内容正文:
仁爱科普版 九上 Unit 4 Amazing Science. Topic 3同步词汇笔记
序号
单词
词形变化
派生词
核心考点
例句
1
prove /pruːv/ v. 证明,证实
过去式:proved;过去分词:proved/proven(初中阶段以proved为主)
proof n. 证据
1. prove sth. 证明某事2. prove (to be) + adj. 证明是……
1. He tried hard to prove his innocence.(他努力证明自己的清白。)2. This experiment proved (to be) successful.(这个实验证明是成功的。)
2
lunar probe /ˈluːnə(r) prəʊb/ 月球探测器(短语,核心词probe:n. 探测器)
probe(n.)复数:probes
probe v. 探测
1. lunar probe 月球探测器2. space probe 太空探测器
1. China has launched many lunar probes to explore the moon.(中国已发射多艘月球探测器探索月球。)2. The new lunar probe can collect lunar soil samples.(这款新型月球探测器能收集月球土壤样本。)
3
legend /ˈledʒənd/ n. 传说,传奇故事
复数:legends
legendary adj. 传奇的;有名的
the legend of... ……的传说
1. There is a famous legend about the Great Wall.(有一个关于长城的著名传说。)2. He is a legend in the field of basketball.(他是篮球领域的传奇人物。)
4
significance /sɪɡˈnɪfɪkəns/ n. 重要性,意义
N/A(不可数名词)
significant adj. 重要的;有意义的
the significance of... ……的重要性/意义
1. We should understand the significance of protecting the environment.(我们应该明白保护环境的重要性。)2. This event has great significance for our school.(这件事对我们学校有重大意义。)
5
independently /ˌɪndɪˈpendəntli/ adv. 独立地,自主地
N/A(副词无单复数/比较级变化)
1. independent adj. 独立的;自主的2. independence n. 独立;自主
act independently 独立行动
1. She can finish the project independently.(她能独立完成这个项目。)2. The child is learning to dress independently.(这个孩子正在学习独立穿衣。)
6
landmark /ˈlændmɑːk/ n. 里程碑;路标
复数:landmarks
N/A
1. a landmark event 里程碑式的事件2. a road landmark 道路路标
1. The successful launch of Shenzhou V is a landmark event in China's space history.(神舟五号的成功发射是中国航天史上的里程碑事件。)2. You can see a big tree as a landmark at the crossroads.(在十字路口,你能看到一棵大树作为路标。)
7
for certain 肯定,确定,无疑(短语)
N/A
N/A
for certain 肯定,确定(相当于certainly)
1. I don't know for certain when he will come back.(我不确定他什么时候回来。)2. She knew for certain that she had made the right choice.(她肯定自己做了正确的选择。)
8
spacewalk /ˈspeɪswɔːk/ n. 太空漫步
复数:spacewalks
spacewalk v. 进行太空漫步
do a spacewalk 进行太空漫步
1. The astronaut will do a spacewalk outside the space station.(宇航员将在空间站外进行太空漫步。)2. China's first spacewalk was a great success.(中国的首次太空漫步取得了巨大成功。)
9
on one's own 独自,单独(短语)
N/A
N/A
1. on one's own 独自;单独(相当于by oneself)2. of one's own 属于某人自己的
1. He finished the homework on his own.(他独自完成了家庭作业。)2. She wants to have a room of her own.(她想拥有一个属于自己的房间。)
10
electronic /ɪˌlekˈtrɒnɪk/; /ɪˌlekˈtrɑːnɪk/ adj. 电子的
N/A(形容词无单复数变化,比较级:more electronic;最高级:most electronic,初中阶段不常考)
1. electricity n. 电;电力2. electron n. 电子3. electronically adv. 电子地
1. electronic devices 电子设备2. electronic music 电子音乐3. electronic mail(email)电子邮件
1. We use many electronic devices in daily life.(我们在日常生活中使用许多电子设备。)2. He sent an electronic mail to his teacher.(他给老师发了一封电子邮件。)
11
warn /wɔːn/ v. 警告;告诫
过去式:warned;过去分词:warned
warning n. 警告;警示
1. warn sb. to do sth. 警告某人做某事2. warn sb. not to do sth.(warn sb. against doing sth.)警告某人不要做某事3. warn sb. about sth. 提醒某人注意某事
1. The teacher warned us not to run in the hallway.(老师警告我们不要在走廊里跑。)2. The sign warns people about the danger of falling rocks.(这个标识提醒人们注意落石危险。)
12
spacesuit /ˈspeɪssuːt/; /ˈspeɪssjuːt/ n. 航天服
复数:spacesuits
N/A
wear a spacesuit 穿航天服
1. The astronaut must wear a spacesuit in space.(宇航员在太空中必须穿航天服。)2. This new spacesuit is lighter and safer.(这款新型航天服更轻、更安全。)
13
might /maɪt/ modal v. 可以,可能
N/A(情态动词无词形变化,后接动词原形)
N/A
1. might + 动词原形 表示“可能;可以”(语气比may更弱)2. might have done 表示“过去可能做过某事”(初中阶段了解)
1. It might rain this afternoon.(今天下午可能会下雨。)2. You might ask your parents for help.(你可以向父母求助。)
14
telescope /ˈtelɪskəʊp/ n. 望远镜
复数:telescopes
N/A
look through a telescope 通过望远镜看
1. We can see stars clearly through a telescope.(通过望远镜,我们能清楚地看到星星。)2. My father bought me a new telescope last month.(爸爸上个月给我买了一个新望远镜。)
15
housework /ˈhaʊswɜːk/ n. 家务劳动,家务事
N/A(不可数名词)
N/A
do housework 做家务
1. She helps her mother do housework every weekend.(她每个周末都帮妈妈做家务。)2. Doing housework can make us more responsible.(做家务能让我们更有责任感。)
16
entertainment /ˌentəˈteɪnmənt/ n. 娱乐;招待
N/A(不可数名词,指“娱乐活动”时可作可数名词,复数:entertainments)
1. entertain v. 娱乐;招待2. entertaining adj. 有趣的;娱乐性的
1. forms of entertainment 娱乐形式2. provide entertainment 提供娱乐
1. Watching movies is a popular form of entertainment.(看电影是一种受欢迎的娱乐形式。)2. The hotel provides entertainment for its guests.(这家酒店为客人提供娱乐服务。)
17
doubt /daʊt/ n. & v. 怀疑,疑惑
1. (n.)复数:doubts2. (v.)过去式:doubted;过去分词:doubted
doubtful adj. 怀疑的;不确定的
1. (n.)no doubt 无疑地;without doubt 毫无疑问2. (v.)doubt sth. 怀疑某事;doubt if/whether... 怀疑是否……(否定句中常用that引导)
1. There is no doubt that he will win the competition.(毫无疑问,他会赢得比赛。)2. I doubt if he can finish the work on time.(我怀疑他能否按时完成工作。)
18
no doubt 无疑地(短语)
N/A
N/A
no doubt 无疑地(常位于句首或句中)
1. No doubt, he is one of the best students in our class.(无疑,他是我们班最好的学生之一。)2. She will no doubt pass the exam with hard work.(只要努力,她无疑会通过考试。)
19
tiny /ˈtaɪni/ adj. 极小的,微小的
比较级:tinier;最高级:tiniest
N/A
a tiny room 一个小房间;tiny particles 微小颗粒
1. There is a tiny bird in the tree.(树上有一只小鸟。)2. The computer chip is getting tinier and tinier.(电脑芯片变得越来越小。)
20
normally /ˈnɔːməli/ adv. 通常,正常情况下
N/A(副词无单复数/比较级变化)
1. normal adj. 正常的;平常的2. norm n. 规范;标准
normally speaking 通常来说
1. I normally get up at 7 o'clock in the morning.(我通常早上7点起床。)2. Normally, the shop closes at 9 p.m.(这家商店通常晚上9点关门。)
21
brain /breɪn/ n. 脑;脑力;智力
复数:brains(指“大脑”时可单可复,指“脑力”时不可数)
brainy adj. 聪明的;有头脑的(初中阶段不常考)
1. use one's brain 动脑子2. brain work 脑力劳动
1. We should use our brain to solve problems.(我们应该动脑子解决问题。)2. Reading can make our brain more active.(阅读能让我们的大脑更活跃。)
22
cancel /ˈkænsəl/ v. 取消,撤销;废止
过去式:cancelled/canceled;过去分词:cancelled/canceled
cancellation n. 取消;撤销
cancel a plan 取消计划;cancel a meeting 取消会议
1. They had to cancel the sports meeting because of the rain.(因为下雨,他们不得不取消运动会。)2. The company decided to cancel the project.(公司决定撤销这个项目。)
23
workplace /ˈwɜːkpleɪs/ n. 工作场所
复数:workplaces
N/A
safe workplace 安全的工作场所
1. We should keep our workplace clean.(我们应该保持工作场所整洁。)2. The new rules make the workplace safer.(新规定让工作场所更安全了。)
24
connect /kəˈnekt/ v. 连接;把……联系起来
过去式:connected;过去分词:connected
1. connection n. 连接;联系2. connected adj. 连接的;有联系的
1. connect A to/with B 把A和B连接起来;把A和B联系起来2. connect to the Internet 连接互联网
1. You can connect the printer to the computer.(你可以把打印机和电脑连接起来。)2. We should connect theory with practice.(我们应该把理论和实践联系起来。)
25
for instance 例如(短语)
N/A
N/A
for instance 例如(相当于for example,常位于句中,前后用逗号隔开)
1. Many students, for instance, Tom, like playing football.(许多学生,例如汤姆,喜欢踢足球。)2. Fruits, for instance, apples and bananas, are good for health.(水果,例如苹果和香蕉,对健康有益。)
26
besides /bɪˈsaɪdz/ adv. 而且,再说;prep. 除……之外(还)
N/A
N/A
1. (adv.)常用于句首或句末,表递进2. (prep.)besides sth./sb. 除……之外(还)(包含后面的内容)
1. I don't like the film. Besides, it's too long.(我不喜欢这部电影,而且它太长了。)2. Besides English, he also learns French.(除了英语,他还学法语。)
27
properly /ˈprɒpəli/; /ˈprɑːpərli/ adv. 正确地,恰当地
N/A(副词无单复数/比较级变化)
1. proper adj. 正确的;恰当的2. improper adj. 不正确的;不恰当的(反义词)
do sth. properly 正确地做某事
1. You must wash your hands properly before eating.(吃饭前你必须正确洗手。)2. He can't speak English properly.(他不能正确地说英语。)
28
servant /ˈsɜːvənt/ n. 仆人,佣人
复数:servants
1. serve v. 服务;招待2. service n. 服务
work as a servant 当仆人
1. In the past, some rich families had many servants.(过去,一些富裕家庭有很多仆人。)2. The servant helped the old man with his daily life.(仆人帮助老人打理日常生活。)
29
certain /ˈsɜːtn/ adj. 确定的,无疑的;一定会……
比较级:more certain;最高级:most certain
1. certainly adv. 当然;肯定2. certainty n. 确定;必然
1. be certain of/about sth. 确信某事2. be certain to do sth. 一定会做某事3. be certain that... 确信……
1. I am certain of his success.(我确信他会成功。)2. She is certain to pass the English exam.(她一定会通过英语考试。)
30
waitress /ˈweɪtrəs/ n. 女服务员
复数:waitresses
wait v. 等待;等候(对应男性服务员:waiter n.)
work as a waitress 当女服务员
1. The waitress served us a cup of tea.(女服务员给我们上了一杯茶。)2. She found a part-time job as a waitress in the restaurant.(她在这家餐厅找了份女服务员的兼职工作。)
31
magazine /ˌmæɡəˈziːn/; /ˈmæɡəziːn/ n. 杂志
复数:magazines
N/A
read a magazine 看杂志;a fashion magazine 时尚杂志
1. She likes reading fashion magazines in her free time.(她空闲时喜欢看时尚杂志。)2. There is an interesting article in this magazine.(这本杂志里有一篇有趣的文章。)
32
rooster /ˈruːstə(r)/ n. 公鸡
复数:roosters
N/A
(无特殊固定搭配,常考查词义辨析:rooster 公鸡;hen 母鸡;chicken 鸡肉/小鸡)
1. The rooster crows every morning.(公鸡每天早上打鸣。)2. There are two roosters and three hens on the farm.(农场里有两只公鸡和三只母鸡。)
33
wife /waɪf/ n. 妻子,太太
复数:wives
husband n. 丈夫(对应词)
(无特殊固定搭配,常考查复数形式)
1. His wife is a doctor in a big hospital.(他的妻子是一家大医院的医生。)2. The two men are talking about their wives.(这两个男人正在谈论他们的妻子。)
34
chick /tʃɪk/ n. 小鸡
复数:chicks
chicken n. 鸡肉;鸡
a little chick 一只小鸡
1. The little chick is looking for food with its mother.(小鸡正跟着妈妈找食物。)2. We saw many chicks on the farm last weekend.(上周末我们在农场看到了很多小鸡。)
35
paint /peɪnt/ n. 油漆;油漆涂层;v. 在……刷油漆;用颜料画
1. (n.)不可数(表“油漆”),可数(表“一幅画”,复数:paints)2. (v.)过去式:painted;过去分词:painted
1. painter n. 画家;油漆工2. painting n. 画;绘画
1. (n.)a can of paint 一罐油漆2. (v.)paint sth. + 颜色 把某物涂成……颜色;paint a picture 画画
1. He bought a can of red paint to paint the door.(他买了一罐红色油漆来刷门。)2. My sister likes to paint pictures in her free time.(我妹妹空闲时喜欢画画。)
36
struggle /ˈstrʌɡl/ v. 奋斗,努力;争取;n. 奋斗;挣扎
1. (v.)过去式:struggled;过去分词:struggled2. (n.)复数:struggles
N/A
1. (v.)struggle for sth. 为……奋斗;struggle to do sth. 努力做某事2. (n.)the struggle against... 与……的斗争
1. They struggled for freedom all their lives.(他们一生都在为自由奋斗。)2. She struggled to carry the heavy box.(她努力搬起那个重箱子。)
37
the Summer Palace 颐和园(专有名词短语)
N/A
N/A
(无特殊固定搭配,常考查专有名词拼写及词义)
1. The Summer Palace is one of the most famous scenic spots in Beijing.(颐和园是北京最著名的景点之一。)2. We visited the Summer Palace with our teachers last month.(上个月我们和老师一起参观了颐和园。)
38
palace /ˈpæləs/ n. 王宫,宫殿
复数:palaces
N/A
the Palace Museum 故宫;a royal palace 王宫
1. The Palace Museum attracts millions of visitors every year.(故宫每年吸引数百万游客。)2. The king lived in a beautiful palace.(国王住在一座漂亮的王宫里。)
39
tower /ˈtaʊə(r)/ n. 塔;v. 高耸;屹立
1. (n.)复数:towers2. (v.)过去式:towered;过去分词:towered
tall adj. 高的(近义词,无直接派生词)
1. (n.)the Eiffel Tower 埃菲尔铁塔2. (v.)tower above/over sth. 比某物高很多
1. We climbed the tower to enjoy the view of the city.(我们爬上塔欣赏城市风景。)2. The tall building towers over the small houses.(这座高楼比那些小房子高很多。)
40
prison /ˈprɪzn/ n. 监狱
复数:prisons
N/A
in prison 坐牢;go to prison 入狱
1. He was sent to prison for stealing.(他因偷窃被送进监狱。)2. The prisoner escaped from the prison last night.(那个囚犯昨晚从监狱逃跑了。)
41
prisoner /ˈprɪznə(r)/ n. 囚犯;俘虏
复数:prisoners
prison n. 监狱
a political prisoner 政治犯;take sb. as a prisoner 把某人当俘虏
1. The soldiers set the prisoners free.(士兵们释放了囚犯。)2. He was taken as a prisoner during the war.(他在战争期间被当作俘虏。)
42
vocabulary /vəˈkæbjələri/; /vəˈkæbjəleri/ n. 词汇;词汇量
复数:vocabularies(指“词汇量”时不可数,指“词汇表”时可数)
N/A
1. enlarge one's vocabulary 扩大词汇量2. basic vocabulary 基础词汇
1. Reading English books is a good way to enlarge your vocabulary.(读英语书是扩大词汇量的好方法。)2. We should remember the basic vocabulary of this unit.(我们应该记住这个单元的基础词汇。)
43
a bunch /bʌntʃ/ of 一束;一串(短语)
N/A
N/A
1. a bunch of flowers 一束花2. a bunch of grapes 一串葡萄
1. He gave his mother a bunch of flowers on Mother's Day.(母亲节那天,他给妈妈送了一束花。)2. There is a bunch of grapes on the table.(桌子上有一串葡萄。)
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