Unit 2 Grammar 不定式的用法课件 2025-2026学年沪教牛津版（广州深圳沈阳通用）九年级英语上册

牛津广州版九年级上册 Unit 2 Great minds Grammar 1 Bonnie: Dr. Einstein, it's a pleasure to listen to your lecture. Einstein:Thank you! Bonnie: After the lecture, I have a dream to become a scientist like you. Einstein: To be a scientist is meaningful. Bonnie: I hope to find a way to help people live to be 1,000 years old. Einstein: It will take you a long time to do that. Bonnie: I know, so the most improtant thing now is to work hard. Einstein: I hope your dream will come true one day. Infinitives：to do 1. I have a dream to become a scientist. 2. I hope to find a way to help people live to be 1,000 years old. 3. I've made a plan to make life better for everyone. The usage of infinitives(1) 不定式to do 的用法 Rule 1: n.+ to do, to do 作后置定语修饰名词 动词不定式作定语一般都是作后置定语，修饰前面的名词或代词，来解释某一事物的功能或用途。 不定式作定语应注意： I give her a newspaper to read. (不能说 I gave her a newspaper to read it.) 1.如果名词或代词是动词不定式的宾语,动词不定式后不加宾格代词。 He had no money and no place to live. 2.在动词不定式与其所修饰的词构成逻辑上的动宾关系的情况下，若该动词为不及物动词，其后应加上相应的介词。 1) I am looking for a room to live in. 2) I need a piece of paper to write on. 3) There is nothing to worry about. 3.动词不定式作定语且所修饰的名词是time, place或way时，其后的介词通常省略。 Exercise 1: Complete the paragraph below with the words from the box. become a scientist go to university do Maths try again At school, Einstein’s ability (1)___________ surprised his teachers, but he was bored with other subjects. At the age of 15, he was given the chance (2)________________ , but he did not do well enough in the exam. He did not lose heart, however, and he had a wish (3)__________ the next year. This time he succeeded. He kept trying, so he achieved his dream (4) __________________. to do Maths to go to university to try again to become a scientist 1. The most important thing now is to work hard. 2. Her wish is to be like Einstein. 3. My dream is to become a scientist. The usage of infinitives( 2) 不定式to do 的用法 Rule 2: be+ to do, to do 作表语修饰名词 动词不定式作表语的一些用法： 主语为aim，dream，hope，idea，plan，purpose， suggestion，wish等表示目的、计划或打算的词。 如: His wish/dream is to become an astronaut. 当句子的主语为work，job或function时，往往也使用这一结构。 如: The man’s job was to give advice to the king. The function of an adjective is to describe or add to the meaning of a noun. 1. I have a dream to become a scientist. 2. I' ve made a plan to make life better for everyone. 3. I've made a decision to help the sick people. Exercise 2: Replace the following sentences with be +to do . My dream is to become a scientist. My plan is to make life better for everyone. My decision is to help the sick people. 1 do the work/the most important thing/well ________________________________________ 2 in a year/Mr White’s plan/have a small shop ________________________________________ 3 attract the students/my idea/by making a poster ________________________________________ 4 children/her job/take care of ________________________________________ Put the words in the correct order to make sentences. Add other words if necessary. The most important thing is to do the work well. Mr White’s plan is to have a small shop in a year. My idea is to attract the students by making a poster. Her job is to take care of children. 1. To be a scientist is meaningful for me. 2. To listen to your lecture is a pleasure . 3. To help people live to be 1,000 years old will take you a long time. The usage of infinitives(3) 不定式to do 的用法 主语 To see is to believe. To know oneself is difficult. 动词不定式作主语 动词不定式作主语时，谓语动词通常用单数。 To walk in the heavy rain is very hard. = It is very hard to walk in the heavy rain. 在大雨中行走是非常困难的。 动词不定式作主语 it作形式主语 当动词不定式比较长时，为了保持句子的平衡，常用it作形式主语，而把真正的主语放在句子后面，即：“It +谓语+其它+ to do sth.”。 真正主语 it 作形式主语时，主要有三种情况： 1) It is important for us to keep the water clean. 1.常用形容词作它的表语。真正的主语(动词不定式部分)常有逻辑主语，一般用for短语来表示，即for sb. to do sth. (其中sb.就是to do的逻辑主语)。 2) It is very kind of you to say so. 当表语形容词表示不定式的逻辑主语的性质或特征时，则不用for，而用of (sb. to do sth.)。 1) It took me more than an hour to do my homework yesterday evening. 2) It will take us a long time to walk there. 2.有时也接名词作表语。 It must be great fun to fly to the Moon in a spaceship. 3.it作形式主语时，还用于“It takes/took /will take sb. some time to do sth”的句型中。 1. To be a scientist is meaningful for me. 2. To listen to your lecture is a pleasure . 3. To help people live to be 1,000 years old will take you a long time. The usage of infinitives(3) 不定式to do 的用法 It is meaningful for me to be a scientist. Rule 3: to do作主语 (1) It is adj. (for sb.) to do (2) It is n. to do (3) It takes sb. time to do It作形式主语, 代替to do It is a pleasure to listen to your lecuture. It will take you a long time to help people live to be 1,000 years old. Hans once drove another scientist, Dr Green, from the airport to a university. Complete their conversation with infinitives and words in brackets. Dr Green: Hello, Hans. Hans: Hello, Dr Green. How long did it take you to get here by plane? Dr Green: (1) __________________________________. (take/two hours) How long will it take to get to the university? Hans: (2)_______________________________________. (take/20 minutes) It took me two hours to get here by plane It’ll take 20 minutes to get there Dr Green: Well, that’s not very long. Hans, you’re a very good driver. Is it difficult to drive a car? Hans: No. (3) ______________________.(easy/drive) Dr Green: Maybe I’ll learn to drive some day, but (4)________________________________________ (difficult/for me/learn) right now. I’m too busy. Do you like your job, Hans? Hans: Yes, I like it a lot. I meet many great people because I’m a driver. (5)_____________________________. (lucky/for me/have/job) It’s easy to drive a car it’s difficult for me to learn to drive It’s lucky for me to have this job 1. n.+ to do, to do 做后置定语修饰名词 2. be + to do, to do 做表语修饰名词 3. to do作主语, it是形式主语, 指代to do (1) It is adj./n.(for sb) to do (2)It takes sb. time to do Summary: What have we learnt today? I have a dream to be a scientist. My dream is to be a scientist. It is meaningful for me to be a scientist. It will take you a long time to do that. It is a pleausre to listen to your lecture. 语境要求： 1. 对名词做进一步解释； 2. 使句子更简洁和流畅。 19 It’s never too old to learn. 活到老，学到老。 A faithful friend is hard to find. 知音难觅。 To save time is to lengthen life. 节约时间就是延长生命。 1. Michael visits many websites _____ about Chinese culture. A. learn B. learned C. to learn D. learning 2. A friend in need is a friend indeed. All of us need a friend _____. A. to talk with B. talking with C. to talk D. talk with 3. It’s important for us _____ good manners. A. having B. have C. to have D. had Practice 4. We are supposed ______ some housework with our parents when we have free time. A. to share B. sharing C. shared D. share 5. We set up this group ______ disabled people like Ben Smith. A. help B. to help C. helping D. helped 6. It often takes me two hours ________ my homework in the evening. A. do B. doing C. to do D. did 7. —Could I go swimming with my friend, Dad? —No, it’s very dangerous for your kids _______ swimming without adults. A. go B. going C. to go D. went 翻译下面的句子。 1.爱因斯坦经常收到一些邀请函，邀请他去一 些院校阐述他的理论。 2.给像您这样的天才开车是我的荣幸。 3.爱因斯坦在数学方面的能力震惊了他的老师。 Einstein often received invitations to explain his theories at different universities. Einstein’s ability to do Maths surprised his teacher. It’s a pleasure to drive a genius like you. 4.在他15岁的时候，他有机会去上大学。 5.他实现了成为科学家的梦想。 6.坐飞机到达这里需要花费两个小时。 At the age of 15, he was given the chance to go to university. He achieved his dream to be a scientist. It took me two hours to get here by plane. Homework 1. Write an article about your dream, 2. Try to use infinitives when necessary. $