Unit 2 The things around us. 期末派生法背记单词清单 -2024-2025学年高中英语沪教版必修第三册

沪教版 必修3 Unit 2 The things around us. 期末派生法背记单词 序号 原词 例句 派生词 例句 1 flood /flʌd/ v.（使）充斥，充满；n. 洪水 The heavy rain caused a flood in the small town.（暴雨导致这个小镇发生了洪水。） 1. flooded /flʌdɪd/ adj. 被淹没的；充斥的2. flooding /ˈflʌdɪŋ/ n. 洪水；泛滥 1. Her inbox was flooded with emails from students.（她的收件箱满是学生发来的邮件。）2. Natural flooding often destroys farmers’ crops.（自然灾害性洪水常毁坏农民的庄稼。） 2 cotton /ˈkɒtn/ n. 棉；棉花；棉布 Cotton is widely used to make T-shirts and socks.（棉花被广泛用于制作T恤和袜子。） cotton /ˈkɒtn/ adj. 棉质的 She bought a cotton skirt for the summer.（她买了一条棉质短裙过夏天。） 3 insect /ˈɪnsekt/ n. 昆虫 Bees and butterflies are helpful insects for plants.（蜜蜂和蝴蝶是对植物有益的昆虫。） insecticide /ɪnˈsektɪsaɪd/ n. 杀虫剂 Farmers use insecticide to protect vegetables from pests.（农民用杀虫剂保护蔬菜免受虫害。） 4 sweat /swet/ v. 出汗；流汗；n. 汗 He wiped the sweat from his forehead after running.（跑完步后，他擦了擦额头上的汗。） sweaty /ˈsweti/ adj. 出汗的；汗津津的 His hands were sweaty because he was nervous about the exam.（因为担心考试，他的手汗津津的。） 5 port /pɔːt/ n. 港口；避风港 Ships from all over the world arrive at this busy port.（来自世界各地的船只抵达这个繁忙的港口。） portable /ˈpɔːtəbl/ adj. 便携的 This portable charger is very useful when traveling.（这个便携充电器在旅行时非常实用。） 6 discount /ˈdɪskaʊnt/ n. 折扣；v. /dɪsˈkaʊnt/ 打折 The shop gives a 15% discount on all books this week.（这家店本周所有书籍打八五折。） discount /dɪsˈkaʊnt/ v. 打折扣；忽视 The manager decided to discount the old products by 30%.（经理决定将旧产品打七折。） 7 iron /ˈaɪən/ v.（用熨斗）熨，烫平；n. 熨斗；铁 My mom uses an iron to press my school uniform every morning.（妈妈每天早上用熨斗熨我的校服。） iron /ˈaɪən/ adj. 铁的；坚强的 He has an iron determination to finish the project on time.（他有按时完成项目的坚强决心。） 8 export /ˈekspɔːt/ n. 出口；输出；/ɪkˈspɔːt/ v. 出口；输出 China exports a large number of electronic products to Europe.（中国向欧洲出口大量电子产品。） 1. exportation /ˌekspɔːˈteɪʃn/ n. 出口；输出2. exportable /ɪkˈspɔːtəbl/ adj. 可出口的 1. The exportation of tea is an important part of this country’s economy.（茶叶出口是这个国家经济的重要部分。）2. Only products that meet international standards are exportable.（只有符合国际标准的产品才可出口。） 9 hesitate /ˈhezɪteɪt/ v.（对某事）犹豫，迟疑不决 If you don’t understand, don’t hesitate to ask the teacher.（如果你不懂，别犹豫去问老师。） 1. hesitation /ˌhezɪˈteɪʃn/ n. 犹豫；迟疑2. hesitant /ˈhezɪtənt/ adj. 犹豫的；迟疑的 1. She agreed to help without hesitation.（她毫不犹豫地答应帮忙。）2. He was hesitant to share his ideas in the meeting.（他在会议上不敢分享自己的想法。） 10 cash /kæʃ/ n. 现金；v. 兑现 Can you pay in cash? The credit card machine is broken.（你能付现金吗？信用卡机坏了。） 1. cashier /kæˈʃɪə(r)/ n. 收银员2. cash /kæʃ/ adj. 现金的 1. The cashier counted the money carefully before giving change.（收银员找零前仔细数了钱。）2. The store offers a small discount for cash payment.（这家店对现金支付提供小额折扣。） 11 profit /ˈprɒfɪt/ v. 获益；得到好处；n. 利润；收益 The company made a huge profit from its new product line.（这家公司从新产品线中获得了巨额利润。） 1. profitable /ˈprɒfɪtəbl/ adj. 有利可图的；有益的2. profitably /ˈprɒfɪtəbli/ adv. 有利地 1. Investing in renewable energy is profitable in the long run.（从长远来看，投资可再生能源是有利可图的。）2. We should use our spare time profitably, like reading or learning.（我们应该高效利用空闲时间，比如阅读或学习。） 12 living /ˈlɪvɪŋ/ n. 生计；谋生；收入；adj. 活着的；活的 His living depends on selling handmade crafts.（他靠卖手工艺品谋生。） 1. live /lɪv/ v. 生活；居住2. life /laɪf/ n. 生命；生活 1. They live in a quiet neighborhood near the park.（他们住在公园附近一个安静的小区。）2. Daily exercise is good for our health and life quality.（日常锻炼有益于我们的健康和生活质量。） 13 economic /ˌiːkəˈnɒmɪk/ adj. 经济的；经济学的 The government has taken measures to improve the economic situation.（政府已采取措施改善经济形势。） 1. economy /ɪˈkɒnəmi/ n. 经济2. economically /ˌiːkəˈnɒmɪkli/ adv. 经济地；在经济上 1. The global economy was affected by the pandemic.（全球经济受到了疫情的影响。）2. We should use water and electricity economically to save resources.（我们应该节约用水用电，以节省资源。） 14 involve /ɪnˈvɒlv/ v. 包含；需要；使成为必然部分（或结果） This job involves working with people from different countries.（这份工作需要与来自不同国家的人合作。） 1. involvement /ɪnˈvɒlvmənt/ n. 参与；涉及2. involved /ɪnˈvɒlvd/ adj. 参与的；复杂的 1. Her involvement in volunteer work made her more social.（她参与志愿工作让她更善于社交。）2. The problem is more involved than we thought—we need more time to solve it.（这个问题比我们想象的更复杂，需要更多时间解决。） 15 treatment /ˈtriːtmənt/ n. 处理；讨论；治疗 The patient received effective treatment for his illness.（这位病人的病得到了有效的治疗。） 1. treat /triːt/ v. 对待；治疗2. treatable /ˈtriːtəbl/ adj. 可治疗的 1. Teachers should treat all students equally.（老师应该平等对待所有学生。）2. Most common diseases are treatable with modern medicine.（现代医学可治疗大多数常见疾病。） 16 quantity /ˈkwɒntəti/ n. 数量 We need to buy a large quantity of rice for the winter.（我们需要为冬天购买大量大米。） quantitative /ˈkwɒntɪtətɪv/ adj. 数量的；定量的 The study uses quantitative data to analyze student performance.（这项研究用定量数据分析学生表现。） 17 gym /dʒɪm/ n. 健身房；体育馆 I go to the gym every evening to exercise.（我每天晚上去健身房锻炼。） 1. gymnast /ˈdʒɪmnæst/ n. 体操运动员2. gymnastics /dʒɪmˈnæstɪks/ n. 体操 1. She dreamed of becoming an Olympic gymnast when she was young.（她小时候梦想成为奥运体操运动员。）2. Gymnastics requires a lot of strength and flexibility.（体操需要很强的力量和柔韧性。） 18 breath /breθ/ n. 呼吸的空气 She took a deep breath before speaking in public.（在公众面前发言前，她深吸了一口气。） 1. breathe /briːð/ v. 呼吸2. breathless /ˈbreθləs/ adj. 气喘吁吁的 1. It’s important to breathe fresh air in the morning.（早上呼吸新鲜空气很重要。）2. They were breathless after climbing to the top of the mountain.（爬到山顶后，他们气喘吁吁。） 19 import /ɪmˈpɔːt/ v. 进口；输入；引进；n. /ˈɪmpɔːt/ 进口 This country imports most of its oil from the Middle East.（这个国家大部分石油从中东进口。） 1. importation /ˌɪmpɔːˈteɪʃn/ n. 进口；输入2. importable /ɪmˈpɔːtəbl/ adj. 可进口的 1. The importation of advanced technology helped improve production.（先进技术的引进有助于提高生产效率。）2. These materials are importable from neighboring countries at low cost.（这些材料可从邻国低价进口。） 20 replace /rɪˈpleɪs/ v. 代替；取代 New energy vehicles will gradually replace traditional gasoline cars.（新能源汽车将逐渐取代传统汽油车。） 1. replacement /rɪˈpleɪsmənt/ n. 替换；替代品2. replaceable /rɪˈpleɪsəbl/ adj. 可替换的 1. We need to find a replacement for the retired manager.（我们需要为退休的经理找一个替代者。）2. The battery of this phone is replaceable—you can change it yourself.（这部手机的电池是可替换的，你可以自己更换。） 21 certify /ˈsɜːtɪfaɪ/ v.（尤指书面）证明；证实 The lab certified that the water in this area is safe to drink.（实验室证明该地区的水可安全饮用。） 1. certificate /səˈtɪfɪkət/ n. 证书；证明2. certified /ˈsɜːtɪfaɪd/ adj. 有证书的；经证实的 1. He received a certificate for passing the English exam.（他获得了英语考试合格证书。）2. Only certified doctors can work in this hospital.（只有持证医生才能在这家医院工作。） 22 protest /prəˈtest/ v.（公开）反对；抗议；n. /ˈprəʊtest/ 抗议 Students protested against the increase in tuition fees.（学生们抗议学费上涨。） protester /prəˈtestə(r)/ n. 抗议者 Anti-pollution protesters gathered outside the factory.（反污染抗议者聚集在工厂外。） 23 awkward /ˈɔːkwəd/ adj. 令人尴尬的；使人难堪的 It was awkward when I forgot his name at the party.（在派对上我忘了他的名字，场面很尴尬。） 1. awkwardly /ˈɔːkwədli/ adv. 尴尬地2. awkwardness /ˈɔːkwədnəs/ n. 尴尬 1. He laughed awkwardly to break the silence.（他尴尬地笑了笑，打破了沉默。）2. Everyone felt the awkwardness when no one spoke.（没人说话时，所有人都感受到了尴尬。） 24 majority /məˈdʒɒrəti/ n. 大部分；大多数 The majority of students prefer to study in the library.（大多数学生喜欢在图书馆学习。） 1. major /ˈmeɪdʒə(r)/ adj. 主要的；主修的2. major /ˈmeɪdʒə(r)/ v. 主修 1. The major reason for the delay is bad weather.（延误的主要原因是天气不好。）2. She plans to major in biology when she goes to university.（她上大学后打算主修生物学。） 25 slide /slaɪd/ n. 幻灯片；滑动；v. 滑动 The teacher showed us slides about ancient history.（老师给我们看了关于古代历史的幻灯片。） sliding /ˈslaɪdɪŋ/ adj. 滑动的 The sliding door between the kitchen and living room is convenient.（厨房和客厅之间的滑动门很方便。） 26 harvest /ˈhɑːvɪst/ v. 收割（庄稼）；n. 丰收 Farmers harvest corn in autumn in this region.（这个地区的农民秋天收割玉米。） harvestable /ˈhɑːvɪstəbl/ adj. 可收割的 The wheat will be harvestable in two weeks.（两周后小麦就可以收割了。） 27 bitter /ˈbɪtə(r)/ adj.（食物等）味苦的；（争论等）激烈而不愉快的 This medicine tastes bitter, but it works well.（这药味道苦，但效果很好。） 1. bitterly /ˈbɪtəli/ adv. 痛苦地；激烈地2. bitterness /ˈbɪtənəs/ n. 苦味；痛苦 1. She cried bitterly when she heard her grandma’s passing.（听到奶奶去世的消息，她痛苦地哭了。）2. The bitterness of the coffee can be reduced with sugar.（加糖可以减轻咖啡的苦味。） 28 flavour /ˈfleɪvə(r)/ n.（食物或饮料的）味道；v. 给……调味 This cake has a vanilla flavour that I love.（这个蛋糕有我喜欢的香草味。） flavoured /ˈfleɪvəd/ adj. 有某种味道的 My mom bought strawberry-flavoured yogurt for breakfast.（妈妈买了草莓味酸奶当早餐。） 29 roast /rəʊst/ v. 烘烤，焙，炒（坚果、豆子等）；烘，烤，焙（肉等）；adj. 烤的 We roast turkey for dinner on Christmas Eve.（平安夜我们烤火鸡当晚餐。） roasted /ˈrəʊstɪd/ adj. 烤过的 The roasted nuts are a popular snack during the Spring Festival.（烤坚果是春节期间很受欢迎的零食。） 30 liquid /ˈlɪkwɪd/ n. 液体；adj. 液体的 Water, milk and juice are all common liquids.（水、牛奶和果汁都是常见的液体。） liquid /ˈlɪkwɪd/ adj. 液态的 When ice melts, it turns into a liquid state.（冰融化时会变成液态。） 31 bar /bɑː(r)/ n.（长方形）条，块；酒吧；v. 禁止；阻挡 She ate a bar of chocolate after finishing her homework.（做完作业后，她吃了一块巧克力。） 1. bar /bɑː(r)/ v. 禁止；阻挡2. barred /bɑːd/ adj. 被禁止的；有栅栏的 1. The school bars students from bringing snacks into classrooms.（学校禁止学生把零食带进教室。）2. The old house has barred windows to keep safe.（这座老房子的窗户装有栅栏以保证安全。） 32 calculate /ˈkælkjuleɪt/ v. 计算；核算 We need to calculate how much money we need for the trip.（我们需要计算这次旅行需要多少钱。） 1. calculation /ˌkælkjuˈleɪʃn/ n. 计算2. calculated /ˈkælkjuleɪtɪd/ adj. 故意的；计算出的 1. The calculation of this math problem took me 10 minutes.（这道数学题的计算花了我10分钟。）2. It was a calculated move to invest in this company.（投资这家公司是一步经过深思熟虑的棋。） 33 operation /ˌɒpəˈreɪʃn/ n. 运转；运行；操作；手术 The new machine started its operation last month.（这台新机器上个月开始运转。） 1. operate /ˈɒpəreɪt/ v. 操作；运转；做手术2. operational /ˌɒpəˈreɪʃənl/ adj. 可操作的；运转中的 1. He learned how to operate the computer system in a week.（他一周内学会了操作这个电脑系统。）2. The new factory will be operational by the end of this year.（这家新工厂将于今年年底投入运营。） 34 advanced /ədˈvɑːnst/ adj. 先进的；（课程）高级的；高等的 This school offers advanced courses in computer science.（这所学校开设计算机科学的高级课程。） 1. advance /ədˈvɑːns/ v. 前进；推进2. advance /ədˈvɑːns/ n. 前进；预付款 1. Technology continues to advance at a fast pace.（技术继续快速发展。）2. You need to pay a 20% advance before we start the project.（我们开始项目前，你需要支付20%的预付款。） 35 accurate /ˈækjərət/ adj. 正确无误的 Please make sure your answer is accurate before submitting.（提交前请确保你的答案正确无误。） 1. accuracy /ˈækjərəsi/ n. 准确性；精确度2. accurately /ˈækjərətli/ adv. 准确地 1. The accuracy of the data is crucial for the research.（数据的准确性对这项研究至关重要。）2. He can accurately translate English articles into Chinese.（他能准确地把英语文章翻译成中文。） 36 rescue /ˈreskjuː/ n. 救援；营救；挽救；获救；v. 救援 The firefighters completed the rescue of the trapped people.（消防员完成了对被困人员的救援。） 1. rescuer /ˈreskjuːə(r)/ n. 救援者2. rescued /ˈreskjuːd/ adj. 被救援的 1. The rescuers risked their lives to save the hikers.（救援者冒着生命危险救了那些徒步旅行者。）2. The rescued cat was taken to an animal shelter.（获救的猫被送到了动物收容所。） 37 application /ˌæplɪˈkeɪʃn/ n.（尤指理论、发现等的）应用，运用；申请；请求；申请书 She submitted an application for the scholarship last week.（她上周提交了奖学金申请。） 1. apply /əˈplaɪ/ v. 申请；应用2. applicable /əˈplɪkəbl/ adj. 适用的；可应用的 1. I want to apply for the position of English teacher.（我想申请英语教师的职位。）2. This rule is applicable to all employees in the company.（这条规则适用于公司所有员工。） 38 remarkable /rɪˈmɑːkəbl/ adj. 非凡的；奇异的；显著的 He made a remarkable improvement in his English in half a year.（半年内他的英语有了显著进步。） 1. remark /rɪˈmɑːk/ v. 评论；注意到2. remarkably /rɪˈmɑːkəbli/ adv. 显著地；非常 1. The teacher remarked that her composition was excellent.（老师评论说她的作文很优秀。）2. She is remarkably talented in playing the violin.（她拉小提琴的天赋非常突出。） 39 mission /ˈmɪʃn/ n. 太空飞行任务；官方使命 The astronauts successfully completed their space mission.（宇航员成功完成了太空任务。） missionary /ˈmɪʃənri/ n. 传教士 His uncle worked as a missionary in Africa for 15 years.（他叔叔在非洲做了15年传教士。） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $