专题04 阅读理解 （议论文+新闻报道）（期中真题分类汇编，河南专用）高一英语上学期

专题04 阅读理解 议论文+新闻报道 主题01 人与社会 Passage 1 （24-25高一上·河南商开联考·期中） The Chinese dragon, also known as the “loong”, standing for strength, fearlessness and kindness, is a cultural symbol for good business, rich harvests and good health. Unlike the European dragons, the Chinese dragons don’t give out fire. Instead, they are often connected with water. The Year of the Dragon brought extra joy to the worldwide Spring Festival celebrations from Zurich to Addis Ababa, firing interest in Chinese customs and history. In Zurich, Switzerland, Michael Hitz, a local people, tasted 40 types of Chinese dishes at a festival organized by Chinese Traditional Culture Association of Zurich for the Year of Dragon, offering a rich food cultural experience to the community. Similarly, in Harare, Zimbabwe, the China- Zimbabwe Friendship High School hosted lively local dances and drum performances to welcome the Year of the Dragon. At the same time, the students enjoyed Chinese martial arts inspired by a performance from the Henan Provincial Shaolin Wushu Training Center. Brenda Moyo, a local student, found the martial arts challenging yet wonderful. An acrobatics (杂技) performance in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, enjoyed by Temesgen Yitayew, a student learning Chinese, showed how the friendship between China and Ethiopia was growing stronger. Yitayew thought more events like this should be held to support cultural exchange, carrying the flags of both nations as a symbol of unity. 1. How many foreign countries celebrating the Year of the Dragon are mentioned? A. Two. B. Three. C. Four. D. Five. 2. What did Hitz do at the festival for the Year of the Dragon in Zurich? A. He practised Chinese martial arts. B. He organized a Chinese art show. C. He enjoyed fine Chinese dishes. D. He gave a speech about Chinese culture. 3. What did Yitayew expect? A. Free trips to China. B. More Chinese cultural events. C. A longer vacation in Europe. D. Less pressure from study. 4. What is the best title for the text? A. The Year of the Dragon Celebrated Worldwide B. The Magic Water- breathing Dragons of China C. A New Way of Celebrating the Chinese Spring Festival D. The Different Cultures Between China and Other Countries Passage 2 （23-24高一上·河南南阳·期中） The village super league, or “Cun Chao” in Chinese, is a soccer game among different villages in Rongjiang county, Guizhou Province, and it is so down-to-earth but popular that it has attracted not only the attention of football legend Michael Owen but also millions of Chinese netizens (网民), who are paying attention to this non-professional football league. The players come from a variety of backgrounds. They are vendors, drivers, students, carpenters, tilers, former butchers, and brick factory workers. Their ages range from 15 to over 40 years old. At the game site, representatives wearing various traditional national costumes play national musical instruments and enter the field with the players, and perform songs and dances. “This kind of football game is natural and with ‘pureness’ and it is driven by the love of the ordinary people not the economic benefits. The game is providing not only values of sports, but also a way of socializing with low costs,” an expert noted. This kind of atmosphere is very rarely seen and is treasured, especially for people in urban areas who are getting increasingly busy and under great work pressure, and when they look at the fun, relaxing and down-to-earth way of life in the countryside, they will naturally be interested, experts said. There is at least one good effect brought by the “Cun Chao” to Chinese soccer — to make more people see the pureness of joy and encourage them to play soccer. Today, more and more grassroots sports events are held in the mountains and are using sports as a medium to showcase the unique charm of the local area, reflecting an energetic lifestyle filled with agricultural activities and rural fun. 1. Why does the author mention Michael Owen in Paragraph 1? A. To show he is a household name in China. B. To voice his view on modern soccer game. C. To show the great popularity (流行) of “Cun Chao”. D. To stress the importance of “Cun Chao”. 2. What do we know about the players of “Cun Chao”? A. They are from all walks of life. B. Seniors are welcome to join the team. C. They are able to play national musical instruments. D. They wear traditional costumes on the soccer field. 3. Which of the following best describes “Cun Chao” according to Paragraph 3? A. Slow-paced (慢节奏的). B. Highly stressed. C. High-cost. D. Nonprofitable. 4. Which is the best title for the text? A. The village super league wins the hearts of Chinese. B. The village super league: From nobody to somebody. C. The village super league bridges the countryside and the city. D. The village super league promises the future of Chinese soccer. Passage 3 （23-24高一上·河南开封·期中） Recently, a new kind of tourism has sprung (出现) up in China. Called “special forces (特种兵) style tourism”, this new kind of tourism is mainly about visiting many places of interest in a short period, most often on weekends. Most of these visitors are college students. Yu Yinghua, a college student in Shanghai, is one of them. The 22-year-old started the “special forces style tourism” in March after she was attracted by such experiences of some travel bloggers. “After staying a long time at school, I’m hungry to take trips in my spare time,” said Yu, “Now it’s time! Spring has come and we can go out to enjoy the beautiful natural scenery.” Most of her trips were inspired by understanding from her daily life, such as a place mentioned in a chat with friends. “But making a plan spot in the city, she was able to find a lot of information and learn more about these sites. That would help her save time when traveling on-site and enjoy the sites better.” Unlike Yu who traveled in nearby cities, Chen Junjun, a doctoral student in Shanghai likes to travel far to get rid of academic stress. In April, the 24-year-old took a two-day trip to Xi’an, Shaanxi province. During her trip, she visited all the scenic sites in the city. “With many academic responsibilities, such a trip can bring color to my life.” said Chen. Even so, the 24-year-old added that such tourism is not suitable for everyone. Chen said that it’s labor-consuming (耗费体力的) as visitors have to visit as many sites as possible in a short period. To some degree such trips are not as flexible (灵活的) as days-long trips in which you can change your plan as you like. “Thus, a great deal of energy and a calm mind are needed for this kind of tourism,” said Chen. 1. What do we know about Yu Yinghua? A. She was hungry in her travel. B. She only visited one site in a trip. C. She used to serve in special forces. D. She made a travel plan in advance carefully. 2. Why does Chen Junjun choose special forces style tourism? A. To use up her energy. B. To paint some colorful drawings. C. To reduce her study pressure. D. To take some academic responsibilities. 3. Which of the following describes the feature of special forces style tourism? A. Stressful. B. Time-consuming. C. Frightening. D. Money-consuming. 4. Where is the text most probably taken from? A. A travel guidebook. B. A report on special forces. C. A guidebook to a city. D. An introduction to a travel style. Passage 4 （23-24高一上·河南顶尖联盟·期中） Workers continue to search the ruins of a large earthquake that hit Morocco Friday. Officials say almost 2,500 were killed in the quake, but that they expect that number will rise. The United Nations said the magnitude 6.8 earthquake affected 300,000 people. The damage (损失) was great because the starting point of the shaking was not far below the ground. It is the strongest quake to hit the North African nation since 1900. And, it is reported to be the country’s deadliest since 1960, when at least 12,000 people were killed in and near the city of Agadir. So far, Morocco has accepted support from four countries — Spain, Qatar, Great Britain and the United Arab Emirates. Other nations have offered help as well. Groups from the Moroccan army left Monday from Amizmiz to move into the small mountain villages. Heavy equipment was sent to clear the roads and both visitors and local people lined up to give blood. Many people continued to sleep outside, fearing smaller earthquakes that often follow a major one. In the village of Imgdal, women and children gathered outside and some kept warm around an open fire on Monday morning. On a road near the town of Adassil, near the epicenter (震中), one rescue (救援) worker, Ayman Koait, was trying to clear the rocks that were restraining trucks from getting by. He said other roads were in bad shape. “We’re trying to open them, too,” said Ayman Koait. People said they dug through the ruins of their homes looking for relatives. They also moved rocks and walls looking for important items. Many of the homes are made from wood, rock and mud, which made them fall easily when the ground started shaking. One military (军方的) worker said “it is difficult to pull people out alive” because the walls turned into ruins and did not leave any space for air. 1. Why was the earthquake so serious? A. It happened close to the ground. B. It broke out at midnight. C. Rescue was not timely enough. D. There was no proper protection. 2. Why did the local people keep staying outside after the earthquake? A. To receive supplies. B. To get ready for leaving for other towns. C. To avoid possible following ones. D. To keep themselves warm around open fires. 3. What does the underlined word “restraining” in paragraph 5 probably mean? A. Guiding. B. Preventing. C. Repairing. D. Supporting. 4. Why did the military worker think the rescue was almost hopeless? A. The villages are out of reach. B. The roads were badly damaged. C. The damaged areas are too close to the epicenter. D. The special houses made it hard for people to be alive. Passage 5 （23-24高一上·河南开封五校·期中） Forecasters say Floridians should monitor a system likely to become a tropical depression(热带低压)as it moves into the Gulf of Mexico by early next week. The area of low pressure over the northwestern Caribbean Sea was producing showers and thunderstorms, according to a Friday evening update from the National Hurricane Center. Condition s favor slow development over the next several days, and forecasters expect the system will become a tropical depression early next week while moving north over the eastern Gulf of Mexico. Michael Brennan, the National Hurricane Center director, said in a live video Friday, “There is a lot of uncertainty with this system since it’s yet to take shape. What we’re most confident in is that there will likely be some rainfall impacts across much of the Florida Peninsula and possibly up along the southeast coast of the United States.” The potential threat for Florida would come around on Tuesday, said Brian McNoldy, a researcher at the University of Miami. McNoldy added that global models were in agreement that the system would develop slowly. The hurricane center on Friday gave the system the temporary name of Invest 93L, meaning forecasters would collect specialized data and run more models. According to Mark Luther, a professor at the University of South Florida, tropical systems like to feed off that hot water, especially when it’s hot below the surface like it is now. “Keep a sharp eye on it and have your hurricane plan in place,” Luther said. “Even if it’s a small storm, if it hits at the right angle, it can cause flooding around here.” Storms that cross through this steamy section of the eastern Gulf of Mexico have historically intensified(增强)quickly. Hurricane Michael in 2018 emerged off the Yucatán Peninsula before ultimately making landfall as a Category 5 storm in Florida’s Panhandle. 1. What did Brennan think would most likely happen next week? A. Water shortage. B. Severe damage. C. Fine weather. D. Heavy rainfall. 2. What did Luther probably expect people to do? A. Ask for clear guidance. B. Be watchful about possible disasters. C. Make a quick decision. D. Send relief to flood victims at once. 3. Why does the author mention Hurricane Michael? A. To express his heartfelt thanks for the rescue effort. B. To erase scientists’ doubts about these global models. C. To prove the weather forecast is timely and accurate. D. To explain the tropical system may bring heavy storm. 4. What is the text? A. A news report. B. A diary entry. C. A children’s story. D. A research paper. 主题02 人与自我 Passage 1 （24-25高一上·河南九师联盟·期中） A little girl from Joshua Tree, California, has made Internet viewers laugh with a funny video of her playing with her favorite toy. In the video, posted by her mom, Hannah Williams, the one-year-old girl is taking care of her baby doll. She rocks the doll, acting like a good mom, which is why Williams began recording. However, things took a surprising turn. “I guess she finished playing because she suddenly threw the baby into her toy kitchen cabinet（橱柜）, and ran off,” Williams recalled. With a sense of humor, Williams added a message in the video saying, “Whenever I feel like a bad mom, I remember my daughter’s parenting style.” It is common for young children to play hard with baby dolls. This behavior often shows their growth instead of doing it on purpose. Young children are still improving their motor skills, and their movements may seem rough（不协调）as they may not have full control yet, leading to careless handling of toys. Play is also a safe way for kids to explore their feelings like anger or excitement. They might play roughly with dolls as a way to act out feelings they don’t have words for yet. Luckily, Williams saw the funny side of her daughter’s actions and the whole family couldn’t stop laughing. “She likes to hide in her big kitchen cabinet, so she probably thought the cabinet was a good place for her baby doll to hide, too. I love how pleased she was with herself,” Williams said. The video quickly became popular, getting over 14.5 million views. Although comments were turned off, Williams mentioned that many parents related to the situation. “I posted the video thinking it was just funny. Parenthood is very tiring, so a good laugh is always welcome,” she added. 1. What did Williams do when seeing her daughter rocking the doll? A. She put the toy away. B. She called an Internet viewer. C. She videoed the moment. D. She wrote an article about it. 2. What is the author’s opinion about young children playing hard with toys? A. They throw the toys on purpose. B. They are willing to share toys with others. C. They want to hide their feelings. D. They practice control of their movements. 3. What did Williams expect of the video? A. It would make her plan popular. B. It would bring laughter to parents. C. It would teach her daughter a lesson. D. It would put an end to the discussion. 4. Which is the most suitable title for the text? A. An Online Video Became a Hit B. A Mother Felt Bad About Her Daughter C. Growing up Is a Struggling Ride D. Video Games Are Harmful to Children Passage 2 （24-25高一上·河南周口恒大·期中） Qian Hongyan waited on the starting block, supporting herself using her hands and torso. When the starting signal sounded, Qian pushed herself in. She won the silver medal in the women’s 100-meter breaststroke (蛙泳) SB5 final in the 11th National Games for Persons with Disabilities held in Xi’an, Shaanxi province in 2021. Qian, from Luliang of Yunnan province, had both of her legs cut off after getting into an accident in 2000 when she was 4 years old. Her family were extremely poor. With little resources available, her grandfather cut up an old basketball to replace her lower body. Since then, she became well-known for moving around while balanced on an orange ball, earning her the nickname “basketball girl”. Qian’s passion for swimming dates back to 2007, when she was invited by the local disabled people’s federation to watch the 2008 National Paralympic Games in Kunming, capital of Yunnan. At 11 years old, she joined the provincial swimming team for people with disabilities. However, without legs, it was difficult for Qian to keep her balance in water. “Swimming without legs is like rowing a boat without a rudder. I tended to swing due to a poor sense of direction. ” Qian said. To help her overcome the difficulty, her coach designed a special training plan for her. Every day, she practiced for at least four hours. She made great efforts to enhance her arm strength and balance. In 2009, she won three gold medals in the provincial contests in Yunnan, as well as one gold medal and two silvers at national events. In 2014, she won another gold medal in the 100m breaststroke final in the Yunnan Provincial Paralympic Games. In the 2016 Rio Paralympic Games, she placed ninth in the 100m breaststroke. Qian’s journey to create a future for herself, despite losing both legs in a tragic accident, has become the story that inspired thousands of disabled people in China. 1. How did Qian earn her the nickname “basketball girl”? A. She liked playing basketball. B. She has a large collection of basketball. C. She kept balanced on an old basketball. D. She got into an accident when playing basketball. 2. What made Qian become interested in swimming? A. She received a special training plan. B. She joined the provincial swimming team. C. She tended to swing with a poor sense of direction. D. She was invited to watch the 2008 National Paralympic Games. 3. What does Paragraph 4 mainly tell us about Qian? A. Her efforts. B. Her achievements. C. Her skills. D. Her influences. 4. What is the best title of the passage? A. Painstaking Efforts Pay Off B. Help Cures Everything C. How to Be Successful D. A Passion for Basketball Passage 3 （23-24高一上·河南安阳·期中） How do you usually spend your spare time? Many people choose to be couch potatoes, but not Luo Han, a 9-year-old from Changsha, Hunan. Luo Han completes at least two hours of outdoor activities every day and has raised a wave of discussion online. Although he is in primary school, he has already mastered sports like kayaking and paddling. His aptitude for outdoor sports is from his father Luo Ge, who actively encourages him to enjoy nature, rather than focusing only on his learning. After noticing that Luo Han did not go out for enough exercise after school, his father took him to do outdoor activities every day. Many applauded them. “Exercise can ease brain fog and improve memory. Many students feel stressed about school work, so outdoor activities can help us keep our moods uplifted and improve our learning efficiency.” said Liu Yu, 18, a university freshman. Wang Tao, a parent of a 16-year-old, showed her support for the father. “It’s more than a way to relax. It’s a training of willpower,” she said. Her son He Xin, from Hefei Thomas School, Anhui, is a fan of outdoor sports. Although facing increasing pressure in his studies, he has joined the school’s athletic programs. However, some have also expressed their concerns. “Two hours isn’t too much for a 9-year-old, but it might be difficult for high school students to guarantee this block of time when school becomes more demanding,” said Huang Xi, 16, from Liyang High School of Jiangsu province. Ms. Zhu, who has a daughter in middle school, also agreed that two hours is too much for the majority of parents, especially on weekdays. “When I am off duty, I need to do housework. After my daughter finishes her homework, she prefers to watch TV. Neither of us would think of going outside for exercise,” Zhu said. Other parents are concerned about the safety of outdoor activities. Zhang Zhijin has a son in high school. “Sometimes, teenagers can do crazy and risky things. We worry about accidents,” Zhang said. 1. Which of the following is true? A. Liu Yu thinks outdoor activities can improve our learning. B. Outdoor playing is only good to relaxation. C. Luo Han ’s father thinks learning is more important than exercising. D. Luo Han’s father thinks exercise on campus is enough for him. 2. What does the author mean by the underlined word “stressed” in Paragraph 3? A. annoyed B. excited C. anxious D. frightened 3. Which of the following may agree with Ms Zhu? A. Huang Xi B. Liu Yu C. Wang Tao D. Luo Han 4. What's the best title of the passage? A. Please go out for exercise B. Daily outdoor play and working C. People’s concerns D. Parent’s views on after-class work Passage 4 （23-24高一上·河南省实验中学·期中） While most people are inspired by the motto(座右铭), “you’re never too old to learn something new,” Kimeila Campbell has also shown that you’re never too young to bring about change. Born in Jamaica and then having moved to the United States, Kimeila grew up watching her entrepreneur (创业者) mother run an event space. “Seeing her go through ups and downs made me want to be an entrepreneur too,” said Kimeila, who sometimes helped her mom at Glitz Elite Events Studio. “I thought for my age, maybe I’m too young. My mom said it could help other kids and teen entrepreneurs instead of just making money for myself.” With this ambition(雄心), she started her own monthly magazine in January when she celebrated her 14th birthday. Her YNTY magazine -- which stands for You’re Never Too Young -- aims to inspire young and upcoming entrepreneurs, influencers and public figures(公众人物). It is to inspire people younger than 18 to follow their dreams whatever their age. “Nowadays, teenagers look up to rich women and men on social media and dream to be like them, without any idea of the price they had to pay to get to where they are now,” Kimeila said to the QSN website. “Consider your choices carefully and make goals for where you want to be in the future.” In the magazine, Kimeila shows hot topics, daily affirmations (每日警句) in business, as well as suggestions from professionals and those who have made it in their industries. Meanwhile, the YNTY magazine also includes a special part in which necessary steps are given to parents of young entrepreneurs to help and guide their children. “One thing I’d like my readers to know is that ... if you believe you can do it, YNTY is where you can come to find a community of comfort and confidence to support your dreams.” Kimeila refused to wait until she’s older to make a difference in the world. In the next five years, the young girl wants to make the YNTY magazine “appear on newsstands around the world, in various languages, a famous name and the source ‘kidpreneurs (少年企业家)’ go to for advice and inspiration whenever they feel discouraged or at a loss,” the QNS website noted. 1. What does the article tell us about Campell? A. She was born and raised in the US. B. Her mom inspired her to be an entrepreneur. C. Her motto is “You are never too young”. D. She wants to run her own events studio in the future. 2. Why does Campell have the goal of starting her YNTY Magazine? A. To get to know more public figures. B. To earn herself money and fame. C. To inspire young entrepreneurs. D. To promote her mom’s event space. 3. What can readers expect to read in YNTY Magazine? A. Popular fashion topics B. Suggestions from teachers. C. Daily jokes about business D. Tips for parents of young entrepreneurs 4. Which of the following best describes Campell? A. Helpful and ambitious B. Organized and modest C. Creative and careful D. Brave and emotional. 主题03 人与自然 Passage 1 （24-25高一上·河南渑池·期中） Some of the greatest problems we face today are the destruction (破坏)of our environment.Brown clouds, polluted water, endangered wild animals..., these problems seem so huge. So my family does what we can. We take cloth bags to stores instead of using plastic bags. We walk where we don’t have to drive. But does it do any good? When I am the only one in line at the market with cloth bags, am I doing any good? Does my walking to stores make any real difference to the world? I recently learned something about flamingos(火烈鸟)which like to get together in groups of a thousand or more Every year when the time comes for migration (迁徙), a few of them first take off from the lake. But none of the others seem to notice, so the small group returns. However, the next day they try again. This time a few more fly along with them, but most of them still pay no attention, so they return again. They try for several times. Every time a few more birds join in but ,since the thousands of others still take no notice, the great migration plan is once more stopped. Then one day something changes. The same small group of birds once again starts flying and a small number more join in just as before, then more. Finally, they all take flight and the migration really begins. What a spectacular sight it must be--thousands of flamingos taking off into the sky at once! A few can make a difference. Even if you’re the one to take the first step, and continue trying,others will someday take notice and together we will solve even our greatest problems. 1. Where would you most probably read this passage? A. A guidebook. B. A movie poster. C. An animal magazine. D. A personal blog 2. Why does the writer use cloth bags in stores? A. There are only cloth bags in stores. B. All the people use cloth bags in stores. C. He thinks plastic bags are more expensive. D. He wants to do some good to the environment. 3. What does the underlined word “spectacular” in Paragraph 5 probably mean? A. Disappointing. B. Fantastic. C. Terrible D. Surprising 4. What's the writer's purpose of writing this article? A. To show that the writer loves to see the migration of flamingos. B. To tell readers to continue trying and it can make a difference. C. To introduce a special kind of flamingo to readers. D. To show that there' re many problems in the world. Passage 2 （24-25高一上·河南郑州外国语·期中） This winter, the state of California in the US received unusually large amounts of rain and snow. Now, people worry that some areas will flood as the snow in the Sierra Nevada Mountains melts (融化). Ron Caetano lives about half-way between the cities of Los Angeles and San Francisco. He is preparing to leave in case his community, called the Island District, floods. More than 100 years ago, the Island District area was under Tulare Lake, a large lake. At one time, Tulare Lake was the largest freshwater lake west of the Mississippi River. But reservoirs (水库) and watering systems for agriculture caused it to disappear. However, in very rainy years, farmland can still get covered with water. Experts say reservoirs near the area will likely receive three times more water than they can hold this year. That means officials must increase the amount of water they release (释放) from the reservoirs. But if too much water is released, the area might flood. The Island District has organized a community network to help prepare for floods. People are placing sandbags close to elderly neighbors’ houses to stop possible flooding. And they are looking at reports from water officials, county officials, and from each other. California has had very dry weather in recent years. Therefore, both cities and farm communities acclaimed this year’s winter rains. If the weather gets warmer slowly, the snow will not melt quickly and there may be little or no flooding. But if the weather gets hot quickly, that will bring trouble from too much melting snow. Officials announced plans to close parts of Yosemite National Park because of possible danger of flooding. The park is about 270 kilometers east of San Francisco in the Sierra Nevada Mountains. Nicholas Pinter is with the University of California, Davis Center for Watershed Sciences. He said the lake’s size has always changed because of California’s weather. He described the surrounding area this way. “It has been an engineering problem all along,” he said. “This is a bathtub (浴缸) with no way out.” 1. What made Tulare Lake disappear? A. Lack of rainfall. B. Natural disasters. C. Climate warming. D. Human behavior. 2. What does the underlined word “acclaimed” in paragraph 6 mean? A. Feared. B. Doubted. C. Welcomed. D. Tracked. 3. What might Californians want to see? A. The government can help them move to other states. B. The weather can get warm gradually in California. C. There is more rain in the cities than on farms. D. The officials release water on a regular basis. 4. What can we infer from Nicholas Pinter’s words? A. It is difficult to deal with the flood. B. It is easy to keep the snow water. C. The surrounding area is unfit to live in. D. The lake is already overflowing. 主题01 人与社会 Passage 1 （24-25高一上·河南九校联盟·期中） Firefighters continued making progress on Sunday against the destructive (破坏性的) mountain fire in Ventura County. The large fire, which has burned more than 20,000 acres and destroyed 134 buildings, was partly controlled as firefighters worked to put out the remaining fire before winds were expected to pick up again on Monday night. “Our community is badly affected and we are working tirelessly alongside firefighters from Ventura County and neighboring areas to bring this fire under control,” said Capt. William Hutton of the Ventura County. Sheriff’s Department. Light winds coming from the ocean and good humidity (潮湿) levels on Sunday helped firefighters in the effort to prevent the fire, which started on Wednesday morning. Officials said they were continuing to track changes in weather as winds were expected to pick up again on Monday night through Tuesday morning. “It’s something that we’re watching closely,” said National Weather Service meteorologist Ryan Walbrun. “The wind speeds right now do not look to be nearly as strong as when the fire started.” More than 130 buildings have been destroyed in the fire, most of which are homes. “We’re doing the best we can, trying to help as much as we can for people who have lost their homes,” said Justin Boyajian with the California Department of Forestry and Fire Protection in Ventura County, A community meeting was scheduled for Sunday night at Ventura County Fire Station 54, where officials would provide the latest information and answer questions. Ventura County Fire Chief Dustin Gardner said he understood that people in the community were feeling bad and in need of more information about what the recovery would look like. He stressed the importance of patience as firefighters were working to control the fire. “We’re continuing to work hard to get things ready for people to come back in,” Gardner said. “And that takes time.” 1. What can we learn about the mountain fire? A. It destroyed many homes. B. It started on Monday morning. C. It was caused by a house fire. D. It took the lives of firefighters. 2. What does the underlined word “something” in paragraph 4 refer to? A. Trees. B. Winds. C. Buildings. D. Temperatures. 3. What did Gardner expect the locals to do? A. Be patient. B. Work hard. C. Save money. D. Keep healthy. 4. What is the text? A. A work schedule. B. A research paper. C. A news report. D. A children’s story. Passage 2 （23-24高一上·河南濮阳一高·期中） Germany’s top court has ruled that parts of the country’s 2019 climate (气候) action law must be changed because they don’t do a good job of protecting young people. The result is a big victory for the nine young people who started the law suing (诉讼). The court suing stresses an important part of the climate change: The change will impact greatly on young people far more than the adults. That’s because the effects of earth warming will become more serious over time. As young people become adults, they’ll be left to deal with many problems that today’s adults have ignored. The government’s failure to plan carefully was putting their future lives in danger. In 2019, Germany passed a new law, promising that the country would be carbon neutral (碳中和) by 2050. The law made a detailed plan of action until 2030. But the law didn’t have any specific rules or plans for climate actions that would be taken between 2031 and 2050. Last Thursday, the judges of Germany’s highest court agreed with the young people. They said that not taking climate action made the basic rights of young people to a good future in danger. The young people had challenged the government’s law in four specific areas. The judges didn’t agree with all of the challenges. But having the court support even a part of their case is seen as a big victory. Neubauer is one of the young people who sued. She works with the climate action group Fridays For Future. Ms. Neubauer said, “Climate protection is our basic right. This is a huge win for the climate movement. It changes a lot.” The court has given the German government until the end of 2022 to fix the law. The climate law will now need to have a much more detailed plan for the actions that will be taken after 2030 to cut Germany’s pollution, allowing it to become carbon neutral by 2050. Germany’s government has said that it will quickly begin working to make the needed changes. 1. Why did the nine young people sue the Germany government? A. They faced a higher rate of losing jobs. B. The government refused their law suing. C. The local court ruled against the climate law. D. They weren’t satisfied with the climate action law. 2. What does paragraph 2 mainly talk about? A. The adults nowadays are put under pressure. B. The climate change will influence the young. C. Earth warming is becoming out of control. D. Humans feel uncertain about the future. 3. What is the government required to do about the climate law? A. Improve the present law. B. Win people’s wide support. C. Take strict punishment measures. D. Achieve carbon neutral in advance. 4. In which section of a newspaper may this text appear? A. Business. B. Health. C. Education. D. Environment. Passage 3 （24-25高一上·河南百强联考·期中） In Broward County, Florida, the school district’s cellphone ban has caused strong opposition from both students and parents. Since the beginning of the 2024 school year in August, students in Broward County Public Schools have been banned from using cellphones during school hours, including during lunch and breaks, unless given special permission. This policy has caused widespread debate, especially as experts highlight the impact of social media and screen time on young people’s mental health. Studies have shown a link between social media abuse and increased rates of anxiety and depression among youth. However, a recent survey done by the school district, which included over 70,000 parents, showed that nearly one in five parents believe the cellphone ban is negatively affecting their children’s well-being while one seventh of them think there are no bad effects at all. One of the main concerns voiced by parents and students is the inability to communicate with family members, especially during emergencies. This is a significant worry in a district that is home to Marjory Stoneman Douglas High School, the site of the 2018 mass shooting that claimed 17 lives. School officials have informed parents that students can still use their phones in emergency situations and that teachers have the flexibility to make phone accessible for other reasons as well. Many parents and experts argue that phones are not only essential for staying connected but also serve as valuable tools for accessing online lessons and completing assignments, especially for students who lack school-issued laplops. Broward County’s school officials have acknowledged the challenges of carrying out the policy effectively. Some teachers have found it difficult to monitor students’ phone use, and the policy has raised questions about how to balance the need for phone use with the goal of reducing distractions (分心). Landyn Spellberg, a student advisor to the school board, pointed out that phones can offer significant benefits. He emphasized that the district’s blanket ban is not solving a key issue: teaching students how to use technology in a healthy way. “We need to educate students about the negative effects of technology, not just forbid its use,” he said. 1. What is the policy of cellphone use in Broward County’s schools? A. The students at school can’t use cellphones at will. B. The teachers are responsible for students’ schoolwork. C. The schools ban students from using cellphones at any time. D. The parents are not allowed to buy their children’s cellphones. 2. How many parents think cellphone ban badly influences their kids’ well-being? A. 70,000. B. 50,000. C. 14,000. D. 10,000. 3. What can be concluded from paragraph 3 and paragraph 4? A. Some positive results are spoken highly of by schools. B. Some bad outcomes might happen for cellphone ban. C. Some teachers think it impossible to monitor cellphone use. D. Many parents and experts stress the use of cellphones for contact. 4. What will be probably discussed following the last paragraph? A. The application of cellphone ban to more areas. B. The explanation of negative effects of technology. C. The way to teach students to use cellphones wisely. D. The methods of keeping students away from cellphones. Passage 4 （24-25高一上·河南巩义·期中） Chinese astronauts Ye Guangfu, Li Cong, and Li Guangsu will carry out the Shenzhou-18 crewed spaceflight mission, and Ye will be the commander, the China Manned Space Agency announced at a press conference. The Shenzhou-18 crewed spaceship will be launched at 8:59 p.\m from the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center in northwest China. After entering orbit, the Shenzhou-18 spaceship will perform a fast automated rendezvous (会面) and docking with the radial (辐射状的) port of the space station core module Tianhe, which will take about 6.5 hours, forming a combination of three modules and three spacecraft. This will be the second space flight mission for Ye Guangfu who was a crew member of the Shenzhou-13 mission from October 2021 to April 2022. Li Cong and Li Guangsu, among the third batch of Chinese astronauts, are both newcomers to space. “Returning to space feel like a fresh start. My two crew members and I, as well as the entire space mission team, are fully prepared,” Ye told journalists ahead of the launch, and they will successfully complete this space flight mission. All three Shenzhou-18 astronauts are from the post-1980s generation. At the press conference, they said they would take good care of the Tiangong space station and make more achievements in the space laboratory. The crew will use the scientific experiment Cabinets and extravehicular payloads to carry out more than 90 experiments in the fields of basic physics in microgravity, space material science, space life science, space medicine, and space technology. The country’s first in-orbit aquatic ecological research project will also be implemented (执行) during the mission. Using zebrafish and goldfish algae (水藻) to establish a self-cycling aquatic ecosystem in orbit, the project aims to make to a breakthrough in the cultivation of vertebrates in space. 1. Which of the following statement is NOT true? A. Three astronauts will will carry out the mission. B. Finally six parts will join together. C. All crew members are newcomers. D. Many experiments will be conducted in space. 2. Judging from what he said, which word can best describe Ye? A. outgoing B. determined C. confident D. organized 3. What are listed in the last two paragraphs? A. tasks ahead B. possible difficulties C. dangerous risks D. expectations 4. What is the style of the passage? A. novel B. news report C. advertisement D. legendary story Passage 5 （24-25高一上·河南驻马店·期中） For decades, the smart home has been an important part in pop culture, from Disney’s 1999 film “Smart House”, in which an artificially intelligent home takes on the personality of a masterful mother, to the old-fashioned high-tech home of “The Jetsons”. The 1960s cartoon offered a view of domestic life a century later, from a bathroom that brushes your hair and cleans your teeth, to the ever-attentive and overworked Rosie, the robot servant. But all of these innovations could come at a cost: our privacy. And in the current situation, it’s a price consumers may be unwilling to pay. “With the rejections of Big Tech that we’ve seen over the past few years, I think consumers… have a higher level of interest in privacy and ethics (道德原则) now than ever,” said Sarah Housley, an executive at trend forecasting company WGSN. These fears didn’t come from nowhere. Massive leakages (泄露) from major websites have put the data (数据) of hundreds of millions of people in danger in the past few years, and the comprehensive data that smart home technology depends on will include far more than our addresses and credit card numbers. The digital assistant that will be able to identify when you’ll be most focused on a Spanish lesson will have the type of information that could be used to influence and even control you. Housley also says technology meant to “connect people also has the potential” to exacerbate inequalities. She points out racial profiling (种族定性) has appeared on some neighborhood social networking apps like Nextdoor. The app has been criticized for allowing users to report people they see in their neighborhood as “mistrustful” based only on their race. “Technology has already made racism worse, and we must fix this to stop consumers from feeling prejudiced…” Housley said. There are still more questions left for us. Facing more interactive and responsive technology, are we ready for our smart home devices to become truly “smart”? And with everything being watched, can we still have the choice to be unconnected? 1. How does the author introduce the topic of the passage? A. By doing a survey. B. By offering some data. C. By explaining a rule. D. By giving some examples. 2. What can we learn from paragraph 3? A. Major websites generally have difficulty storing massive data. B. People are concerned about what Big Tech can do with the data. C. The smart home technology acquires much of our personal data. D. The digital assistant can help people learn Spanish more easily. 3. What does the underlined word “exacerbate” mean in paragraph 4? A. To make something worse. B. To make something appear. C. To make something disappear. D. To make something effective. 4. What’s the author’s attitude towards smart home? A. Optimistic. B. Doubtful. C. Unclear. D. Disappointed. 主题02 人与自我 Passage 1 （24-25高一上·河南创新联盟·期中） China’s rising tennis star, Zheng Qinwen, showed her fighting spirit at the 2024 WTA Finals with a hard-fought 7 — 6(4), 3 — 6, 6 — 1 win over Elena Rybakina in Riyadh on Monday. As a last-minute qualifier (合格者) to the Finals, the new Olympic champion proved why she’s one of the toughest players in women’s tennis. The 22-year-old’s win over Rybakina was her 20th three-set victory this season. The match lasted nearly two hours and thirty minutes at the King Saud University Indoor Arena, where Zheng showed remarkable mental strength throughout. During the match, Chinese fans turned the Arena into almost a home court, with red Chinese flags waving during breaks and supporters crying “Queen Wen! Come on!” Though Zheng briefly lost her temper (脾气) with noisy fans, she later apologized and explained how releasing (释放) her nervousness actually helped improve her game. By winning this match, Zheng climbed to a career-high world ranking of No. 6. She also leads the WTA Tour with 420 scores this year, becoming the first Chinese player to achieve 50 Tour-level wins in one season. Despite losing her opening match to world No. 1 Aryna Sabalenka, Zheng still has a chance to reach the semifinals. It’s been a surprising year for Zheng, starting with her first Grand Slam (大满贯) final at the Australian Open and winning gold at the Paris Olympics. She continued her success during the Asian tournaments, reaching the semifinals in Beijing, finals in Wuhan, and winning the title in Tokyo. “It’s far away for me to think about 2025, but I guess I just keep going and don’t get relaxed,” Zheng said of her thoughts on the next season. “Once you relax, it’s easy to drop. So I know how significant it is to keep mentally strong and focused. ” 1. What does the underlined word “remarkable” in paragraph 2 mean? A. Brave. B. Usual. C. Amazing. D. Actual. 2. How did Zheng’s fans affect her at first? A. She felt more nervous. B. She had strength to play. C. She waved the flag. D. She won Aryna Sabalenka. 3. What is paragraph 4 mainly about? A. Zheng’s popularity. B. Zheng’s personality. C. Zheng’s tennis skills. D. Zheng’s achievements. 4. What does Zheng stress in the last paragraph? A. The plans for the next season. B. The importance of staying focused. C. The reasons for relaxing. D. The benefits of keeping playing. Passage 2 （24-25高一上·河南信阳二高·期中） In his 1939 essay Selfishness and Self-Lone, Erich Fromm, a world-famous psychologist declared that “modern culture teaches that to be selfish is evil and that to love others is virtuous.” In his essay, Fromm argues that such a teaching could make people feel guilty to show themselves healthy self-love, which he defines as the respect for one’s own happiness, growth, and freedom. Fromm argues that selfishness, an interest only in oneself, is actually the opposite of self-love, which means the ability to give with pleasure and also to respect the needs of others. To Fromm, love is an attitude whether it is directed outward or inward. In contrast, Fromm argued that selfishness is a kind of greediness “which exhausts the person in an endless effort to satisfy his own needs without ever reaching satisfaction”. Inspired by Fromm’s essay, Abraham Maslow wrote an essay in which he distinguished “healthy selfishness” from unhealthy selfishness. Maslow argued that “we must not assume that selfish or unselfish behavior is either good or bad. It may be true that at certain times, selfish behavior is good, but at other times, it is bad. It is also the case concerning unselfish behavior.” Maslow goes on to state that what appears to be unselfish behavior may come out of selfish motivations. Maslow stressed that it is sometimes necessary to teach people at certain times to engage in a “healthfully selfish manner”—to have a healthy respect for one’s self coming out of inner riches. A recent analysis of literature found that people who care about the welfare of others experience greater relationship well-being. However, such relationship well-being is maximized when people are not neglecting themselves in their care for others. Therefore, although the benefits of caring about others’ welfare have been well-documented, the role of healthy selfishness in contributing to relationship well-being may have been ignored. 1. To Fromm, modern culture teaches that people should . A. feel ashamed to be selfish B. be punished if they’re selfish C. be forbidden to talk about selfishness D. feel guilty if they don’t love themselves 2. How is Paragraph 2 mainly developed? A. By listing figures. B. By analyzing causes. C. By providing examples. D. By comparing definitions. 3. Which of the following statements may Maslow agree with? A. Selfish behavior is bad all the time. B. Unselfish behavior should be valued more. C. Rich people have a healthy respect for one’s self. D. Selfish motivations may lead to unselfish behavior. 4. What can we conclude from the last paragraph? A. Our welfare is only based on our care for others. B. People should care about themselves more than others. C. People who care about others don’t care about themselves. D. Healthy selfishness can contribute to our relationship well-being. Passage 3 （24-25高一上·河南信阳二高·期中） If you use social media to chase away loneliness, a new study suggests that you’re going against the grain. We may have heard a lot about the benefits of interacting with others online, but the findings of a study conducted by scientists from the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine show a direct relationship between social media usage and feelings of isolation (孤独). In short, the more time you spend on social media, the lonelier you may feel. With increasing usage of a large number of apps that allow for endless virtual connectivity, loneliness seems like the last problem social media users would face, but according to Brain A. Primack, the leader of the study, it has the exact opposite effect. “Mental health problems and social isolation are widespread among young adults nowadays,” Primack said. “We are naturally social creatures, but modern life tends to separate us instead of bringing us together. While it may seem that social media provide opportunities to fill the social void (空白), I think this study suggests that it may not be the solution people were hoping for.” Primack and his team examined the social media habits of 1,787 U.S. adults aged between 19 and 32 via a questionnaire that asked about the usage frequency and the time they spent on the most popular social media platforms. Eventually, they determined that young adults who are constantly logging in social media are lonelier than those with less social media usage. Frequent exposure to unrealistic descriptions on social media instead of face-to-face social interactions may give people the impression that others are living more happily, and this may make users feel more isolated in comparison. 1. What does the underlined phrase “going against the grain” in Paragraph 1 mean? A. Doing it all wrong. B. On the way to success. C. Taking a risk. D. Making a difference. 2. What can we learn from the study? A. You will feel happier if you spend more time online. B. Online interaction is not the solution to social isolation. C. Virtual connectivity is the best way to fill the social void. D. Popular social media platforms can bring people together. 3. How did Primack and his team conduct the study? A. By providing explanations. B. By collecting data online. C. By doing a survey. D. By describing their own experiences. 4. What does the text mainly tell us? A. New research on social media usage has been published. B. Face-to-face social interactions are on the way out. C. Social media do users more harm than good. D. Social media might make loneliness worse. 主题03 人与自然 Passage 1 （24-25高一上·河南名校大联考·期中） A small Greek island, Tilos, got the title of a national park and can now make enough energy for itself. Now it has become the world’s first zero-waste island. The island no longer has any rubbish bins (垃圾箱) and the place where they used to put rubbish (the landfill site) is closed completely. In their place is the Center for Creative Upcycling, where things can either be repaired, reused, or be turned into art supplies or building materials. They began by setting up an information center so people could learn about how to sort (分类) their waste into three kinds: recyclable (可回收的) materials (paper, plastic, and glass); organic waste (food, fruit, stones and bones); and non-recyclable materials (soiled paper and personal things). Each family was then given its own zero-waste equipment, including boxes for recyclable and non-recyclable waste, a bag for organic waste, and a box for cigarette ends. A smartphone app watched real-time information to show how much had been recycled. Waste management and recycling measures have been improved, leading to a reduction in plastic and other non-biodegradable (不可生物降解的) waste. This has not only made the island beautiful but also protected its environment and ocean life. As a protected national park, the 63km² island is an important site for falcons, long-legged buzzards and a number of migratory birds that use Tilos as a stopover between Africa and Europe. Any visitors to the island have to take part in the schedule as well. Hotels have special equipment for separating rubbish and tourists can pick up cloth bags for shopping from the Zero Point Information Center. “In the beginning, it was fun but cost time and energy,” says Fotaras, one of 745 residents (居民). “But we all helped each other until we could do it well. I was amazed how old people welcomed the idea of no rubbish like the good old days— and that gave me hope and courage to do it.” 1. What makes Tilos special according to the text? A. It has smart rubbish bins. B. It is the smallest island in the world. C. It has the best energy production system. D. It is the world’s first zero-waste island. 2. What can residents learn from the information center? A. Their duty to collect waste. B. Methods of grouping their waste. C. Information on smartphone apps. D. Ways to make zero-waste equipment. 3. What is the benefit of improving waste management on Tilos? A. It has increased the number of tourists. B. It has made the residents’ lives easier. C. It has beautified the island and protected its nature. D. It has cut the cost in running hotels on the island. 4. What may be the residents’ attitude towards the waste management now? A. Supportive. B. Uncaring. C. Doubtful. D. Unclear. Passage 2 （24-25高一上·河南邓州·期中） It is not just the environment and the economy that are threatened by a warmer climate, but also culture and traditions around the world. Researchers at Lund University in Sweden have mapped what little is known about how climate change is gradually destroying local knowledge and cultural heritage. “We risk losing the memory of native people’s ways of life without this type of documentation,” says Guy Jackson at Lund University, one of the authors of a literature study. One conclusion of the study is that cultural heritage is primarily seen as something of material value, such as a historic building, and the loss is seen as a potential future problem, even though there is evidence that it is already happening. Focusing on material losses means that important traditions and knowledge systems are overlooked. “There are also many non-material losses that are valuable for both individual identity and group identity,” says Guy Jackson. The study shows a clear connection between loss of native cultural heritage and changes in the natural environment. For example, songs and working methods change when groups lose traditions linked to a physical location. One scientific article points out that identity is closely linked to the environment, “ Inuit people (因纽特人) in Canada are people of sea ice. If there is no. more sea ice, how can they be people of sea ice?” Loss of traditions and cultural heritage can make it more difficult to deal with climate change, and weaken social togetherness, as people lose touch with traditional ways of life. It also raises the question whether we can expect native people to protect and preserve rainforests and other ecosystems. The researchers hope that the literature study can read to more targeted research. They want to see a larger focus on how to handle, minimize and tackle future losses. “Science should contribute by developing practical solutions and strategies that help with adaptation to the losses that have already happened,” Guy Jackson concludes. 1. What can we learn from the first two paragraphs? A. Climate change causes cultural loss. B. The economy affects the environment. C. Cultural loss is a current problem. D. The native people are being forgotten. 2. What does the study show about the loss of native cultural heritage? A. It is seriously overestimated by scientists. B. It has brought great damage to Canadians. C. It has transformed global working methods. D. It is closely related to environmental changes. 3. What is paragraph 5 mainly about concerning the loss of traditions and cultural heritage? A. Its natural origins. B. Its negative results. C. Its potential reasons. D. Its effective solutions. 4. What is the main idea of the text? A. The unknown threats to the local knowledge. B. The practical solutions to some cultural issues. C. The climate change’s effect on culture and traditions. D. The various losses of important culture and traditions. / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题04 阅读理解 议论文+新闻报道 主题01 人与社会 Passage 1 （24-25高一上·河南商开联考·期中） The Chinese dragon, also known as the “loong”, standing for strength, fearlessness and kindness, is a cultural symbol for good business, rich harvests and good health. Unlike the European dragons, the Chinese dragons don’t give out fire. Instead, they are often connected with water. The Year of the Dragon brought extra joy to the worldwide Spring Festival celebrations from Zurich to Addis Ababa, firing interest in Chinese customs and history. In Zurich, Switzerland, Michael Hitz, a local people, tasted 40 types of Chinese dishes at a festival organized by Chinese Traditional Culture Association of Zurich for the Year of Dragon, offering a rich food cultural experience to the community. Similarly, in Harare, Zimbabwe, the China- Zimbabwe Friendship High School hosted lively local dances and drum performances to welcome the Year of the Dragon. At the same time, the students enjoyed Chinese martial arts inspired by a performance from the Henan Provincial Shaolin Wushu Training Center. Brenda Moyo, a local student, found the martial arts challenging yet wonderful. An acrobatics (杂技) performance in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, enjoyed by Temesgen Yitayew, a student learning Chinese, showed how the friendship between China and Ethiopia was growing stronger. Yitayew thought more events like this should be held to support cultural exchange, carrying the flags of both nations as a symbol of unity. 1. How many foreign countries celebrating the Year of the Dragon are mentioned? A. Two. B. Three. C. Four. D. Five. 2. What did Hitz do at the festival for the Year of the Dragon in Zurich? A. He practised Chinese martial arts. B. He organized a Chinese art show. C. He enjoyed fine Chinese dishes. D. He gave a speech about Chinese culture. 3. What did Yitayew expect? A. Free trips to China. B. More Chinese cultural events. C. A longer vacation in Europe. D. Less pressure from study. 4. What is the best title for the text? A. The Year of the Dragon Celebrated Worldwide B. The Magic Water- breathing Dragons of China C. A New Way of Celebrating the Chinese Spring Festival D. The Different Cultures Between China and Other Countries 【答案】1. B 2. C 3. B 4. A 【解析】 【导语】本交是一篇新闻报道。交章主要介绍了世界上不同国家庆祝中国龙年的活动。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。由文章第二段“In Zurich, Switzerland, Michael Hitz, a local people, tasted 40 types of Chinese dishes at a festival organized by Chinese Traditional Culture Association of Zurich for the Year of Dragon, offering a rich food cultural experience to the community. (在瑞士苏黎世，当地居民Michael Hitz在苏黎世中国传统文化协会举办的龙年节日上品尝了40种中国菜，为社区提供了丰富的饮食文化体验。)”、第三段“Similarly, in Harare, Zimbabwe, the China- Zimbabwe Friendship High School hosted lively local dances and drum performances to welcome the Year of the Dragon. (同样，在津巴布韦哈拉雷，中津友谊高中举行了热烈的当地舞蹈和击鼓表演，迎接龙年的到来。)”、第四段“An acrobatics (杂技) performance in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, enjoyed by Temesgen Yitayew, a student learning Chinese, showed how the friendship between China and Ethiopia was growing stronger. (在埃塞俄比亚首都亚的斯亚贝巴，一名学习中文的学生Temesgen Yitayew欣赏了一场杂技表演，展示了中国和埃塞俄比亚之间的友谊是如何日益牢固的。)”可知，文中提到了瑞士苏黎世、津巴布韦哈拉雷和埃塞俄比亚的亚的斯亚贝巴这三个国家的城市庆祝龙年的活动。因此，提到的外国国家数量是三个。故选B。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。由文章第二段“In Zurich, Switzerland, Michael Hitz, a local people, tasted 40 types of Chinese dishes at a festival organized by Chinese Traditional Culture Association of Zurich for the Year of Dragon, offering a rich food cultural experience to the community. (在瑞士苏黎世，当地居民Michael Hitz在苏黎世中国传统文化协会举办的龙年节日上品尝了40种中国菜，为社区提供了丰富的饮食文化体验。)”可知，Michael Hitz在苏黎世的龙年节庆活动中品尝了精美的中国菜。故选C。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。由文章最后一段中“Yitayew thought more events like this should be held to support cultural exchange, carrying the flags of both nations as a symbol of unity. (Yitayew认为应该举办更多这样的活动来支持文化交流，举着两国国旗作为团结的象征。)”可知，Temesgen Yitayew希望举办更多的中国文化活动以促进文化交流。故选B。 【4题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是由文章第一段中的“The Year of the Dragon brought extra joy to the worldwide Spring Festival celebrations from Zurich to Addis Ababa, firing interest in Chinese customs and history. (从苏黎世到亚的斯亚贝巴，龙年给全世界的春节庆祝活动带来了额外的欢乐，激发了人们对中国习俗和历史的兴趣。)”可知，文章主要介绍了龙年在全球范围内庆祝的情况，包括不同国家的城市如何通过各种活动庆祝龙年，展示了中国文化的魅力。因此，最佳标题是“The Year of the Dragon Celebrated Worldwide (世界各地庆祝龙年)”。故选A。 Passage 2 （23-24高一上·河南南阳·期中） The village super league, or “Cun Chao” in Chinese, is a soccer game among different villages in Rongjiang county, Guizhou Province, and it is so down-to-earth but popular that it has attracted not only the attention of football legend Michael Owen but also millions of Chinese netizens (网民), who are paying attention to this non-professional football league. The players come from a variety of backgrounds. They are vendors, drivers, students, carpenters, tilers, former butchers, and brick factory workers. Their ages range from 15 to over 40 years old. At the game site, representatives wearing various traditional national costumes play national musical instruments and enter the field with the players, and perform songs and dances. “This kind of football game is natural and with ‘pureness’ and it is driven by the love of the ordinary people not the economic benefits. The game is providing not only values of sports, but also a way of socializing with low costs,” an expert noted. This kind of atmosphere is very rarely seen and is treasured, especially for people in urban areas who are getting increasingly busy and under great work pressure, and when they look at the fun, relaxing and down-to-earth way of life in the countryside, they will naturally be interested, experts said. There is at least one good effect brought by the “Cun Chao” to Chinese soccer — to make more people see the pureness of joy and encourage them to play soccer. Today, more and more grassroots sports events are held in the mountains and are using sports as a medium to showcase the unique charm of the local area, reflecting an energetic lifestyle filled with agricultural activities and rural fun. 1. Why does the author mention Michael Owen in Paragraph 1? A. To show he is a household name in China. B. To voice his view on modern soccer game. C. To show the great popularity (流行) of “Cun Chao”. D. To stress the importance of “Cun Chao”. 2. What do we know about the players of “Cun Chao”? A. They are from all walks of life. B. Seniors are welcome to join the team. C. They are able to play national musical instruments. D. They wear traditional costumes on the soccer field. 3. Which of the following best describes “Cun Chao” according to Paragraph 3? A. Slow-paced (慢节奏的). B. Highly stressed. C. High-cost. D. Nonprofitable. 4. Which is the best title for the text? A. The village super league wins the hearts of Chinese. B. The village super league: From nobody to somebody. C. The village super league bridges the countryside and the city. D. The village super league promises the future of Chinese soccer. 【答案】1. C 2. A 3. D 4. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了“村超”这一地方性的足球比赛，包括参赛者的背景、比赛的特色以及这一活动所带来的社会影响。 【1题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第一段“The village super league, or “Cun Chao” in Chinese, is a soccer game among different villages in Rongjiang county, Guizhou Province, and it is so down-to-earth but popular that it has attracted not only the attention of football legend Michael Owen but also millions of Chinese netizens (网民), who are paying attention to this non-professional football league.(“村超”是贵州省榕江县各村庄之间举行的一场足球比赛，它朴实无华但又广受欢迎，不仅吸引了足球传奇人物迈克尔·欧文的注意，还吸引了数百万中国网民的关注，他们都在关注这个非职业足球联赛。)”可知，作者在第一段提到迈克尔·欧文，是为了显示“村超”朴实无华但又广受欢迎，故选C。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“The players come from a variety of backgrounds. They are vendors, drivers, students, carpenters, tilers, former butchers, and brick factory workers. (参赛选手来自各行各业，包括商贩、司机、学生、木匠、瓦工、前屠夫和砖厂工人等。)”可知，“村超”的参赛选手来自社会的各行各业。故选A。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第三段““This kind of football game is natural and with ‘pureness’ and it is driven by the love of the ordinary people not the economic benefits. The game is providing not only values of sports, but also a way of socializing with low costs,” an expert noted. (一位专家指出：“这种足球比赛自然、纯净，是由普通人对足球的热爱而非经济利益驱动的。比赛不仅提供了体育价值，还提供了一种低成本社交的方式。”)”可知，“村超”是由普通人对足球的热爱而非经济利益驱动的，而且是一种低成本的社交方式。故选D。 【4题详解】 主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“The village super league, or “Cun Chao” in Chinese, is a soccer game among different villages in Rongjiang county, Guizhou Province, and it is so down-to-earth but popular that it has attracted not only the attention of football legend Michael Owen but also millions of Chinese netizens (网民), who are paying attention to this non-professional football league.(“村超”是贵州省榕江县各村庄之间举行的一场足球比赛，它朴实无华但又广受欢迎，不仅吸引了足球传奇人物迈克尔·欧文的注意，还吸引了数百万中国网民的关注，他们都在关注这个非职业足球联赛。)”以及全文内容可知，文章主要描述了乡村超级联赛（村超）在贵州省榕江县的盛况，如何吸引众多人包括足球传奇人物迈克尔·欧文的关注，以及这一活动如何成为当地人们社交和娱乐的一种方式。文章还强调了这种活动如何体现了乡村生活的乐趣和纯粹性，并鼓励更多人参与足球运动。因此，文章的核心在于描述乡村超级联赛如何赢得人们的心，特别是那些忙碌、压力大的城市人群。因此推断A项“乡村超级联赛赢得中国人的心”为最佳标题。故选A。 Passage 3 （23-24高一上·河南开封·期中） Recently, a new kind of tourism has sprung (出现) up in China. Called “special forces (特种兵) style tourism”, this new kind of tourism is mainly about visiting many places of interest in a short period, most often on weekends. Most of these visitors are college students. Yu Yinghua, a college student in Shanghai, is one of them. The 22-year-old started the “special forces style tourism” in March after she was attracted by such experiences of some travel bloggers. “After staying a long time at school, I’m hungry to take trips in my spare time,” said Yu, “Now it’s time! Spring has come and we can go out to enjoy the beautiful natural scenery.” Most of her trips were inspired by understanding from her daily life, such as a place mentioned in a chat with friends. “But making a plan spot in the city, she was able to find a lot of information and learn more about these sites. That would help her save time when traveling on-site and enjoy the sites better.” Unlike Yu who traveled in nearby cities, Chen Junjun, a doctoral student in Shanghai likes to travel far to get rid of academic stress. In April, the 24-year-old took a two-day trip to Xi’an, Shaanxi province. During her trip, she visited all the scenic sites in the city. “With many academic responsibilities, such a trip can bring color to my life.” said Chen. Even so, the 24-year-old added that such tourism is not suitable for everyone. Chen said that it’s labor-consuming (耗费体力的) as visitors have to visit as many sites as possible in a short period. To some degree such trips are not as flexible (灵活的) as days-long trips in which you can change your plan as you like. “Thus, a great deal of energy and a calm mind are needed for this kind of tourism,” said Chen. 1. What do we know about Yu Yinghua? A. She was hungry in her travel. B. She only visited one site in a trip. C. She used to serve in special forces. D. She made a travel plan in advance carefully. 2. Why does Chen Junjun choose special forces style tourism? A. To use up her energy. B. To paint some colorful drawings. C. To reduce her study pressure. D. To take some academic responsibilities. 3. Which of the following describes the feature of special forces style tourism? A. Stressful. B. Time-consuming. C. Frightening. D. Money-consuming. 4. Where is the text most probably taken from? A. A travel guidebook. B. A report on special forces. C. A guidebook to a city. D. An introduction to a travel style. 【答案】1. D 2. C 3. A 4. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了一种近年来在中国大学生中兴起的一种新型旅游方式——特种兵旅游。 【1题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Most of her trips were inspired by understanding from her daily life, such as a place mentioned in a chat with friends. “But making a plan spot in the city, she was able to find a lot of information and learn more about these sites. That would help her save time when traveling on-site and enjoy the sites better.”(她的大部分旅行灵感都来自于日常生活中的感悟，比如和朋友聊天时提到的某个地方。“但在城市中制定计划时，她能够找到很多信息，并了解更多关于这些地方的信息。这将帮助她节省在现场旅行的时间，更好地享受这个地方。”)”可知，Yu Yinghua在旅游时会事先仔细地制定一个旅行计划。故选D。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Unlike Yu who traveled in nearby cities, Chen Junjun, a doctoral student in Shanghai likes to travel far to get rid of academic stress.(与在附近城市旅行的Yu不同，上海的博士生Chen Junjun喜欢长途旅行，以摆脱学业压力。)”可知，Chen Junjun选择特种兵旅游的原因是想缓解学业带来的压力。故选C。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Chen said that it’s labor-consuming (耗费体力的) as visitors have to visit as many sites as possible in a short period. To some degree such trips are not as flexible (灵活的) as days-long trips in which you can change your plan as you like. “Thus, a great deal of energy and a calm mind are needed for this kind of tourism,” said Chen.( Chen.说，这是非常耗费人力的，因为参观者必须在短时间内参观尽可能多的地方。在某种程度上，这样的旅行不像一天的旅行那么灵活，你可以随心所欲地改变你的计划。“因此，这种旅游需要大量的精力和冷静的头脑，”Chen.说。)”可知，特种兵旅游对体力要求高，而且要有冷静的头脑。由此可知，这种旅游方式压力大。故选A。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Recently, a new kind of tourism has sprung (出现) up in China. Called “special forces (特种兵) style tourism”, this new kind of tourism is mainly about visiting many places of interest in a short period, most often on weekends. Most of these visitors are college students.(最近，一种新型的旅游业在中国兴起。这种新型旅游被称为“特种兵旅游”，主要是在短时间内游览许多名胜，通常是在周末。这些游客大多是大学生。)”以及全文内容可知，文章主要介绍了一种新型的旅游方式。故选D。 Passage 4 （23-24高一上·河南顶尖联盟·期中） Workers continue to search the ruins of a large earthquake that hit Morocco Friday. Officials say almost 2,500 were killed in the quake, but that they expect that number will rise. The United Nations said the magnitude 6.8 earthquake affected 300,000 people. The damage (损失) was great because the starting point of the shaking was not far below the ground. It is the strongest quake to hit the North African nation since 1900. And, it is reported to be the country’s deadliest since 1960, when at least 12,000 people were killed in and near the city of Agadir. So far, Morocco has accepted support from four countries — Spain, Qatar, Great Britain and the United Arab Emirates. Other nations have offered help as well. Groups from the Moroccan army left Monday from Amizmiz to move into the small mountain villages. Heavy equipment was sent to clear the roads and both visitors and local people lined up to give blood. Many people continued to sleep outside, fearing smaller earthquakes that often follow a major one. In the village of Imgdal, women and children gathered outside and some kept warm around an open fire on Monday morning. On a road near the town of Adassil, near the epicenter (震中), one rescue (救援) worker, Ayman Koait, was trying to clear the rocks that were restraining trucks from getting by. He said other roads were in bad shape. “We’re trying to open them, too,” said Ayman Koait. People said they dug through the ruins of their homes looking for relatives. They also moved rocks and walls looking for important items. Many of the homes are made from wood, rock and mud, which made them fall easily when the ground started shaking. One military (军方的) worker said “it is difficult to pull people out alive” because the walls turned into ruins and did not leave any space for air. 1. Why was the earthquake so serious? A. It happened close to the ground. B. It broke out at midnight. C. Rescue was not timely enough. D. There was no proper protection. 2. Why did the local people keep staying outside after the earthquake? A. To receive supplies. B. To get ready for leaving for other towns. C. To avoid possible following ones. D. To keep themselves warm around open fires. 3. What does the underlined word “restraining” in paragraph 5 probably mean? A. Guiding. B. Preventing. C. Repairing. D. Supporting. 4. Why did the military worker think the rescue was almost hopeless? A. The villages are out of reach. B. The roads were badly damaged. C. The damaged areas are too close to the epicenter. D. The special houses made it hard for people to be alive. 【答案】1. A 2. C 3. B 4. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了摩洛哥星期五发生大地震，大约有2500人在地震中丧生，救援人员在废墟中搜救被困人员，帮助摩洛哥地震灾民。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“The damage (损失) was great because the starting point of the shaking was not far below the ground. (破坏是巨大的，因为震源离地面不远)”可知，地震严重是因为震源靠近地面。故选A项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Many people continued to sleep outside, fearing smaller earthquakes that often follow a major one. (许多人继续睡在外面，担心大地震之后会发生小地震)”可知，地震后许多当地人继续睡在外面是为了避免之后可能会发生的小地震。故选C项。 【3题详解】 词句猜测题。根据画线词的前文“On a road near the town of Adassil, near the epicenter (震中), one rescue (救援) worker, Ayman Koait, was trying to clear the rocks (在靠近震中的Adassil镇附近的一条路上，救援人员Ayman Koait正试图清理岩石)”和后文“trucks from getting by (卡车无法通行)”可推知，地震救援人员清理岩石的目的应该是让卡车可以通过道路。由此推知，这些岩石目前阻碍了卡车通行，restraining意思应该是“阻碍”，与preventing意思相近。故选B项。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“Many of the homes are made from wood, rock and mud, which made them fall easily when the ground started shaking. One military (军方的) worker said “it is difficult to pull people out alive” because the walls turned into ruins and did not leave any space for air. (许多房屋是用木头、岩石和泥土建造的，这使得它们在地面开始震动时很容易倒塌。一名军方工作人员说，“很难把人活着救出来”，因为墙壁变成了废墟，没有给空气留下任何空间)”可知，军方工作人员认为救援无望是因为特殊的房屋构造让人们很难存活下来。故选D项。 Passage 5 （23-24高一上·河南开封五校·期中） Forecasters say Floridians should monitor a system likely to become a tropical depression(热带低压)as it moves into the Gulf of Mexico by early next week. The area of low pressure over the northwestern Caribbean Sea was producing showers and thunderstorms, according to a Friday evening update from the National Hurricane Center. Condition s favor slow development over the next several days, and forecasters expect the system will become a tropical depression early next week while moving north over the eastern Gulf of Mexico. Michael Brennan, the National Hurricane Center director, said in a live video Friday, “There is a lot of uncertainty with this system since it’s yet to take shape. What we’re most confident in is that there will likely be some rainfall impacts across much of the Florida Peninsula and possibly up along the southeast coast of the United States.” The potential threat for Florida would come around on Tuesday, said Brian McNoldy, a researcher at the University of Miami. McNoldy added that global models were in agreement that the system would develop slowly. The hurricane center on Friday gave the system the temporary name of Invest 93L, meaning forecasters would collect specialized data and run more models. According to Mark Luther, a professor at the University of South Florida, tropical systems like to feed off that hot water, especially when it’s hot below the surface like it is now. “Keep a sharp eye on it and have your hurricane plan in place,” Luther said. “Even if it’s a small storm, if it hits at the right angle, it can cause flooding around here.” Storms that cross through this steamy section of the eastern Gulf of Mexico have historically intensified(增强)quickly. Hurricane Michael in 2018 emerged off the Yucatán Peninsula before ultimately making landfall as a Category 5 storm in Florida’s Panhandle. 1. What did Brennan think would most likely happen next week? A. Water shortage. B. Severe damage. C. Fine weather. D. Heavy rainfall. 2. What did Luther probably expect people to do? A. Ask for clear guidance. B. Be watchful about possible disasters. C. Make a quick decision. D. Send relief to flood victims at once. 3. Why does the author mention Hurricane Michael? A. To express his heartfelt thanks for the rescue effort. B. To erase scientists’ doubts about these global models. C. To prove the weather forecast is timely and accurate. D. To explain the tropical system may bring heavy storm. 4. What is the text? A. A news report. B. A diary entry. C. A children’s story. D. A research paper. 【答案】1. D 2. B 3. D 4. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。气象预报显示，加勒比海西北区域形成的热带低压下周可能将影响佛罗里达半岛乃至美国东南海岸，或引发洪涝灾害。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“What we’re most confident in is that there will likely be some rainfall(我们最可以肯定的是可能会有降雨)”可知，Brennan认为加勒比海西北区域形成的热带低压极有可能在下周带来强降雨，故选D项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段““Keep a sharp eye on it and have your hurricane plan in place”, Luther said. “Even if it’s a small storm, if it hits at the right angle, it can cause flooding around here. ”(路德说：“要密切关注它，并制定好飓风计划。”“即使是一场小风暴，如果它以正确的角度袭击，也可能在这里引发洪水。”)”可知，Luther希望民众密切关注气象信息，警惕可能发生的自然灾害，故选B项。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Storms that cross through this steamy section of the eastern Gulf of Mexico have historically intensified(增强)quickly. Hurricane Michael in 2018 emerged off the Yucatán Peninsula before ultimately making landfall as a Category 5 storm in Florida’s Panhandle (穿越墨西哥湾东部这一潮湿地区的风暴在历史上迅速增强。2018年，飓风迈克尔在尤卡坦半岛附近出现，最终以五级风暴的形式登陆佛罗里达州狭长地带)”可推断，作者在此提及飓风Michael是为了说明热带低压可能带来大暴雨，故选D项。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“Forecasters say Floridians should monitor a system likely to become a tropical depression(热带低压)as it moves into the Gulf of Mexico by early next week.(天气预报员说，佛罗里达人应该在下周初监测到一个可能成为热带低气压的系统，因为它将进入墨西哥湾)”、第三段“What we’re most confident in is that there will likely be some rainfall(我们最可以肯定的是可能会有降雨)”、第五段““Keep a sharp eye on it and have your hurricane plan in place”, Luther said. “Even if it’s a small storm, if it hits at the right angle, it can cause flooding around here. ”(路德说：“要密切关注它，并制定好飓风计划。”“即使是一场小风暴，如果它以正确的角度袭击，也可能在这里引发洪水。”)”以及最后一段“Storms that cross through this steamy section of the eastern Gulf of Mexico have historically intensified(增强)quickly. Hurricane Michael in 2018 emerged off the Yucatán Peninsula before ultimately making landfall as a Category 5 storm in Florida’s Panhandle (穿越墨西哥湾东部这一潮湿地区的风暴在历史上迅速增强。2018年，飓风迈克尔在尤卡坦半岛附近出现，最终以五级风暴的形式登陆佛罗里达州狭长地带)”可知本文主要讲的是气象预报显示，加勒比海西北区域形成的热带低压下周可能将影响佛罗里达半岛乃至美国东南海岸，或引发洪涝灾害，符合新闻报道的写作特点，故选A项。 主题02 人与自我 Passage 1 （24-25高一上·河南九师联盟·期中） A little girl from Joshua Tree, California, has made Internet viewers laugh with a funny video of her playing with her favorite toy. In the video, posted by her mom, Hannah Williams, the one-year-old girl is taking care of her baby doll. She rocks the doll, acting like a good mom, which is why Williams began recording. However, things took a surprising turn. “I guess she finished playing because she suddenly threw the baby into her toy kitchen cabinet（橱柜）, and ran off,” Williams recalled. With a sense of humor, Williams added a message in the video saying, “Whenever I feel like a bad mom, I remember my daughter’s parenting style.” It is common for young children to play hard with baby dolls. This behavior often shows their growth instead of doing it on purpose. Young children are still improving their motor skills, and their movements may seem rough（不协调）as they may not have full control yet, leading to careless handling of toys. Play is also a safe way for kids to explore their feelings like anger or excitement. They might play roughly with dolls as a way to act out feelings they don’t have words for yet. Luckily, Williams saw the funny side of her daughter’s actions and the whole family couldn’t stop laughing. “She likes to hide in her big kitchen cabinet, so she probably thought the cabinet was a good place for her baby doll to hide, too. I love how pleased she was with herself,” Williams said. The video quickly became popular, getting over 14.5 million views. Although comments were turned off, Williams mentioned that many parents related to the situation. “I posted the video thinking it was just funny. Parenthood is very tiring, so a good laugh is always welcome,” she added. 1. What did Williams do when seeing her daughter rocking the doll? A. She put the toy away. B. She called an Internet viewer. C. She videoed the moment. D. She wrote an article about it. 2. What is the author’s opinion about young children playing hard with toys? A. They throw the toys on purpose. B. They are willing to share toys with others. C. They want to hide their feelings. D. They practice control of their movements. 3. What did Williams expect of the video? A. It would make her plan popular. B. It would bring laughter to parents. C. It would teach her daughter a lesson. D. It would put an end to the discussion. 4. Which is the most suitable title for the text? A. An Online Video Became a Hit B. A Mother Felt Bad About Her Daughter C. Growing up Is a Struggling Ride D. Video Games Are Harmful to Children 【答案】1. C 2. D 3. B 4. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。Hannah Williams在网上发布其一周岁的女儿在家模仿妈妈照看孩子的搞笑视频，该视频迅速走红并引起家长群体的共鸣。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“She rocks the doll, acting like a good mom, which is why Williams began recording.(她摇晃着玩具娃娃，表现得像个好妈妈一样，这正是Williams开始录像的原因)”可知，当女儿摇晃她的玩具娃娃时，Williams及时拍下了这一幕。故选C。 【2题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“This behavior often shows their growth instead of doing it on purpose. Young children are still improving their motor skills, and their movements may seem rough（不协调）as they may not have full control yet, leading to careless handling of toys.(这一行为通常表明他们在成长，而不是故意这么做的。小孩子仍在提升自己的运动技能，而他们的行动可能看着不太协调，因为他们还不能完全掌控身体，导致对玩具对待不当)”可推断，作者认为小孩粗暴地对待玩具表明他们在练习掌控肢体动作。故选D。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段引述Williams的话“I posted the video thinking it was just funny. Parenthood is very tiring, so a good laugh is always welcome(我上传了视频，想着还挺好玩的。为人父母挺累的，所以开怀大笑总是受欢迎的)”可推断，Williams希望她分享的这段视频能为与她相同处境的家长们带来欢声笑语。故选B。 【4题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“A little girl from Joshua Tree, California, has made Internet viewers laugh with a funny video of her playing with her favorite toy.(来自加利福尼亚州约书亚树的一个小女孩，用她玩自己最喜欢的玩具的有趣视频让互联网观众大笑)”和最后一段“The video quickly became popular, getting over 14.5 million views.(视频很快火了，达到了一千四百五十万多的播放量)”可知，本文主要讲述了Hannah Williams在网上发布其一周岁的女儿在家模仿妈妈照看孩子的搞笑视频，该视频迅速走红并引起家长群体的共鸣。A项“一个网络视频走红”符合文章内容，适合作本文标题。故选A。 Passage 2 （24-25高一上·河南周口恒大·期中） Qian Hongyan waited on the starting block, supporting herself using her hands and torso. When the starting signal sounded, Qian pushed herself in. She won the silver medal in the women’s 100-meter breaststroke (蛙泳) SB5 final in the 11th National Games for Persons with Disabilities held in Xi’an, Shaanxi province in 2021. Qian, from Luliang of Yunnan province, had both of her legs cut off after getting into an accident in 2000 when she was 4 years old. Her family were extremely poor. With little resources available, her grandfather cut up an old basketball to replace her lower body. Since then, she became well-known for moving around while balanced on an orange ball, earning her the nickname “basketball girl”. Qian’s passion for swimming dates back to 2007, when she was invited by the local disabled people’s federation to watch the 2008 National Paralympic Games in Kunming, capital of Yunnan. At 11 years old, she joined the provincial swimming team for people with disabilities. However, without legs, it was difficult for Qian to keep her balance in water. “Swimming without legs is like rowing a boat without a rudder. I tended to swing due to a poor sense of direction. ” Qian said. To help her overcome the difficulty, her coach designed a special training plan for her. Every day, she practiced for at least four hours. She made great efforts to enhance her arm strength and balance. In 2009, she won three gold medals in the provincial contests in Yunnan, as well as one gold medal and two silvers at national events. In 2014, she won another gold medal in the 100m breaststroke final in the Yunnan Provincial Paralympic Games. In the 2016 Rio Paralympic Games, she placed ninth in the 100m breaststroke. Qian’s journey to create a future for herself, despite losing both legs in a tragic accident, has become the story that inspired thousands of disabled people in China. 1. How did Qian earn her the nickname “basketball girl”? A. She liked playing basketball. B. She has a large collection of basketball. C. She kept balanced on an old basketball. D. She got into an accident when playing basketball. 2. What made Qian become interested in swimming? A. She received a special training plan. B. She joined the provincial swimming team. C. She tended to swing with a poor sense of direction. D. She was invited to watch the 2008 National Paralympic Games. 3. What does Paragraph 4 mainly tell us about Qian? A. Her efforts. B. Her achievements. C. Her skills. D. Her influences. 4. What is the best title of the passage? A. Painstaking Efforts Pay Off B. Help Cures Everything C. How to Be Successful D. A Passion for Basketball 【答案】1. C 2. D 3. B 4. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了“篮球女孩”钱红艳的励志故事。她4岁被截肢，爷爷用篮球给她“造出了”下半身；当受邀观看残奥会后，奥运精神激励她成为游泳健儿。在艰辛的付出下，她终于圆了自己的奥运梦，用坚忍不拔的意志激励了无数的人。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段内容“With little resources available, her grandfather cut up an old basketball to replace her lower body. Since then, she became well-known for moving around while balanced on an orange ball, earning her the nickname “basketball girl”.(在没有什么可用资源的情况下，她的祖父拆了一个旧篮球来代替她的下半身。从那时起，她就因在橙色的球上保持平衡而闻名，并因此获得了“篮球女孩”的绰号。)”可知，因事故而被截肢，失去双腿的她需要爷爷用切掉一半的篮球代替她的下半身以保持平衡，这使得她成为“篮球女孩”。故选C。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第三段内容“Qian’s passion for swimming dates back to 2007, when she was invited by the local disabled people’s federation to watch the 2008 National Paralympic Games in Kunming, capital of Yunnan.(钱对游泳的热爱可以追溯到2007年，当时她应当地残疾人联合会的邀请，去云南省会昆明观看2008年残奥会。)”可知，因被邀请观看残奥会，她对游泳产生了兴趣。故选D。 【3题详解】 主旨大意题。通过阅读第四段内容“In 2009, she won three gold medals in the provincial contests in Yunnan, as well as one gold medal and two silvers at national events. In 2014, she won another gold medal in the 100m breaststroke final in the Yunnan Provincial Paralympic Games. In the 2016 Rio Paralympic Games, she placed ninth in the 100m breaststroke.( 2009年，她在云南省的省级比赛中获得三枚金牌，在全国比赛中获得一枚金牌和两枚银牌。2014年，她在云南省残奥会100米蛙泳决赛中获得另一枚金牌。在2016年的残奥会上，她在100米蛙泳中排名第九。)”可知，该段按照时间顺序讲述了她在历次比赛中获得的成绩，因此第四段主要告诉我们她的成就，故选B。 【4题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段的“She won the silver medal in the women’s 100-meter breaststroke (蛙泳) SB5 final in the 11th National Games for Persons with Disabilities held in Xi’an, Shaanxi province in 2021.(她于2021年在陕西西安举行的第十一届全国残疾人运动会女子100米蛙泳SB5决赛中获得银牌。)”，第三段的“To help her overcome the difficulty, her coach designed a special training plan for her. Every day, she practiced for at least four hours. She made great efforts to enhance her arm strength and balance.(为了帮助她克服困难，她的教练为她设计了一个特殊的训练计划。她每天至少练习四个小时。她努力增强手臂力量和平衡能力。)”及倒数第二段的“In 2009, she won three gold medals in the provincial contests in Yunnan, as well as one gold medal and two silvers at national events. In 2014, she won another gold medal in the 100m breaststroke final in the Yunnan Provincial Paralympic Games. In the 2016 Rio Paralympic Games, she placed ninth in the 100m breaststroke.(2009年，她在云南省的省级比赛中获得三枚金牌，在国家级比赛中获得一枚金牌和两枚银牌。2014年，她在云南省残疾人奥运会100米蛙泳决赛中再次获得金牌。在2016年里约热内卢残疾人奥运会上，她在100米蛙泳比赛中获得第九名。)”可知，本文主要讲的是“篮球女孩”钱红艳在艰辛的付出下，她终于圆了自己的奥运梦，用坚忍不拔的意志激励了无数的人，因此最好的题目是A选项“Painstaking Efforts Pay Off(努力有回报)”，故选A。 Passage 3 （23-24高一上·河南安阳·期中） How do you usually spend your spare time? Many people choose to be couch potatoes, but not Luo Han, a 9-year-old from Changsha, Hunan. Luo Han completes at least two hours of outdoor activities every day and has raised a wave of discussion online. Although he is in primary school, he has already mastered sports like kayaking and paddling. His aptitude for outdoor sports is from his father Luo Ge, who actively encourages him to enjoy nature, rather than focusing only on his learning. After noticing that Luo Han did not go out for enough exercise after school, his father took him to do outdoor activities every day. Many applauded them. “Exercise can ease brain fog and improve memory. Many students feel stressed about school work, so outdoor activities can help us keep our moods uplifted and improve our learning efficiency.” said Liu Yu, 18, a university freshman. Wang Tao, a parent of a 16-year-old, showed her support for the father. “It’s more than a way to relax. It’s a training of willpower,” she said. Her son He Xin, from Hefei Thomas School, Anhui, is a fan of outdoor sports. Although facing increasing pressure in his studies, he has joined the school’s athletic programs. However, some have also expressed their concerns. “Two hours isn’t too much for a 9-year-old, but it might be difficult for high school students to guarantee this block of time when school becomes more demanding,” said Huang Xi, 16, from Liyang High School of Jiangsu province. Ms. Zhu, who has a daughter in middle school, also agreed that two hours is too much for the majority of parents, especially on weekdays. “When I am off duty, I need to do housework. After my daughter finishes her homework, she prefers to watch TV. Neither of us would think of going outside for exercise,” Zhu said. Other parents are concerned about the safety of outdoor activities. Zhang Zhijin has a son in high school. “Sometimes, teenagers can do crazy and risky things. We worry about accidents,” Zhang said. 1. Which of the following is true? A. Liu Yu thinks outdoor activities can improve our learning. B. Outdoor playing is only good to relaxation. C. Luo Han ’s father thinks learning is more important than exercising. D. Luo Han’s father thinks exercise on campus is enough for him. 2. What does the author mean by the underlined word “stressed” in Paragraph 3? A. annoyed B. excited C. anxious D. frightened 3. Which of the following may agree with Ms Zhu? A. Huang Xi B. Liu Yu C. Wang Tao D. Luo Han 4. What's the best title of the passage? A. Please go out for exercise B. Daily outdoor play and working C. People’s concerns D. Parent’s views on after-class work 【答案】1. A 2. C 3. A 4. B 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇议论文。文章主要就学生该不该保证日常户外活动时间引发的讨论而展开，介绍了不同的人对此的看法。有人认为户外活动可以缓解紧张情绪，放松学生的身心，而有些人则认为高中生无法保证有充足的户外时间，家长则担忧对户外活动安全性。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“‘Many students feel stressed about school work, so outdoor activities can help us keep our moods uplifted and improve our learning efficiency.'said Liu Yu, 18, a university freshman(18岁的大一新生刘宇说：‘许多学生对学校的学业感到有压力，所以户外活动可以帮助我们保持我们的情绪高涨，提高我们的学习效率’)”可知，A选项“刘宇认为户外活动可以提高我们的学习”正确。故选A。 【2题详解】 词义猜测题。根据画线词后文“so outdoor activities can help us keep our moods uplifted and improve our learning efficiency”可知户外活动可以帮助学生保持心情愉快，提高学习效率，可推知是因为学生对学校的学业感到忧虑，所以才需要户外活动来缓解，故画线词意思为“忧虑的”。A. annoyed恼怒的；B. excited激动的；C. anxious忧虑的；D. frightened害怕的。故选C。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Ms. Zhu, who has a daughter in middle school, also agreed that two hours is too much for the majority of parents, especially on weekdays.(朱女士有一个上中学的女儿，她也认为两个小时对大多数父母来说太长了，尤其是在工作日)”以及倒数第三段中“‘Two hours isn’t too much for a 9-year-old, but it might be difficult for high school students to guarantee this block of time when school becomes more demanding’said Huang Xi, 16, from Liyang High School of Jiangsu province.(‘两个小时对一个9岁的孩子来说不算多，但对高中生来说，当学校要求越来越高的时候，要保证这段时间是很困难的’，来自江苏省溧阳中学的16岁学生黄曦说)”可知，黄曦可能与朱女士观点一致。故选A。 【4题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第二段“Luo Han completes at least two hours of outdoor activities every day and has raised a wave of discussion online. .(罗涵天至少要完成两个小时的户外活动，并在网上引发了一波讨论)”可知，文章主要就学生该不该保证日常户外活动时间引发的讨论而展开，介绍了不同的人对此的看法。有人认为户外活动可以缓解紧张情绪，放松学生的身心，而有些人则认为高中生无法保证有充足的户外时间，家长则担忧对户外活动安全性。故B选项“日常户外活动和学业”最符合文章标题。故选B。 Passage 4 （23-24高一上·河南省实验中学·期中） While most people are inspired by the motto(座右铭), “you’re never too old to learn something new,” Kimeila Campbell has also shown that you’re never too young to bring about change. Born in Jamaica and then having moved to the United States, Kimeila grew up watching her entrepreneur (创业者) mother run an event space. “Seeing her go through ups and downs made me want to be an entrepreneur too,” said Kimeila, who sometimes helped her mom at Glitz Elite Events Studio. “I thought for my age, maybe I’m too young. My mom said it could help other kids and teen entrepreneurs instead of just making money for myself.” With this ambition(雄心), she started her own monthly magazine in January when she celebrated her 14th birthday. Her YNTY magazine -- which stands for You’re Never Too Young -- aims to inspire young and upcoming entrepreneurs, influencers and public figures(公众人物). It is to inspire people younger than 18 to follow their dreams whatever their age. “Nowadays, teenagers look up to rich women and men on social media and dream to be like them, without any idea of the price they had to pay to get to where they are now,” Kimeila said to the QSN website. “Consider your choices carefully and make goals for where you want to be in the future.” In the magazine, Kimeila shows hot topics, daily affirmations (每日警句) in business, as well as suggestions from professionals and those who have made it in their industries. Meanwhile, the YNTY magazine also includes a special part in which necessary steps are given to parents of young entrepreneurs to help and guide their children. “One thing I’d like my readers to know is that ... if you believe you can do it, YNTY is where you can come to find a community of comfort and confidence to support your dreams.” Kimeila refused to wait until she’s older to make a difference in the world. In the next five years, the young girl wants to make the YNTY magazine “appear on newsstands around the world, in various languages, a famous name and the source ‘kidpreneurs (少年企业家)’ go to for advice and inspiration whenever they feel discouraged or at a loss,” the QNS website noted. 1. What does the article tell us about Campell? A. She was born and raised in the US. B. Her mom inspired her to be an entrepreneur. C. Her motto is “You are never too young”. D. She wants to run her own events studio in the future. 2. Why does Campell have the goal of starting her YNTY Magazine? A. To get to know more public figures. B. To earn herself money and fame. C. To inspire young entrepreneurs. D. To promote her mom’s event space. 3. What can readers expect to read in YNTY Magazine? A. Popular fashion topics B. Suggestions from teachers. C. Daily jokes about business D. Tips for parents of young entrepreneurs 4. Which of the following best describes Campell? A. Helpful and ambitious B. Organized and modest C. Creative and careful D. Brave and emotional. 【答案】1. B 2. C 3. D 4. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是新闻报道。文章主要讲述Kimeila Campell受妈妈的影响，成为了一名青年企业家。 【1题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“Born in Jamaica and then having moved to the United States, Kimeila grew up watching her entrepreneur (创业者) mother run an event space. (Kimeila 出生在牙买加，后来搬到了美国，在成长过程中，她看着自己企业家母亲经营一家活动场所。)”和第二段““Seeing her go through ups and downs made me want to be an entrepreneur too,” said Kimeila, who sometimes helped her mom at Glitz Elite Events Studio. (“看到她经历起起落落，我也想成为一名企业家，”Kimeila说，她有时会在Glitz Elite Events Studio帮助她的妈妈。)”可知，Kimeila的妈妈激励她成为一名企业家。故选B。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“Her YNTY magazine -- which stands for You’re Never Too Young -- aims to inspire young and upcoming entrepreneurs, influencers and public figures(公众人物). It is to inspire people younger than 18 to follow their dreams whatever their age. (她的《YNTY》杂志代表《你永远不会太年轻》，旨在激励年轻和即将成为企业家、有影响力的人和公众人物。这是为了激励18岁以下的人，无论他们的年龄大小，都要追求自己的梦想。)”可知，Kimeila创立自己的《YNTY》杂志的目的是要激励年轻和即将成为企业家、有影响力的人和公众人物。故选C。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段“Meanwhile, the YNTY magazine also includes a special part in which necessary steps are given to parents of young entrepreneurs to help and guide their children. (同时，《YNTY》杂志也有一个特别部分，向年轻企业家的父母提供必要的步骤，帮助和引导他们的孩子。)”可知，同时，《YNTY》杂志会向年轻企业家的父母提供必要的步骤，帮助和引导他们的孩子。故选D。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“Her YNTY magazine -- which stands for You’re Never Too Young -- aims to inspire young and upcoming entrepreneurs, influencers and public figures(公众人物). It is to inspire people younger than 18 to follow their dreams whatever their age. (她的《YNTY》杂志代表《你永远不会太年轻》，旨在激励年轻和即将成为企业家、有影响力的人和公众人物。这是为了激励18岁以下的人，无论他们的年龄大小，都要追求自己的梦想。)”和最后一段“In the next five years, the young girl wants to make the YNTY magazine “appear on newsstands around the world, in various languages, a famous name and the source ‘kidpreneurs (少年企业家)’ go to for advice and inspiration whenever they feel discouraged or at a loss,” the QNS website noted. (QNS网站指出，在接下来的五年里，这位年轻女孩想让《YNTY》杂志“以各种语言出现在世界各地的报摊上，一个著名的名字和‘儿童企业家’在感到沮丧或不知所措时寻求建议和灵感的来源”。)”可知，Kimeila是一个乐于助人且雄心勃勃的人。故选A。 主题03 人与自然 Passage 1 （24-25高一上·河南渑池·期中） Some of the greatest problems we face today are the destruction (破坏)of our environment.Brown clouds, polluted water, endangered wild animals..., these problems seem so huge. So my family does what we can. We take cloth bags to stores instead of using plastic bags. We walk where we don’t have to drive. But does it do any good? When I am the only one in line at the market with cloth bags, am I doing any good? Does my walking to stores make any real difference to the world? I recently learned something about flamingos(火烈鸟)which like to get together in groups of a thousand or more Every year when the time comes for migration (迁徙), a few of them first take off from the lake. But none of the others seem to notice, so the small group returns. However, the next day they try again. This time a few more fly along with them, but most of them still pay no attention, so they return again. They try for several times. Every time a few more birds join in but ,since the thousands of others still take no notice, the great migration plan is once more stopped. Then one day something changes. The same small group of birds once again starts flying and a small number more join in just as before, then more. Finally, they all take flight and the migration really begins. What a spectacular sight it must be--thousands of flamingos taking off into the sky at once! A few can make a difference. Even if you’re the one to take the first step, and continue trying,others will someday take notice and together we will solve even our greatest problems. 1. Where would you most probably read this passage? A. A guidebook. B. A movie poster. C. An animal magazine. D. A personal blog 2. Why does the writer use cloth bags in stores? A. There are only cloth bags in stores. B. All the people use cloth bags in stores. C. He thinks plastic bags are more expensive. D. He wants to do some good to the environment. 3. What does the underlined word “spectacular” in Paragraph 5 probably mean? A. Disappointing. B. Fantastic. C. Terrible D. Surprising 4. What's the writer's purpose of writing this article? A. To show that the writer loves to see the migration of flamingos. B. To tell readers to continue trying and it can make a difference. C. To introduce a special kind of flamingo to readers. D. To show that there' re many problems in the world. 【答案】1. D 2. D 3. B 4. B 【解析】 【分析】这一是篇议论文。主要讲述了作者对于现在环境存在的问题提出了一些担忧以及自己和家人的保护环境行为。呼吁人们要从小事做起保护环境。 【1题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一、二段“Some of the greatest problems we face today are the destruction （破坏） of our environment.”和“So my family does what we can. We take cloth bags to stores instead of using plastic bags. ”我们当今面临的最大问题中的一部分是环境破坏，所以我一家人都做一些力所能及的事情，我们去商店带布包而不是用塑料袋，可知本文主要讲述了作者对于现在环境存在的问题提出了一些担忧以及自己和家人的保护环境行为。由此判断出该类针对某一问题发表个人观点应出现在个人博客中。故选D项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一、二段“Some of the greatest problems we face today are the destruction （破坏） of our environment.”和“So my family does what we can. We take cloth bags to stores instead of using plastic bags. ”我们当今面临的最大问题中的一部分是环境破坏，所以我一家人都做一些力所能及的事情，我们去商店带布包而不是用塑料袋，可知作者带布包是想为保护环境做一些事情，故选D项。 【3题详解】 词义猜测题。根据第五段后文“thousands of flamingos taking off into the sky at once”成千上万只火烈鸟立刻飞上天空，可知 What a spectacular sight it must应译为“那一定是令人惊叹的景象”。A. frustrating“令人沮丧的”；B. surprised“感到 惊讶的”；C. terrible“糟糕的”；D. fantastic“不可思议的，极好的”。所以通过上下文的语境可以判断出换线词的意思是“不可思议的”的意思。故选B项。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“A few can make a difference. Even if you’re the one to take the first step, and continue trying, others will someday take notice and together we will solve even our greatest problems.”有一些小行为可以促成大的改变，即使你现在才迈出第一步，并且继续尝试，其他人终有一天会注意到，那样的话我们会一起解决我们最大的问题。由此判断出作者写这篇文章的目的是呼吁人们要坚持努力，从小事做起保护环境，总有一天会产生影响。故选B项。 Passage 2 （24-25高一上·河南郑州外国语·期中） This winter, the state of California in the US received unusually large amounts of rain and snow. Now, people worry that some areas will flood as the snow in the Sierra Nevada Mountains melts (融化). Ron Caetano lives about half-way between the cities of Los Angeles and San Francisco. He is preparing to leave in case his community, called the Island District, floods. More than 100 years ago, the Island District area was under Tulare Lake, a large lake. At one time, Tulare Lake was the largest freshwater lake west of the Mississippi River. But reservoirs (水库) and watering systems for agriculture caused it to disappear. However, in very rainy years, farmland can still get covered with water. Experts say reservoirs near the area will likely receive three times more water than they can hold this year. That means officials must increase the amount of water they release (释放) from the reservoirs. But if too much water is released, the area might flood. The Island District has organized a community network to help prepare for floods. People are placing sandbags close to elderly neighbors’ houses to stop possible flooding. And they are looking at reports from water officials, county officials, and from each other. California has had very dry weather in recent years. Therefore, both cities and farm communities acclaimed this year’s winter rains. If the weather gets warmer slowly, the snow will not melt quickly and there may be little or no flooding. But if the weather gets hot quickly, that will bring trouble from too much melting snow. Officials announced plans to close parts of Yosemite National Park because of possible danger of flooding. The park is about 270 kilometers east of San Francisco in the Sierra Nevada Mountains. Nicholas Pinter is with the University of California, Davis Center for Watershed Sciences. He said the lake’s size has always changed because of California’s weather. He described the surrounding area this way. “It has been an engineering problem all along,” he said. “This is a bathtub (浴缸) with no way out.” 1. What made Tulare Lake disappear? A. Lack of rainfall. B. Natural disasters. C. Climate warming. D. Human behavior. 2. What does the underlined word “acclaimed” in paragraph 6 mean? A. Feared. B. Doubted. C. Welcomed. D. Tracked. 3. What might Californians want to see? A. The government can help them move to other states. B. The weather can get warm gradually in California. C. There is more rain in the cities than on farms. D. The officials release water on a regular basis. 4. What can we infer from Nicholas Pinter’s words? A. It is difficult to deal with the flood. B. It is easy to keep the snow water. C. The surrounding area is unfit to live in. D. The lake is already overflowing. 【答案】1. D 2. C 3. B 4. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章指出加利福尼亚州今年冬天降雨雪量异常大，使得人们担心山区积雪融化后会引发洪水。在 Tulare Lake 地区，水库和农业灌溉系统造成了湖泊的消失，但在极度降雨的年份，周边地区仍有可能被淹没。当地居民组织了社区力量，为即将到来的洪水做准备。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“At one time, Tulare Lake was the largest freshwater lake west of the Mississippi River. But reservoirs (水库) and watering systems for agriculture caused it to disappear.( Tulare Lake曾经是密西西比河以西最大的淡水湖。但是水库和农业灌溉系统导致了它的消失。)”可知，由于水库和农业灌溉系统导致了Tulare Lake的消失，水库的建设以及农业灌溉系统与人类的行为有关。故选D。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据划线词前面的句子“California has had very dry weather in recent years. (加州近年来天气非常干燥。)”以及划线词后面的内容“this year’s winter rains(今年冬天下雨)”可知，由于加利福尼亚近年来天气非常干燥，因此对于今年冬天的雨天是非常欢迎的。故划线词与C选项“Welcomed.(受到热情欢迎的)”为同义词。故选C。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“If the weather gets warmer slowly, the snow will not melt quickly and there may be little or no flooding. But if the weather gets hot quickly, that will bring trouble from too much melting snow.(如果天气慢慢变暖，雪不会很快融化，可能很少或没有洪水。但是，如果天气迅速变热，将带来太多的积雪融化的麻烦。)”可知，如果天气慢慢变暖，很少会有洪水，但是如果天气迅速变热，雪融化会带来更大的麻烦如洪水的爆发。因此加利福尼亚的人们希望天气逐渐变暖。故选B。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“ He said the lake’s size has always changed because of California’s weather. He described the surrounding area this way. “It has been an engineering problem all along,” he said. “This is a bathtub (浴缸) with no way out.”(他说，由于加利福尼亚的天气，湖泊的大小一直在变化。他是这样描述周围地区的。“这一直是一个工程问题，”他说。“这是一个没有排水口的浴缸。”)”可知，在Nicholas Pinter看来，由于受到加利福尼亚的天气影响，湖泊的大小一直在变化，由此可能造成的洪水问题愈发严重，因此这是一个系统性工程问题，就好似一个没有排水口的浴缸一样，由此推断当前很难去处理洪水的问题。故选A。 主题01 人与社会 Passage 1 （24-25高一上·河南九校联盟·期中） Firefighters continued making progress on Sunday against the destructive (破坏性的) mountain fire in Ventura County. The large fire, which has burned more than 20,000 acres and destroyed 134 buildings, was partly controlled as firefighters worked to put out the remaining fire before winds were expected to pick up again on Monday night. “Our community is badly affected and we are working tirelessly alongside firefighters from Ventura County and neighboring areas to bring this fire under control,” said Capt. William Hutton of the Ventura County. Sheriff’s Department. Light winds coming from the ocean and good humidity (潮湿) levels on Sunday helped firefighters in the effort to prevent the fire, which started on Wednesday morning. Officials said they were continuing to track changes in weather as winds were expected to pick up again on Monday night through Tuesday morning. “It’s something that we’re watching closely,” said National Weather Service meteorologist Ryan Walbrun. “The wind speeds right now do not look to be nearly as strong as when the fire started.” More than 130 buildings have been destroyed in the fire, most of which are homes. “We’re doing the best we can, trying to help as much as we can for people who have lost their homes,” said Justin Boyajian with the California Department of Forestry and Fire Protection in Ventura County, A community meeting was scheduled for Sunday night at Ventura County Fire Station 54, where officials would provide the latest information and answer questions. Ventura County Fire Chief Dustin Gardner said he understood that people in the community were feeling bad and in need of more information about what the recovery would look like. He stressed the importance of patience as firefighters were working to control the fire. “We’re continuing to work hard to get things ready for people to come back in,” Gardner said. “And that takes time.” 1. What can we learn about the mountain fire? A. It destroyed many homes. B. It started on Monday morning. C. It was caused by a house fire. D. It took the lives of firefighters. 2. What does the underlined word “something” in paragraph 4 refer to? A. Trees. B. Winds. C. Buildings. D. Temperatures. 3. What did Gardner expect the locals to do? A. Be patient. B. Work hard. C. Save money. D. Keep healthy. 4. What is the text? A. A work schedule. B. A research paper. C. A news report. D. A children’s story. 【答案】1. A 2. B 3. A 4. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了周三早上爆发的山火在文图拉县境内肆虐，影响区域超过2万英亩，摧毁了130多栋建筑。在当地消防员的努力下，火势得以控制。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“The large fire, which has burned more than 20,000 acres and destroyed 134 buildings, was partly controlled as firefighters worked to put out the remaining fire before winds were expected to pick up again on Monday night.(这场大火已经烧毁了超过2万英亩的土地，摧毁了134座建筑，在周一晚上风力预计再次增强之前，消防员努力扑灭了剩余的大火，大火得到了部分控制。)”和第五段中“More than 130 buildings have been destroyed in the fire, most of which are homes.(130多座建筑在火灾中被毁，其中大部分是房屋。)”可知，这次山火烧毁了很多房屋。故选A项。 【2题详解】 词句猜测题。划线词句前文“Officials said they were continuing to track changes in weather as winds were expected to pick up again on Monday night through Tuesday morning.(官员们表示，他们正在继续追踪天气变化，因为预计周一晚上至周二早上风力将再次增强。)”和后文“The wind speeds right now do not look to be nearly as strong as when the fire started.(现在的风速看起来不像火灾开始时那么强。)”说明火势的变化受风力和风速的影响，所以要继续追踪风力的变化，从而推知划线词句“It’s something that we’re watching closely(这是我们正在密切关注的事情)”，其中划线词指代“风”的意思。故选B项。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Ventura County Fire Chief Dustin Gardner said he understood that people in the community were feeling bad and in need of more information about what the recovery would look like. He stressed the importance of patience as firefighters were working to control the fire. “We’re continuing to work hard to get things ready for people to come back in,” Gardner said. “And that takes time.”(文图拉县消防队长Dustin Gardner表示，他理解社区里的人们感觉很糟糕，需要更多关于恢复情况的信息。他强调了耐心的重要性，因为消防员正在努力控制火势。Gardner说：“我们正在继续努力，为人们回来做好准备。”。“这需要时间。”)”可知，Gardner理解当地民众的心情，但灾后重建非一日之功，希望当地民众要有耐心。故选A项。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文，根据第一段“Firefighters continued making progress on Sunday against the destructive (破坏性的) mountain fire in Ventura County. The large fire, which has burned more than 20,000 acres and destroyed 134 buildings, was partly controlled as firefighters worked to put out the remaining fire before winds were expected to pick up again on Monday night.(周日，消防员在文图拉县的破坏性山火中继续取得进展。这场大火烧毁了2万多英亩的土地，摧毁了134栋建筑，在周一晚上风力预计再次增强之前，消防员努力扑灭了剩余的大火，大火得到了部分控制。)”可知，本文是一篇新闻报道。故选C项。 Passage 2 （23-24高一上·河南濮阳一高·期中） Germany’s top court has ruled that parts of the country’s 2019 climate (气候) action law must be changed because they don’t do a good job of protecting young people. The result is a big victory for the nine young people who started the law suing (诉讼). The court suing stresses an important part of the climate change: The change will impact greatly on young people far more than the adults. That’s because the effects of earth warming will become more serious over time. As young people become adults, they’ll be left to deal with many problems that today’s adults have ignored. The government’s failure to plan carefully was putting their future lives in danger. In 2019, Germany passed a new law, promising that the country would be carbon neutral (碳中和) by 2050. The law made a detailed plan of action until 2030. But the law didn’t have any specific rules or plans for climate actions that would be taken between 2031 and 2050. Last Thursday, the judges of Germany’s highest court agreed with the young people. They said that not taking climate action made the basic rights of young people to a good future in danger. The young people had challenged the government’s law in four specific areas. The judges didn’t agree with all of the challenges. But having the court support even a part of their case is seen as a big victory. Neubauer is one of the young people who sued. She works with the climate action group Fridays For Future. Ms. Neubauer said, “Climate protection is our basic right. This is a huge win for the climate movement. It changes a lot.” The court has given the German government until the end of 2022 to fix the law. The climate law will now need to have a much more detailed plan for the actions that will be taken after 2030 to cut Germany’s pollution, allowing it to become carbon neutral by 2050. Germany’s government has said that it will quickly begin working to make the needed changes. 1. Why did the nine young people sue the Germany government? A. They faced a higher rate of losing jobs. B. The government refused their law suing. C. The local court ruled against the climate law. D. They weren’t satisfied with the climate action law. 2. What does paragraph 2 mainly talk about? A. The adults nowadays are put under pressure. B. The climate change will influence the young. C. Earth warming is becoming out of control. D. Humans feel uncertain about the future. 3. What is the government required to do about the climate law? A. Improve the present law. B. Win people’s wide support. C. Take strict punishment measures. D. Achieve carbon neutral in advance. 4. In which section of a newspaper may this text appear? A. Business. B. Health. C. Education. D. Environment. 【答案】1. D 2. B 3. A 4. D 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇新闻报道。主要报道九名年轻人因对政府所制定的解决气候问题的政策不满向德国最高法院起诉，而成功促使政府制定更详尽的计划，以保护年轻人。 【1题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“Germany’s top court has ruled that parts of the country’s 2019 climate (气候) action law must be changed because they don’t do a good job of protecting young people. The result is a big victory for the nine young people who started the law suing (诉讼).（德国最高法院裁定，该国2019年气候行动法的部分内容必须进行修改，因为它们没有很好地保护年轻人。结果是9名开始起诉的年轻人取得了巨大的胜利）”和第三段“The law made a detailed plan of action until 2030. But the law didn’t have any specific rules or plans for climate actions that would be taken between 2031 and 2050.（该法律制定了一个到2030年的详细行动计划。但该法律没有任何具体的规则或计划，以应对2031年至2050年间可能采取的气候行动）”可知，因制定的法律不够完善，九名年轻人起诉获胜后，德国最高法院裁定2019年气候行动法进行修改。由此推知，他们是因为对气候行动法不满意才起诉的。故选D。 【2题详解】 主旨大意题。根据本段的主要内容，尤其第一句“The court suing stresses an important part of the climate change: The change will impact greatly on young people far more than the adults.（法院的诉讼强调了气候变化的一个重要部分:气候变化对年轻人的影响将远远大于成年人） ”可知，本段主要陈述气候变化对年轻人的影响。故选B。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段的“The court has given the German government until the end of 2022 to fix the law.The climate law will now need to have a much more detailed plan for the actions that will be taken after 2030 to cut Germany’s pollution, allowing it to become carbon neutral by 2050. （法院要求德国政府在2022年底之前修改该法律。现在，气候法律需要有一个更详细的计划，以便在2030年后采取行动减少德国的污染，使其在2050年达到碳中和）”可知，德国政府被要求改善现有的气候法。故选A。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段的“Germany’s top court has ruled that parts of the country’s 2019 climate (气候) action law must be changed because they don’t do a good job of protecting young people. （德国最高法院裁定，该国2019年气候行动法的部分内容必须进行修改，因为它们没有很好地保护年轻人） ”和最后一段的“The court has given the German government until the end of 2022 to fix the law.The climate law will now need to have a much more detailed plan for the actions that will be taken after 2030 to cut Germany’s pollution, allowing it to become carbon neutral by 2050. （法院要求德国政府在2022年底之前修改该法律。现在，气候法律需要有一个更详细的计划，以便在2030年后采取行动减少德国的污染，使其在2050年达到碳中和）”可知，本文陈述的内容主要是通过更完善的气候法来减少污染，是与环境相关的话题。由此推知，本文很有可能出现在报纸的“环境”版面。故选D。 Passage 3 （24-25高一上·河南百强联考·期中） In Broward County, Florida, the school district’s cellphone ban has caused strong opposition from both students and parents. Since the beginning of the 2024 school year in August, students in Broward County Public Schools have been banned from using cellphones during school hours, including during lunch and breaks, unless given special permission. This policy has caused widespread debate, especially as experts highlight the impact of social media and screen time on young people’s mental health. Studies have shown a link between social media abuse and increased rates of anxiety and depression among youth. However, a recent survey done by the school district, which included over 70,000 parents, showed that nearly one in five parents believe the cellphone ban is negatively affecting their children’s well-being while one seventh of them think there are no bad effects at all. One of the main concerns voiced by parents and students is the inability to communicate with family members, especially during emergencies. This is a significant worry in a district that is home to Marjory Stoneman Douglas High School, the site of the 2018 mass shooting that claimed 17 lives. School officials have informed parents that students can still use their phones in emergency situations and that teachers have the flexibility to make phone accessible for other reasons as well. Many parents and experts argue that phones are not only essential for staying connected but also serve as valuable tools for accessing online lessons and completing assignments, especially for students who lack school-issued laplops. Broward County’s school officials have acknowledged the challenges of carrying out the policy effectively. Some teachers have found it difficult to monitor students’ phone use, and the policy has raised questions about how to balance the need for phone use with the goal of reducing distractions (分心). Landyn Spellberg, a student advisor to the school board, pointed out that phones can offer significant benefits. He emphasized that the district’s blanket ban is not solving a key issue: teaching students how to use technology in a healthy way. “We need to educate students about the negative effects of technology, not just forbid its use,” he said. 1. What is the policy of cellphone use in Broward County’s schools? A. The students at school can’t use cellphones at will. B. The teachers are responsible for students’ schoolwork. C. The schools ban students from using cellphones at any time. D. The parents are not allowed to buy their children’s cellphones. 2. How many parents think cellphone ban badly influences their kids’ well-being? A. 70,000. B. 50,000. C. 14,000. D. 10,000. 3. What can be concluded from paragraph 3 and paragraph 4? A. Some positive results are spoken highly of by schools. B. Some bad outcomes might happen for cellphone ban. C. Some teachers think it impossible to monitor cellphone use. D. Many parents and experts stress the use of cellphones for contact. 4. What will be probably discussed following the last paragraph? A. The application of cellphone ban to more areas. B. The explanation of negative effects of technology. C. The way to teach students to use cellphones wisely. D. The methods of keeping students away from cellphones. 【答案】1. A 2. C 3. B 4. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了佛罗里达州布劳沃德县学校实施的手机禁令引发了学生和家长的强烈反对，同时介绍了该政策的具体内容、引发的争议以及不同群体的观点和看法。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“Since the beginning of the 2024 school year in August, students in Broward County Public Schools have been banned from using cellphones during school hours, including during lunch and breaks, unless given special permission.(自2024年8月学年开始以来，布劳沃德县公立学校的学生被禁止在上课时间使用手机，包括午餐和休息时间，除非获得特别许可)”可知，布劳沃德县学校的手机使用政策是学生在校期间不能随意使用手机。故选A项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“a recent survey done by the school district, which included over 70,000 parents, showed that nearly one in five parents believe the cellphone ban is negatively affecting their children’s well-being(最近一项由学区进行的、包括7万多名家长在内的调查显示，近五分之一的家长认为手机禁令正在对他们的孩子的福祉产生负面影响)”可知，总共有70,000名家长参与调查，近五分之一的家长认为手机禁令对孩子的福祉产生了负面影响，即70,000乘以五分之一等于14,000。故选C项。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“One of the main concerns voiced by parents and students is the inability to communicate with family members, especially during emergencies.(家长和学生表达的主要担忧之一是无法与家人沟通，尤其是在紧急情况下)”以及第四段“Many parents and experts argue that phones are not only essential for staying connected but also serve as valuable tools for accessing online lessons and completing assignments, especially for students who lack school-issued laptops.(许多家长和专家认为，手机不仅对于保持联系至关重要，而且也是获取在线课程和完成作业的有价值工具，特别是对于缺乏学校发放笔记本电脑的学生来说)”可知，手机禁令可能带来一些不良后果，如无法与家人紧急联系、影响学生获取在线课程和完成作业等。由此推知，从第三段和第四段可以得出手机禁令可能带来一些不良后果的结论。故选B项。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Landyn Spellberg, a student advisor to the school board, pointed out that phones can offer significant benefits. He emphasized that the district’s blanket ban is not solving a key issue: teaching students how to use technology in a healthy way.(学校董事会的学生顾问兰丁·斯佩尔伯格指出，手机可以提供很大的好处。他强调，学区的全面禁令并没有解决一个关键问题：教育学生如何以健康的方式使用技术)”可知，文章最后提到了学校应该教育学生如何健康地使用手机，而不是简单地禁止其使用。由此推知，接下来可能会讨论如何教学生明智地使用手机的方法。故选C项。 Passage 4 （24-25高一上·河南巩义·期中） Chinese astronauts Ye Guangfu, Li Cong, and Li Guangsu will carry out the Shenzhou-18 crewed spaceflight mission, and Ye will be the commander, the China Manned Space Agency announced at a press conference. The Shenzhou-18 crewed spaceship will be launched at 8:59 p.\m from the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center in northwest China. After entering orbit, the Shenzhou-18 spaceship will perform a fast automated rendezvous (会面) and docking with the radial (辐射状的) port of the space station core module Tianhe, which will take about 6.5 hours, forming a combination of three modules and three spacecraft. This will be the second space flight mission for Ye Guangfu who was a crew member of the Shenzhou-13 mission from October 2021 to April 2022. Li Cong and Li Guangsu, among the third batch of Chinese astronauts, are both newcomers to space. “Returning to space feel like a fresh start. My two crew members and I, as well as the entire space mission team, are fully prepared,” Ye told journalists ahead of the launch, and they will successfully complete this space flight mission. All three Shenzhou-18 astronauts are from the post-1980s generation. At the press conference, they said they would take good care of the Tiangong space station and make more achievements in the space laboratory. The crew will use the scientific experiment Cabinets and extravehicular payloads to carry out more than 90 experiments in the fields of basic physics in microgravity, space material science, space life science, space medicine, and space technology. The country’s first in-orbit aquatic ecological research project will also be implemented (执行) during the mission. Using zebrafish and goldfish algae (水藻) to establish a self-cycling aquatic ecosystem in orbit, the project aims to make to a breakthrough in the cultivation of vertebrates in space. 1. Which of the following statement is NOT true? A. Three astronauts will will carry out the mission. B. Finally six parts will join together. C. All crew members are newcomers. D. Many experiments will be conducted in space. 2. Judging from what he said, which word can best describe Ye? A. outgoing B. determined C. confident D. organized 3. What are listed in the last two paragraphs? A. tasks ahead B. possible difficulties C. dangerous risks D. expectations 4. What is the style of the passage? A. novel B. news report C. advertisement D. legendary story 【答案】1. C 2. C 3. A 4. B 【解析】 【导语】本文为一篇新闻报道，报道了叶光富、李聪和李光苏将执行神舟18号载人航天任务。 1题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第三段“This will be the second space flight mission for Ye Guangfu who was a crew member of the Shenzhou-13 mission from October 2021 to April 2022.(这将是叶光富在2021年10月至2022年4月期间的第二次太空飞行任务，他是神舟十三号任务的一名组员)”可知，这是叶光富的第二次飞行，因此，并不是所有的航天员都是第一次执行任务。故选C。 【2题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第四段““Returning to space feel like a fresh start. My two crew members and I, as well as the entire space mission team, are fully prepared,” Ye told journalists ahead of the launch, and they will successfully complete this space flight mission.(“回到太空就像一个新的开始。我和我的两名机组成员，以及整个航天任务团队都做好了充分的准备，”叶在发射前告诉记者，他们将成功完成这次太空飞行任务)”可知，叶光富对于这次任务充满自信，因此他是自信的。故选C。 【3题详解】 主旨大意题。根据倒数第二段“The crew will use the scientific experiment Cabinets and extravehicular payloads to carry out more than 90 experiments in the fields of basic physics in microgravity, space material science, space life science, space medicine, and space technology.(航天员将利用科学实验箱和舱外有效载荷，在微重力基础物理、空间材料科学、空间生命科学、空间医学、空间技术等领域开展90多项实验)”和最后一段“The country’s first in-orbit aquatic ecological research project will also be implemented(执行) during the mission.(我国首个在轨水生生态研究项目也将在任务期间实施)”可知，最后两段介绍了未来的工作任务。故选A。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Chinese astronauts Ye Guangfu, Li Cong, and Li Guangsu will carry out the Shenzhou-18 crewed spaceflight mission, and Ye will be the commander, the China Manned Space Agency announced at a press conference.(中国载人航天总局在新闻发布会上宣布，中国航天员叶光富、李聪和李光苏将执行神舟18号载人航天任务，叶光富将担任航天员指挥员)”和第四段““Returning to space feel like a fresh start. My two crew members and I, as well as the entire space mission team, are fully prepared,” Ye told journalists ahead of the launch, and they will successfully complete this space flight mission.(“回到太空就像一个新的开始。我和我的两名机组成员，以及整个航天任务团队都做好了充分的准备，”叶在发射前告诉记者，他们将成功完成这次太空飞行任务)”及全文内容可知，本文报道了叶光富、李聪和李光苏将执行神舟18号载人航天任务，为一篇新闻报道。故选B。 Passage 5 （24-25高一上·河南驻马店·期中） For decades, the smart home has been an important part in pop culture, from Disney’s 1999 film “Smart House”, in which an artificially intelligent home takes on the personality of a masterful mother, to the old-fashioned high-tech home of “The Jetsons”. The 1960s cartoon offered a view of domestic life a century later, from a bathroom that brushes your hair and cleans your teeth, to the ever-attentive and overworked Rosie, the robot servant. But all of these innovations could come at a cost: our privacy. And in the current situation, it’s a price consumers may be unwilling to pay. “With the rejections of Big Tech that we’ve seen over the past few years, I think consumers… have a higher level of interest in privacy and ethics (道德原则) now than ever,” said Sarah Housley, an executive at trend forecasting company WGSN. These fears didn’t come from nowhere. Massive leakages (泄露) from major websites have put the data (数据) of hundreds of millions of people in danger in the past few years, and the comprehensive data that smart home technology depends on will include far more than our addresses and credit card numbers. The digital assistant that will be able to identify when you’ll be most focused on a Spanish lesson will have the type of information that could be used to influence and even control you. Housley also says technology meant to “connect people also has the potential” to exacerbate inequalities. She points out racial profiling (种族定性) has appeared on some neighborhood social networking apps like Nextdoor. The app has been criticized for allowing users to report people they see in their neighborhood as “mistrustful” based only on their race. “Technology has already made racism worse, and we must fix this to stop consumers from feeling prejudiced…” Housley said. There are still more questions left for us. Facing more interactive and responsive technology, are we ready for our smart home devices to become truly “smart”? And with everything being watched, can we still have the choice to be unconnected? 1. How does the author introduce the topic of the passage? A. By doing a survey. B. By offering some data. C. By explaining a rule. D. By giving some examples. 2. What can we learn from paragraph 3? A. Major websites generally have difficulty storing massive data. B. People are concerned about what Big Tech can do with the data. C. The smart home technology acquires much of our personal data. D. The digital assistant can help people learn Spanish more easily. 3. What does the underlined word “exacerbate” mean in paragraph 4? A. To make something worse. B. To make something appear. C. To make something disappear. D. To make something effective. 4. What’s the author’s attitude towards smart home? A. Optimistic. B. Doubtful. C. Unclear. D. Disappointed. 【答案】1. D 2. C 3. A 4. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要探讨了智能家居技术潜在的隐私和伦理问题，指出消费者对隐私的关注日益增加，同时提出了智能家居技术可能加剧社会不平等的担忧。 【1题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“For decades, the smart home has been an important part in pop culture, from Disney’s 1999 film “Smart House”, in which an artificially intelligent home takes on the personality of a masterful mother, to the old-fashioned high-tech home of “The Jetsons”. The 1960s cartoon offered a view of domestic life a century later, from a bathroom that brushes your hair and cleans your teeth, to the ever-attentive and overworked Rosie, the robot servant. (几十年来，智能家居一直是流行文化的重要组成部分，从迪斯尼1999年的电影《智能之家》到《杰森一家》中老式的高科技家居。在《智能之家》中，人工智能家居扮演了一位专横的母亲的角色。这部20世纪60年代的卡通片展现了一个世纪后的家庭生活，从为你梳头刷牙的浴室，到时刻关注你、工作过度的机器人仆人Rosie。)”可推知，作者通过提供流行文化中的例子来介绍这个话题。故选D项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“and the comprehensive data that smart home technology depends on will include far more than our addresses and credit card numbers. The digital assistant that will be able to identify when you’ll be most focused on a Spanish lesson will have the type of information that could be used to influence and even control you. (智能家居技术所依赖综合数据将远远超过我们的地址和信用卡号码。数字助理能够识别出你什么时候最专注于西班牙语课，它的信息类型可以用来影响甚至控制你。)”可知，智能家居技术会获取我们大量的个人数据。故选C项。 【3题详解】 词句猜测题。根据画线词的下文“She points out racial profiling (种族定性) has appeared on some neighborhood social networking apps like Nextdoor. The app has been criticized for allowing users to report people they see in their neighborhood as “mistrustful” based only on their race. (她指出，种族定性已经出现在一些社区社交网络应用程序上，比如Nextdoor。该应用程序因允许用户仅根据种族就举报他们在社区中认为“不信任”的人而受到批评。)”可知，一些应用程序上出现了种族定性，仅根据种族就给别人的行为或品质定性，由此可知，技术加剧了现有的不平等，画线词意思应该是“使恶化，使加剧”。故选A项。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是最后一段“There are still more questions left for us. Facing more interactive and responsive technology, are we ready for our smart home devices to become truly “smart”? And with everything being watched, can we still have the choice to be unconnected? (还有更多的问题留给我们。面对更具互动性和响应性的技术，我们是否准备好让我们的智能家居设备变得真正“智能”？在一切都被监视的情况下，我们还能选择不与外界联系吗。)”可知，作者对智能家居技术的潜在缺点提出了几个担忧，包括隐私问题和伦理问题，且在结尾提出了更令人深思的问题。这表明作者对智能家居持怀疑态度。故选B项。 主题02 人与自我 Passage 1 （24-25高一上·河南创新联盟·期中） China’s rising tennis star, Zheng Qinwen, showed her fighting spirit at the 2024 WTA Finals with a hard-fought 7 — 6(4), 3 — 6, 6 — 1 win over Elena Rybakina in Riyadh on Monday. As a last-minute qualifier (合格者) to the Finals, the new Olympic champion proved why she’s one of the toughest players in women’s tennis. The 22-year-old’s win over Rybakina was her 20th three-set victory this season. The match lasted nearly two hours and thirty minutes at the King Saud University Indoor Arena, where Zheng showed remarkable mental strength throughout. During the match, Chinese fans turned the Arena into almost a home court, with red Chinese flags waving during breaks and supporters crying “Queen Wen! Come on!” Though Zheng briefly lost her temper (脾气) with noisy fans, she later apologized and explained how releasing (释放) her nervousness actually helped improve her game. By winning this match, Zheng climbed to a career-high world ranking of No. 6. She also leads the WTA Tour with 420 scores this year, becoming the first Chinese player to achieve 50 Tour-level wins in one season. Despite losing her opening match to world No. 1 Aryna Sabalenka, Zheng still has a chance to reach the semifinals. It’s been a surprising year for Zheng, starting with her first Grand Slam (大满贯) final at the Australian Open and winning gold at the Paris Olympics. She continued her success during the Asian tournaments, reaching the semifinals in Beijing, finals in Wuhan, and winning the title in Tokyo. “It’s far away for me to think about 2025, but I guess I just keep going and don’t get relaxed,” Zheng said of her thoughts on the next season. “Once you relax, it’s easy to drop. So I know how significant it is to keep mentally strong and focused. ” 1. What does the underlined word “remarkable” in paragraph 2 mean? A. Brave. B. Usual. C. Amazing. D. Actual. 2. How did Zheng’s fans affect her at first? A. She felt more nervous. B. She had strength to play. C. She waved the flag. D. She won Aryna Sabalenka. 3. What is paragraph 4 mainly about? A. Zheng’s popularity. B. Zheng’s personality. C. Zheng’s tennis skills. D. Zheng’s achievements. 4. What does Zheng stress in the last paragraph? A. The plans for the next season. B. The importance of staying focused. C. The reasons for relaxing. D. The benefits of keeping playing. 【答案】1. C 2. A 3. D 4. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了中国网球新星郑钦文在2024年女子网球协会总决赛中的出色表现和其取得的重要成就。 【1题详解】 词句猜测题。根据画线词上文“The 22-year-old’s win over Rybakina was her 20th three-set victory this season.(22岁的郑钦文战胜了雷巴基娜，这是她本赛季的第20场三局胜利)”以及“The match lasted nearly two hours and thirty minutes at the King Saud University Indoor Arena, where Zheng showed(这场比赛在沙特国王大学室内体育馆进行了近2小时30分钟，郑在比赛中表现出……)”和后文“mental strength(精神力量)”可推断，22岁的郑钦文进行了2小时30分钟的比赛，最终获胜，表现出了惊人的精神力量。故画线词意思是“惊人的”。故选C。 【2题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“Though Zheng briefly lost her temper (脾气) with noisy fans, she later apologized and explained how releasing (释放) her nervousness actually helped improve her game.(虽然郑在吵闹的球迷面前短暂地发脾气，但她后来道歉并解释了释放紧张情绪实际上如何帮助提高了她的比赛水平)”可推断，起初球迷们在赛场呼喊郑钦文的名字使其紧张倍增。故选A。 【3题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第四段“It’s been a surprising year for Zheng, starting with her first Grand Slam (大满贯) final at the Australian Open and winning gold at the Paris Olympics. She continued her success during the Asian tournaments, reaching the semifinals in Beijing, finals in Wuhan, and winning the title in Tokyo.(对于郑来说，这是令人惊讶的一年，从她在澳大利亚网球公开赛的第一个大满贯决赛开始到在巴黎奥运会上获得金牌。她在亚洲锦标赛中继续取得成功，在北京进入半决赛，在武汉进入决赛，并在东京赢得冠军)”可知，第四段主要讲述的是郑钦文所取得的成就。故选D。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段““It’s far away for me to think about 2025, but I guess I just keep going and don’t get relaxed,” Zheng said of her thoughts on the next season. “Once you relax, it’s easy to drop. So I know how significant it is to keep mentally strong and focused. ”(“2025年对我来说还很遥远，但我想我会继续前进，不要放松，”郑说到她对下一赛季的想法。“一旦你放松下来，就很容易摔倒。所以我知道保持精神强大和专注是多么重要。”)” 可推断，郑钦文在最后一段强调了保持专注的重要性。故选B。 Passage 2 （24-25高一上·河南信阳二高·期中） In his 1939 essay Selfishness and Self-Lone, Erich Fromm, a world-famous psychologist declared that “modern culture teaches that to be selfish is evil and that to love others is virtuous.” In his essay, Fromm argues that such a teaching could make people feel guilty to show themselves healthy self-love, which he defines as the respect for one’s own happiness, growth, and freedom. Fromm argues that selfishness, an interest only in oneself, is actually the opposite of self-love, which means the ability to give with pleasure and also to respect the needs of others. To Fromm, love is an attitude whether it is directed outward or inward. In contrast, Fromm argued that selfishness is a kind of greediness “which exhausts the person in an endless effort to satisfy his own needs without ever reaching satisfaction”. Inspired by Fromm’s essay, Abraham Maslow wrote an essay in which he distinguished “healthy selfishness” from unhealthy selfishness. Maslow argued that “we must not assume that selfish or unselfish behavior is either good or bad. It may be true that at certain times, selfish behavior is good, but at other times, it is bad. It is also the case concerning unselfish behavior.” Maslow goes on to state that what appears to be unselfish behavior may come out of selfish motivations. Maslow stressed that it is sometimes necessary to teach people at certain times to engage in a “healthfully selfish manner”—to have a healthy respect for one’s self coming out of inner riches. A recent analysis of literature found that people who care about the welfare of others experience greater relationship well-being. However, such relationship well-being is maximized when people are not neglecting themselves in their care for others. Therefore, although the benefits of caring about others’ welfare have been well-documented, the role of healthy selfishness in contributing to relationship well-being may have been ignored. 1. To Fromm, modern culture teaches that people should . A. feel ashamed to be selfish B. be punished if they’re selfish C. be forbidden to talk about selfishness D. feel guilty if they don’t love themselves 2. How is Paragraph 2 mainly developed? A. By listing figures. B. By analyzing causes. C. By providing examples. D. By comparing definitions. 3. Which of the following statements may Maslow agree with? A. Selfish behavior is bad all the time. B. Unselfish behavior should be valued more. C. Rich people have a healthy respect for one’s self. D. Selfish motivations may lead to unselfish behavior. 4. What can we conclude from the last paragraph? A. Our welfare is only based on our care for others. B. People should care about themselves more than others. C. People who care about others don’t care about themselves. D. Healthy selfishness can contribute to our relationship well-being. 【答案】1. A 2. D 3. D 4. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了健康的自私和不健康的自私。而最近一项对文献的分析发现：健康的自私有助于我们的关系健康。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“modern culture teaches that to be selfish is evil and that to love others is virtuous.(现代文化教导我们，自私是邪恶的，爱他人是美德。)”可知，弗洛姆认为，现代文化教导人们应该为自私感到羞耻。故选A。 【2题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“Fromm argues that selfishness, an interest only in oneself, is actually the opposite of self-love, which means the ability to give with pleasure and also to respect the needs of others.(弗洛姆认为，自私，一种只对自己有兴趣的东西，实际上是自爱的对立面，自爱是指愉快地给予的能力，同时也尊重他人的需要。)”可推断，第二段的主要通过比较定义来表达观点。故选D。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“Maslow goes on to state that what appears to be unselfish behavior may come out of selfish motivations.(马斯洛继续指出，看似无私的行为可能是出于自私的动机。)”可知，马斯洛认为自私的动机可能导致无私的行为。故选D。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Therefore, although the benefits of caring about others’ welfare have been well-documented, the role of healthy selfishness in contributing to relationship well-being may have been ignored.(因此，尽管关心他人福祉的好处已经被充分证明，但健康的自私在促进关系健康中的作用可能被忽视了。)”可推断，健康的自私有助于我们的关系健康。故选D。 Passage 3 （24-25高一上·河南信阳二高·期中） If you use social media to chase away loneliness, a new study suggests that you’re going against the grain. We may have heard a lot about the benefits of interacting with others online, but the findings of a study conducted by scientists from the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine show a direct relationship between social media usage and feelings of isolation (孤独). In short, the more time you spend on social media, the lonelier you may feel. With increasing usage of a large number of apps that allow for endless virtual connectivity, loneliness seems like the last problem social media users would face, but according to Brain A. Primack, the leader of the study, it has the exact opposite effect. “Mental health problems and social isolation are widespread among young adults nowadays,” Primack said. “We are naturally social creatures, but modern life tends to separate us instead of bringing us together. While it may seem that social media provide opportunities to fill the social void (空白), I think this study suggests that it may not be the solution people were hoping for.” Primack and his team examined the social media habits of 1,787 U.S. adults aged between 19 and 32 via a questionnaire that asked about the usage frequency and the time they spent on the most popular social media platforms. Eventually, they determined that young adults who are constantly logging in social media are lonelier than those with less social media usage. Frequent exposure to unrealistic descriptions on social media instead of face-to-face social interactions may give people the impression that others are living more happily, and this may make users feel more isolated in comparison. 1. What does the underlined phrase “going against the grain” in Paragraph 1 mean? A. Doing it all wrong. B. On the way to success. C. Taking a risk. D. Making a difference. 2. What can we learn from the study? A. You will feel happier if you spend more time online. B. Online interaction is not the solution to social isolation. C. Virtual connectivity is the best way to fill the social void. D. Popular social media platforms can bring people together. 3. How did Primack and his team conduct the study? A. By providing explanations. B. By collecting data online. C. By doing a survey. D. By describing their own experiences. 4. What does the text mainly tell us? A. New research on social media usage has been published. B. Face-to-face social interactions are on the way out. C. Social media do users more harm than good. D. Social media might make loneliness worse. 【答案】1. A 2. B 3. C 4. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文，文章讨论了社交媒体使用与孤独感之间的关系，特别是一项新研究如何揭示频繁使用社交媒体可能导致孤独感增加。 【1题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第二段“We may have heard a lot about the benefits of interacting with others online, but the findings of a study conducted by scientists from the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine show a direct relationship between social media usage and feelings of isolation (我们可能已经听说过很多关于在线与他人互动的好处，但是匹兹堡大学医学院的科学家们进行的一项研究显示，社交媒体使用与孤独感之间存在直接关系。)”可知，使用社交媒体来消除孤独，但研究表明这可能适得其反，所以说使用社交媒体来驱散孤独感是错的。故选A项。 【2题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“In short, the more time you spend on social media, the lonelier you may feel. (简而言之，你在社交媒体上花费的时间越多，你可能会感到越孤独。)”可知，研究结果表明社交媒体使用与孤独感之间存在直接关系，即在社交媒体上花费的时间越多，人们可能会感到越孤独。这表明在线互动并不是解决社交隔离问题的方法。故选B项。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段“Primack and his team examined the social media habits of 1,787 U. S. adults aged between 19 and 32 via a questionnaire that asked about the usage frequency and the time they spent on the most popular social media platforms. (Primack和他的团队通过问卷调查的方式，检查了1787名年龄在19到32岁之间的美国成年人的社交媒体习惯，问卷询问了他们使用最受欢迎的社交媒体平台的频率和时间。)”可知，Primack和他的团队通过问卷调查的方式来研究社交媒体习惯。故选C项。 【4题详解】 主旨大意题。根据最后一句“Frequent exposure to unrealistic descriptions on social media instead of face-to-face social interactions may give people the impression that others are living more happily, and this may make users feel more isolated in comparison. (频繁接触社交媒体上不切实际的描述，而不是面对面的社交互动，可能会让人们觉得其他人过得更快乐，这可能会使用户相比之下感到更加孤立。)”及全文可知，整篇文章主要讲述了社交媒体可能会加剧孤独感的研究结果。故选D项。 主题03 人与自然 Passage 1 （24-25高一上·河南名校大联考·期中） A small Greek island, Tilos, got the title of a national park and can now make enough energy for itself. Now it has become the world’s first zero-waste island. The island no longer has any rubbish bins (垃圾箱) and the place where they used to put rubbish (the landfill site) is closed completely. In their place is the Center for Creative Upcycling, where things can either be repaired, reused, or be turned into art supplies or building materials. They began by setting up an information center so people could learn about how to sort (分类) their waste into three kinds: recyclable (可回收的) materials (paper, plastic, and glass); organic waste (food, fruit, stones and bones); and non-recyclable materials (soiled paper and personal things). Each family was then given its own zero-waste equipment, including boxes for recyclable and non-recyclable waste, a bag for organic waste, and a box for cigarette ends. A smartphone app watched real-time information to show how much had been recycled. Waste management and recycling measures have been improved, leading to a reduction in plastic and other non-biodegradable (不可生物降解的) waste. This has not only made the island beautiful but also protected its environment and ocean life. As a protected national park, the 63km² island is an important site for falcons, long-legged buzzards and a number of migratory birds that use Tilos as a stopover between Africa and Europe. Any visitors to the island have to take part in the schedule as well. Hotels have special equipment for separating rubbish and tourists can pick up cloth bags for shopping from the Zero Point Information Center. “In the beginning, it was fun but cost time and energy,” says Fotaras, one of 745 residents (居民). “But we all helped each other until we could do it well. I was amazed how old people welcomed the idea of no rubbish like the good old days— and that gave me hope and courage to do it.” 1. What makes Tilos special according to the text? A. It has smart rubbish bins. B. It is the smallest island in the world. C. It has the best energy production system. D. It is the world’s first zero-waste island. 2. What can residents learn from the information center? A. Their duty to collect waste. B. Methods of grouping their waste. C. Information on smartphone apps. D. Ways to make zero-waste equipment. 3. What is the benefit of improving waste management on Tilos? A. It has increased the number of tourists. B. It has made the residents’ lives easier. C. It has beautified the island and protected its nature. D. It has cut the cost in running hotels on the island. 4. What may be the residents’ attitude towards the waste management now? A. Supportive. B. Uncaring. C. Doubtful. D. Unclear. 【答案】1. D 2. B 3. C 4. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。本文主要介绍了希腊的一个小岛经历了一场绿色革命，通过垃圾管理和分类让小岛更加美丽，保护了小岛的自然环境。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段内容“A small Greek island, Tilos, got the title of a national park and can now make enough energy for itself. Now it has become the world’s first zero-waste island. (希腊的一个小岛Tilos获得了国家公园的称号，现在可以为自己生产足够的能源。现在，它已成为世界上第一个零垃圾岛。)”可知，Tilos成为世界上第一个零垃圾岛，由此可知，Tilos的特别之处在于它是世界上第一个零垃圾岛。故选D项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段关键句“They began by setting up an information center so people could learn about how to sort (分类) their waste into three kinds: recyclable (可回收的) materials (paper, plastic, and glass); organic waste (food, fruit, stones and bones); and non-recyclable materials (soiled paper and personal things). (他们首先建立了一个信息中心，这样人们就可以学习如何将垃圾分为三类：可回收的材料（纸张、塑料和玻璃）；有机垃圾（食物、水果、石头和骨头）；以及不可回收材料（脏纸和个人物品）。)”可知，人们就可以从信息中心学习如何将垃圾分为三类，由此可知，居民可以从信息中心学到对垃圾进行分类的方法。故选B项。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段关键句“Waste management and recycling measures have been improved, leading to a reduction in plastic and other non-biodegradable (不可生物降解的) waste. This has not only made the island beautiful but also protected its environment and ocean life. (废物管理和回收措施得到了改善，从而减少了塑料和其他不可生物降解的垃圾。这不仅使该岛变得美丽，而且保护了其环境和海洋生物。)”可知，改善Tilos的垃圾管理不仅使该岛变得美丽，而且保护了其环境和海洋生物，由此可知，改善Tilos的垃圾管理美化了这个岛，保护了它的自然。故选C项。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段内容““In the beginning, it was fun but cost time and energy,” says Fotaras, one of 745 residents (居民). “But we all helped each other until we could do it well. I was amazed how old people welcomed the idea of no rubbish like the good old days— and that gave me hope and courage to do it.”(745名居民中的Fotaras说：“起初，这很有趣，但需要花费时间和精力。”“但我们都互相帮助，直到我们能做得很好。我很惊讶老年人多么欢迎没有垃圾的想法，就像过去的好日子一样——这给了我希望和勇气去做。”)”可知，垃圾管理受到居民的欢迎，让居民觉得很有趣，由此可知，现在居民对垃圾管理的态度可能是支持的。故选A项。 Passage 2 （24-25高一上·河南邓州·期中） It is not just the environment and the economy that are threatened by a warmer climate, but also culture and traditions around the world. Researchers at Lund University in Sweden have mapped what little is known about how climate change is gradually destroying local knowledge and cultural heritage. “We risk losing the memory of native people’s ways of life without this type of documentation,” says Guy Jackson at Lund University, one of the authors of a literature study. One conclusion of the study is that cultural heritage is primarily seen as something of material value, such as a historic building, and the loss is seen as a potential future problem, even though there is evidence that it is already happening. Focusing on material losses means that important traditions and knowledge systems are overlooked. “There are also many non-material losses that are valuable for both individual identity and group identity,” says Guy Jackson. The study shows a clear connection between loss of native cultural heritage and changes in the natural environment. For example, songs and working methods change when groups lose traditions linked to a physical location. One scientific article points out that identity is closely linked to the environment, “ Inuit people (因纽特人) in Canada are people of sea ice. If there is no. more sea ice, how can they be people of sea ice?” Loss of traditions and cultural heritage can make it more difficult to deal with climate change, and weaken social togetherness, as people lose touch with traditional ways of life. It also raises the question whether we can expect native people to protect and preserve rainforests and other ecosystems. The researchers hope that the literature study can read to more targeted research. They want to see a larger focus on how to handle, minimize and tackle future losses. “Science should contribute by developing practical solutions and strategies that help with adaptation to the losses that have already happened,” Guy Jackson concludes. 1. What can we learn from the first two paragraphs? A. Climate change causes cultural loss. B. The economy affects the environment. C. Cultural loss is a current problem. D. The native people are being forgotten. 2. What does the study show about the loss of native cultural heritage? A. It is seriously overestimated by scientists. B. It has brought great damage to Canadians. C. It has transformed global working methods. D. It is closely related to environmental changes. 3. What is paragraph 5 mainly about concerning the loss of traditions and cultural heritage? A. Its natural origins. B. Its negative results. C. Its potential reasons. D. Its effective solutions. 4. What is the main idea of the text? A. The unknown threats to the local knowledge. B. The practical solutions to some cultural issues. C. The climate change’s effect on culture and traditions. D. The various losses of important culture and traditions. 【答案】1. A 2. D 3. B 4. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章论述了气候变化对文化和传统的影响。有研究表明，随着气候变暖，当地人生活方式的记忆正在逐渐丧失，但这种丧失往往被忽视。文化和传统的丧失可能导致应对气候变化更困难，社会向心力被削弱。研究人员呼吁寻找可行的解决方案和策略来应对这一问题。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“It is not just the environment and the economy that are threatened by a warmer climate, but also culture and traditions around the world. Researchers at Lund University in Sweden have mapped what little is known about how climate change is gradually destroying local knowledge and cultural heritage.(受到气候变暖威胁的不仅是环境和经济，还有世界各地的文化和传统。瑞典隆德大学的研究人员绘制了关于气候变化如何逐渐破坏当地知识和文化遗产的地图)”以及第二段““We risk losing the memory of native people’s ways of life without this type of documentation,” says Guy Jackson at Lund University, one of the authors of a literature study. One conclusion of the study is that cultural heritage is primarily seen as something of material value, such as a historic building, and the loss is seen as a potential future problem, even though there is evidence that it is already happening.(隆德大学的盖伊·杰克逊是一项文献研究的作者之一，他说:“如果没有这种类型的文献，我们可能会失去对土著人生活方式的记忆。”该研究的一个结论是，文化遗产主要被视为具有物质价值的东西，比如历史建筑，而损失被视为未来的潜在问题，尽管有证据表明这种情况已经发生了)”可知，瑞典隆德大学的一项文献研究表明，气候变化会导致文化的丧失。故选A。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“The study shows a clear connection between loss of native cultural heritage and changes in the natural environment.(这项研究表明，本土文化遗产的丧失与自然环境的变化之间存在着明确的联系)”可知，本土文化遗产的丧失与自然环境的变化有着明显的联系。故选D。 【3题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第五段“Loss of traditions and cultural heritage can make it more difficult to deal with climate change, and weaken social togetherness, as people lose touch with traditional ways of life. It also raises the question whether we can expect native people to protect and preserve rainforests and other ecosystems.(传统和文化遗产的丧失可能使应对气候变化变得更加困难，并削弱社会团结，因为人们失去了与传统生活方式的联系。这也提出了一个问题，我们是否能指望当地人保护和保存雨林和其他生态系统)”可知，本段主要讲述文化遗产和传统丧失的后果，即负面影响。故选B。 【4题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第一段“It is not just the environment and the economy that are threatened by a warmer climate, but also culture and traditions around the world. Researchers at Lund University in Sweden have mapped what little is known about how climate change is gradually destroying local knowledge and cultural heritage.(受到气候变暖威胁的不仅是环境和经济，还有世界各地的文化和传统。瑞典隆德大学的研究人员绘制了关于气候变化如何逐渐破坏当地知识和文化遗产的地图)”结合本文主要论述了气候变化对文化和传统的影响。气候变化不仅威胁到环境和经济，还威胁到了世界各地的文化和传统，而本土文化遗产的丧失与自然环境的变化有着明显的联系。即这篇文章的主旨是气候变化对文化和传统的影响。故选C。 / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $