第17讲 名词性从句-【春季高考必胜】2026年小高考英语总复习 满分冲刺（广东省专用）

春季高考·必胜 第17讲 名词性从句 内容提要 核心语法回顾 专项能力突破 解题综合提升 一、主语从句与宾语从句：核心用法及结构 主语从句和宾语从句均属于名词性从句，分别在句中充当 “主语” 和 “宾语”，需重点掌握引导词选择、时态呼应及特殊结构（如形式主语 / 宾语）。 类型 核心特征 引导词分类及示例 特殊规则 主语从句 位于句首作主语，或用 it 作形式主语（避免头重脚轻） 1. 连词：that（无义）、whether（是否） 例：That he came late surprised us. 2. 连接代词：what（什么）、who（谁） 例：What she said is true. 3. 连接副词：when（何时）、how（如何） 例：How to solve it is a problem. 1. 形式主语结构：It is + adj./n. + that 从句（如：It is clear that he is right.） 2. 不可用 if 引导主语从句（需用 whether）。 宾语从句 位于动词 / 介词后作宾语 1. 连词：that（可省略）、if/whether（是否） 例：I know that he is busy. 2. 连接代词：what（什么）、which（哪个） 例：She asked what I wanted. 3. 连接副词：where（哪里）、why（为什么） 例：He told me why he was late. 1. 时态呼应：主句为过去时，从句用相应过去时态（客观真理除外） 2. 语序：陈述语序（引导词 + 主语 + 谓语） 3. 否定前移：主句主语为第一人称且谓语为 think/believe 时，否定转移至主句（如：I don’t think he is right.）。 注意事项： 1. 主语从句的形式主语：当从句较长时，必须用 it 作形式主语（错误：That he is late is clear. 正确：It is clear that he is late.）。 2. 宾语从句的 if 与 whether：whether 可与 or not 连用、位于介词后或接 to do，if 不可（如：I wonder whether to go or not.）。 3. 时态例外：宾语从句表客观真理时，无论主句时态如何，均用一般现在时（如：He said the earth goes around the sun.）。 二、表语从句与同位语从句：核心用法及结构 表语从句和同位语从句分别在句中充当 “表语” 和 “同位语”，需重点区分表语从句的固定句型及同位语从句的先行词特征。 类型 核心特征 引导词分类及示例 特殊规则 表语从句 位于系动词后，说明主语的性质 / 状态 1. 连词：that（无义）、whether（是否）、as if（好像） 例：The fact is that he lied. 2. 连接代词：what（什么）、who（谁） 例：My worry is what he will do. 3. 连接副词：why（为什么）、how（如何） 例：That is why he was late. 1. 固定句型： - That is why...（这就是为什么...） - The reason is that...（原因是...） 2. 不可用 if 引导表语从句（需用 whether）。 同位语从句 位于名词后，补充说明先行词的具体内容 1. 常见先行词：fact（事实）、news（消息）、suggestion（建议） 2. 引导词：that（最常用）、whether、when 例：The news that he won surprised us. 例：I have a doubt whether he will come. 1. 先行词为 “建议 / 要求 / 命令”（suggestion/order）时，从句用 “should + 动词原形”（should 可省略） 例：My suggestion is that we (should) start early. 2. 与定语从句的区别：同位语从句中 that 无意义且不做成分，定语从句中 that 做成分（如：The news that he told me is true. 定语从句，that 作宾语）。 注意事项： 1. 表语从句的系动词：除 be 动词外，look、seem、become 等系动词后也可接表语从句（如：It seems that he is ill.）。 2. 同位语从句的 that 不可省略：即使 that 不做成分，也不能省略（错误：The fact he lied is true. 正确：The fact that he lied is true.）。 3. 先行词的限定：同位语从句的先行词多为抽象名词（如 idea、belief），普通名词后一般不接同位语从句。 三、名词性从句的核心共性与易错点 四类名词性从句在引导词、语序等方面存在共性，同时也有易混淆的细节，需重点掌握。 （1）核心共性 1. 引导词共性：均可用 that、whether、连接代词（what/who）、连接副词（when/how）引导，具体根据从句是否缺成分及语义选择。 2. 语序共性：均需用陈述语序（引导词 + 主语 + 谓语），不可用疑问语序（错误：I don’t know what is he doing. 正确：I don’t know what he is doing.）。 （2）常见易错点对比 易错类型 错误示例 正确示例 主语从句缺形式主语 That he is late is clear. It is clear that he is late. if 与 whether 混淆 I wonder if to go or not. I wonder whether to go or not. 宾语从句否定未前移 I think he won’t come. I don’t think he will come. 同位语从句 that 省略 The news he won is true. The news that he won is true. 表语从句固定句型错误 The reason is because he lied. The reason is that he lied. 注意事项： 连接代词与连接副词的区分：连接代词（what/who）在从句中作主语 / 宾语 / 定语，连接副词（when/how）作状语（如：What he said is true. 作宾语；When he will come is unknown. 作状语）。 避免重复：表语从句中 “The reason is that...” 不可用 because 替换 that（because 表原因，与 reason 重复）。 一、单句语法填空：在空格处填入一个适当的单词 1．I noticed for the first time old Mama and Papa looked. 【答案】how 【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：我第一次注意到爸爸妈妈看起来有多老。空处引导宾语从句，修饰形容词old用how。故填how。 2．“The most important thing is we should live fully.” 【答案】that 【详解】考查连接词。句意：最重要的是我们应该充分生活。空处为表语从句，句意和句子结构完整，连接词为that。故填that。 3． we need to do is be prepared and take immediate action to ensure everyone’s safety. 【答案】What 【详解】考查主语从句引导词。句意：我们需要做的是做好准备，立即采取行动，确保每个人的安全。“______ we need to do”为主语从句，从句中动词“do”缺少宾语，表示“（需要做的）事情”，用连接代词what作引导词；句首单词首字母大写。故填What。 4．There is some doubt he can win the first prize. 【答案】whether 【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：他能否获得一等奖还有些疑问。空格处引导的是同位语从句，从句中不缺主语或宾语，句子表示“他能否获得一等奖还有些疑问”，空格处意为“能否”，用whether，故填whether。 5． the earth goes around the sun is known to us all. 【答案】That 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：我们都知道地球绕着太阳转。此处为主语从句的引导词，空后的句子the earth goes around the sun结构完整，应用引导词that，空处位于句首，首字母需大写。故填That。 6．The photograph will show you our village looks like. 【答案】what 【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：这张照片将会给你展示我们村庄的面貌。分析句子可知，此处引导宾语从句，从句中缺少like的宾语，表示“什么样子”，故用what来引导。故填what。 7．One thing to consider is you can turn to for help when you are in trouble. 【答案】who/whom 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：需要考虑的一点是，当你遇到困难时，你可以向谁寻求帮助。引导表语从句，从句缺少宾语，指人，故填who/whom。 8．The question is will be the lucky dog for the job at the famous company. 【答案】who 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：问题是谁会成为这家著名公司这份工作的幸运儿。空处引导表语从句，从句中缺少主语，且指代“人”，表示“谁”，应用连接代词who。故填who。 9．Reading is of great importance. That’s World Book Day came into being. 【答案】why 【详解】考查表语从句。句意：阅读很重要。这就是为什么人们要设立“世界读书日”。此处为固定句式“that’s why+事情的结果”，表示“这就是为什么……”，why引导表语从句。故填why。 10．Word came their hard work paid off and they won first prize. 【答案】that 【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：消息传来，他们的努力得到了回报，他们获得了一等奖。空处引导同位语从句，解释抽象名词word的具体内容；从句不缺成分，且语义完整，故使用引导词that。故填that。 11．I really want to know you manage to keep the place so tidy while being so busy. 【答案】how 【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：我真的很想知道你是怎么在这么忙的同时把这个地方保持得这么整洁的。设空处引导宾语从句，从句缺少方式状语，故用how引导该从句。故填how。 12．It seems though he knew everything. 【答案】as 【详解】考查连词。句意：他似乎什么都知道。It seems as though...是固定句型，意为“似乎……，好像……”，其中as though引导表语从句。故填as。 13．There is no doubt hard work leads to success in the long term. 【答案】that 【详解】考查同位语从句和固定句型。句意：毫无疑问，从长远来看，努力工作会带来成功。引导同位语从句，从句句意、结构完整，用连接词that引导；There is no doubt that...是固定句型，意为“毫无疑问……”。故填that。 14．People used to hold the belief the Earth was flat. 【答案】that 【详解】考查同位语从句。句意：人们过去常认为地球是平的。空格前的the belief是名词，后面the Earth was flat是一个完整的句子，用于具体解释belief的内容，这种修饰、说明名词内容的从句为同位语从句。从句不缺成分，句意完整，用that引导。故填that。 15． made me happy was that he was made monitor. 【答案】What 【详解】考查主语从句。句意：让我高兴的是他被选为班长了。“____ made me happy”是主语从句，缺少主语，且该主语指代的是“he was made monitor”这件事，因此需要用连接代词What来引导主语从句，句首单词首字母需大写，故填What。 二、完成句子 1. there has been a big earthquake in Japan. 据说日本发生了一次大地震。 【答案】It is said that 【详解】考查固定句型。对比中英文句子可知，空格处意为“据说”，是固定句型It is said that...，其中It是形式主语，that引导的是主语从句，故填It is said that。 2. 我觉得所有的东西都会消失在窗帘后面。 all the things would disappear behind the curtains. 【答案】It seemed to me that 【详解】考查固定句型，主语从句和时态。对比中英文句子可知，空格处意为“我觉得”，是固定句型It seemed/seems to me that...，其中It是形式主语，that从句是主语从句，由would可知，句子时态是一般过去时，因此空格处是It seemed to me that。故填It seemed to me that。 3. 我认为上沈老师的课我是不会感到厌倦的。 I I will be bored in Ms Shen’s class. 【答案】 don't think 【详解】考查宾语从句的否定前移。分析句子结构可知，think后接宾语从句时，其否定需要否定前移，意为“我认为......不......”，主语为第一人称，且该句陈述一般事实，因此需使用一般现在时。故填①don't；②think。 4. 事实是现在很多年轻人正在大城市寻找发财的机会。(表语从句) nowadays many young people are seeking their fortune in big cities. 【答案】The fact is that 【详解】考查表语从句。表示“事实是……”应用The fact is that，that引导表语从句，描述客观情况，为一般现在时。故填The fact is that。 5. 据报道,新冠病毒导致了全球肺炎的爆发。 As is reported, the novel coronavirus is the global outbreak of pneumonia. 【答案】 what caused 【详解】考查表语从句。is后接表语从句，从句缺少主语，且意义为“……的事物”，用what充当主语，导致为cause，描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时。故填what caused。 6. The truth was the water from the Broad Street pump had been infected by waste.   事实是，布罗德街水泵的水被废物污染了。 【答案】that 【详解】考查表语从句。分析句子结构可知，本空引导表语从句，从句不缺少成分且意义完整，应用that引导。故填that。 7. I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week. This is I had a few days off. 上星期我开车去珠海看航展。这就是为什么我休息了几天。 【答案】why 【详解】考查表语从句。分析句子结构可知，本空引导表语从句，空格处应表达“为什么”，应用why引导。故填why。 8. He was late today. This is he got up late. 他今天迟到了。这是因为他起晚了。 【答案】because 【详解】考查表语从句。分析句子结构可知，本空引导表语从句，空格处应表达“因为”，应用because引导。故填because。 9. It never me that perhaps he was lying. 我从没想到过他可能是在说谎。 【答案】 occurred to 【详解】考查句型和时态。对比中英文句子可知，空格处意为“想到”，是occur to，It occurs/occurred to sb. that...是固定句型，意为“某人突然想到”，其中it是形式主语，that引导的是主语从句，由was可知，句子时态是一般过去时，因此空格处用过去式occurred，故填occurred，to。 10. 我很荣幸地通知你，在这次比赛中你获得第一名。(inform) I have the honour you have won the first prize in the competition. 【答案】to inform you that 【详解】考查动词不定式，动词固定结构。根据汉语提示，设空处对应“通知你”，同时结合空后为从句（从句意义完整，不缺成分）可知，这里用动词短语“inform sb. that…”，意为“告知/通知某人某事”，即“inform you that”。且空前结构为“have the honor to do…”，不定式结构作定语。因此，所填应是不定式形式，需在动词前加不定式符号“to”。故填to inform you that。 11. 微笑的好处在于它不仅能让我们快乐，还能取悦他人。 The advantage of smiling is but also please others. 【答案】that it can not only make us happy 【详解】考查表语从句，固定搭配，时态，情态动词和主谓一致。对比中英文句子可知，空格处意为“它不仅能让我们快乐”，由but also可知，“不仅”是not only，not only...but also...是固定搭配，意为“不仅……而且……”，“它”是it，“能”是can，是情态动词，其后跟动词原形，“让我们快乐”是make us happy，“它不仅能让我们快乐”是it can not only make us happy，是表语从句，从句中不缺成分，且句子意思完整，因此用that来引导，因此空格处是that it can not only make us happy。故填that it can not only make us happy。 12. 他假装不在乎，但我知道他在乎。 He , but I knew he did. 【答案】pretended that he didn’t care 【详解】考查动词、宾语从句和时态。表示“假装”的英语是动词pretend；用作主句谓语动词，根据后面的knew可知，应使用一般过去时；“在乎”使用动词care，“他不在乎”使用宾语从句的形式，主句是一般过去时，从句时态意思一般过去时，从句可以写成that he didn’t care，故填pretended that he didn’t care。 13. the machine should be repaired. 建议把这台机器修理一下。 【答案】It is recommended that 【详解】考查固定句型和主语从句。对比中英文句子可知，空格处意为“建议”，“the machine should be repaired”是一个句子，因此“建议”用固定句型It is recommended that，其中it是形式主语，that引导的是主语从句。句首字母大写，故填It is recommended that。 14. 我突然意识到，只有齐心协力、不懈努力，我们才能渡过难关。 It only with joint and tireless efforts, can we get through the difficulties. 【答案】 hit/struck me that 【详解】考查固定句型和时态。对比中英文句子可知，空格处意为“我突然意识到”，是固定句型It hit/hits/strikes/struck me that...，其中it是形式主语，that引导的是主语从句，句子描述过去的事情，时态用一般过去时，因此空格处分别是hit/struck，me，that。故填hit/struck，me，that。 15. 汤姆今天早晨睡过头了。那是他上班迟到的原因。（That’s why...） Tom overslept this morning. he was late for work. 【答案】That is why 【详解】考查固定句型和表语从句。对比中英文句子可知，空格处意为“那是……的原因”，用固定句型That is why，why引导的是表语从句，位于句首的单词首字母大写，故填That is why。 三、完形填空 Passage 1 Derek Rabelo was born in Brazil in 1992. His father called him Derek after a famous 1 star, Derek Ho. Derek’s father wanted Derek to become a surfer, too, 2 there was a problem: unfortunately, Derek was born 3 . His father’s dream to see his son surf seemed 4 ! When Derek was 17, his father told him about his 5 . From that moment on, Derek tried his best to become a surfer. He went to the 6 every day and started taking surfing 7 with a coach. Derek kept trying and 8 , he learned to surf. Derek explains that 9 he can’t see, he understands the noises that the waves make and can 10 them when they are coming. He says every part of a wave makes a different noise, 11 he knows which direction to surf in. In 2012, he flew to Hawaii to surf one of the most challenging and dangerous 12 in the world. Local surfers were very 13 to see the confident young man surf the huge wave with no problem 14 . A film producer decided to make a film about him. Beyond Sight tells Derek’s inspirational story and teaches us that nothing is impossible if you 15 yourself! 1. A．swimming B．surfing C．film D．pop 2. A．however B．and C．so D．but 3. A．poor B．weak C．blind D．deaf 4. A．necessary B．real C．impossible D．proper 5. A．story B．advice C．truth D．dream 6. A．river B．beach C．water D．wave 7. A．lessons B．matches C．photos D．exams 8. A．instead B．usually C．still D．finally 9. A．although B．unless C．when D．before 10. A．see B．touch C．hear D．taste 11. A．or B．so C．but D．for 12. A．waves B．beaches C．islands D．sports 13. A．sorry B．worried C．scared D．surprised 14. A．after all B．at all C．at the same time D．from time to time 15. A．deal with B．depend on C．believe in D．look after 【答案】 1. B 2. D 3. C 4. C 5. D 6. B 7. A 8. D 9. A 10. C 11. B 12. A 13. D 14. B 15. C 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Derek Rabelo虽然天生失明，但是凭借努力和自信最终成功成为了一名冲浪者的故事。 1. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的父亲以著名的冲浪明星霍德瑞克的名字给他取名德瑞克。A. swimming游泳；B. surfing冲浪；C. film电影；D. pop流行音乐。根据后文“Derek’s father wanted Derek to become a surfer, too(德里克的父亲也希望德瑞克成为一名冲浪者)”可知，他的父亲以著名的冲浪明星霍德瑞克的名字给他取名德瑞克。故选B。 2. 考查连词词义辨析。句意：德瑞克的父亲也希望德瑞克成为一名冲浪者，但有一个问题：不幸的是，德瑞克天生失明。A. however然而；B. and和；C. so所以；D. but但是。根据后文“unfortunately, Derek was born 3 (不幸的是，德瑞克天生失明)”可知，前后内容为转折关系，应用转折连词but。故选D。 3. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：德瑞克的父亲也希望德瑞克成为一名冲浪者，但有一个问题：不幸的是，德瑞克天生失明。A. poor贫穷的；B. weak虚弱的；C. blind失明的；D. deaf聋的。根据后文“he can’t see(他看不见)”可知，德瑞克天生失明，看不见。故选C。 4. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他父亲想看儿子冲浪的梦想似乎不可能实现！A. necessary必要的；B. real真的；C. impossible不可能的；D. proper合适的。上文提到德瑞克天生失明，所以他父亲想看儿子冲浪的梦想似乎不可能实现。故选C。 5. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：德瑞克17岁的时候，他的父亲告诉他他的梦想。A. story故事；B. advice建议；C. truth真相；D. dream梦想。呼应上文“His father’s dream(他父亲的梦想)”，此处指父亲告诉儿子他的梦想。故选D。 6. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他每天都去海滩，并开始跟着教练上冲浪课。A. river河流；B. beach海滩；C.water水；D. wave浪。根据上文“From that moment on, Derek tried his best to become a surfer.(从那一刻起，德瑞克努力成为一名冲浪者)”可知，此处指每天都去海滩。故选B。 7. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他每天都去海滩，并开始跟着教练上冲浪课。A. lessons课程；B. matches比赛；C. photos照片；D. exams考试。根据后文“he learned to surf.(他学会了冲浪)”可知，德瑞克开始跟着教练上冲浪课。故选A。 8. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：德瑞克不断尝试，最后，他学会了冲浪。A. instead相反；B. usually通常；C. still仍然；D. finally最后。根据后文“he learned to surf(他学会了冲浪)”可知，德瑞克不断尝试，最后，他学会了冲浪。故选D。 9. 考查连接词词义辨析。句意：德瑞克解释说，虽然他看不见，但他能理解海浪发出的声音，并且在海浪来的时候能听到。A. although虽然；B. unless除非；C. when当……时候；D. before在……之前。此处为转折关系，表示“虽然”，应用although引导让步状语从句，应用although。故选A。 10. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：德瑞克解释说，虽然他看不见，但他能理解海浪发出的声音，并且在海浪来的时候能听到。A. see看见；B. touch触动；C. hear听见；D. taste品尝。根据上文“he can’t see, he understands the noises that the waves make(但他能理解海浪发出的声音，并且在海浪来的时候)”可知，他看不见但是可以听见海浪的声音。故选C。 11. 考查连词词义辨析。句意：他说，海浪的每个部分都会发出不同的声音，所以他知道冲浪的方向。A. or或者；B. so所以；C. but但是；D. for因为。结合前后文语境可知为因果关系，应用连词so。故选B。 12. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：2012年，他飞往夏威夷，在世界上最具挑战性和最危险的海浪之一冲浪。A. waves海浪；B. beaches海滩；C. islands岛；D. sports运动。呼应后文“surf the huge wave(冲巨大的浪)”可知，此处指夏威夷的海浪很危险。故选A。 13. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当地的冲浪者非常惊讶地看到这个自信的年轻人在巨大的海浪中毫无问题地冲浪。A. sorry抱歉的；B. worried担心的；C. scared害怕的；D. surprised惊讶的。根据后文“to see the confident young man surf the huge wave with no problem(看到这个自信的年轻人在巨浪中毫无问题地冲浪)”可知，冲浪者看到盲人冲浪很惊讶。故选D。 14. 考查介词短语辨析。句意：当地的冲浪者非常惊讶地看到这个自信的年轻人在巨大的海浪中毫无问题地冲浪。A. after all毕竟；B. at all完全；C. at the same time同时；D. from time to time偶尔。根据上文“to see the confident young man surf the huge wave with no problem(看到这个自信的年轻人在巨浪中毫无问题地冲浪)”可知，德瑞克很自信，说明冲浪毫无问题。故选B。 15. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：Beyond Sight讲述了德瑞克的励志故事，告诉我们如果你相信自己，没有什么是不可能的！A. deal with处理；B. depend on依靠；C. believe in相信；D. look after照顾。上文提到“teaches us that nothing is impossible(教会我们没有什么是不可能的)”以及德瑞克通过对自己的自信成为了冲浪者，所以是相信自己。故选C。 Passage 2 I live with my husband Jack in Iowa, which is far away from Florida. One day, my husband suddenly decided to play 1 in Florida. “Why Florida?” I wanted to know. “We are so busy every day with our work. Why not someplace 2 ?” “Because,” he said, “Florida is famous for golf. It’s just something I 3 to do.” 4 , I did understand. Just a week or so before, I 5 a diary of mine from my teenage years. What really got me about it was the list I’d 6 on the very first page-Things I’m Going To Do. But until now I haven’t done a third of them! So when Jack talked about playing in 7 , it got me thinking. There were a lot of things I wanted to 8 . They were all the same things as I’d decided to do 9 I was sixteen. But always because of some reasons, my plans 10 to be carried out. In order to make our life without 11 , I told Jack, “Now let’s draw up all our life lists and have them 12 one by one together.” That was how our journey to Florida 13 . After many years, our plans were all finished. 14 I’ve learned that the secret is to take life 15 . If you’re in too much of a hurry, you need to stop, or you will fly past all the things that are the most fun. 1. A．football B．volleyball C．basketball D．golf 2. A．closer B．farther C．larger D．warmer 3. A．dream B．graduate C．refuse D．afford 4. A．At once B．In fact C．For example D．In case 5. A．lent B．bought C．missed D．found 6. A．recovered B．made C．practiced D．explained 7. A．Florida B．Hawaii C．Iowa D．Georgia 8. A．support B．learn C．finish D．prepare 9. A．where B．although C．when D．because 10. A．came B．rose C．happened D．failed 11. A．contact B．regret C．difficulty D．crowd 12. A．turned down B．taken away C．put out D．carried out 13. A．changed B．started C．arose D．stopped 14. A．Simply B．Quietly C．Finally D．Sadly 15. A．early B．busy C．slow D．fast 【答案】 1. D 2. A 3. A 4. B 5. D 6. B 7. A 8. C 9. C 10. D 11. B 12. D 13. B 14. C 15. C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。为了让生活没有遗憾，作者和丈夫把所有的人生清单都列出来，一起去做，其中之一就是去佛罗里达打高尔夫球。从中作者明白了一个秘诀，那就是放慢生活的节奏。 1. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：有一天，我丈夫突然决定去佛罗里达打高尔夫球。A. football足球；B. volleyball排球；C. basketball篮球；D. golf高尔夫。根据第三段的“Florida is famous for golf.”可知，作者的丈夫决定去佛罗里达打高尔夫球。故选D项。 2. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：为什么不找个近一点的地方？A. closer更近的；B. farther更远的；C. larger较大的；D. warmer更暖和的。根据上文的“We are so busy every day with our work.”可知，因为作者他们很忙，所以肯定是想找个更近的地方打球。故选A项。 3. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：“因为，”他说，“佛罗里达以高尔夫闻名。这是我梦寐以求的事。”A. dream梦想；B. graduate毕业；C. refuse拒绝；D. afford负担得起。根据上文的“Florida is famous for golf.”可知，佛罗里达以高尔夫闻名，所以，在那里打高尔夫肯定是丈夫梦想的事。故选A项。 4. 考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：事实上，我确实理解。A. At once立即；B. In fact事实上；C. For example例如；D. In case如果。根据下文的“I did understand.”和作者的解释可知，事实上，作者是理解丈夫的想法的。故选B项。 5. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：就在大约一周前，我发现了一本我青少年时期的日记。A. lent借出；B. bought买；C. missed错过；D. found找到；发现。根据空格后的“a diary of mine from my teenage years”可知，一本青少年时期的日记肯定是作者找到的。故选D项。 6. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：真正吸引我的是我在第一页列的清单——我要做的事情。A. recovered恢复；B. made制造；做；C. practiced练习；D. explained解释。根据空格前的list可知，此处考查固定搭配make a list“列清单”。故选B项。 7. 考查专有名词词义辨析。句意：所以当杰克说到在佛罗里达打球时，我就开始思考了。A. Florida佛罗里达州；B. Hawaii夏威夷；C. Iowa爱荷华州；D. Georgia佐治亚洲。根据第一段的“One day, my husband suddenly decided to play 　1　　in Florida.”可知，杰克想去佛罗里达打球。故选A项。 8. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：有很多事情我想完成。A. support支持；B. learn学习；C. finish完成；D. prepare准备。根据上一段的“What really got me about it was the list I’d　　6　　on the very first page-Things I’m Going To Do. But until now I haven’t done a third of them!”可知，很多事情是作者想完成的。故选C项。 9. 考查连词词义辨析。句意：这些都是我16岁时决定要做的事情。A. where在……的地方；B. although虽然；C. when当……时候；D. because因为。根据空格后的“I was sixteen”可知，此处是时间状语从句，所以用when引导。故选C项。 10. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但总是因为一些原因，我的计划未能实施。A. came来；B. rose升起；C. happened发生；D. failed失败；未能做到，未能做。根据空格前的“But always because of some reasons”可知，总是因为一些原因，作者的计划未能实施。故选D项。 11. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：为了让我们的生活没有遗憾，我对杰克说：“现在让我们把所有的人生清单都列出来，一起去做。”A. contact联系；B. regret遗憾；C. difficulty难度；D. crowd人群。根据下文的“Now let’s draw up all our life lists and have them 　12　　one by one together.”可知，作者和丈夫列出他们要做的事，然后一起去完成，这样做肯定是为了不留遗憾。故选B项。 12. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：为了让我们的生活没有遗憾，我对杰克说：“现在让我们把所有的人生清单都列出来，一起去做。”A. turned down拒绝；B. taken away带走；C. put out扑灭；D. carried out执行、实施。根据上文的“Now let’s draw up all our life lists”可知，把人生清单列出来后，下一步肯定是去执行、实施。故选D项。 13. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们的佛罗里达之旅就是这样开始的。A. changed更改；B. started开始；C. arose出现；D. stopped停止。根据上文的内容可知，作者讲述了他们决定去佛罗里达州打高尔夫的原因，也就是他们的佛罗里达之行是怎样开始的。故选B项。 14. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：最后，我明白了一个秘诀，那就是放慢生活的节奏。A. Simply简单地；B. Quietly悄悄地；C. Finally最后；D. Sadly悲哀地。根据上一句“After many years, our plans were all finished.”可知，作者通过完成计划的事，最后明白了一个秘诀。故选C项。 15. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：最后，我明白了一个秘诀，那就是放慢生活的节奏。A. early早期的；B. busy忙的；C. slow慢的；D. fast快速的。根据下一句“If you’re in too much of a hurry, you need to stop, or you will fly past all the things that are the most fun.(如果你太匆忙，你需要停下来，否则你会错过所有最有趣的事情。)”可知，作者认为应该放慢生活的节奏。故选C项。 Passage 3 When we face difficulties and setbacks, don’t give up easily. Believe in yourself, take action, and you will 1 overcome the obstacles (障碍) and 2 your dreams. High school life is full of 3 . Li, a student in his second year of high school, was not doing well in his studies, especially in math and English. This made him feel very 4 . Watching his classmates make progress, he asked himself, “Can I really get better?” After 5 an exam, Li felt extremely helpless and was 6 . At that moment, his teacher, Mr Zhang, 7 and gently patted him on the shoulder, “Li, believe in yourself. You have the ability to overcome difficulties.” Mr Zhang’s words rekindled (使恢复) Li’s hope, and he decided to change his situation. Li made a(n) 8 and stuck to it. Every day, he 9 math exercises, memorized English words, went to the library to look up information, and asked teachers and classmates for 10 . A few weeks later, his grades 11 a lot. His math test scores went up, and so did his English. He became more 12 and active. He realized that success comes from his own 13 and persistence (坚持). As time went by, Li not only made progress in his studies but also 14 an award in a school speech contest. He became more outgoing and helpful. His friends said, “Li, you have changed.” “Yes, I have 15 to face difficulties and not run away from them,” Li replied. 1. A．surely B．nearly C．hardly D．anxiously 2. A．achieve B．see C．replace D．remember 3. A．cheats B．challenges C．sincerity D．originality 4. A．stressed B．interested C．peaceful D．angry 5. A．choosing B．forgetting C．leaving D．failing 6. A．in person B．in danger C．in discussions D．in tears 7. A．went away B．ran out C．came over D．took off 8. A．impact B．alarm C．button D．plan 9. A．bought B．tricked C．proved D．did 10. A．equality B．rescue C．help D．exploration 11. A．admitted B．improved C．replaced D．created 12. A．horrible B．intelligent C．confident D．expressive 13. A．score B．effort C．contest D．admiration 14. A．gave B．lost C．won D．picked 15. A．learned B．requested C．ordered D．advised 【答案】 1. A 2. A 3. B 4. A 5. D 6. D 7. C 8. D 9. D 10. C 11. B 12. C 13. B 14. C 15. A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了高中生李在老师鼓励下克服学习困难并取得进步。 1. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：相信自己，采取行动，你一定会克服障碍，实现梦想。A. surely一定，肯定；B. nearly几乎；C. hardly几乎不；D. anxiously焦急地。根据上文“Believe in yourself, take action”和下文“overcome the obstacles”可知，相信自己并采取行动，就“一定”能克服障碍，故选A。 2. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：相信自己，采取行动，你一定会克服障碍，实现梦想。A. achieve实现；B. see看见；C. replace代替；D. remember记得。根据上文“Believe in yourself, take action, and you will surely overcome the obstacles”以及下文“your dreams”可推知，此处指老师鼓励学生，说一定能“实现”梦想，故选A。 3. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：高中生活充满了挑战。A. cheats欺骗；B. challenges挑战；C. sincerity真诚；D. originality独创性。根据后文“Li, a student in his second year of high school, was not doing well in his studies, especially in math and English.”可知，李学习不好，所以高中生活充满“挑战”，故选B。 4. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这让他感到压力很大。A. stressed有压力的；B. interested感兴趣的；C. peaceful和平的；D. angry生气的。根据前文“Li, a student in his second year of high school, was not doing well in his studies, especially in math and English.”可知，李学习不好，尤其是数学和英语，所以他会感到“压力很大”，故选A。 5. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在一次考试不及格后，李感到非常无助，泪流满面。A. choosing选择；B. forgetting忘记；C. leaving离开；D. failing失败，不及格。根据后文“Li felt extremely helpless”可知，李感到无助，说明他考试“不及格”，故选D。 6. 考查介词短语辨析。句意：在一次考试不及格后，李感到非常无助，泪流满面。A. in person亲自；B. in danger处于危险中；C. in discussions在讨论中；D. in tears含着泪。根据前文“Li felt extremely helpless”可知，李感到无助，所以会“泪流满面”，故选D。 7. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：这时，他的老师张老师走过来，轻轻地拍了拍他的肩膀：“李，相信你自己。你有能力克服困难。”A. went away走开；B. ran out用完；C. came over过来；D. took off起飞。根据后文“gently patted him on the shoulder”可知，老师拍了拍李的肩膀，说明老师“走过来”了，故选C。 8. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：李制定了一个计划并坚持了下来。A. impact影响；B. alarm警报；C. button按钮；D. plan计划。根据后文“Every day, he 9 math exercises, memorized English words, went to the library to look up information, and asked teachers and classmates for 10 .”可知，李每天做数学题、背单词、去图书馆查资料、向老师和同学求助，这些都是他制定的“计划”中的内容，故选D。 9. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：每天，他做数学题，背英语单词，去图书馆查资料，向老师和同学求助。A. bought买；B. tricked欺骗；C. proved证明；D. did做。根据后文“math exercises”可知，此处指“做”数学题，故选D。 10. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：每天，他做数学题，背英语单词，去图书馆查资料，向老师和同学求助。A. equality平等；B. rescue营救；C. help帮助；D. exploration探索。根据前文“asked teachers and classmates for”可知，此处指向老师和同学寻求“帮助”，故选C。 11. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：几周后，他的成绩提高了很多。A. admitted承认；B. improved提高；C. replaced代替；D. created创造。根据后文“His math test scores went up, and so did his English.”可知，李的数学和英语成绩都提高了，故选B。 12. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他变得更加自信和活跃。A. horrible可怕的；B. intelligent聪明的；C. confident自信的；D. expressive有表现力的。根据前文“His math test scores went up, and so did his English”和后文“and active”可知，李成绩变好，所以他变得更加“自信”，故选C。 13. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他意识到成功来自自己的努力和坚持。A. score分数；B. effort努力；C. contest比赛；D. admiration钦佩。根据后文“and persistence (坚持)”可知，此处指成功来自自己的“努力”和坚持，故选B。 14. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着时间的推移，李不仅在学习上取得了进步，还在学校演讲比赛中获得了奖项。A. gave给；B. lost失去；C. won赢得；D. picked挑选。根据后文“an award in a school speech contest”可知，此处指“赢得”奖项，故选C。 15. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：“是的，我已经学会了面对困难，而不是逃避它们，”李回答说。A. learned学会；B. requested要求；C. ordered命令；D. advised建议。根据后文“to face difficulties and not run away from them”可知，此处指李“学会了”面对困难，而不是逃避，故选A。 四、语法填空 Passage 1 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Designed by Gu Yongjiang, the logo for the 2025 Snake Year Spring Festival Gala was inspired by the Oracle Bone Script (甲骨文) character “Si (巳)”, 1 looks like a snake. This character is transformed into 2 unique pattern. By mirroring it, Gu created a design that resembles both “Yi (乙)” and “Si”, matching the traditional Chinese calendar for 2025, the Year of Yi Si. The “Si” character that symbolizes the rising of yang energy and the hiding of yin energy 3 (represent) a time of new beginnings. When 4 (place) together symmetrically (对称地), the double “Si” characters form a pattern similar 5 the traditional Chinese RuYi pattern, a symbol of good luck and happiness. The snake-like shape is graceful and flexible, 6 (creative) showcasing the spirit of the Snake Year. This design, 7 (convey) the festive atmosphere of the Spring Festival, highlights the deep-rooted cultural heritage of the Chinese nation. The logo—“Si Si RuYi”, combines 8 (harmony) lines and mixes elements from various classic Chinese patterns. It is a perfect example of 9 traditional culture can be integrated into modern design to show the beauty and 10 (deep) of Chinese cultural heritage. 【答案】 1. which 2. a 3. represents 4. placed 5. to 6. creatively 7. conveying 8. harmonious 9. how 10. depth 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了2025年蛇年春节联欢晚会的标志（logo）设计及其背后的文化内涵。 1. 考查定语从句。句意：由顾永江设计的2025年蛇年春晚的标志灵感来自于甲骨文的汉字“巳”，它看起来像一条蛇。此处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰前面的Oracle Bone Script character，从句中缺少主语，且指代物，因此用关系代词which。故填which。 2. 考查冠词。句意：这个字符被转换成一个独特的图案。修饰名词pattern，这里是泛指，且形容词unique发音以辅音音素开头，因此用不定冠词a。故填a。 3. 考查动词时态。句意：“巳”字象征着阳能量的上升和阴能量的隐藏，代表着一个新的开始。描述的是“巳”字符的象征意义，是一个客观事实，因此用一般现在时。主语是单数名词，所以谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填represents。 4. 考查非谓语动词。句意：当对称地放在一起时，两个“巳”字形成的图案类似于中国传统的如意图案，象征着好运和幸福。逻辑主语是主句的主语the double “Si” characters，与place之间为被动关系，因此用过去分词形式作状语，此处是when引导的状语从句的省略。故填placed。 5. 考查介词。句意：当对称地放在一起时，两个“巳”字形成的图案类似于中国传统的如意图案，象征着好运和幸福。similar to是固定搭配，表示“与……相似”。故填to。 6. 考查副词。句意：蛇的形状优美灵活，创造性地展示了蛇年的精神。修饰动词短语showcasing the spirit of the Snake Year，用副词形式。故填creatively。 7. 考查非谓语动词。句意：这样的设计，传达了春节的喜庆气氛，突出了中华民族根深蒂固的文化底蕴。由于design与convey之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词作定语。故填conveying。 8. 考查形容词。句意：“巳巳如意”的标志，结合了和谐的线条，融合了各种中国经典图案的元素。此处为形容词用作定语修饰后面的名词lines。故填harmonious。 9. 考查宾语从句的连接词。句意：这是一个将传统文化融入现代设计的完美例子，展示了中国文化遗产的美丽和深度。介词of后接宾语从句。这里表示“如何将传统文化融入现代设计”，所以用连接副词how引导。 故填how。 10. 考查名词。句意：这是一个将传统文化融入现代设计的完美例子，展示了中国文化遗产的美丽和深度。这里需要一个名词与beauty并列，因此用deep的名词形式在句中作宾语。故填depth。 Passage 2 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Openness and inclusiveness(包容性) 1 (show) in not only China’s culture but also its national common language and characters. For example, in 2 development of putonghua, many Cantonese terms such as bashi, dishi, and maidan have been included into the Modern Chinese Dictionary. 3 makes some people worried is that the spread of putonghua may destroy ethnic(民族的) languages and local languages, with some even 4 (believe) that the popularization of putonghua is a move towards “ethnic assimilation(同化)”. Worries like these can be eased(缓解) and removed 5 communication, explanation and clarification. Promoting(推广) the common language does not mean all ethnic groups will move toward a single cultural system. The aim is 6 (break) through the barriers between different local languages and 7 (effective) deepen communication and understanding among the Chinese people. For example, young people of all ethnic groups in different parts can hold speech contests to spread their culture, which will not only help the 8 (develop) of the common language, but also make them 9 (proud) of the nation than before and deepen their understanding of their culture. There is no doubt that the popularization of the national common language and characters on the basis of respecting diversity will strengthen our ethnic unity, enrich our culture, 10 promote our love for each other. 【答案】 1. are shown 2. the 3. What 4. believing 5. through/by 6. to break 7. effectively 8. development 9. more proud 10. and 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了开放性和包容性不仅体现在中国文化，也体现在中华民族的共同语言和共同性格中。在共同语言方面，普通话的推广是为了打破不同语言之间的障碍，有效加深中国人之间的交流和理解，从而丰富中国文化，促进民族间的互爱互融。 1. 考查动词的时态和语态。句意：开放性和包容性不仅体现在中国文化中，也体现在它的全国通用语言和文字中。分析可知，所填动词为句子的谓语动词，“show”和“openness and inclusiveness”之间是被动关系，此处应该用被动语态，且根据语境可知此处用一般现在时，故为：are done。故填are shown。 2. 考查定冠词。句意：例如，在普通话的发展过程中，许多粤语词语例如巴士、的士、买单等被收录到《现代汉语词典》中。分析可知，所填应是冠词，“of putonghua”为名词“development”的后置定语，应是用定冠词the。“in the development of...”意为“在……的发展中”。故填the。 3. 考查主语从句的连接词。句意：让一些人担忧的是普通话的传播可能会毁坏民族语言和地方语言，有些人甚至认为普及普通话是实现“民族同化”之举。分析可知，“___3___ makes some people worried”为主语从句，从句中缺少主语，表示“让一些人所担忧的事情”，应是用what引导从句。故填What。 4. 考查with复合结构的宾补成分。句意：让一些人担忧的是普通话的传播可能会毁坏民族语言和地方语言，有些人甚至认为普及普通话是实现“民族同化”之举。分析句子结构可知,这里为with的复合结构：with+宾语+宾补，在句中作状语。宾语“some”指代“有些人”，“与believe”之间是主动关系，用现在分词形式。故填believing。 5. 考查介词。句意：像这样的担忧可以通过交流、解释及澄清来缓解和消除。根据句意可知，此处考查介词，意思是“通过……方式”，可用“through/by”表达。故填through/by。 6. 考查不定式。句意：目的是突破不同地方语言之间的障碍并有效地加深中国人民之间的交流和理解。分析可知，此处应用不定式作表语，表示将要进行的动作。故填to break。 7. 考查副词。句意：目的是突破不同地方语言之间的障碍并有效地加深中国人民之间的交流和理解。分析可知，修饰动词“deepen”应用副词。“effective”，形容词，意为“有效的”，其副词形式为“effectively(有效地)”。故填effectively。 8. 考查名词。句意：例如，不同地区的各个民族的年轻人可以举办演讲比赛来传播他们的文化，这不仅会促进通用语言的发展，而且使他们比以前对民族更加自豪并且加深他们对(民族)文化的了解。分析可知，设空处前面为定冠词“the”，后面为介词“of”，故设空处应填名词。“develop”，动词，意为“发展”，其名词形式为“development(发展)”，“the development of”表示“……的发展”。故填development。 9. 考查形容词比较级。句意：例如，不同地区的各个民族的年轻人可以举办演讲比赛来传播他们的文化，这不仅会促进通用语言的发展，而且使他们比以前对民族更加自豪并且加深他们对(民族)文化的了解。根据设空处后面的“than before”可知这里应用比较级，作宾语补足语。故填more proud。 10. 考查并列连词。句意：毫无疑问，在尊重多样性的基础上普及全国通用语言和文字将增强我们的民族团结，丰富我们的文化，促进我们互相爱护。分析句子成分可知，“will”后的“strengthen our ethnic unity”，“enrich our culture”和“promote our love for each other”为并列成分，应用并列连词“and”连接。故填and。 Passage 3 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A hardworking woodcutter lived in a small village. Apart from being industrious, he was also very sincere and honest. Every day, he would go to the forest and use his iron axe to cut trees. One day, he was cutting a tree near a river. 1 (sudden), his hand slipped from the handle, 2 (send) the axe down to the bottom of the river. The woodcutter was upset. 3 his axe, he couldn’t work to earn 4 living. All he could do was pray to the Goddess. With his fervent prayers (祈祷), the Goddess appeared before him and asked him 5 he needed. The woodcutter immediately 6 (explain) the situation. The Goddess reached into the river and took out a silver axe, and a golden one. The woodcutter said no to both axes. The Goddess asked the woodcutter 7 (check) again. But the woodcutter was firm. “No, they’re not 8 (my). I can’t cut trees with these axes,” the woodcutter said. The Goddess was 9 (satisfy). She reached into the river one more time and brought up the Woodcutter’s axe. Because of the woodcutter’s 10 (honest), the Goddess rewarded him with both the silver and golden axes as well. 【答案】 1. Suddenly 2. sending 3. Without 4. a 5. what 6. explained 7. to check 8. mine 9. satisfied 10. honesty 【导语】本文是一则寓言故事，讲述了一个诚实勤劳的樵夫的故事。 1. 考查副词。句意：突然，他的手从斧柄上滑落，致使斧头掉进了河底。分词句子结构可知，空处修饰整个句子，需用副词形式，sudden的副词是suddenly。故填Suddenly。 2. 考查非谓语动词。句意：突然，他的手从斧柄上滑落，致使斧头掉进了河底。分析句子结构可知，slipped为谓语动词，空处应填非谓语动词作结果状语，主语his hand和send是主动关系，所以用现在分词形式。故填sending。 3. 考查介词。句意：没有斧头，他无法谋生。根据句意可知，没有斧头他就无法谋生，且空后为名词短语，介词without“没有，缺乏”符合题意。故填Without。 4. 考查冠词。句意：没有斧头，他无法谋生。earn a living 为固定短语，意为“谋生”。故填a。 5. 考查宾语从句。句意：在他热切的祈祷下，河神出现在他面前，问他需要什么。空处引导宾语从句，从句缺少宾语且宾语指物，需用连接代词what引导。故填what。 6. 考查动词时态。句意：樵夫马上解释了情况。空处作句子的谓语，根据上下文可知，此处描述过去的事情，应使用一般过去时，explain的过去式为explained。故填explained。 7. 考查非谓语动词。句意：河神让这个樵夫再仔细看看。ask sb. to do sth. 为固定搭配，所以此处用check的不定式形式作宾补。故填to check。 8. 考查名词性物主代词。句意：“不，它们不是我的。” 分析句子结构可知，空处应填名词性物主代词作表语，my 的名词性物主代词为mine，此处意为“我的斧头”。故填mine。 9. 考查形容词。句意：河神对此感到满意。分析句子结构可知，空处应填形容词作表语，主语The Goddess是人，应用ed结尾的形容词，意为“满意的”。故填satisfied。 10. 考查名词。句意：因为樵夫的诚实，河神把银斧头和金斧头作为奖励也给了他。空前为名词所有格，空处应填名词，honest为形容词，名词形式为honesty，为不可数名词。故填honesty。 23 / 23 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $春季高考·必胜 第17讲 名词性从句 内容提要 核心语法回顾 专项能力突破 解题综合提升 一、主语从句与宾语从句：核心用法及结构 主语从句和宾语从句均属于名词性从句，分别在句中充当 “主语” 和 “宾语”，需重点掌握引导词选择、时态呼应及特殊结构（如形式主语 / 宾语）。 类型 核心特征 引导词分类及示例 特殊规则 主语从句 位于句首作主语，或用 it 作形式主语（避免头重脚轻） 1. 连词：that（无义）、whether（是否） 例：That he came late surprised us. 2. 连接代词：what（什么）、who（谁） 例：What she said is true. 3. 连接副词：when（何时）、how（如何） 例：How to solve it is a problem. 1. 形式主语结构：It is + adj./n. + that 从句（如：It is clear that he is right.） 2. 不可用 if 引导主语从句（需用 whether）。 宾语从句 位于动词 / 介词后作宾语 1. 连词：that（可省略）、if/whether（是否） 例：I know that he is busy. 2. 连接代词：what（什么）、which（哪个） 例：She asked what I wanted. 3. 连接副词：where（哪里）、why（为什么） 例：He told me why he was late. 1. 时态呼应：主句为过去时，从句用相应过去时态（客观真理除外） 2. 语序：陈述语序（引导词 + 主语 + 谓语） 3. 否定前移：主句主语为第一人称且谓语为 think/believe 时，否定转移至主句（如：I don’t think he is right.）。 注意事项： 1. 主语从句的形式主语：当从句较长时，必须用 it 作形式主语（错误：That he is late is clear. 正确：It is clear that he is late.）。 2. 宾语从句的 if 与 whether：whether 可与 or not 连用、位于介词后或接 to do，if 不可（如：I wonder whether to go or not.）。 3. 时态例外：宾语从句表客观真理时，无论主句时态如何，均用一般现在时（如：He said the earth goes around the sun.）。 二、表语从句与同位语从句：核心用法及结构 表语从句和同位语从句分别在句中充当 “表语” 和 “同位语”，需重点区分表语从句的固定句型及同位语从句的先行词特征。 类型 核心特征 引导词分类及示例 特殊规则 表语从句 位于系动词后，说明主语的性质 / 状态 1. 连词：that（无义）、whether（是否）、as if（好像） 例：The fact is that he lied. 2. 连接代词：what（什么）、who（谁） 例：My worry is what he will do. 3. 连接副词：why（为什么）、how（如何） 例：That is why he was late. 1. 固定句型： - That is why...（这就是为什么...） - The reason is that...（原因是...） 2. 不可用 if 引导表语从句（需用 whether）。 同位语从句 位于名词后，补充说明先行词的具体内容 1. 常见先行词：fact（事实）、news（消息）、suggestion（建议） 2. 引导词：that（最常用）、whether、when 例：The news that he won surprised us. 例：I have a doubt whether he will come. 1. 先行词为 “建议 / 要求 / 命令”（suggestion/order）时，从句用 “should + 动词原形”（should 可省略） 例：My suggestion is that we (should) start early. 2. 与定语从句的区别：同位语从句中 that 无意义且不做成分，定语从句中 that 做成分（如：The news that he told me is true. 定语从句，that 作宾语）。 注意事项： 1. 表语从句的系动词：除 be 动词外，look、seem、become 等系动词后也可接表语从句（如：It seems that he is ill.）。 2. 同位语从句的 that 不可省略：即使 that 不做成分，也不能省略（错误：The fact he lied is true. 正确：The fact that he lied is true.）。 3. 先行词的限定：同位语从句的先行词多为抽象名词（如 idea、belief），普通名词后一般不接同位语从句。 三、名词性从句的核心共性与易错点 四类名词性从句在引导词、语序等方面存在共性，同时也有易混淆的细节，需重点掌握。 （1）核心共性 1. 引导词共性：均可用 that、whether、连接代词（what/who）、连接副词（when/how）引导，具体根据从句是否缺成分及语义选择。 2. 语序共性：均需用陈述语序（引导词 + 主语 + 谓语），不可用疑问语序（错误：I don’t know what is he doing. 正确：I don’t know what he is doing.）。 （2）常见易错点对比 易错类型 错误示例 正确示例 主语从句缺形式主语 That he is late is clear. It is clear that he is late. if 与 whether 混淆 I wonder if to go or not. I wonder whether to go or not. 宾语从句否定未前移 I think he won’t come. I don’t think he will come. 同位语从句 that 省略 The news he won is true. The news that he won is true. 表语从句固定句型错误 The reason is because he lied. The reason is that he lied. 注意事项： 连接代词与连接副词的区分：连接代词（what/who）在从句中作主语 / 宾语 / 定语，连接副词（when/how）作状语（如：What he said is true. 作宾语；When he will come is unknown. 作状语）。 避免重复：表语从句中 “The reason is that...” 不可用 because 替换 that（because 表原因，与 reason 重复）。 一、单句语法填空：在空格处填入一个适当的单词 1．I noticed for the first time old Mama and Papa looked. 2．“The most important thing is we should live fully.” 3． we need to do is be prepared and take immediate action to ensure everyone’s safety. 4．There is some doubt he can win the first prize. 5． the earth goes around the sun is known to us all. 6．The photograph will show you our village looks like. 7．One thing to consider is you can turn to for help when you are in trouble. 8．The question is will be the lucky dog for the job at the famous company. 9．Reading is of great importance. That’s World Book Day came into being. 10．Word came their hard work paid off and they won first prize. 11．I really want to know you manage to keep the place so tidy while being so busy. 12．It seems though he knew everything. 13．There is no doubt hard work leads to success in the long term. 14．People used to hold the belief the Earth was flat. 15． made me happy was that he was made monitor. 二、完成句子 1. there has been a big earthquake in Japan. 据说日本发生了一次大地震。 2. 我觉得所有的东西都会消失在窗帘后面。 all the things would disappear behind the curtains. 3. 我认为上沈老师的课我是不会感到厌倦的。 I I will be bored in Ms Shen’s class. 4. 事实是现在很多年轻人正在大城市寻找发财的机会。(表语从句) nowadays many young people are seeking their fortune in big cities. 5. 据报道,新冠病毒导致了全球肺炎的爆发。 As is reported, the novel coronavirus is the global outbreak of pneumonia. 6. The truth was the water from the Broad Street pump had been infected by waste.   事实是，布罗德街水泵的水被废物污染了。 7. I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week. This is I had a few days off. 上星期我开车去珠海看航展。这就是为什么我休息了几天。 8. He was late today. This is he got up late. 他今天迟到了。这是因为他起晚了。 9. It never me that perhaps he was lying. 我从没想到过他可能是在说谎。 10. 我很荣幸地通知你，在这次比赛中你获得第一名。(inform) I have the honour you have won the first prize in the competition. 11. 微笑的好处在于它不仅能让我们快乐，还能取悦他人。 The advantage of smiling is but also please others. 12. 他假装不在乎，但我知道他在乎。 He , but I knew he did. 13. the machine should be repaired. 建议把这台机器修理一下。 14. 我突然意识到，只有齐心协力、不懈努力，我们才能渡过难关。 It only with joint and tireless efforts, can we get through the difficulties. 15. 汤姆今天早晨睡过头了。那是他上班迟到的原因。（That’s why...） Tom overslept this morning. he was late for work. 三、完形填空 Passage 1 Derek Rabelo was born in Brazil in 1992. His father called him Derek after a famous 1 star, Derek Ho. Derek’s father wanted Derek to become a surfer, too, 2 there was a problem: unfortunately, Derek was born 3 . His father’s dream to see his son surf seemed 4 ! When Derek was 17, his father told him about his 5 . From that moment on, Derek tried his best to become a surfer. He went to the 6 every day and started taking surfing 7 with a coach. Derek kept trying and 8 , he learned to surf. Derek explains that 9 he can’t see, he understands the noises that the waves make and can 10 them when they are coming. He says every part of a wave makes a different noise, 11 he knows which direction to surf in. In 2012, he flew to Hawaii to surf one of the most challenging and dangerous 12 in the world. Local surfers were very 13 to see the confident young man surf the huge wave with no problem 14 . A film producer decided to make a film about him. Beyond Sight tells Derek’s inspirational story and teaches us that nothing is impossible if you 15 yourself! 1. A．swimming B．surfing C．film D．pop 2. A．however B．and C．so D．but 3. A．poor B．weak C．blind D．deaf 4. A．necessary B．real C．impossible D．proper 5. A．story B．advice C．truth D．dream 6. A．river B．beach C．water D．wave 7. A．lessons B．matches C．photos D．exams 8. A．instead B．usually C．still D．finally 9. A．although B．unless C．when D．before 10. A．see B．touch C．hear D．taste 11. A．or B．so C．but D．for 12. A．waves B．beaches C．islands D．sports 13. A．sorry B．worried C．scared D．surprised 14. A．after all B．at all C．at the same time D．from time to time 15. A．deal with B．depend on C．believe in D．look after Passage 2 I live with my husband Jack in Iowa, which is far away from Florida. One day, my husband suddenly decided to play 1 in Florida. “Why Florida?” I wanted to know. “We are so busy every day with our work. Why not someplace 2 ?” “Because,” he said, “Florida is famous for golf. It’s just something I 3 to do.” 4 , I did understand. Just a week or so before, I 5 a diary of mine from my teenage years. What really got me about it was the list I’d 6 on the very first page-Things I’m Going To Do. But until now I haven’t done a third of them! So when Jack talked about playing in 7 , it got me thinking. There were a lot of things I wanted to 8 . They were all the same things as I’d decided to do 9 I was sixteen. But always because of some reasons, my plans 10 to be carried out. In order to make our life without 11 , I told Jack, “Now let’s draw up all our life lists and have them 12 one by one together.” That was how our journey to Florida 13 . After many years, our plans were all finished. 14 I’ve learned that the secret is to take life 15 . If you’re in too much of a hurry, you need to stop, or you will fly past all the things that are the most fun. 1. A．football B．volleyball C．basketball D．golf 2. A．closer B．farther C．larger D．warmer 3. A．dream B．graduate C．refuse D．afford 4. A．At once B．In fact C．For example D．In case 5. A．lent B．bought C．missed D．found 6. A．recovered B．made C．practiced D．explained 7. A．Florida B．Hawaii C．Iowa D．Georgia 8. A．support B．learn C．finish D．prepare 9. A．where B．although C．when D．because 10. A．came B．rose C．happened D．failed 11. A．contact B．regret C．difficulty D．crowd 12. A．turned down B．taken away C．put out D．carried out 13. A．changed B．started C．arose D．stopped 14. A．Simply B．Quietly C．Finally D．Sadly 15. A．early B．busy C．slow D．fast Passage 3 When we face difficulties and setbacks, don’t give up easily. Believe in yourself, take action, and you will 1 overcome the obstacles (障碍) and 2 your dreams. High school life is full of 3 . Li, a student in his second year of high school, was not doing well in his studies, especially in math and English. This made him feel very 4 . Watching his classmates make progress, he asked himself, “Can I really get better?” After 5 an exam, Li felt extremely helpless and was 6 . At that moment, his teacher, Mr Zhang, 7 and gently patted him on the shoulder, “Li, believe in yourself. You have the ability to overcome difficulties.” Mr Zhang’s words rekindled (使恢复) Li’s hope, and he decided to change his situation. Li made a(n) 8 and stuck to it. Every day, he 9 math exercises, memorized English words, went to the library to look up information, and asked teachers and classmates for 10 . A few weeks later, his grades 11 a lot. His math test scores went up, and so did his English. He became more 12 and active. He realized that success comes from his own 13 and persistence (坚持). As time went by, Li not only made progress in his studies but also 14 an award in a school speech contest. He became more outgoing and helpful. His friends said, “Li, you have changed.” “Yes, I have 15 to face difficulties and not run away from them,” Li replied. 1. A．surely B．nearly C．hardly D．anxiously 2. A．achieve B．see C．replace D．remember 3. A．cheats B．challenges C．sincerity D．originality 4. A．stressed B．interested C．peaceful D．angry 5. A．choosing B．forgetting C．leaving D．failing 6. A．in person B．in danger C．in discussions D．in tears 7. A．went away B．ran out C．came over D．took off 8. A．impact B．alarm C．button D．plan 9. A．bought B．tricked C．proved D．did 10. A．equality B．rescue C．help D．exploration 11. A．admitted B．improved C．replaced D．created 12. A．horrible B．intelligent C．confident D．expressive 13. A．score B．effort C．contest D．admiration 14. A．gave B．lost C．won D．picked 15. A．learned B．requested C．ordered D．advised 四、语法填空 Passage 1 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Designed by Gu Yongjiang, the logo for the 2025 Snake Year Spring Festival Gala was inspired by the Oracle Bone Script (甲骨文) character “Si (巳)”, 1 looks like a snake. This character is transformed into 2 unique pattern. By mirroring it, Gu created a design that resembles both “Yi (乙)” and “Si”, matching the traditional Chinese calendar for 2025, the Year of Yi Si. The “Si” character that symbolizes the rising of yang energy and the hiding of yin energy 3 (represent) a time of new beginnings. When 4 (place) together symmetrically (对称地), the double “Si” characters form a pattern similar 5 the traditional Chinese RuYi pattern, a symbol of good luck and happiness. The snake-like shape is graceful and flexible, 6 (creative) showcasing the spirit of the Snake Year. This design, 7 (convey) the festive atmosphere of the Spring Festival, highlights the deep-rooted cultural heritage of the Chinese nation. The logo—“Si Si RuYi”, combines 8 (harmony) lines and mixes elements from various classic Chinese patterns. It is a perfect example of 9 traditional culture can be integrated into modern design to show the beauty and 10 (deep) of Chinese cultural heritage. Passage 2 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Openness and inclusiveness(包容性) 1 (show) in not only China’s culture but also its national common language and characters. For example, in 2 development of putonghua, many Cantonese terms such as bashi, dishi, and maidan have been included into the Modern Chinese Dictionary. 3 makes some people worried is that the spread of putonghua may destroy ethnic(民族的) languages and local languages, with some even 4 (believe) that the popularization of putonghua is a move towards “ethnic assimilation(同化)”. Worries like these can be eased(缓解) and removed 5 communication, explanation and clarification. Promoting(推广) the common language does not mean all ethnic groups will move toward a single cultural system. The aim is 6 (break) through the barriers between different local languages and 7 (effective) deepen communication and understanding among the Chinese people. For example, young people of all ethnic groups in different parts can hold speech contests to spread their culture, which will not only help the 8 (develop) of the common language, but also make them 9 (proud) of the nation than before and deepen their understanding of their culture. There is no doubt that the popularization of the national common language and characters on the basis of respecting diversity will strengthen our ethnic unity, enrich our culture, 10 promote our love for each other. Passage 3 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A hardworking woodcutter lived in a small village. Apart from being industrious, he was also very sincere and honest. Every day, he would go to the forest and use his iron axe to cut trees. One day, he was cutting a tree near a river. 1 (sudden), his hand slipped from the handle, 2 (send) the axe down to the bottom of the river. The woodcutter was upset. 3 his axe, he couldn’t work to earn 4 living. All he could do was pray to the Goddess. With his fervent prayers (祈祷), the Goddess appeared before him and asked him 5 he needed. The woodcutter immediately 6 (explain) the situation. The Goddess reached into the river and took out a silver axe, and a golden one. The woodcutter said no to both axes. The Goddess asked the woodcutter 7 (check) again. But the woodcutter was firm. “No, they’re not 8 (my). I can’t cut trees with these axes,” the woodcutter said. The Goddess was 9 (satisfy). She reached into the river one more time and brought up the Woodcutter’s axe. Because of the woodcutter’s 10 (honest), the Goddess rewarded him with both the silver and golden axes as well. 10 / 10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $