第18讲 主谓一致-【春季高考必胜】2026年小高考英语总复习 满分冲刺（广东省专用）

春季高考·必胜 第18讲 主谓一致 内容提要 核心语法回顾 专项能力突破 解题综合提升 一、主谓一致三原则：核心规则及示例 主谓一致需遵循 “语法一致、意义一致、就近一致” 三大原则，需根据主语的 “形式、意义、位置” 选择谓语动词的单复数形式。 原则 核心规则 示例 语法一致原则 主语形式为单数，谓语用单数；主语形式为复数，谓语用复数。 1. Tom (单数) is a student. 2. They (复数) play football. 3. Swimming (动名词作主语) is good for health. 意义一致原则 主语形式与意义不一致时，以意义为准（形式单数意义复数→谓语复数；形式复数意义单数→谓语单数）。 1. Twenty days (意义单数，表整体) has passed. 2. The family (意义复数，表成员) are watching TV. 3. The rich (表一类人，意义复数) are not always happy. 就近一致原则 由 or/either...or.../neither...nor.../not only...but also... 连接主语时，谓语单复数取决于最靠近的主语。 1. Neither he nor I (靠近主语 I) am late. 2. Not only the students but also the teacher (靠近主语 the teacher) is here. 3. There is a pen and two books. (There be 句型，靠近 a pen) 注意事项： 1. 语法一致中的 “就远原则”：主语后接 as well as/with/together with 等短语时，谓语单复数与前面的主语一致（如：Mike with his parents is coming.）。 2. 意义一致中的特殊名词：police/people/cattle 等名词形式单数，意义复数，谓语必用复数（如：The police are searching for the thief.）。 3. 就近一致中的 There be 句型：需根据 “就近主语” 判断 be 动词形式（如：There are two books and a pen.）。 二、高频主语类型的主谓一致规则 针对考试中常见的主语类型（如数量表达、集体名词、特殊代词等），需掌握固定的主谓一致规则。 主语 一致规则 示例 数量表达 1. a number of + 复数名词→谓语复数； 2. the number of + 名词→谓语单数； 3. 分数 / 百分数 + 名词→谓语单复数由名词决定。 1. A number of students are here. 2. The number of students is 500. 3. Two-thirds of the water is clean. 集体名词 1. 表 “整体”→谓语单数； 2. 表 “成员”→谓语复数； 3. police/people/cattle→必用复数。 1. The team wins the game. (整体) 2. The team are celebrating. (成员) 3. People like music. 特殊代词 1. each/every/somebody/nobody 等→谓语单数； 2. both/few/many 等→谓语复数； 3. none/neither→可单可复（强调个体用单数，强调整体用复数）。 1. Somebody is waiting for you. 2. Both are right. 3. None of the books is/are interesting. 并列主语 1. and 连接两个不同主语→谓语复数； 2. and 连接两个相同主语（同一人 / 物）→谓语单数； 3. 由 or 等连接→就近一致。 1. The singer and the dancer are coming. (两人) 2. The singer and dancer is coming. (一人) 3. Either you or he is wrong. 注意事项： 1. 学科 / 疾病名词：maths/physics/cancer 等形式复数，意义单数，谓语用单数（如：Maths is my favorite subject.）。 2. 时间 / 金钱名词：表整体时谓语单数（如：Ten yuan is enough.）。 3. more than one + 单数名词：形式单数，谓语用单数（如：More than one student has passed the exam.）。 三、主谓一致常见易错点对比 易错类型 错误示例 正确示例 就远原则误用 Mike with his parents are coming. Mike with his parents is coming. 集体名词意义混淆 The family is watching TV. (表成员) The family are watching TV. There be 句型就近错误 There are a pen and two books. There is a pen and two books. 分数 / 百分数一致错误 Two-thirds of the apples is bad. Two-thirds of the apples are bad. 特殊代词一致错误 Nobody are here. Nobody is here. 注意事项：  遇到复杂主语时，先判断主语的 “形式、意义、位置”，再对应三大原则选择谓语单复数（如：主语后有 with 短语→用就远原则；主语是集体名词→看表整体还是成员）。  不可仅凭主语形式判断：如 “the rich” 形式单数，意义复数，谓语必用复数；“twenty days” 形式复数，意义单数，谓语用单数。 一、单句语法填空：用所给词的适当形式填空 1．The government (launch) an advertising campaign to encourage to vote so far. 2．Thirty percent of air in the city (pollute) so far. 3．You assume that something is true, but sometimes it (prove) to be false. 4．He is a lovable physicist who (involve) in defining the workings of the universe. 5．Over time, it (expand) to include multiple options of soups, vegetables, meats and sauces, appealing to people of different tastes. 6．When (walk) his dog in the park, he came across an old friend of his. 7． (be) either you or I going there tomorrow? 8．It is the parents and their son that (want) to buy the bicycle. 9．The number of tourists (rise) significantly since the new attractions opened last year. 10．Tony with his parents often (go) to the movies at weekend. 11．The satellite as well as other space equipment (transmit) real-time data to Earth for a decade. 12．Dr Smith, together with his wife and daughters, (be) going to visit Beijing this summer. 13．Listening to loud music at rock concerts (have) caused hearing loss among some teenagers. 14．Either you or I (be) going to the teachers’ office after class. 15．There (be) many flowers on sale in the market, but the variety of what he prefers is limited. 二、完成句子 1. 她的优势在于她与其他人有效交流的能力。 Her advantage her ability to communicate with others effectively. 2. 生活中成功的人往往起得早。 Those who are successful in their life . 3. 据说这个传统可以追溯到秦朝，不是吗? It’s said that the tradition the Qin Dynasty, doesn’t it? 4. 很久之前，我的房子前面有一条河。 A long time ago, in front of my house. 5. 据报道，由于砍伐树木，野生动物的生存空间正在减少。（reduce） It is reported that living spaces for wildlife due to the cutting of trees. 6. 他非常渴望找份工作，什么都愿意干。 He a job that he would do anything. 7. 一听到我的话，他立刻受到了激励，决定跑起来。 Upon hearing my words, he and decided to run. 8. 放学后总是有很多作业要做，青少年的压力很大。 Teenagers are under great stress because after school. 9. 这个展览的目的是激发人们对保护中国传统文化的意识。 The exhibition protecting traditional Chinese culture. 10. 未来属于那些坚信梦想的人。 The future those who believe in their dreams. 三、完形填空 Passage 1 Different things usually stand for different feelings.Red，for example，is the color of fire，heat，blood and life.People say red is an exciting and active color.They associate red with a strong feeling like 1 ．Red is used for signs of 2 ，such as STOP signs and fire engines.Orange is the bright，warm colors of 3 in autumn.People say orange is a 4 color.They associate orange with happiness.Yellow is the color of 5 .People say it is a cheerful color.They associate yellow too，with happiness.Green is the cool color of grass in 6 ．People say it is a refreshing color. In general，people 7 two groups of colors：warm colors and cool colors.The warm colors are red，orange and 8 .Where there are warm colors and a lot of light，people usually want to be 9 ．Those who like to be with 10 like red.The cool colors are 11 and blue.Where are these colors，people are usually worried.Some scientists say that time seems to 12 more slowly in a room with warm colors.They suggest that a warm color is a good 13 for a living room or a 14 .People who are having a rest or are eating do not want time to pass quickly. 15 colors are better for some offices if the people working there want time to pass quickly. 1. A．sadness B．anger C．.administration D．smile 2. A．roads B．ways C．danger D．places 3. A．land B．leaves C．grass D．mountains 4. A．lively B．dark C．noisy D．frightening 5. A．moonlight B．light C．sunlight D．stars 6. A．summer B．spring C．autumn D．winter 7. A．speak B．say C．talk about D．tell 8. A．green B．yellow C．white D．gray 9. A．calm B．sleepy C．active D．helpful 10. A．the other B．another. C．other one D．others 11. A．black B．red C．golden D．yellow 12. A．go round B．go by C．go off D．go along 13. A．one B．way C．fact D．matter 14. A．factory B．classroom C．restaurant D．hospital 15. A．Different B．Cool C．Warm D．All Passage 2 I woke up by my dog barking in the early morning. I went outside to find a koala(考拉) at the yard gate wanting to enter. It was the first time that I had 1 a koala in my neighborhood. What a welcome 2 ! I was wondering why he was here,  as koala 3 came down from the trees and didn’t like walking,  either. Then again,  there was 4 eucalyptus(桉树)around. Was he hungry or lost?  Or maybe the bushfire across Kangaroo Island 5 him here? He just sat there,  apparently 6 ,  and sort of looked at me with a look,  like helping me out of my suffering. At a(n) 7 look,  I discovered a long cut at his back with bloods,   8 of attacks or cuts of something sharp in some other way. I rushed into my room and came out with some iodophor(碘伏药水).  It was not a 9 problem as I was a nurse. This poor soul seemed to quite 10 my kindness when I 11 the cut with the liquid. It 12 me that he came to seek my 13 ! After the treatment,  I watched the koala finally 14 in the wild,  hoping he was able to 15 the hard time and live his life as he should. 1. A．caught B．met C．bought D．killed 2. A．chance B．relief C．surprise D．message 3. A．frequently B．slightly C．mostly D．rarely 4. A．some B．many C．two D．no 5. A．pursued B．drove C．followed D．cast 6. A．in pain B．in order C．in comfort D．in relief 7. A．quick B．close C．eager D．anxious 8. A．features B．symbols C．signs D．series 9. A．crucial B．small C．distinct D．tricky 10. A．ignore B．answer C．understand D．anticipate 11. A．touched B．felt C．tapped D．treated 12. A．appealed to B．referred to C．occurred to D．applied to 13. A．help B．advice C．approval D．fortune 14. A．exploring B．rushing C．jogging D．disappearing 15. A．experience B．survive C．escape D．have Passage 3 We had stayed on Elephant Island for only a day, but Shackleton showed 1 concern. He realised many of us were too ill to survive very long without 2 . He 3 to go to South Georgia Island for help. He chose five crew members to join him, me included. As an excellent 4 , I was assigned to guide us across the dangerous sea. We sailed on very 5 seas for days. It was almost impossible for me to navigate. I was only able to use my instruments three times during the 6 . It scared me to think we might sail past South Georgia Island into the open sea where there would be no rescue. 7 , we did sail-off-course for a while, landed on the wrong side of South Georgia Island. My heart 8 . We had to climb over the steep mountains to get help. When we reached the whaling station, Shackleton immediately arranged for a rescue boat to 9 to Elephant Island. However, due to the rough seas, we could not approach the 10 . Shackleton was anxious, but under his guidance, we 11 . We tried for roughly three 12 months to rescue the 22 men. Finally, we made it to Elephant Island and found everyone 13 ! Relief and joy 14 their faces and every one cried with abandon. This was a(n) 15 in my life that I would never forget. 1. A．thorough B．genuine C．envious D．enthusiastic 2. A．recreation B．perseverance C．rescue D．guidance 3. A．resolved B．guaranteed C．endured D．declined 4. A．candidate B．navigator C．advertiser D．motorist 5. A．rough B．damp C．bitter D．cruel 6. A．contest B．voyage C．navy D．campaign 7. A．Unfortunately B．Obviously C．Frequently D．Surprisingly 8. A．persevered B．melted C．hurt D．sank 9. A．submit B．return C．bat D．bark 10. A．cupboard B．island C．furniture D．blanket 11. A．held on B．set off C．caught up D．made up 12. A．recreational B．decent C．cosy D．miserable 13. A．alive B．selfish C．loyal D．qualified 14. A．gave off B．lit up C．cheered up D．kept up 15. A．resolution B．motive C．commitment D．episode 四、语法填空 Passage 1 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The number of visitors to the Antarctic is increasing, according to a report. A visitor to the Antarctic said, “I 1 (travel) to over 50 countries up to now, but when I first landed in Antarctica, I was 2 (astonish) by its beauty.” Tourists were led by a team of 3 (explorer) with rich Antarctic experience to visit islands and other spots. 4 (protect) the environment, they cleaned their shoes before each journey. They 5 (require) to stay at least five meters away from wildlife. Once, when they were on an island, 6 tourist’s plastic bag was blown away by the wind. An explorer battled 7 the strong wind to get it back. He told them that “such a small piece of garbage may kill a seagull or a seal”. Most visitors were between 40 and 70, because youngsters do not always have holidays 8 are long enough to take the 18-day trip. In addition, the tourist companies are expanding 9 (they) market with more products. Therefore, tourists will have 10 (many) choices when they travel to Antarctica. Passage 2 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Traveling broadens the mind. We can learn about new places and people and, in doing so, we learn more about 1 (we). And yet, it’s important that we do not allow animals, nature 2 the planet as a whole to pay the price for our experiences. That’s why we support ecotourism (生态旅游). The idea has been winning popularity since 3 early 1980s. Ecotourism is about traveling in a sustainable (可持续的), kind and thoughtful way. It means 4 (think) about everything about the place we’re visiting: the animals, the environment, and the local people. Sustainable ecotourism tries to reduce the impact of 5 (visitor) on the local environment. For example, one of the key aims of ecotourism 6 (be) to ensure that natural attractions and wildlife remain undamaged for future generations to experience. Slogans (口号) such as “take nothing but memories, leave nothing but footprints” are an easy 7 (introduce) to ecotourism for holidaymakers interested in sustainability. They are only a starting point, however. To realize ecotourism, we need to consider all the effects of our travels, not just the most 8 (notice) ones. Today, many people realize 9 important ecotourism is. More and more people are choosing ecotourism as a way 10 (achieve) sustainability and healthy development. Passage 3 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 On 17 October 2016,  China’s space agency launched the Shenzhou 11 space vehicle 1 (connect) with the Tiangong 2 space laboratory. The vehicle carried two 2 (experience)astronauts, Jing Haipeng and Chen Dong, and took about two hours to complete the docking procedure. The astronauts had many jobs to do during the mission. Firstly, they floated through an 80-centimetre-wide tube so 3 to board Tiangong 2. Once 4 (safe) on board, they waved to the camera, 5 (send) greetings to people on Earth, 6 were watching the mission closely. They also conducted various 7 (experiment) such as growing rice in space. Additionally, they gave 8 (they) medical check-ups to analyze how their bodies 9   (affect) by the space environment.  Jing and Chen finally returned to Earth 30 days later, making their mission the 10 (long) such mission by Chinese astronauts at that time. 10 / 10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $春季高考·必胜 第18讲 主谓一致 内容提要 核心语法回顾 专项能力突破 解题综合提升 一、主谓一致三原则：核心规则及示例 主谓一致需遵循 “语法一致、意义一致、就近一致” 三大原则，需根据主语的 “形式、意义、位置” 选择谓语动词的单复数形式。 原则 核心规则 示例 语法一致原则 主语形式为单数，谓语用单数；主语形式为复数，谓语用复数。 1. Tom (单数) is a student. 2. They (复数) play football. 3. Swimming (动名词作主语) is good for health. 意义一致原则 主语形式与意义不一致时，以意义为准（形式单数意义复数→谓语复数；形式复数意义单数→谓语单数）。 1. Twenty days (意义单数，表整体) has passed. 2. The family (意义复数，表成员) are watching TV. 3. The rich (表一类人，意义复数) are not always happy. 就近一致原则 由 or/either...or.../neither...nor.../not only...but also... 连接主语时，谓语单复数取决于最靠近的主语。 1. Neither he nor I (靠近主语 I) am late. 2. Not only the students but also the teacher (靠近主语 the teacher) is here. 3. There is a pen and two books. (There be 句型，靠近 a pen) 注意事项： 1. 语法一致中的 “就远原则”：主语后接 as well as/with/together with 等短语时，谓语单复数与前面的主语一致（如：Mike with his parents is coming.）。 2. 意义一致中的特殊名词：police/people/cattle 等名词形式单数，意义复数，谓语必用复数（如：The police are searching for the thief.）。 3. 就近一致中的 There be 句型：需根据 “就近主语” 判断 be 动词形式（如：There are two books and a pen.）。 二、高频主语类型的主谓一致规则 针对考试中常见的主语类型（如数量表达、集体名词、特殊代词等），需掌握固定的主谓一致规则。 主语 一致规则 示例 数量表达 1. a number of + 复数名词→谓语复数； 2. the number of + 名词→谓语单数； 3. 分数 / 百分数 + 名词→谓语单复数由名词决定。 1. A number of students are here. 2. The number of students is 500. 3. Two-thirds of the water is clean. 集体名词 1. 表 “整体”→谓语单数； 2. 表 “成员”→谓语复数； 3. police/people/cattle→必用复数。 1. The team wins the game. (整体) 2. The team are celebrating. (成员) 3. People like music. 特殊代词 1. each/every/somebody/nobody 等→谓语单数； 2. both/few/many 等→谓语复数； 3. none/neither→可单可复（强调个体用单数，强调整体用复数）。 1. Somebody is waiting for you. 2. Both are right. 3. None of the books is/are interesting. 并列主语 1. and 连接两个不同主语→谓语复数； 2. and 连接两个相同主语（同一人 / 物）→谓语单数； 3. 由 or 等连接→就近一致。 1. The singer and the dancer are coming. (两人) 2. The singer and dancer is coming. (一人) 3. Either you or he is wrong. 注意事项： 1. 学科 / 疾病名词：maths/physics/cancer 等形式复数，意义单数，谓语用单数（如：Maths is my favorite subject.）。 2. 时间 / 金钱名词：表整体时谓语单数（如：Ten yuan is enough.）。 3. more than one + 单数名词：形式单数，谓语用单数（如：More than one student has passed the exam.）。 三、主谓一致常见易错点对比 易错类型 错误示例 正确示例 就远原则误用 Mike with his parents are coming. Mike with his parents is coming. 集体名词意义混淆 The family is watching TV. (表成员) The family are watching TV. There be 句型就近错误 There are a pen and two books. There is a pen and two books. 分数 / 百分数一致错误 Two-thirds of the apples is bad. Two-thirds of the apples are bad. 特殊代词一致错误 Nobody are here. Nobody is here. 注意事项：  遇到复杂主语时，先判断主语的 “形式、意义、位置”，再对应三大原则选择谓语单复数（如：主语后有 with 短语→用就远原则；主语是集体名词→看表整体还是成员）。  不可仅凭主语形式判断：如 “the rich” 形式单数，意义复数，谓语必用复数；“twenty days” 形式复数，意义单数，谓语用单数。 一、单句语法填空：用所给词的适当形式填空 1．The government (launch) an advertising campaign to encourage to vote so far. 【答案】has launched 【详解】考查现在完成时和主谓一致。句意：到目前为止，政府已经发起了一场鼓励投票的广告活动。根据“so far.”可知，本句为现在完成时，主语为单数，助动词使用has。故填has launched。 2．Thirty percent of air in the city (pollute) so far. 【答案】has been polluted 【详解】考查时态，语态和主谓一致。句意：到目前为止，该市30%的空气已被污染。由so far可知，句子时态用现在完成时，空气是被污染，因此空格处用现在完成时的被动语态，主语Thirty percent of air是单数，因此空格处用has been polluted。故填has been polluted。 3．You assume that something is true, but sometimes it (prove) to be false. 【答案】proves 【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：你认为某件事是对的，但有时它被证明是错的。prove to be证明是、被证实为，句子是描述一个事实，应用一般现在时，主语it表示单数意义，谓语动词用单数，故填proves。 4．He is a lovable physicist who (involve) in defining the workings of the universe. 【答案】is involved 【详解】考查固定短语，时态和主谓一致。句意：他是一位可爱的物理学家，参与了对宇宙运行规律的定义。空格处是who引导的定语从句中的谓语，be involved in是固定短语，意为“参与”，句子描述客观事实，时态用一般现在时，主语who指代的先行词physicist是单数，因此空格处是is involved。故填is involved。 5．Over time, it (expand) to include multiple options of soups, vegetables, meats and sauces, appealing to people of different tastes. 【答案】has expanded 【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：随着时间的推移，它已经扩展到包括多种选择的汤，蔬菜，肉类和酱料，吸引不同口味的人。设空处作谓语，由Over time以及句意可知，句子时态是现在完成时，主语it是单数，因此空格处是has expanded。故填has expanded。 6．When (walk) his dog in the park, he came across an old friend of his. 【答案】walking 【详解】考查时态，主谓一致和省略。句意：在公园遛狗的时候，他碰到了他的一位老朋友。when引导的时间状语从句表示“当他在公园遛狗的时候”，由came可知，从句中时态用过去进行时，主语he是单数，因此when引导的从句是when he was walking his dog in the park，从句中主语和主句的主语一致，且从句中有be动词时，可省略从句中的主语和be动词，因此空格处用walking。故填walking。 7． (be) either you or I going there tomorrow? 【答案】Are 【详解】考查主谓一致。句意：明天是你还是我去那里？根据“going”以及“tomorrow”可知，这里是现在进行时表将来，所填be应是时态助动词；同时结合句子的主语“either you or I”为“either A or B”结构，应是遵循就近原则，be的位置靠近“you”，应是用are，置于句首，首字母大写。故填Are。 8．It is the parents and their son that (want) to buy the bicycle. 【答案】want 【详解】考查动词时态与主谓一致。句意：是父母和他们的儿子想买这辆自行车。句中it is...that为强调句结构，此处是对the parents and their son进行强调，谓语动词与被强调的部分保持一致，the parents and their son是复数，同时根据前文的is可知句子表述客观事实，故使用一般现在时。故填want。 9．The number of tourists (rise) significantly since the new attractions opened last year. 【答案】has risen 【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：自去年新景点开放以来，游客数量显著增加。时间状语 since the new attractions opened last year表明动作从过去持续到现在，需用现在完成时，主语The number of tourists为单数，助动词用has。故填has risen。 10．Tony with his parents often (go) to the movies at weekend. 【答案】goes 【详解】考查主谓一致。句意：托尼和他的父母经常在周末去看电影。结合句意和often可知，句子在讲述一般情况，故用一般现在时；谓语动词与with之前的名词Tony保持一致，故用第三人称单数形式goes。故填goes。 11．The satellite as well as other space equipment (transmit) real-time data to Earth for a decade. 【答案】has transmitted 【详解】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：这颗卫星以及其他太空设备已经向地球传输实时数据十年了。分析句子可知，设空处为谓语动词，根据时间状语“for a decade”可知，动作从过去开始持续到现在，且对现在有影响，应用现在完成时，当“as well as”连接两个主语时，谓语动词的单复数应与前面的主语“The satellite”保持一致，用第三人称单数形式。故填has transmitted。 12．Dr Smith, together with his wife and daughters, (be) going to visit Beijing this summer. 【答案】is 【详解】考查主谓一致。句意：史密斯博士和他的妻子和女儿们今年夏天要去北京旅游。当主语后面跟有together with, along with, as well as, like, rather than, no less than, except, but等连接的词组时，其谓语动词的单复数形式要与主语保持一致。本句中主语是Dr Smith，为单数形式，且根据时间状语this summer可知，句子描述的是将来的计划，be going to结构可以表示按照计划或安排将要发生的事情，be动词用is。故填is。 13．Listening to loud music at rock concerts (have) caused hearing loss among some teenagers. 【答案】has 【详解】考查主谓一致。句意：在摇滚音乐会上听过于响亮的音乐导致了一些青少年出现了听力损伤的情况。主语Listening to loud music at rock concerts为动名词，谓语用三单形式。此处用助动词has和caused构成现在完成时。故填has。 14．Either you or I (be) going to the teachers’ office after class. 【答案】am 【详解】考查主谓一致。句意：下课后，要么你要么我去老师办公室。在either…or…结构中，谓语动词的数由最靠近的主语决定。表示将来，be going to结构中，be需用其第一人称单数形式am。故填am。 15．There (be) many flowers on sale in the market, but the variety of what he prefers is limited. 【答案】are 【详解】考查there be句型。句意：市场上有很多花在出售，但他喜欢的品种有限。分析句子结构可知，此处为there be句型，be动词的单复数形式应与后面的主语保持一致，本句中主语是“many flowers”，为复数形式，且根据后半句的谓语动词“is limited”可知，句子描述的是现在的情况，应用一般现在时，因此，be动词应用are。故填are。 二、完成句子 1. 她的优势在于她与其他人有效交流的能力。 Her advantage her ability to communicate with others effectively. 【答案】 lies/consists in 【详解】考查固定短语，时态和主谓一致。对比中英文句子可知，空格处意为“在于”，是固定短语lie/consist in，句子描述客观事实，时态用一般现在时，主语advantage是单数，因此空格处动词用第三人称单数，故填lies/consists，in。 2. 生活中成功的人往往起得早。 Those who are successful in their life . 【答案】tend to get up early 【详解】考查固定短语，时态和主谓一致。对比中英文句子可知，空格处意为“往往起得早”，“往往做某事”是tend to do，“起得早”是get up early，句子描述客观事实，时态用一般现在时，主语Those是复数，因此tend用原形，因此空格处是tend to get up early。故填tend to get up early。 3. 据说这个传统可以追溯到秦朝，不是吗? It’s said that the tradition the Qin Dynasty, doesn’t it? 【答案】 dates back to 【详解】考查固定短语，时态和主谓一致。对比中英文句子可知，空格处意为“追溯到”，是固定短语date back to，由doesn’t it可知，时态是一般现在时，主语tradition是单数，因此date用第三人称单数，故填dates，back，to。 4. 很久之前，我的房子前面有一条河。 A long time ago, in front of my house. 【答案】there was a river 【详解】考查固定句型和时态。表示“有”应用there be句型，主语为a river，根据上文A long time ago可知，发生在过去为一般过去时，谓语用单数。故填there was a river。 5. 据报道，由于砍伐树木，野生动物的生存空间正在减少。（reduce） It is reported that living spaces for wildlife due to the cutting of trees. 【答案】 are being reduced 【详解】考查时态，语态和主谓一致。对比中英文句子可知，空格处意为“正在减少”，生存空间是被减少，由“正在”可知，句子描述现在正在进行的动作，因此空格处用现在进行时的被动语态，主语spaces是复数，因此空格处是are being reduced。故填are，being，reduced。 6. 他非常渴望找份工作，什么都愿意干。 He a job that he would do anything. 【答案】was so desperate to find/was so desperate for 【详解】考查固定短语，时态和主谓一致。对比中英文句子可知，空格处意为“非常渴望找”，“非常渴望做某事”是be desperate to do，由“that”可知，句中用固定搭配so...that...，“找”是find，“非常渴望找”也可理解为非常渴望得到某物，即be desperate for sth.，由would可知，句子时态是一般过去时，主语He是单数，因此be动词用was，因此空格处是was so desperate to find/for。故填was so desperate to find/for。 7. 一听到我的话，他立刻受到了激励，决定跑起来。 Upon hearing my words, he and decided to run. 【答案】was inspired instantly 【详解】考查时态，语态，主谓一致和副词。对比中英文句子可知，空格处意为“立刻受到了激励”，“激励”是inspire，“受到了激励”要用被动语态，由decided可知，时态用一般过去时，因此空格处是一般过去时的被动语态was/were done，主语he是单数，因此被动语态中be动词用was，“立刻”是instantly，因此空格处是was inspired instantly。故填was inspired instantly。 8. 放学后总是有很多作业要做，青少年的压力很大。 Teenagers are under great stress because after school. 【答案】there is always lots of homework to do 【详解】考查there be句型，时态，主谓一致和不定式。对比中英文句子可知，空格处意为“总是有很多作业要做”，“有”用there be句型，“总是”用always，“很多”是lots of，“作业”是homework，“要做”用不定式to do表将来，是主动表被动，由are可知，句子时态是一般现在时，there be句型中的be动词根据就近原则来确定，即根据lots of homework来确定，homework是不可数名词，因此be动词用is，即there is always lots of homework to do。故填there is always lots of homework to do。 9. 这个展览的目的是激发人们对保护中国传统文化的意识。 The exhibition protecting traditional Chinese culture. 【答案】is designed to arouse people’s awareness of 【详解】考查时态，固定短语和名词。对比中英文句子可知，空格处意为“目的是激发人们对……的意识”，“目的是做某事”是固定短语be designed to do sth.，“激发”是arouse，“人们对……的意识”是people’s awareness of，句子描述客观事实，时态用一般现在时，主语exhibition是单数，因此空格处是is designed to arouse people’s awareness of，故填is designed to arouse people’s awareness of。 10. 未来属于那些坚信梦想的人。 The future those who believe in their dreams. 【答案】 belongs to 【详解】考查动词短语和时态。属于为belong to，陈述事实，为一般现在时，主语为单数，故填belongs to。 三、完形填空 Passage 1 Different things usually stand for different feelings.Red，for example，is the color of fire，heat，blood and life.People say red is an exciting and active color.They associate red with a strong feeling like 1 ．Red is used for signs of 2 ，such as STOP signs and fire engines.Orange is the bright，warm colors of 3 in autumn.People say orange is a 4 color.They associate orange with happiness.Yellow is the color of 5 .People say it is a cheerful color.They associate yellow too，with happiness.Green is the cool color of grass in 6 ．People say it is a refreshing color. In general，people 7 two groups of colors：warm colors and cool colors.The warm colors are red，orange and 8 .Where there are warm colors and a lot of light，people usually want to be 9 ．Those who like to be with 10 like red.The cool colors are 11 and blue.Where are these colors，people are usually worried.Some scientists say that time seems to 12 more slowly in a room with warm colors.They suggest that a warm color is a good 13 for a living room or a 14 .People who are having a rest or are eating do not want time to pass quickly. 15 colors are better for some offices if the people working there want time to pass quickly. 1. A．sadness B．anger C．.administration D．smile 2. A．roads B．ways C．danger D．places 3. A．land B．leaves C．grass D．mountains 4. A．lively B．dark C．noisy D．frightening 5. A．moonlight B．light C．sunlight D．stars 6. A．summer B．spring C．autumn D．winter 7. A．speak B．say C．talk about D．tell 8. A．green B．yellow C．white D．gray 9. A．calm B．sleepy C．active D．helpful 10. A．the other B．another. C．other one D．others 11. A．black B．red C．golden D．yellow 12. A．go round B．go by C．go off D．go along 13. A．one B．way C．fact D．matter 14. A．factory B．classroom C．restaurant D．hospital 15. A．Different B．Cool C．Warm D．All 【答案】 1. B 2. C 3. B 4. A 5. C 6. B 7. C 8. B 9. C 10. D 11. A 12. B 13. B 14. C 15. B 【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了不同颜色代表的感情和意义，以及适用的场所。 1. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们把红色与愤怒等强烈的情感联系在一起。A. sadness悲伤；B. anger生气；C. administration管理；D. smile微笑。根据上文的strong feeling可知anger最合乎文义。故选B。 2. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：红色是危险的标志，如停止的标志和消防车。A. roads道路；B. ways方法；C. danger危险；D. places地点。下文所列举的例子STOP signs和fire engines都属于危险信号。故选C。 3. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：橙色是秋天树叶明亮温暖的颜色。A. land陆地；B. leaves树叶；C. grass草地；D. mountains山脉。根据常识，橙色应是秋天树叶的颜色。故选B。 4. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：人们说橙色是充满活力的颜色。A. lively充满活力的；B. dark黑暗的；C. noisy吵闹的；D. frightening令人恐惧的。下文提到人们把橙色和幸福联系起来，说明橙色是一个充满活力的颜色。故选A。 5. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：黄色是阳光的颜色。A. moonlight月光；B. light光；C. sunlight阳光；D. stars星星。下文提到黄色是令人愉快的颜色，根据常识，可知太阳光的颜色是黄色。故选C。 6. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：绿色是春天草的颜色。A. summer夏天；B. spring春天；C. autumn秋天；D. winter冬天。根据生活常识，春天的草是绿色的。故选B。 7. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：一般来说，人们谈论两组颜色:暖色和冷色。A.speak后面常接某种语言作宾语；B.say后面常接说话的内容；C. talk about 意为“谈论某事物”；D. tell的宾语一般是人。故选C。 8. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：暖色是红色、橙色和黄色。A. green绿色；B. yellow黄色；C. white白色；D. gray灰色。根据上文对黄色的解释，说明黄色属于暖色。故选B。 9. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在有暖色和光线充足的地方，人们通常都想活跃起来。A. calm平静的；B. sleepy困倦的；C. active积极的；D. helpful有帮助的。与下文喜欢冷色调的人相对应，再根据上文对各种暖色调的解释，active合乎文义。故选C。 10. 考查代词词义辨析。句意：喜欢和别人在一起的人喜欢红色。A. the other另一个；    B. another另一；C. other one不可单独使用；D. others别的人。故选D。 11. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：冷色是黑色和蓝色。A. black黑色；B. red红色；C. golden金色；D. yellow黄色。四个选项中只有black可归类到冷色调中去。故选A。 12. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：一些科学家说，在暖色的房间里，时间似乎过得更慢。A. go round到处走动；B. go by流逝；C. go off爆炸；D. go along前进。结合生活常识，在暖色的房间里，时间似乎过得更慢。故选B。 13. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们建议在客厅或餐厅使用暖色是个好方法。A. one一个；B. way方法；C. fact事实；D. matter物质。根据上文，在暖色调的环境下时间似乎过得更慢，说明暖色调是用来装饰居室和饭馆的好方法。故选B。 14. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们建议在客厅或餐厅使用暖色是个好方法。A. factory工厂；B. classroom教室；C. restaurant餐厅；D. hospital医院。比较四个场所，只有饭馆适合使用暖色调。故选C。 15. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：如果工作的人希望时间过得快一些，那么冷色对一些办公室来说比较好。A. Different不同的；B. Cool冷的；C. Warm温暖的；D. All全部的。与暖色调相对立，冷色调适用于办公室，以使人感觉时间过得比较快。故选B。 Passage 2 I woke up by my dog barking in the early morning. I went outside to find a koala(考拉) at the yard gate wanting to enter. It was the first time that I had 1 a koala in my neighborhood. What a welcome 2 ! I was wondering why he was here,  as koala 3 came down from the trees and didn’t like walking,  either. Then again,  there was 4 eucalyptus(桉树)around. Was he hungry or lost?  Or maybe the bushfire across Kangaroo Island 5 him here? He just sat there,  apparently 6 ,  and sort of looked at me with a look,  like helping me out of my suffering. At a(n) 7 look,  I discovered a long cut at his back with bloods,   8 of attacks or cuts of something sharp in some other way. I rushed into my room and came out with some iodophor(碘伏药水).  It was not a 9 problem as I was a nurse. This poor soul seemed to quite 10 my kindness when I 11 the cut with the liquid. It 12 me that he came to seek my 13 ! After the treatment,  I watched the koala finally 14 in the wild,  hoping he was able to 15 the hard time and live his life as he should. 1. A．caught B．met C．bought D．killed 2. A．chance B．relief C．surprise D．message 3. A．frequently B．slightly C．mostly D．rarely 4. A．some B．many C．two D．no 5. A．pursued B．drove C．followed D．cast 6. A．in pain B．in order C．in comfort D．in relief 7. A．quick B．close C．eager D．anxious 8. A．features B．symbols C．signs D．series 9. A．crucial B．small C．distinct D．tricky 10. A．ignore B．answer C．understand D．anticipate 11. A．touched B．felt C．tapped D．treated 12. A．appealed to B．referred to C．occurred to D．applied to 13. A．help B．advice C．approval D．fortune 14. A．exploring B．rushing C．jogging D．disappearing 15. A．experience B．survive C．escape D．have 【答案】 1. B 2. C 3. D 4. D 5. B 6. A 7. B 8. C 9. D 10. C 11. D 12. C 13. A 14. D 15. B 【解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述的是一只受伤的考拉来到作者的社区寻求帮助的故事。作者是一名护士, 为它疗伤, 然后放它回归大自然。 1. 考查动词词义辨析。句意: 这是我第一次在我的社区碰到考拉。A. caught捕捉；B. met遇见；C. bought买；D. killed杀。根据空后的“a koala in my neighborhood”可知, 此处指“遇到”考拉。故选B。 2. 考查名词词义辨析。句意: 多么令人吃惊啊! A. chance机会；B. relief减轻；C. surprise惊讶；D. message消息。根据后面的“I was wondering why he was here”可知, 在社区遇到考拉是令人“惊讶的”。故选C。 3. 考查副词词义辨析。句意: 我想知道他为什么会在这里, 因为考拉很少从树上下来, 也不喜欢走路。A. frequently频繁地；B. slightly轻微地；C. mostly主要地；D. rarely很少地。根据下文“didn’t like walking, either”可知, 考拉“很少”从树上下来。故选D。 4. 考查代词词义辨析。句意: 其次, 周围没有桉树。A. some一些；B. many许多；C. two两个；D. no没有。根据下文“Was he hungry or lost? ”他饿了或者是迷路了吗? 可知, 此处指很少见到考拉的另一个理由是这里没有桉树。故选D。 5. 考查动词词义辨析。句意: 或者是袋鼠岛的丛林大火把他逼到了这里? A. pursued追逐；B. drove驾驶；C. followed跟随；D. cast投。根据上文的“the bushfire across Kangaroo Island”可知, 此处指大火把它“逼到”了这里。故选B。 6. 考查介词短语词义辨析。句意: 他只是坐在那里, 显然很痛苦, 看着我, 好像在让我帮助他摆脱痛苦。A. in pain痛苦；B. in order整齐；C. in comfort舒适；D. in relief如释重负。根据后面的“like helping me out of my suffering.” 可知, 他很“痛苦”。故选A。 7. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意: 仔细一看, 我发现他的背部有一道长长的伤口, 有血迹, 有被攻击的迹象, 也有其他锋利的东西割伤的痕迹。A. quick快速的；B. close紧密的；C. eager渴望的；D. anxious焦虑的。根据后面的“I discovered a long cut at his back with bloods”可知, 此处指“靠近”看考拉。故选B。 8. 考查名词词义辨析。句意: 仔细一看, 我发现他的背部有一道长长的伤口, 有血迹, 有被攻击的迹象, 也有其他锋利的东西割伤的痕迹。A. features特征；B. symbols象征；C. signs标志；D. series系列。根据空后的“attacks or cuts of something sharp in some other way”可知, 此处指有受伤的“迹象。”故选C。 9. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意: 这不是一个棘手的问题, 因为我是一名护士。A. crucial决定性的；B. small小的；C. distinct明显的；D. tricky狡猾的。根据空后的“as I was a nurse”可知, 此处指对作者来说这并不是一个“棘手的”问题。故选D。 10. 考查动词词义辨析。句意: 当我用药水治疗伤口时, 这个可怜的灵魂似乎完全理解了我的好意。A. ignore忽略；B. answer回答；C. understand理解；D. anticipate预期。根据空后的“my kindness”和下文的“After the treatment”可知, 考拉“理解”作者的好意。故选C。 11. 考查动词词义辨析。句意: 当我用药水治疗伤口时, 这个可怜的灵魂似乎完全理解了我的好意。A. touched触碰；B. felt感觉；C. tapped轻敲；D. treated对待。根据空后的“the cut with the liquid”可知, 此处指作者为考拉“治疗”。故选D。 12. 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意: 我突然想到他是来寻求我的帮助的! A. appealed to呼吁；B. referred to参考；C. occurred to想到；D. applied to适用于。固定句式: It occurred to sb. that. . . “某人突然想起”。故选C。 13. 考查名词词义辨析。句意: 我突然想到他是来寻求我的帮助的! A. help帮助；B. advice建议；C. approval赞成；D. fortune幸运。根据上文“ like helping me out of my suffering. ”可知，此处指考拉受伤, 来寻求“帮助。”故选A。 14. 考查动词词义辨析。句意: 治疗结束后, 我看着这只考拉终于消失在野外, 希望他能挺过这段艰难的日子, 过自己应该过的生活。A. exploring探索；B. rushing冲进；C. jogging跑步；D. disappearing消失。根据空前后的内容“After the treatment和in the wild” 可知, 考拉“消失”在野外。故选D。 15. 考查动词词义辨析。句意: 治疗结束后, 我看着这只考拉终于消失在野外, 希望他能挺过这段艰难的日子, 过自己应该过的生活。A. experience经历；B. survive幸存；C. escape逃跑；D. have有。根据空后的“the hard time and live his life as he should”可知, 作者希望考拉“幸存”于艰难的日子。故选B。 Passage 3 We had stayed on Elephant Island for only a day, but Shackleton showed 1 concern. He realised many of us were too ill to survive very long without 2 . He 3 to go to South Georgia Island for help. He chose five crew members to join him, me included. As an excellent 4 , I was assigned to guide us across the dangerous sea. We sailed on very 5 seas for days. It was almost impossible for me to navigate. I was only able to use my instruments three times during the 6 . It scared me to think we might sail past South Georgia Island into the open sea where there would be no rescue. 7 , we did sail-off-course for a while, landed on the wrong side of South Georgia Island. My heart 8 . We had to climb over the steep mountains to get help. When we reached the whaling station, Shackleton immediately arranged for a rescue boat to 9 to Elephant Island. However, due to the rough seas, we could not approach the 10 . Shackleton was anxious, but under his guidance, we 11 . We tried for roughly three 12 months to rescue the 22 men. Finally, we made it to Elephant Island and found everyone 13 ! Relief and joy 14 their faces and every one cried with abandon. This was a(n) 15 in my life that I would never forget. 1. A．thorough B．genuine C．envious D．enthusiastic 2. A．recreation B．perseverance C．rescue D．guidance 3. A．resolved B．guaranteed C．endured D．declined 4. A．candidate B．navigator C．advertiser D．motorist 5. A．rough B．damp C．bitter D．cruel 6. A．contest B．voyage C．navy D．campaign 7. A．Unfortunately B．Obviously C．Frequently D．Surprisingly 8. A．persevered B．melted C．hurt D．sank 9. A．submit B．return C．bat D．bark 10. A．cupboard B．island C．furniture D．blanket 11. A．held on B．set off C．caught up D．made up 12. A．recreational B．decent C．cosy D．miserable 13. A．alive B．selfish C．loyal D．qualified 14. A．gave off B．lit up C．cheered up D．kept up 15. A．resolution B．motive C．commitment D．episode 【答案】 1. B 2. C 3. A 4. B 5. A 6. B 7. A 8. D 9. B 10. B 11. A 12. D 13. A 14. B 15. D 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者随沙克尔顿在Elephant Island遇险，他带包括作者在内的人去求助，历经艰险到南乔治亚岛，多次尝试后救回全员，这段经历令作者难忘。 1. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们在象岛只停留了一天，但沙克尔顿却表现出了真切的担忧。A. thorough彻底的；B. genuine真心的；C. envious嫉妒的；D. enthusiastic热情的。根据后文“He realised many of us were too ill”可知，Shackleton意识到队员们病重，表现出的应是 “真诚的” 担忧，故选B。 2. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他意识到，我们当中有很多人病情严重，若得不到救援，恐怕活不了多久了。A. recreation娱乐；B. perseverance毅力；C. rescue救援；D. guidance指导。根据上文“many of us were too ill to survive very long without”可知，队员们病得很重，没有“救援”就难以存活，故选C。 3. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他决定前往南乔治亚岛寻求帮助。A. resolved决心；B. guaranteed保证；C. endured忍耐；D. declined下降。根据后文“to go to South Georgia Island for help”可知，因为队员病重，他决定去南乔治亚岛求助，故选A。 4. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：作为一名出色的领航员，我被指派带领我们穿越那片危险的海域。A. candidate候选人；B. navigator航海家、领航员；C. advertiser广告商；D. motorist汽车驾驶员。由后文“guide us across the dangerous sea”和“navigate”可知，作者是领航员，故选B。 5. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们在波涛汹涌的海面上航行了数日。A. rough汹涌的，艰难的；B. damp潮湿的；C. bitter苦涩的；D. cruel残酷的。根据上文“across the dangerous sea”和下文“due to the rough seas”可知，海上航行危险，“波涛汹涌的”海面符合语境，故选A。 6. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在整个航行过程中，我仅能使用我的仪器三次。A. contest比赛；B. voyage航行，旅程；C. navy海军；D. campaign运动。根据上文“I was assigned to guide us across the dangerous sea.”此处指航行期间，故选B。 7. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：不幸的是，我们确实偏离了航线了一段时间，最终降落在了南乔治亚岛的错误一侧。A. Unfortunately不幸地；B. Obviously显然；C. Frequently经常；D. Surprisingly惊人地。根据后文“we did sail-off-course for a while, landed on the wrong side of South Georgia Island.”可知，偏离航线、登陆错误地点是不幸的事，故选A。 8. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的心沉了下来。A. persevered坚持；B. melted融化；C. hurt伤害；D. sank下沉。根据上文“we did sail-off-course for a while, landed on the wrong side of South Georgia Island.”可知，偏离航线、登陆错误地点，遇到这样的困境，心情应是沉重的，“心下一沉”符合语境，故选D。 9. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我们抵达捕鲸站后，沙克尔顿立即安排了一艘救援船返回象岛。A. submit提交；B. return返回；C. bat击球；D. bark犬吠。根据后文“to Elephant Island”可知，到捕鲸站后，应安排救援船“返回”Elephant Island，故选B。 10. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，由于海面波涛汹涌，我们无法靠近那个岛屿。A. cupboard橱柜；B. island岛屿；C. furniture家具；D. blanket毯子。呼应上文“to Elephant Island”指靠近那个岛屿。故选B。 11. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：沙克尔顿有些焦虑，但在他的带领下，我们坚持了下来。A. held on坚持；B. set off动身；C. caught up赶上；D. made up组成。根据上文“Shackleton was anxious, but under his guidance”指尽管困难，在他的指导下我们“坚持住”，故选A。 12. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们花了大约三个月的时间，却始终未能成功营救出那22名被困人员。A. recreational娱乐的；B. decent体面的；C. cosy舒适的；D. miserable痛苦的。根据上文“due to the rough seas, we could not approach”和“We tried for roughly three”可知，由于海面波涛汹涌，他们无法靠近象岛，所以三个月的救援尝试应是痛苦的，miserable体现艰苦条件，故选D。 13. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：最后，我们终于抵达了象岛，并且发现所有人都安然无恙！A. alive活着的；B. selfish自私的；C. loyal忠诚的；D. qualified有资格的。根据后文“Relief and joy”最终发现大家活着，脸上洋溢着宽慰和喜悦的神情，故选A。 14. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：他们的脸上洋溢着宽慰和喜悦的神情，每个人都尽情地欢呼起来。A. gave off发出；B. lit up点亮；C. cheered up高兴起来；D. kept up坚持。根据上文“Relief and joy”可知，宽慰和喜悦使他们的脸“焕发光彩”，lit up正确，故选B。 15. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是我一生中永远不会忘记的一段经历。A. resolution决议；B. motive动机；C. commitment投入；D. episode一段经历。根据后文“in my life”可知，作者外出求救拯救队员是人生中难忘的“一段经历”，episode正确，故选D。 四、语法填空 Passage 1 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The number of visitors to the Antarctic is increasing, according to a report. A visitor to the Antarctic said, “I 1 (travel) to over 50 countries up to now, but when I first landed in Antarctica, I was 2 (astonish) by its beauty.” Tourists were led by a team of 3 (explorer) with rich Antarctic experience to visit islands and other spots. 4 (protect) the environment, they cleaned their shoes before each journey. They 5 (require) to stay at least five meters away from wildlife. Once, when they were on an island, 6 tourist’s plastic bag was blown away by the wind. An explorer battled 7 the strong wind to get it back. He told them that “such a small piece of garbage may kill a seagull or a seal”. Most visitors were between 40 and 70, because youngsters do not always have holidays 8 are long enough to take the 18-day trip. In addition, the tourist companies are expanding 9 (they) market with more products. Therefore, tourists will have 10 (many) choices when they travel to Antarctica. 【答案】 1. have traveled 2. astonished 3. explorers 4. To protect 5. were required 6. a 7. against/with 8. that/which 9. their 10. more 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了赴南极游客数量不断增加，游客在有经验探险队带领下参观，注重环保，旅游公司还拓展市场推更多产品，游客选择更丰富。 1. 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：一位到南极洲的游客说：“到目前为止，我已经去过50多个国家，但当我第一次登上南极洲时，我被它的美丽惊呆了。”根据时间状语up to now可知，句子应用现在完成时，主语是I，助动词用have。故填have traveled。 2. 考查形容词。句意同上。空处作表语，表示人的感受，应用形容词astonished，意为“感到惊讶的”。故填astonished。 3. 考查名词复数。句意：游客们由一群经验丰富的南极探险家带领，参观岛屿和其他景点。explorer“探险家”是可数名词，由空前a team of可知，应用名词复数形式，作介词of的宾语。故填explorers。 4. 考查非谓语动词。句意：为了保护环境，他们在每次旅行前都要清洁鞋子。空处作目的状语，应用动词不定式to protect，to位于句首，首字母大写。故填To protect。 5. 考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：他们被要求与野生动物保持至少五米的距离。空处作谓语，句子描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时，require和主语They之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，主语是They，be动词用were。故填were required。 6. 考查冠词。句意：有一次，当他们在岛上时，一个游客的塑料袋被风吹走了。空处泛指一个游客，应用不定冠词，且tourist发音以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a。故填a。 7. 考查介词。句意：一位探险家与强风搏斗，把它拿了回来。battle against/with为固定短语，表示“与……作斗争”。故填against/with。 8. 考查定语从句。句意：大多数游客年龄在40到70岁之间，因为年轻人并不总是有足够长的假期来进行为期18天的旅行。空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词holidays，先行词指物，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词that或which引导从句。故填that/which。 9. 考查代词。句意：此外，旅游公司正在用更多的产品扩大他们的市场。空处修饰名词market，应用形容词性物主代词their。故填their。 10. 考查形容词比较级。句意：因此，游客在去南极旅行时将有更多的选择。根据上文“more products”可知，与之前相比有“更多的”选择，应用many的比较级more。故填more。 Passage 2 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Traveling broadens the mind. We can learn about new places and people and, in doing so, we learn more about 1 (we). And yet, it’s important that we do not allow animals, nature 2 the planet as a whole to pay the price for our experiences. That’s why we support ecotourism (生态旅游). The idea has been winning popularity since 3 early 1980s. Ecotourism is about traveling in a sustainable (可持续的), kind and thoughtful way. It means 4 (think) about everything about the place we’re visiting: the animals, the environment, and the local people. Sustainable ecotourism tries to reduce the impact of 5 (visitor) on the local environment. For example, one of the key aims of ecotourism 6 (be) to ensure that natural attractions and wildlife remain undamaged for future generations to experience. Slogans (口号) such as “take nothing but memories, leave nothing but footprints” are an easy 7 (introduce) to ecotourism for holidaymakers interested in sustainability. They are only a starting point, however. To realize ecotourism, we need to consider all the effects of our travels, not just the most 8 (notice) ones. Today, many people realize 9 important ecotourism is. More and more people are choosing ecotourism as a way 10 (achieve) sustainability and healthy development. 【答案】 1. ourselves 2. and 3. the 4. thinking 5. visitors 6. is 7. introduction 8. noticeable 9. how 10. to achieve 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了生态旅游的概念、目的和意义，强调了生态旅游在可持续发展和健康旅行中的重要性。 1. 考查代词。句意：我们可以了解新的地方和人，在此过程中，我们更多地了解自己。空处宾语与主语we指代相同，作about的宾语，需用反身代词ourselves。故填ourselves。 2. 考查连词。句意：然而，重要的是，我们不要让动物、自然或整个地球为我们的经历付出代价。“animals, nature”和“the planet as a whole”为并列关系，需用连词and连接。故填and。 3. 考查冠词。句意：自20世纪80年代初以来，这个想法越来越受欢迎。表示“在……世纪……年代”，需用定冠词the修饰。故填the。 4. 考查非谓语动词。句意：这意味着要考虑我们正在访问的地方的一切：动物、环境和当地人。mean doing sth.为固定短语，意为“意味着做某事”，用动名词作宾语。故填thinking。 5. 考查名词。句意：可持续生态旅游试图减少游客对当地环境的影响。空处需填名词visitor作介词of的宾语，此处表示泛指，且没有冠词限定，需填名词复数形式。故填visitors。 6. 考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：例如，生态旅游的一个关键目标是确保自然景点和野生动物完好无损，供后代体验。此处陈述客观事实，使用一般现在时，one of+复数名词为固定短语，意为“……之一”，主语是单数，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填is。 7. 考查名词。句意：对于对可持续性感兴趣的度假者来说，“只带走回忆，只留下脚印”这样的口号是生态旅游的简单介绍。easy为形容词，修饰名词，结合an可知空处需填名词单数形式introduction“介绍”作表语。故填introduction。 8. 考查形容词。句意：为了实现生态旅游，我们需要考虑我们旅行的所有影响，而不仅仅是最明显的影响。空处修饰代词ones，需用形容词noticeable“明显的”作定语。故填noticeable。 9. 考查宾语从句。句意：今天，许多人意识到生态旅游的重要性。空处引导宾语从句，修饰形容词important，需用连接副词how引导，表示“多么重要”。故填how。 10. 考查非谓语动词。句意：越来越多的人选择生态旅游作为实现可持续发展和健康发展的方式。名词way“方式，方法”后面需用动词不定式作后置定语。故填to achieve。 Passage 3 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 On 17 October 2016,  China’s space agency launched the Shenzhou 11 space vehicle 1 (connect) with the Tiangong 2 space laboratory. The vehicle carried two 2 (experience)astronauts, Jing Haipeng and Chen Dong, and took about two hours to complete the docking procedure. The astronauts had many jobs to do during the mission. Firstly, they floated through an 80-centimetre-wide tube so 3 to board Tiangong 2. Once 4 (safe) on board, they waved to the camera, 5 (send) greetings to people on Earth, 6 were watching the mission closely. They also conducted various 7 (experiment) such as growing rice in space. Additionally, they gave 8 (they) medical check-ups to analyze how their bodies 9   (affect) by the space environment.  Jing and Chen finally returned to Earth 30 days later, making their mission the 10 (long) such mission by Chinese astronauts at that time. 【答案】 1. to connect 2. experienced 3. as 4. safely 5. sending 6. who 7. experiments 8. themselves 9. were affected 10. longest 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。本文主要介绍了2016年10月17日中国神舟十一号飞船与天宫二号空间实验室对接的任务情况。包括飞船搭载的宇航员、对接过程、宇航员在任务中的各项工作，以及此次任务所创造的记录等。 1. 考查非谓语动词。句意：2016年10月17日，中国航天局发射了神舟十一号飞船，目的是与天宫二号空间实验室对接。已有谓语动词launched，此处应用非谓语动词。根据语境，“发射神舟十一号飞船”的目的是“与天宫二号对接”，所以用动词不定式to connect作目的状语。故填to connect。 2. 考查形容词。句意：飞船搭载了两名经验丰富的宇航员，景海鹏和陈冬，大约用了两个小时完成对接程序。此处修饰名词astronauts，应用形容词形式，experience的形容词experienced意为“有经验的”。故填experienced。 3. 考查固定搭配。句意：首先，他们通过一个80厘米宽的管道漂浮，以便登上天宫二号。“so as to do sth.”是固定搭配，意为“以便做某事，为了做某事”，表示目的。故填as。 4. 考查副词。句意：一旦安全登上飞船，他们就对着摄像头挥手，向地球上密切关注此次任务的人们致以问候。此处修饰介词短语on board，应用副词形式，safe的副词为safely，意为“安全地”。故填safely。 5. 考查非谓语动词。句意：一旦安全登上飞船，他们就对着摄像头挥手，向地球上密切关注此次任务的人们致以问候。已有谓语动词waved，此处应用非谓语动词。send与主语they之间是主动关系，即“他们发出问候”，所以用现在分词sending作伴随状语，表示与waved同时发生的动作。故填sending。 6. 考查非限制性定语从句。句意：一旦安全登上飞船，他们就对着摄像头挥手，向地球上密切关注此次任务的人们致以问候。此处为非限制性定语从句，先行词为people，指人，在从句中作主语，所以用关系代词who引导。故填who。 7. 考查名词复数。句意：他们还进行了各种实验，比如在太空种植水稻。experiment是可数名词，由various（各种各样的）修饰，应用复数形式experiments。故填experiments。 8. 考查反身代词。句意：此外，他们给自己做了医学检查，以分析他们的身体是如何受到太空环境影响的。主语与宾语为同一个人，宾语为反身代词。主语是they，所以用反身代词themselves。故填themselves。 9. 考查动词时态和语态。句意：此外，他们给自己做了医学检查，以分析他们的身体是如何受到太空环境影响的。bodies与affect之间是被动关系，即“身体被影响”，且动作发生在过去，所以用一般过去时的被动语态，其结构为“was/were +过去分词”，主语bodies是复数，所以用were affected。故填were affected。 10. 考查形容词最高级。句意：景海鹏和陈冬最终在30天后返回地球，使他们的任务成为当时中国宇航员执行的时间最长的此类任务。根据“the”及“at that time”可知，此处应用形容词最高级，表示“最长的”，long的最高级为longest。故填longest。 1 / 21 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $