Unit 6 Earth and Beyond（重难词汇精练）英语仁爱科普版2024八年级上册

Unit 6 Earth and Beyond 词汇专项过关 目录 词汇基础练 词汇语境练-句子 词汇语境练-语篇 词汇基础练 一、汉译英 页码 中文意思 英语单词 页码 中文意思 英语单词 Preparing for the Topic P91 在另一边；在（或向）更远处；在（或向）…… 较远的一边；除…… 之外 beyond P92 宇宙 universe P92 火箭 rocket P92 卫星；人造卫星 satellite P92 物体；对象；目标；宾语 object P92 太阳的；太阳能的 solar P92 温暖；暖和；热情 warmth P92 人造的；非天然的 man-made P93 表面；表层 surface P93 度，度数；学位 degree P93 摄氏的 Celsius P93 电；电能 electricity P93 热量；热；高温；加热；变热 heat P94 勺；匙 spoon P94 望远镜 telescope P94 出现，呈现，显现；显得 appear P94 哈哈（笑） ha P94 白天；日间 daytime Exploring the Topic P96 直径 diameter P96 小行星 asteroid P96 环形地带；腰带 belt P96 （使）分开；划分 separate P96 接近中心的；内部的；内心的 inner P96 外围的；远离中心的；外边的 outer P96 水星 Mercury P96 金星；太白星 Venus P96 火星 Mars P96 包括；包含 include P96 木星 Jupiter P96 土星 Saturn P96 天王星 Uranus P96 海王星 Neptune P96 岩石；摇滚乐 rock P96 气体；天然气 gas P96 在（或向）里面；在（或向）…… 里 inside P97 最少；最小 least P97 能量；控制力；影响力；电力供应 power P97 主要地；首要地 mainly P97 也不；两者都不 neither P97 也不 nor P98 距离 distance P99 零下 minus P99 生存；存活；幸存 survive P99 活着；在世 alive P100 责任；负责 responsibility P100 相关的；有联系的 related P100 探索；勘探 exploration P100 发展；开发 development P100 工业；生产制造 industry P100 （使）充满 fill P100 由于；因为 due P101 死；死亡 death P101 山谷 valley P101 降雨量；下雨 rainfall P101 低的 low Developing the Topic P102 升起；上升 rise P103 虽然；尽管；即便 although P103 公地；共有的，共同的；普遍的 common Wrapping Up the Topic P105 档案；卷宗；文件夹 file P106 出生 born P106 （使）发表；出版 publish P106 证明；证实 prove P106 奇怪的；奇特的 strange P106 彗星 comet P106 雪球 snowball P107 冥王星 Pluto P107 （使）冻结，结冰 freeze P107 生物，存在 being 二、词汇拓展（单词变形） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1.usual (adj. 通常的) → unusual (adj. 特别的；不寻常的，反义词) → usually (adv. 通常) 2.choose (v. 选择) → choice (n. 选择) → chosen (v. 过去分词) 3.help (v. & n. 帮助) → helpful (adj. 有帮助的) → helpless (adj. 无助的) 4.free (adj. 自由的；免费的；v. 释放) → freedom (n. 自由) → freely (adv. 自由地；免费地) 5.beauty (n. 美丽) → beautiful (adj. 美丽的) → beautifully (adv. 美丽地) 6.good (adj. 好的) → well (adv. 好；adj. 健康的) → better (adj./adv. 比较级) → best (adj./adv. 最高级) 7.color (n. 颜色；v. 给…… 着色) → colorful (adj. 色彩鲜艳的) → colorless (adj. 无色的) 8.visit (v. & n. 参观；访问) → visitor (n. 参观者；游客) 9.peace (n. 和平) → peaceful (adj. 和平的；平静的) → peacefully (adv. 和平地；平静地) 10.impress (v. 给…… 留下印象) → impressive (adj. 令人印象深刻的) → impression (n. 印象) 11.appear (v. 出现) → disappear (v. 消失，反义词) → appearance (n. 出现；外貌) 12.explore (v. 探索) → exploration (n. 探索) → explorer (n. 探索者) 13.develop (v. 发展；开发) → development (n. 发展) → developer (n. 开发者) 14.important (adj. 重要的) → importance (n. 重要性) 15.energy (n. 能量；精力) → energetic (adj. 精力充沛的) 16.science (n. 科学) → scientific (adj. 科学的) → scientist (n. 科学家) 17.amaze (v. 使惊奇) → amazing (adj. 令人惊奇的) → amazement (n. 惊奇) 18.small (adj. 小的) → smaller (adj. 比较级) → smallest (adj. 最高级) → smallness (n. 小；狭小) 19.cold (adj. 冷的；n. 寒冷) → colder (adj. 比较级) → coldest (adj. 最高级) → coldness (n. 寒冷) 20.neighbor (n. 邻居) → neighborhood (n. 街区；附近) 21.satisfy (v. 使满意) → satisfied (adj. 满意的) → satisfying (adj. 令人满意的) → satisfaction (n. 满意) 22.report (v. & n. 报告) → reporter (n. 记者) → reporting (n. 报道) 23.universe (n. 宇宙) → universal (adj. 宇宙的；普遍的) 24.view (n. 景色；视野；v. 观看) → viewer (n. 观看者) → viewable (adj. 可见的) 词汇语境练-句子 三、根据汉语及首字母提示填空 1.The u____________ (宇宙) includes all stars and planets. 【答案】universe 2.A r____________ (火箭) can carry satellites into space. 【答案】rocket 3.The Moon is a s____________ (卫星) of the Earth. 【答案】satellite 4.We use a t____________ (望远镜) to watch distant celestial bodies. 【答案】telescope 5.The s____________ (表面) of the Earth is covered with water and land. 【答案】surface 6.The sun gives us h____________ (热量) and light. 【答案】heat 7.The d____________ (直径) of the Earth is about 12,742 kilometers. 【答案】diameter 8.An a____________ (小行星) is a small object in space. 【答案】asteroid 9.The b____________ (环形地带) is a region with many small objects. 【答案】belt 10.We can s____________ (分开) the topics to study them easily. 【答案】separate 11.The i____________ (内部的) structure of a planet is complex. 【答案】inner 12.The o____________ (外围的) area of the city is less crowded. 【答案】outer 13.The d____________ (距离) between two stars is very far. 【答案】distance 14.Living things need air to s____________ (生存). 【答案】survive 15.It's our r____________ (责任) to protect space environment. 【答案】responsibility 16.Space e____________ (探索) is important for human development. 【答案】exploration 17.The d____________ (发展) of science helps us know more about space. 【答案】development 18.S____________ (太阳能的) energy is a clean energy source. 【答案】solar 19.The m____________ (人造的) satellite works well in orbit. 【答案】man - made 20.The w____________ (温暖) from the sun makes life possible on Earth. 【答案】warmth 四、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.The ________ (universe) law applies to all planets in the solar system. 【答案】universal 【解析】考查名词名词变形容词。此处用形容词修饰名词 "law"，"universe" 的形容词形式为 "universal"，故填 universal。 2.We were ________ (amaze) by the beautiful stars in the night sky. 【答案】amazed 【解析】考查动词变形容词。此处形容人 "感到惊奇的"，"amaze" 的形容词形式为 "amazed"，故填 amazed。 3.This ________ (science) research helps us learn more about Mars. 【答案】scientific 【解析】考查名词变形容词。用形容词修饰名词 "research"，"science" 的形容词形式为 "scientific"，故填 scientific。 4.The ________ (develop) of space technology has made space travel possible. 【答案】development 【解析】考查动词变名词。此处需要名词作主语，"develop" 的名词形式为 "development"，故填 development。 5.It's ________ (usual) to see such a bright comet (彗星) in winter. 【答案】unusual 【解析】考查形容词的反义词。根据句意 "冬天看到如此明亮的彗星是不寻常的"，"usual" 的反义词为 "unusual"，故填 unusual。 6.Astronauts need a lot of ________ (energy) to work in space. 【答案】energy 【解析】考查名词。"energy" 是不可数名词，此处直接用原形，故填 energy。 7.The ________ (explore) of the deep space will continue in the future. 【答案】exploration 【解析】考查动词变名词。此处需要名词作主语，"explore" 的名词形式为 "exploration"，故填 exploration。 8.We should protect the ________ (peace) environment on Earth. 【答案】peaceful 【解析】考查名词变形容词。用形容词修饰名词 "environment"，"peace" 的形容词形式为 "peaceful"，故填 peaceful。 9.The ________ (view) from the space station is wonderful. 【答案】view 【解析】考查名词。此处指 "景色"，用名词原形即可，故填 view。 10.She made a good ________ (choose) to study astronomy (天文学). 【答案】choice 【解析】考查动词变名词。不定冠词 "a" 后接名词，"choose" 的名词形式为 "choice"，故填 choice。 11.This book gives a ________ (help) description of the solar system. 【答案】helpful 【解析】考查动词变形容词。用形容词修饰名词 "description"，"help" 的形容词形式为 "helpful"，故填 helpful。 12.The ________ (color) auroras (极光) look like dancing lights in the sky. 【答案】colorful 【解析】考查名词变形容词。用形容词修饰名词 "auroras"，"color" 的形容词形式为 "colorful"，故填 colorful。 13.The ________ (important) of protecting Earth can't be ignored. 【答案】importance 【解析】考查形容词变名词。定冠词 "the" 后接名词，"important" 的名词形式为 "importance"，故填 importance。 14.He speaks English ________ (good) because he practices every day. 【答案】well 【解析】考查形容词变副词。用副词修饰动词 "speaks"，"good" 的副词形式为 "well"，故填 well。 15.The ________ (visit) to the space museum made us interested in astronomy. 【答案】visit 【解析】考查动词变名词。此处指 "参观" 这一行为，用名词形式 "visit"，故填 visit。 16.Plants grow ________ (well) in warm sunlight than in cold places. 【答案】better 【解析】考查副词的比较级。根据 "than" 可知用比较级，"well" 的比较级为 "better"，故填 better。 17.The ________ (small) planet in the solar system is Mercury. 【答案】smallest 【解析】考查形容词的最高级。根据句意 "太阳系中最小的行星"，用最高级 "smallest"，故填 smallest。 18.We felt ________ (satisfy) with the space documentary (纪录片). 【答案】satisfied 【解析】考查动词变形容词。此处形容人 "感到满意的"，"satisfy" 的形容词形式为 "satisfied"，故填 satisfied。 19.The ________ (cold) on Mars is too extreme for humans to live. 【答案】coldness 【解析】考查形容词变名词。定冠词 "the" 后接名词，"cold" 的名词形式为 "coldness"，故填 coldness。 20.The ________ (appear) of the new star surprised all the scientists. 【答案】appearance 【解析】考查动词变名词。定冠词 "the" 后接名词，"appear" 的名词形式为 "appearance"，故填 appearance。 五、根据句意填空 1.The ____________ is so vast that it contains countless stars and planets. 【答案】universe 【解析】句意：宇宙如此广阔，包含无数的恒星和行星。结合 “contains countless stars and planets” 的语境，需填表示 “宇宙” 的名词，故填 universe。 2.A ____________ was launched to carry out scientific research in space. 【答案】rocket 【解析】句意：一枚火箭被发射以在太空中开展科学研究。结合 “launched”“carry out scientific research in space” 的语境，需填表示 “火箭” 的名词，故填 rocket。 3.The ____________ orbits around the Earth and helps transmit television signals. 【答案】satellite 【解析】句意：卫星绕地球运行，帮助传输电视信号。结合 “orbits around the Earth”“transmit television signals” 的语境，需填表示 “卫星” 的名词，故填 satellite。 4.A bright comet ____________ in the night sky yesterday, surprising many people. 【答案】appeared 【解析】句意：昨天一颗明亮的彗星出现在夜空，让很多人感到惊讶。结合 “yesterday” 的时态和 “in the night sky” 的语境，需填 “appear” 的过去式，故填 appeared。 5.The ____________ of Jupiter is much larger than that of the Earth. 【答案】diameter 【解析】句意：木星的直径比地球的直径大得多。结合 “Jupiter”“larger than that of the Earth” 的语境，需填表示 “直径” 的名词，故填 diameter。 6.We should ____________ facts from opinions when studying scientific articles. 【答案】separate 【解析】句意：研究科学文章时，我们应该把事实和观点区分开。结合 “facts from opinions” 的搭配和语境，需填表示 “(使) 分开；划分” 的动词，故填 separate。 7.The list of school activities ____________ a visit to the space museum. 【答案】includes 【解析】句意：学校活动清单包括一次去太空博物馆的参观。结合主语 “The list”（单数）和语境，需填 “include” 的第三人称单数形式，故填 includes。 8.Few living things can ____________ in the extreme environment of Venus. 【答案】survive 【解析】句意：很少有生物能在金星的极端环境中生存。结合 “in the extreme environment” 的语境，需填表示 “生存；存活” 的动词，故填 survive。 9.Everyone has the ____________ to protect our planet from space pollution. 【答案】responsibility 【解析】句意：每个人都有责任保护我们的星球免受太空污染。结合 “protect our planet” 的语境，需填表示 “责任；负责” 的名词，故填 responsibility。 10.Space ____________ has always been one of the most exciting fields for scientists. 【答案】exploration 【解析】句意：太空探索一直是科学家们最感兴趣的领域之一。结合 “one of the most exciting fields” 的语境，需填表示 “探索；勘探” 的名词，故填 exploration。 词汇语境练-语篇 六、短文填空 A One evening, Tom and his sister went out to watch the stars. They found the sky was so clear 1. ___________ they could see many stars easily. Some stars were 2. ___________ (bright) than others. Tom pointed to a group of stars and said, “Look! That’s the Big Dipper. It looks like 3. ___________ spoon.” His sister wanted 4. ___________ (find) the North Star. Tom told her, “Follow the two stars on the right, and you can find it.” Then, his sister looked 5. ___________ the stars 6. ___________ a telescope. She saw some stars were white, some were blue, and some were yellow. “7. ___________ beautiful!” she said. Tom also had a look. He saw some red stars. “Stars have so many 8. ___________ (difference) colors,” he said. Then his sister asked, “Is there a star that never appears at night?” Tom thought for a moment and answered, “Yes. It’s the sun. It’s 9. ___________ (we) daytime star. Tomorrow night, we 10.___________ (watch) the stars again. I’m sure we’ll see more wonderful things through the telescope.” 【答案】 1.that；2. brighter；3. a；4. to find；5. at；6. through；7. How；8. different；9. our；10. will watch 解析： 1.考查连词（“so...that...” 结构，引导结果状语从句，表 “如此…… 以至于……”），故填 that。 2.考查形容词比较级（than 提示用 bright 的比较级 brighter），故填 brighter。 3.考查冠词（spoon 为可数名词单数，表泛指且以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词 a），故填 a。 4.考查动词不定式（“want to do sth.” 结构，表 “想要做某事”），故填 to find。 5.考查介词（“look at” 为短语搭配，表 “看……”），故填 at。 6.考查介词（through 表 “通过；凭借（工具）”，符合 “用望远镜看” 的语境），故填 through。 7.考查感叹句引导词（感叹句 “How + 形容词 + （主语 + 谓语）！” 结构，中心词为 beautiful），故填 How。 8.考查名词变形容词（修饰 colors，用 difference 的形容词形式 different），故填 different。 9.考查代词（修饰 daytime star，用 we 的形容词性物主代词 our），故填 our。 10.考查一般将来时（“tomorrow night” 提示用 “will + 动词原形” 的一般将来时结构），故填 will watch。 B The Solar System is full of amazing facts. Let's explore some planets. Mercury’s 1. ____________ (bright) is very strong because of its position near the Sun. At night, the 2. ____________ (dark) there is deep. Venus is 3. ____________ (hot) than Mercury, so it’s the hottest planet. Neptune has the 4. ____________ (cold) temperature in the solar system. Its 5. ____________ (cold) makes it icy. Jupiter is 6. ____________ (large) than any other planet. Pluto is 7. ____________ (far) from the Sun than Neptune. The 8. ____________ (close) of Mercury to the Sun affects its heat, while Mars’ 9. ____________ (close) to Earth in size makes it special. The 10. ____________ (most wonderful) thing about space is discovering these differences! 【答案】1. brightness；2. darkness；3. hotter；4. coldest；5. coldness；6. larger；7. farther；8. closeness；9. closeness；10. most wonderful 解析： 1.考查形容词变名词（加 - ness 后缀），空处需名词作主语，bright 的名词形式为 brightness，故填 brightness。 2.考查形容词变名词（加 - ness 后缀），空处需名词作主语，dark 的名词形式为 darkness，故填 darkness。 3.考查形容词比较级，由 than 可知需用比较级，hot 的比较级为 hotter，故填 hotter。 4.考查形容词最高级，由 in the solar system 及 the 可知需用最高级，cold 的最高级为 coldest，故填 coldest。 5.考查形容词变名词（加 - ness 后缀），空处需名词作主语，cold 的名词形式为 coldness，故填 coldness。 6.考查形容词比较级，由 than 可知需用比较级，large 的比较级为 larger，故填 larger。 7.考查形容词比较级，由 than 可知需用比较级，far 表距离的比较级为 farther，故填 farther。 8.考查形容词变名词（加 - ness 后缀），空处需名词作主语，close 的名词形式为 closeness，故填 closeness。 9.考查形容词变名词（加 - ness 后缀），空处需名词作主语，close 的名词形式为 closeness，故填 closeness。 10.考查多音节形容词最高级，由 the 及语境可知需用最高级，wonderful 的最高级为 most wonderful，故填 most wonderful。 C What will life be like in 100 years? Some people believe that humans could live on the planet Mars by the year 2100. The Earth will be crowded and there will be more 1.____________ (pollute) then. It is hoped that people could build a 2.____________ (good) world on Mars. Here 3.____________ (be) what life there could be like in the future. Humans can’t live without water, air or food. So far, nobody 4.____________(know) whether there would be enough water or air on Mars for people. Moreover, scientists are not sure whether 5.____________(plant) could grow on Mars. Food would most possibly be in 6.____________ form of pills (药片) and would not be so tasty. Compared 7.____________ life on the earth, life on Mars would be better in some ways. People would have more space. They might live in houses with huge comfortable rooms. Also, robots would do a lot of 8.____________ (they) work so that they could have more time to relax. There would 9.____________ (probable) be no schools on Mars. Every student would study at online schools with “e-teachers”. Life on Mars would be interesting 10.____________ challenging. However, it takes time. So the most important thing we need to do now is to protect our planet—the Earth! 【答案】 1．pollution 2．better 3．is 4．knows 5．plants 6．the 7．with 8．their 9．probably 10．and 【导语】本文主要介绍了关于火星的一些信息和关于人类生活在火星上的一些想象。 1．句意：地球将会变得拥挤，到时会有更多的污染。由“be more”可知，后接名词。故填pollution。 2．句意：人们希望在火星上建立一个更美好的世界。由“people could build a…world on Mars”可知，此处指建立一个比地球更好的世界，应用比较级。故填better。 3．句意：这就是未来的生活。句子为一般现在时，又由“what life”可知，be动词应用is。故填is。 4．句意：到目前为止，没有人知道火星上是否有足够的水或空气供人类居住。由“nobody”可知，谓语动词应用单数形式。故填knows。 5．句意：此外，科学家们也不确定植物是否能在火星上生长。由“…could grow on Mars”及常识可知，植物不止一种，应用复数形式。故填plants。 6．句意：食物很可能会以药丸的形式出现，而且不会那么美味。in the form of“用……的形式”，固定短语。故填the。 7．句意：与地球上的生活相比，火星上的生活在某些方面会更好。compare with“与……相比”，固定短语。故填with。 8．句意：此外，机器人会做很多工作，这样他们就有更多的时间放松。由“…work”可知，此处指他们的工作，应用形容词性物主代词。故填their。 9．句意：火星上可能没有学校。此处应用副词修饰系动词be。故填probably。 10．句意：火星上的生活将是有趣而富有挑战性的。由“interesting…challenging”可知，此处是并列关系，应用and连接。故填and。 $Unit 6 Earth and Beyond 词汇专项过关 目录 词汇基础练 词汇语境练-句子 词汇语境练-语篇 词汇基础练 一、汉译英 页码 中文意思 英语单词 页码 中文意思 英语单词 Preparing for the Topic P91 在另一边；在（或向）更远处；在（或向）…… 较远的一边；除…… 之外 P92 宇宙 P92 火箭 P92 卫星；人造卫星 P92 物体；对象；目标；宾语 P92 太阳的；太阳能的 P92 温暖；暖和；热情 P92 人造的；非天然的 P93 表面；表层 P93 度，度数；学位 P93 摄氏的 P93 电；电能 P93 热量；热；高温；加热；变热 P94 勺；匙 P94 望远镜 P94 出现，呈现，显现；显得 P94 哈哈（笑） P94 白天；日间 Exploring the Topic P96 直径 P96 小行星 P96 环形地带；腰带 P96 （使）分开；划分 P96 接近中心的；内部的；内心的 P96 外围的；远离中心的；外边的 P96 水星 P96 金星；太白星 P96 火星 P96 包括；包含 P96 木星 P96 土星 P96 天王星 P96 海王星 P96 岩石；摇滚乐 P96 气体；天然气 P96 在（或向）里面；在（或向）…… 里 P97 最少；最小 P97 能量；控制力；影响力；电力供应 P97 主要地；首要地 P97 也不；两者都不 P97 也不 P98 距离 P99 零下 P99 生存；存活；幸存 P99 活着；在世 P100 责任；负责 P100 相关的；有联系的 P100 探索；勘探 P100 发展；开发 P100 工业；生产制造 P100 （使）充满 P100 由于；因为 P101 死；死亡 P101 山谷 P101 降雨量；下雨 P101 低的 Developing the Topic P102 升起；上升 P103 虽然；尽管；即便 P103 公地；共有的，共同的；普遍的 Wrapping Up the Topic P105 档案；卷宗；文件夹 P106 出生 P106 （使）发表；出版 P106 证明；证实 P106 奇怪的；奇特的 P106 彗星 P106 雪球 P107 冥王星 P107 （使）冻结，结冰 P107 生物，存在 二、词汇拓展（单词变形） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1.usual (adj. 通常的) → ______________(adj. 特别的；不寻常的，反义词) → ______________(adv. 通常) 2.choose (v. 选择) → ______________(n. 选择) → ______________(v. 过去分词) 3.help (v. & n. 帮助) → ______________(adj. 有帮助的) → ______________(adj. 无助的) 4.free (adj. 自由的；免费的；v. 释放) → ______________(n. 自由) → ______________(adv. 自由地；免费地) 5.beauty (n. 美丽) → ______________(adj. 美丽的) → ______________(adv. 美丽地) 6.good (adj. 好的) → ______________(adv. 好；adj. 健康的) → bett______________r (adj./adv. 比较级) → ______________(adj./adv. 最高级) 7.color (n. 颜色；v. 给…… 着色) → ______________(adj. 色彩鲜艳的) → ______________(adj. 无色的) 8.visit (v. & n. 参观；访问) → ______________(n. 参观者；游客) 9.peace (n. 和平) → ______________(adj. 和平的；平静的) → ______________(adv. 和平地；平静地) 10.impress (v. 给…… 留下印象) → ______________(adj. 令人印象深刻的) → ______________(n. 印象) 11.appear (v. 出现) → ______________(v. 消失，反义词) → ______________(n. 出现；外貌) 12.explore (v. 探索) → ______________(n. 探索) → ______________(n. 探索者) 13.develop (v. 发展；开发) → ______________(n. 发展) → ______________(n. 开发者) 14.important (adj. 重要的) → ______________(n. 重要性) 15.energy (n. 能量；精力) → ______________(adj. 精力充沛的) 16.science (n. 科学) → ______________(adj. 科学的) → ______________(n. 科学家) 17.amaze (v. 使惊奇) → ______________(adj. 令人惊奇的) → ______________(n. 惊奇) 18.small (adj. 小的) → ______________(adj. 比较级) → ______________(adj. 最高级) → ______________(n. 小；狭小) 19.cold (adj. 冷的；n. 寒冷) → ______________(adj. 比较级) → ______________(adj. 最高级) → ______________(n. 寒冷) 20.neighbor (n. 邻居) → ______________(n. 街区；附近) 21.satisfy (v. 使满意) → ______________(adj. 满意的) → ______________(adj. 令人满意的) → ______________(n. 满意) 22.report (v. & n. 报告) → ______________(n. 记者) → ______________(n. 报道) 23.universe (n. 宇宙) → ______________(adj. 宇宙的；普遍的) 24.view (n. 景色；视野；v. 观看) → ______________(n. 观看者) → ______________(adj. 可见的) 词汇语境练-句子 三、根据汉语及首字母提示填空 1.The u____________ (宇宙) includes all stars and planets. 2.A r____________ (火箭) can carry satellites into space. 3.The Moon is a s____________ (卫星) of the Earth. 4.We use a t____________ (望远镜) to watch distant celestial bodies. 5.The s____________ (表面) of the Earth is covered with water and land. 6.The sun gives us h____________ (热量) and light. 7.The d____________ (直径) of the Earth is about 12,742 kilometers. 8.An a____________ (小行星) is a small object in space. 9.The b____________ (环形地带) is a region with many small objects. 10.We can s____________ (分开) the topics to study them easily. 11.The i____________ (内部的) structure of a planet is complex. 12.The o____________ (外围的) area of the city is less crowded. 13.The d____________ (距离) between two stars is very far. 14.Living things need air to s____________ (生存). 15.It's our r____________ (责任) to protect space environment. 16.Space e____________ (探索) is important for human development. 17.The d____________ (发展) of science helps us know more about space. 18.S____________ (太阳能的) energy is a clean energy source. 19.The m____________ (人造的) satellite works well in orbit. 20.The w____________ (温暖) from the sun makes life possible on Earth. 四、用所给单词的适当形式填空 1.The ________ (universe) law applies to all planets in the solar system. 2.We were ________ (amaze) by the beautiful stars in the night sky. 3.This ________ (science) research helps us learn more about Mars. 4.The ________ (develop) of space technology has made space travel possible. 5.It's ________ (usual) to see such a bright comet (彗星) in winter. 6.Astronauts need a lot of ________ (energy) to work in space. 7.The ________ (explore) of the deep space will continue in the future. 8.We should protect the ________ (peace) environment on Earth. 9.The ________ (view) from the space station is wonderful. 10.She made a good ________ (choose) to study astronomy (天文学). 11.This book gives a ________ (help) description of the solar system. 12.The ________ (color) auroras (极光) look like dancing lights in the sky. 13.The ________ (important) of protecting Earth can't be ignored. 14.He speaks English ________ (good) because he practices every day. 15.The ________ (visit) to the space museum made us interested in astronomy. 16.Plants grow ________ (well) in warm sunlight than in cold places. 17.The ________ (small) planet in the solar system is Mercury. 18.We felt ________ (satisfy) with the space documentary (纪录片). 19.The ________ (cold) on Mars is too extreme for humans to live. 20.The ________ (appear) of the new star surprised all the scientists. 五、根据句意填空 1.The ____________ is so vast that it contains countless stars and planets. 2.A ____________ was launched to carry out scientific research in space. 3.The ____________ orbits around the Earth and helps transmit television signals. 4.A bright comet ____________ in the night sky yesterday, surprising many people. 5.The ____________ of Jupiter is much larger than that of the Earth. 6.We should ____________ facts from opinions when studying scientific articles. 7.The list of school activities ____________ a visit to the space museum. 8.Few living things can ____________ in the extreme environment of Venus. 9.Everyone has the ____________ to protect our planet from space pollution. 10.Space ____________ has always been one of the most exciting fields for scientists. 词汇语境练-语篇 六、短文填空 A One evening, Tom and his sister went out to watch the stars. They found the sky was so clear 1. ___________ they could see many stars easily. Some stars were 2. ___________ (bright) than others. Tom pointed to a group of stars and said, “Look! That’s the Big Dipper. It looks like 3. ___________ spoon.” His sister wanted 4. ___________ (find) the North Star. Tom told her, “Follow the two stars on the right, and you can find it.” Then, his sister looked 5. ___________ the stars 6. ___________ a telescope. She saw some stars were white, some were blue, and some were yellow. “7. ___________ beautiful!” she said. Tom also had a look. He saw some red stars. “Stars have so many 8. ___________ (difference) colors,” he said. Then his sister asked, “Is there a star that never appears at night?” Tom thought for a moment and answered, “Yes. It’s the sun. It’s 9. ___________ (we) daytime star. Tomorrow night, we 10.___________ (watch) the stars again. I’m sure we’ll see more wonderful things through the telescope.” B The Solar System is full of amazing facts. Let's explore some planets. Mercury’s 1. ____________ (bright) is very strong because of its position near the Sun. At night, the 2. ____________ (dark) there is deep. Venus is 3. ____________ (hot) than Mercury, so it’s the hottest planet. Neptune has the 4. ____________ (cold) temperature in the solar system. Its 5. ____________ (cold) makes it icy. Jupiter is 6. ____________ (large) than any other planet. Pluto is 7. ____________ (far) from the Sun than Neptune. The 8. ____________ (close) of Mercury to the Sun affects its heat, while Mars’ 9. ____________ (close) to Earth in size makes it special. The 10. ____________ (most wonderful) thing about space is discovering these differences! C What will life be like in 100 years? Some people believe that humans could live on the planet Mars by the year 2100. The Earth will be crowded and there will be more 1.____________ (pollute) then. It is hoped that people could build a 2.____________ (good) world on Mars. Here 3.____________ (be) what life there could be like in the future. Humans can’t live without water, air or food. So far, nobody 4.____________(know) whether there would be enough water or air on Mars for people. Moreover, scientists are not sure whether 5.____________(plant) could grow on Mars. Food would most possibly be in 6.____________ form of pills (药片) and would not be so tasty. Compared 7.____________ life on the earth, life on Mars would be better in some ways. People would have more space. They might live in houses with huge comfortable rooms. Also, robots would do a lot of 8.____________ (they) work so that they could have more time to relax. There would 9.____________ (probable) be no schools on Mars. Every student would study at online schools with “e-teachers”. Life on Mars would be interesting 10.____________ challenging. However, it takes time. So the most important thing we need to do now is to protect our planet—the Earth! $