专题06 语言知识 （完形填空）（期中真题分类汇编，河南专用）高一英语上学期

专题06 语言知识 完形填空 主题01 人与社会 Passage 1 （24-25高一上·河南南阳六校·期中） Today, I had an experience that I would never forget. I went to the gas station to fill up my car, but when I tried to pay with my phone, I found it was 1 . I got really worried because I didn’t have any cash(现金) or cards, just empty pockets. The gas station worker 2 me and gave me a 3 , saying, “Find your phone first. Don’t worry, and you can 4 . later.” Feeling a bit better, I started looking for my phone. 5 , I was told that a man found it and 6 to give it back. He asked me to meet him at a nearby store. But how could I 7 him without a phone? That was when two people walking by saw my 8 . They were really kind and lent me their phone so I could get in touch with the man. 9 , I met the person who found my phone, and got my phone back 10 . It was such a relief! I was so 11 to the gas station worker and the two 12 who lent me their phone. They didn’t know me, but they still 13 . It showed me that even when things get really hard, people can still be 14 . Sometimes, it’s such small things that 15 the best in people and remind us that anyone can be good. 1. A. broken B. gone C. busy D. dead 2. A. challenged B. served C. remembered D. noticed 3. A. warning B. chance C. smile D. task 4. A. check B. answer C. leave D. pay 5. A. Still B. Instead C. Fortunately D. Naturally 6. A. forgot B. offered C. regretted D. refused 7. A. contact B. interview C. remind D. attract 8. A. target B. failure C. mistake D. trouble 9. A. From then on B. In the end C. At first D. As usual 10. A. successfully B. bravely C. hurriedly D. suddenly 11. A. fair B. nice C. polite D. thankful 12. A. friends B. neighbors C. strangers D. workers 13. A. helped B. mattered C. agreed D. understood 14. A. humble B. kind C. flexible D. responsible 15. A. turn down B. look for C. bring out D. depend on Passage 2 （24-25高一上·河南商开联考·期中） It was a cold night in December last year. I was having a sound 1 , during which I was woken up all of a sudden by loud cries of “Fire! Fire!”. I got up at once and 2 to the window. There I saw people 3 out of my neighbour Mr. Manandhar’s house. His double-storeyed house was on fire. Without thinking twice, I called the fire service, and ran downstairs to 4 . As I ran near, I found the 5 rising high in the sky and a large number of people had gathered there. I joined them in throwing dust (沙土) and pouring (倾倒) water over the 6 . However, it was 7 , because the wind was strong. The 8 arrived a little late because of the distance (距离) from the fire station. But they did a good job in bringing the fire under 9 . About an hour later, the fire was 10 completely. Luckily, no one was 11 . The way the firefighters performed their duties 12 me very much. They not only 13 the house from being destroyed but also prevented neighboring houses from catching fire. I had never had such a(n) 15 experience in my life. I was proud that I stepped out 16 and made a difference in doing something meaningful. 1. A. walk B. party C. sleep D. try 2. A. returned B. climbed C. waved D. rushed 3. A. looking B. running C. growing D. making 4. A. help B. talk C. listen D. play 5. A. plane B. sun C. bird D. smoke 6. A. cars B. flowers C. fire D. ground 7. A. useless B. boring C. careless D. crazy 8. A. policemen B. firefighters C. farmers D. doctors 9. A. repair B. cover C. control D. review 10. A. picked out B. put out C. noted down D. given away 11. A. hurt B. punished C. told D. followed 12. A. discouraged B. impressed C. worried D. changed 13. A. kept B. built C. sold D. painted 14. A. working B. funny C. learning D. frightening 15. A. patiently B. slowly C. bravely D. secretly Passage 3 （24-25高一上·河南罗山·期中） When I was young, my parents ran a snack bar (小吃店) in our small town. One evening in early April, my mother told me to fill in at the snack bar for a worker who had the flu. I told her I would mess it up, because I had never worked at the bar before. I 1 that instead of making money, I would end up owing it. “You can do it,” said my mother, “ 2 , you won’t get much business until lunch.” “But I’ll never remember the orders, and I’m no good with money. Please, Mom, don’t 3 me.” “Then I’ll help you”, she said. I shrugged my shoulders. I thought my mother’s 4 was a bad one, but I 5 . When I got to the bar the next day, I found my mother was 6 . Because the weather that day was rainy and cold, people wanted hot snacks and drinks. At first, I was really slow at taking the orders and making change (零钱). The line of people grew, and everybody seemed 7 . I was so nervous that my hands shook, and I 8 a cup into pieces. What a mess! Then my mother came to 9 me, and she also showed me how to make 10 . Things went more 11 after that. By the end of the day, I could remember orders, 12 the bill, and make change quickly with a smile. I was even a little 13 when the sun came out and dried up business. My mother said she was proud of me, and when she 14 that I work at the snack bar again next year, I did not even shrug. I was too busy 15 the restaurant I would open one day. 1. A. promised B. noticed C. feared D. hoped 2. A. Therefore B. Besides C. However D. Yet 3. A. blame B. fool C. frighten D. make 4. A. idea B. bar C. day D. answer 5. A. guessed B. obeyed C. begged D. admitted 6. A. angry B. sad C. worried D. ashamed 7. A. impatient B. impolite C. pleased D. surprised 8. A. damaged B. destroyed C. broke D. ruined 9. A. scold B. help C. beat D. save 10. A. money B. lunch C. coffee D. change 11. A. smoothly B. fairly C. simply D. conveniently 12. A. turn in B. count out C. take over D. add up 13. A. discouraged B. disturbed C. disappointed D. distrusted 14. A. thought B. stated C. announced D. suggested 15. A. imagining B. preparing C. examining D. describing Passage 4 （24-25高一上·河南郑州宇华·期中） There have been times over the years when I have tried to leave Hailsham behind, when I have told myself I shouldn’t look back so much. But then there came a point when I just stopped resisting (反抗). It had to do with this particular donor (器官捐献者) I had once, in my third year as a carer, it was his 1 when I mentioned I was from Hailsham. He had just 2 his third donation, it hadn’t gone well, and he must have known that he wasn’t going to 3 . He could hardly breathe (呼吸), but he looked towards me and said: “Hailsham. I bet that was a (an) 4 place.” Then the next morning, when I was making conversation to keep his 5 off it all, and I asked 6 he had grown up, he mentioned some place in Dorset and his face went into a completely new kind of grimace (痛苦的表情). And I realized then how 7 he didn’t want to be reminded. 8 , he wanted to hear about, Hailsham. So over the next five or six days, I told him whatever he wanted to know, and he’d lie there, all 9 , a gentile smile breaking through. He’d ask me about the big things and the little things. About our guardians (看护人), about the football, the little path, the duck pond, the food, the view from the Art room over the fields on a foggy morning. Sometimes he’d make me say things 10 ; things I’d told him only the day before, he’d ask about like I’d 11 told him. “Did you have a pond?” “Which guardian (守门员) was your special favorite?” At first I thought this was just the drugs, but then I realized his mind was 12 enough. What he wanted was not just to 13 Hailsham, but to remember Hailsham, just like it had been his own childhood. He knew he was 14 to death and so that’s what he was doing: getting me to describe things to him, so they’d really sink in, so that maybe during those sleepless nights, with the drugs and the pain, the line would blur (变得模糊) between what were my 15 and what were his. 1. A. impression B. suggestion C. reaction D. recommendation 2. A. gone through B. come up with C. come across D. come down 3. A. get it B. mean it C. take it D. make it 4. A. unbearable B. ordinary C. beautiful D. orderly 5. A. hands B. mind C. eyes D. control 6. A. when B. where C. how D. whether 7. A. slightly B. hesitantly C. admittedly D. desperately 8. A. Instead B. Otherwise C. Moreover D. Therefore 9. A. interested B. shocked C. confused D. depressed 10. A. once and for all B. up and down C. over and over D. in no time 11. A. always B. never C. ever D. usually 12. A. clear B. simple C. peaceful D. absent 13. A. refer to B. hear about C. live in D. think of 14. A. far B. shocked C. close D. bored 15. A. descriptions B. imaginations C. ideas D. memories 主题02 人与自我 Passage 1 （24-25高一上·河南鹿邑·期中） A father and his son were travelling in a car. The son was 1 and the father sat on the seat next to him. Just then, a terrible storm broke. The son said to the father, “Dad, the storm is very 2 . What should we do now?” The father answered, “You don’t 3 driving the car.” A while later, the son noticed that many people were stopped by the storm and waiting for the storm to 4 . The son asked his father what to 5 . The father said, “ 6 driving the car.” The son said, “Dad, I can hardly 7 things. Many people have stopped their 8 .” The father said, “Don’t 9 these people. Just keep driving.” After some time, the son started seeing everything 10 . He found the 11 had stopped and that the sun had come out. The father said, “Stop the car.” They found those people who stopped were 12 stuck in the storm. “If you had done the same as those people, you would be stuck in the storm too,” the father said. The 13 time often comes in people’s life. If you lose your 14 during the hard time, then you will be stuck in it. If you keep going with courage, you will get through the difficult time and achieve 15 at last. 1. A. working B. driving C. reading D. eating 2. A. warm B. strange C. strong D. common 3. A. discuss B. practise C. like D. stop 4. A. pass B. break C. continue D. change 5. A. write B. buy C. say D. do 6. A. Keep B. Remember C. Imagine D. Enjoy 7. A. use B. read C. see D. feel 8. A. talks B. jobs C. games D. cars 9. A. laugh at B. care about C. look for D. run after 10. A. clearly B. carefully C. rapidly D. partly 11. A. bus B. bike C. storm D. rain 12. A. only B. still C. even D. again 13. A. hard B. sad C. great D. lonely 14. A. health B. goal C. courage D. mind 15. A. friendship B. happiness C. fame D. success Passage 2 （24-25高一上·河南渑池·期中） Jenny Johnson felt so lucky being a city girl and living near a riding stable (马场). She had always 1 . horses. Her favorite one there was called Star because the horse had a star on his head. One afternoon, Jenny found her father sitting on the sofa, looking very 2 . “What’s wrong, Dad?” she asked. “Nothing, honey. Your mom and I were just making some plans.” “Plans for what?” she asked. “Well, sweet heart,” her father said. “We’ll start a 3 life together. You see, we are moving to a small town in Michigan in about three 4 . I’m going to have my own business.” “But that’s so far away from...”Jenny said. “From your 5 --true,” her father cut her off. “But you can have your new friends.” “But ... what about Star?” “There will be other horses, Jenny.” Since it was already 6 , Jenny said no more. In the following weeks, she never went near the riding stable because she thought she was 7 to see Star. It was quite a shock (震惊) when she 8 got there to find the horse gone. Soon it was the big day - the Johnson family moved out of their house and Jenny never 9 , just ahead. When the family arrived at their new home, Jenny couldn’t believe her 10 . There were many trees around the house and a little dog was waiting at the door. Jenny’s room was so large. She looked through her window and saw two cats in the backyard. So many 11 ! Then she noticed a barn (畜棚)! 12 she walked towards the barn, she heard a sound. She listened again, and 13 ran as fast as she could in the direction of that sound. Star! She 14 to see her parents standing right behind her. “Mom, Dad,” she shouted excitedly. “My Star, he’s here! You brought him here, didn’t you?” “You are right, Jenny. Now 15 new life will really be complete.” 1. A. helped B. used C. loved D. remembered 2. A. bored B. angry C. lonely D. worried 3. A. new B. safe C. crazy D. fair 4. A. days B. weeks C. months D. years 5. A. friends B. cats C. dogs D. parents 6. A. changed B. decided C. finished D. corrected 7. A. sorry B. nervous C. lucky D. proud 8. A. quietly B. suddenly C. finally D. slowly 9. A. looked up B. looked back C. looked over D. looked out 10. A. eyes B. times C. words D. ears 11. A. choices B. surprises C. excuses D. experiences 12. A. If B. As C. Since D. Though 13. A. still B. even C. also D. then 14. A. ran B. rose C. turned D. appeared 15. A. its B. her C. your D. their Passage 3 （24-25高一上·河南郑州一中·期中） We are often told that there’s no 1 limit when it comes to pursuing our goals, but it’s truly 2 . to see someone achieve them later in life-especially if they are 95 years old. Angela Alvarez is a Cuban-born singer and songwriter who finally 3 her first album in 2021. Now, she has just won the Latin Grammy for Best New Artist. Growing up surrounded by music, Alvarez once told her father she wanted to become a (an) 4 . singer. However, life wasn’t easy for their family then and she had to 5 her dream of pursuing a career in entertainment for decades, but music was always there to keep her company and bring her 6 . With time, her kids had kids, and one of her grandchildren, Carlos Jose Alvarez, 7 found out that his grandma had 8 over 50 songs throughout her life, he knew that something had to be done. He asked her if she would be interested in going to a studio and 9 her songs. “And her answer was ‘Carlos, my dream is to 10 this life knowing that somehow my music would emerge and last.’ And that was the 11 ,” Carlos said in an interview. Alvarez’s story 12 caught the attention of actor Andy Garcia, who decided to become the producer and narrator of Miss Angela, a documentary about this amazing woman. “Her story just blew me away. She 13 a generation, perhaps our generation of Cubans,” said the actor. The dream reached new 14 as she became nominated (被提名) for a Latin Grammy. When she took to the stage to accept her award, she gave an inspiring speech, “To those who have not achieved their dream, I promise, with 15 and love you can achieve it, it’s never too late.” 1. A. sex B. age C. identity D. race 2. A. exciting B. understanding C. inspiring D. surprising 3. A. released B. searched C. created D. increased 4. A. ambitious B. unique C. professional D. temporary 5. A. take up B. get into C. bring in D. put aside 6. A. comfort B. concept C. trouble D. emotion 7. A. intentionally B. accidentally C. actually D. obviously 8. A. hidden B. cited C. heard D. written 9. A. grasping B. adapting C. recording D. polishing 10. A. leave B. continue C. keep D. bear 11. A. conclusion B. peak C. ending D. beginning 12. A. still B. never C. ever D. even 13. A. defends B. represents C. makes D. strengthens 14. A. draft B. insights C. heights D. aspect 15. A. faith B. trick C. competence D. qualification Passage 4 （24-25高一上·河南郑州十校·期中） Four years ago, the closest I got to nature was the view of the garden from my living room window. But all that 1 when I came across hiking, quite by accident. It started with a 2 from a friend — to join a hiking group for a day out. Nervous, but 3 , I agreed. The first hike was hard. I was 4 and my muscles ached, but as I reached the path’s end, something within me changed. The beautiful view of nature, the sense of achievement-it was extremely 5 . So I 6 to hike more, and in doing so, I noticed some changes. My body grew stronger, my physical 7 improved, and those once-hard hikes became easier. And my mind grew more 8 . The stress of city life 9 with each step. The rush of hiking became my new 10 . I also discovered a community of hikers. Each hike was a 11 to meet new people, share stories and form friendships. These weren’t just people to hike with, but they were fellow 12 sharing the journey of life. As my connection with nature deepened, so did my love for the environment. I found myself 13 . cnvironmental protection efforts, understanding that protecting these beautiful paths was a 14 . So now, as I get ready for another hike, I look 15 for the journey ahead and all it will offer. 1. A. remained B. changed C. stopped D. suffered 2. A. wisdom B. reply C. promise D. challenge 3. A. curious B. certain C. anxious D. awkward 4. A. full of power B. short of rest C. out of breath D. wild with joy 5. A. annoying B. amazing C. shocking D. confusing 6. A. decided B. afforded C. refused D. pretended 7. A. appearance B. examination C. education D. strength 8. A. focused B. active C. relaxed D. confident 9. A. advanced B. disappeared C. concentrated D. survived 10. A. addiction B. topic C. trap D. schedule 11. A. race B. strategy C. chance D. debate 12. A. workers B. students C. passengers D. adventurers 13. A. taking part in B. taking control of C. making sense of D. making use of 14. A. goal B. rescue C. responsibility D. solution 15. A. nervously B. excitedly C. silently D. hurriedly 主题03 人与自然 Passage 1 （24-25高一上·河南焦作博爱·期中） My husband, our children and I have had wonderful camping experiences over the past ten years. Some of our 1 are funny, especially from the early years when our children were little. Once, we 2 along Chalk Creek. I was 3 that our 15-month-old boy would fall into the creek (小溪). I tied a rope around his waist to keep him near to our spot. That lasted about ten minutes. He was 4 , and his crying let the whole campground know it. So 5 tying him up, I just kept a close eye on him. It 6 — he didn’t end up in the creek. My three-year-old, however, did. Another time, we rented a boat in Vallecito Lake. The sky was clear when we 7 , but storms move in fast in the mountains, and this one quickly 8 our peaceful morning trip. The 9 picked up and thunder rolled. My husband stopped fishing to 10 the motor. Nothing. He tried again. No 11 . We were stuck in the middle of the lake with a dead motor. As we all sat there 12 _, a fisherman pulled up, threw us a rope and towed (拖) us back. We were 13 . Now, every year when my husband pulls our camper out of the garage, we are filled with a sense of 14 , wondering what camping fun and 15 we will experience next. 1. A. ideas B. jokes C. memories D. discoveries 2. A. camped B. drove C. walked D. cycled 3. A. annoyed B. surprised C. disappointed D. worried 4. A. unhurt B. unfortunate C. uncomfortable D. unafraid 5. A. due to B. instead of C. apart from D. as for 6. A. worked B. happened C. mattered D. changed 7. A. signed up B. calmed down C. checked out D. headed off 8. A. arranged B. interrupted C. completed D. recorded 9. A. wind B. noise C. temperature D. speed 30. A. find B. hide C. start D. fix 11. A. luck B. answer C. wonder D. signal 12. A. patiently B. tirelessly C. doubtfully D. helplessly 13. A. sorry B. brave C. safe D. right 14. A. relief B. duty C. pride D. excitement 15. A. failure B. adventure C. performance D. conflict Passage 2 （24-25高一上·河南周口恒大·期中） In early January 2024, Jimmy struggled through snow and ice to summit the Vinson Massif, Antarctica’s highest peak. After decades of traveling and mountaineering, Jimmy could 1 another achievement, a great adventurer, which 2 reaching the highest peak on every continent, and visiting both the North Pole and the South Pole in addition to visiting every country. Jimmy had 3 spent ten years of his life, between 2007 and 2017, visiting every country in the world. The 4 journey saw him meet with many difficulties and gain achievements as well. But once he’d managed to visit every country in the world, Jimmy went into a 5 . “It had been a huge life goal, over a 6 of my life. However, when I finished that, I was a bit 7 ,” he said. “I started eating badly, 8 weight and ignoring my own 9 .” Jimmy decided that the best way to 10 this was to challenge himself again. He began running ultramarathons and climbing mountains, and soon found that with the 11 and direction, he was back to loving life again. He’s hoping that he doesn’t 12 bad habits again after completing the latest challenges. For now, Jimmy is putting all his 13 into helping others to achieve their travel goals. “From an adventure perspective, what I really want to 14 to people is just how many benefits they can get from 15 experiences. All good things come after suffering,” said Jimmy. 1. A. claim B. plan C. report D. evaluate 2. A. explained B. described C. involved D. highlighted 3. A. rarely B. easily C. angrily D. previously 4. A. relevant B. peaceful C. incredible D. ideal 5. A. plot B. confusion C. risk D. fight 6. A. century B. year C. week D. decade 7. A. disappointed B. lost C. addicted D. surprised 8. A. gaining B. balancing C. controlling D. watching 9. A. freedom B. horror C. calm D. business 10. A. share B. overcome C. facilitate D. adapt 11. A. guidance B. contribution C. purpose D. ability 12. A. eat up B. get into C. keep off D. suffer from 13. A. breakthroughs B. elections C. appearances D. efforts 14. A. demonstrate B. complain C. apologize D. promise 15. A. study B. teaching C. travel D. volunteer 主题01 人与社会 Passage 1 （24-25高一上·河南项城·期中） When light snow began falling, the principal kept a careful eye on the approaching storm. It soon took on qualities of something more terrible. By midday he called the school buses back so the kids could get home safely 1 it was too late. My students gathered their belongings, and felt 2 to be going home early. Then the buses arrived 3 , the storm suddenly became heavier and it was quickly clear that nobody was going anywhere any time soon. The original plan 4 . Over 300 children got 5 inside the school. As night approached and the storm showed no signs of stopping, we began to feel 6 . What would we feed several hundred children for dinner? Where would they sleep? After every parent was 7 that their children were safe, people who lived close enough to 8 the bad weather were called and asked if they could help. Soon, a handful of people 9 to travel through the blinding snow, bringing bags of food and blankets. There wasn’t much food, but everything was shared, nobody got hungry and nobody 10 . When night fell, we worked out sleeping arrangements for the kids. 11 by the tension of the day, most of them fell asleep soon on the carpeted floors. 12 , the next morning we awoke to find the storm had stopped. With the roads now clear of snow, our students were soon safely on their way home, and all the staff breathed a sigh of 13 . What might have been a(n) 14 had instead resulted in strengthened 15 between the community and our school. 1. A. as B. when C. before D. after 2. A. disappointed B. honored C. astonished D. thrilled 3. A. Therefore B. Moreover C. However D. Otherwise 4. A. broke down B. broke through C. broke out D. broke in 5. A. engaged B. stuck C. caught D. abandoned 6. A. concerned B. confused C. annoyed D. bored 7. A. convinced B. promised C. informed D. reminded 8. A. avoid B. brave C. escape D. ignore 9. A. attempted B. tended C. managed D. happened 10. A. failed B. waited C. opposed D. complained 11. A. Exhausted B. Frightened C. Threatened D. Challenged 12. A. Surely B. Hopefully C. Thankfully D. Strangely 13. A. impatience B. relief C. regret D. surprise 14. A. accident B. intervention C. disaster D. adventure 15. A. feedbacks B. communications C. frictions D. bonds Passage 2 （24-25高一上·河南南阳·期中） A Sherpa (夏尔巴人) named Gelje was leading a group up Mount Everest when he saw a struggling climber. They were at 27,200 feet — in the“death zone,” so named because of the severe cold and 1 oxygen. “He had nothing left,” Gelje recalled. “No energy, no oxygen, 2 .” The man was barely conscious, 3 uncontrollably, and his breaths were shallow. Gelje knew that every second 4 , and without immediate help, the man would not 5 the night in the death zone. So Gelje 6 his group to give up the climb in order to 7 the man. With great effort, Gelje 8 the exhausted climber 1,000 feet down the dangerous mountain until they met other 9 _. Over the next five hours, he and the guides 10 carrying and pulling the 175-pound man over rocky terrain and icy surfaces. Their collective 11 and determination brought them to a camp at 23,500 feet, where the climber who was from Malaysia, could finally be 12 by helicopter to a hospital. After 13 , the thankful man shared his experience on Instagram, stating the obvious: Sherpas “never leave you behind.” This heroic act not only shows the 14 and courage of Gelje and his fellow guides but also highlights the close 15 between climbers and the guides. 1. A. rich B. low C. high D. fresh 2. A. something B. everything C. anything D. nothing 3. A. shivering B. looking C. crying D. smiling 4. A. lasted B. passed C. counted D. started 5. A. spend B. survive C. enjoy D. waste 6. A. encouraged B. challenged C. forced D. warned 7. A. guide B. help C. lead D. join 8. A. lifted B. surrounded C. carried D. caught 9. A. visitors B. tourists C. climbers D. guides 10. A. took turns B. took up C. felt like D. went on 11. A. function B. strength C. growth D. quality 12. A. flown B. blown C. shown D. chosen 13. A. falling B. arriving C. recovering D. escaping 14. A. business B. weakness C. selflessness D. happiness 15. A. ties B. aims C. acts D. tests Passage 3 （24-25高一上·河南封丘·期中） Shanya, a middle school student from California, won a science award for designing a fire detection (探测) system that is better than existing ones. Shanya’s 1 came after a fire destroyed a restaurant in her neighborhood during the summer of 2022. “I had never really 2 something like that before,” she talked about the early morning’s 3 happening at the restaurant, which started in the kitchen. “They had smoke detectors (探测器), yet 4 it still burned down,” she 5 . She spent more than a year developing a fire detection system that could have 6 the fire. Smoke detectors sense active fires from the 7 in the air. Shanya’s thermal imaging device (热成像设备) is 8 to stop fires from occurring. Her system has two 9 , a thermal camera and a tiny computer. The device detects a heat source which has been left 10 for ten minutes and sends a text message alarm. “I had two designs, and my first design completely 11 . It was a really big problem I had to 12 ,” she said. The final device proves useful in speed and accuracy. Shanya wants to bring the costs down to $60 to make it even more 13 than smoke detectors. “Shanya saw a 14 and tried to solve it. That’s what I 15 all young people to do,” said a scientist. 1. A. view B. goal C. idea D. dream 2. A. forgotten B. experienced C. invented D. feared 3. A. exploration B. movement C. worry D. fire 4. A. partly B. obviously C. finally D. luckily 5. A. added B. repeated C. argued D. replied 6. A. improved B. changed C. cleared D. prevented 7. A. water B. smoke C. dirt D. steam 8. A. designed B. forced C. left D. organized 9. A. roles B. points C. uses D. parts 10. A. unknown B. uninjured C. unnoticed D. unprotected 11. A. succeeded B. failed C. missed D. appeared 12. A. go through B. pay off C. give up D. come across 13. A. suitable B. attractive C. affordable D. curious 14. A. plan B. chance C. possibility D. problem 15. A. allow B. encourage C. cause D. order Passage 4 （24-25高一上·河南九师联盟·期中） On the way home, Corey Widmer found himself stuck in the middle of rush hour traffic. His car had been giving him 1 , so he left work early to drive to an auto parts store to have the battery (电池) checked. But on the way there, it died. “ 2 helplessness, I just thought, ‘What am I going to do?’” Widmer recalled. Moments later, Widmer’s question was 3 . There was a man on the sidewalk. He saw Widmer’s car had stopped and 4 the words, “Do you need help?” After Widmer 5 , the man wove (穿行) in and out of the traffic to get to the car. “As the light turned 6 , he stood behind me and wildly waved his arms, 7 cars to go around me,” Widmer said. The man 8 the traffic and freed up enough 9 for him and Widmer to push the car over to the side of the road. Widmer 10 him, and after saying “You’re welcome”, the man returned to the sidewalk. Before Widmer could think much about it, another car 11 behind him on the shoulder. Inside the car were four or five men, all of them Spanish-speaking. The 12 jumped out. Widmer said, “Though he didn’t speak English, he 13 was asking me if I needed help, and I said, ‘Yes.’” The man got out jumper cables (搭接电缆) and 14 Widmer’s car. “I will always remember that moment. It reminded me to keep a(n) 15 open for those who may be in need of help,” Widmer said. 1. A. time B. trouble C. money D. loss 2. A. Filled with B. Focused on C. Depending on D. Wondering at 3. A. raised B. tracked C. answered D. covered 4. A. forgot B. mouthed C. wrote D. picked 5. A. nodded B. left C. cried D. hid 6. A. red B. dark C. green D. yellow 7. A. training B. forcing C. inviting D. telling 8. A. directed B. followed C. reported D. caused 9. A. hands B. tools C. light D. space 10. A. served B. called C. thanked D. walked 11. A. stopped B. broke C. refused D. fell 12. A. translator B. builder C. policeman D. driver 13. A. surprisingly B. impatiently C. clearly D. sadly 14. A. pulled B. separated C. pushed D. restarted 15. A. bag B. eye C. school D. opinion 主题02 人与自我 Passage 1 （24-25高一上·河南潢川·期中） Once upon a time, there was a man who worked very hard just to keep food on the table for his family. A few days before Christmas, he 1 his five year-old daughter after 2 that she had used up the family’s only roll of expensive gold wrapping paper. As money was tight, he became even angrier when on Christmas Eve he saw that she had used all of the gold paper to 3 one shoebox. He was also concerned about where she had gotten 4 to buy what was in the shoebox. The next morning the little girl, 5 excitement, brought the gift box to her father and said, “This is for you, Daddy!” Holding the box, the father was embarrassed by his earlier behavior, 6 what he had done to her. But when he 7 the shoebox, he found there was nothing. “Don’t you know, young lady,” he said 8 , “when you give someone a 9 , there’s supposed to be something inside the package!” The little girl 10 him with sad tears rolling from her eyes and whispered, “Daddy, it’s not empty. I blew kisses into it until it was 11 .” He fell on his knees and put his arms around the girl and begged her to 12 him for his unnecessary anger. An accident took the girl’s life only a short time later. It is said that the father 13 this little gold box by his bed for all his life. Whenever he was 15 or faced difficult problems, he would open the box, take out an imaginary kiss, and 16 his daughter’s love. 1. A. praised B. encouraged C. thanked D. punished 2. A. promising B. learning C. admitting D. agreeing 3. A. decorate B. draw C. buy D. measure 4. A. time B. advice C. space D. money 5. A. filled with B. ready for C. different from D. related to 6. A. thinking B. forgetting C. ensuring D. regretting 7. A. closed B. opened C. accepted D. found 8. A. happily B. anxiously C. angrily D. shyly 9. A. hand B. lecture C. solution D. present 10. A. looked up at B. caught up with C. lived up to D. made up for 11. A. empty B. broken C. full D. colorful 12. A. love B. hate C. forgive D. defend 13. A. kept B. observed C. used D. searched 14. A. interested B. discouraged C. surprised D. terrified 15. A. share B. refuse C. remember D. remove Passage 2 （24-25高一上·河南南阳一中·期中） I needed to have a new phone installed (安装). An old and 1 wooden desk was in the way, however. The serviceman refused to move it. Frustrated, I whispered “I am woman” as I pushed it aside. I 2 my back pain until he left. It soon 3 , forcing me to have it checked in the hospital. My back was not 4 injured. But there was a dark spot on my kidney (肾), which turned out cancerous and had to be removed. Fortunately, the cancer did not appear to have 5 . Unfortunately, it would not respond to any treatment or 6 . The doctor 7 that I take a cruise (航行) and do anything I had been putting off. He expected the cancer would spread and 8 my life within a year! I didn’t even 9 any of the retirement savings I had 10 all these years. It’s frustrating. But if I had only a year, I was going to make it 11 . I treasured every minute. As the year raced by, I am still 12 . I 13 I still had a few more years, which I marked off by filling them with everything I had procrastinated (耽搁) doing all my life. I volunteered at a zoo, worked as a (n) 14 , and even published children’s books. My “last year” of life continues to delight me, after a quarter century of making sure that every moment counts. Now, I am 15 enough to see my grandchildren and great-grandchildren grow up. 1. A. simple B. heavy C. outdated D. broken 2. A. covered up B. showed off C. looked through D. got over 3. A. faded B. returned C. intensified D. stopped 4. A. mentally B. seriously C. physically D. frequently 5. A. declined B. improved C. cleared D. spread 6. A. protection B. aid C. medicine D. resource 7. A. insisted B. required C. demanded D. recommended 8. A. take B. shape C. rescue D. enjoy 9. A. charge B. touch C. confirm D. declare 10. A. saved B. donated C. spent D. promised 11. A. happen B. last C. count D. exist 12. A. independent B. aware C. awake D. alive 13. A. determined B. agreed C. pretended D. figured 14. A. researcher B. editor C. designer D. doctor 15. A. lucky B. disappointed C. scared D. tough Passage 3 （24-25高一上·河南洛阳·期中） We set off when the fog (雾) is lifting. The little villages are 1 , one by one.“There is my grandmother's house,” I say, pointing to an old house. I am in Nova Scotia with Lise, my granddaughter, 2 roots (根) for her, getting back treasured memory for me. Lise 3 from house to house as other children in childhood. She longs for a 4 of home, and so we have come to Nova Scotia where my husband and I were 5 and where our ancestors (祖先) lived for 200 years. We soon pull up by the house and I tell her what it was like here, the 6 rushing back. 7 , I long to walk again in the house where I 8 . It still belongs to a member of the family, but has not been 9 for a while. We cannot go into the house, but I can still walk through the rooms in memory. Here, my mother sat in the bedroom and sang 10 until I fell asleep. I can still see the family 11 around the house which was full of 12 . Lise listens carefully as I talk and then says, “So this is where I 13 ; where I belong.” She has found her roots. To know where I came from is one of the great longings of the human heart. To be rooted is “to have a(n) 14 ”. We need it. Looking 15 , we discover what is special in us; learn the meaning of “I”. We must all go home again — in reality or memory. 1. A. appearing B. waving C. flashing D. passing 2. A. representing B. keeping C. seeking D. recovering 3. A. removed B. moved C. jogged D. played 4. A. turn B. safety C. power D. sense 5. A. born B. reminded C. selected D. inspired 6. A. responsibilities B. tension C. eagerness D. memories 7. A. Fortunately B. Absolutely C. Suddenly D. Actually 8. A. paid off B. grew up C. kept up D. took off 9. A. lived in B. decorated C. swept D. taken advantage of 10. A. actively B. calmly C. patiently D. softly 11. A. traveling B. working C. gathering D. relaxing 12. A. laughter B. stress C. recreation D. surprise 13. A. expected B. began C. quit D. retired 14. A. dream B. choice C. end D. origin 15. A. forward B. up C. backward D. ahead 主题03 人与自然 Passage 1 （24-25高一上·河南顶级名校·期中） Molai grew up in a tiny village in India. The village lay near some wetlands which became his second 1 . He learned the value and beauty of 2 there from a very young age. When he was 16, Molai began to notice something 3 happening around his home. A flood had hit the area earlier that year and the 4 it caused had driven away a number of birds. 5 , the number of snakes had declined as well. He 6 that it was because there weren’t enough trees to protect them from the 7 . The solution, of course, was to plant trees so the animals could seek 8 during the daytime. He turned to the 9 department for help but was told that nothing would grow there. However, Molai went looking on his own and 10 a nearby island where he began to plant trees. 11 young plants in the dry season was 12 for a lone boy. Molai built at the 13 of each sapling(幼树)a bamboo platform, where he placed earthen pots with small holes to 14 rainwater. The water would then drip(滴落)on the plants below. Molai 15 to plant trees for the next 37 years. His efforts have resulted in 1,360 acres of naturally-grown land that has become home to many plants and animals. 1. A. dream B. job C. home D. choice 2. A. nature B. youth C. culture D. knowledge 3. A. precious B. interesting C. disturbing D. awkward 4. A. waste B. tension C. pain D. damage 5. A. Besides B. However C. Therefore D. Otherwise 6. A. agreed B. realized C. remembered D. predicted 7. A. noise B. heat C. disease D. dust 8. A. directions B. partners C. help D. shelter 9. A. labor B. police C. forest D. finance 10. A. rebuilt B. discovered C. left D. managed 11. A. Decorating B. Observing C. Watering D. Guarding 12. A. tough B. illegal C. fantastic D. beneficial 13. A. back B. top C. foot D. side 14. A. cool down B. keep off C. purify D. collect 15. A. returned B. learned C. failed D. continued Passage 2 （24-25高一上·河南驻马店经开区·期中） A 60-year-old man and 48-year-old woman didn’t know what would happen to them before their sailing (航海). They are 1 sailors and set out for the sea as usual happily on Monday morning. But in the afternoon, the wind picked up and the 19m large boat 2 up and ran into 3 because it hit something 4 . Unluckily, the boat began 5 water. It was about 130 nautical miles (海里) southeast of Sydney and 250 km offshore of Ulladulla then. They sent out a 6 for help but with no answer. The waves and wind became too 7 to face, too. The sailors tried every possible 8 they could think of to deal with the running-in seawater. Finally, they found the 9 . But they had to 10 wild waves and strong winds overnight. They tried to ask for help at the same time and 11 the rescue (营救) until morning — by which time the boat had run 300 km further away from the coast. However, the 12 were not able to 13 the pair until Tuesday because of the dangerous conditions. The pair were safely rescued 14 after facing wild wind and dangerous waves for more than 18 hours. It is really an amazing story of 15 _. 1. A. expert B. outgoing C. suitable D. graceful 2. A. set B. sped C. packed D. signed 3. A. movement B. source C. view D. trouble 4. A. accidentally B. obviously C. finally D. actually 5. A. focusing on B. checking in C. working out D. taking in 6. A. responsibility B. decision C. track D. request 7. A. normal B. powerful C. annoying D. cold 8. A. suggestion B. object C. strategy D. organization 9. A. solution B. schedule C. application D. event 10. A. brave B. compare C. connect D. control 11. A. designed B. improved C. contacted D. attracted 12. A. juniors B. hikers C. joggers D. rescuers 13. A. choose B. amaze C. reach D. follow 14. A. stressed B. uninjured C. confused D. advanced 15. A. personality B. survival C. sight D. arrangement / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题06 语言知识 完形填空 主题01 人与社会 Passage 1 （24-25高一上·河南南阳六校·期中） Today, I had an experience that I would never forget. I went to the gas station to fill up my car, but when I tried to pay with my phone, I found it was 1 . I got really worried because I didn’t have any cash(现金) or cards, just empty pockets. The gas station worker 2 me and gave me a 3 , saying, “Find your phone first. Don’t worry, and you can 4 . later.” Feeling a bit better, I started looking for my phone. 5 , I was told that a man found it and 6 to give it back. He asked me to meet him at a nearby store. But how could I 7 him without a phone? That was when two people walking by saw my 8 . They were really kind and lent me their phone so I could get in touch with the man. 9 , I met the person who found my phone, and got my phone back 10 . It was such a relief! I was so 11 to the gas station worker and the two 12 who lent me their phone. They didn’t know me, but they still 13 . It showed me that even when things get really hard, people can still be 14 . Sometimes, it’s such small things that 15 the best in people and remind us that anyone can be good. 1. A. broken B. gone C. busy D. dead 2. A. challenged B. served C. remembered D. noticed 3. A. warning B. chance C. smile D. task 4. A. check B. answer C. leave D. pay 5. A. Still B. Instead C. Fortunately D. Naturally 6. A. forgot B. offered C. regretted D. refused 7. A. contact B. interview C. remind D. attract 8. A. target B. failure C. mistake D. trouble 9. A. From then on B. In the end C. At first D. As usual 10. A. successfully B. bravely C. hurriedly D. suddenly 11. A. fair B. nice C. polite D. thankful 12. A. friends B. neighbors C. strangers D. workers 13. A. helped B. mattered C. agreed D. understood 14. A. humble B. kind C. flexible D. responsible 15. A. turn down B. look for C. bring out D. depend on 【答案】1. B 2. D 3. C 4. D 5. C 6. B 7. A 8. D 9. B 10. A 11. D 12. C 13. A 14. B 15. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了加油站的工作人员和路过的两个陌生人帮助作者找回自己丢失的手机的故事，告诉我们即使事情变得非常艰难，人们仍然可以善良。 【1题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我去加油站给我的车加油，但当我想用手机付款时，我发现手机不见了。A. broken损坏的；B. gone不在某处的，不见的；C. busy忙的；D. dead不工作的。根据后文“Find your phone first.”和“I started looking for my phone”可知，作者的手机不见了。故选B项。 【2题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：加油站的工作人员注意到了我，对我笑了笑，说：“先找到你的手机。别担心，你可以以后再付钱。”A. challenged挑战；B. served服务；C. remembered记得；D. noticed注意。根据后文“me and gave me a ____3____, saying”可知，工作人员注意到了作者的困境。故选D项。 【3题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：加油站的工作人员注意到了我，对我笑了笑，说：“先找到你的手机。别担心，你可以以后再付钱。”A. warning警告；B. chance机会；C. smile微笑；D. task任务。根据后文“saying, ‘Find your phone first. Don’t worry, and you can ____4____ later.’”可知，工作人员让作者别担心，可以先找手机，然后再付钱，由此推知，这个工作人员微笑着宽慰作者。故选C项。 【4题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：加油站的工作人员注意到了我，对我笑了笑，说：“先找到你的手机。别担心，你可以以后再付钱。”A. check检查；B. answer回答；C. leave离开；D. pay付款。根据前文“but when I tried to pay with my phone, I found it was ____1____. I got really worried because I didn’t have any cash or cards, just empty pockets.”可知，作者加完油要付钱的时候，手机不见了，又没有现金或卡，由此推知，加油站的工作人员允许作者先找到手机后再付钱。故选D项。 【5题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，有人告诉我，发现了它并愿意把它还给我。A. Still仍然，还；B. Instead代替，反而；C. Fortunately幸运地；D. Naturally自然地。根据后文“I was told that a man found it and ____6____ to give it back.”可知，有人告诉作者发现了手机，并愿意把手机还给作者，这是幸运的。故选C项。 【6题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，有人告诉我发现了它并愿意把它还给我。A. forgot忘记；B. offered表示愿意；C. regretted懊悔；D. refused拒绝。根据后文“He asked me to meet him at a nearby store.”和“I met the person who found my phone, and got my phone back”可知，发现手机的人约见作者，还了手机，故选B项。 【7题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是没有电话我怎么联系他呢？A. contact联系；B. interview采访，面试；C. remind提醒；D. attract吸引。根据后文“They were really kind and lent me their phone so I could get in touch with the man.”可知，陌生人借给作者手机让他联系那个人，由此推知，作者担心没手机没法联系要见面的捡到手机的人。故选A项。 【8题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：就在这时，两个路过的人看到了我的麻烦。A. target目标；B. failure失败；C. mistake错误；D. trouble麻烦，烦恼。根据前文“But how could I ____7____ him without a phone?”可知，作者担心没手机没法联系那个人，由此推知，两个路人看到了作者的麻烦。故选D项。 【9题详解】 考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：最后，我遇到了捡到我手机的人，并成功地拿回了我的手机。A. From then on从那时起；B. In the end最后，终于；C. At first首先，最初；D. As usual像往常一样。根据前文“They were really kind and lent me their phone so I could get in touch with the man.”以及后文“I met the person who found my phone, and got my phone back”可知，作者经历了很多困难，最后，遇到捡手机的人并找回了手机。故选B项。 【10题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：最后，我遇到了捡到我手机的人，并成功地拿回了我的手机。A. successfully成功地；B. bravely勇敢地；C. hurriedly匆忙地；D. suddenly突然。根据后文“It was such a relief!”可知，作者松了口气，由此推知，作者成功地拿回了自己丢失的手机。故选A项。 【11题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我非常感谢加油站的工作人员和两个把手机借给我的陌生人。A. fair公平的；B. nice美好的；C. polite礼貌的；D. thankful感谢的。根据前文“Find your phone first. Don’t worry, and you can ____4____ later.”和“They were really kind and lent me their phone so I could get in touch with the man.”可知，加油站的工作人员和两个把手机借给我的陌生人都帮助了作者成功找回手机，由此推知，作者非常感谢他们。故选D项。 【12题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我非常感谢加油站的工作人员和两个把手机借给我的陌生人。A. friends朋友；B. neighbors邻居；C. strangers陌生人；D. workers工作人员。根据后文“They didn’t know me”可知，他们不认识作者，因此是陌生人。故选C项。 【13题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们不认识我，但他们还是帮了我。A. helped帮助；B. mattered重要，要紧；C. agreed同意；D. understood理解。根据前文“who lent me their phone”可知，两个陌生人借给作者手机，由此推知，他们帮助了作者。故选A项。 【14题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它告诉我，即使事情变得非常艰难，人们仍然可以善良。A. humble谦虚的；B. kind善良的；C. flexible灵活的；D. responsible负责的。根据前文“Find your phone first. Don’t worry, and you can ____4____ later.”和“They were really kind and lent me their phone so I could get in touch with the man.”可知，加油站的工作人员和两个把手机借给作者的陌生人都帮助了作者成功找回手机，由此推知，人们是善良的。故选B项。 【15题详解】 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：有时候，正是这样的小事激发了人们最好的一面，提醒我们任何人都可以成为好人。A. turn down拒绝；B. look for寻找；C. bring out激发，使显出；D. depend on依靠，依赖。根据后文“the best in people and remind us that anyone can be good”可知，正是这样的小事激发了人们最好的一面，提醒我们任何人都可以成为好人。故选C项。 Passage 2 （24-25高一上·河南商开联考·期中） It was a cold night in December last year. I was having a sound 1 , during which I was woken up all of a sudden by loud cries of “Fire! Fire!”. I got up at once and 2 to the window. There I saw people 3 out of my neighbour Mr. Manandhar’s house. His double-storeyed house was on fire. Without thinking twice, I called the fire service, and ran downstairs to 4 . As I ran near, I found the 5 rising high in the sky and a large number of people had gathered there. I joined them in throwing dust (沙土) and pouring (倾倒) water over the 6 . However, it was 7 , because the wind was strong. The 8 arrived a little late because of the distance (距离) from the fire station. But they did a good job in bringing the fire under 9 . About an hour later, the fire was 10 completely. Luckily, no one was 11 . The way the firefighters performed their duties 12 me very much. They not only 13 the house from being destroyed but also prevented neighboring houses from catching fire. I had never had such a(n) 15 experience in my life. I was proud that I stepped out 16 and made a difference in doing something meaningful. 1. A. walk B. party C. sleep D. try 2. A. returned B. climbed C. waved D. rushed 3. A. looking B. running C. growing D. making 4. A. help B. talk C. listen D. play 5. A. plane B. sun C. bird D. smoke 6. A. cars B. flowers C. fire D. ground 7. A. useless B. boring C. careless D. crazy 8. A. policemen B. firefighters C. farmers D. doctors 9. A. repair B. cover C. control D. review 10. A. picked out B. put out C. noted down D. given away 11. A. hurt B. punished C. told D. followed 12. A. discouraged B. impressed C. worried D. changed 13. A. kept B. built C. sold D. painted 14. A. working B. funny C. learning D. frightening 15. A. patiently B. slowly C. bravely D. secretly 【答案】1. C 2. D 3. B 4. A 5. D 6. C 7. A 8. B 9. C 10. B 11. A 12. B 13. A 14. D 15. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了作者亲历邻居家火灾并参与灭火，感受消防员的勇敢和责任心。 【1题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我睡得很熟，突然被“着火了！着火了！”的叫声吵醒了。A. walk行走；B. party聚会；C. sleep睡觉；D. try尝试。根据上文“It was a cold night in December last year”可知，这是一个寒冷的晚上，说明作者正在睡觉。故选C。 【2题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我立刻起床，冲到窗边。A. returned返回；B. climbed爬；C. waved挥手；D. rushed冲。根据上文“by loud cries of “Fire! Fire!””可知，听到着火后，作者应该是快速地冲到窗户旁边查看情况。故选D。 【3题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在那里，我看到人们从我的邻居Mr. Manandhar的房子里跑出来。A. looking看；B. running跑；C. growing生长；D. making制作。根据上文“by loud cries of “Fire! Fire!””可知，由于房子着火了，人们自然是从房子里往外跑。故选B。 【4题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我毫不犹豫地拨打了消防电话，然后跑下楼去帮忙。A. help帮助；B. talk谈话；C. listen听；D. play玩。根据下文“I joined them in throwing dust (沙土) and pouring (倾倒) water over the ____6____.”可知，作者下楼的目的显然是为了帮忙灭火。故选A。 【5题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我走近时，我发现烟雾在天空中升起，很多人聚集在那里。A. plane飞机；B. sun太阳；C. bird鸟；D. smoke烟。根据上文“by loud cries of “Fire! Fire!””可知，火灾现场最明显的特征是烟雾，此处指烟雾升上了天空。故选D。 【6题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我和他们一起向火源处扔沙土和倒水。A. cars汽车；B. flowers花；C. fire火；D. ground地面。根据空前“throwing dust (沙土) and pouring (倾倒) water”可知，人们是在尝试灭火，因此目标是火。故选C。 【7题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，这几乎没有效果，因为风很大。A. useless无用的；B. boring无聊的；C. careless粗心的；D. crazy疯狂的。根据上文的However以及下文“because the wind was strong”可知，由于风力的影响，人们的灭火行动几乎没有用的。故选A。 【8题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：消防队员因为距离消防站较远而稍微晚到了一点。A. policemen警察；B. firefighters消防员；C. farmers农民；D. doctors医生。根据下文“But they did a good job in bringing the fire under ____9____.”可知，这里提到的是来灭火的人，即消防员。故选B。 【9题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但他们做得很好，成功地将火势控制住了。A. repair修理；B. cover覆盖；C. control控制；D. review回顾。根据下文“About an hour later, the fire was ____10____ completely.”可知，消防员最终控制住了火势。故选C。 【10题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：大约一个小时后，火完全被扑灭了。A. picked out挑选出；B. put out扑灭；C. noted down记下；D. given away泄露/捐赠。根据下文“They not only ____11____ the house from being destroyed but also prevented neighboring houses from catching fire.”可知，火最终被彻底扑灭，并没有造成重大的损失。故选B。 【11题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，没有人受伤。A. hurt受伤；B. punished惩罚；C. told告诉；D. followed跟随。根据句中的Luckily可知，尽管发生了火灾，但没有人员伤亡，这是幸运的。故选A。 【12题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：消防员履行职责的方式给我留下了深刻的印象。A. discouraged使气馁；B. impressed留下深刻印象；C. worried担心；D. changed改变。根据上文“But they did a good job in bringing the fire under ____9____.”可知，消防员的专业行为让作者印象深刻。故选B。 【13题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们不仅保护了房子不受破坏，还防止了邻近的房子着火。A. kept保持；B. built建造；C. sold出售；D. painted绘画。根据句中“but also prevented neighboring houses from catching fire”可知，消防员的努力阻止了房屋的进一步损坏。keep…from doing sth.“阻止某事的发生”。故选A。 【14题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我一生中从未有过如此可怕的体验。A. working有工作的；B. funny有趣的；C. learning学习的；D. frightening令人害怕的。根据上文“I joined them in throwing dust (沙土) and pouring (倾倒) water over the ____6____. However, it was ____7____, because the wind was strong.”可知，邻居着火的这次经历对作者来说是非常惊险的。故选D。 【15题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：我很自豪我能勇敢地站出来，做了一些有意义的事情。A. patiently耐心地；B. slowly慢慢地；C. bravely勇敢地；D. secretly秘密地。根据空后“made a difference in doing something meaningful”可知，作者对于自己能够在危机时刻勇敢地采取行动感到自豪。故选C。 Passage 3 （24-25高一上·河南罗山·期中） When I was young, my parents ran a snack bar (小吃店) in our small town. One evening in early April, my mother told me to fill in at the snack bar for a worker who had the flu. I told her I would mess it up, because I had never worked at the bar before. I 1 that instead of making money, I would end up owing it. “You can do it,” said my mother, “ 2 , you won’t get much business until lunch.” “But I’ll never remember the orders, and I’m no good with money. Please, Mom, don’t 3 me.” “Then I’ll help you”, she said. I shrugged my shoulders. I thought my mother’s 4 was a bad one, but I 5 . When I got to the bar the next day, I found my mother was 6 . Because the weather that day was rainy and cold, people wanted hot snacks and drinks. At first, I was really slow at taking the orders and making change (零钱). The line of people grew, and everybody seemed 7 . I was so nervous that my hands shook, and I 8 a cup into pieces. What a mess! Then my mother came to 9 me, and she also showed me how to make 10 . Things went more 11 after that. By the end of the day, I could remember orders, 12 the bill, and make change quickly with a smile. I was even a little 13 when the sun came out and dried up business. My mother said she was proud of me, and when she 14 that I work at the snack bar again next year, I did not even shrug. I was too busy 15 the restaurant I would open one day. 1. A. promised B. noticed C. feared D. hoped 2. A. Therefore B. Besides C. However D. Yet 3. A. blame B. fool C. frighten D. make 4. A. idea B. bar C. day D. answer 5. A. guessed B. obeyed C. begged D. admitted 6. A. angry B. sad C. worried D. ashamed 7. A. impatient B. impolite C. pleased D. surprised 8. A. damaged B. destroyed C. broke D. ruined 9. A. scold B. help C. beat D. save 10. A. money B. lunch C. coffee D. change 11. A. smoothly B. fairly C. simply D. conveniently 12. A. turn in B. count out C. take over D. add up 13. A. discouraged B. disturbed C. disappointed D. distrusted 14. A. thought B. stated C. announced D. suggested 15. A. imagining B. preparing C. examining D. describing 【答案】1. C 2. B 3. D 4. A 5. B 6. C 7. A 8. C 9. B 10. D 11. A 12. D 13. C 14. D 15. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者被迫在自家小吃店帮忙，在妈妈的帮助下，从最开始的手忙脚乱到逐渐适应，从讨厌到喜欢上了小吃店的工作，并开始想象有朝一日自己开的餐馆。 【1题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我担心我最终会欠钱，而不是赚钱。A. promised承诺；B. noticed注意到；C. feared担心；D. hoped希望。根据上文“I told her I would mess it up”可知，我认为我会搞砸一切，由此可知，我担心我最终会因此欠钱，而不是赚钱。故选C项。 【2题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：“你可以做到的，”我妈妈说，“况且，午饭前你不会有太多生意。”A. Therefore因此；B. Besides况且；C. However然而；D. Yet还。根据句中“You can do it”可知，妈妈认为我可以做到，况且，午饭前也不会有太多生意，“午饭前也不会有太多生意”是妈妈对她想法的补充说明。故选B项。 【3题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：“但我永远不会记得订单，而且我不擅长理财。妈妈，请不要逼我。”A. blame责备；B. fool愚弄；C. frighten使惊恐；D. make迫使，强迫。根据句中“But I’ll never remember the orders”可知，作者认为自己不能胜任这份工作，由此可知，他希望妈妈不要逼他。故选D项。 【4题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我认为我妈妈主意不好，但我还是顺从了。A. idea主意；B. bar酒吧；C. day一天；D. answer回答。根据上文“But I’ll never remember the orders”可知，作者认为自己不能胜任这份工作，由此可知，他认为妈妈让自己去帮忙不是一个好主意。故选A项。 【5题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我认为我妈妈的主意不好，但我还是顺从了。A. guessed猜测；B. obeyed顺从；C. begged乞求；D. admitted承认。根据下文“When I got to the bar the next day”可知，我去小吃店帮忙了，由此可知，我听从了妈妈的主意。故选B项。 【6题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：第二天我到小吃店时，发现妈妈很担心。A. angry生气的；B. sad伤心的；C. worried担心的；D. ashamed羞愧的。根据下文“Because the weather that day was rainy and cold, people wanted hot snacks and drinks.”可知，天气又冷又下雨，人们想吃热零食和饮料，由此可知，妈妈担心忙不过来。故选C项。 【7题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：队伍越来越长，每个人似乎都不耐烦了。A. impatient不耐烦的；B. impolite不礼貌的；C. pleased高兴的；D. surprised惊讶的。根据句中“The line of people grew”可知，人们排了很久的队，由此可知，每个人似乎都不耐烦了。故选A项。 【8题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我紧张得双手发抖，把杯子摔成了碎片。A. damaged损坏；B. destroyed毁灭；C. broke打破，弄坏；D. ruined破坏。根据句中“I was so nervous that my hands shook”可知，我紧张得双手发抖，由此可知，我打破了杯子，把杯子摔成了碎片。故选C项。 【9题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后我妈妈来帮我，她还教我如何找零。A. scold责骂；B. help帮助；C. beat击败；D. save节省。根据句中“she also showed me how to make _____”可知，妈妈过来教我怎样做，由此可知，妈妈来帮我了。故选B项。 【10题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后我妈妈来帮我，她还教我如何找零。A. money钱；B. lunch午饭；C. coffee咖啡；D. change找给的零钱。根据下文“make change quickly with a smile”可知，我能迅速地找零了，由此可知，妈妈教我如何找零，“make change”意为“找零”。故选D项。 【11题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：在那之后，事情进展得更为顺利。A. smoothly顺利地；B. fairly公正地；C. simply简单地；D. conveniently方便地。根据下文“By the end of the day, I could remember orders, ___12__ the bill, and make change quickly with a smile.”可知，到一天结束时，我能记住订单、账单，并迅速地找零，由此可知，事情进展得更为顺利。故选A项。 【12题详解】 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：到了一天结束的时候，我能记住订单，把账单加起来，然后微笑着快速找零。A. turn in上交；B. count out数（钱）；C. take over接管；D. add up加起来，相加。根据句中“the bill”可知，我在给客人结账并找零，由此可知，我能够把账单加起来，算出金额。故选D项。 【13题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当太阳出来，生意打样时，我甚至有点失望。A. discouraged泄气的；B. disturbed心烦意乱的；C. disappointed失望的；D. distrusted不信任的。根据上文“By the end of the day, I could remember orders, ___12__ the bill, and make change quickly with a smile.”可知，我适应并喜欢上了小吃店的工作，由此可知，当工作结束时，我意犹未尽，感到失望。故选C项。 【14题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我妈妈说她为我感到骄傲，当她建议我明年再去小吃店工作时，我甚至没有耸肩。A. thought想，认为；B. stated陈述；C. announced宣布；D. suggested建议。根据句中“I work at the snack bar again next year”和“I did not even shrug”可知，妈妈建议我明年再去小吃店工作，对此我没有耸肩。故选D项。 【15题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我忙于想象有一天我会开的餐厅。A. imagining想象；B. preparing准备；C. examining检查；D. describing描述。根据句中“the restaurant I would open one day”可知，通过这次经历，我爱上了在小吃店工作，我开始想象有一天我会开的餐厅。故选A项。 Passage 4 （24-25高一上·河南郑州宇华·期中） There have been times over the years when I have tried to leave Hailsham behind, when I have told myself I shouldn’t look back so much. But then there came a point when I just stopped resisting (反抗). It had to do with this particular donor (器官捐献者) I had once, in my third year as a carer, it was his 1 when I mentioned I was from Hailsham. He had just 2 his third donation, it hadn’t gone well, and he must have known that he wasn’t going to 3 . He could hardly breathe (呼吸), but he looked towards me and said: “Hailsham. I bet that was a (an) 4 place.” Then the next morning, when I was making conversation to keep his 5 off it all, and I asked 6 he had grown up, he mentioned some place in Dorset and his face went into a completely new kind of grimace (痛苦的表情). And I realized then how 7 he didn’t want to be reminded. 8 , he wanted to hear about, Hailsham. So over the next five or six days, I told him whatever he wanted to know, and he’d lie there, all 9 , a gentile smile breaking through. He’d ask me about the big things and the little things. About our guardians (看护人), about the football, the little path, the duck pond, the food, the view from the Art room over the fields on a foggy morning. Sometimes he’d make me say things 10 ; things I’d told him only the day before, he’d ask about like I’d 11 told him. “Did you have a pond?” “Which guardian (守门员) was your special favorite?” At first I thought this was just the drugs, but then I realized his mind was 12 enough. What he wanted was not just to 13 Hailsham, but to remember Hailsham, just like it had been his own childhood. He knew he was 14 to death and so that’s what he was doing: getting me to describe things to him, so they’d really sink in, so that maybe during those sleepless nights, with the drugs and the pain, the line would blur (变得模糊) between what were my 15 and what were his. 1. A. impression B. suggestion C. reaction D. recommendation 2. A. gone through B. come up with C. come across D. come down 3. A. get it B. mean it C. take it D. make it 4. A. unbearable B. ordinary C. beautiful D. orderly 5. A. hands B. mind C. eyes D. control 6. A. when B. where C. how D. whether 7. A. slightly B. hesitantly C. admittedly D. desperately 8. A. Instead B. Otherwise C. Moreover D. Therefore 9. A. interested B. shocked C. confused D. depressed 10. A. once and for all B. up and down C. over and over D. in no time 11. A. always B. never C. ever D. usually 12. A. clear B. simple C. peaceful D. absent 13. A. refer to B. hear about C. live in D. think of 14. A. far B. shocked C. close D. bored 15. A. descriptions B. imaginations C. ideas D. memories 【答案】1. C 2. A 3. D 4. C 5. B 6. B 7. D 8. A 9. A 10. C 11. B 12. A 13. B 14. C 15. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者并不愿意提到自己的家乡，但为了安慰一位病人，反复向他讲述家乡的故事，给对方带来了情感上的安慰。 【1题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这与我作为护理人员的第三年有过一次特别的器官捐献者有关，当我提到我来自黑尔舍姆时，他的反应就是这样。A. impression印象；B. suggestion建议；C. reaction反应；D. recommendation推荐。根据下文“Hailsham. I bet that was a (an) ___4__ place.”可知，当我提到我来自黑尔舍姆时，他认为那是一个美丽的地方，由此可知，句中指他对我的话做出了反应。故选C项。 【2题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：他刚刚经历了第三次捐献，但进展并不顺利，他一定知道自己不会成功。A. gone through经历；B. come up with提出；C. come across偶然遇见；D. come down下降。根据句中“it hadn’t gone well”可知，器官捐献并不顺利，由此可知，他刚刚经历了第三次捐献，但进展并不顺利。故选A项。 【3题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：他刚刚经历了第三次捐献，但进展并不顺利，他一定知道自己不会成功。A. get it明白了；B. mean it言出必行；C. take it相信，接受它；D. make it成功。根据句中“it hadn’t gone well”可知，器官捐献并不顺利，由此可知，他知道自己不会成功。故选D项。 【4题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他几乎无法呼吸，但他看着我说：“黑尔舍姆。我打赌那是一个美丽的地方。”A. unbearable难以忍受的；B. ordinary普通的；C. beautiful美丽的；D. orderly有秩序的。根据下文“he wanted to hear about, Hailsham.”可知，他想了解黑尔舍姆，由此可知，他喜欢黑尔舍姆，认为那是一个美丽的地方。故选C项。 【5题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后第二天早上，当我和他谈话时，想让他的心思远离捐献失败的事，我问他在哪里长大，他提到了多塞特郡的某个地方，他的脸上露出了一种全新的痛苦的表情。A. hands手；B. mind心思；C. eyes眼睛；D. control控制。根据句中“I was making conversation”可知，我和他谈话的目的是分散他的注意力，让他的心思远离捐献失败的事，由此可知，我想让他的心思远离捐献失败的事。故选B项。 【6题详解】 考查连接词词义辨析。句意：然后第二天早上，当我和他谈话时，想让他的心思远离捐献失败的事，我问他在哪里长大，他提到了多塞特郡的某个地方，他的脸上露出了一种全新的痛苦的表情。A. when何时；B. where在哪里；C. how怎样；D. whether是否。根据句中“he mentioned some place in Dorset”可知，他提到了多塞特郡的某个地方，由此可知，我问的是他在哪里长大，应用连接词“where”引导宾语从句。故选B项。 【7题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：然后我意识到他多么不想被提醒。A. slightly轻微地；B. hesitantly犹豫地；C. admittedly诚然；D. desperately极度地。根据上文“his face went into a completely new kind of grimace”可知，当我问及他在哪里长大时，他很痛苦，由此可知，他极度不想被提醒出生地。故选D项。 【8题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：相反，他想听听黑尔舍姆的事。A. Instead相反；B. Otherwise否则；C. Moreover此外；D. Therefore因此。根据上文“his face went into a completely new kind of grimace”和句中“he wanted to hear about, Hailsham”可知，上下文形成对比，提到出生地他很痛苦，相反，他想听听黑尔舍姆的事。故选A项。 【9题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：所以在接下来的五六天里，我告诉了他想知道的一切，他躺在那里，都很感兴趣，露出了温柔的笑容。A. interested感兴趣的；B. shocked震惊的；C. confused困惑的；D. depressed沮丧的。根据句中“a gentile smile breaking through”可知，听我讲述黑尔舍姆的事，他露出了温柔的笑容，由此可知，他对我说的事都很感兴趣。故选A项。 【10题详解】 考查固定短语辨析。句意：有时他会让我反反复复地说；我前一天告诉他的事情，他会像我从未告诉过他一样问。A. once and for all彻底地；B. up and down上上下下；C. over and over反反复复；D. in no time立刻。根据句中“things I’d told him only the day before, he’d ask about like I’d __11___ told him”可知，我告诉过他的事情，他还会再问我一遍，由此可知，他会让我反反复复地说。故选C项。 【11题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：有时他会让我反反复复地说；我前一天告诉他的事情，他会像我从未告诉过他一样问。A. always总是；B. never从未；C. ever曾经；D. usually通常。根据句中“Sometimes he’d make me say things ___10__”可知，他会让我反反复复地说一件事，由此可知，我前一天告诉他的事情，他会像我从未告诉过他一样问。故选B项。 【12题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：起初我以为这只是药物作用，但后来我意识到他头脑已经足够清醒了。A. clear头脑清醒的；B. simple简单的；C. peaceful和平的；D. absent缺席的。根据句中转折连词“but”可知，上下文为转折关系，他问这些问题是因为他的头脑已经足够清醒了，而不是药物作用。故选A项。 【13题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：他想要的不仅仅是听黑尔舍姆的故事，而是记住黑尔舍姆，就像他自己的童年一样。A. refer to提到，查阅；B. hear about听到关于；C. live in住在（某地）；D. think of思考，想起。根据上文“He’d ask me about the big things and the little things.”可知，他会问我黑尔舍姆地大事和小事，由此可知，他想要的听到关于黑尔舍姆的故事。故选B项。 【14题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他知道自己快要死了，所以这就是他所做的：让我向他描述事情，这样事情就会真正被理解，这样也许在那些无眠的夜晚，在药物和痛苦的陪伴下，我的记忆和他的记忆之间的界限会模糊。A. far远的；B. shocked震惊的；C. close接近的；D. bored无聊的。根据上文“He had just ___2__ his third donation, it hadn’t gone well”可知，器官捐献手术失败了，由此可知，他知道自己快要死了，离死亡很接近。故选C项。 【15题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他知道自己快要死了，所以这就是他所做的：让我向他描述事情，这样事情就会真正被理解，这样也许在那些无眠的夜晚，在药物和痛苦的陪伴下，我的记忆和他的记忆之间的界限会模糊。A. descriptions描述；B. imaginations想象；C. ideas想法；D. memories记忆。根据句中“getting me to describe things to him”可知，他让我向他描述我家乡的事情，是为了模糊我的记忆和他的记忆，以此获得情感上的安慰。故选D项。 主题02 人与自我 Passage 1 （24-25高一上·河南鹿邑·期中） A father and his son were travelling in a car. The son was 1 and the father sat on the seat next to him. Just then, a terrible storm broke. The son said to the father, “Dad, the storm is very 2 . What should we do now?” The father answered, “You don’t 3 driving the car.” A while later, the son noticed that many people were stopped by the storm and waiting for the storm to 4 . The son asked his father what to 5 . The father said, “ 6 driving the car.” The son said, “Dad, I can hardly 7 things. Many people have stopped their 8 .” The father said, “Don’t 9 these people. Just keep driving.” After some time, the son started seeing everything 10 . He found the 11 had stopped and that the sun had come out. The father said, “Stop the car.” They found those people who stopped were 12 stuck in the storm. “If you had done the same as those people, you would be stuck in the storm too,” the father said. The 13 time often comes in people’s life. If you lose your 14 during the hard time, then you will be stuck in it. If you keep going with courage, you will get through the difficult time and achieve 15 at last. 1. A. working B. driving C. reading D. eating 2. A. warm B. strange C. strong D. common 3. A. discuss B. practise C. like D. stop 4. A. pass B. break C. continue D. change 5. A. write B. buy C. say D. do 6. A. Keep B. Remember C. Imagine D. Enjoy 7. A. use B. read C. see D. feel 8. A. talks B. jobs C. games D. cars 9. A. laugh at B. care about C. look for D. run after 10. A. clearly B. carefully C. rapidly D. partly 11. A. bus B. bike C. storm D. rain 12. A. only B. still C. even D. again 13. A. hard B. sad C. great D. lonely 14. A. health B. goal C. courage D. mind 15. A. friendship B. happiness C. fame D. success 【答案】1. B 2. C 3. D 4. A 5. D 6. A 7. C 8. D 9. B 10. A 11. C 12. B 13. A 14. C 15. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲的是一对父子开车旅行途中遇到了暴风雨，父亲叫儿子一直开，不要停，最终太阳出来了，父亲借此告诉儿子，在困难的时刻要保持勇气。 【1题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：儿子在开车，父亲坐在他旁边的座位上。A. working工作；B. driving开车；C. reading读；D. eating吃。根据上文“travelling in a car”和下文“the father sat on the seat next to him”可知，父亲坐副驾，那儿子就是在开车。故选B。 【2题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：爸爸，暴风雨很大。A. warm温暖的；B. strange奇怪的；C. strong强大的；D. common常见的。根据下文“many people were stopped by the storm”可知，很多人都因为暴风雨停了下来，说明暴风雨很大。故选C。 【3题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：你不能停止开车。A. discuss讨论；B. practise练习；C. like喜欢；D. stop停止。根据第9空后的“Just keep driving”可知，父亲不准儿子停下来。故选D。 【4题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：过了一会儿，儿子注意到许多人被暴风雨拦住了，等着暴风雨过去。A. pass停止；B. break打破；C. continue继续；D. change改变。根据上文“many people were stopped by the storm and waiting for the storm to”可知，很多人停下来是想等暴风雨停止。故选A。 【5题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：儿子问父亲该怎么办。A. write写；B. buy买；C. say说；D. do做。根据下文“The father said, “ ___6___ driving the car”是父亲的回答可知，儿子问父亲该怎么办，也就是该做什么。故选D。 【6题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：继续开车。A. Keep保持；B. Remember记得；C. Imagine想象；D. Enjoy喜欢。根据第9空后的“Just keep driving”可知，父亲让儿子继续开，keep doing意为“一直做某事”。故选A。 【7题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：爸爸，我几乎什么都看不见。A. use用；B. read读；C. see看见；D. feel感觉。根据下文“After some time, the son started seeing everything”可知，此处儿子是在说暴风雨太大了，什么都看不到了。故选C。 【8题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：很多人停下了他们的车。A. talks谈话；B. jobs工作；C. games游戏；D. cars汽车。根据上文“many people were stopped by the storm”可知，很多人停下来，也就是把车停了下来。故选D。 【9题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：不要管这些人。A. laugh at嘲笑；B. care about在乎；C. look for寻找；D. run after追求。根据下文“these people. Just keep driving”可知，父亲叫儿子不要在乎其他人，一直开车就行了，空格处意为“在乎”。故选B。 【10题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：过了一段时间，儿子开始看清一切。A. clearly清楚地；B. carefully仔细地；C. rapidly快速地；D. partly部分地。根据下文“the sun had come out”可知，太阳出来了，所以儿子能看清一切了。故选A。 【11题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他发现暴风雨停了，太阳出来了。A. bus公交车；B. bike自行车；C. storm暴风雨；D. rain雨。根据第一段“a terrible storm broke”可知，他们遇到的是暴风雨，此处指暴风雨停了。故选C。 【12题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：他们发现那些停下来的人仍然被困在暴风雨中。A. only只是；B. still仍然；C. even甚至；D. again再一次。根据下文“stuck in the storm”可知，那些停下车的人仍然被困在暴风雨中。故选B。 【13题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：艰难的时刻经常出现在人们的生活中。A. hard困难的；B. sad伤心的；C. great伟大的；D. lonely孤独的。根据下文“get through the difficult time”可知，人们生活中经常会出现困难的时刻。故选A。 【14题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果你在困难的时候失去了勇气，那么你就会陷入困境。A. health健康；B. goal目标；C. courage勇气；D. mind头脑。根据下文“If you keep going with courage, you will get through the difficult time”可知，如果你勇敢地继续前进，你就会度过难关，那如果失去了勇气，那么你就会陷入困境。故选C。 【15题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果你勇敢地继续前进，你就会度过难关，最终取得成功。A. friendship友谊；B. happiness快乐；C. fame名声；D. success成功。根据上文“get through the difficult”可知，克服了困难，最终就能获得成功。故选D。 Passage 2 （24-25高一上·河南渑池·期中） Jenny Johnson felt so lucky being a city girl and living near a riding stable (马场). She had always 1 . horses. Her favorite one there was called Star because the horse had a star on his head. One afternoon, Jenny found her father sitting on the sofa, looking very 2 . “What’s wrong, Dad?” she asked. “Nothing, honey. Your mom and I were just making some plans.” “Plans for what?” she asked. “Well, sweet heart,” her father said. “We’ll start a 3 life together. You see, we are moving to a small town in Michigan in about three 4 . I’m going to have my own business.” “But that’s so far away from...”Jenny said. “From your 5 --true,” her father cut her off. “But you can have your new friends.” “But ... what about Star?” “There will be other horses, Jenny.” Since it was already 6 , Jenny said no more. In the following weeks, she never went near the riding stable because she thought she was 7 to see Star. It was quite a shock (震惊) when she 8 got there to find the horse gone. Soon it was the big day - the Johnson family moved out of their house and Jenny never 9 , just ahead. When the family arrived at their new home, Jenny couldn’t believe her 10 . There were many trees around the house and a little dog was waiting at the door. Jenny’s room was so large. She looked through her window and saw two cats in the backyard. So many 11 ! Then she noticed a barn (畜棚)! 12 she walked towards the barn, she heard a sound. She listened again, and 13 ran as fast as she could in the direction of that sound. Star! She 14 to see her parents standing right behind her. “Mom, Dad,” she shouted excitedly. “My Star, he’s here! You brought him here, didn’t you?” “You are right, Jenny. Now 15 new life will really be complete.” 1. A. helped B. used C. loved D. remembered 2. A. bored B. angry C. lonely D. worried 3. A. new B. safe C. crazy D. fair 4. A. days B. weeks C. months D. years 5. A. friends B. cats C. dogs D. parents 6. A. changed B. decided C. finished D. corrected 7. A. sorry B. nervous C. lucky D. proud 8. A. quietly B. suddenly C. finally D. slowly 9. A. looked up B. looked back C. looked over D. looked out 10. A. eyes B. times C. words D. ears 11. A. choices B. surprises C. excuses D. experiences 12. A. If B. As C. Since D. Though 13. A. still B. even C. also D. then 14. A. ran B. rose C. turned D. appeared 15. A. its B. her C. your D. their 【答案】1. C 2. D 3. A 4. B 5. A 6. B 7. A 8. C 9. B 10. A 11. B 12. B 13. D 14. C 15. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要叙述了珍妮一直很喜欢马，但是因为搬家可能导致和她的马离得很远。她很伤心。结果到新家的时候却发现她喜欢的马在等她。 【1题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她一直很喜欢马。A. helped帮助；B. used使用；C. loved爱；D. remembered记住。根据后文的“Her favorite one there was called Star because the horse had a star on his head.”可知，珍妮喜欢马。故选C项。 【2题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一天下午，珍妮发现她爸爸坐在沙发上，看起来很担心。A. bored无聊的；B. angry愤怒的；C. lonely孤独的；D. worried担心的。根据后文的““What’s wrong, Dad?” she asked.”可知，父母看起来很担心，所以珍妮才会问他们怎么了。故选D项。 【3题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们将一起开始新的生活。A. new新的；B. safe安全的；C. crazy疯狂的；D. fair公平的。根据后文的“we are moving to a small town in Michigan in about three 4. I’m going to have my own business.”可知，他们将开始新的生活。故选A项。 【4题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：你知道，大约三周后我们要搬到密歇根州的一个小镇去。A. days天；B. weeks周；C. months月；D. years年。根据后文的“In the following weeks, she never went near the riding stable because she thought she was 7 to see Star.”可知，在接下来的几个星期里，她再也没有走近马厩，故搬家是大约三周后。故选B项。 【5题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：“离你的朋友(远)——没错，”她父亲打断了她的话。A. friends朋友；B. cats猫；C. dogs狗；D. parents父母。根据前文的““But that’s so far away from...”Jenny said.”和后文的“But you can have your new friends.”可知，二人都认为搬家后会导致离珍妮的朋友远。故选A项。 【6题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：既然已经决定了，珍妮就不再说了。A. changed变化；B. decided决定；C. finished完成；D. corrected更正。根据后文的“Jenny said no more”可知，珍妮就不再说了，是因为事情已经决定了。故选B项。 【7题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在接下来的几个星期里，她再也没有走近马厩，因为她觉得见到Star会很难过。A. sorry难过；B. nervous紧张的；C. lucky幸运的；D. proud自豪的。根据前文的““But that’s so far away from...”Jenny said.”和“she never went near the riding stable”可知，珍妮认为搬家后会导致离朋友Star距离远，所以她再也没有走近马厩，怕见到Star会难过。故选A项。 【8题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：她终于到了那里，发现马不见了，真是大吃一惊。A. quietly安静地；B. suddenly突然；C. finally最后；D. slowly慢速地。根据前文的“In the following weeks, she never went near the riding stable because she thought she was 7 to see Star.”可知，她开始不敢再去看Star，最终在离开前去了。故选C项。 【9题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：很快，这是一个重要的日子——约翰逊一家搬出了他们的房子，珍妮从不回头，只向前看。A. looked up查找；B. looked back回顾；C. looked over检查；D. looked out小心。根据后文的“just ahead”可知，珍妮只向前看，从不回头。故选B项。 【10题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当一家人来到新家时，珍妮简直不敢相信自己的眼睛。A. eyes眼睛；B. times时代；C. words单词，话；D. ears耳朵。根据后文的“There were many trees around the house and a little dog was waiting at the door. Jenny’s room was so large. She looked through her window and saw two cats in the backyard. So many 11!”可知，新家有多惊喜，她简直不敢相信自己的眼睛。故选A项。 【11题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这么多惊喜！A. choices选择；B. surprises惊喜；C. excuses借口；D. experiences经历。根据前文的“There were many trees around the house and a little dog was waiting at the door. Jenny’s room was so large. She looked through her window and saw two cats in the backyard.”可知，新家里这些都是她喜欢的，都是惊喜。故选B项。 【12题详解】 考查连词词义辨析。句意：当她走向畜棚的时候，她听到一个声音。A. If如果；B. As当……时候；C. Since自从；D. Though虽然。根据前文的“Then she noticed a barn (畜棚)!”和后文的“she walked towards the barn, she heard a sound.”可知，看到畜棚，她向畜棚走去的时候，听到一个声音。故选B项。 【13题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：她又听了一遍，然后朝着声音传来的方向尽可能快地跑去。A. still还是；B. even甚至；C. also也；D. then然后。根据前文的“She listened again”和后文“ran as fast as she could in the direction of that sound.”可知，她又听了一遍那个声音，然后朝着声音传来的方向尽可能快地跑去。故选D项。 【14题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她转过身来，看到她的父母就站在她身后。A. ran跑；B. rose上升；C. turned转身；D. appeared出现。根据前文的“She listened again, and 11 ran as fast as she could in the direction of that sound.”和后文“see her parents standing right behind her”可知，她朝Star跑去，转身才能看到后面的父母。故选C项。 【15题详解】 考查代词词义辨析。句意：现在你的新生活就真正完整了。A. its它的；B. her她的；C. your你的；D. their他们的。根据前文的“You are right, Jenny.”可知，这是珍妮父母对珍妮说的话，父母告诉她“现在你的新生活就真正完整了”。故选C项。 Passage 3 （24-25高一上·河南郑州一中·期中） We are often told that there’s no 1 limit when it comes to pursuing our goals, but it’s truly 2 . to see someone achieve them later in life-especially if they are 95 years old. Angela Alvarez is a Cuban-born singer and songwriter who finally 3 her first album in 2021. Now, she has just won the Latin Grammy for Best New Artist. Growing up surrounded by music, Alvarez once told her father she wanted to become a (an) 4 . singer. However, life wasn’t easy for their family then and she had to 5 her dream of pursuing a career in entertainment for decades, but music was always there to keep her company and bring her 6 . With time, her kids had kids, and one of her grandchildren, Carlos Jose Alvarez, 7 found out that his grandma had 8 over 50 songs throughout her life, he knew that something had to be done. He asked her if she would be interested in going to a studio and 9 her songs. “And her answer was ‘Carlos, my dream is to 10 this life knowing that somehow my music would emerge and last.’ And that was the 11 ,” Carlos said in an interview. Alvarez’s story 12 caught the attention of actor Andy Garcia, who decided to become the producer and narrator of Miss Angela, a documentary about this amazing woman. “Her story just blew me away. She 13 a generation, perhaps our generation of Cubans,” said the actor. The dream reached new 14 as she became nominated (被提名) for a Latin Grammy. When she took to the stage to accept her award, she gave an inspiring speech, “To those who have not achieved their dream, I promise, with 15 and love you can achieve it, it’s never too late.” 1. A. sex B. age C. identity D. race 2. A. exciting B. understanding C. inspiring D. surprising 3. A. released B. searched C. created D. increased 4. A. ambitious B. unique C. professional D. temporary 5. A. take up B. get into C. bring in D. put aside 6. A. comfort B. concept C. trouble D. emotion 7. A. intentionally B. accidentally C. actually D. obviously 8. A. hidden B. cited C. heard D. written 9. A. grasping B. adapting C. recording D. polishing 10. A. leave B. continue C. keep D. bear 11. A. conclusion B. peak C. ending D. beginning 12. A. still B. never C. ever D. even 13. A. defends B. represents C. makes D. strengthens 14. A. draft B. insights C. heights D. aspect 15. A. faith B. trick C. competence D. qualification 【答案】1. B 2. C 3. A 4. C 5. D 6. A 7. B 8. D 9. C 10. A 11. D 12. D 13. B 14. C 15. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。这篇文章讲述了95岁的古巴歌手和词曲创作人Angela Alvarez在2021年发行了自己的首张专辑，并且获得了拉丁格莱美最佳新人奖。同时，其在领奖台上发表了激励人心的演讲，鼓励那些还没有实现梦想的人，表示永远不会太晚。 【1题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们经常被告知，追求目标没有年龄限制，但看到有人在晚年实现目标真的很鼓舞人心，尤其是如果他们已经9岁了。A. sex性别；B. age年龄；C. identity身份；D. race种族。根据“if they are 9 years old.”可知，我们经常被告知，追求目标没有年龄限制，但看到有人在晚年实现目标真的很鼓舞人心，尤其是如果他们已经9岁了，后文的年龄对设空处进行提示，形成呼应。故选B。 【2题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. exciting令人兴奋的；B. understanding理解的；C. inspiring鼓舞人心的；D. surprising令人惊讶的。根据“someone achieve them later in life-especially if they are 9 years old.”可知，尤其是如果已经9岁了的人能够实现目标，这是鼓舞人心的。故选C。 【3题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Angela Alvarez是古巴出生的歌手和词曲作者，她终于在2021年发行了她的第一张专辑。A. released发布；B. searched搜索；C. created创造；D. increased增加。根据“her first album”可知，Angela Alvarez终于在2021年发行了她的第一张专辑。故选A。 【4题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Angela Alvarez在音乐中长大，她曾告诉父亲她想成为一名职业歌手。A. ambitious雄心勃勃的；B. unique独特的；C. professional专业的；D. temporary临时的。根据“Growing up surrounded by music”可知，其在音乐中长大，因此想要成为一名专业歌手。故选C。 【5题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：然而，当时他们的家庭生活并不轻松，她不得不把追求娱乐事业的梦想搁置了几十年，但音乐一直陪伴着她，给她带来安慰。A. take up开始从事某事；B. get into开始参与某事；C. bring in引进；D. put aside放下。根据“life wasn’t easy for their family”可知，家庭生活并不轻松，她不得不把追求娱乐事业的梦想搁置了几十年。故选D。 【6题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. comfort舒适；B. concept概念；C. trouble麻烦；D. emotion情感。根据“music was always there to keep her company”可知，虽然家庭生活并不轻松，但是有着音乐的陪伴，能够给她带来安慰。故选A。 【7题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：随着时间的推移，她的孩子们有了孩子，她的一个孙子，Carlos Jose Alvarez，偶然发现他的祖母一生写了0多首歌，他知道必须做点什么。A. intentionally故意地；B. accidentally意外地；C. actually实际上；D. obviously显然地。根据“his grandma had ____8____ over 0 songs throughout her life”可知，其孙子偶然间发现了Angela Alvarez创作的歌曲。故选B。 【8题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. hidden隐藏的；B. cited引用的；C. heard听到的；D. written书写的。根据“over 0 songs throughout her life”可知，Carlos Jose Alvarez偶然发现自己的祖母（Angela Alvarez）一生写了0多首歌。故选D。 【9题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他问她是否有兴趣去录音室录她的歌。A. grasping抓住；B. adapting适应；C. recording录制；D. polishing擦亮。根据前文“going to a studio”可知，孙子询问Angela Alvarez是否有兴趣去录制自己创作的歌曲。故选C。 【10题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：“她的回答是‘Carlos，我的梦想是在离开人世时，知道我的音乐会以某种方式出现并延续下去。’这就是开始，” Carlos在接受采访时说。A. leave离开；B. continue继续；C. keep保持；D. bear忍受。根据“this life knowing that somehow my music would emerge and last.”以及前文“Now, she has just won the Latin Grammy for Best New Artist.”可知，Angela Alvarez的梦想是在离开人世时，希望自己的音乐会以某种方式出现并延续下去。故选A。 【11题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. conclusion结论；B. peak巅峰；C. ending结尾；D. beginning开始。根据“‘Carlos, my dream is to ____10____ this life knowing that somehow my music would emerge and last.’”可知，Angela Alvarez的梦想是在离开人世时，希望其自己的音乐会以某种方式出现并延续下去，正是有着这样梦想的开始，91岁的Angela Alvarez才获得了拉丁格莱美最佳新人奖的荣誉。故选D。 【12题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：Alvarez的故事甚至引起了演员Andy Garcia的注意，他决定成为一部关于这位神奇女人的纪录片《安吉拉小姐》的制片人和旁白。A. still仍然；B. never从未；C. ever曾经；D. even甚至。根据“caught the attention of actor Andy Garcia,”可知，Alvarez的故事甚至引起了演员Andy Garcia的注意，他决定成为一部关于这位神奇女人的纪录片《安吉拉小姐》的制片人和旁白。故选D。 【13题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她代表了一代人，也许是我们这一代古巴人。A. defends辩护；B. represents代表；C. makes制作；D. strengthens加强。根据“a generation, perhaps our generation of Cubans”可知，Andy Garcia认为Alvarez代表了他这一代的古巴人。故选B。 【14题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当她获得拉丁格莱美奖提名时，她的梦想达到了新的高度。A. draft草稿；B. insights洞察力；C. heights高度；D. aspect方面。根据“as she became nominated (被提名) for a Latin Grammy.”可知，当Alvarez获得拉丁格莱美奖提名时，Alvarez的梦想达到了新的高度。故选C。 【15题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：对于那些还没有实现梦想的人，我保证，有了信念和爱，你就能实现梦想，永远不会太迟。A. faith信任；B. trick诡计；C. competence能力；D. qualification资格。根据“and love you can achieve it, it’s never too late.”以及全文可知，当一个人对梦想有着信念和爱的时，这个梦想一定能够实现，这永远都不会太迟。故选A。 Passage 4 （24-25高一上·河南郑州十校·期中） Four years ago, the closest I got to nature was the view of the garden from my living room window. But all that 1 when I came across hiking, quite by accident. It started with a 2 from a friend — to join a hiking group for a day out. Nervous, but 3 , I agreed. The first hike was hard. I was 4 and my muscles ached, but as I reached the path’s end, something within me changed. The beautiful view of nature, the sense of achievement-it was extremely 5 . So I 6 to hike more, and in doing so, I noticed some changes. My body grew stronger, my physical 7 improved, and those once-hard hikes became easier. And my mind grew more 8 . The stress of city life 9 with each step. The rush of hiking became my new 10 . I also discovered a community of hikers. Each hike was a 11 to meet new people, share stories and form friendships. These weren’t just people to hike with, but they were fellow 12 sharing the journey of life. As my connection with nature deepened, so did my love for the environment. I found myself 13 . cnvironmental protection efforts, understanding that protecting these beautiful paths was a 14 . So now, as I get ready for another hike, I look 15 for the journey ahead and all it will offer. 1. A. remained B. changed C. stopped D. suffered 2. A. wisdom B. reply C. promise D. challenge 3. A. curious B. certain C. anxious D. awkward 4. A. full of power B. short of rest C. out of breath D. wild with joy 5. A. annoying B. amazing C. shocking D. confusing 6. A. decided B. afforded C. refused D. pretended 7. A. appearance B. examination C. education D. strength 8. A. focused B. active C. relaxed D. confident 9. A. advanced B. disappeared C. concentrated D. survived 10. A. addiction B. topic C. trap D. schedule 11. A. race B. strategy C. chance D. debate 12. A. workers B. students C. passengers D. adventurers 13. A. taking part in B. taking control of C. making sense of D. making use of 14. A. goal B. rescue C. responsibility D. solution 15. A. nervously B. excitedly C. silently D. hurriedly 【答案】1. B 2. D 3. A 4. C 5. B 6. A 7. D 8. C 9. B 10. A 11. C 12. D 13. A 14. C 15. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。短文叙述了作者的徒步经历和感受。 【1题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但当我偶然接触到徒步旅行时，一切都改变了。A. remained仍需去做（或处理）；B. changed改变；C. stopped停止；D. suffered遭受。根据下文“something within me changed”可知，接触徒步旅行改变了作者。故选B项。 【2题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：它始于一个朋友的挑战——参加一个徒步旅行团外出一天。A. wisdom智慧；B. reply回复； C. promise承诺；D. challenge挑战。根据上文作者很少外出参加运动以及根据下文“from a friend — to join a hiking group for a day out.”可知，徒步旅行始于一个朋友的挑战。故选D项。 【3题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我既紧张又好奇，于是同意了。A. curious好奇的；B. certain确定的；C. anxious焦虑的；D. awkward尴尬的。根据下文“I agreed”可知，作者很好奇，所以同意了。故选A项。 【4题详解】 考查短语词义辨析。句意：我上气不接下气，肌肉酸痛，但当我走到路的尽头时，我的内心发生了变化。A. full of power充满力量；B. short of rest缺乏休息；C. out of breath气喘吁吁；D. wild with joy欣喜若狂。根据上文可知，作者第一次徒步以及下文“my muscles ached”可知，作者的状态是上气不接下气。故选C项。 【5题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：美丽的自然景色，那种成就感——真是太棒了。A. annoying烦人；B. amazing令人惊叹的，棒棒的；C. shocking令人震惊的；D. confusing令人困惑的。根据上文“The beautiful view of nature, the sense of achievement”可知，作者感觉太棒了，这是以前从未有过的体验。故选B项。 【6题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以我决定多徒步旅行，在这样做的过程中，我注意到了一些变化。A. decided决定；B. afforded支付得起；C. refused拒绝；D. pretended假装。根据上文“The beautiful view of nature, the sense of achievement-it was extremely ___5___”可知，徒步感觉很好，所以作者决定多徒步旅行。故选A项。 【7题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的身体变得更强壮了，身体力量提高了，那些曾经艰难的徒步旅行变得容易了。A.appearance外表；B.examination考试；C.education教育；D. strength力量。根据上文“My body grew stronger”可知，身体力量提高了。故选D项。 【8题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的思想变得更加放松。A. focused专注的；B. active积极的；C. relaxed放松的；D. confident自信的。根据下文“The stress of city life ___9___ with each step.”可知，作者的思想变得更加放松。故选C项。 【9题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：每走一步，城市生活的压力就会消失。A. advanced（使）前进；B. disappeared消失； C. concentrated集中；D. survived幸存。根据上文“And my mind grew more ___8___ .”可知，每走一步，城市生活的压力就会消失。故选B项。 【10题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：远足的热潮成了我的新嗜好。A. addiction上瘾，嗜好；B. topic主题；C. trap陷阱；D. schedule日程安排。根据上文“So I ___6___ to hike more”可知，远足的热潮成了作者的新嗜好。故选A项。 【11题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：每次徒步旅行都是一个认识新朋友、分享故事和建立友谊的机会。 A. race 竞赛；B. strategy策略；C. chance机会；D. debate辩论。根据下文“meet new people, share stories and form friendships”以及常识可知，徒步带来了机会。故选C项。 【12题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这些人不仅仅是徒步旅行的伙伴，而是分享生命旅程的冒险家。A. workers工人；B. students学生；C. passengers乘客；D. adventurers冒险者。爱徒步的人喜欢冒险，所以他们都是冒险家。故选D项。 【13题详解】 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：我自己参与了环境保护工作，明白保护这些美丽的小路是一种责任。A. taking part in参加；B. taking control of控制；C. making sense of理解；D. making use of利用。根据上文“so did my love for the environment”可知，作者参与了环境保护工作。故选A项。 【14题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我自己参与了环境保护工作，明白保护这些美丽的小路是一种责任。A. goal目标；B. rescue救援；C. responsibility责任；D. solution解决措施。根据常识可知，保护自然是一种责任。故选C项。 【15题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：现在，当我准备又一次远足时，我满怀激动地期待着前方的旅程以及它将带来的一切。A. nervously紧张地；B. excitedly 兴奋地,激动地；C. silently沉默地；D. hurriedly仓促地。根据上文“The rush of hiking became my new ___10___ .”可知，作者喜欢上了徒步，所以准备又一次远足时，作者满怀激动地期待着前方的旅程以及它将带来的一切。故选B项。 主题03 人与自然 Passage 1 （24-25高一上·河南焦作博爱·期中） My husband, our children and I have had wonderful camping experiences over the past ten years. Some of our 1 are funny, especially from the early years when our children were little. Once, we 2 along Chalk Creek. I was 3 that our 15-month-old boy would fall into the creek (小溪). I tied a rope around his waist to keep him near to our spot. That lasted about ten minutes. He was 4 , and his crying let the whole campground know it. So 5 tying him up, I just kept a close eye on him. It 6 — he didn’t end up in the creek. My three-year-old, however, did. Another time, we rented a boat in Vallecito Lake. The sky was clear when we 7 , but storms move in fast in the mountains, and this one quickly 8 our peaceful morning trip. The 9 picked up and thunder rolled. My husband stopped fishing to 10 the motor. Nothing. He tried again. No 11 . We were stuck in the middle of the lake with a dead motor. As we all sat there 12 _, a fisherman pulled up, threw us a rope and towed (拖) us back. We were 13 . Now, every year when my husband pulls our camper out of the garage, we are filled with a sense of 14 , wondering what camping fun and 15 we will experience next. 1. A. ideas B. jokes C. memories D. discoveries 2. A. camped B. drove C. walked D. cycled 3. A. annoyed B. surprised C. disappointed D. worried 4. A. unhurt B. unfortunate C. uncomfortable D. unafraid 5. A. due to B. instead of C. apart from D. as for 6. A. worked B. happened C. mattered D. changed 7. A. signed up B. calmed down C. checked out D. headed off 8. A. arranged B. interrupted C. completed D. recorded 9. A. wind B. noise C. temperature D. speed 30. A. find B. hide C. start D. fix 11. A. luck B. answer C. wonder D. signal 12. A. patiently B. tirelessly C. doubtfully D. helplessly 13. A. sorry B. brave C. safe D. right 14. A. relief B. duty C. pride D. excitement 15. A. failure B. adventure C. performance D. conflict 【答案】1. C 2. A 3. D 4. C 5. B 6. A 7. D 8. B 9. A 10. C 11. A 12. D 13. C 14. D 15. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者和家人在旅行过程中经历过的趣事与冒险，并且作者和家人都十分期待即将经历的冒险。 【1题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们的一些记忆很有趣，尤其是在早些年我们的孩子很小的时候。A. ideas想法；B. jokes笑话；C. memories记忆；D. discoveries发现。根据上文“have had wonderful camping experiences over the past ten years”以及下文“especially from the early years when our children were little”可知，作者在讲述以前一些经历，这些经历回想起来很有趣，因此作者认为自己与家人一起冒险的一些记忆是有趣的。故选C项。 【2题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：有一次，我们沿着白垩溪露营。A. camped露营；B. drove开车；C. walked散步；D. cycled骑自行车。根据上文“My husband, our children and I have had wonderful camping experiences over the past ten years.”可知，作者与家人在过去的十年来有着美妙的露营经历，而此处作者讲述的是其中的一次经历，他们一起在溪边露营。故选A项。 【3题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我担心我们15个月大的孩子会掉进小溪里。A. annoyed恼怒的；B. surprised惊讶的C. disappointed失望的；D. worried担心的。根据下文“I tied a rope around his waist to keep him near to our spot.”可知，作者把一根绳子系在儿子的腰上就是怕自己的孩子会掉进小溪里，所以可知作者对此是很担心的。故选D项。 【4题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他很不舒服，他的哭声让整个营地都知道了这一点。A. unhurt未受伤的；B. unfortunate不幸的；C. uncomfortable不舒服的；D. unafraid无所畏惧的。根据上文“I tied a rope around his waist to keep him near to our spot.”以及下文“his crying let the whole campground know it”可知，孩子之所以哭是因为身上被绑绳子而感觉不舒服。故选C项。 【5题详解】 考查介词短语辨析。句意：所以我没有把他绑起来，而是密切关注着他。A. due to由于；B. instead of代替，而不是；C. apart from除了；D. as for至于。根据上文“He was___4___, and his crying let the whole campground know it.”以及下文“I just kept a close eye on him”可知，因为孩子身上被绑绳子后感觉不舒服，所以作者换了另一种方式，选择密切关注他，而不是在他身上绑绳子。故选B项。 【6题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：它起作用了，他最终没有掉进小溪里。A. worked起作用；B. happened发生；C. mattered事关紧要；D. changed改变。根据下文“he didn’t end up in the creek.”可知，孩子没有掉进小溪里是因为作者在密切关注着他，以防他掉下去，因此可知作者采取的这种关注小孩而不是用绳子把他绑起来的方式起作用了。故选A项。 【7题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：我们出发时，天空很晴朗，但山中风暴来势汹汹，风暴很快中断了我们平静的晨间旅行。A. signed up注册，报名；B. calmed down冷静下来；C. checked out退房，结账离开；D. headed off启程，出发。根据上文“The sky was clear”以及下文“but storms move in fast in the mountains”可知，天气突然变化，出发时还天气晴朗。故选D项。 【8题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们出发时，天空很晴朗，但山中风暴来势汹汹，风暴很快中断了我们平静的晨间旅行。A. arranged安排；B. interrupted中断；C. completed完成；D. recorded记录。根据上文“storms move in fast in the mountains, and this one quickly”以及下文“our peaceful morning trips”可知，因为风暴来临，所以作者的旅行被迫中断了。故选B项。 【9题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：狂风大作，雷声隆隆。A. wind风；B. noise噪音；C. temperature温度；D. speed速度。根据上文“storms move in fast in the mountains”以及下文的“thunder rolled.”可知，天气变得很糟糕，大风刮了起来。故选A项。 【10题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我丈夫停止钓鱼来启动马达。A. find找到；B. hide隐藏；C. start启动；D. fix修理。根据下文“Nothing. He tried again.”以及“We were stuck in the middle of the lake with a dead motor.”可知，作者他们被困在湖中央，是因为马达坏了，发动不起来，因此可知作者的丈夫尝试将船启动。故选C项。 【11题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：没有好运。A. luck好运；B. answer回答；C. wonder惊奇；D. signal信号。根据下文“We were stuck in the middle of the lake with a dead motor.”可知，作者的丈夫再次尝试启动，船依然无法启动，因此可知他们运气很差，没有好运。故选A项。 【12题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：当我们无助地坐在那里时，一个渔夫停了下来，扔给我们一根绳子并把我们拖了回来。A. patiently耐心地；B. tirelessly不知疲倦地；C. doubtfully怀疑地；D. helplessly无助地。根据上文“We were stuck in the middle of the lake with a dead motor.”可知，在天气恶劣的情况下船无法启动了，作者与家人十分无助地坐着。故选D项。 【13题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们安全了。A. sorry抱歉的；B. brave勇敢的；C. safe安全的；D. right正确的。根据上文“a fisherman pulled up, threw us a rope and towed us back”可知，作者他们得到了渔夫的帮助，因此作者和家人安全了。故选C项。 【14题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在，每年当我丈夫把露营车从车库里拉出来时，我们都会充满兴奋，想知道接下来我们会经历什么样的露营乐趣和冒险。A. relief救济；B. duty职责；C. pride自豪；D. excitement兴奋。根据上文的“Now, every year when my husband pulls our camper out of the garage”以及下文的“wondering what camping fun”可知，作者他们一看到丈夫把露营车拉出来时，他们就会想知道接下来露营的乐趣是怎么样的，因此可知作者他们是期待接下来的露营，对此充满兴奋之情。故选D项。 【15题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在，每年当我丈夫把露营车从车库里拉出来时，我们都会充满兴奋，想知道接下来我们会经历什么样的露营乐趣和冒险。A. failure失败；B. adventure冒险；C. performance表现；D. conflict冲突。根据上文“Now, every year when my husband pulls our camper out of the garage, we are filled with a sense of___14___, wondering what camping fun and”以及下文“we will experience next”可知，作者与家人想知道下一次露营的乐趣是什么，因此也十分期待即将经历的冒险。故选B项。 Passage 2 （24-25高一上·河南周口恒大·期中） In early January 2024, Jimmy struggled through snow and ice to summit the Vinson Massif, Antarctica’s highest peak. After decades of traveling and mountaineering, Jimmy could 1 another achievement, a great adventurer, which 2 reaching the highest peak on every continent, and visiting both the North Pole and the South Pole in addition to visiting every country. Jimmy had 3 spent ten years of his life, between 2007 and 2017, visiting every country in the world. The 4 journey saw him meet with many difficulties and gain achievements as well. But once he’d managed to visit every country in the world, Jimmy went into a 5 . “It had been a huge life goal, over a 6 of my life. However, when I finished that, I was a bit 7 ,” he said. “I started eating badly, 8 weight and ignoring my own 9 .” Jimmy decided that the best way to 10 this was to challenge himself again. He began running ultramarathons and climbing mountains, and soon found that with the 11 and direction, he was back to loving life again. He’s hoping that he doesn’t 12 bad habits again after completing the latest challenges. For now, Jimmy is putting all his 13 into helping others to achieve their travel goals. “From an adventure perspective, what I really want to 14 to people is just how many benefits they can get from 15 experiences. All good things come after suffering,” said Jimmy. 1. A. claim B. plan C. report D. evaluate 2. A. explained B. described C. involved D. highlighted 3. A. rarely B. easily C. angrily D. previously 4. A. relevant B. peaceful C. incredible D. ideal 5. A. plot B. confusion C. risk D. fight 6. A. century B. year C. week D. decade 7. A. disappointed B. lost C. addicted D. surprised 8. A. gaining B. balancing C. controlling D. watching 9. A. freedom B. horror C. calm D. business 10. A. share B. overcome C. facilitate D. adapt 11. A. guidance B. contribution C. purpose D. ability 12. A. eat up B. get into C. keep off D. suffer from 13. A. breakthroughs B. elections C. appearances D. efforts 14. A. demonstrate B. complain C. apologize D. promise 15. A. study B. teaching C. travel D. volunteer 【答案】1. A 2. C 3. D 4. C 5. B 6. D 7. B 8. A 9. D 10. B 11. C 12. B 13. D 14. A 15. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。这篇文章讲述了 吉米 ，一位伟大的冒险家，在成功登顶南极洲最高峰文森峰后的心路历程。 【1题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：经过几十年的旅行和登山，吉米可以宣布另一项成就，一个伟大的冒险家，这包括到达每个大陆的最高峰，并访问了北极和南极，除了访问了每个国家。A. claim宣称；B. plan计划；C. report报告；D. evaluate评估。根据上文“After decades of traveling and mountaineering”可知，吉米可以宣布另一项成就。故选A项。 【2题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：经过几十年的旅行和登山，吉米可以宣布另一项成就，一个伟大的冒险家，这包括除了访问了每个国家，还到达每个大陆的最高峰，并访问了北极和南极。 A. explained 解释；B. described描述；C. involved包含；D. highlighted强调。根据下文“reaching the highest peak on every continent, and visiting both the North Pole and the South Pole in addition to visiting every country.”可知，这包括除了访问了每个国家，还到达每个大陆的最高峰，并访问了北极和南极。故选C项。 【3题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：吉米之前花了10年的时间，也就是从007年到017年，走遍了世界上的每个国家。A. rarely很少；B. easily容易地；C. angrily 生气地；D. previously之前。根据下文“between 007 and 017”可知，吉米之前花了10年的时间走遍了世界上的每个国家。故选D项。 【4题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在这段不可思议的旅程中，他遇到了许多困难，也取得了成就。A. relevant相关的；B. peaceful和平的；C . incredible难以置信的；D. ideal理想的。根据上文“visiting every country in the world”可知，这是段不可思议的旅程。故选C项。 【5题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是，当他成功地走遍了世界上的每一个国家后，吉米陷入了迷失自我。A. plot情节；B.confusion迷失，困惑；C. risk风险；D. fight斗争。根据下文““I started eating badly, ____8____ weight and ignoring my own ____9____”可知，，吉米陷入了迷失自我。故选B项。 【6题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是我十多年来的一个巨大的人生目标。A. century世纪； B. year年；C. week周；D. decade十年。根据上文“between 007 and 017”可知，十多年来的一个巨大的人生目标。故选D项。 【7题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，当我完成后，我有点失落。A. disappointed失望的；B. lost失落的；C . addicted上瘾的；D. surprised惊讶的。根据下文“he said. “I started eating badly, ____8____ weight and ignoring my own ____9____”可知，完成后，有点失落。故选B项。 【8题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我开始饮食紊乱，体重增加，忽视自己的事业。A.gaining 增加；B. balancing 平衡；C . controling控制；D .watching观看。根据上文“I started eating badly”可知，体重增加。故选A项。 【9题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我开始饮食紊乱，体重增加，忽视自己的事业。A. freedom 自由；B .horror 恐惧；C. calm 平静；D. business 事业。根据上文“However, when I finished that, I was a bit ____7____”可知，忽视自己的事业。故选D项。 【10题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：吉米决定克服这一点的最好办法就是再次挑战自己。A. share分享；B . overcome克服； C. facilitate 促进； D. adapt 适应。根据下文“was to challenge himself again”可知，吉米决定克服这一点的最好办法就是再次挑战自己。故选B项。 【11题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他开始跑超级马拉松和爬山，很快就发现有了目标和方向，他又重新爱上了生活。A. guidance 指导; B .contribution贡献; C purpose 目标；D .ability能力。根据下文“direction”可知，很快就发现有了目标和方向。故选C项。 【12题详解】 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：他希望自己在完成最新的挑战后不会再染上坏习惯。A. eat up吃光；B. get into陷入；C. keep off 避免；D. suffer from遭受。固定短语get into bad habits “染上坏习惯”。故选B项。 【13题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在，吉米正竭尽全力帮助别人实现他们的旅行目标。A. breakthroughs突破；B. elections选举；C . appearances 外观；D. efforts 努力。根据下文“helping others to achieve their travel goals.”可知，吉米正竭尽全力帮助别人实现他们的旅行目标。故选D项。 【14题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：从冒险的角度来看，我真正想向人们展示的是他们可以从旅行经历中获得多少好处。A.demonstrate展示;B. complain抱怨； C. apologize道歉；D. promise承诺。根据上文“From an adventure perspective”可知，从冒险的角度来看，真正想向人们展示的是他们可以从旅行经历中获得多少好处。故选A项。 【15题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：从冒险的角度来看，我真正想向人们展示的是他们可以从旅行经历中获得多少好处。A. study学习； B. teaching教学；C.travel旅行 ；D. volunteer志愿者。根据上文“visiting every country”可知，展示的是他们可以从旅行经历中获得多少好处。故选C项。 主题01 人与社会 Passage 1 （24-25高一上·河南项城·期中） When light snow began falling, the principal kept a careful eye on the approaching storm. It soon took on qualities of something more terrible. By midday he called the school buses back so the kids could get home safely 1 it was too late. My students gathered their belongings, and felt 2 to be going home early. Then the buses arrived 3 , the storm suddenly became heavier and it was quickly clear that nobody was going anywhere any time soon. The original plan 4 . Over 300 children got 5 inside the school. As night approached and the storm showed no signs of stopping, we began to feel 6 . What would we feed several hundred children for dinner? Where would they sleep? After every parent was 7 that their children were safe, people who lived close enough to 8 the bad weather were called and asked if they could help. Soon, a handful of people 9 to travel through the blinding snow, bringing bags of food and blankets. There wasn’t much food, but everything was shared, nobody got hungry and nobody 10 . When night fell, we worked out sleeping arrangements for the kids. 11 by the tension of the day, most of them fell asleep soon on the carpeted floors. 12 , the next morning we awoke to find the storm had stopped. With the roads now clear of snow, our students were soon safely on their way home, and all the staff breathed a sigh of 13 . What might have been a(n) 14 had instead resulted in strengthened 15 between the community and our school. 1. A. as B. when C. before D. after 2. A. disappointed B. honored C. astonished D. thrilled 3. A. Therefore B. Moreover C. However D. Otherwise 4. A. broke down B. broke through C. broke out D. broke in 5. A. engaged B. stuck C. caught D. abandoned 6. A. concerned B. confused C. annoyed D. bored 7. A. convinced B. promised C. informed D. reminded 8. A. avoid B. brave C. escape D. ignore 9. A. attempted B. tended C. managed D. happened 10. A. failed B. waited C. opposed D. complained 11. A. Exhausted B. Frightened C. Threatened D. Challenged 12. A. Surely B. Hopefully C. Thankfully D. Strangely 13. A. impatience B. relief C. regret D. surprise 14. A. accident B. intervention C. disaster D. adventure 15. A. feedbacks B. communications C. frictions D. bonds 【答案】1. C 2. D 3. C 4. A 5. B 6. A 7. C 8. B 9. C 10. D 11. A 12. C 13. B 14. C 15. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了学校遭受暴风雪，300名学生被困，住在附近的人们提供了帮助，让他们度过了灾难。 【1题详解】 考查连词词义辨析。句意：到了中午，他把校车叫回来，这样孩子们就可以在太晚之前安全到家了。A. as当……的时候；B. when当……的时候；C. before在……之前；D. after在……之后。根据上文“get home safely”和下文“it was too late”可知，是让孩子们在太晚之前到家，空格处是“在……之前”。故选C。 【2题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的学生们收拾好自己的东西，为能早点回家而兴奋不已。A. disappointed失望的；B. honored荣幸的；C. astonished吃惊的；D. thrilled兴奋的。 根据后文“to be going home early”可知，可以早点回家，学生感到兴奋。故选D。 【3题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，暴雪突然变得更大了，很明显，短期内没有人能去任何地方。A. Therefore因此；B. Moreover此外；C. However然而；D. Otherwise否则。根据上文“going home early”和下文“the storm suddenly became heavier”可知，前后为转折关系，应用however。故选C。 【4题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：原来的计划失败了。A. broke down计划失败；B. broke through突破；C. broke out爆发；D. broke in闯入。根据上文“nobody was going anywhere any time soon”可知，没有人走得了了，所以之前的计划失败了。故选A。 【5题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：300多名儿童被困在学校里。A. engaged参与；B. stuck被困；C. caught抓住；D. abandoned抛弃。 根据上文“nobody was going anywhere any time soon.”可知，学生是被困在了学校。故选B。 【6题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：随着夜幕降临，暴雪没有停止的迹象，我们开始感到非常担心。A. concerned担心的；B. confused困惑的；C. annoyed生气的；D. bored厌倦的。 根据上文“the storm showed no signs of stopping”可知，暴雪没有停止的迹象，他们开始感到非常担心。故选A。 【7题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在每个家长都被告知他们的孩子是安全的之后，住得很近可以冒风雪来的人被打电话问他们是否可以帮忙。A. convinced说服；B. promised承诺；C. informed通知；D. reminded提醒。 根据后文“that their children were safe”可知，此处指通知家长孩子是安全的。故选C。 【8题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在每个家长都被告知他们的孩子是安全的之后，住得很近可以冒风雪来的人被打电话问他们是否可以帮忙。A. avoid避免；B. brave勇敢面对；C. escape逃走；D. ignore忽视。 根据后文“bad weather were called and asked if they could help”可知，是指那些人住得很近，可以冒着风雪来学校提供帮助。故选B。 【9题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：很快，一些人带着一袋袋的食物和毯子，设法穿过令人眩目的暴雪。A. attempted企图；B. tended打算；C. managed设法做成；D. happened发生。 根据后文“to travel through the blinding snow, bringing bags of food and blankets”可知，人们提供帮助，带着一袋袋的食物和毯子，设法穿过大雪。故选C。 【10题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：食物不多，但所有的东西都是共享的，没有人感到饥饿，也没有人抱怨。A. failed失败；B. waited等待；C. opposed反对；D. complained抱怨。 根据上文“There wasn’t much food, but everything was shared, nobody got hungry and nobody”可知，but表示转折，说明食物不多，但所有的东西都是共享的，没有人抱怨。故选D。 【11题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：由于一天的紧张疲惫，他们中的大多数人很快就在铺着地毯的地板上睡着了。A. Exhausted使疲惫；B. Frightened使害怕；C. Threatened受到威胁；D. Challenged受到挑战。 根据后文“by the tension of the day, most of them fell asleep soon on the carpeted floors”可知，因为这一天太让人紧张了，所以学生很疲惫，故选A。 【12题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：谢天谢地，第二天早上我们醒来时发现暴风雪已经停了。A. Surely当然；B. Hopefully有希望地；C. Thankfully感谢地；D. Strangely奇怪地。 根据后文“find the storm had stopped”可知，第二天暴风雪停了，这是值得感谢的。故选C。 【13题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着道路上的积雪清除，我们的学生很快就安全回家了，所有的工作人员都松了一口气。A. impatience不耐烦；B. relief宽慰；C. regret后悔；D. surprise惊喜。根据上文“our students were soon safely on their way home”可知，学生很快就安全回家了，所有的工作人员应该都松了一口气。故选B。 【14题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：本可能是一场灾难的结果反而加强了社区和我们学校之间的联系。A. accident事故；B. intervention干预；C. disaster灾难；D. adventure冒险。此处指上文“the storm suddenly became heavier”可知，暴风雪是一场灾难，故选C。 【15题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：本可能是一场灾难的结果反而加强了社区和我们学校之间的联系。A. feedbacks反馈；B. communications沟通；C. frictions摩擦；D. bonds联系。根据下文“between the community and our school”可知，此处是指社区和学校之间的联系。故选D。 Passage 2 （24-25高一上·河南南阳·期中） A Sherpa (夏尔巴人) named Gelje was leading a group up Mount Everest when he saw a struggling climber. They were at 27,200 feet — in the“death zone,” so named because of the severe cold and 1 oxygen. “He had nothing left,” Gelje recalled. “No energy, no oxygen, 2 .” The man was barely conscious, 3 uncontrollably, and his breaths were shallow. Gelje knew that every second 4 , and without immediate help, the man would not 5 the night in the death zone. So Gelje 6 his group to give up the climb in order to 7 the man. With great effort, Gelje 8 the exhausted climber 1,000 feet down the dangerous mountain until they met other 9 _. Over the next five hours, he and the guides 10 carrying and pulling the 175-pound man over rocky terrain and icy surfaces. Their collective 11 and determination brought them to a camp at 23,500 feet, where the climber who was from Malaysia, could finally be 12 by helicopter to a hospital. After 13 , the thankful man shared his experience on Instagram, stating the obvious: Sherpas “never leave you behind.” This heroic act not only shows the 14 and courage of Gelje and his fellow guides but also highlights the close 15 between climbers and the guides. 1. A. rich B. low C. high D. fresh 2. A. something B. everything C. anything D. nothing 3. A. shivering B. looking C. crying D. smiling 4. A. lasted B. passed C. counted D. started 5. A. spend B. survive C. enjoy D. waste 6. A. encouraged B. challenged C. forced D. warned 7. A. guide B. help C. lead D. join 8. A. lifted B. surrounded C. carried D. caught 9. A. visitors B. tourists C. climbers D. guides 10. A. took turns B. took up C. felt like D. went on 11. A. function B. strength C. growth D. quality 12. A. flown B. blown C. shown D. chosen 13. A. falling B. arriving C. recovering D. escaping 14. A. business B. weakness C. selflessness D. happiness 15. A. ties B. aims C. acts D. tests 【答案】1. B 2. D 3. A 4. C 5. B 6. A 7. B 8. C 9. D 10. A 11. B 12. A 13. C 14. C 15. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了夏尔巴人Gelje带领团队在珠穆朗玛峰“死亡区”救助一名濒临死亡的登山者的故事。 【1题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们处于27,200英尺的高度 —— 在所谓的“死亡区”，这里因极端寒冷和稀薄的氧气而得名。A. rich富有的；B. low低的；C. high高的；D. fresh新鲜的。根据上文“They were at 27,200 feet — in the“death zone,””可知，攀登到了如此高的地方，氧气含量会变得很低。故选B。 【2题详解】 考查代词词义辨析。句意：“他什么都没有了，”Gelje回忆道，“没有能量，没有氧气，什么都没有了。”A. something某物；B. everything所有事情；C. anything任何事情；D. nothing没有事情。根据上文“He had nothing left,”可知，当时这个人已经失去了一切求生的基本条件。故选D。 【3题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这名男子几乎失去了意识，瑟瑟发抖，呼吸微弱。A. shivering发抖；B. looking看；C. crying哭；D. smiling微笑。根据上文“so named because of the severe cold ”可知，由于寒冷，他浑身发抖是正常的表现。故选A。 【4题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Gelje知道每一秒都至关重要，如果没有立即的帮助，这名男子在“死亡区”过不了这一夜。A. lasted持续；B. passed经过；C. counted重要；D. started开始。根据下文“and without immediate help, the man would not 　5　 the night in the death zone.”可知，此处表强调时间的重要性。故选C。 【5题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Gelje知道每一秒都至关重要，如果没有立即的帮助，这名男子在“死亡区”活不过这一夜。A. spend花费；B. survive活下来；C. enjoy享受；D. waste浪费。根据上文“Gelje knew that every second 　　 , and without immediate help,”，以及下文“in the death zone.”可知，如果没有立即的帮助，这名男子在“死亡区”活不过这一夜。故选B。 【6题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以，Gelje鼓励他的团队放弃攀登，以便帮助这名男子。A. encouraged鼓励；B. challenged挑战；C. forced强迫；D. warned警告。根据下文“his group to give up the climb in order to 7 the man.”可知，此处为了救人牺牲团队的行程，需要很大的勇气做出这个决定，需要鼓励大家。故选A。 【7题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以，Gelje鼓励他的团队放弃攀登，以便帮助这名男子。A. guide指导；B. help帮助；C. lead领导；D. join加入。根据下文“With great effort, Gelje  8  the exhausted climber 1,000 feet down the dangerous mountain until they met other 9 ”可知，应该是帮助那位男子。故选B。 【8题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：经过巨大的努力，Gelje 带下了这名筋疲力尽的登山者，将其背到1,000英尺下的危险山地，直到他们遇到了其他向导。A. lifted提起；B. surrounded包围；C. carried携带/背负；D. caught抓住。根据下文“exhausted climber”可知，这个筋疲力竭的人不能自己活动，应该是被背下山的。故选C。 【9题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：经过巨大的努力，Gelje 带下了这名筋疲力尽的登山者，将其背到1,000英尺下的危险山地，直到他们遇到了其他向导。A. visitors访客；B. tourists游客；C. climbers攀登者；D. guides导游/向导。根据下文“Over the next five hours, he and the guides ”可知，助力者应为其他向导。故选D。 【10题详解】 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：在接下来的五个小时里，他和其他向导轮流背着和拉着这名171磅重的男子穿过崎岖的地形和冰面。A. took turns轮流；B. took up拿起；C. felt like感觉像；D. went on继续。根据下文“pulling the 171-pound man over rocky terrain and icy surfaces.”可知，伤员的体重大，且路况不好，救援工作需要体力支持，用“轮流”更符合实际情境。故选A。 【11题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们集体的 努力和决心将他们带到了海拔23,100英尺的营地，在那里这名来自马来西亚的登山者终于可以被直升机送往医院。A. function功能；B. strength力量；C. growth成长；D. quality质量。根据上文“carrying and pulling the 171-pound man over rocky terrain and icy surfaces”可知，救援行动所需的体力和努力。故选B。 【12题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们集体的努力和决心将他们带到了海拔23,100英尺的营地，在那里这名来自马来西亚的登山者终于可以被直升机送往医院。A. flown乘飞机；B. blown吹动；C. shown显示；D. chosen选择。根据下文“by helicopter”可知，应该是被直升机飞行转移。故选A。 【13题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：恢复之后，这名心存感激的男子在Instagram上分享了他的经历，说道：“夏尔巴人‘永远不会抛弃你’。”A. falling落下；B. arriving到达；C. recovering恢复；D. escaping逃脱。根据下文“the thankful man shared his experience on Instagram, stating the obvious: Sherpas “never leave you behind.””可知，这名男子只有在身体条件好转后，才能做后来的事情，所以是病情恢复。故选C。 【14题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：不仅展示了Gelje和他同事的无私和勇敢，也强调了攀登者和向导之间的密切联系。A. business生意；B. weakness弱点；C. selflessness无私；D. happiness幸福。根据上文“So Gelje 　6　 his group to give up the climb in order to 　7　 the man. With great effort”可知，为帮助男子他们放弃了登山，还做出了巨大的努力，表现出无私的精神。故选C。 【15题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：不仅展示了Gelje和他同事的无私和勇敢，也强调了攀登者和向导之间的密切联系。A. ties关系；B. aims目标；C. acts行动；D. tests测试。根据上文“Over the next five hours, he and the guides 　10 　 carrying and pulling the 171-pound man over rocky terrain and icy surfaces. Their collective  11 and determination brought them to a camp at 23,100 feet, where the climber who was from Malaysia, could finally be 12 by helicopter to a hospital.”可知，攀登者和向导共同经历生死危机，自然会有密切的关系。故选A。 Passage 3 （24-25高一上·河南封丘·期中） Shanya, a middle school student from California, won a science award for designing a fire detection (探测) system that is better than existing ones. Shanya’s 1 came after a fire destroyed a restaurant in her neighborhood during the summer of 2022. “I had never really 2 something like that before,” she talked about the early morning’s 3 happening at the restaurant, which started in the kitchen. “They had smoke detectors (探测器), yet 4 it still burned down,” she 5 . She spent more than a year developing a fire detection system that could have 6 the fire. Smoke detectors sense active fires from the 7 in the air. Shanya’s thermal imaging device (热成像设备) is 8 to stop fires from occurring. Her system has two 9 , a thermal camera and a tiny computer. The device detects a heat source which has been left 10 for ten minutes and sends a text message alarm. “I had two designs, and my first design completely 11 . It was a really big problem I had to 12 ,” she said. The final device proves useful in speed and accuracy. Shanya wants to bring the costs down to $60 to make it even more 13 than smoke detectors. “Shanya saw a 14 and tried to solve it. That’s what I 15 all young people to do,” said a scientist. 1. A. view B. goal C. idea D. dream 2. A. forgotten B. experienced C. invented D. feared 3. A. exploration B. movement C. worry D. fire 4. A. partly B. obviously C. finally D. luckily 5. A. added B. repeated C. argued D. replied 6. A. improved B. changed C. cleared D. prevented 7. A. water B. smoke C. dirt D. steam 8. A. designed B. forced C. left D. organized 9. A. roles B. points C. uses D. parts 10. A. unknown B. uninjured C. unnoticed D. unprotected 11. A. succeeded B. failed C. missed D. appeared 12. A. go through B. pay off C. give up D. come across 13. A. suitable B. attractive C. affordable D. curious 14. A. plan B. chance C. possibility D. problem 15. A. allow B. encourage C. cause D. order 【答案】1. C 2. B 3. D 4. C 5. A 6. D 7. B 8. A 9. D 10. C 11. B 12. A 13. C 14. D 15. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了来自加利福尼亚的中学生 Shanya 在经历了社区餐馆火灾后，因现有烟雾探测器未能阻止火灾发生，她花费一年多时间研发，最终成功设计出能通过检测被忽视热源并发送警报来预防火灾的热成像设备，她还希望降低成本使其更具普及性。 【1题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：Shanya的想法是在0年夏天一场大火烧毁了她附近的一家餐馆之后产生的。A. view视图；B. goal目标；C. idea想法；D. dream梦想。根据下文“after a fire destroyed a restaurant in her neighborhood during the summer of 0.”可知，Shanya在经历了一场火灾后产生了设计一个更好的火灾探测系统的想法，故选C项。 【2题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我以前从未真正经历过这样的事情，”她谈到了餐厅清晨发生的火灾，火灾始于厨房。A. forgotten忘记；B. experienced经历；C. invented发明；D. feared恐惧。根据下文“something like that before”可知，此处指从未真正经历过像那样的火灾，故选B项。 【3题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：“我以前从未真正经历过这样的事情，”她谈到了餐厅清晨发生的火灾，火灾始于厨房。A. exploration探索；B. movement移动；C. worry忧虑；D. fire火灾。根据上文“a fire destroyed a restaurant”可知，这里说的就是关于餐馆那场清晨发生的火灾的情况，故选D项。 【4题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：“他们有烟雾探测器，但最后它还是被烧毁了，”她补充道。A. partly部分；B. obviously显然；C. finally最终；D. luckily幸运。根据上文“ ‘They had smoke detectors (探测器), yet’”及下文“ ‘it still burned down’”可知，餐馆有烟雾探测器，但是最终还是被烧毁了，故选C项。 【5题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：“他们有烟雾探测器，但最后它还是被烧毁了，”她补充道。A. added部分；B. repeated显然；C. argued争论；D. replied回答。根据上文“ ‘They had smoke detectors (探测器), yet’”及“ ‘it still burned down’”可知，这里她是在补充说明前面提到的情况，即有烟雾探测器但餐馆还是被烧了这件事，故选A项。 【6题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她花了一年多的时间开发了一种可以预防火灾的火灾探测系统。A. improved改进；B. changed改变；C. cleared清除；D. prevented预防。根据下文“to stop fires from occurring”可知，她花了一年多时间开发一种能预防火灾的探测系统，故选D项。 【7题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：烟雾探测器从空气中的烟雾中感知正在发生的火灾。A. water水；B. smoke烟雾；C. dirt泥土；D. steam蒸汽。根据上文“Smoke detectors sense active fires”可知，烟雾探测器是从空气中的烟雾来感知正在发生的火灾的，这是常识，故选B项。 【8题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Shanya的热成像设备旨在阻止火灾的发生。A. designed设计；B. forced强迫；C. left离开；D. organized组织。根据上文“Shanya’s thermal imaging device (热成像设备) is”及下文“to stop fires from occurring”可知，Shanya 的热成像设备是被设计用来阻止火灾发生的，故选A项。 【9题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的系统由两部分组成，一台热像仪和一台微型计算机。A. roles角色；B. points点；C. uses用途；D. parts部位。根据下文“a thermal camera and a tiny computer”可知，她的系统有两个部分，故选D项。 【10题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：该设备检测到一个被忽视了10分钟的热源，并发送短信警报。A. unknown未知的；B. uninjured未受伤的；C. unnoticed忽视；D. unprotected未受保护的。根据上文“The device detects a heat source which has been left”及下文“for ten minutes and sends a text message alarm”可知，该设备检测到一个已经被忽视了十分钟的热源就会发送短信警报，故选C项。 【11题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我有两个设计，我的第一个设计完全失败。A. succeeded成功；B. failed失败；C. missed错过；D. appeared出现。根据下文“It was a really big problem”可知，她的第一个计划完全失败了。故选B项。 【12题详解】 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：“这是我必须经历的一个非常大的问题，”她说。A. go through经历；B. pay off付清；C. give up放弃；D. come across遇见。根据上文“It was a really big problem I had to”可知，她遇到了这个大问题就必须要经历去解决它，故选A项。 【13题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Shanya希望将成本降低到60美元，使其比烟雾探测器更能让人负担得起。A. suitable适合的；B. attractive有吸引力的；C. affordable负担得起的；D. curious好奇的。根据上文“bring the costs down to $60 to make it even more”可知，她想把成本降到60美元，目的是让它比烟雾探测器更能让人负担得起，故选C项。 【14题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：Shanya看到了一个问题并试图解决它。A. plan计划；B. chance机会；C. possibility可能性；D. problem问题。根据下文“and tried to solve it”可知，Shanya看到了一个问题，也就是火灾发生时现有探测器未能有效发挥作用的问题，然后试图去解决它，故选D项。 【15题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：“这就是我鼓励所有年轻人做的事情，”一位科学家说。A. allow允许；B. encourage鼓励；C. cause原因；D. order命令。根据上文“and tried to solve it. That’s what I”及下文“all young people to do”可知，科学家说发现问题并去解决他，这就是他鼓励所有年轻人去做的事情，故选B项。 Passage 4 （24-25高一上·河南九师联盟·期中） On the way home, Corey Widmer found himself stuck in the middle of rush hour traffic. His car had been giving him 1 , so he left work early to drive to an auto parts store to have the battery (电池) checked. But on the way there, it died. “ 2 helplessness, I just thought, ‘What am I going to do?’” Widmer recalled. Moments later, Widmer’s question was 3 . There was a man on the sidewalk. He saw Widmer’s car had stopped and 4 the words, “Do you need help?” After Widmer 5 , the man wove (穿行) in and out of the traffic to get to the car. “As the light turned 6 , he stood behind me and wildly waved his arms, 7 cars to go around me,” Widmer said. The man 8 the traffic and freed up enough 9 for him and Widmer to push the car over to the side of the road. Widmer 10 him, and after saying “You’re welcome”, the man returned to the sidewalk. Before Widmer could think much about it, another car 11 behind him on the shoulder. Inside the car were four or five men, all of them Spanish-speaking. The 12 jumped out. Widmer said, “Though he didn’t speak English, he 13 was asking me if I needed help, and I said, ‘Yes.’” The man got out jumper cables (搭接电缆) and 14 Widmer’s car. “I will always remember that moment. It reminded me to keep a(n) 15 open for those who may be in need of help,” Widmer said. 1. A. time B. trouble C. money D. loss 2. A. Filled with B. Focused on C. Depending on D. Wondering at 3. A. raised B. tracked C. answered D. covered 4. A. forgot B. mouthed C. wrote D. picked 5. A. nodded B. left C. cried D. hid 6. A. red B. dark C. green D. yellow 7. A. training B. forcing C. inviting D. telling 8. A. directed B. followed C. reported D. caused 9. A. hands B. tools C. light D. space 10. A. served B. called C. thanked D. walked 11. A. stopped B. broke C. refused D. fell 12. A. translator B. builder C. policeman D. driver 13. A. surprisingly B. impatiently C. clearly D. sadly 14. A. pulled B. separated C. pushed D. restarted 15. A. bag B. eye C. school D. opinion 【答案】1. B 2. A 3. C 4. B 5. A 6. C 7. D 8. A 9. D 10. C 11. A 12. D 13. C 14. D 15. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Corey Widmer在高峰时段遭遇车辆故障，先后得到两名陌生人的帮助，最终车辆得以重新启动，这次经历让他铭记于心，并提醒自己要帮助他人。 【1题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的车一直给他带来麻烦，所以他提早下班开车去汽车配件店检查电池。A. time时间；B. trouble麻烦；C. money金钱；D. loss损失。根据下文“so he left work early to drive to an auto parts store to have the battery (电池) checked”可知，Widmer提早下班开车去汽车配件店检查电池，由此可知，他的车一直给他带来麻烦。故选B。 【2题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：“我充满了无助，只是想，‘我该怎么办？’”Widmer回忆道。A. Filled with充满；B. Focused on专注于；C. Depending on取决于；D. Wondering at对……感到惊奇。根据下文“I just thought, ‘What am I going to do?’”可知，Widmer完全不知道该怎么办，由此可知，他充满了无助。故选A。 【3题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：片刻之后，Widmer的问题得到了回答。A. raised提高；B. tracked跟踪；C. answered回答；D. covered覆盖。根据上文“Widmer’s question”以及下文叙述的有人出来帮助Widmer可知，他的问题得到了回答。故选C。 【4题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他看到Widmer的车停了下来，就用口型问：“你需要帮助吗？”A. forgot忘记；B. mouthed用口型默示；C. wrote写；D. picked挑选。根据这是在路上的情境，以及下文“the words, “Do you need help?””可推知，这个人是用口型问Widmer是否需要帮助。故选B。 【5题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Widmer点了点头后，那人在车流中进进出出，朝这辆车走去。A. nodded点头；B. left离开；C. cried哭；D. hid隐藏。根据下文“the man wove (穿行) in and out of the traffic to get to the car”可知，这个人靠近了Widmer的车，由此可知，Widmer点头表示自己需要帮助。故选A。 【6题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“当信号灯变绿时，他站在我身后，疯狂地挥舞着手臂，告诉汽车要绕过我，”Widmer说。A. red红色的；B. dark黑暗的；C. green绿色的；D. yellow黄色的。根据下文“he stood behind me and wildly waved his arms, ____7____ cars to go around me”可知，这个人通过挥舞手臂来指挥Widmer后面的汽车要绕过去，由此可知，此时信号灯变绿。故选C。 【7题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：“当信号灯变绿时，他站在我身后，疯狂地挥舞着手臂，告诉汽车要绕过我，”Widmer说。A. training训练；B. forcing强迫；C. inviting邀请；D. telling告诉。根据上文“he stood behind me and wildly waved his arms”可推知，这个人通过挥舞手臂发出信号，告诉后面的汽车要绕过去。故选D。 【8题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这名男子指挥交通，腾出足够的空间让他和Widmer把车推到路边。A. directed指导；B. followed跟随；C. reported报道；D. caused导致。根据上文“he stood behind me and wildly waved his arms, ____7____ cars to go around me”可知，这个人通过挥舞手臂来指挥交通，让Widmer后面的汽车绕过去。故选A。 【9题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这名男子指挥交通，腾出足够的空间让他和Widmer把车推到路边。A. hands手；B. tools工具；C. light光；D. space空间。根据下文“for him and Widmer to push the car over to the side of the road”可推知，在车流中把一辆车推到路边需要其他车腾出足够的空间。故选D。 【10题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Widmer向他道了谢，那人说了句“不客气”后，又回到了人行道上。A. served服务；B. called呼叫；C. thanked感谢；D. walked走路。根据下文“after saying “You’re welcome”, the man returned to the sidewalk”可知，这个人说了句“不客气”，由此可知，Widmer向他道了谢。故选C。 【11题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Widmer还没来得及想，另一辆车就在他身后的路肩上停了下来。A. stopped停止；B. broke打破；C. refused拒绝；D. fell落下。根据下文“The ____12____ jumped out.”可知，另一辆车里的人跳了出来，由此可知，这辆车是停了下来。故选A。 【12题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：司机跳了出来。A. translator翻译员；B. builder建筑工人；C. policeman警察；D. driver司机。根据下文“Inside the car were four or five men, all of them Spanish-speaking.”可推知，从这辆车里出来的应该是司机。故选D。 【13题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：Widmer说：“虽然他不会说英语，但他显然是在问我是否需要帮助，我说，‘是的。’”A. surprisingly令人惊讶地；B. impatiently不耐烦地；C. clearly显然；D. sadly悲伤地。根据上文“Though he didn’t speak English”和下文“was asking me if I needed help”可知，此处是让步关系，应该指虽然他不会说英语，但Widmer知道他显然是在问是否需要帮助。故选C。 【14题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：那人拿出搭接电缆，重新启动了Widmer的车。A. pulled拉；B. separated分离；C. pushed推；D. restarted重新启动。根据上文“But on the way there, it died.”和“The man got out jumper cables (搭接电缆)”可推知，那人是用搭接电缆重新启动作者原先不运转的车。故选D。 【15题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：它提醒我要留意那些可能需要帮助的人。A. bag包；B. eye眼睛；C. school学校；D. opinion观点。根据下文“open for those who may be in need of help”可推知，此处指要留意那些可能需要帮助的人，短语keep an eye on意为“留意”。故选B。 主题02 人与自我 Passage 1 （24-25高一上·河南潢川·期中） Once upon a time, there was a man who worked very hard just to keep food on the table for his family. A few days before Christmas, he 1 his five year-old daughter after 2 that she had used up the family’s only roll of expensive gold wrapping paper. As money was tight, he became even angrier when on Christmas Eve he saw that she had used all of the gold paper to 3 one shoebox. He was also concerned about where she had gotten 4 to buy what was in the shoebox. The next morning the little girl, 5 excitement, brought the gift box to her father and said, “This is for you, Daddy!” Holding the box, the father was embarrassed by his earlier behavior, 6 what he had done to her. But when he 7 the shoebox, he found there was nothing. “Don’t you know, young lady,” he said 8 , “when you give someone a 9 , there’s supposed to be something inside the package!” The little girl 10 him with sad tears rolling from her eyes and whispered, “Daddy, it’s not empty. I blew kisses into it until it was 11 .” He fell on his knees and put his arms around the girl and begged her to 12 him for his unnecessary anger. An accident took the girl’s life only a short time later. It is said that the father 13 this little gold box by his bed for all his life. Whenever he was 15 or faced difficult problems, he would open the box, take out an imaginary kiss, and 16 his daughter’s love. 1. A. praised B. encouraged C. thanked D. punished 2. A. promising B. learning C. admitting D. agreeing 3. A. decorate B. draw C. buy D. measure 4. A. time B. advice C. space D. money 5. A. filled with B. ready for C. different from D. related to 6. A. thinking B. forgetting C. ensuring D. regretting 7. A. closed B. opened C. accepted D. found 8. A. happily B. anxiously C. angrily D. shyly 9. A. hand B. lecture C. solution D. present 10. A. looked up at B. caught up with C. lived up to D. made up for 11. A. empty B. broken C. full D. colorful 12. A. love B. hate C. forgive D. defend 13. A. kept B. observed C. used D. searched 14. A. interested B. discouraged C. surprised D. terrified 15. A. share B. refuse C. remember D. remove 【答案】1. D 2. B 3. A 4. D 5. A 6. D 7. B 8. C 9. D 10. A 11. C 12. C 13. A 14. B 15. C 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了一个父亲在圣诞节前几天，因为错怪了5岁的女儿而后悔的故事。 【1题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：圣诞节前几天，父亲惩罚了自己5岁的女儿，因为他知道她用光了家里仅有的一卷昂贵的金色包装纸。A. praised表扬；B. encouraged鼓励；C. thanked感谢；D. punished惩罚。根据前文“who worked very hard just to keep food on the table for his family”和后文“she had used up the family’s only roll of expensive gold wrapping paper”可知，家境并不富裕的父亲因为女儿使用了家里的贵重的东西而惩罚女儿。故选D项。 【2题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：圣诞节前几天，父亲惩罚了自己5岁的女儿，因为他知道她用光了家里仅有的一卷昂贵的金色包装纸。A. promising答应；B. learning学习，了解到；C. admitting承认；D. agreeing同意。根据语境和下文“ she had used up the family’s only roll of expensive gold wrapping paper.”可知，父亲因为知道了女儿用使用了家里的贵重的东西而惩罚女儿。故选B项。 【3题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：由于手头紧，在圣诞前夜，当他看到她用了所有的金纸来装饰一个鞋盒时，他变得更加生气了。A. decorate装饰；B. draw绘画；C. buy购买；D. measure测量。根据语境以及前文“she had used all of the gold paper”可知，女孩用金纸装饰一个鞋盒。故选A项。 【4题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他也很关心她从哪里弄来的钱买了鞋盒里的东西。A. time时间；B. advice建议；C. space空间；D. money钱。根据后文“buy what was in the shoebox”可知，此处指弄到“钱”来买东西。故选D项。 【5题详解】 考查短语词义辨析。句意：第二天早上，小女孩满心兴奋地把这个礼盒拿给爸爸，说：“爸爸，这个送给你!”A. filled with充满；B. ready for准备好；C. different from和……不同；D. related to和……相关。根据语境以及后文“brought the gift box to her father”和“This is for you, Daddy!”可知，圣诞节前，女儿要送给父亲礼物，所以是“满怀兴奋”的。故选A项。 【6题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：父亲拿着盒子，为自己之前的行为感到尴尬，后悔自己对女儿的所作所为。A. thinking思考；B. forgetting遗忘；C. ensuring确保；D. regretting后悔，遗憾。根据语境以及前文“brought the gift box to her father”可知，当父亲知道女儿要送给自己礼物时，后悔原来对女儿的做法。故选D项。 【7题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是当他打开鞋盒时，他发现里面什么也没有。A. closed关闭；B. opened打开；C. accepted接受；D. found发现。根据后文“he found there was nothing”可知，父亲打开鞋盒，发现什么也没有。故选B项。 【8题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：“你不知道吗，小丫头，”他生气地说，“当你给别人礼物时，盒子里应该是有东西的！”A. happily高兴地；B. anxiously焦虑地；C. angrily生气地；D. shyly羞怯地。根据前文“when he ____7____ the shoebox, he found there was nothing”以及后文“when you give someone a ____9____, there’s supposed to be something inside the package!”可知，父亲很生气。故选C项。 【9题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：“你不知道吗，小姐，”他生气地说，“当你给别人礼物时，盒子里应该是有东西的!”A. hand手，帮助；B. lecture讲座；C. solution解决方案；D. present礼物。根据前文“The next morning the little girl, ____5____ excitement, brought the gift box to her father”可知，父亲说的是给人礼物时，盒子不应该是空的。故选D项。 【10题详解】 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：小女孩抬头看着他，悲伤的泪水从她的眼睛里滚出来，低声说：“爸爸，它不是空的。我向它飞吻，直到把它装满。”A. looked up at抬头看；B. caught up with赶上；C. lived up to不辜负；D. made up for弥补。根据常识和后文“whispered”以及“He fell on his knees”可知，1岁的小女孩抬头看着高大的父亲对父亲说话。故选A项。 【11题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我向它飞吻，直到把它装满。A. empty空的；B. broken破碎的；C. full满的；D. colorful丰富多彩的。根据前文“it’s not empty”以及“I blew kisses into it”可知，小女孩认为自己用飞吻把盒子装满了。故选C项。 【12题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他跪了下来，双手抱住女孩，请求她原谅他不必要的愤怒。A. love爱；B. hate恨；C. forgive原谅；D. defend保卫。根据前文“Daddy, it’s not empty. I blew kisses into it until it was ____11____.”可知，父亲听到女儿的话之后，知道自己错怪了女儿，所以恳请女儿的原谅。故选C项。 【13题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：据说这位父亲一生都把这个小小的金盒子存放在床边。A. kept保持，保存；B. observed观察；C. used使用；D. searched搜查。根据语境和后文“this little gold box by his bed for all his life”可知，父亲一生都保存着这个装满爱的鞋盒子。故选A项。 【14题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：每当他感到气馁或遇到困难时，他就会打开礼盒，取出一个假想的吻，想起女儿对他的爱。A. interested感兴趣的；B. discouraged心灰意冷，气馁的；C. surprised吃惊的；D. terrified极度惊慌的。根据后文“faced difficult problems”和“he would open the box, take out an imaginary kiss, and ____11____ his daughter’s love.”，结合选项可知，当这位父亲感到心灰意冷或遇到困难的时候，就会打开盒子，寻求力量。故选B项。 【15题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：每当他感到心灰意冷或遇到困难时，他就会打开礼盒，取出一个假想的吻，想起女儿对他的爱。A. share分享；B. refuse拒绝；C. remember记住；D. remove移除。根据语境以及前文“Whenever he was ____14____ or faced difficult problems”以及下文“ his daughter’s love”可知，每当他遇到困难，就会想起女儿对他的爱。故选C项。 Passage 2 （24-25高一上·河南南阳一中·期中） I needed to have a new phone installed (安装). An old and 1 wooden desk was in the way, however. The serviceman refused to move it. Frustrated, I whispered “I am woman” as I pushed it aside. I 2 my back pain until he left. It soon 3 , forcing me to have it checked in the hospital. My back was not 4 injured. But there was a dark spot on my kidney (肾), which turned out cancerous and had to be removed. Fortunately, the cancer did not appear to have 5 . Unfortunately, it would not respond to any treatment or 6 . The doctor 7 that I take a cruise (航行) and do anything I had been putting off. He expected the cancer would spread and 8 my life within a year! I didn’t even 9 any of the retirement savings I had 10 all these years. It’s frustrating. But if I had only a year, I was going to make it 11 . I treasured every minute. As the year raced by, I am still 12 . I 13 I still had a few more years, which I marked off by filling them with everything I had procrastinated (耽搁) doing all my life. I volunteered at a zoo, worked as a (n) 14 , and even published children’s books. My “last year” of life continues to delight me, after a quarter century of making sure that every moment counts. Now, I am 15 enough to see my grandchildren and great-grandchildren grow up. 1. A. simple B. heavy C. outdated D. broken 2. A. covered up B. showed off C. looked through D. got over 3. A. faded B. returned C. intensified D. stopped 4. A. mentally B. seriously C. physically D. frequently 5. A. declined B. improved C. cleared D. spread 6. A. protection B. aid C. medicine D. resource 7. A. insisted B. required C. demanded D. recommended 8. A. take B. shape C. rescue D. enjoy 9. A. charge B. touch C. confirm D. declare 10. A. saved B. donated C. spent D. promised 11. A. happen B. last C. count D. exist 12. A. independent B. aware C. awake D. alive 13. A. determined B. agreed C. pretended D. figured 14. A. researcher B. editor C. designer D. doctor 15. A. lucky B. disappointed C. scared D. tough 【答案】1. B 2. A 3. C 4. B 5. D 6. C 7. D 8. A 9. B 10. A 11. C 12. D 13. D 14. B 15. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在得知自己可能只有一年生命后，如何积极面对生活，珍惜每一刻的故事。 【1题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，一张又旧又重的木桌挡住了他的去路。A. simple简单的；B. heavy重的；C. outdated过时的；D. broken破损的。根据下文“The serviceman refused to move it”及“I whispered “I am woman” as I pushed it aside.”可知，这个桌子很重。故选B。 【2题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：我掩藏着背痛，直到他离开。A. covered up掩盖；B. showed off炫耀；C. looked through浏览；D. got over克服。根据前文“The serviceman refused to move it. Frustrated, I whispered ‘I am woman’ as I pushed it aside”可知，作者因为服务员拒绝搬动桌子而很沮丧，所以是自己推开了桌子，作者应该是掩盖背痛直到服务员离开。故选A。 【3题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但很快疼痛加剧了，迫使我不得不在医院检查。A. faded褪色；B. returned返回；C. intensified加剧；D. stopped停止。根据下文“forcing me to have it checked in the hospital”可知，背痛加重了。故选C。 【4题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：我的背部没有严重受伤。A. mentally精神上地；B. seriously严重地；C. physically身体上地；D. frequently频繁地。根据后文“But there was a dark spot on my kidney (肾), which turned out cancerous and had to be removed”可知，作者的肾上有黑点，是癌症，必须要切除，与之相比说明作者的背伤得不是很严重。故选B。 【5题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，癌症似乎并没有扩散。A. declined下降；B. improved改善；C. cleared清理；D. spread扩散。根据“Fortunately”可知，此处指癌症没有扩散。故选D。 【6题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：不幸的是，它无法对任何治疗或药物产生反应。A. protection保护；B. aid援助；C. medicine药物；D. resource资源。根据“Unfortunately, it would not respond to any treatment”可知，不幸的是，癌症对任何治疗和药物都没有反应。故选C。 【7题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：医生建议我去游轮旅行，去做我一直以来搁置的任何事情。A. insisted坚持；B. required要求；C. demanded强烈要求；D. recommended建议。根据前文“Unfortunately, it would not respond to any treatment or ___6___.”可知，不幸的是，癌症对任何治疗或药物都没有反应，所以医生应该是建议作者做一些自己喜欢的事情。故选D。 【8题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他预计癌症会在一年内扩散并夺走我的生命！A. take夺走；B. shape塑造；C. rescue营救；D. enjoy享受。根据前文“Unfortunately, it would not respond to any treatment or ___6___.”可知，不幸的是，癌症对任何治疗或药物都没有反应，所以医生应该是预计癌症会扩散，并在一年内带走作者的生命。故选A。 【9题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我甚至没有动用这些年攒下的任何退休储蓄。A. charge收费；B. touch触碰；C. confirm确认；D. declare宣布。根据前文“He expected the cancer would spread and ___8___ my life within a year”可知，医生预计癌症会扩散，并在一年内带走作者的生命，所以作者没有来得及动过自己的退休金。故选B。 【10题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. saved节省，攒下；B. donated捐赠；C. spent花费；D. promised承诺。根据“the retirement savings”可知，此处指作者攒下的退休金。故选A。 【11题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但如果我只有一年的时间，我一定要让它过得有意义。A. happen发生；B. last持续；C. count重要；D. exist存在。根据后文“My “last year” of life continues to delight me, after a quarter century of making sure that every moment counts.”可知，如果作者只有一年的生命，那么作者要让这一年变得有意义。故选C。 【12题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：随着这一年的飞逝，我仍然活着。A. independent独立的；B. aware有意识的；C. awake醒着的；D. alive活着的。根据下文“Now, I am ___15___ enough to see my grandchildren and great- grandchildren grow up.”可知，作者仍然活着。故选D。 【13题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我想我应该还有几年时间，我用这几年时间去做我一生中一直拖延未做的所有事情，来将它们一一划去。A. determined决定；B. agreed同意；C. pretended假装；D. figured认为。根据后文“which I marked off by filling them with everything I had procrastinated (耽搁) doing all my life”可知，作者用这些年把一生中一直拖延的事情都做了，说明作者应该是认为自己还有几年时间。故选D。 【14题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我在动物园做志愿者，当过编辑，甚至还出版了儿童书籍。A. researcher研究者；B. editor编辑；C. designer设计师；D. doctor医生。根据后文“and even published children’s books”可知，此处表示作者当过编辑。故选B。 【15题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：现在，我很幸运能够看到我的孙子和曾孙们长大成人。A. lucky幸运的；B. disappointed失望的；C. scared害怕的；D. tough艰难的。根据“see my grandchildren and great- grandchildren grow up”可知，对于本来只有一年生命的作者来说，能够看到自己的孙子和曾孙子们长大成人是幸运的事。故选A。 Passage 3 （24-25高一上·河南洛阳·期中） We set off when the fog (雾) is lifting. The little villages are 1 , one by one.“There is my grandmother's house,” I say, pointing to an old house. I am in Nova Scotia with Lise, my granddaughter, 2 roots (根) for her, getting back treasured memory for me. Lise 3 from house to house as other children in childhood. She longs for a 4 of home, and so we have come to Nova Scotia where my husband and I were 5 and where our ancestors (祖先) lived for 200 years. We soon pull up by the house and I tell her what it was like here, the 6 rushing back. 7 , I long to walk again in the house where I 8 . It still belongs to a member of the family, but has not been 9 for a while. We cannot go into the house, but I can still walk through the rooms in memory. Here, my mother sat in the bedroom and sang 10 until I fell asleep. I can still see the family 11 around the house which was full of 12 . Lise listens carefully as I talk and then says, “So this is where I 13 ; where I belong.” She has found her roots. To know where I came from is one of the great longings of the human heart. To be rooted is “to have a(n) 14 ”. We need it. Looking 15 , we discover what is special in us; learn the meaning of “I”. We must all go home again — in reality or memory. 1. A. appearing B. waving C. flashing D. passing 2. A. representing B. keeping C. seeking D. recovering 3. A. removed B. moved C. jogged D. played 4. A. turn B. safety C. power D. sense 5. A. born B. reminded C. selected D. inspired 6. A. responsibilities B. tension C. eagerness D. memories 7. A. Fortunately B. Absolutely C. Suddenly D. Actually 8. A. paid off B. grew up C. kept up D. took off 9. A. lived in B. decorated C. swept D. taken advantage of 10. A. actively B. calmly C. patiently D. softly 11. A. traveling B. working C. gathering D. relaxing 12. A. laughter B. stress C. recreation D. surprise 13. A. expected B. began C. quit D. retired 14. A. dream B. choice C. end D. origin 15. A. forward B. up C. backward D. ahead 【答案】1. A 2. C 3. B 4. D 5. A 6. D 7. C 8. B 9. A 10. D 11. C 12. A 13. B 14. D 15. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者和孙女的寻根之旅，通过这次旅行，作者认识的每个人都渴望知道自己来自何方，找到自我，这样我们可以更加明白“我”的含义。 【1题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：一个个小村庄出现了。A. appearing出现；B. waving摇摆；C. flashing闪光；D. passing通过。根据上文“when the fog (雾) is lifting”提到雾散去了，由此可知，此处应表示雾散后一个个小村庄出现了。故选A项。 【2题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我和我的孙女莉莎在新斯科舍，为她寻根，找回我珍贵的记忆。A. representing代表；B. keeping保持；C. seeking寻找；D. recovering恢复。根据下文“getting back treasured memory for me”提到找回我珍贵的记忆，由此可知，此处应表示作者为她的孙女寻根。故选C项。 【3题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：莉莎和其他孩子一样，从小就搬来搬去。A. removed移除；B. moved搬家；C. jogged慢跑；D. played玩耍。根据下文“She longs for a ______ of home”由此可知， 此处应表示莉莎从小就搬来搬去，没有固定的家。故选B项。 【4题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她渴望家的感觉，所以我们来到了我和丈夫出生的新斯科舍省，我们的祖先在那里生活了200年。A. turn轮到的机会；B. safety安全；C. power力量；D. sense感觉。根据下文“and so we have come to Nova Scotia where my husband and I were ___5___ and where our ancestors (祖先) lived for 200 years.”由此可知， 此处应表示莉莎渴望家的感觉，所以作者他们来到了新斯科舍省。故选D项。 【5题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她渴望家的感觉，所以我们来到了我和丈夫出生的新斯科舍省，我们的祖先在那里生活了200年。A. born出生；B. reminded提醒；C. selected选择；D. inspired激励。根据上文提到的作者为她的孙女寻根，以及下文“where our ancestors lived for 200 years”由此可知，此处应表示作者和丈夫出生在新斯科舍省。故选A项。 【6题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们很快就把车停在房子旁边，我告诉她这里是什么样子，回忆又涌上心头。A. responsibilities责任心；B. tension紧张；C. eagerness渴望；D. memories回忆。根据上文“I tell her what it was like here”可知，作者告诉孙女这里是什么样子，所以是回忆又涌上来。故选D项。 【7题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：突然，我渴望再次在我长大的房子里散步。A. Fortunately幸运的是；B. Absolutely当然；C. Suddenly突然；D. Actually事实上。根据语境以及下文“I long to walk again in the house where I ___8___.”由此可知，此处应表示作者突然想再次在成长的房子里散步，表示回到那里很激动。故选C项。 【8题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：突然，我渴望再次在我成长的房子里散步。A. paid off取得成功；B. grew up长大，成长；C. kept up保持；D. took off脱下，起飞。根据上文提到的作者和丈夫出生在新斯科舍省，以及下文“It still belongs to a member of the family, but has not been ___9___ for a while.”由此可知，此处应表示作者想再次在成长的房子里散步。故选B项。 【9题详解】 考查动词和动词短语辨析。句意：它仍然属于这个家庭的一个成员，但已经有一段时间没有人住了。A. lived in居住；B. decorated装饰；C. swept扫除；D. taken advantage of利用。根据上文“It still belongs to a member of the family”由此可知，此处应表示这个老房子仍然属于这个家庭的一个成员，但已经有一段时间没有人住了。故选A项。 【10题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：在这里，妈妈坐在卧室里轻轻地唱歌，直到我睡着。A. actively积极地；B. calmly镇静地；C. patiently耐心地；D. softly轻柔地。根据句意以及下文“…until I fell asleep”由此可知，此处应表示妈妈坐在卧室里轻轻地唱歌，直到作者睡着。故选D项。 【11题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我仍然可以看到一家人聚集在充满笑声的房子周围。A. traveling旅行；B. working工作；C. gathering聚集；D. relaxing放松。根据句意以及下文“around the house which was full of ___12___ .”由此可知，此处应表示作者仍然可以看到一家人聚集在充满笑声的房子周围。gather around“聚集”，符合句意。故选C项。 【12题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我仍然可以看到一家人聚集在充满笑声的房子周围。A. laughter笑声；B. stress压力；C. recreation娱乐；D. surprise惊讶。根据语境以及上文“the house which was full of”由此可知，此处应表示作者仍然可以看到一家人聚集在充满笑声的房子周围。故选A项。 【13题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：莉莎仔细地听我说话，然后说：“这就是我开始的地方；属于我的地方。”A. expected期待；B. began开始；C. quit放弃；D. retired退休。根据下文“She has found her roots.”由此可知，此处应表示莉莎说这就是她开始的（出生成长的）地方，即找到了自己的根。故选B项。 【14题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：扎根就是“有根源”。A. dream梦想；B. choice选择；C. end结束；D. origin根源。根据上文提到的莉莎找到了自己的根，以及“To be rooted is…”由此可知，此处应表示扎根就是“有根源”。故选D项。 【15题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：回首过去，我们发现自己的特别之处；了解“我”的意思。A. look forward期望；B. look up查阅，往上看；C. look backward回首；D. look ahead展望未来。根据句意以及下文“we discover what is special in us; learn the meaning of “I”.”由此可知，此处应表示回首过去，我们发现自己的特别之处。故选C项。 主题03 人与自然 Passage 1 （24-25高一上·河南顶级名校·期中） Molai grew up in a tiny village in India. The village lay near some wetlands which became his second 1 . He learned the value and beauty of 2 there from a very young age. When he was 16, Molai began to notice something 3 happening around his home. A flood had hit the area earlier that year and the 4 it caused had driven away a number of birds. 5 , the number of snakes had declined as well. He 6 that it was because there weren’t enough trees to protect them from the 7 . The solution, of course, was to plant trees so the animals could seek 8 during the daytime. He turned to the 9 department for help but was told that nothing would grow there. However, Molai went looking on his own and 10 a nearby island where he began to plant trees. 11 young plants in the dry season was 12 for a lone boy. Molai built at the 13 of each sapling(幼树)a bamboo platform, where he placed earthen pots with small holes to 14 rainwater. The water would then drip(滴落)on the plants below. Molai 15 to plant trees for the next 37 years. His efforts have resulted in 1,360 acres of naturally-grown land that has become home to many plants and animals. 1. A. dream B. job C. home D. choice 2. A. nature B. youth C. culture D. knowledge 3. A. precious B. interesting C. disturbing D. awkward 4. A. waste B. tension C. pain D. damage 5. A. Besides B. However C. Therefore D. Otherwise 6. A. agreed B. realized C. remembered D. predicted 7. A. noise B. heat C. disease D. dust 8. A. directions B. partners C. help D. shelter 9. A. labor B. police C. forest D. finance 10. A. rebuilt B. discovered C. left D. managed 11. A. Decorating B. Observing C. Watering D. Guarding 12. A. tough B. illegal C. fantastic D. beneficial 13. A. back B. top C. foot D. side 14. A. cool down B. keep off C. purify D. collect 15. A. returned B. learned C. failed D. continued 【答案】1. C 2. A 3. C 4. D 5. A 6. B 7. B 8. D 9. C 10. B 11. C 12. A 13. B 14. D 15. D 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇记叙文。Molai在印度的一个小村庄长大。16岁的时候，一场洪水导致他的家园遭受巨大损失。树木的缺乏导致这些动物失去了遮蔽物，很多鸟儿离开，蛇类数量减少。Molai决定改变这一切，他经过努力，在附近找到了一个小岛，开始种树。在30多年的时间里，他的努力使1360英亩的天然土地成为许多动植物的家园。 【1题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意:这个村庄位于一些湿地附近，那里成了他的第二个家。A. dream梦想；B. job工作；C. home家；D. choice选择。根据空前的second可知，他出生的村庄是他的家，村庄附近的一些“湿地”成为了他的第二个“家”。故选C。 【2题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意:他从小就在那里了解到了大自然的价值和美丽。A. nature自然；B. youth青春，年轻；C. culture文化；D. knowledge知识。湿地展现了“大自然”的价值和美。故选A。 【3题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意:16岁时，Molai开始注意到他的家周围发生了一些令人不安的事情。A. precious宝贵的；B. interesting有趣的；C. disturbing令人不安的，引起烦恼的；D. generous慷慨的。该段后半部分提到:洪水侵袭，很多鸟儿离开，蛇的数量减少。这些情况都不正常，令人不安。故选C。 【4题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意:那年早些时候，一场洪水袭击了这个地区，洪水造成的损害赶走了很多鸟类。A. waste废物；B. tension紧张；C. pain疼痛，痛苦；D. damage损害，伤害。洪水侵袭这个地区，它会“损害”庄稼、树木，这些都会导致鸟儿们离开。故选D。 【5题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意:此外，蛇的数量也减少了。A. Besides此外，另外；B. However但是；C. Therefore因此；D. Otherwise否则。根据as well可知，洪水不仅导致很多鸟儿离开。而且，它还导致蛇的数量减少。故选A。 【6题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意:他意识到这是因为没有足够的树来保护它们免受炎热的影响。A. agreed同意；B. realized意识到；C. remembered记住，记起；D. predicted预测。Molai“意识到”鸟儿离开、蛇类减少是因为没有足够的树木。故选B。 【7题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意:他意识到这是因为没有足够的树来保护它们免受炎热的影响。A. noise噪音；B. heat热；C. disease疾病；D. dust尘土。根据常识可知，树木可以提供阴凉，从而保护鸟类和蛇类免受炎热的影响。故选B。 【8题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意:当然，解决的办法是种树，这样动物们就可以在白天寻找栖身之处。A. directions方向；B. partners伙伴，合作伙伴；C. help帮助；D. shelter遮蔽，庇护，遮蔽物。树木可以给动物们提供“遮蔽”。故选D。 【9题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意:他向森林部门求助，但被告知那里什么也不长。A. labor劳动；B. police警察；C. forest森林；D. finance财政，金融。根据前一句中的“The solution, of course, was to plant trees”可知，Molai想要种树，所以他应该向“森林”部门求助。故选C。 【10题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意:然而，Molai自己去看了看，发现了附近的一个岛屿，他开始在那里种树。A. rebuilt重建；B. discovered发现；C. left离开；D. managed设法做成。根据前面的”looking on his own”可知，他自己去看，那么接下来就应该是他”发现”了一个小岛。故选B。 【11题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意:对一个孤独的男孩来说，在旱季给幼苗浇水是很困难的。A. Decorating装饰；B. Observing观察到；C. Watering浇水；D. Guarding守卫。该段后半部分叙述的是Molai想尽办法收集水的努力。再结合该句中的“the dry season”可知，在旱季给幼苗“浇水”很难。故选C。 【12题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意:对一个孤独的男孩来说，在旱季给幼苗浇水是很困难的。A. tough困难的；B. illegal非法的；C. fantastic极好的；D. beneficial有益的。根据该段后半部分的叙述可知，Molai想尽办法收集雨水，由此推知，旱季缺水，给幼苗浇水很“难”。故选A。 【13题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意:Molai在每棵树苗的顶端都搭建了一个竹子平台，在那里他放置了带有小洞的陶罐来收集雨水。A. back背部；B. top顶端；C. foot脚；D. side一边，一侧。根据该段最后一句“The water would then drip on the plants below”可知，水滴在下面的植物上。由此推知，竹子平台应该在每棵树苗的”顶端”。故选B。 【14题详解】 考查动词(短语)辨析。句意:Molai在每棵树苗的顶端都搭建了一个竹子平台，在那里他放置了带有小洞的陶罐来收集雨水。A. cool down冷却下来；B. keep off与……保持距离；C. purify净化，使纯净；D. collect收集。根据常识可知，陶罐是用来盛水的。由此可知，他将陶罐放到竹子平台上“收集”雨水。故选D。 【15题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意:在接下来的37年里，Molai继续种树。A. returned返回；B. learned学会；C. failed失败；D. continued继续。根据后一句可知，他的努力使1360英亩的天然土地成为许多动植物的家园。由此推知，在接下来的37年里，他“继续”种树。故选D。 Passage 2 （24-25高一上·河南驻马店经开区·期中） A 60-year-old man and 48-year-old woman didn’t know what would happen to them before their sailing (航海). They are 1 sailors and set out for the sea as usual happily on Monday morning. But in the afternoon, the wind picked up and the 19m large boat 2 up and ran into 3 because it hit something 4 . Unluckily, the boat began 5 water. It was about 130 nautical miles (海里) southeast of Sydney and 250 km offshore of Ulladulla then. They sent out a 6 for help but with no answer. The waves and wind became too 7 to face, too. The sailors tried every possible 8 they could think of to deal with the running-in seawater. Finally, they found the 9 . But they had to 10 wild waves and strong winds overnight. They tried to ask for help at the same time and 11 the rescue (营救) until morning — by which time the boat had run 300 km further away from the coast. However, the 12 were not able to 13 the pair until Tuesday because of the dangerous conditions. The pair were safely rescued 14 after facing wild wind and dangerous waves for more than 18 hours. It is really an amazing story of 15 _. 1. A. expert B. outgoing C. suitable D. graceful 2. A. set B. sped C. packed D. signed 3. A. movement B. source C. view D. trouble 4. A. accidentally B. obviously C. finally D. actually 5. A. focusing on B. checking in C. working out D. taking in 6. A. responsibility B. decision C. track D. request 7. A. normal B. powerful C. annoying D. cold 8. A. suggestion B. object C. strategy D. organization 9. A. solution B. schedule C. application D. event 10. A. brave B. compare C. connect D. control 11. A. designed B. improved C. contacted D. attracted 12. A. juniors B. hikers C. joggers D. rescuers 13. A. choose B. amaze C. reach D. follow 14. A. stressed B. uninjured C. confused D. advanced 15. A. personality B. survival C. sight D. arrangement 【答案】1. A 2. B 3. D 4. A 5. D 6. D 7. B 8. C 9. A 10. A 11. C 12. D 13. C 14. B 15. B 【解析】 【导语】这篇文章是一篇记叙文，讲述了一对夫妇在航海时遭遇意外的故事。他们在海上遇到了困难，但最终在经历了超过18小时的严峻挑战后被成功救出，这是一个关于生存的惊人故事。 【1题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们是经验丰富的水手，像往常一样在周一早晨愉快地出发去航海。A. expert经验丰富的；B. outgoing外向的；C. suitable适合的；D. graceful优雅的。根据下文“set out for the sea as usual happily”可知，他们经常出海旅行，所以是经验丰富的水手，故选A项。 【2题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但在下午，风势增强，19米长的大船加速并遇到了麻烦，因为它意外地撞到了某物。A. set设置；B. sped加速；C. packed打包；D. signed签名。根据上文“the wind picked up”可知，风速增加了，所以船也随之加速了，故选B项。 【3题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但在下午，风势增强，19米长的大船加速并遇到了麻烦，因为它意外地撞到了某物。A. movement移动；B. source来源；C. view视野；D. trouble麻烦。根据下文“because it hit something”可知，船撞到了什么东西，这说明他们遇到了麻烦，故选D项。 【4题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：但在下午，风势增强，19米长的大船加速并遇到了麻烦，因为它意外地撞到了某物。A. accidentally意外地；B. obviously明显地；C. finally最后；D. actually实际上。根据上文“hit something”可知，船是意外地撞到了某物，没有人会故意撞船，故选A项。 【5题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：不幸的是，船开始进水。A. focusing on聚焦于；B. checking in报到；C. working out计算；D. taking in进水。根据下文“the running-in seawater”可知，船撞上了什么东西，所以开始进水，故选D项。 【6题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们发出了求救请求，但没有收到回应。A. responsibility责任；B. decision决定；C. track轨迹；D. request请求。根据上下文“for help but with no answer”可知，他们发出了求救请求，但是没收到回复，故选D项。 【7题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：波浪和风也变得太强大，难以面对。A. normal正常的；B. powerful强大的；C. annoying烦人的；D. cold冷的。根据上文“the wind picked up”可知，风速不断增加，波浪和风也会变得非常强大，故选B项。 【8题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：水手们想出了他们能想到的所有可能的策略来处理涌入的海水。A. suggestion建议；B. object物体；C. strategy策略；D. organization组织。根据下文“to deal with the running-in seawater”可知，船在不断地进水，所以他们想出了所有可能的策略来自救，故选C项。 【9题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：最后，他们找到了解决方案。A. solution解决方案；B. schedule时间表；C. application应用；D. event事件。根据上文“tried every possible strategy”可知，他们一直在找解决策略，最终找到了解决方案，sol$