% of primary and secondary school students were shortsighted (近视的), and 81% among high school students. More physical activities helped with eyesight problems in children. The survey also said 15.7% of Grade 1 students had eyesight problems. But in Grade 6, it was 59%. Those six years were important for helping with their eyesight. 40 minutes of outdoor activities every day helps a lot. It can help students to relax their eyes. It can also help their bodies to have vitamin D．For preschool children, they’d better have outdoor sports activities every day. For those aged between 7 and 12, they’d better exercise for at least an hour every day. After outdoor activities, children can have a sound sleep. This will help their bodies grow faster. 1．We may read this passage in a ________. A．newspaper B．storybook C．novel 2．In Para 2, the writer shows serious eyesight problems by showing us ________. A．a picture of a boy B．the result of a survey C．the time students need to exercise 3．According to the passage, a 10-year-old boy should exercise for at least ________ minutes. A．40 B．50 C．60 4．The passage mainly talks about students should ________. A．care for their eyesight B．do more physical activities C．learn more language 主题04 人与自我——事理说明文 Passage 1 （24-25八年级上·湖南省长沙市长郡教育集团·期中） Food is very important for many people because it gives them energy (能量) and makes them happy. But for some people, food can be a big problem. An art exhibition (展览) in Shanghai shows pictures and other works made by people who have eating problems. These artworks show their different feelings and fights about food. Doctor Chen Jue says people often think eating problems are just about eating too much, eating too little or not eating well. In fact, they are health problems that have something with how people feel inside. It’s said that people between 13 and 20 years old are most likely to have eating problems. But Doctor Chen says her youngest patient (病人) is only 7. And it’s common to see patients who are 11 or 12. “Nowadays, children are showed to the Internet world at a young age. People like to make their photos look better before putting them online. Usually they make their faces and bodies thinner,” says Chen. “Also, they often hear people like their parents talk about eating less to be thinner. Slowly, they will also think that a thin body means beauty and popularity,” she says. Zhang Qinwen, once a patient for many years, took part in the exhibition. She hopes that people can understand the importance of eating problems through art. “What I want to say most is to tell people that every time they eat a meal, they can feel happiness, and I hope that more and more people will take part in the exhibition,” says Zhang, “The aim (目标) of it is to help people better understand the problems and patients to show more care.” 1．What do eating problems mean according to the passage? A．Not eating well. B．Eating too much or too little. C．Health problems about how people feel in their mind. 2．What does Chen Jue tell us in Paragraph 4? A．The problems of the Internet world. B．The reasons why children have eating problems. C．The results of making one’s face or body thinner. 3．What does the word “it” in the last paragraph refer to? A．Art. B．The exhibition. C．Happiness. 4．Why does the writer write the passage? A．To ask more people to draw pictures for the exhibition. B．To tell people especially teenagers that to be thin is not to be beautiful. C．To help people understand eating problems better and care the patients more. Passage 2 （23-24八年级上·湖南省常德市澧县·期中） Being outgoing is good for your life. Those who are more outgoing may have more fun in life. In fact, being outgoing is not so hard as you think. Even shy people can be outgoing. You can start becoming outgoing with your best friends or a group of friends. But the real challenge (挑战) comes when you meet strange people. Smile more, and usually they will return your smile. In this way, you may have some more talks. Start a talk. Just a simple “Hello” or “How is it going” is a good start. If you want to make interesting talks, you should read news in the newspapers and prepare (准备) your views, or surf the Internet for new information and then keep that in mind. The easier way to become more outgoing is to go out. This is also the most important step. Go to a park, the beach, a club, a party or any other places that you think can be fun, and you may make new friends there. 1．Who should you start to be outgoing with? A．Your parents. B．Your best friend. C．Your new friends. 2．What is the easiest way to become more outgoing? A．To talk. B．To smile. C．To go out. 3．Where may you make new friends? A．The places that you think can be fun. B．The places that you think can be quiet. C．The places that you think can be clean. 4．Which is NOT the writer’s view (观点)? A．Being outgoing is really difficult. B．Being outgoing is good for our life. C．Being outgoing can help people have more fun. Passage 3 （23-24八年级上·湖南师范大学附属中学集团·期中） Change is all around us. A change of seasons from summer to autumn, or a change of friendships or school if you move house or are going to high school in the future. Change affects (影响) everybody, but we don’t all feel change in the same way. Some people are as “cool as a cucumber (黄瓜)” and nothing worries them although the changes are pretty big. Other people can be as “jumpy as a kangaroo” and can be affected by even the smallest changes. So, what can you do if you are faced with some changes, and you’re not sure what to do? Well, it’s important to know that young people are not always ready to deal with changes. That’s because young people’s brains (大脑) are still growing. Your brain affects your thoughts, big decisions, actions and feelings. It’s also important for kids to know that it is proper (合理的) to ask for help from an adult. That may be a parent or grandparent, aunt or uncle, teacher, neighbor or even an older brother or sister. Change can sometimes be hard or make you worry, but you don’t have to face it alone. 1．What does the underlined phrase “cool as a cucumber” mean? A．闷闷不乐 B．坐立不安 C．镇定自若 2．What changes are NOT mentioned in the passage? A．Changes of lifestyle. B．Changes of seasons. C．Changes of friendships. 3．How do we deal with changes? A．We should know that young people are always ready to face changes. B．We should know that it’s OK to ask for help from parents. C．We should relax ourselves when we are worried about the changes. 4．What is the main idea of this passage? A．The passage gives us suggestions on dealing with changes. B．The passage introduces different changes in our life. C．The passage talks about how brains affect thoughts, decisions, actions and feelings. 主题05 人与自然 Passage 1 （23-24八年级上·湖南省长沙市长郡教育集团联考·期中） China’s 12th manned spaceflight（载人航天）, the Shenzhou XI mission, launched（发射） successfully on Oct. 26, 2023. It sent three astronauts—Tang Hongbo, Tang Shengjie and Jiang Xinlin to the Tiangong space station. The launch came just a few as after China celebrated the 20h anniversary（周年） of its first manned mission（任务）. On Oct 15, 2003, Yang Liwei, China’s space hero, made the country’s dream of getting into outer space come true. Yang once said, “All astronauts for the manned lunar missions（登月任务） must have the experience of traveling to the Tiangong space station.” So the Shenzhou XⅦ manned mission makes the country get closer to its dream of walking on the moon. The Shenzhou XⅦ crew（航天员乘组） is planned to stay inside the Tiangong for around six months and return to Earth around April. Their tasks include some usual tasks such as doing scientific experiments, having spacewalks to install（安装）things, checking the station and collecting（收集） some important data（数据）, as well as helping to test the support abilities from the ground. The Shenzhou XⅦ mission and its crew also have many firsts. The crew is the youngest of all China’s manned missions, with an average（平均的） age of 38. It is also the first to have members from the second-generation and the third-generation astronauts. Tang Hongbo, finishing his first space mission about two years ago, is the first space traveler to revisit China’s Tiangong space station. 1．Who was sent to the Tiangong space station in 2003? A．Yang Liwei. B．Tang Shengjie. C．Tang Hongbo. 2．________ is necessary for the astronauts for the manned lunar missions. A．Testing the spacecraft on the ground B．Experience at the Tiangong space station C．Revisiting the Tiangong space station 3．Which is TRUE according to the passage? A．Astronauts will back to Earth in April 2023. B．No experiments will be done at the station. C．Astronauts need to collect important data. 4．What is the main idea of Paragraph 5? A．China’s Tiangong space station. B．A brief introduction of the Shenzhou XⅦ. C．New tries of the Shenzhou XⅦ and its crew. / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题03 阅读理解 说明文 主题01 人与自我——健康与生活方式 Passage 1 （23-24八年级上·湖南省株洲市天元区·期中） Being healthy means a person eats well, gets a lot of exercise, and has a healthy weight. Here are some rules for a kid who wants to be healthy. Try your best to follow the rules. Eat All Kinds of Food You may have your favorite food, but the best choice is to eat all kinds of food. If you eat different food, you are able to get the things your body needs. Drink Water and Milk When you’re really thirsty, cold water is the best. And there’s a reason some schools offer milk. Kids need calcium to build strong body, and milk is a great choice. Listen to Your Body When you’re eating, notice how your body feels and whether your stomach feels comfortably full. Sometimes people eat too much because they don’t notice when they need to stop eating. Eating too much can make you feel uncomfortable. Limit Screen Time What’s screen time? It’s the amount of time you spend watching TV, playing video games and using the computer. The more time spend on these sitting-down activities, the less time for active exercise. 1．If a kid wants to be healthy, how many rules he could follow? A．Two B．Three C．Four 2．According to the passage, ________can build strong body. A．water B．milk C．juice 3．________ can make you feel uncomfortable. A．Exercising 100 much B．Sleeping too much C．Eating too much 4．What is the passage mainly about? A．How to exercise. B．How to follow the rule. C．How to keep healthy. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．C 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了孩子保持健康需要遵循的四条规则，包括均衡饮食、多喝水和牛奶、倾听身体的需求以及限制屏幕时间。 1．细节理解题。根据文章“Here are some rules for a kid who wants to be healthy. Try your best to follow the rules.”以及接下来的四条规则可知，如果一个孩子想保持健康，他需要遵循四条规则。因此，他可以选择的规则数量是四个。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“Kids need calcium to build strong body, and milk is a great choice.”可知，孩子们需要钙来构建强壮的身体，而牛奶是一个很好的选择。因此，可以构建强壮身体的是牛奶。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据“Eating too much can make you feel uncomfortable.”可知，吃太多会让你感到不舒服。因此，让你感到不舒服的是吃太多。故选C。 4．主旨大意题。根据“Here are some rules for a kid who wants to be healthy.”以及接下来的内容可知，本文主要介绍了孩子如何保持健康的一些规则。因此，文章的主要内容是关于如何保持健康的。故选C。 Passage 2 （23-24八年级上·湖南省永州市冷水滩区第十六中学·期中） There are 45 students in our class. I have made a survey. 36 students say they like to exercise. Most boys play basketball together twice a week. But girls think basketball is difficult for them, they’d like to play volleyball together twice a week. My friend, Tony, is good at running. He runs fastest in our class. He runs for 30 minutes on the playground every evening before he goes to bed. Is it interesting? Gray is good at swimming. He goes to the swimming club three times a month in winter and three times a week in summer. So he’s pretty healthy. Some of my classmates have good eating habits. They eat both meat and vegetables. 70% of them drink milk every day. 15 students say they drink milk three or four times a week. But some students like to eat junk food, especially Sally. What’s worse is that she doesn’t like to exercise, so she is very fat. She always says “I’m going to lose weight tomorrow.” 1．How often do most boys play basketball? A．Every day. B．Twice a day. C．Twice a week. 2．Why do the girls dislike to play basketball? A．Because they have no time. B．Because they think it’s not easy. C．Because they don’t like to play with the boys. 3．How often does Gray swim in winter? A．Three times a month. B．Three times a week. C．Hardly ever. 4．Why is Sally so fat? A．Because she doesn’t like to exercise. B．Because she likes to eat junk food very much. C．Both A and B． 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．A 4．C 【导语】本文主要讲述了作者在班上做了一个关于运动和饮食的调查。 1．细节理解题。根据“Most boys play basketball together twice a week.”可知，大多数男孩每周一起打两次篮球。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“But girls think basketball is difficult for them”可知，女孩不喜欢打篮球是因为她们认为这不容易。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据“Gray is good at swimming. He goes to the swimming club three times a month in winter”可知，格雷冬天每月去游泳三次。故选A。 4．细节理解题。根据“But some students like to eat junk food, especially Sally. What’s worse is that she doesn’t like to exercise, so she is very fat.”可知，莎莉这么胖是因为她喜欢吃垃圾食品，而且她不喜欢运动。故选C。 Passage 3 （22-23八年级上·湖南省常德市安乡县·期中） Fast walking is the exercise between walking and race walking. A study shows that fast walking has become the most popular exercise in China and many people walk more than 5,000 steps a day. The results of the study are from QQ users. About 37% of the people choose fast walking as their favorite exercise; over 23% choose running and more than 14% choose riding bikes. Fast walking and running are easy, cost little and work well, so they are popular. And many people would rather do exercise in nature than go to gyms (健身房). It’s best to walk fast for at least 10 minutes at one time and walk up to 6,000 steps every day. The study also shows that people in Guiyang, Guizhou love sports most. On average (平均), everyone there walks 5,941 steps every day. It seems that people in places with better environment and air are more willing to (更愿意) do sports. 1．Many people in China walk more than ________ steps a day. A．5,000 B．5,941 C．6,000 2．Many people prefer to do exercise ________. A．at home B．in nature C．in the gym 3．The writer probably agrees that ________. A．people live in big cities are more willing to do sports B．fast walking is not difficult, costs little and works well C．it’s bad for people to walk fast for more than 10 minutes at one time 4．We can read this passage in the column (栏目) ________ of a newspaper. A．Mum’s Kitchen B．Music Today C．Health & Sport 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．B 4．C 【导语】本文介绍了中国最流行的锻炼方式——快速行走，并指出许多人每天步行超过5000步。快速行走和跑步被认为是简单、廉价且有效的锻炼方式。 1．细节理解题。根据“A study shows that fast walking has become the most popular exercise in China and many people walk more than 5,000 steps a day.”可知，一些人每天步行超过5000步。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据“And many people would rather do exercise in nature than go to gyms (健身房). ”可知，一些人宁愿在自然环境下运动也不愿意去健身房。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据“Fast walking and running are easy, cost little and work well, so they are popular.”可知，速行走和跑步被认为是简单、廉价且有效的锻炼方式，并且很流行。故选B。 4．推理判断题。文章介绍了中国最流行的锻炼方式——快速行走，并指出许多人每天步行超过5000步。快速行走和跑步被认为是简单、廉价且有效的锻炼方式，根据主要内容可知，本篇文章与D选项“运动与健康”有关。故选C。 主题02 人与自我——社会与教育实践 Passage 1 （23-24八年级上·湖南省长沙市浏阳市·期中） Is there anybody who likes doing housework? Should children help out around the house? For some children, doing housework may be the last thing they want to do. For many parents, getting their children to help with housework is also one big headache. However, Nurafiza, a Malaysian mother found a creative way. Nurafiza came up with a reward (奖励) system for her two sons at home. She made a list (清单) of housework for her kids and gave them money for every task they had finished. The list of housework included cleaning up the house and putting away their toys for RM 50 each, doing the dishes for RM 80, and even not fighting with each other for RM 10 to RM 15. Nurafiza also opened a “mini mart” at home for kids to spend the money in. Her three-year-old and six-year-old sons could buy snacks at her “mini mart” which was open from 10 a. m. to 8 p. m. The money she gave to her kids was fake (假的) cash, which she had bought online. Because of this system, both of her children are glad to help with housework. Her Facebook post has got over 15,000 likes and has been hared over 27,000 times. Many parents have begun to imitate her. They use the same way to discipline (管教) their children. In fact, doing housework plays an important role in children’s development (发展). First, housework teaches children basic skills for living, like cooking and cleaning. Second, doing housework is a good way to exercise children’s bodies. Third, doing housework makes it possible for parents to spend more time with their kids. 1．How does the writer start the passage? A．By telling stories. B．By asking questions. C．By giving an example. 2．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A．Nurafiza’s kids can get RM 50 for doing the dishes. B．Nurafiza’s kids never fight with each other. C．The “mini mart” is open for ten hours a day. 3．What does the underlined word “imitate” mean according to the passage? A．了解 B．模仿 C．鼓励 4．What is the last paragraph mainly about? A．The ways to get children to help with housework. B．The reasons why children should help with housework. C．The important roles children play in their homes. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．B 4．B 【导语】本文主要讲述了一位马来西亚的母亲想出了一个创造性的方法让孩子们做家务，并且讲述了让孩子们做家务的几个好处。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Is there anybody who likes doing housework? Should children help out around the house?”可知，作者以问题的形式开篇的。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Her three-year-old and six-year-old sons could buy snacks at her ‘mini mart’ which was open from 10 a. m. to 8 p. m.”可知，“迷你超市”从上午10点营业到晚上8点，共10个小时。故选C。 3．词句猜测题。根据“They use the same way to discipline (管教) their children.”可知，他们用同样的方式管教孩子，即模仿Nurafiza，所以划线部分的含义是“模仿”。故选B。 4．主旨大意题。根据最后一段中的“In fact, doing housework plays an important role in children’s development (发展).”并通读本段可知，最后一段主要讲孩子们应该做家务的原因。故选B。 Passage 2 （23-24八年级上·湖南省长沙市浏阳市·期中） Being outgoing is good for your life. Those who are more outgoing like to meet lots of people and have more fun in life. In fact, being outgoing is not so hard as you think. Even shy people can be outgoing. You can start becoming outgoing with your best friend. But the real challenge comes when you meet strangers or new friends. Smile more, and usually they will return your smile. In this way, you may have more talks. Start a talk, and just a simple “Hello!” or “How is it going?” is a good start. If you want to make interesting talks, you should read news in newspapers and prepare your views, or surf the Internet for new information and then keep them in mind. The easiest way to become more outgoing is to go out. This is also the most important step. Go to a park, beach, club, party or any other place that you think can be fun, and you may make new friends. 1．Who can you start becoming outgoing with? A．Parents. B．Teachers. C．Best friends. 2．What is the easiest way to become more outgoing? A．Going out. B．Smiling. C．Talking. 3．What does the underlined word “they” in Paragraph 2 refer to? A．yourself B．your best friend C．strangers or new friends 4．Which is NOT the writer’s idea? A．Being outgoing is really difficult. B．Being outgoing is good for your life. C．Being outgoing helps people have more fun. 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．C 4．A 【导语】本文主要讲述了外向的重要性，以及如何变得外向。 1．细节理解题。根据“You can start becoming outgoing with your best friend.”可知，你可以先和你最好的朋友开始变得外向。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“The easiest way to become more outgoing is to go out.”可知，最简单的变外向的方法是走出去。故选A。 3．词句猜测题。根据“But the real challenge comes when you meet strangers or new friends. Smile more, and usually they will return your smile.”可知，真正的挑战是当你遇到陌生人或新朋友时，多微笑，通常他们会回应你的微笑。可以推测“他们”指的是陌生人或新朋友。故选C。 4．细节理解题。根据“In fact, being outgoing is not so hard as you think.”可知，作者认为变外向并不难。故选A。 Passage 3 （23-24八年级上·湖南省长沙市一中集团·期中） In the world, a five-day work week is common. But in some places, people are exploring (探索) the idea of working four days a week. The idea isn’t new, and some companies have been slow to try it. But leaders of some companies may worry that workers can’t finish the work, or that it could have other troubles. Last June, 61 companies in the UK took part in the test of a four-day workweek. They asked their workers to do as much in four days as they usually did in five. The test lasted for six months and turned out to be good for both companies and workers. In general, the workers said the four-day work week made them less tired, and 39% said they felt less stressed. 73% of the workers were more satisfied (满意的) with the time they spent working. According to the results, the number of days when workers were out sick dropped by 65%. 57% fewer people gave up their jobs during the test. At the same time, the companies made more money. The results are so positive (积极的) that 92% of the companies are planning to keep the new schedule (时间表). How did workers do more in less time? Some companies cut meetings, or made the meetings shorter. Others used technologies to help workers get work done quickly. Some companies created the “focus time” so that workers could work carefully. Workers reported that one more day off allowed them to do what they loved. Some people said they were able to get more training or take care of things at home. Others said they were able to spend more time with their family. A four-day work week meant a better working life and family life to people. 1．According to Paragraph 1, leaders of some companies may feel ________ about the idea of a four-day work week. A．worried B．excited C．lucky 2．What did the results of the test show? A．The four-day work week made workers more tired. B．Over half the workers were not satisfied with their jobs. C．Most workers enjoyed working in the four-day work week. 3．How did companies help workers do more in less time? By using technologies.                     By asking others for help. By having fewer and shorter meetings        By having a better working environment. A． B． C． 4．What is the main idea of the passage? A．People are becoming more satisfied with their jobs. B．A four-day work week is good for companies and workers. C．A shorter work week has some advantages and disadvantages. 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．A 4．B 【导语】本文讨论了四天工作周对公司和工人的好处。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“But leaders of some companies may worry that…”可知，一些公司的领导对四天工作周的想法持担忧态度。故选 A。 2．推理判断题。根据第三段“73% of the workers were more satisfied with the time they spent working.” 73%的员工对工作时间更满意； 可知，大多数工人享受四天工作制。故选 C。 3．推理判断题。根据第四段“Some companies cut meetings, …Others used technologies to help workers get work done quickly...” 可知，公司通过使用技术和减少缩短会议来帮助工人在更短时间内完成更多工作。故选 A。 4．主旨大意 题。文章主要讨论了四天工作周对公司和工人的好处。故选 B。 主题03 人与社会——事物说明文 Passage 1 （24-25八年级上·湖南省长沙市湖南师范大学附属中学教育集团·期中） ①For the fifth year in a row, Finland came in first in the World Happiness Report. This may be surprising to you as Finland is famous for its cold winters and short daylight. Then learn about the people’s life there and you may find the answer. ②In Finland, many people grow up going to the library. “The library is a main part of life for the people here.” Halsas, a tour guide in Finland, said, “They might do schoolwork there or just read. It’s a safe environment.” Perhaps the best example of this in practice is the Oodi Helsinki Central Library, which opened in 2018. The bright, open space has different areas (区域). It was built to be a workspace, but also a living room for people. ③Finns love their saunas (桑拿浴室), and almost every home or apartment has one. Finland has a population of about 5.5 million, and there are over 2 million saunas in the country. “There are more saunas than cars here. In the summertime, I go every day.” Halsas said. Taking saunas is quite good for physical health, such as improving heart health and more. But the best reason to go? It just feels good. ④The people of Finland also love exploring (探索) the outdoors, from their 40 national parks to different islands. It’s no wonder the population loves to go hiking or biking—the landscape (风景) is fantastic. “There is a lot of nature to enjoy.” Halsas said. In winter, life doesn’t change too much from summertime because Finns get used to the cold and still get around on bicycles. To them, winter just means added activities, such as ice skating, cross-country skiing, and dog sledding (乘坐雪橇). 1．When did the Oodi Helsinki Central Library open? A．In 2015. B．In 2018. C．In 2022. 2．Why do Finns love taking saunas according to Paragraph 3? ①Feeling good. ②Easy to find a sauna. ③Good for physical health. ④Improving thinking ability. A．①②③ B．①③④ C．②③④ 3．How does the writer support (支持) his or her idea in Paragraph 4? A．By asking questions. B．By listing numbers. C．By giving examples. 4．What’s the structure(结构) of the text? (①= Paragraph 1, ②= Paragraph2…) A． B． C． 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．C 4．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了芬兰连续五年被评为世界上最幸福的国家，并探讨了其中的原因。 1．细节理解题。根据“the Oodi Helsinki Central Library, which opened in 2018.”可知，Oodi Helsinki中心图书馆在2018年开业。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“There are more saunas than cars here.…Taking saunas is quite good for physical health, such as improving heart health and more…It just feels good.”可知，在芬兰，桑拿浴室比汽车还多，洗桑拿对身体健康非常有益，比如改善心脏健康等，它让人感觉很好。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据“such as ice skating, cross-country skiing, and dog sledding”可知，比如滑冰、越野滑雪和乘坐雪橇，作者举了很多例子来支持他的观点。故选C。 4．篇章结构题。根据“Then learn about the people’s life there and you may find the answer.”可知，文章第一段指出了解芬兰人们的生活可以帮助找到芬兰连续五年被评为世界上最幸福的国家的原因，二三四段分别介绍了芬兰人喜欢去图书馆，桑拿浴室以及探索户外运动，故本文是总分结构。故选A。 Passage 2 （23-24八年级上·湖南师大附中高新实验中学·期中） Imagine (想象) you can have phone calls with your favorite star. Is it exciting? AI humans (人工智能人类) might help with it. Today, AI humans are popular all around the world. As we all know, AI humans now can be like real people. They can do real people’s voices and moves and even copy (模仿) their personalities (性格). But what else can they do? And what can only be done by humans but not AI? AI humans today appear in many ways. They can be idols, vloggers, reporters and more. For example, China Daily (中国日报) has its own AI reporter, Yuanxi. She can speak English and covers the wonderful world of Chinese culture. She can process data (处理数据) fast. This can help the newsroom work faster. In February 2022, Chinese tech company (科技公司) Baidu showed its first AI idol Xi Jiajia. She can change her makeup and how she dresses, and can even do livestreams (直播)! During China Fashion Week in September 2022, Xi Jiajia became famous in an online virtual (虚拟的) fashion show. “Virtual idols could do something that people cannot do in the real world, such as time travel,” said Liu Qian from Baidu. Liu took the AI guide as an example. They can appear to be in different places and from different times in history. But AI humans have their disadvantages. Take Yuanxi as an example, she still doesn’t have much human touch and EQ (情商). These are something that only a real human can have. What’s more, virtual people can’t team up and communicate (交流) with others in real time. 1．What do we know about AI reporter Yuanxi? A．She teaches the cultures of different countries. B．She makes vlogs for China Daily. C．She helps reporters work faster. 2．What made Xi Jiajia famous? A．Wearing real dresses for the fashion show. B．Teaching people how to do makeup online. C．Being in an online virtual fashion show. 3．What’s the meaning of the underline word “disadvantages” in Paragraph 6? A．缺陷 B．特点 C．优势 4．What can be the best title for the passage? A．AI humans in China B．Fantastic AI humans C．Not-all-good AI humans 【答案】1．C 2．C 3．A 4．C 【导语】本文介绍了当代人工智能人类（AI humans）的广泛应用及其与真人的区别，但是其也有缺点。 1．细节理解题。根据“She can process data (处理数据) fast. This can help the newsroom work faster.”可知，AI记者Yuanxi通过快速处理数据帮助记者更快地工作，故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“During China Fashion Week in September 2022, Xi Jiajia became famous in an online virtual (虚拟的) fashion show.”可知，Xi Jiajia因参加线上虚拟时装秀而出名，故选C。 3．词义猜测题。根据“But AI humans have their disadvantages. Take Yuanxi as an example, she still doesn’t have much human touch and EQ (情商).”可知，后文列举的AI人类的不足之处如缺乏人情味和情商，可推知“disadvantages”意为“缺陷”，故选A。 4．最佳标题题。本文介绍了当代人工智能人类（AI humans）的广泛应用及其与真人的区别，但是其也有缺点。选项C“不全是好的人工智能人类”为最佳标题。故选C。 Passage 3 （23-24八年级上·湖南省常德市安乡县·期中） The Asian Games (亚运会), also known as the Asiad, is a regional (区域的) sports event held every four years. Only countries and territories in Asia are eligible (有资格的) to take part in it. The first Asiad was held in New Delhi, India in 1951. Since then, the Games have been held in different cities throughout Asia. The 19th Asian Games, known as the Hangzhou 2022 Asian Games, took place in September, 2023 in Hangzhou, China. It was held a year later than planned because of the Covid-19. At the Games, China finished first on the medal tally (奖牌榜) and got the most gold medals and the most silver medals. The next Asian Games will be held in Nagoya (名古屋), Japan three years later. 1．What is the name of this regional sports event? A．Asiad. B．Asian Olympics. C．Regional Sports. 2．Which country got first in the 19th Asian Games? A．India. B．China. C．Japan. 3．How often are the Asian Games held? A．Every two years. B．Every three years. C．Every four years. 4．When will the 20th Asian Games take place according to the passage? A．In 2026. B．In 2027. C．In 2030. 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．C 4．A 【导语】本文主要介绍了亚运会的相关内容。 1．细节理解题。根据“The Asian Games (亚运会), also known as the Asiad, is a regional (区域的) sports event held every four years.”可知，这一区域性的体育赛事的名字是亚运会。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据“The 19th Asian Games, known as the Hangzhou 2022 Asian Games, took place in September, 2023 in Hangzhou, China…At the Games, China finished first on the medal tally (奖牌榜) and got the most gold medals and the most silver medals.”可知，在第19届亚运会上，中国获得第一名。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据“The Asian Games (亚运会), also known as the Asiad, is a regional (区域的) sports event held every four years.”可知，亚运会每四年举办一次。故选C。 4．细节理解题。根据“The 19th Asian Games, known as the Hangzhou 2022 Asian Games, took place in September, 2023 in Hangzhou, China…The next Asian Games will be held in Nagoya (名古屋), Japan three years later.”可知，第20届亚运会将于2026年举办。故选A。 主题04 人与社会——事理说明文 Passage 1 （23-24八年级上·湖南省株洲市天元区·期中） More and more people in China are now showing parts of their lives to the world by videos on their phones. Some people send videos of personal events like holidays and weddings. Using live streaming (网络直播) is very popular among the people aged 18 to 35. Even the teachers give lessons by live streaming. Besides leaving reviews on the screen, they can also communicate directly with the hosts by buying virtual (虚拟的) gifts such as flowers, toys and cars for them online. What’s more, live streaming allows users to communicate with strangers and express themselves. A 19-year-old college student called Nora Li says she spends three to four hours each week chatting and singing with viewers through one app called Ingkee. “Sometimes I feel lonely and want to talk to people.” she says. “I feel nice when viewers are paying attention to me.” However, there are worries about the misuse of live streaming. Li Jiaqi promised to correct her unsuitable and impolite language after she was warned by the officials. Now there are more than 80 apps and 300 websites for live streaming in China. “We support the use of live streaming. But people should know the two sides of it.” one of the officials said. 1．How do viewers communicate with hosts? A．By chatting and singing on the screen. B．By giving lessons through one app called Dingding. C．By leaving reviews on the screen or buying virtual gifts. 2．Why does Nora Li use live streaming? A．Because she wants to be famous. B．Because she wants to attract more viewers. C．Because she feels lonely and wants to talk with people. 3．The meaning of “misuse” in the fourth paragraph is ________. A．滥用 B．压力 C．号召 4．What can we learn from the passage? A．Live streaming is harmful. B．We should use live streaming properly. C．All Chinese people like the live streaming. 【答案】1．C 2．C 3．A 4．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了网络直播在中国越来越流行，人们通过手机视频向世界展示自己的生活，同时也讨论了网络直播的利弊及官方对此的态度。 1．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Besides leaving reviews on the screen, they can also communicate directly with the hosts by buying virtual (虚拟的) gifts such as flowers, toys and cars for them online.”可知，观众可以通过在屏幕上留言或购买虚拟礼物如鲜花、玩具和汽车等直接与主播沟通。C选项“通过屏幕上留言或购买虚拟礼物”符合，故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“A 19-year-old college student called Nora Li says she spends three to four hours each week chatting and singing with viewers through one app called Ingkee. ‘Sometimes I feel lonely and want to talk to people.’ she says.”可知，Nora Li使用网络直播是因为她有时感到孤独，想和人聊天。C选项“因为她感到孤独，想和人聊天”符合，故选C。 3．词义猜测题。根据文章第四段“However, there are worries about the misuse of live streaming. Li Jiaqi promised to correct her unsuitable and impolite language after she was warned by the officials.”可知，然而，人们对于网络直播的滥用感到担忧。李佳琦在被官方警告后承诺改正其不适当和不礼貌的语言。由此可以推测，“misuse”在这里的意思是“滥用”。故选A。 4．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“‘We support the use of live streaming. But people should know the two sides of it.’ one of the officials said.”可知，官方表示支持网络直播的使用，但人们应该了解其利弊。由此可以推断出，我们应该正确使用网络直播。B选项“我们应该正确使用网络直播”符合，故选B。 Passage 2 （23-24八年级上·湖南师范大学附属中学集团·期中） For people who love reading, there’s nothing better than the smell of an old book. But what makes old books smell the way they do? The paper, ink and glue (胶水) hold hundreds of chemical compounds (化合物). And one of the compounds found a lot in old books is called “lignin (木质素)”. Lignin is found in the trees that paper is made from. As a book gets older, lignin gives off (散发) that smell. But why do people like the smell so much? According to a study from University College London, people think the smell of old books is similar to the smell of chocolate. For the study, scientists created an “old book smell” using fibers (纤维) from a 1928 French book. Seventy-nine people smelled the old book smell, but they weren’t told what it was. They were then asked to describe it. A large number of people said it smelled like chocolate. Others said it smelled like coffee. This shouldn’t be a surprise: coffee and chocolate also come from materials (材料) having lignin. Lignin might give books their sweet smell, but it also makes the pages yellow, and books today use paper with less lignin. This might let them stay white longer, but won’t make them smell as sweet in the future. 1．What makes old books smell the way they do? A．Lignin in the paper gives off that smell. B．The smell of old books is the same as the chocolate. C．There are hundreds of chemical compounds. 2．Why do people like that smell so much? A．Because the smell makes them calm and comfortable. B．Because the smell is terrible. C．Because the smell is similar to that of chocolate. 3．Where can we find lignin? A．Model planes and trees. B．Coffee and chocolate. C．Water and coffee. 4．Which of the following is NOT TRUE according to the passage? A．Lignin gives books sweet smell. B．Books become white because of lignin. C．Books today use paper with less lignin. 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．B 4．B 【导语】本文主要介绍了旧书特有气味的来源。 1．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“As a book gets older, lignin gives off (散发) that smell.”可知，纸张中的木质素散发出那种气味。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据第四段“But why do people like the smell so much? According to a study from University College London, people think the smell of old books is similar to the smell of chocolate.”可知，人们如此喜欢这种气味是因为它的气味与巧克力相似。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“This shouldn’t be a surprise: coffee and chocolate also come from materials (材料) having lignin.”可知，我们可以在咖啡和巧克力中找到木质素。故选B。 4．细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Lignin might give books their sweet smell, but it also makes the pages yellow”可知，木质素会使书页变黄，所以B项错误。故选B。 Passage 3 （24-25八年级上·湖南省长沙市一中教育集团·期中） Teenagers often go online when bored, but they find it can sometimes bring more worries and problems. That’s when the Boredom Buster comes to help. It gives advice (建议) on what to do when you have bad feelings. Feeling scared? Try writing down what makes you scared and think about the reasons behind them. Sad? Try watching your favorite TV show. The Boredom Buster is an app made to help teenagers solve mental (精神的) problems. The app also has a guide for keeping a diary. Created in 2024 by 16-year-old Vaishnavi Kumbala from the US, the app was born out of her worry for people of her age with mental health problems. “A lot of mental health resources (资源) out there are for adults or younger kids,” Kumbala told The Washington Post. She saw many teenagers feel lonely and sad. Some of them are too shy to reach out for help. Although it can’t take the place of doctors, the app can work together with their help. “The guided diary is made just for teens. It tells them how to use the app to help themselves,” Kumbala said. There are questions like “What are the simple things in your life that you like best?” and “What is your greatest interest? How can you use it in your life every day?” There are also many meaningful sayings. They tell the teens never to give up when meeting difficulties. For example, “ ▲ ”. “I wanted to create something that was by a teen for teens. The most meaningful thing is to help others when doing something I like. There is a long way to go, but I’ ll never give up.” Kumbala said. Her app won the prize of 2024 Congressional App Challenge. The goal of the competition is to help middle and high school students to be interested in computer science. 1．If you feel sad, what may the Boredom Buster advise you to do? A．Keep a diary. B．Talk to your family. C．Watch a favorite show. 2．Paragraph 2 is mainly about ________. A．how teenagers use the app B．why Kumbala creates the app C．what teenagers can get from the app 3．Which of the following sentences can be put in“ ▲ ” in Paragraph 3? A．A friend in need is a friend indeed. B．Where there is a will, there is a way. C．An apple a day keeps the doctor away. 4．What do you think of Kumbala according to the passage? A．Creative and helpful. B．Talented but careless. C．Hard-working and simple. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．B 4．A 【导语】本文介绍了Saplings是一款由16岁少年Valshnavi Kumbala开发的应用程序，旨在帮助青少年处理心理健康问题。 1．细节理解题。根据“Sad? Try watching your favorite TV show.” 可知，如果感到悲伤，“The Boredom Buster” 可能会建议去看最喜欢的电视节目，故选C。 2．主旨大意题。第二段主要讲述了这款应用程序是由 16 岁的美国女孩Vaishnavi Kumbala在 2024 年创建的，创建的原因是她担心同龄人存在心理健康问题，故选B。 3．推理判断题。第三段主要讲述了应用程序里有引导青少年写日记的内容，通过一些问题引导青少年帮助自己，还有很多有意义的谚语是告诉青少年在遇到困难时不要放弃，选项B“有志者，事竟成”符合语境，故选B。 4．观点态度题。从文章可知，Kumbala 创建了专门帮助青少年解决精神问题的应用程序，这体现了她的创造力 (Creative)；并且她创建这个应用的目的是为了帮助同龄人解决心理健康问题，说明她是乐于助人的 (helpful)，故选A。 主题01 人与社会——事物说明文 Passage 1 （24-25八年级上·湖南省长沙市周南教育集团·期中） Eleven young people from different countries sit around a meeting table, and have a discussion about the hottest topics (话题). More surprisingly, they do that all in Chinese. Isn’t that exciting? If you feel the same, you had better watch Hubei TV’s show Informal Talks. First aired in April, 2015, the show is already in its seventh season. As one of the most popular TV programs, each season has a grade of at least 8 out of 10 online. Its producer (制作人) Yu Qing says when choosing the topics, they would first think about what interests the young people most. Da Zuo, one host of the show, says he looks through comments (评论) on the Internet to know people’s opinions on the show. To better take part in the talks, he has also read a lot of books about the histories of different European cultures (文化) or great books like A Brief History of Time by Stephen Hawking. Brian González, better known as Gong Biyang in China, has been a guest (嘉宾) of the show for the past seven years. To him, the beauty of the show is that everyone shares true stories that happened in their real life. The show is so interesting that it has interested a lot of people online. They will also take part in the discussion by sending danmu or short live comments when watching the show on Bilibili Liu Bin, a computer programmer, who often watches the show says, “In the past, I read lots of books to learn about the culture and history of other countries, but now I find a better way to learn about them—watching the show.” 1．How many seasons does the show Informal Talks have? A．7. B．8. C．10. 2．How does the host Da Zuo have to do for the show? ① Choosing the topics carefully. ② Reading the online comments. ③ Studying European cultures. ④ Reading books by Stephen Hawking. A．①②③ B．①②④ C．②③④ 3．According to the passage, what is NOT mentioned about the show? A．Its guest. B．Its producer. C．Its cost. 4．What is the purpose (目的) of the passage? A．To ask people to visit Hubei. B．To discuss different cultures. C．To tell about a TV program. 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．C 4．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了电视节目《非正式会谈》的受欢迎程度以及人们对这个节目的评价和看法。 1．细节理解题。根据“First aired in April, 2015, the show is already in its seventh season.”可知，该电视节目于2015年4月首播，目前已进入第七季。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据“Da Zuo, one host of the show, says he looks through comments (评论) on the Internet to know people’s opinions on the show. To better take part in the talks, he has also read a lot of books about the histories of different European cultures (文化) or great books like A Brief History of Time by Stephen Hawking.”可知，他浏览网络上对这个节目的评论，读了很多关于欧洲不同文化历史的书，或者像史蒂芬·霍金的《A Brief History Time》这样的经典作品，故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据“Its producer (制作人) Yu Qing says when choosing the topics, they would first think about what interests the young people most.”以及“Brian González, better known as Gong Biyang in China, has been a guest (嘉宾) of the show for the past seven years.”可知，本文提到了这个节目的制作人和嘉宾，并未提到花费，故选C。 4．主旨大意题。根据“If you feel the same, you had better watch Hubei TV’s show Informal Talks.”可知，本文主要介绍了电视节目—《非正式会谈》，故选C。 Passage 2 （24-25八年级上·湖南省长沙市长郡教育集团·期中） Tesla’s Cool New Things on October 11 On October 11, Tesla, a famous company had a big event called “WE, ROBOT”. This event showed some really cool new things that got everyone excited. One of the most exciting things was a new kind of taxi called Cybercab. This taxi drives itself, so you don’t need a driver! It doesn’t even have a steering wheel (方向盘) or pedals (脚踏板). The people at Tesla said it would cost less than $30,000 to make, and it might be on the roads by 2026. Tesla also showed a special van (面包车) called Robovan. This van can sit at most 20 people or carry big things, making it really useful. Although these new vans aren’t ready yet, they give us a taste of what the future might be like with self-driving cars. But the event wasn’t just about cars. Tesla also introduced a robot called Optimus. This robot can help with chores, like cleaning or cooking. During the event, people saw Optimus dancing, playing games, talking, and even making a drink! While Optimus is still going to be better, it shows how robots could soon be part of our everyday lives. The Tesla event was full of surprises and excitement. It’s clear that Tesla is always trying to make new and better things to make our lives easier. As a student, you can look forward to seeing how these cool new ideas will change the world. 1．How many cool new things can we see at the event? A．One. B．Two. C．Three. 2．Which of the following is NOT true about Cybercab? A．Cybercab is a taxi without a driver. B．It will cost less than $30,000 to make a Cybercab. C．You will use a steering wheel when sitting in a Cybercab. 3．What does the underlined word “chores” mean? A．Homework. B．Housework. C．Farm work. 4．What can we infer (推断) from Tesla’s event?? A．We can see Robovans on the roads by 2026. B．Tesla’s cool new things will make people’s lives much easier. C．Cybercab is the coolest and the most popular car in the world now. 【答案】1．C 2．C 3．B 4．B 【导语】本文介绍了特斯拉在“WE, ROBOT”发布会上展示的几项创新技术，包括自动驾驶出租车Cybercab、可载客或运货的Robovan，以及能帮助做家务的机器人Optimus，展示了特斯拉在未来科技方面的进步和对人们生活的潜在影响。 1．细节理解题。根据文章内容可知，特斯拉在活动中展示了三种新奇的东西：Cybercab、Robovan和Optimus。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“It doesn’t even have a steering wheel or pedals .”可知，Cybercab这种新型出租车中没有方向盘。故选C。 3．词句猜测题。根据“This robot can help with chores, like cleaning or cooking.”可知，chores指的是家务活。故选B。 4．推理判断题。根据“It’s clear that Tesla is always trying to make new and better things to make our lives easier.”可知，特斯拉的新发明让人们的生活更加便捷。故选B。 Passage 3 （24-25八年级上·湖南省长沙市雅礼教育集团·期中） If you go to a club and pay to hear someone tell funny stories, there is a performance called “stand-up”. Stand-up comedy (单口喜剧) started in Britain and the US more than 150 years ago. It has come a long way in the West, but it is a new kind of TV show in China. More and more young people began watching stand-up comedy, and some even started doing it part-time. Unlike the Western’s, the Chinese stand-up comedy is much shorter, lasting five to ten minutes long. So far, the most popular one in China is Stand-up Comedy 2024 on the Internet. More than 50 performers from China and abroad join the show. A graduate (研究生) talks about the problems when he is looking for jobs. A British man tells his funny stories while living in China. A grandpa shares what happened to him and his children when they live together. Their colorful stories and different ideas on life put wonder into this season’s program. The show is such a big success that it has opened a door to the golden age of stand-up comedy. Today there are stand-up clubs around the world. Why is stand-up comedy so popular? Because people think it is simple and fun. All you need is one person to stand up and make the whole room laugh. The performers are telling their own stories in a straightforward (直接的) and funny way, which makes people forget about their worries and leave a big smile on their faces. So if you’re looking for a good time full of laughter, choose stand-up comedy. 1．How is the Chinese stand-up comedy different from the Western’s? A．It is shorter. B．It is longer. C．It is better. 2．What does the underlined word “abroad” in Paragraph 2 mean? A．国内的 B．国外的 C．家乡的 3．What are the grandpa’s stories about in Stand-up Comedy 2024? A．Looking for jobs. B．Living in China. C．Living with his kids. 4．What can we infer (推测) from the writer’s opinion? A．Old habits die hard. B．Two heads are better than one. C．Laughter is the key to happiness. 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．C 4．C 【导语】本文介绍了单口喜剧的发展及其在中国的流行。 1．细节理解题。根据“Unlike the Western’s, the Chinese stand-up comedy is much shorter, lasting five to ten minutes long.”可知，中国的单口喜剧比西方的更短。故选A。 2．词义猜测题。根据“More than 50 performers from China and abroad join the show.”和“A British man”可知，这个节目中有英国人参加，说明abroad指的是来自国外的表演者。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据“A grandpa shares what happened to him and his children when they live together.”可知，祖父的故事是关于和孩子们一起生活的经历。故选C。 4．推理判断题。根据“ The performers are telling their own stories in a straightforward (直接的) and funny way, which makes people forget about their worries and leave a big smile on their faces”可知，作者认为笑声是快乐的关键。故选C。 主题02 人与社会——事理说明文 Passage 1 （23-24八年级上·湖南省长沙市浏阳市初级青草中学·期中） Being outgoing is good for your life. Those who are more outgoing like to meet lots of people and have more fun in life. In fact, being outgoing is not so hard as you think. Even shy people can be outgoing. You can start becoming outgoing with your best friend. But the difficulty comes when you meet strangers or new friends. Smile more, and usually they will return your smile. In this way, you may have more talks. Start a talk, and just a simple “Hello!” or “How is it going?” is a good start. If you want to make interesting talks, you should read news in newspapers and prepare your views (看法), or surf the Internet for new information and then keep them in mind. The easiest way to become more outgoing is to go out. This is also the most important step. Go to a park, beach, club, party or any other place that you think can be fun. 1．You should start to be outgoing with ________. A．your parents B．your teachers C．your best friend 2．The easiest way to become more outgoing is ________. A．talking B．smiling C．going out 3．The underlined word “they” refers to ________. A．strangers or new friends B．your best friend C．lots of people 4．Which is NOT the writer’s idea? A．Being outgoing is really difficult. B．Being outgoing is good for your life. C．Being outgoing helps people have more fun. 【答案】1．C 2．C 3．A 4．A 【来源】湖南省长沙市浏阳市初级青草中学2023-2024学年八年级上学期期中英语试卷 【导语】本文介绍了外向的好处以及如何变得外向。 1．细节理解题。根据“You can start becoming outgoing with your best friend”可知你应该和最好的朋友一起变得外向。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“The easiest way to become more outgoing is to go out”可知变得更外向的最简单的方法就是出去。故选C。 3．词义猜测题。根据“But the difficulty comes when you meet strangers or new friends.”可知当你遇到陌生人或新朋友时，困难就来了，多微笑，陌生人或新朋友会回你微笑，故此处划线部分指代“陌生人或新朋友”。故选A。 4．细节理解题。根据“In fact, being outgoing is not so hard as you think. Even shy people can be outgoing”可知作者认为外向没有那么难。故选A。 Passage 2 （23-24八年级上·湖南省常德津市市·期中） Many people like to travel (旅行) when they have time off from school or work. They might go to their hometown to see their family, or travel somewhere far. But not everyone does this, more and more people are choosing to take a “stay-cation”. A stay-cation is a new word for a period (时期) of time when people stay at home on vacation or take day trips from their home to local (当地的) places of interest. Some people might travel around their city, visiting local parks and museums. Others might try countryside trips and take part in local festivals. People like me love to just stay at home. I had a stay-cation of my own over the summer. I slept late every day. I worked on music and played video games. I wasn’t too lonely. I had my cat to play with, and I got together with some of my friends around the city. Traveling is fun, but it’s also nice to just stay home and relax. It’s cheaper as well, since I don’t have to pay for travel. And you can choose to do whatever you like, if you want, just do nothing. There’s nothing wrong with that. 1．Which of the following things might people do during a stay-cation? A．Visiting local places of interest. B．Studying hard at school. C．Traveling to other cities. 2．What’s true about stay-cation? A．It’s a word that everyone knows. B．People like to travel during stay-cation. C．People may just stay at home during stay-cation. 3．What is Paragraph 3 mainly about? A．City life with friends. B．Holidays and vacations. C．My stay-cation experience. 4．What does the underlined word “that” in the last paragraph refer to? A．Doing nothing. B．Traveling around. C．Paying for travel. 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．C 4．A 【导语】本文是说明文，主要讲述了人们在放假时喜欢旅行，但越来越多的人选择“居家度假”。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段“A stay-cation is a new word for a period (时期) of time when people stay at home on vacation or take day trips from their home to local (当地的) places of interest.”可知，人们在居家度假时可能参观当地的名胜。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段“People like me love to just stay at home.”可知，居家度假的人们可以在假期呆在家里。故选C。 3．主旨大意题。通读第三段可知，本段主要讲述了作者的居家度假经历。故选C。 4．词句猜测题。根据第四段“And you can choose to do whatever you like, if you want, just do nothing. There’s nothing wrong with that .”可知，“that”指代上文的“do nothing”。故选A。 Passage 3 （23-24八年级上·湖南省永州市祁阳市·期中） Many people like to travel during their vacation. Some people travel in tour groups because they think it is safe and cheap. A tour guide takes care of the group and makes sure the group can see a lot of interesting and beautiful sights. Other people like traveling alone (独自地) or with friends. If you travel by yourself, you are free to see what you want to see. People travel for many reasons. Some people travel to learn more about other countries’ people, culture, food and languages. Some people travel for adventure (冒险). They want to do some different things, such as skiing, bungee jumping and mountain climbing. Other people like to shop when they travel. They look for new things or cheap ones. There are different ways to travel. Some people take trains, boats or buses, some fly and others drive cars. Some people like to travel slowly and spend a long time in each place, while others like to take quick tours and visit more places in a short time. 1．The underlined word “sights” in the first paragraph means ________in Chinese? A．视力 B．情景 C．风景 2．Why do some people like traveling alone? A．Because they want to see interesting sights. B．Because they are free to see what they want to see. C．Because they want to learn more about other countries 3．According to the passage, what do people travel for? A．Adventure. B．Learning more about another country or shopping. C．Both A and B． 4．Some people take quick tours because _________. A．they travel by car B．they like to visit many places in a short time C．they want to spend a long time in each place 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．C 4．B 【导语】本文主要讲述了很多人喜欢旅行，但是他们旅行的原因是不同的，而且人们的旅行方式也是不同的。 1．词义猜测题。根据“A tour guide takes care of the group and makes sure the group can see a lot of interesting and beautiful sights.”以及常识可知导游要确保这个旅游团能看到很多美丽的风景。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“If you travel by yourself, you are free to see what you want to see.”可知如果单独旅行的话，可以自由地看你想看的东西。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据“Some people travel to learn more about other countries’ people...Some people travel for adventure... Other people like to shop when they travel. ”可知有人旅游是为了了解其他的国家，有人是为了冒险，还有人是为了购物。故选C。 4．细节理解题。根据“ while others like to take quick tours and visit more places in a short time”可知喜欢快速旅行的人想要在短时间内参观更多的地方。故选B。 主题03 人与自我——事物说明文 Passage 1 （23-24八年级上·湖南省长沙市长郡集团某五校·期中） Luckin Coffee has worked with Guizhou Maotai, the maker of China’s national liquor, for an unusual drink: sauce-flavored latte (酱香拿铁). You can have it for only 38 yuan. People who order with an online coupon (优惠券) will be able to receive 50% off. The new drink quickly became well-known. Many users wanted to know if it was safe to drive after drinking it. The question “Can we drive a car after drinking that Maotai coffee?” was one of the hottest topics on Weibo on Monday, with 430 million views. Maotai’s baijiu is a kind of spirit that has 53% alcohol (酒精). It is also called “firewater” because of its strong taste. For its new tie-up with Luckin, each cup has just a little liquor, with an overall alcohol content of about 0. 5%. But the company suggests that drivers, teenagers and pregnant women should not drink the latte. Maotai is always popular with Chinese people. We can easily find that the red-and-white bottles of Maotai appears at important events in China. Last year, Maotai showed another surprising use of its liquor by opening a Maotai ice cream store, selling spiked desserts (加料甜酒) to people in the city of Zunyi, Guizhou province. This kind of dessert got a big hit, with nearly 10 million cups sold in a year, the company said. After working with Maotai, Luckin Coffee is once again a leading coffee brand in China, and now it has more than 10, 000 stores across 240 Chinese cities. 1．People who order a cup of sauce-flavored latte with an online coupon should pay ________. A．50 yuan B．19 yuan C．38 yuan 2．According to the company, some people shouldn’t drink sauce-flavored latte EXCEPT ________. A．Drivers B．Teenagers C．Adults 3．We can probably read this article in ________. A．a diary entry B．a dictionary C．a newspaper 4．The passage is mainly about ________. A．China’s famous national liquor, Maotai B．an unusual drink-sauce-flavored Latte C．how Luckin Coffee became the leading coffee brand in China 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．C 4．B 【导语】本文讲述了瑞幸咖啡与茅台合作推出的酱香拿铁。 1．细节理解题。根据题干“You can have it for only 38 yuan. People who order with an online coupon (优惠券) will be able to receive 50% off.”可知原价38元，使用优惠券支付一半价格即19元，故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“But the company suggests that drivers, teenagers and pregnant women should not drink the latte.”可知没有提到成年人，故选C。 3．推理判断题。文章内容介绍新饮品的推出及市场反响，符合新闻报道的特征，因此可能出现在报纸上，故选C。 4．主旨大意题。文章主要讲述了瑞幸咖啡与茅台合作推出的酱香拿铁，重点突出这一特殊饮品，故选B。 Passage 2 （23-24八年级上·湖南省岳阳市岳阳县·期中） The Ministry of Education (教育部) wants students to practice their sports skill. It wants to make homework for physical education classes. It also wants to cut down homework for math and language. Physical education helps improve children’s health in a big way. There was a survey (调查) in 2021. It said that as high as 53.6% of primary and secondary school students were shortsighted (近视的), and 81% among high school students. More physical activities helped with eyesight problems in children. The survey also said 15.7% of Grade 1 students had eyesight problems. But in Grade 6, it was 59%. Those six years were important for helping with their eyesight. 40 minutes of outdoor activities every day helps a lot. It can help students to relax their eyes. It can also help their bodies to have vitamin D．For preschool children, they’d better have outdoor sports activities every day. For those aged between 7 and 12, they’d better exercise for at least an hour every day. After outdoor activities, children can have a sound sleep. This will help their bodies grow faster. 1．We may read this passage in a ________. A．newspaper B．storybook C．novel 2．In Para 2, the writer shows serious eyesight problems by showing us ________. A．a picture of a boy B．the result of a survey C．the time students need to exercise 3．According to the passage, a 10-year-old boy should exercise for at least ________ minutes. A．40 B．50 C．60 4．The passage mainly talks about students should ________. A．care for their eyesight B．do more physical activities C．learn more language 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．C 4．B 【导语】本文主要通过数据来说明锻炼对学生的好处。 1．推理判断题。根据第一段以及结合文章数据显示可知，教育部想要锻炼学生的运动技能，让体育课变成作业，减少数学和语言的家庭作业，所以我们可能在报纸上读到这篇文章。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段“There was a survey in 2021.”可知第二段列出的视力问题是调查结果。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据第三段“For those aged between 7 and 12, they’d better exercise for at least an hour every day. ” 可知，7至12岁的儿童最好每天至少锻炼一小时，即10岁的孩子每天至少锻炼60分钟。故选C。 4．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍孩子们进行体育锻炼的好处。故选B。 主题04 人与自我——事理说明文 Passage 1 （24-25八年级上·湖南省长沙市长郡教育集团·期中） Food is very important for many people because it gives them energy (能量) and makes them happy. But for some people, food can be a big problem. An art exhibition (展览) in Shanghai shows pictures and other works made by people who have eating problems. These artworks show their different feelings and fights about food. Doctor Chen Jue says people often think eating problems are just about eating too much, eating too little or not eating well. In fact, they are health problems that have something with how people feel inside. It’s said that people between 13 and 20 years old are most likely to have eating problems. But Doctor Chen says her youngest patient (病人) is only 7. And it’s common to see patients who are 11 or 12. “Nowadays, children are showed to the Internet world at a young age. People like to make their photos look better before putting them online. Usually they make their faces and bodies thinner,” says Chen. “Also, they often hear people like their parents talk about eating less to be thinner. Slowly, they will also think that a thin body means beauty and popularity,” she says. Zhang Qinwen, once a patient for many years, took part in the exhibition. She hopes that people can understand the importance of eating problems through art. “What I want to say most is to tell people that every time they eat a meal, they can feel happiness, and I hope that more and more people will take part in the exhibition,” says Zhang, “The aim (目标) of it is to help people better understand the problems and patients to show more care.” 1．What do eating problems mean according to the passage? A．Not eating well. B．Eating too much or too little. C．Health problems about how people feel in their mind. 2．What does Chen Jue tell us in Paragraph 4? A．The problems of the Internet world. B．The reasons why children have eating problems. C．The results of making one’s face or body thinner. 3．What does the word “it” in the last paragraph refer to? A．Art. B．The exhibition. C．Happiness. 4．Why does the writer write the passage? A．To ask more people to draw pictures for the exhibition. B．To tell people especially teenagers that to be thin is not to be beautiful. C．To help people understand eating problems better and care the patients more. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．B 4．C 【导语】本文介绍了上海一个艺术展览，展示饮食问题患者的作品，强调饮食问题与心理健康有关。 1．细节理解题。根据“An art exhibition (展览) in Shanghai shows pictures and other works made by people who have eating problems. These artworks show their different feelings and fights about food.”可知，文章中提到的饮食问题指的是饮食问题与人们的内心感受有关。故选C。 2．细节理解题。第四段提到孩子们接触网络和对瘦的追求是导致饮食问题的原因，这是对原因进行了解释。故选B。 3．词义猜测题。根据“The aim (目标) of it is to help people better understand the problems and patients to show more care.”可知，本句中的it指的是上文提到的展览。故选B。 4．细节理解题。根据“The aim (目标) of it is to help people better understand the problems and patients to show more care.”以及文章内容可知，本文通过展览和专家的观点，旨在帮助人们更好地理解饮食问题并关心患者。故选C。 Passage 2 （23-24八年级上·湖南省常德市澧县·期中） Being outgoing is good for your life. Those who are more outgoing may have more fun in life. In fact, being outgoing is not so hard as you think. Even shy people can be outgoing. You can start becoming outgoing with your best friends or a group of friends. But the real challenge (挑战) comes when you meet strange people. Smile more, and usually they will return your smile. In this way, you may have some more talks. Start a talk. Just a simple “Hello” or “How is it going” is a good start. If you want to make interesting talks, you should read news in the newspapers and prepare (准备) your views, or surf the Internet for new information and then keep that in mind. The easier way to become more outgoing is to go out. This is also the most important step. Go to a park, the beach, a club, a party or any other places that you think can be fun, and you may make new friends there. 1．Who should you start to be outgoing with? A．Your parents. B．Your best friend. C．Your new friends. 2．What is the easiest way to become more outgoing? A．To talk. B．To smile. C．To go out. 3．Where may you make new friends? A．The places that you think can be fun. B．The places that you think can be quiet. C．The places that you think can be clean. 4．Which is NOT the writer’s view (观点)? A．Being outgoing is really difficult. B．Being outgoing is good for our life. C．Being outgoing can help people have more fun. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．A 4．A 【导语】本文讲述了如何变得更加外向，以及外向对生活的积极影响。 1．细节理解题。根据“You can start becoming outgoing with your best friends or a group of friends.” 可知，你应该从你的好朋友或者朋友团体开始变得外向。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“The easier way to become more outgoing is to go out.”可知，变得更外向的最简单方法是走出去。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据“Go to a park, the beach, a club, a party or any other places that you think can be fun, and you may make new friends there.”可知，可以在你认为有趣的地方交新朋友。故选A。 4．细节理解题。根据“In fact, being outgoing is not so hard as you think.”可知，作者认为变得外向没有想象得那么难。故选A。 Passage 3 （23-24八年级上·湖南师范大学附属中学集团·期中） Change is all around us. A change of seasons from summer to autumn, or a change of friendships or school if you move house or are going to high school in the future. Change affects (影响) everybody, but we don’t all feel change in the same way. Some people are as “cool as a cucumber (黄瓜)” and nothing worries them although the changes are pretty big. Other people can be as “jumpy as a kangaroo” and can be affected by even the smallest changes. So, what can you do if you are faced with some changes, and you’re not sure what to do? Well, it’s important to know that young people are not always ready to deal with changes. That’s because young people’s brains (大脑) are still growing. Your brain affects your thoughts, big decisions, actions and feelings. It’s also important for kids to know that it is proper (合理的) to ask for help from an adult. That may be a parent or grandparent, aunt or uncle, teacher, neighbor or even an older brother or sister. Change can sometimes be hard or make you worry, but you don’t have to face it alone. 1．What does the underlined phrase “cool as a cucumber” mean? A．闷闷不乐 B．坐立不安 C．镇定自若 2．What changes are NOT mentioned in the passage? A．Changes of lifestyle. B．Changes of seasons. C．Changes of friendships. 3．How do we deal with changes? A．We should know that young people are always ready to face changes. B．We should know that it’s OK to ask for help from parents. C．We should relax ourselves when we are worried about the changes. 4．What is the main idea of this passage? A．The passage gives us suggestions on dealing with changes. B．The passage introduces different changes in our life. C．The passage talks about how brains affect thoughts, decisions, actions and feelings. 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．B 4．A 【导语】本文主要针对如何应对变化提出了几点建议。 1．词义猜测题。根据第二段“Some people are as ‘cool as a cucumber (黄瓜)’ and nothing worries them although the changes are pretty big.”可知，尽管变化很大，但是有些人并不担心，非常镇定。由此猜测，“cool as a cucumber”意为“镇定自若”。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据第一段“A change of seasons from summer to autumn, or a change of friendships or school if you move house or are going to high school in the future.”可知，文中没有提到生活方式的变化。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“It’s also important for kids to know that it is proper (合理的) to ask for help from an adult. That may be a parent...”可知，应对变化时，我们应该知道向父母求助是可以的。故选B。 4．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要针对如何应对变化提出了几点建议。故选A。 主题05 人与自然 Passage 1 （23-24八年级上·湖南省长沙市长郡教育集团联考·期中） China’s 12th manned spaceflight（载人航天）, the Shenzhou XI mission, launched（发射） successfully on Oct. 26, 2023. It sent three astronauts—Tang Hongbo, Tang Shengjie and Jiang Xinlin to the Tiangong space station. The launch came just a few as after China celebrated the 20h anniversary（周年） of its first manned mission（任务）. On Oct 15, 2003, Yang Liwei, China’s space hero, made the country’s dream of getting into outer space come true. Yang once said, “All astronauts for the manned lunar missions（登月任务） must have the experience of traveling to the Tiangong space station.” So the Shenzhou XⅦ manned mission makes the country get closer to its dream of walking on the moon. The Shenzhou XⅦ crew（航天员乘组） is planned to stay inside the Tiangong for around six months and return to Earth around April. Their tasks include some usual tasks such as doing scientific experiments, having spacewalks to install（安装）things, checking the station and collecting（收集） some important data（数据）, as well as helping to test the support abilities from the ground. The Shenzhou XⅦ mission and its crew also have many firsts. The crew is the youngest of all China’s manned missions, with an average（平均的） age of 38. It is also the first to have members from the second-generation and the third-generation astronauts. Tang Hongbo, finishing his first space mission about two years ago, is the first space traveler to revisit China’s Tiangong space station. 1．Who was sent to the Tiangong space station in 2003? A．Yang Liwei. B．Tang Shengjie. C．Tang Hongbo. 2．________ is necessary for the astronauts for the manned lunar missions. A．Testing the spacecraft on the ground B．Experience at the Tiangong space station C．Revisiting the Tiangong space station 3．Which is TRUE according to the passage? A．Astronauts will back to Earth in April 2023. B．No experiments will be done at the station. C．Astronauts need to collect important data. 4．What is the main idea of Paragraph 5? A．China’s Tiangong space station. B．A brief introduction of the Shenzhou XⅦ. C．New tries of the Shenzhou XⅦ and its crew. 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．C 4．C 【导语】本文主要介绍神舟十七号号载人宇宙飞船宇航员将在天宫内待6个月并完成些重要任务。 1．细节理解题。根据“ On Oct 15, 2003, Yang Liwei, China’s space hero, made the country’s dream of getting into outer space come true.”可知2003年杨利伟被送往天宫空间站。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据“All astronauts for the manned lunar missions（登月任务） must have the experience of traveling to the Tiangong space station.”可知天宫空间站的经历对于执行载人登月任务的宇航员来说是必要的。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据“Their tasks include some usual tasks such as doing scientific experiments, having spacewalks to install（安装）things, checking the station and collecting（收集） some important data（数据）, as well as helping to test the support abilities from the ground.”可知宇航员需要收集重要的数据。故选C。 4．段落大意题。根据“The Shenzhou XⅦ mission and its crew also have many firsts.”（神舟十七号任务及其机组人员也创造了许多第一次。）可知第五段主要介绍了神舟十七号及其机组人员的新尝试。故选C。 / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $