专题02 阅读理解（说明文）（期中真题汇编，辽宁专用）八年级英语上学期

专题02 阅读理解 说明文 主题01 人与社会——科技与文化 Passage 1 24-25八年级上·辽宁省沈阳市第七中学 ·期中 There are 56 ethnic (民族的) groups in China. Different ethnic groups have their own special cultures. Let’s enjoy some of them. The Bai people use a very old way, tie-dye (扎染), to dye clothes. Tie-dye has a history of nearly 1,500 years. During the Tang and Song Dynasties, people chose tie-dyed clothes as gifts. The Mongolian people live in the Mongolian yurts (蒙古包). These yurts are large round tents and their tops look like umbrellas. They are the traditional homes of the Mongolian people. The yurts are usually white because they’re made of wool. And white is a symbol of happiness. The Zhuang people like singing even more than talking. On the third day of the third Chinese lunar (阴历的) month, they hold a big singing festival. It is thrilling and wonderful. Men and women singers sing in pairs. The winners are the “king” and “queen” of singing. The Miao people have a special festival, Manghao Festival. It’s in the first Chinese lunar month every year. The Miao people regard Manghao as a hero who helped to protect their homes. At the festival, young men dress up like Manghao and touch others to send good wishes. 1．________ use an old way, tie-dye, to dye clothes. A．The Bai people B．The Miao people C．The Zhuang people D．The Mongolian people 2．The underlined word “thrilling” in Paragraph 4 probably means “________”. A．common B．strange C．exciting D．uninteresting 3．How do young people celebrate (庆祝) Manghao Festival? A．By singing beautiful songs in pairs. B．By putting up large round tents. C．By choosing tie-dyed clothes as gifts. D．By dressing up and touching others. 4．How is the text organized? (①= Paragraph 1, ②= Paragraph 2, …) A． B． C． D． Passage 2 24-25八年级上·辽宁省沈阳市第七中学 ·期中 Feng Jiangtao from Hunan is a miniature (微缩模型) artist. The 32-year-old has made more than 40 miniatures for people around the country. He helps to make the old houses that carry people’s memories (记忆). Making miniatures is not easy. It usually takes Feng about 10 days to finish a miniature. He makes them in the ratio (比例) of 1:30 to the home’s real size. To better make the old houses, he uses real building materials (材料), such as cement (水泥), wood, and soil. Making the houses look old can be difficult. Feng gets different colors through water colours and then begins to paint. Colors come in different shades (色度). If it’s too dark, he has to wash it off and start again. Every miniature has a story behind it. A post-90s girl once asked him to remake an old house in her hometown Jiangxi. She used to live there with her parents. She then sent the model to her mother as a gift to keep the memory of her deceased (已故的) father. The miniature of the old house greatly shows the warm family love. And it treasures the good old days that are gone forever. 5．What does the underlined word “them” in Paragraph 2 refer to? A．Gifts. B．Colors. C．Miniatures. D．Memories. 6．What can we know from the text? A．It is not difficult to make the houses look old. B．It takes Feng about ten months to finish a miniature. C．All the miniatures have their own stories behind them. D．Feng made a lot of money by making miniatures. 7．How does the writer develop (发展) his idea in Paragraph 4? A．By asking questions. B．By giving an example. C．By listing (列举) numbers. D．By drawing a chart (图表). 8．Which of the following can be the best title for the text? A．Miniatures appear in different sizes. B．Miniatures are made of real building materials. C．Miniatures are really colourful and practical. D．Miniatures keep people’s warm memories. Passage 3 24-25八年级上·辽宁省阳市大东区 ·期中 When you use a computer, do you think about the mouse? This little plastic tool makes using computers so much easier. It has a history that goes back more than 50 years. In 1963, American computer pioneer Douglas Engelbart invented a prototype (原型) mouse. On April 27, 1981, the first computer system with a mouse and user interface (界面) appeared. This design plays an important part in the personal computing world even today. The invention of the mouse was the beginning of a new age. Before the mouse, computer users had to use complex (复杂的) tools and difficult code (编码) to connect with their computers. Some say developments like the touchscreen iPad will mean the end of the mouse, but others believe the mouse will be around for a while longer. “It’s easy to learn, and you don’t need to take your eyes off the screen to use it. These are the reasons for its long life.” says Ken Perlin, a professor at New York University. Scientists are now working on adding new things to the mouse. Recently, they made a “soft mouse”, which is made from a soft plastic material. Using it is like touching a cat, so some computer users have started calling it a “cat” There is an Internet saying: One day the “cat” may eat the “mouse”. 9．It was ______ for computer users to connect with their computers before the invention of the mouse. A．impossible B．interesting C．easy D．difficult 10．What can we know from the text? A．Scientists have invented a “soft mouse” made from cloth. B．The touch screen iPad will surely end the use of the mouse. C．We can use the computer without looking at the mouse. D．The mouse was invented by a Japanese many years ago. 11．What does the text mainly talk about? A．An American computer pioneer. B．A useful tool—the mouse. C．The history of the computer. D．A new tool—the “cat” 12．The text above is probably taken from a ______. A．science book B．storybook C．geography book D．picture book Passage 4 24-25八年级上·辽宁省沈阳市第一二六中学集团 ·期中 The abacus The abacus was perhaps the first type of computer. People started using it over 4, 000 years ago to do maths. It was used in ancient China, Rome, Egypt and Greece. Today some people still use the abacus. The Kongming Lantern and the hot-air balloon The Kongming Lantern is very popular all over Asia. It is a kind of paper lantern with a closed top and a small candle inside. The candle heats the air inside the lantern and makes it rise. People use the Kongming Lantern on important days and during festivals. The invention of paper Paper is an important invention. It appeared in China around 2,000 years ago and the way of making paper was later greatly developed by Cai Lun. Before the invention of paper, people had to remember lots of information or write it on stone, wood, leaves, etc. Today everyone in the world uses paper. With paper, we can make books and print newspapers. Sharing information is a lot easier with the help of paper. 13．How many countries used the abacus in ancient times? A．3. B．4. C．5. D．6. 14．The Kongming Lantern includes something EXCEPT ________. A．paper surface (表面) B．a candle C．a balloon D．a closed top. 15．What can people do with paper? ①share information  ②print newspapers ③celebrate important days and festivals  ④make books A．①②③ B．①③④ C．①②④ D．②③④ 16．What is the passage mainly about? A．Festivals. B．Books. C．Computers. D．Inventions. Passage 5 24-25八年级上·辽宁省沈阳市铁西区 ·期中 ①Taking a photo every day and then sharing it online improve (提高) your well-being. That’s what scientists found after studying a group of people who joined in the photo-a-day project. ②In this project, scientists picked people from 20 to 60 years old. These people posted a photo on the Internet each day. For two months, the scientists recorded the photos, any words with the photos, and how the people felt. ③The scientists found that taking photos and sharing daily photos helps people care more about themselves. Jeff, a student from the University of California, San Diego, said, “I work a lot, but I make time to relax and take a photo of something small, like an ant on my desk. This little break is really good.” ④Looking at the photos helps people feel like they have a goal. Tommy Brown , a 55-year-old artist, said, “It makes me want to go out, even if I just want to sit and have tea.” Also, when friends and family comment (评论) on the photos, it helps people feel closer and less lonely. Besides, photo-a-day helps people look back on their own life. When you’ re sad, it’s nice to see these photos and they will bring back lots of good memories (记忆). ⑤So the scientists found out that taking a photo every day is not only a simple practice but also a way to make people feel happier. 17．What can we learn from Paragraph 2? A．How the project worked. B．How the volunteers were chosen (选择). C．How the people chose the photos. D．How the project influenced our daily life. 18．In Jeff’s opinion, taking photos ________. A．helps him relaxed B．makes him feel less lonely C．helps him remember happy things D．gives him a chance to go out of the house 19．How is the text organized? A． B． C． D． 20．What is the main idea of the text? A．A study shows that professional (专业的) photographers are happier. B．The “photo-a-day” project is only for people who are skilled at photography. C．Sharing photos online became very popular among people aged 20 to 60. D．Taking and sharing a photo every day can improve a person’s happiness. 主题02 人与社会——科普 Passage 1 24-25八年级上·辽宁省丹东市东港市 ·期中 Do you want to live a happier life? Try laughing for no reason. That’s how many people start their day at Laughter Yoga (瑜伽) Clubs around the world, and many doctors now think that having a good laugh might be one of the best ways to stay healthy. The first Laughter Yoga Club was started in Mumbai, India, in 1995 by Dr. Madan Kataria. “Young children laugh about 300 times a day. Adults laugh between 7 and 15 times a day,” says Dr. Kataria. “Everyone is naturally good at laughing. We want people to feel happy with their lives.” A study at the UCLA School of Medicine in California shows that laughter reduces stress (减缓压力) and is very good for the heart. Laughter Yoga is used in many hospitals for the illness treatment (疾病治疗) and it is also practiced in schools, factories and old people’s homes. So what is Laughter Yoga? I went to my nearest Laughter Yoga Club to find out. I was quite nervous about it. I didn’t like the idea of laughing with others. First, our laughter teacher told us to clap our hands and say, “Ho ho ho, ha ha ha.” He said our bodies can’t tell the difference between fake laughter and real laughter, so they both work. After ten minutes everybody in the room was laughing for real! We did different kinds of laughter exercises and finally I was surprised by how relaxed I felt. So if you’re sad (伤心的) about something, just start laughing. As Dr. Kataria says, “When you laugh, you change, and when you change, the world around you changes.” 21．How does the writer begin the text? A．By telling a story. B．By giving an example. C．By asking a question. D．By listing (列出) numbers. 22．What does “it” in paragraph 3 refer to (指代)? A．Laughter. B．The study. C．Illness treatment. D．Laughter Yoga. 23．How did the writer feel in his Laughter Yoga Club experience? a. Nervous.         b. Surprised.         c. Sad             d. Relaxed. A．abd B．abc C．acd D．bcd 24．What’s the writer’s purpose (目的) in writing the text? A．To ask us to join Laughter Yoga Club. B．To show us different ways of laughing. C．To advise us to laugh for a happier life D．To tell us different kinds of Laughter Yoga Clubs. 【答案】21．C 22．D 23．A 24．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了大笑瑜伽的相关内容，建议人们笑一笑以使生活更加幸福。 21．细节理解题。根据第一段第一句“Do you want to live a happier life?”可知，这篇文章是以一个问题开始的。故选C。 22．细节理解题。根据第三段“Laughter Yoga is used in many hospitals for the illness treatment and it is also practiced in schools, factories and old people’s homes.”可知此处指大笑瑜伽也被用于学校、工厂和老年之家，由此可知it指代大笑瑜伽。故选D。 23．细节理解题。根据第四段“I was quite nervous about it.”和第四段最后一句“We did different kinds of laughter exercises and finally I was surprised by how relaxed I felt.”可知作者在大笑俱乐部中刚开始感到紧张，后面感到惊讶和放松。故选A。 24． 主旨大意题。根据第一段第一句“Do you want to live a happier life? Try laughing for no reason.”及全文内容可知本文主要介绍了大笑瑜伽，建议人们笑一笑以使生活更幸福。故选C。 主题03 人与社会——地理 Passage 1 24-25八年级上·辽宁省大连市名校联盟 ·期中 In China, Sichuan is a very interesting place in many ways. Here are some of the things that make Sichuan special. Sichuan is home to giant pandas. Bamboo is their favorite food. They are cute with black and white fur (皮毛), so people all over the world like to go to Sichuan to see them in nature parks. They are so amazing that they become a symbol of China. Everyone in China knows Sichuan food is super spicy! The reason is the Sichuan pepper, a special kind of pepper that makes your tongue (舌头) feel like it’s dancing with a little electricity. Try Sichuan hot pot or mapo tofu to taste it! In Sichuan, there’s a dream place everyone wants to visit—Jiuzhaigou. The plants there are quite green, the water is very clear and the air is rather fresh. Tourists say when they visit this place, it’s just like walking in a huge painting. You can enjoy the beautiful views and feel close to nature. Sichuan is filled with ancient places that are very old and interesting. The Dujiangyan Irrigation System (灌溉系统) is a great water project. It was built long time ago and it still helps to water the plants and farms now. Besides, Du Fu Thatched Cottage (杜甫草堂) is also worth visiting in Chengdu. So next time you hear about Sichuan, think about pandas, spicy food, pretty scenery and old interesting places. Sichuan is a lovely place with many amazing stories and cultural treasures to share! 25．How many kinds of special things about Sichuan are there in the text? A．Two. B．Three. C．Four. D．Five. 26．Why do people like to see pandas? A．Because they are giant. B．Because they like eating bamboo. C．Because they live in nature parks. D．Because they’ re cute with black and white fur. 27．How do tourists like Jiuzhaigou? A．Shining. B．Amazing. C．Crowded. D．Ancient. 28．What can help water the plants and farms in the passage? A．Sichuan hot pot. B．Jiuzhaigou. C．Du Fu Thatched Cottage. D．The Dujiangyan Irrigation System. 主题04 人与社会——科学与技术 Passage 1 24-25八年级上·辽宁省沈阳市第四十三中学 ·期中 ①A smartphone is a phone that combines (合并) things like a phone, clock, camera and computer into one small device (装置). It can make calls like a phone, but it can also access the Internet. Using the Internet, smartphones can play music, take pictures and videos, and check the weather in cities all around the world. But how did the age of smartphones begin? ②In 1992, the company IBM created the first smartphone. It was a phone that included a program for writing notes to remember things. It also had a program for showing people dates and times of planned events. This early smartphone could send emails as well. However, this phone never became very popular. For one thing, it was too expensive for many people. ③Other companies then started to work on new phone technology. Companies such as Nokia and Ericsson next introduced their smartphones to the market. In fact, it was the Ericsson company that created the word “smartphone” in 1997. However, these smartphones also achieved little success. ④In 1999, the Blackberry was introduced. This was the first smartphone that was widely used by phone users. The Blackberry was a phone with a keyboard that made it easy to use the Internet and send text messages and emails. The Blackberry was popular with people working in business or in technology. But common phone users still didn’t buy many of them. ⑤In 2007, Apple introduced the iPhone. Not long after that, in 2008, Google introduced the Android phone to the world. These new smartphones from Apple and Google were marketed to all phone users. The goal was to make the smartphone easy to use and something everyone would want. Just as hoped, less than 10 years later, there were over 2 billion smartphone users. Not only is it safe to say that smartphones are taking over the world, but there will soon be a time when people can’t remember when phones only made calls. 29．What does the underlined word access probably mean in the passage? A．connect to B．take in C．check out D．turn off 30．Which is NOT the advantage of the first smartphone? A．It helped people remember things by writing notes with a program. B．It could show people dates and times of planned events. C．People could send emails with it. D．It didn’t cost people too much. 31．Which company invented the word “smartphone”? A．Nokia. B．Ericsson. C．Blackberry. D．Apple. 32．Which of the following best shows the structure (结构) of the passage? A． B． C． D． Passage 2 24-25八年级上·辽宁省沈阳市沈北新区 ·期中 Though chopsticks are used in many Asian countries, they have their beginning in China. Chinese history says that the Chinese had chopsticks as far as the Xia Dynasty (about 4, 000 years ago). In the Spring and Autumn Period, copper and iron chopsticks appeared. Then in Han Dynasty lacquered (上漆) chopsticks came. Gold and silver chopsticks followed later. Today we have chopsticks made of plastics. The most expensive chopsticks are made of part of tusks of elephants and hard green stones. Chopsticks tell Chinese tradition in their way. In ancient times the rich used hard green stone or gold chopsticks to show their wealth. In history many kings used silver chopsticks to take their food to see if it was poisonous (有毒的). It was said that if it was, the silver chopsticks would turn black. Chopsticks are traditionally given to a daughter when she marries to show that they should have a son very soon. Tianzhu chopsticks from Hangzhou, wooden chopsticks from Shanyang of Shanxi Province, and Beijing’s chopsticks are well-known. Many Westerners, tourists put aside their knives and forks in favor of chopsticks in China. Chopsticks appeared in the old Chinese story: an old man teaches his sons a lesson by showing how he could easily break a single chopstick but not a number of them. In China, chopsticks are connected with good luck. So on the New Year’s Eve many families will lay out new chopsticks at dinners as a way of making wishes for luck. 33．When did chopsticks first appear? A．In the Xia Dynasty. B．In the Spring and Autumn Period. C．In the Han Dynasty. D．About 400 years ago. 34．Which kind of chopsticks cost most? A．Silver chopsticks. B．Copper chopsticks. C．Hard green stone chopsticks. D．Lacquered chopsticks. 35．Why did many kings use silver chopsticks in ancient times? A．To show that they were rich. B．To make sure that their food were safe. C．To show the Chinese tradition. D．To show that they had many sons. 36．Which of the following statements is true according to the text? A．Plastic chopsticks appeared much earlier than iron ones. B．Wooden chopsticks from Hangzhou are well known. C．Many Westerners prefer chopsticks to forks and knives in China. D．People used chopsticks to teach students in the past. Passage 3 24-25八年级上·辽宁省沈阳市第四十三中学 ·期中 Most of us cannot imagine modern life without social media(社交媒体). We use it almost every day in order to keep up with what is happening in our friends’ lives, or find out the latest information. Although it has a bad influence if we don’t use it properly, social media has done more good than harm. The greatest advantage is that we can connect with people much more easily. We are still able to keep in touch with our friends if they are far away. With social media, friendship goes beyond geography. We are able to find friends old and new. Also, it makes it easier for us to make friends, especially for those who are afraid of making friends face to face. Are you shy? If yes, social media has probably helped. Social media is also ideal for making yourself heard. Anyone with a voice can express it. Anyone with a talent is free to show it. Everyone is the new content creator. Moreover, anyone with a smartphone and the Internet can be a reporter. As a result, it has become much faster to cover the news than ever before. Social media, on the other hand, can make us less confident sometimes. A 2021 study published by the Public Library of Science, found that the more a person uses social media, the sadder he feels about his own life. One reason for this is that people around us put colourful information and perfect pictures online in order to show off their best moment. So we often get a distorted sense of how wonderful their lives are compared to our own. Social media does not cause sadness; it simply provides another tool for us to use. Is it good or bad? Nobel Peace Prize winner Malala Yousafzai says, “What is interesting is the power and influence of social media ... We must try to use social media in a good way.” After all, you decide how you use this powerful tool. 37．What is the greatest advantage of social media according to the passage? A．Expressing our voices freely. B．Showing our talents to others. C．Recording the best side of our life. D．Connecting with people more easily. 38．What does the word “distorted” probably mean in Paragraph 4? A．clear B．different C．incorrect D．simple 39．Which picture shows the structure(结构) of the passage? (①=Paragraph 1, ...) A．B． C． D． 40．Which of the following can be the best title of the passage? A．Social Media: Our Friend Or Enemy? B．Social Media: To Use Or Not To Use? C．Social Media: Connecting The World D．Social Media: Making Yourself Heard 主题05 人与社会——科普 Passage 1 24-25八年级上·辽宁省沈阳市第四十三中学 ·期中 Sleep has never stopped since we were born. Some studies show that human beings sleep at least one third of our lives. How many sleeping hours are good for us? In general, it’s enough for an adult to sleep for eight hours to support activities and work of a day. However, does an old man also need to sleep as the same time as a young man? Someone may think so. For a retired (退休的) officer called Lao Lin who is over seventy years old said, “I wake up at 4:30 a.m. every day and go to bed at 9:30 p.m. But I wake up a few times in the middle of night.” Actually, the result showed that the function (功能) of the human body gets declined (衰退) with the increase of age. So the old will sleep less and less. In fact, for the old, to sleep for six hours a day is enough. As we all know, if a person lacks sleeping time, he may be tired. It is bad for his health. But is it good to sleep for a long time? The answer is “no”, especially for the old. Some studies show if old people sleep more than eight hours, they will get CVD (心血管疾病) more easily. Besides, to sleep longer makes the oxygen of the brain get less, so the old will get poor memory if they always sleep long. All in all, it’s not good to sleep too long or too short. Only when we control sleeping time can we be in good health. 41．According to the first paragraph, when a person died at 81 years old, how long he probably sleep in his life? A．For 24 years B．For 25 years C．For 26 years D．For 27 years 42．Which of the following is NOT true about the old? A．They should sleep as much as they can. B．The function of their body is getting decline. C．They may get sick if they sleep long more often. D．Their memory will get weak if they sleep long. 43．What’s the writer’s advice? A．To sleep long is good for health. B．To care more about the old. C．Learn to control your sleep time to live healthily. D．The old should sleep longer. 44．What’s the best title for the text? A．Bad effects of sleeping for a short time. B．How should old people keep healthy. C．How to get a good sleep. D．Sleeping time for people. Passage 2 主题06 人与社会——中国文化 24-25八年级上·辽宁省沈阳市第七中学 ·期中 Have you ever gotten stung（蛰）by a bee? Well, for 18-year-old Mikaila Ulmer from the US, her first bee sting at the age of 4 was a special experience. It let her make a difference and turned her into an entrepreneur. The bee sting scared Mikaila but it also made her interested in the insect. She soon learned how important bees are for the planet and how they are at risk（风险）of dying out. At not even 5 years old Mikaila wanted to do something to help save the bees. With her parents’ help, she set up a lemonade stand in her front yard. She used grandmother’s homemade lemonade recipe（食谱）and added a little bit of honey（蜂蜜）to it. The money from every lemonade she sold went to bee protection groups. But Mikaila wanted to do more. She made her special recipe into a product, called Me and the Bees Lemonade. At the age of 10, she went on a TV show with her dad to try to get public attention. It worked. Now, she sells her products at restaurants and stores across the country. In 2020, Mikaila brought out a book about her experience as an entrepreneur called Bee Fearless, Dream Like-a-Kid. She said “it’s important to dream like a kid, and as a kid, it’s the perfect age to start to realize what you enjoy and trying new things and taking risks.” 45．The underlined word “entrepreneur” is similar to ________. A．success B．businesswoman C．scientist D．bee keeper 46．How did Mikaila make money at age 5? A．She sold her parents’ lemonade stand. B．She sold her grandmother’s lemonade recipe. C．She went to work for bee protection groups. D．She sold lemonade drinks with honey. 47．What is “Me and the Bees Lemonade”? A．It’s a drink product made by Mikaila. B．It is the product of a TV show. C．It’s the name of an IT company. D．It is a book about Mikaila’s experience. 48．What would be the best title, for the passage? A．Stung? Help! B．I love the bee sting! C．A “bee” girl D．Goodbye, bees! 1 / 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题02 阅读理解 说明文 主题01 人与社会——科技与文化 Passage 1 24-25八年级上·辽宁省沈阳市第七中学 ·期中 There are 56 ethnic (民族的) groups in China. Different ethnic groups have their own special cultures. Let’s enjoy some of them. The Bai people use a very old way, tie-dye (扎染), to dye clothes. Tie-dye has a history of nearly 1,500 years. During the Tang and Song Dynasties, people chose tie-dyed clothes as gifts. The Mongolian people live in the Mongolian yurts (蒙古包). These yurts are large round tents and their tops look like umbrellas. They are the traditional homes of the Mongolian people. The yurts are usually white because they’re made of wool. And white is a symbol of happiness. The Zhuang people like singing even more than talking. On the third day of the third Chinese lunar (阴历的) month, they hold a big singing festival. It is thrilling and wonderful. Men and women singers sing in pairs. The winners are the “king” and “queen” of singing. The Miao people have a special festival, Manghao Festival. It’s in the first Chinese lunar month every year. The Miao people regard Manghao as a hero who helped to protect their homes. At the festival, young men dress up like Manghao and touch others to send good wishes. 1．________ use an old way, tie-dye, to dye clothes. A．The Bai people B．The Miao people C．The Zhuang people D．The Mongolian people 2．The underlined word “thrilling” in Paragraph 4 probably means “________”. A．common B．strange C．exciting D．uninteresting 3．How do young people celebrate (庆祝) Manghao Festival? A．By singing beautiful songs in pairs. B．By putting up large round tents. C．By choosing tie-dyed clothes as gifts. D．By dressing up and touching others. 4．How is the text organized? (①= Paragraph 1, ②= Paragraph 2, …) A． B． C． D． 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．D 4．B 【导语】本文介绍了中国部分少数民族的独特文化，包括白族的扎染、蒙古族的蒙古包、壮族的歌唱节和苗族的芒蒿节。 1．细节理解题。根据“The Bai people use a very old way, tie-dye (扎染), to dye clothes.”可知，白族人用一种非常古老的方法——扎染来给衣服染色。故选A。 2．词句猜测题。根据“Men and women singers sing in pairs. The winners are the ‘king’ and ‘queen’ of singing.”可知，男女歌手成对演唱，获胜者是“男歌王”和“女歌王”；由此判断三月三歌会是激动人心的和精彩的；“thrilling”表示“激动人心的”。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据“At the festival, young men dress up like Manghao and touch others to send good wishes.”可知，在这个节日里，年轻人打扮成芒篙的样子，用手触摸别人来传递美好的祝愿。故选D。 4．篇章结构题。通读全文可知，第一段是总述不同的民族有不同的文化；第二、三、四、五段具体介绍了白族、蒙古族、壮族和苗族的文化；因此本文是总-分结构。故选B。 Passage 2 24-25八年级上·辽宁省沈阳市第七中学 ·期中 Feng Jiangtao from Hunan is a miniature (微缩模型) artist. The 32-year-old has made more than 40 miniatures for people around the country. He helps to make the old houses that carry people’s memories (记忆). Making miniatures is not easy. It usually takes Feng about 10 days to finish a miniature. He makes them in the ratio (比例) of 1:30 to the home’s real size. To better make the old houses, he uses real building materials (材料), such as cement (水泥), wood, and soil. Making the houses look old can be difficult. Feng gets different colors through water colours and then begins to paint. Colors come in different shades (色度). If it’s too dark, he has to wash it off and start again. Every miniature has a story behind it. A post-90s girl once asked him to remake an old house in her hometown Jiangxi. She used to live there with her parents. She then sent the model to her mother as a gift to keep the memory of her deceased (已故的) father. The miniature of the old house greatly shows the warm family love. And it treasures the good old days that are gone forever. 5．What does the underlined word “them” in Paragraph 2 refer to? A．Gifts. B．Colors. C．Miniatures. D．Memories. 6．What can we know from the text? A．It is not difficult to make the houses look old. B．It takes Feng about ten months to finish a miniature. C．All the miniatures have their own stories behind them. D．Feng made a lot of money by making miniatures. 7．How does the writer develop (发展) his idea in Paragraph 4? A．By asking questions. B．By giving an example. C．By listing (列举) numbers. D．By drawing a chart (图表). 8．Which of the following can be the best title for the text? A．Miniatures appear in different sizes. B．Miniatures are made of real building materials. C．Miniatures are really colourful and practical. D．Miniatures keep people’s warm memories. 【答案】5．C 6．C 7．B 8．D 【导语】本文主要讲述了微缩模型艺术家冯江涛通过用微缩模型还原记忆中的老屋，以帮助人们记住过去的美好时光。 5．词义猜测题。根据“Making miniatures is not easy. It usually takes Feng about 10 days to finish a miniature. He makes them in the ratio (比例) of 1:30 to the home’s real size.”可知，制作微缩模型并不容易。通常，冯需要大约10天才能完成一个微缩模型。他以1:30的比例制作这些模型，与房子的实际大小相同。them指代“微缩模型”。故选C。 6．细节理解题。根据“Every miniature has a story behind it.”可知，所有的微缩模型背后都有着自己的故事。故选C。 7．细节理解题。根据“A post-90s girl once asked him to remake an old house in her hometown Jiangxi. She used to live there with her parents. She then sent the model to her mother as a gift to keep the memory of her deceased (已故的) father.”可知，第四段通过举例来发展他的思想。故选B。 8．最佳标题题。本文主要讲述了微缩模型艺术家冯江涛通过用微缩模型还原人们记忆中的老屋，以帮助人们记住过去的美好时光。D选项“微缩模型让人们保持温暖的记忆。”为最佳标题。故选D。 Passage 3 24-25八年级上·辽宁省阳市大东区 ·期中 When you use a computer, do you think about the mouse? This little plastic tool makes using computers so much easier. It has a history that goes back more than 50 years. In 1963, American computer pioneer Douglas Engelbart invented a prototype (原型) mouse. On April 27, 1981, the first computer system with a mouse and user interface (界面) appeared. This design plays an important part in the personal computing world even today. The invention of the mouse was the beginning of a new age. Before the mouse, computer users had to use complex (复杂的) tools and difficult code (编码) to connect with their computers. Some say developments like the touchscreen iPad will mean the end of the mouse, but others believe the mouse will be around for a while longer. “It’s easy to learn, and you don’t need to take your eyes off the screen to use it. These are the reasons for its long life.” says Ken Perlin, a professor at New York University. Scientists are now working on adding new things to the mouse. Recently, they made a “soft mouse”, which is made from a soft plastic material. Using it is like touching a cat, so some computer users have started calling it a “cat” There is an Internet saying: One day the “cat” may eat the “mouse”. 9．It was ______ for computer users to connect with their computers before the invention of the mouse. A．impossible B．interesting C．easy D．difficult 10．What can we know from the text? A．Scientists have invented a “soft mouse” made from cloth. B．The touch screen iPad will surely end the use of the mouse. C．We can use the computer without looking at the mouse. D．The mouse was invented by a Japanese many years ago. 11．What does the text mainly talk about? A．An American computer pioneer. B．A useful tool—the mouse. C．The history of the computer. D．A new tool—the “cat” 12．The text above is probably taken from a ______. A．science book B．storybook C．geography book D．picture book 【答案】9．D 10．C 11．B 12．A 【导语】本文主要介绍计算机鼠标的发展历程。 9．推理判断题。根据“Before the mouse, computer users had to use complex (复杂的) tools and difficult code (编码) to connect with their computers.”可知，在鼠标出现之前，电脑用户必须使用复杂的工具和复杂的代码来连接他们的电脑，可推测出在鼠标发明之前，电脑用户很难与他们的电脑连接。故选D。 10．细节理解题。根据“It’s easy to learn, and you don’t need to take your eyes off the screen to use it. These are the reasons for its long life.”可知，不用看鼠标就可以使用电脑。故选C。 11．主旨大意题。根据“When you use a computer, do you think about the mouse? This little plastic tool makes using computers so much easier.”可知，本文主要讲述的是一个有用的工具——鼠标。故选B。 12．推理判断题。本文主要讲述的是一个有用的工具——鼠标，最有可能来自一本科学书。故选A。 Passage 4 24-25八年级上·辽宁省沈阳市第一二六中学集团 ·期中 The abacus The abacus was perhaps the first type of computer. People started using it over 4, 000 years ago to do maths. It was used in ancient China, Rome, Egypt and Greece. Today some people still use the abacus. The Kongming Lantern and the hot-air balloon The Kongming Lantern is very popular all over Asia. It is a kind of paper lantern with a closed top and a small candle inside. The candle heats the air inside the lantern and makes it rise. People use the Kongming Lantern on important days and during festivals. The invention of paper Paper is an important invention. It appeared in China around 2,000 years ago and the way of making paper was later greatly developed by Cai Lun. Before the invention of paper, people had to remember lots of information or write it on stone, wood, leaves, etc. Today everyone in the world uses paper. With paper, we can make books and print newspapers. Sharing information is a lot easier with the help of paper. 13．How many countries used the abacus in ancient times? A．3. B．4. C．5. D．6. 14．The Kongming Lantern includes something EXCEPT ________. A．paper surface (表面) B．a candle C．a balloon D．a closed top. 15．What can people do with paper? ①share information  ②print newspapers ③celebrate important days and festivals  ④make books A．①②③ B．①③④ C．①②④ D．②③④ 16．What is the passage mainly about? A．Festivals. B．Books. C．Computers. D．Inventions. 【答案】13．B 14．C 15．C 16．D 【导语】本文介绍了算盘、孔明灯和纸的发明及其历史和重要性。 13．细节理解题。根据“It was used in ancient China, Rome, Egypt and Greece.”可知，古代有四个国家使用算盘。故选B。 14．细节理解题。根据“It is a kind of paper lantern with a closed top and a small candie inside. The candle heats the air inside the lantern and makes it rise.”可知，孔明灯是一种纸灯笼，顶部是封闭的，里面有一根小蜡烛，不包括热气球。故选C。 15．细节理解题。根据“With paper, we can make books and print newspapers. Sharing information is a lot easier with the help of paper.”可知，有了纸，我们可以制作制作书籍、印刷报纸和分享信息。故选C。 16．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文介绍了算盘、孔明灯和纸的发明及其历史和重要性；即本文是关于发明的。故选D。 Passage 5 24-25八年级上·辽宁省沈阳市铁西区 ·期中 ①Taking a photo every day and then sharing it online improve (提高) your well-being. That’s what scientists found after studying a group of people who joined in the photo-a-day project. ②In this project, scientists picked people from 20 to 60 years old. These people posted a photo on the Internet each day. For two months, the scientists recorded the photos, any words with the photos, and how the people felt. ③The scientists found that taking photos and sharing daily photos helps people care more about themselves. Jeff, a student from the University of California, San Diego, said, “I work a lot, but I make time to relax and take a photo of something small, like an ant on my desk. This little break is really good.” ④Looking at the photos helps people feel like they have a goal. Tommy Brown , a 55-year-old artist, said, “It makes me want to go out, even if I just want to sit and have tea.” Also, when friends and family comment (评论) on the photos, it helps people feel closer and less lonely. Besides, photo-a-day helps people look back on their own life. When you’ re sad, it’s nice to see these photos and they will bring back lots of good memories (记忆). ⑤So the scientists found out that taking a photo every day is not only a simple practice but also a way to make people feel happier. 17．What can we learn from Paragraph 2? A．How the project worked. B．How the volunteers were chosen (选择). C．How the people chose the photos. D．How the project influenced our daily life. 18．In Jeff’s opinion, taking photos ________. A．helps him relaxed B．makes him feel less lonely C．helps him remember happy things D．gives him a chance to go out of the house 19．How is the text organized? A． B． C． D． 20．What is the main idea of the text? A．A study shows that professional (专业的) photographers are happier. B．The “photo-a-day” project is only for people who are skilled at photography. C．Sharing photos online became very popular among people aged 20 to 60. D．Taking and sharing a photo every day can improve a person’s happiness. 【答案】17．A 18．A 19．D 20．D 【导语】本文主要讲述了一项新的研究发现，每天拍照并在网络上分享可以提升幸福感。 17．段落大意题。根据“In this project, scientists picked people from 20 to 60 years old. These people posted a photo on the Internet each day. For two months, the scientists recorded the photos, any words with the photos, and how the people felt.”可知，第二段介绍了这个项目是怎么进行的。故选A。 18．细节理解题。根据“Jeff, a student from the University of California, San Diego, said, ‘I work a lot, but I make time to relax and take a photo of something small, like an ant on my desk. This little break is really good.’ ”可知，Jeff认为拍照让他放松。故选A。 19．篇章结构题。根据文章内容可知，本文是总—分—总的结构，第一段引出主题，科学家通过研究发现，每天拍照并分享可以提高幸福感；第二段介绍了科学家们是如何实施这个研究项目的；第三段和第四段分别举例介绍了拍照的好处；最后一段总结。故选D。 20．主旨大意题。根据“Taking a photo every day and then sharing it online improve (提高) your well-being.”及结合文章内容可知，本文主要讲述了每天拍照并分享可以提高一个人的幸福感。故选D。 主题02 人与社会——科普 Passage 1 24-25八年级上·辽宁省丹东市东港市 ·期中 Do you want to live a happier life? Try laughing for no reason. That’s how many people start their day at Laughter Yoga (瑜伽) Clubs around the world, and many doctors now think that having a good laugh might be one of the best ways to stay healthy. The first Laughter Yoga Club was started in Mumbai, India, in 1995 by Dr. Madan Kataria. “Young children laugh about 300 times a day. Adults laugh between 7 and 15 times a day,” says Dr. Kataria. “Everyone is naturally good at laughing. We want people to feel happy with their lives.” A study at the UCLA School of Medicine in California shows that laughter reduces stress (减缓压力) and is very good for the heart. Laughter Yoga is used in many hospitals for the illness treatment (疾病治疗) and it is also practiced in schools, factories and old people’s homes. So what is Laughter Yoga? I went to my nearest Laughter Yoga Club to find out. I was quite nervous about it. I didn’t like the idea of laughing with others. First, our laughter teacher told us to clap our hands and say, “Ho ho ho, ha ha ha.” He said our bodies can’t tell the difference between fake laughter and real laughter, so they both work. After ten minutes everybody in the room was laughing for real! We did different kinds of laughter exercises and finally I was surprised by how relaxed I felt. So if you’re sad (伤心的) about something, just start laughing. As Dr. Kataria says, “When you laugh, you change, and when you change, the world around you changes.” 21．How does the writer begin the text? A．By telling a story. B．By giving an example. C．By asking a question. D．By listing (列出) numbers. 22．What does “it” in paragraph 3 refer to (指代)? A．Laughter. B．The study. C．Illness treatment. D．Laughter Yoga. 23．How did the writer feel in his Laughter Yoga Club experience? a. Nervous.         b. Surprised.         c. Sad             d. Relaxed. A．abd B．abc C．acd D．bcd 24．What’s the writer’s purpose (目的) in writing the text? A．To ask us to join Laughter Yoga Club. B．To show us different ways of laughing. C．To advise us to laugh for a happier life D．To tell us different kinds of Laughter Yoga Clubs. 【答案】21．C 22．D 23．A 24．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了大笑瑜伽的相关内容，建议人们笑一笑以使生活更加幸福。 21．细节理解题。根据第一段第一句“Do you want to live a happier life?”可知，这篇文章是以一个问题开始的。故选C。 22．细节理解题。根据第三段“Laughter Yoga is used in many hospitals for the illness treatment and it is also practiced in schools, factories and old people’s homes.”可知此处指大笑瑜伽也被用于学校、工厂和老年之家，由此可知it指代大笑瑜伽。故选D。 23．细节理解题。根据第四段“I was quite nervous about it.”和第四段最后一句“We did different kinds of laughter exercises and finally I was surprised by how relaxed I felt.”可知作者在大笑俱乐部中刚开始感到紧张，后面感到惊讶和放松。故选A。 24． 主旨大意题。根据第一段第一句“Do you want to live a happier life? Try laughing for no reason.”及全文内容可知本文主要介绍了大笑瑜伽，建议人们笑一笑以使生活更幸福。故选C。 主题03 人与社会——地理 Passage 1 24-25八年级上·辽宁省大连市名校联盟 ·期中 In China, Sichuan is a very interesting place in many ways. Here are some of the things that make Sichuan special. Sichuan is home to giant pandas. Bamboo is their favorite food. They are cute with black and white fur (皮毛), so people all over the world like to go to Sichuan to see them in nature parks. They are so amazing that they become a symbol of China. Everyone in China knows Sichuan food is super spicy! The reason is the Sichuan pepper, a special kind of pepper that makes your tongue (舌头) feel like it’s dancing with a little electricity. Try Sichuan hot pot or mapo tofu to taste it! In Sichuan, there’s a dream place everyone wants to visit—Jiuzhaigou. The plants there are quite green, the water is very clear and the air is rather fresh. Tourists say when they visit this place, it’s just like walking in a huge painting. You can enjoy the beautiful views and feel close to nature. Sichuan is filled with ancient places that are very old and interesting. The Dujiangyan Irrigation System (灌溉系统) is a great water project. It was built long time ago and it still helps to water the plants and farms now. Besides, Du Fu Thatched Cottage (杜甫草堂) is also worth visiting in Chengdu. So next time you hear about Sichuan, think about pandas, spicy food, pretty scenery and old interesting places. Sichuan is a lovely place with many amazing stories and cultural treasures to share! 25．How many kinds of special things about Sichuan are there in the text? A．Two. B．Three. C．Four. D．Five. 26．Why do people like to see pandas? A．Because they are giant. B．Because they like eating bamboo. C．Because they live in nature parks. D．Because they’ re cute with black and white fur. 27．How do tourists like Jiuzhaigou? A．Shining. B．Amazing. C．Crowded. D．Ancient. 28．What can help water the plants and farms in the passage? A．Sichuan hot pot. B．Jiuzhaigou. C．Du Fu Thatched Cottage. D．The Dujiangyan Irrigation System. 【答案】25．C 26．D 27．B 28．D 【导语】本文主要介绍了四川特有的动物、食物、美丽的景色和古老而有趣的地方。 25．细节理解题。根据“So next time you hear about Sichuan, think about pandas, spicy food, pretty scenery and old interesting places.”可知，文章中提到了四种特殊的东西。故选C。 26．细节理解题。根据“They are cute with black and white fur (皮毛), so people all over the world like to go to Sichuan to see them in nature parks.”可知，人们喜欢看熊猫，因为它们长着黑白相间的毛，很可爱。故选D。 27．细节理解题。根据“In Sichuan, there’s a dream place everyone wants to visit—Jiuzhaigou. The plants there are quite green, the water is very clear and the air is rather fresh. Tourists say when they visit this place, it’s just like walking in a huge painting.”可知，游客们认为九寨沟太神奇了。故选B。 28．细节理解题。根据“The Dujiangyan Irrigation System (灌溉系统) is a great water project. It was built long time ago and it still helps to water the plants and farms now.”可知，都江堰灌溉系统可以帮助灌溉通道中的植物和农田。故选D。 主题04 人与社会——科学与技术 Passage 1 24-25八年级上·辽宁省沈阳市第四十三中学 ·期中 ①A smartphone is a phone that combines (合并) things like a phone, clock, camera and computer into one small device (装置). It can make calls like a phone, but it can also access the Internet. Using the Internet, smartphones can play music, take pictures and videos, and check the weather in cities all around the world. But how did the age of smartphones begin? ②In 1992, the company IBM created the first smartphone. It was a phone that included a program for writing notes to remember things. It also had a program for showing people dates and times of planned events. This early smartphone could send emails as well. However, this phone never became very popular. For one thing, it was too expensive for many people. ③Other companies then started to work on new phone technology. Companies such as Nokia and Ericsson next introduced their smartphones to the market. In fact, it was the Ericsson company that created the word “smartphone” in 1997. However, these smartphones also achieved little success. ④In 1999, the Blackberry was introduced. This was the first smartphone that was widely used by phone users. The Blackberry was a phone with a keyboard that made it easy to use the Internet and send text messages and emails. The Blackberry was popular with people working in business or in technology. But common phone users still didn’t buy many of them. ⑤In 2007, Apple introduced the iPhone. Not long after that, in 2008, Google introduced the Android phone to the world. These new smartphones from Apple and Google were marketed to all phone users. The goal was to make the smartphone easy to use and something everyone would want. Just as hoped, less than 10 years later, there were over 2 billion smartphone users. Not only is it safe to say that smartphones are taking over the world, but there will soon be a time when people can’t remember when phones only made calls. 29．What does the underlined word access probably mean in the passage? A．connect to B．take in C．check out D．turn off 30．Which is NOT the advantage of the first smartphone? A．It helped people remember things by writing notes with a program. B．It could show people dates and times of planned events. C．People could send emails with it. D．It didn’t cost people too much. 31．Which company invented the word “smartphone”? A．Nokia. B．Ericsson. C．Blackberry. D．Apple. 32．Which of the following best shows the structure (结构) of the passage? A． B． C． D． 【答案】29．A 30．D 31．B 32．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了智能手机的发展历程。 29．词义猜测题。根据“Using the Internet, smartphones can play music, take pictures and videos, and check the weather in cities all around the world.”可知，智能手机可以利用互联网做很多事情，所以推测access the Internet表示“连接互联网”，access意为“连接到”，与connect to意思相近，故选A。 30．细节理解题。根据“For one thing, it was too expensive for many people.”可知，第一部智能手机的缺点是对很多人来说太贵了，D选项“它不会花费人们太多钱”表述错误，故选D。 31．细节理解题。根据“In fact, it was the Ericsson company that created the word ‘smartphone’ in 1997.”可知，是爱立信公司创造了“智能手机”这个词，故选B。 32．篇章结构题。文章第一段总体介绍智能手机；第二段讲述IBM创造的第一部智能手机；第三段介绍其他公司（诺基亚和爱立信）的智能手机；第四段讲黑莓手机；第五段介绍苹果和谷歌的智能手机以及智能手机的普及，整体结构为“总——分”，D选项符合，故选D。 Passage 2 24-25八年级上·辽宁省沈阳市沈北新区 ·期中 Though chopsticks are used in many Asian countries, they have their beginning in China. Chinese history says that the Chinese had chopsticks as far as the Xia Dynasty (about 4, 000 years ago). In the Spring and Autumn Period, copper and iron chopsticks appeared. Then in Han Dynasty lacquered (上漆) chopsticks came. Gold and silver chopsticks followed later. Today we have chopsticks made of plastics. The most expensive chopsticks are made of part of tusks of elephants and hard green stones. Chopsticks tell Chinese tradition in their way. In ancient times the rich used hard green stone or gold chopsticks to show their wealth. In history many kings used silver chopsticks to take their food to see if it was poisonous (有毒的). It was said that if it was, the silver chopsticks would turn black. Chopsticks are traditionally given to a daughter when she marries to show that they should have a son very soon. Tianzhu chopsticks from Hangzhou, wooden chopsticks from Shanyang of Shanxi Province, and Beijing’s chopsticks are well-known. Many Westerners, tourists put aside their knives and forks in favor of chopsticks in China. Chopsticks appeared in the old Chinese story: an old man teaches his sons a lesson by showing how he could easily break a single chopstick but not a number of them. In China, chopsticks are connected with good luck. So on the New Year’s Eve many families will lay out new chopsticks at dinners as a way of making wishes for luck. 33．When did chopsticks first appear? A．In the Xia Dynasty. B．In the Spring and Autumn Period. C．In the Han Dynasty. D．About 400 years ago. 34．Which kind of chopsticks cost most? A．Silver chopsticks. B．Copper chopsticks. C．Hard green stone chopsticks. D．Lacquered chopsticks. 35．Why did many kings use silver chopsticks in ancient times? A．To show that they were rich. B．To make sure that their food were safe. C．To show the Chinese tradition. D．To show that they had many sons. 36．Which of the following statements is true according to the text? A．Plastic chopsticks appeared much earlier than iron ones. B．Wooden chopsticks from Hangzhou are well known. C．Many Westerners prefer chopsticks to forks and knives in China. D．People used chopsticks to teach students in the past. 【答案】33．A 34．C 35．B 36．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了筷子的起源和中国的传统文化。 33．细节理解题。根据文中“Chinese history says that the Chinese had chopsticks as far as the Xia Dynasty (about 4, 000 years ago).”可知筷子最早在夏朝出现，故选A。 34．细节理解题。根据文中“The most expensive chopsticks are made of part of tusks of elephants and hard green stones.”可知最贵的筷子是象牙和硬绿石制成的，故选C。 35．细节理解题。根据文中“In history many kings used silver chopsticks to take their food to see if it was poisonous (有毒的).”可知是为了确保食物安全，故选B。 36．细节理解题。根据文章“Many Westerners, tourists put aside their knives and forks in favor of chopsticks in China.”可知在中国，许多西方人愿意使用筷子而不是叉子和刀。故选C。 Passage 3 24-25八年级上·辽宁省沈阳市第四十三中学 ·期中 Most of us cannot imagine modern life without social media(社交媒体). We use it almost every day in order to keep up with what is happening in our friends’ lives, or find out the latest information. Although it has a bad influence if we don’t use it properly, social media has done more good than harm. The greatest advantage is that we can connect with people much more easily. We are still able to keep in touch with our friends if they are far away. With social media, friendship goes beyond geography. We are able to find friends old and new. Also, it makes it easier for us to make friends, especially for those who are afraid of making friends face to face. Are you shy? If yes, social media has probably helped. Social media is also ideal for making yourself heard. Anyone with a voice can express it. Anyone with a talent is free to show it. Everyone is the new content creator. Moreover, anyone with a smartphone and the Internet can be a reporter. As a result, it has become much faster to cover the news than ever before. Social media, on the other hand, can make us less confident sometimes. A 2021 study published by the Public Library of Science, found that the more a person uses social media, the sadder he feels about his own life. One reason for this is that people around us put colourful information and perfect pictures online in order to show off their best moment. So we often get a distorted sense of how wonderful their lives are compared to our own. Social media does not cause sadness; it simply provides another tool for us to use. Is it good or bad? Nobel Peace Prize winner Malala Yousafzai says, “What is interesting is the power and influence of social media ... We must try to use social media in a good way.” After all, you decide how you use this powerful tool. 37．What is the greatest advantage of social media according to the passage? A．Expressing our voices freely. B．Showing our talents to others. C．Recording the best side of our life. D．Connecting with people more easily. 38．What does the word “distorted” probably mean in Paragraph 4? A．clear B．different C．incorrect D．simple 39．Which picture shows the structure(结构) of the passage? (①=Paragraph 1, ...) A．B． C． D． 40．Which of the following can be the best title of the passage? A．Social Media: Our Friend Or Enemy? B．Social Media: To Use Or Not To Use? C．Social Media: Connecting The World D．Social Media: Making Yourself Heard 【答案】37．D 38．C 39．B 40．A 【导语】本文主要介绍了社交媒体的利弊。 37．细节理解题。根据“The greatest advantage is that we can connect with people much more easily.”可知最大的优点是我们可以更容易地与人联系。故选D。 38．词义猜测题。根据“One reason for this is that people around us put colourful information and perfect pictures online in order to show off their best moment. So we often get a distorted sense of how wonderful their lives are compared to our own.”可知我们周围的人把丰富多彩的信息和完美的图片放在网上，以展示他们最美好的时刻，因此，我们经常会有不正确的感觉，与我们自己的生活相比，他们的生活是多么美好，故此处划线部分意为“不正确的”，和incorrect意义相近。故选C。 39．篇章结构题。本文第一段引出话题；第二第三段介绍了社交媒体的好处；第四段介绍了社交媒体的弊端；第五段进行了总结，选项B符合文章结构。故选B。 40．最佳标题题。本文主要介绍了社交媒体的利弊，以选项A“社交媒体：我们的朋友还是敌人？”为标题最合适。故选A。 主题05 人与社会——科普 Passage 1 24-25八年级上·辽宁省沈阳市第四十三中学 ·期中 Sleep has never stopped since we were born. Some studies show that human beings sleep at least one third of our lives. How many sleeping hours are good for us? In general, it’s enough for an adult to sleep for eight hours to support activities and work of a day. However, does an old man also need to sleep as the same time as a young man? Someone may think so. For a retired (退休的) officer called Lao Lin who is over seventy years old said, “I wake up at 4:30 a.m. every day and go to bed at 9:30 p.m. But I wake up a few times in the middle of night.” Actually, the result showed that the function (功能) of the human body gets declined (衰退) with the increase of age. So the old will sleep less and less. In fact, for the old, to sleep for six hours a day is enough. As we all know, if a person lacks sleeping time, he may be tired. It is bad for his health. But is it good to sleep for a long time? The answer is “no”, especially for the old. Some studies show if old people sleep more than eight hours, they will get CVD (心血管疾病) more easily. Besides, to sleep longer makes the oxygen of the brain get less, so the old will get poor memory if they always sleep long. All in all, it’s not good to sleep too long or too short. Only when we control sleeping time can we be in good health. 41．According to the first paragraph, when a person died at 81 years old, how long he probably sleep in his life? A．For 24 years B．For 25 years C．For 26 years D．For 27 years 42．Which of the following is NOT true about the old? A．They should sleep as much as they can. B．The function of their body is getting decline. C．They may get sick if they sleep long more often. D．Their memory will get weak if they sleep long. 43．What’s the writer’s advice? A．To sleep long is good for health. B．To care more about the old. C．Learn to control your sleep time to live healthily. D．The old should sleep longer. 44．What’s the best title for the text? A．Bad effects of sleeping for a short time. B．How should old people keep healthy. C．How to get a good sleep. D．Sleeping time for people. 【答案】41．D 42．A 43．C 44．D 【导语】本文主要告诉我们睡得太长或太短都不好。只有控制睡眠时间，我们才能保持健康。 41．细节理解题。根据“Some studies show that human beings sleep at least one third of our lives.”可知，一些研究表明，人类一生中至少有三分之一的时间在睡觉。故81岁的人应该睡眠时间可能有27年。故选D。 42．细节理解题。根据“In fact, for the old, to sleep for six hours a day is enough.”可知，事实上，对于老年人来说，每天睡六个小时就足够了。A选项“他们应该尽可能多地睡觉。”表述错误。故选A。 43．推理判断题。根据“All in all, it’s not good to sleep too long or too short. Only when we control sleeping time can we be in good health.”可知，作者告诉我们要学会控制睡眠时间，健康生活。故选C。 44．最佳标题题。根据全文可知，本文主要告诉我们睡得太长或太短都不好。只有控制睡眠时间，我们才能保持健康。D选项“人们的睡眠时间”符合题意。故选D。 Passage 2 主题06 人与社会——人物 24-25八年级上·辽宁省沈阳市第七中学 ·期中 Have you ever gotten stung（蛰）by a bee? Well, for 18-year-old Mikaila Ulmer from the US, her first bee sting at the age of 4 was a special experience. It let her make a difference and turned her into an entrepreneur. The bee sting scared Mikaila but it also made her interested in the insect. She soon learned how important bees are for the planet and how they are at risk（风险）of dying out. At not even 5 years old Mikaila wanted to do something to help save the bees. With her parents’ help, she set up a lemonade stand in her front yard. She used grandmother’s homemade lemonade recipe（食谱）and added a little bit of honey（蜂蜜）to it. The money from every lemonade she sold went to bee protection groups. But Mikaila wanted to do more. She made her special recipe into a product, called Me and the Bees Lemonade. At the age of 10, she went on a TV show with her dad to try to get public attention. It worked. Now, she sells her products at restaurants and stores across the country. In 2020, Mikaila brought out a book about her experience as an entrepreneur called Bee Fearless, Dream Like-a-Kid. She said “it’s important to dream like a kid, and as a kid, it’s the perfect age to start to realize what you enjoy and trying new things and taking risks.” 45．The underlined word “entrepreneur” is similar to ________. A．success B．businesswoman C．scientist D．bee keeper 46．How did Mikaila make money at age 5? A．She sold her parents’ lemonade stand. B．She sold her grandmother’s lemonade recipe. C．She went to work for bee protection groups. D．She sold lemonade drinks with honey. 47．What is “Me and the Bees Lemonade”? A．It’s a drink product made by Mikaila. B．It is the product of a TV show. C．It’s the name of an IT company. D．It is a book about Mikaila’s experience. 48．What would be the best title, for the passage? A．Stung? Help! B．I love the bee sting! C．A “bee” girl D．Goodbye, bees! 【答案】45．B 46．D 47．A 48．C 【导语】本文主要讲述了一个女孩在4岁时被蜜蜂蛰了，这激励了她想做点什么来帮助拯救蜜蜂，并让她成为一名企业家的故事。 45．词义猜测题。根据“It let her make a difference and turned her into an entrepreneur.”可知此处的entrepreneur应该是一种身份，结合下文“In 2020, Mikaila brought out a book about her experience as an entrepreneur called Bee Fearless, Dream Like-a-Kid.”可说明她现在是一名成功的商人，故选B。 46．细节理解题。根据“At not even 5 years old Mikaila wanted to do something to help save the bees. With her parents’ help, she set up a lemonade stand in her front yard. She used grandmother’s homemade lemonade recipe（食谱）and added a little bit of honey（蜂蜜）to it.”可知她通过卖加蜂蜜的柠檬水饮料赚钱。故选D。 47．推理判断题。根据“But Mikaila wanted to do more. She made her special recipe into a product, called Me and the Bees Lemonade”可知这是这是Mikaila制造的一种饮料的名字。故选A。 48．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了一个女孩在4岁时被蜜蜂蛰了，这激励了她想做点什么来帮助拯救蜜蜂，并让她成为一名企业家的故事，所以C选项“一个‘蜜蜂’女孩”最符合，故选C。 1 / 19 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $