Unit 1 Happy Holiday知识清单（含语法知识及练习） 2025-2026学年人教版（2024）八年级英语上册

Unit 1 Happy Holiday 一、词形转换 1. camp n. 度假营;营地;v. 露营;宿营 → camping n. 露营活动;野营 2. strange adj. 奇怪的;陌生的 → stranger n. 陌生人;外地人 3. breath n. 呼吸的空气;一口气 → breathe v. 呼吸 4. especial adj. 特别的;特殊的→ especially adv. 尤其;特别 5. scarf n. 围巾;披巾 → scarves/scarfs 复数 6. sleep n/v.睡觉 → sleepy adj.困倦的→ slept 过去式 7. comfort n. 舒适;安慰 v. 安慰;使舒适→ comfortable adj. 使人舒服的;舒适的 → uncomfortable adj.不舒服的 8. bore v. 使厌烦 →bored adj. 厌倦的 → boring adj. 令人厌烦的 9. fight n. 战斗;搏斗;斗争 v.打仗;打架→ fought v.过去式 → fighter n. 战士 10.my adj.我的→ myself 反身代词，我自己 11. peace n. 和平;太平 → peaceful adj. 和平的→ peacefully adv. 和平地 12. easy adj. 容易的;轻易的→easily adv. 容易地;轻易地 13. forget v.忘记 →forgot v.过去式→forgetful adj. =forgettable adj. 容易忘记的 → unforgettable adj. 难忘的;难以忘怀的; 14.country n.国家;乡村→countries n. 国家（复数）→ countryside n. 乡村;农村 15.excite v.使激动→ excited adj.激动的→ exciting adj.令人激动的 16. surprise n.惊讶v.使惊奇→ surprised adj. 惊讶的→ surprising adj.令人惊讶的 17. probable adj. 很可能的;大概的 →probably adv. 很可能;大概 18.regular adj.有规律的→ regularly adv.有规律地 19.deer n.鹿→ deer 复数 20. Russia(n.)俄罗斯→Russian 俄国人；俄国的(n./adj.) 二、重点短语 1.go on holiday/vacation 去度假 summer holiday/winter holiday暑假/寒假 2.experience可数名词,经历，不可数名词,经验 3 .spend花费 ①spend+时间或金钱on sth. ②spend+时间或金钱(in) doing sth. ③spend with sb. 和某人一起度过 3.take lessons 上课 4.ancient buildings古建筑物 ancient times古代 5.summer camp夏令营 6.lots of=a lot of许多，大量 7.go back返回，回到 8.enjoy doing sth, 喜欢做某事; enjoy oneself.玩的愉快 9.take photos/a photo 拍照 10.stay at home 待在家里 11.work as 从事.....工作 12.tour guide 导游 13.thousands of 成千上万的 six thousand 14..fall down 落下;掉下 15.a group of 一群;一组 16. takeout 取出;拿出 17.see the sunrise 看日出 18. get together 聚会;相聚 19.a few 少数;几个 20.in the sun 在阳光下 21. too much/too many 太多 22.go over budget 超出预算 23. steamed chicken soup 汽锅鸡 24. at peace 处于和平/平静状态 25. in different ways 用不同的方式 26. mind and body 身心 27. by oneself 单独地;独自地 28. get to( =arrive at/in)到达 29. nothing but 只有;只是 30. turn around 转身;翻转 31. walk through 穿过 32. look for 寻找 33. take sb’s breath away 令某人惊叹 34.start doing sth.=start to do sth.开始做某事 35. decide to do sth决定做某事 36.hear sb do /hear sb doing. 听见某人做/正在做... 37. It reminds us that...提醒某人... remind sb. of sb./sth.使某人想起... remind sb to do sth 提醒某人做某事 38. feel like doing sth=want to do =would like to do 想要做某事 39. fresh air新鲜空气 40. so +adj/adv +that 如此...以至 41. as...as possible尽可能... 42. be surprised to do 惊讶做某事 To sb’s surprise 出乎某人的意料 43. hope to do sth 希望做某事 44. to do list 清单 3、 过去式 1.spend →spent花费 2.take→ took拿 3.go →went去 4.is →was是 5.see→ saw看见 6.eat →ate吃 7.do→ did做 8.say→ said说 9.have →had拥有 10.try→ tried尝试 11.meet→ met遇见 12.get →got得到 13.choose →chose选择 14.feel→ felt感觉15.find→found找到16.hear→heard听 17.build→ built建立18.tell→told告诉19.become→became变成20.are→were是 21.run→ran 跑步 四、重点句型 1.Where did you go on vacation?：你去哪里度假了？ 回答：I went to...（我去了……），如：I went to Beijing.（我去了北京。） 2. Did you go anywhere interesting?：你去了什么有趣的地方吗？ 肯定回答：Yes, I did.（是的，我去了。） 否定回答：No, I didn't.（不，我没去。） 3.How was your vacation?：你的假期怎么样？ 回答：It was great/wonderful/terrible..（. 它很棒 / 精彩 / 糟糕……）， 五、单元语法 不定代词 　　不定代词是不指明代替任何特定名词或形容词的代词。不定代词起名词或形容词的作用，可在句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语等。常见的不定代词有：some、any、all、both、none、neither、each, other(s), another, many, much, few, a few, little, a little、one及复合不定代词。本单元主要学习复合不定代词。 1.复合不定代词的构成 类别 -one -body -thing some- someone某人 somebody某人 something 某事；某物 any- anyone任何人 anybody任何人 anything任何事物 every- everyone每人 everybody每人；人人 everything 每件事；所有事 物；一切 no- no one没有人 nobody没有人 nothing 没有什么；没有一件东西 【名师提醒】 除no one以外，其他复合不定代词都写成一个词！ 3. 复合不定代词的用法 (1) some-类复合不定代词多用于肯定句中，也可用于表示邀请、请求或建议的疑问句中，表示说话人希望得到对方肯定的答复； any-类复合不定代词多用于否定句、疑问句和条件从句中。 I have something important to tell you. 我有重要的事情要告诉你。 Would you like something to drink? 你想要点儿喝的东西吗？ Is there anyone in the room? 房间里有人吗？ I can't see anything in the dark room.　在这个黑暗的房间里我什么也看不见。 (2)复合不定代词作主语时，谓语动词要用单数形式。 Someone is knocking at the door. 有人在敲门。 (3)复合不定代词如果有定语修饰，定语要置于其后（形容词后置） Is there anything important in today’s newspaper ? 今天的报纸上有什么重要消息吗? 【同步检测】 一、单项选择 1．—Did you do ________ last Sunday?    —Yes, I did. A．something interesting B．interesting something C．anything interesting D．interesting anything 2．—Did you buy anything special in the shopping mall? —No, I didn’t see ________ I like. A．anything B．something C．everything D．nothing 3．— It’s never too old to learn. — I can’t agree more, there’s always ________ to be learned. A．anything B．nothing C．something D．everything 4．Our teachers always tell us to believe that ________ is difficult if we keep trying hard. A．nothing B．something C．anything D．everything 5．—________ wants to make their dreams come true, bur few can make it. —Yes. But I think if we work hard, we can make it. A．Somebody B．Anybody C．Nobody D．Everybody 6．—Who helped you clean the room yesterday? —________. I cleaned it all by myself. A．Everybody B．Somebody C．Nobody D．Anybody 7．— I heard that visitors in Liangdao Street stood in lines to buy different kinds of snacks there. — That’s for sure! ________ could say no to the delicious local food in Wuhan. A．Everybody B．Nobody C．Somebody D．Anybody 8．Money is important to everyone, but it doesn’t mean ________ to me. A．everything B．anything C．nothing D．something 9．—Did you do ________ special on National Day, Paul? —Not really. I just stayed at home and did some reading. A．something B．anything C．everything D．nothing 10．—Would you like _________ to drink? —No, thanks. I don’t want to drink _________. A．something; nothing B．anything; everything C．something; anything D．anything; something 11．—How is Tom at the new school? —He is doing well. There is ________ to worry about. A．something B．anything C．nothing D．everything 12．—What did you eat for breakfast?     —________. I got up too late this morning. A．Nothing B．Anything C．Everything D．Something 13．—Would you like ________ to drink? —Yes, thanks. Everything is OK. A．anyone B．everything C．something D．nothing 14．—Mom, can I have ________ to eat? I’m hungry. —Sorry, there is ________ in the fridge. But I think we can go out for dinner now. A．nothing; nothing B．nothing; something C．something; nothing D．something; anything 15．—Honey, do you get ________ with you, money, tickets and your phone? —Yeah. We can go now. A．anything B．everything C．something D．nothing 一般过去时 1.一般过去时的含义 一般过去时表示过去某个时间或某一段时间内发生的动作或存在的状态，常和表示过去的时间状语连用，如yesterday、last night...、....ago, in 2008、once upon a time/long ago等。 2、动词的过去式 （1）规则动词过去式的变化规律 类别 构成方法 示例 一般情况 加-ed help →helped play→played 以不发音的字母e结尾的动词 加-d live→lived hope→hoped 以重读闭音节结尾的动词，末尾只有一个辅音字母 双写末尾的辅音字母，再加-ed stop → stopped plan → planned 以辅音字母加y结尾的动词 变y为i，再加-ed carry →carried study→studied 【同步检测】 一、单项选择 1．She often ________ after supper, but yesterday evening she ________ gifts in a shop. A．exercise；chose B．exercises；choosed C．exercises；chose D．exercise；choosed 2．—How ________ your last vocation? —Wonderful. I had a nice time with my grandparents in the countryside. A．is B．does C．was D．do 3．—Where is my homework? I can’t find it. —I think you ________ it at home. A．forget B．forgot C．leave D．left 4．—How was your weekend, Judy? —Pretty good. I ________ a fantastic town in Hefei with my classmates. A．visit B．will visit C．visited D．am visiting 5．They ________ a party in the garden yesterday afternoon. A．had B．have C．has D．are having 6．Last night a man ________ an expensive diamond from the rich lady’s house when she was out. A．steals B．stole C．robs D．robbed 7．Yesterday we had a discussion about the trip and ________ to go to Hong Kong. A．decide B．decides C．decided D．deciding 8．We ________ over an hour, because there were too many people in the restaurant yesterday. A．waits B．will wait C．waited D．waiting 9．—Where is Mom? I get her something beautiful. —Oh, she ________ for a walk just now. A．go B．went C．goes D．going 10．Mr. Lin and his team ________ for 12 hours and finally they got out safely. A．walk B．are walking C．will walk D．walked 11．I often ________ an egg every morning. But this morning I ________ some bread. A．eat; eat B．eat; ate C．ate; ate D．ate; eat 12．The two children ________ the Great Wall with their parents five years ago. A．visit B．will visit C．visited D．are visiting 13．My father ________ the candles after he made a wish on his birthday. A．blew off B．blows out C．blew out D．blows off 14．Frank ________ to the supermarket and ________ some apples yesterday. A．went; bought B．goes; bought C．went; buy D．goes; buys 15．—Where ________ he go on vacation? —He went to the beach. A．did B．do C．does D．was 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $