Unit 1 短语讲练 2025-2026学年沪教版（2024）八年级英语上册

Unit 1 Look it up! 短语精讲精练 Unit 1 Look it up! 短语精讲精练 重点短语梳理 短语 含义 短语 含义 be talented in 在某方面有天赋 die out 灭绝 be born in sp. 出生在某地 prefer to do sth. 更喜欢做某事 in the countryside 在乡村 general education 通识教育 from an early age 从很小时候起 go back a long way 历史悠久 showed great intelligence 展现出极高的智慧 be similar to 与…… 相似 artistic talent 艺术天赋 organize the entry 组织条目 as he grew older 随着他年龄的增长 in alphabetical order 按字母顺序排列 a type of 一种 play an important role 起到重要作用 be related to 与…… 属于同一种类 重点短语三维解析 1. be talented in（在某方面有天赋） 语境溯源（教材原句 + 生活场景） 教材延伸：...he was unusually talented in many different fields. 他在许多不同的领域都有着非凡的天赋 生活场景：The young actor is talented in expressing emotions through his eyes.（这位年轻演员在通过眼神表达情感方面有天赋。） 用法点睛（句型 + 易错点） 核心句型：be talented in + 名词 / 动名词（强调在特定领域拥有天生的才能） 易错提示： (1) 固定搭配为 “in”，不能用 “at”“for” 等介词替代； (2) 当后接动词时，需用动名词形式（doing），不能用动词原形； (3) 同义短语 “have a talent for” 可与之转换，注意介词搭配的不同（for）。 拓展延伸（近义 / 反义短语 + 场景运用） 近义短语：have a gift for（如：She has a gift for singing. 她有唱歌的天赋。） 反义短语：be weak in（如：He is weak in sports but talented in math. 他在体育方面薄弱，但在数学方面有天赋。） 场景运用：可用于描述在音乐、绘画、语言、运动等各类领域展现出的天赋，如：The little girl is talented in learning foreign languages.（这个小女孩在学习外语方面有天赋。） 分层闯关练习 (1) 基础题（单句填空，巩固搭配） The little boy ______ ______ ______（在讲故事方面有天赋）and all his classmates like listening to him. 答案：is talented in telling stories； 解析：“be talented in” 后接动名词 “telling”，符合短语用法 (2) 变式题（同义转换，灵活运用） She has a talent for drawing cartoons. → She ______ ______ ______ drawing cartoons. 答案：is talented in； 解析：“have a talent for” 与 “be talented in” 意思相近，可进行同义转换，保持时态一致） (3) 语境题（情景选择，强化理解） —What makes Lisa so special in the art class? —She ______ ______ ______ using different colors to make her paintings lively. A. is good for B. is talented in C. is interested on 答案：B； 解析：A 选项 “is good for” 意为 “对…… 有益”，C 选项搭配错误，“is interested in” 才是正确形式，B 选项 “is talented in” 符合语境，指在运用色彩方面有天赋） 2. be born in sp.（出生在某地） 语境溯源（教材原句 + 生活场景） 教材延伸：Leonardo da Vinci was born in the countryside in Italy.（列奥纳多・达・芬奇出生于意大利的乡村） 生活场景：My cousin was born in a coastal city and loves the sea very much.（我的表弟出生在一个海滨城市，并且非常喜欢大海。） 用法点睛（句型 + 易错点） 核心句型：be born in + 地点（城市、乡村、国家等）；若表示出生时间，用 “be born in + 年份 / 月份” 易错提示： (1) 地点前不加定冠词，不能说 “be born in the Italy”； (2) 时态固定用一般过去时，因为出生是过去发生的动作； (3) 若指具体日期，用 “be born on + 具体日期”（如：She was born on May 1st. 她出生在 5 月 1 日。） 拓展延伸（相关表达 + 句式转换） 相关表达：be born into a...family（出生在一个…… 家庭，如：He was born into a musical family. 他出生在一个音乐世家。） 句式转换：对地点提问用 “Where was...born?”（如：Where was your sister born? 你妹妹出生在哪里？） 分层闯关练习 (1) 基础题（单句填空，巩固搭配） The famous writer ______ ______ ______（出生在一个小镇）in France. 答案：was born in a small town； 解析：“be born in + 地点” 为固定搭配，用一般过去时） (2) 变式题（句型转换，灵活运用） She was born in Shanghai in 2005.（对地点提问） → ______ ______ she born in 2005? 答案：Where was； 解析：对地点提问用 “where”，原句为一般过去时，be 动词用 was） (3) 语境题（情景选择，强化理解） —______ ______ your brother born? —He was born in Beijing. A. When was B. Where were C. Where was 答案：C； 解析：根据答语可知问的是地点，主语 “your brother” 是第三人称单数，用 was，故选 C） 3. in the countryside（在乡村） 语境溯源（教材原句 + 生活场景） 教材延伸：Leonardo da Vinci was born in the countryside in Italy.（列奥纳多・达・芬奇出生于意大利的乡村） 生活场景：We often go to visit my grandparents in the countryside on weekends.（我们周末经常去乡村看望祖父母。） 用法点睛（句型 + 易错点） 核心句型：in the countryside 作地点状语，可置于句首或句末（如：In the countryside, people enjoy a slow life. 在乡村，人们享受着悠闲的生活。） 易错提示： (1) “countryside” 前必须加定冠词 “the”，不能说 “in countryside”； (2) 与 “in the city” 相对，可用于对比城乡生活（如：Living in the countryside is quieter than in the city. 住在乡村比住在城市更安静。） 拓展延伸（相关词汇 + 搭配） 相关词汇：rural area（乡村地区，书面用语）、village（村庄，具体的乡村地点） 常见搭配：grow up in the countryside（在乡村长大，如：She grew up in the countryside. 她在乡村长大。）、work in the countryside（在乡村工作，如：He works in the countryside as a teacher. 他在乡村当老师。） 分层闯关练习 (1) 基础题（单句填空，巩固搭配） Many old people like living ______ ______ ______（在乡村）because of the fresh air. 答案：in the countryside； 解析：固定短语，表示乡村这个地点） (2) 变式题（同义转换，灵活运用） He grew up in a rural area. → He grew up ______ ______ ______. 答案：in the countryside； 解析：“rural area” 与 “countryside” 意思相近，可转换） (3) 语境题（情景补全，强化理解） —Do you prefer living in the city or ______ ______ ______? —I prefer the countryside. It's more peaceful. 答案：in the countryside； 解析：根据答语可知是与城市对比，问是否喜欢住在乡村） 4. from an early age（从很小时候起） 语境溯源（教材原句 + 生活场景） 教材延伸：From an early age, he showed great intelligence and artistic talent.（他从小就展现出极高的智商和艺术天赋。） 生活场景：My brother has been playing basketball from an early age and now he is on the school team.（我弟弟从很小时候起就一直打篮球，现在他在校队里。） 用法点睛（句型 + 易错点） 核心句型：常与一般过去时或现在完成时连用，强调行为或状态从幼年开始持续 易错提示： (1) 不能省略 “an”，必须是 “from an early age”； (2) 与 “when he/she was young” 意思相近，但 “from an early age” 更强调从幼年开始的持续性。 拓展延伸（近义短语 + 时态搭配） 近义短语：since childhood（自童年起，如：They have been friends since childhood. 他们从童年起就是朋友。） 时态搭配：多与延续性动词连用（如：learn, study, live），不与瞬间动词（如：start, begin）直接搭配（如：He has learned English from an early age. 他从很小时候起就一直在学英语。） 分层闯关练习 (1) 基础题（单句填空，巩固搭配） The scientist has been interested in space ______ ______ ______ ______（从很小时候起）. 答案：from an early age； 解析：固定短语，与现在完成时连用，体现从幼年开始的持续兴趣） (2) 变式题（同义转换，灵活运用） She has loved reading since she was a little girl. → She has loved reading ______ ______ ______ ______. 答案：from an early age； 解析：“since she was a little girl” 与 “from an early age” 意思相近，可转换） (3) 语境题（情景选择，强化理解） —When did he start to practice the piano? —______ ______ ______ ______, he has been practicing it every day. A. From an early age B. In the early age C. At early age 答案：A； 解析：“from an early age” 是固定短语，意为 “从很小时候起”，符合语境，B、C 搭配错误） 5. showed great intelligence（展现出极高的智慧） 语境溯源（教材原句 + 生活场景） 教材延伸：From an early age, he showed great intelligence and artistic talent.（他从小就展现出极高的智商和艺术天赋。） 生活场景：The scientist showed great intelligence in developing the new technology.（这位科学家在研发新技术时展现出了极高的智慧。） 用法点睛（句型 + 易错点） 核心句型：show（过去式 showed）+ great intelligence + 时间 / 方式状语（如 when doing sth.，in sth.） 易错提示： (1) “intelligence” 是不可数名词，不能加 “s”； (2) 时态要根据语境调整，现在时用 “shows”，过去时用 “showed”； (3) “show” 在这里是 “表现出、展现” 的意思，不要理解为 “展示、出示”。 拓展延伸（近义 / 反义短语 + 场景运用） 近义短语：display high intelligence（如：She displayed high intelligence in the exam. 她在考试中展现出了高智商。） 反义短语：lack intelligence（如：His plan lacks intelligence and is not practical. 他的计划缺乏智慧，不切实际。） 场景运用：可用于描述人在解决问题、学习、研究等各种场景中展现出的智慧，如：The leader showed great intelligence in handling the crisis.（这位领导人在处理危机时展现出了极高的智慧。） 分层闯关练习 (1) 基础题（单句填空，巩固搭配） The girl ______ ______ ______（展现出极高的智慧）when making the difficult decision. 答案：showed great intelligence； 解析：“show great intelligence” 为固定搭配，根据语境用过去式） (2) 变式题（同义转换，灵活运用） He displayed high intelligence in the experiment. → He ______ ______ ______ in the experiment. 答案：showed great intelligence； 解析：“display high intelligence” 与 “show great intelligence” 意思相近，可转换） (3) 语境题（情景选择，强化理解） —How did he solve such a complex problem? —He ______ ______ ______ and found a simple way. A. showed great interest B. showed great intelligence C. showed great concern 答案：B； 解析：A 选项 “showed great interest” 意为 “表现出极大兴趣”，C 选项 “showed great concern” 意为 “表现出极大关心”，B 选项 “showed great intelligence” 符合语境，指靠智慧找到方法） 6. artistic talent（艺术天赋） 语境溯源（教材原句 + 生活场景） 教材延伸：From an early age, he showed great intelligence and artistic talent.（他从小就展现出极高的智商和艺术天赋。） 生活场景：The young painter's artistic talent was praised by many experts.（这位年轻画家的艺术天赋受到了许多专家的称赞。） 用法点睛（搭配 + 易错点） 核心搭配：show/exhibit great artistic talent（展现 / 显露极高的艺术天赋）；develop artistic talent（培养艺术天赋） 易错提示： (1) “artistic” 是形容词，用来修饰 “talent”，不能用 “art” 代替； (2) “talent” 是不可数名词，“artistic talent” 整体表示 “艺术天赋” 这一概念； (3) 常与 “notice”“praise”“have” 等动词搭配使用。 拓展延伸（相关领域短语 + 场景运用） 相关领域短语：musical talent（音乐天赋）、literary talent（文学天赋）、dancing talent（舞蹈天赋） 场景运用：用于描述人在绘画、音乐、舞蹈、文学等艺术领域的天赋，如：His musical talent made him a famous singer.（他的音乐天赋使他成为了一名著名的歌手。） 分层闯关练习 (1) 基础题（单句填空，巩固搭配） The child's ______ ______（艺术天赋）was shown in his wonderful paintings. 答案：artistic talent； 解析：“artistic talent” 为固定名词短语，此处作主语） (2) 变式题（同义转换，灵活运用） She has a lot of talent in art. → She has a lot of ______ ______. 答案：artistic talent； 解析：“talent in art” 与 “artistic talent” 意思相近，可转换） (3) 语境题（情景补全，强化理解） —Why is she so good at dancing? —She has great ______ ______ and practices hard. 答案：artistic talent； 解析：结合语境，擅长跳舞是因为有艺术天赋，“artistic talent” 符合题意） 7. as he grew older（随着他年龄的增长） 语境溯源（教材原句 + 生活场景） 教材延伸：As he grew older, he learnt to do many different things.（随着年龄的增长，他学会了做许多不同的事情。） 生活场景：As she grew older, she became more understanding.（随着她年龄的增长，她变得更善解人意了。） 用法点睛（句型 + 易错点） 核心句型：as 引导时间状语从句（grew older），主句用一般过去时（描述随之发生的变化） 易错提示： (1) “grew” 是 “grow” 的过去式，不要写成 “growed”； (2) 主句和从句的时态要保持一致，都用一般过去时； (3) “as” 在这里是 “随着” 的意思，引导时间状语从句，不能省略。 拓展延伸（同义句型 + 替换表达） 同义句型：with his growing up（如：With his growing up, he learned many skills. 随着他的成长，他学会了很多技能。） 替换表达：as he got older（更口语化，如：As he got older, he traveled to many places. 随着他年龄的增长，他去了很多地方旅行。） 分层闯关练习 (1) 基础题（单句填空，巩固搭配） ______ ______ ______ ______（随着他年龄的增长）, he became more responsible. 答案：As he grew older； 解析：“as he grew older” 为固定句型，引导时间状语从句） (2) 变式题（同义转换，灵活运用） With his growing up, he became more independent. → ______ ______ ______ ______, he became more independent. 答案：As he grew older； 解析：“with his growing up” 与 “as he grew older” 意思相近，可转换） (3) 语境题（情景选择，强化理解） —How did his hobby change? —______ ______ ______ ______, he changed from playing games to reading books. A. As he grows older B. As he grew older C. When he grows older 答案：B； 解析：主句用了一般过去时，从句也要用一般过去时，A、C 选项时态不符，故选 B） 8. a type of（一种） 语境溯源（教材原句 + 生活场景） 教材延伸：Dinosaurs are a type of prehistoric animal.（恐龙是一种史前动物。） 生活场景：Tea is a type of drink that many people like.（茶是很多人喜欢的一种饮品。） 用法点睛（搭配 + 辨析） 核心搭配：a type of + 可数名词单数 / 不可数名词（用于说明事物的类别） 易错提示： (1) 与 “a kind of” 意思相近，但 “type” 更强调 “类型、种类” 的系统性，“kind” 更口语化； (2) 后面接可数名词单数时，名词前不用加冠词； (3) 复数形式为 “types of”，表示 “多种”。 拓展延伸（复数形式 + 场景运用） 复数形式：types of（如：There are many types of flowers in the garden. 花园里有很多种花卉。） 场景运用：常用于对事物进行分类说明，如生物、物品、学科等领域，如：Physics is a type of natural science.（物理是一种自然科学。） 分层闯关练习 (1) 基础题（单句填空，巩固搭配） This is ______ ______（一种）bird that can sing beautifully. 答案：a type of； 解析：“a type of” 为固定短语，用于说明事物类别） (2) 变式题（同义转换，灵活运用） A tiger is a kind of wild animal. → A tiger is ______ ______ wild animal. 答案：a type of； 解析：“a kind of” 与 “a type of” 意思相近，可转换） (3) 语境题（情景选择，强化理解） —What is this? —It's ______ ______ plant that can cure some diseases. A. a type of B. a type for C. a kind with 答案：A； 解析：“a type of” 是正确搭配，意为 “一种”，B、C 选项搭配错误） 9. be related to（与…… 属于同一种类） 语境溯源（教材原句 + 生活场景） 教材延伸：They are related to crocodiles, snakes and lizards.（它们与鳄鱼、蛇和蜥蜴有亲缘关系。） 生活场景：Genetic studies show that dogs are related to wolves.（基因研究表明，狗和狼属于同一种类。） 用法点睛（句型 + 易错点） 核心句型：A be related to B（A 与 B 属于同一种类 / 有亲缘关系） 易错提示： (1) 固定搭配为 “to”，不能用 “with” 替代，不可说 “be related with”； (2) 主语通常为事物，强调两者之间的关联性； (3) 时态根据语境而定，描述客观事实时用一般现在时。 拓展延伸（近义 / 反义短语 + 场景运用） 近义短语：be connected with（如：This event is connected with that accident. 这件事和那次事故有关联。） 反义短语：be unrelated to（如：His opinion is unrelated to the topic. 他的观点和这个话题无关。） 场景运用：可用于生物学中物种亲缘关系描述，也可用于一般事物关联性说明，如：These two problems are related to each other.（这两个问题相互关联。） 分层闯关练习 (1) 基础题（单句填空，巩固搭配） Studies have shown that this ancient culture ______ ______ ______（与…… 属于同一种类）the one we discovered earlier. 答案：is related to； 解析：“be related to” 为固定短语，描述客观事实用一般现在时） (2) 变式题（同义转换，灵活运用） There is a connection between these two species. → These two species ______ ______ ______ each other. 答案：are related to； 解析：“there is a connection between...” 与 “be related to” 意思相近，可转换） (3) 语境题（情景选择，强化理解） —Are cats ______ ______ tigers? —Yes, they both belong to the feline family. A. related with B. related to C. connected for 答案：B； 解析：“be related to” 是正确搭配，意为 “与…… 属于同一种类”，A、C 选项搭配错误） 10. die out（灭绝） 语境溯源（教材原句 + 生活场景） 教材延伸：About 66 million years ago, dinosaurs suddenly died out.（大约 6600 万年前，恐龙突然灭绝了。） 生活场景：Some rare languages are dying out because few people speak them.（一些稀有语言因为很少有人说而正在灭绝。） 用法点睛（用法 + 时态） 核心用法：不及物动词短语，无被动语态，主语多为物种、习俗、语言等 易错提示： (1) 不能用于被动句，不可说 “Dinosaurs were died out”； (2) 表示 “正在灭绝” 用现在进行时 “dying out”；表示 “已经灭绝” 用一般过去时 “died out”；表示 “将要灭绝” 用一般将来时 “will die out”。 拓展延伸（同义短语 + 近义区别） 同义短语：become extinct（如：Many species became extinct last century. 上个世纪很多物种灭绝了。） 近义区别：die off（指一群生物逐一死亡，如：The plants died off because of the drought. 因为干旱，这些植物陆续枯死了。）与 die out（指彻底消失）不同。 分层闯关练习 (1) 基础题（单句填空，巩固搭配） If we don't take action, this kind of rare bird ______ ______（灭绝）in a few years. 答案：will die out； 解析：“die out” 为不及物短语，根据语境用一般将来时） (2) 变式题（同义转换，灵活运用） Many ancient customs became extinct over time. → Many ancient customs ______ ______ over time. 答案：died out； 解析：“became extinct” 与 “died out” 意思相近，可转换） (3) 语境题（情景补全，强化理解） —Why should we protect wild animals? —Because some of them are ______ ______ and we may never see them again. 答案：dying out； 解析：结合语境，需要保护动物是因为一些正在灭绝，“dying out” 表示 “正在灭绝”） 11. prefer to do sth.（更喜欢做某事） 语境溯源（教材原句 + 生活场景） 教材延伸：Nowadays, most people use encyclopaedias online, but some still prefer to use paper encyclopaedias.（如今，大多数人使用在线百科全书，但也有一些人仍然偏爱纸质百科全书。） 生活场景：My father prefers to go fishing on weekends.（我爸爸周末更喜欢去钓鱼。） 用法点睛（句型 + 易错点） 核心句型：prefer to do sth.（表示在两者中更倾向于做某事）；prefer to do sth. rather than do sth.（比起做某事，更喜欢做某事） 易错提示： (1) “prefer” 的第三人称单数形式是 “prefers”； (2) 反义词组是 “prefer not to do sth.”（更喜欢不做某事）； (3) “prefer” 后接不定式 “to do”，不要与 “prefer doing sth. to doing sth.” 混淆，后者接动名词。 拓展延伸（同义转换 + 场景运用） 同义转换：would rather do sth.（如：She would rather read books at home. 她更喜欢在家看书。） 场景运用：用于表达个人喜好、选择，如：He prefers to walk to school rather than take a bus.（比起坐公交，他更喜欢步行上学。） 分层闯关练习 (1) 基础题（单句填空，巩固搭配） She ______ ______ ______（更喜欢听）music while doing homework. 答案：prefers to listen； 解析：“prefer to do sth.” 为固定句型，主语是第三人称单数，“prefer” 用 “prefers”） (2) 变式题（同义转换，灵活运用） He would rather play basketball than football. → He ______ ______ ______ basketball than football. 答案：prefers to play； 解析：“would rather do...than...” 与 “prefer to do...than...” 意思相近，可转换） (3) 语境题（情景选择，强化理解） —What do you usually do in the evening? —I ______ ______ watch TV ______ go out for a walk. A. prefer; to B. prefer to; rather than C. would; rather 答案：B； 解析：“prefer to do...rather than do...” 是固定句型，意为 “比起做某事，更喜欢做某事”，符合语境） 12. general education（通识教育） 语境溯源（教材原句 + 生活场景） 教材延伸：The word “encyclopaedia” comes from a Greek word that means “general education”.（“encyclopaedia”（百科全书）一词源自希腊语，其原意是 “普通教育”（或 “全面教育”）。） 生活场景：General education helps students broaden their horizons.（通识教育帮助学生开阔视野。） 用法点睛（定义 + 对比） 核心定义：涵盖多个学科领域、培养综合素养的教育 易错提示： (1) 与 “professional education（专业教育）” 相对； (2) “general” 不能替换为 “common”，“general education” 是固定表达。 拓展延伸（相关表达 + 作用描述） 相关表达：liberal education（人文教育，与通识教育相近） 作用描述：help understand different fields（帮助了解不同领域）、develop all-round abilities（培养综合能力） 分层闯关练习 (1) 基础题（单句填空，巩固搭配） ______ ______（通识教育）is beneficial to students' overall development. 答案：General education； 解析：“general education” 为固定短语，句首首字母大写） (2) 变式题（同义转换，灵活运用） Liberal education is important for students' all-round development. → ______ ______ is important for students' all-round development. 答案：General education； 解析：“liberal education” 与 “general education” 意思相近，可转换） (3) 语境题（情景选择，强化理解） —What kind of education can help students learn various knowledge? —______ ______ can do that. A. General education B. Special education C. Professional education 答案：A； 解析：通识教育能帮助学生学习各种知识，B 是特殊教育，C 是专业教育，故选 A） 13. go back a long way（历史悠久） 语境溯源（教材原句 + 生活场景） 教材延伸：Encyclopaedias in other parts of the world also go back a long way in history.（世界其他地区的百科全书在历史上也有着悠久的渊源。）P14 生活场景：The old temple in this town goes back a long way.（这个小镇上的古老寺庙历史悠久。） 用法点睛（主语 + 时态） 核心主语：多为 “tradition”“custom”“friendship”“building” 等抽象或具体事物 易错提示： (1) 无被动语态，不能说 “is gone back a long way”； (2) 常用一般现在时，描述客观存在的悠久历史； (3) 不能颠倒语序说成 “go a long way back”。 拓展延伸（同义表达 + 近义区别） 同义表达：have a long history（如：This city has a long history. 这座城市历史悠久。） 近义区别：date back to（后接具体时间，如：The tradition dates back to the Ming Dynasty. 这个传统可追溯到明朝。） 分层闯关练习 (1) 基础题（单句填空，巩固搭配） The friendship between the two countries ______ ______ ______ ______（历史悠久）. 答案：goes back a long way； 解析：“go back a long way” 为固定短语，主语是第三人称单数，“go” 用 “goes”） (2) 变式题（同义转换，灵活运用） This custom has a long history. → This custom ______ ______ ______ ______. 答案：goes back a long way； 解析：“has a long history” 与 “goes back a long way” 意思相近，可转换） (3) 语境题（情景补全，强化理解） —How old is this festival? —It ______ ______ ______ ______ and has been celebrated for centuries. 答案：goes back a long way； 解析：结合语境，节日历史悠久，“goes back a long way” 符合题意） 14. be similar to（与…… 相似） 语境溯源（教材原句 + 生活场景） 教材延伸：They were similar to early Chinese encyclopaedias because they included works by different scholars.（它们与早期中国的百科全书相似，因为它们包含了不同学者的著作。） 生活场景：Her hairstyle is similar to her sister's.（她的发型和她姐姐的相似。） 用法点睛（搭配 + 反义） 核心搭配：be similar to + 比较对象（表示两者在某方面相似） 易错提示： (1) 固定搭配为 “to”，不能用 “with”，不可说 “be similar with”； (2) 反义词组是 “be different from”（与…… 不同）； (3) 可在 “similar” 前加 “very”“quite” 等词修饰程度。 拓展延伸（名词形式 + 场景运用） 名词形式：similarity（相似之处，如：There are many similarities between the two cities. 这两个城市有很多相似之处。） 场景运用：可用于比较物品、人物特征、事物性质等，如：The climate here is similar to that in my hometown.（这里的气候和我家乡的相似。） 分层闯关练习 (1) 基础题（单句填空，巩固搭配） His way of thinking ______ ______ ______（与…… 相似）his father's. 答案：is similar to； 解析：“be similar to” 为固定短语，描述客观情况用一般现在时） (2) 变式题（反义转换，灵活运用） This car is different from that one in color. → This car ______ ______ ______ that one in color. 答案：isn't similar to； 解析：“be different from” 的反义是 “be not similar to”） (3) 语境题（情景选择，强化理解） —Your new schoolbag looks ______ ______ mine. —Yes, they are from the same store. A. similar to B. same as C. similar with 答案：A； 解析：“be similar to” 是正确搭配，“same as” 前需加 “the”，C 选项搭配错误，故选 A） 15. organize the entry（组织条目） 语境溯源（教材原句 + 生活场景） 教材延伸：Centuries later, the editors ofthe first modern 20 encyclopaedias, like the Encyclopaedia Britannica, organized the entries in alphabetical order.（几个世纪后，首批现代百科全书（如《大英百科全书》）的编辑们，将条目按字母顺序进行了编排。） 生活场景：The students are busy organizing the entries of the school exhibition.（学生们正忙着组织学校展览的条目。） 用法点睛（搭配 + 词性） 核心搭配：organize + 复数 entries（条目常用复数形式）；by subject/topic（按主题组织） 易错提示： (1) “organize” 是动词，名词形式是 “organization”； (2) “entry” 的复数形式是 “entries”，不要写成 “entrys”； (3) 常与 “spend time”“need to” 等搭配使用。 拓展延伸（同类短语 + 场景运用） 同类短语：arrange the items（整理项目）、classify the data（分类数据） 场景运用：常用于编辑、整理词典、展览、档案等中的条目，如：We need to organize the entries before the meeting.（开会前我们需要整理好条目。） 分层闯关练习 (1) 基础题（单句填空，巩固搭配） The librarian is ______ ______ ______（组织条目）of the new books. 答案：organizing the entries； 解析：“organize the entries” 为固定短语，此处用现在进行时） (2) 变式题（同义转换，灵活运用） They arranged the entries by category. → They ______ ______ ______ by category. 答案：organized the entries； 解析：“arrange the entries” 与 “organize the entries” 意思相近，可转换） (3) 语境题（情景选择，强化理解） —What are you doing? —I'm ______ ______ ______ for the school magazine. A. organizing the entries B. arranging the entry C. classifying the entry 答案：A； 解析：“entries” 常用复数形式，B、C 选项用了单数，故选 A） 16. in alphabetical order（按字母顺序排列） 语境溯源（教材原句 + 生活场景） 教材延伸：Centuries later, the editors ofthe first modern 20 encyclopaedias, like the Encyclopaedia Britannica, organized the entries in alphabetical order.（几个世纪后，首批现代百科全书（如《大英百科全书》）的编辑们，将条目按字母顺序进行了编排。） 生活场景：The teacher asked us to write the English names in alphabetical order.（老师让我们按字母顺序写英文名。） 用法点睛（搭配 + 结构） 核心搭配：be listed/arranged in alphabetical order（被列 / 排列为字母顺序） 易错提示： (1) 固定短语，“in” 不能换成 “on”“with” 等介词； (2) “alphabetical” 是形容词，修饰 “order”，不要写成 “alphabet order”。 拓展延伸（同类表达 + 场景运用） 同类表达：in numerical order（按数字顺序）、in time order（按时间顺序） 场景运用：常用于整理名单、词汇、资料等，如：The files are stored in alphabetical order for easy reference.（这些文件按字母顺序存放，方便查阅。） 分层闯关练习 (1) 基础题（单句填空，巩固搭配） Please arrange these English words ______ ______ ______（按字母顺序）. 答案：in alphabetical order； 解析：“in alphabetical order” 为固定短语，表排列方式） (2) 变式题（同义转换，灵活运用） The names are listed according to the order of the alphabet. → The names are listed ______ ______ ______. 答案：in alphabetical order； 解析：“according to the order of the alphabet” 与 “in alphabetical order” 意思相近，可转换） (3) 语境题（情景补全，强化理解） —How are the words in this book organized? —They are arranged ______ ______ ______ so that readers can find them easily. 答案：in alphabetical order； 解析：结合语境，书里的单词按字母顺序排列方便查找，“in alphabetical order” 符合题意） 17. play an important role（起到重要作用） 语境溯源（教材原句 + 生活场景） 教材延伸：Encyclopaedias have played an important role through history in recording and providing information.（纵观历史，百科全书在记录和提供信息方面发挥了重要作用。）P14 生活场景：Volunteers play an important role in the community service.（志愿者在社区服务中起到重要作用。） 用法点睛（句型 + 易错点） 核心句型：play + 形容词 + role + in + 领域（表示在某领域起到某种作用） 易错提示： (1) “role” 是可数名词，“an important role” 不能遗漏 “an”； (2) “important” 可替换为 “key”“vital” 等形容词； (3) “in” 后接名词或动名词，不能接动词原形。 拓展延伸（同义短语 + 被动形式） 同义短语：play an important part（如：Technology plays an important part in daily life. 科技在日常生活中起到重要作用。） 被动形式：An important role is played by...（如：An important role is played by teachers in education. 教师在教育中起到重要作用。） 分层闯关练习 (1) 基础题（单句填空，巩固搭配） Communication ______ ______ ______ ______（起到重要作用）in maintaining good relationships. 答案：plays an important role； 解析：“play an important role in” 为固定短语，主语是第三人称单数，“play” 用 “plays”） (2) 变式题（同义转换，灵活运用） Technology plays a key part in modern industry. → Technology ______ ______ ______ ______ in modern industry. 答案：plays an important role； 解析：“play a key part in” 与 “play an important role in” 意思相近，可转换） (3) 语境题（情景选择，强化理解） —What do you think of teamwork? —I think everyone ______ ______ ______ ______ in a team. A. plays an important role B. takes an important part C. makes an important role 答案：A； 解析：“play an important role” 是正确搭配，B、C 选项搭配错误） 短语综合练习及答案解析 I. 词义辨析题（15 道） 1. The phrase "die out" is closest in meaning to which of the following? A. disappear completely B. grow quickly C. stay alive D. come back 答案：A 解析："die out" 意为 “灭绝”，与 “disappear completely”（完全消失）意思相近。B “快速生长”、C “存活”、D “回归” 均不符合。 2. Which phrase has a similar meaning to "from an early age"? A. when getting old B. since being young C. in the future D. at times 答案：B 解析："from an early age" 指 “从很小时候起”，与 “since being young”（从年轻时起）意思相近。A “变老时”、C “未来”、D “有时” 均不符。 3. The meaning of "be born in sp." is most similar to ______. A. grow up in sp. B. live in sp. C. come into the world in sp. D. work in sp. 答案：C 解析："be born in sp." 表示 “出生在某地”，与 “come into the world in sp.”（在某地出生）意思一致。A “在某地长大”、B “在某地生活”、D “在某地工作” 均不同。 4. Which of the following is closest to "general education"? A. special training B. basic and wide knowledge learning C. professional courses D. skill practice 答案：B 解析："general education" 是 “通识教育”，指基础且广泛的知识学习，与 B 意思相近。A “特殊训练”、C “专业课程”、D “技能练习” 均不符。 5. The phrase "prefer to do sth." is similar to ______. A. hate to do sth. B. like to do sth. more C. try to do sth. D. forget to do sth. 答案：B 解析："prefer to do sth." 意为 “更喜欢做某事”，与 “like to do sth. more” 意思相近。A “讨厌做某事”、C “努力做某事”、D “忘记做某事” 均不同。 6. What does "go back a long way" mean? A. have a long history B. walk a long distance C. return early D. go home late 答案：A 解析："go back a long way" 表示 “历史悠久”，与 A 意思一致。B “走很长距离”、C “早回”、D “晚回家” 均不符。 7. Which is similar to "showed great intelligence"? A. was very foolish B. had little knowledge C. displayed high wisdom D. was not clever 答案：C 解析："showed great intelligence" 指 “展现出极高的智慧”，与 “displayed high wisdom”（展现出高智慧）意思相近。A “很愚蠢”、B “知识少”、D “不聪明” 均相反。 8. The meaning of "be similar to" is closest to ______. A. be different from B. be the same as C. be like D. be far from 答案：C 解析："be similar to" 意为 “与…… 相似”，与 “be like”（像……）意思相近。A“与…… 不同”、B“与…… 相同”、D“远离……” 均不符。 9. Which phrase is close to "artistic talent"? A. musical instrument B. skill in art C. sports ability D. language study 答案：B 解析："artistic talent" 是 “艺术天赋”，与 “skill in art”（艺术技能）意思相近。A “乐器”、C “运动能力”、D “语言学习” 均不同。 10. "Organize the entry" is closest in meaning to ______. A. arrange the items B. delete the records C. copy the files D. read the books 答案：A 解析："organize the entry" 指 “组织条目”，与 “arrange the items”（整理项目）意思相近。B “删除记录”、C “复制文件”、D “读书” 均不符。 11. What does "as he grew older" mean? A. when he was young B. as he became younger C. as he got older D. when he was born 答案：C 解析："as he grew older" 表示 “随着他年龄的增长”，与 “as he got older” 意思一致。A “他年轻时”、B “他变年轻时”、D “他出生时” 均不符。 12. "In alphabetical order" is similar to ______. A. in number order B. in the order of letters C. in size order D. in time order 答案：B 解析："in alphabetical order" 指 “按字母顺序排列”，与 “in the order of letters” 意思相近。A “按数字顺序”、C “按大小顺序”、D “按时间顺序” 均不同。 13. Which is closest to "a type of"? A. a kind of B. a lot of C. a few of D. a pair of 答案：A 解析："a type of" 意为 “一种”，与 “a kind of” 意思相同。B “许多”、C “一些”、D “一对” 均不符。 14. The phrase "play an important role" is similar to ______. A. have a small part B. take an important position C. do nothing D. make no difference 答案：B 解析："play an important role" 表示 “起到重要作用”，与 “take an important position”（占据重要地位）意思相近。A “有小作用”、C “什么都不做”、D “没影响” 均不符。 15. "Be related to" is closest in meaning to ______. A. be connected with B. be far from C. be different from D. be afraid of 答案：A 解析："be related to" 指 “与…… 属于同一种类”，与 “be connected with”（与…… 有联系）意思相近。B“远离……”、C“与…… 不同”、D“害怕……” 均不符。 II. 单项选择题（15 道） 1. She ______ a small town in Guangdong. A. was born in B. died out C. was talented in D. preferred to 答案：A 解析：句意为 “她出生在广东的一个小镇”，"was born in"（出生在……）符合语境。B “灭绝”、C“在…… 有天赋”、D “更喜欢” 均不符。 2. This old custom will ______ if no one protects it. A. be born in B. die out C. be talented in D. prefer to 答案：B 解析：句意为 “如果没人保护，这个古老习俗会灭绝”，"die out"（灭绝）符合。A“出生在……”、C“在…… 有天赋”、D “更喜欢” 均不符。 3. He ______ drawing when he was five. A. showed great intelligence B. in the countryside C. was talented in D. go back a long way 答案：C 解析：句意为 “他五岁时在绘画方面有天赋”，"was talented in"（在…… 有天赋）符合。A “展现出极高智慧”、B “在乡村”（介词短语，不能作谓语）、D “历史悠久” 均不符。 4. They ______ stay at home rather than go out on rainy days. A. prefer to B. die out C. be similar to D. play an important role 答案：A 解析：句意为 “雨天他们更喜欢待在家而不是出去”，"prefer to"（更喜欢）符合。B “灭绝”、C“与…… 相似”、D “起到重要作用” 均不符。 5. My grandparents lived ______ for many years. A. general education B. in the countryside C. from an early age D. as he grew older 答案：B 解析：句意为 “我祖父母在乡村住了很多年”，"in the countryside"（在乡村）符合。A “通识教育”、C “从很小时候起”、D “随着他年龄增长” 均不符。 6. ______, she was interested in music. A. From an early age B. Die out C. Be born in sp. D. Go back a long way 答案：A 解析：句意为 “从很小时候起，她就对音乐感兴趣”，"From an early age"（从很小时候起）符合。B “灭绝”、C “出生在某地”、D “历史悠久” 均不符。 7. The friendship between the two families ______. A. showed great intelligence B. goes back a long way C. artistic talent D. organize the entry 答案：B 解析：句意为 “这两家人的友谊历史悠久”，"goes back a long way"（历史悠久）符合。A “展现出极高智慧”、C “艺术天赋”、D “组织条目” 均不符。 8. The little boy ______ in solving math problems. A. was similar to B. organized the entry C. showed great intelligence D. in alphabetical order 答案：C 解析：句意为 “这个小男孩在解数学题方面展现出极高的智慧”，"showed great intelligence"（展现出极高的智慧）符合。A“与…… 相似”、B “组织条目”、D “按字母顺序排列” 均不符。 9. Her painting style ______ her mother's. A. be similar to B. is similar to C. was similar to D. are similar to 答案：B 解析：句意为 “她的绘画风格与她妈妈的相似”，主语是 “style”（单数），用一般现在时，"is similar to"（与…… 相似）符合。A 无时态、C 过去时（语境无过去提示）、D 复数形式均不符。 10. He has a great ______ for music. A. artistic talent B. general education C. a type of D. be related to 答案：A 解析：句意为 “他有很棒的音乐艺术天赋”，"artistic talent"（艺术天赋）符合。B “通识教育”、C “一种”、D“与…… 属于同一种类” 均不符。 11. She spent two hours ______ for the competition. A. organizing the entry B. as he grew older C. in alphabetical order D. play an important role 答案：A 解析：句意为 “她花了两小时为比赛组织条目”，"organizing the entry"（组织条目）符合。B “随着他年龄增长”、C “按字母顺序排列”、D “起到重要作用” 均不符。 12. ______, he became more and more mature. A. Artistic talent B. As he grew older C. General education D. A type of 答案：B 解析：句意为 “随着他年龄增长，他变得越来越成熟”，"As he grew older"（随着他年龄的增长）符合。A “艺术天赋”、C “通识教育”、D “一种” 均不符。 13. Please put these books ______. A. in alphabetical order B. from an early age C. go back a long way D. be related to 答案：A 解析：句意为 “请把这些书按字母顺序排列”，"in alphabetical order"（按字母顺序排列）符合。B “从很小时候起”、C “历史悠久”、D“与…… 属于同一种类” 均不符。 14. This is ______ bird I have never seen before. A. play an important role B. a type of C. be related to D. die out 答案：B 解析：句意为 “这是一种我从未见过的鸟”，"a type of"（一种）符合。A “起到重要作用”、C“与…… 属于同一种类”、D “灭绝” 均不符。 15. Volunteers ______ in helping the poor. A. play an important role B. be born in sp. C. from an early age D. artistic talent 答案：A 解析：句意为 “志愿者在帮助穷人方面起到重要作用”，"play an important role"（起到重要作用）符合。B “出生在某地”、C “从很小时候起”、D “艺术天赋” 均不符。 III. 语法单项选择题（15 道） 1. Many rare animals ______ if we don't protect them. A. die out B. dies out C. will die out D. died out 答案：C 解析：if 引导的条件状语从句，“主将从现”，主句用一般将来时，"will die out"（将会灭绝）符合。A 一般现在时、B 第三人称单数（主语是复数）、D 一般过去时均不符。 2. She ______ in a big city in 2005. A. is born B. was born C. will be born D. be born 答案：B 解析：句中有过去时间 “2005”，用一般过去时，"was born"（出生）符合。A 一般现在时、C 一般将来时、D 无时态均不符。 3. He ______ in music since he was a child. A. is talented B. was talented C. has been talented D. will be talented 答案：C 解析："since he was a child"（从他小时候起）是现在完成时标志，"has been talented"（一直有天赋）符合。A 一般现在时、B 一般过去时、D 一般将来时均不符。 4. My sister ______ read books rather than watch TV. A. prefer to B. prefers to C. preferred to D. will prefer to 答案：B 解析：主语 “my sister” 是第三人称单数，描述一般情况，用一般现在时，"prefers to"（更喜欢）符合。A 原形、C 过去时、D 将来时均不符。 5. They ______ in the countryside for ten years. A. live B. lives C. lived D. have lived 答案：D 解析：“for ten years”（十年了）是现在完成时标志，"have lived"（住了）符合。A 一般现在时（原形）、B 第三人称单数、C 一般过去时均不符。 6. She ______ interested in painting from an early age. A. is B. was C. has been D. will be 答案：B 解析：“from an early age”（从很小时候起）描述过去情况，用一般过去时，"was" 符合。A 一般现在时、C 现在完成时（无持续动作提示）、D 将来时均不符。 7. The tradition ______ for over 500 years. A. goes back a long way B. went back a long way C. has gone back a long way D. will go back a long way 答案：C 解析：“for over 500 years”（超过 500 年）是现在完成时标志，"has gone back a long way"（有悠久历史）符合。A 一般现在时、B 一般过去时、D 将来时均不符。 8. The student ______ great intelligence in the science competition last week. A. shows B. showed C. will show D. is showing 答案：B 解析：“last week”（上周）是过去时间，用一般过去时，"showed"（展现）符合。A 一般现在时、C 将来时、D 现在进行时均不符。 9. Your idea ______ mine in many ways. A. is similar to B. was similar to C. are similar to D. were similar to 答案：A 解析：主语 “your idea” 是单数，描述一般情况，用一般现在时，"is similar to"（与…… 相似）符合。B 过去时（无过去提示）、C 复数形式、D 复数过去时均不符。 10. She ______ artistic talent since she started learning painting. A. has B. had C. has had D. will have 答案：C 解析：“since she started learning painting”（自从她开始学画画）是现在完成时标志，"has had"（拥有）符合。A 一般现在时、B 一般过去时、D 将来时均不符。 11. They ______ the entry for the exhibition now. A. organize B. organizes C. organized D. are organizing 答案：D 解析：“now”（现在）是现在进行时标志，"are organizing"（正在组织）符合。A 一般现在时（原形）、B 第三人称单数、C 一般过去时均不符。 12. ______ , he began to understand his parents' love. A. As he grows older B. As he grew older C. As he will grow older D. As he is growing older 答案：B 解析：后半句 “began” 是过去时，前后时态一致，用一般过去时，"As he grew older"（随着他长大）符合。A 一般现在时、C 将来时、D 现在进行时均不符。 13. These words ______ in alphabetical order by the teacher yesterday. A. put B. are put C. were put D. will be put 答案：C 解析：“yesterday”（昨天）是过去时间，主语 “words” 是被放置，用一般过去时被动语态，"were put"（被放置）符合。A 主动语态、B 一般现在时被动、D 将来时被动均不符。 14. This ______ plant is very rare in our country. A. is a type of B. a type of C. was a type of D. are a type of 答案：B 解析：句中已有 be 动词 “is”，此处需定语，"a type of"（一种）符合语法。A 多余 be 动词、C 过去时、D 复数形式均不符。 15. Technology ______ an important role in our daily life now. A. plays B. played C. will play D. is playing 答案：A 解析：“now” 描述当前常态，用一般现在时，主语 “technology” 是单数，"plays"（起到）符合。B 过去时、C 将来时、D 现在进行时（无正在进行提示）均不符。 IV. 完形填空题（1 篇，10 个空） Lisa was a girl with a strong love for art. She 1______ a small village in the north of the country, where nature provided endless inspiration for her drawings. From an early age, she 2______ in painting, often spending hours sketching the flowers and trees around her home. Her parents noticed that she had great 3______ and encouraged her to take art classes. As she grew older, Lisa's skills improved greatly. Her style was 4______ that of a famous artist in the nearby city, which surprised her teachers. She 5______ spend time practicing rather than watching TV, and her hard work paid off when she won a local art competition. The competition required participants to 6______ of their works, which were then displayed 7______. Lisa's painting, which showed a beautiful scene of 8______, caught everyone's attention. The judges said her work 9______ in showing the beauty of rural life. Now, Lisa hopes to study 10______ in college, as she wants to learn more about different art forms and share her talent with the world. 1. A. was born in B. grew up in C. settled in D. worked in 答案：A 解析：此处强调出生地点，"was born in"（出生在……）最贴合语境，与其他表示居住或工作的短语区分开。 2. A. showed great intelligence B. displayed strong interest C. had deep passion D. took great pride 答案：A 解析：后文提到花大量时间绘画，体现的是在绘画方面的智慧展现，"showed great intelligence" 更符合，其他选项侧重兴趣或情感，程度不同。 3. A. artistic talent B. musical gift C. literary ability D. sports skill 答案：A 解析：上下文围绕艺术展开，"artistic talent"（艺术天赋）与美术课呼应，其他选项涉及音乐、文学、运动，与语境不符。 4. A. similar to B. related to C. identical to D. familiar to 答案：A 解析："similar to"（与…… 相似）强调风格上的近似，"related to" 侧重关联，"identical to" 指完全相同，"familiar to" 指熟悉，此处用 "similar to" 最恰当。 5. A. preferred to B. intended to C. planned to D. decided to 答案：A 解析："preferred to"（更喜欢）体现对比选择（练习而非看电视），其他选项侧重意图或计划，无对比含义。 6. A. organize the entry B. arrange the display C. prepare the collection D. manage the exhibition 答案：A 解析："organize the entry" 特指整理作品条目，与比赛要求匹配，其他选项范围更广（展示、收藏、展览管理），不够精准。 7. A. in alphabetical order B. in chronological order C. in numerical order D. in random order 答案：A 解析：展览中作品按字母顺序排列是常见方式，"in alphabetical order" 符合语境，其他按时间、数字或随机顺序与常识不符。 8. A. in the countryside B. in the city C. in the mountain D. in the desert 答案：A 解析：后文提到 "rural life"（乡村生活），"in the countryside"（在乡村）与之呼应，其他地点与乡村生活无关。 9. A. played an important role B. had a great influence C. made a big difference D. took a key part 答案：A 解析："played an important role"（起到重要作用）侧重在某方面的功能性，与作品展现乡村美这一作用匹配，其他选项侧重影响或改变，程度不同。 10. A. general education B. art history C. creative design D. visual arts 答案：A 解析："general education"（通识教育）涵盖不同艺术形式，与 "learn more about different art forms" 呼应，其他选项为具体艺术领域，范围较窄。 V. 阅读理解题（3 篇） 短文 1 Li Ming was born in a small town in the countryside of Guangdong. From an early age, he showed great intelligence not only in math but also in science. His parents noticed that he was talented in solving all kinds of difficult problems, whether it was figuring out how a clock works or explaining why the sky is blue. As he grew older, his interest in computer science became stronger and stronger. He preferred to spend hours in front of the computer programming rather than playing games with other kids. His teachers often said that his ability to understand complex concepts was similar to that of a university student. Even when he was in middle school, he had already developed a type of software that could help organize the entry of books in the school library in alphabetical order. This achievement made his name known in the local education circle, and his story goes back a long way—his love for science started when he was only five, when he took apart his first toy car to see how it worked. Now, Li Ming is studying in a famous university, majoring in artificial intelligence. He often says that general education in his primary school played an important role in shaping his curiosity. He still keeps in touch with his primary school teachers, who always encourage him to keep exploring new fields. 1. When did Li Ming's love for science start? A. When he entered university B. At the age of five C. When he was ten D. Last year 答案：B 解析：由 “his love for science started when he was only five” 可知答案为 B。 2. What was Li Ming talented in when he was young? A. Playing games B. Programming C. Solving math problems D. Drawing 答案：C 解析：由 “he showed great intelligence not only in math... was talented in solving all kinds of difficult problems” 可知答案为 C。 3. Where was Li Ming born? A. In a big city B. In a small town in Guangdong C. In a foreign country D. In a mountain village 答案：B 解析：由 “Li Ming was born in a small town in the countryside of Guangdong” 可知答案为 B。 4. What is Li Ming studying in university now? A. To play games B. To develop software C. To organize books D. To study artificial intelligence 答案：D 解析：由 “Now, Li Ming is studying in a famous university, majoring in artificial intelligence” 可知答案为 D。 短文 2 Traditional festivals in China go back a long way, with many of them having histories that stretch over thousands of years. The Dragon Boat Festival, for example, has a history of over 2,000 years and is related to the story of Qu Yuan, a great poet from ancient China. People all over the country celebrate it by eating zongzi, holding dragon boat races, and hanging mugwort leaves on their doors. These traditions are similar to those in some other Asian countries, such as South Korea and Vietnam, where similar festivals are held to honor ancestors and pray for good luck. As time goes on, some old customs die out, but the Dragon Boat Festival still plays an important role in Chinese culture. It is not just a time for fun but also a chance for families to get together and pass down traditional values. Children from an early age learn about the story of Qu Yuan in school, and many schools organize dragon boat painting competitions to develop their artistic talent. A type of special food called "zongzi" is made with glutinous rice and various fillings, and its recipe has been passed down for generations. Even in modern cities, people make sure to celebrate this festival, showing that some traditions will never lose their importance. 5. How long is the history of the Dragon Boat Festival? A. Over 1,000 years B. Over 2,000 years C. Over 3,000 years D. Over 4,000 years 答案：B 解析：由 “The Dragon Boat Festival, for example, has a history of over 2,000 years” 可知答案为 B。 6. How do people celebrate the Dragon Boat Festival? A. Eat mooncakes B. Decorate Christmas trees C. Eat zongzi and hold dragon boat races D. Give red envelopes 答案：C 解析：由 “People all over the country celebrate it by eating zongzi, holding dragon boat races” 可知答案为 C。 7. Which of the following is true about the Dragon Boat Festival? A. The festival is only celebrated in China B. The Dragon Boat Festival is related to Qu Yuan C. All old customs die out D. It has no role in culture 答案：B 解析：由 “is related to the story of Qu Yuan, a great poet from ancient China” 可知 B 正确，其他选项与原文不符。 8. Why do some Asian countries hold similar festivals to the Dragon Boat Festival? A. To honor ancestors B. To play games C. To study D. To travel 答案：A 解析：由 “such as South Korea and Vietnam, where similar festivals are held to honor ancestors and pray for good luck” 可知答案为 A。 短文 3 A library is more than just a place with a lot of books—it is a treasure house of knowledge where general education thrives. The books here are usually arranged in alphabetical order by author or title, making it easy for readers to find what they need. Librarians often spend hours to organize the entry of new books, checking each one for damage and making sure they are placed in the right section. General education books, which are a type of books that cover a wide range of topics from history to science, are always popular among readers. They play an important role in helping people learn different kinds of knowledge, whether it is understanding how the universe works or appreciating works of art. From an early age, children are encouraged to visit the library, as it helps develop their reading habits and broadens their horizons. Many libraries also hold activities to attract more visitors, such as storytelling sessions for kids and book clubs for adults. These activities show that libraries are not dying out but are adapting to the changing times. The friendship between libraries and readers goes back a long way, and this bond is only getting stronger as more people realize the value of reading. Some libraries even have special sections for books on artistic talent, where you can find guides on painting, music, and writing. These books are similar to teachers, helping readers discover and develop their own skills. As people grow older, they often look back on their library visits with fondness, remembering how these places helped shape their interests and careers. 9. How are books usually arranged in the library? A. By size B. In alphabetical order C. By color D. By price 答案：B 解析：由 “The books here are usually arranged in alphabetical order by author or title” 可知答案为 B。 10. What do librarians often do with new books? A. They organize the entry B. They sell them C. They burn them D. They hide them 答案：A 解析：由 “Librarians often spend hours to organize the entry of new books” 可知答案为 A。 11. What role do general education books play? A. They are expensive B. They are only for children C. They help people learn different knowledge D. They have no use 答案：C 解析：由 “General education books... play an important role in helping people learn different kinds of knowledge” 可知答案为 C。 12. What activities do many libraries hold to attract visitors? A. Storytelling sessions B. Sports meetings C. Dancing parties D. Cooking classes 答案：A 解析：由 “Many libraries also hold activities to attract more visitors, such as storytelling sessions for kids and book clubs for adults” 可知答案为 A。 VI. 首字母填空题（3 篇） 短文 1 Anna was b______ in a small town near the mountains, where the air is fresh and the scenery is beautiful. From an early age, she s______ great intelligence in music—she could sing in tune before she could speak clearly. Her parents found she was t______ in playing the piano when she accidentally pressed the keys and created a simple melody at the age of three. As she grew older, her a______ talent became more obvious. She joined the school choir and often performed at local events, winning praise from everyone who heard her. Now, she hopes to study music in a college with a long history that g______ back a long way, where she can learn from famous musicians and improve her skills further. Her dream is to become a music teacher one day, so she can pass on her love for music to children and help them discover their own talents. She believes that music plays an important role in making life more colorful, and she wants to share that beauty with the world. 答案：born, showed, talented, artistic, goes 解析： "be born in"（出生在……）填 born； "showed great intelligence"（展现出高智慧）填 showed； "be talented in"（在…… 有天赋）填 talented； "artistic talent"（艺术天赋）填 artistic； "go back a long way"（历史悠久）填 goes（主语是单数）。 短文 2 Many old stories may d______ out if no one takes the time to tell them to the younger generation. These stories are s______ to our culture, as they carry the wisdom and values of our ancestors. They p______ an important role in remembering the past and helping us understand where we come from. A t______ of these stories is about brave heroes who fought against difficulties to protect their people. These tales teach us about courage, kindness, and perseverance. We should keep them alive, as they go back a long w______ and are part of our cultural heritage. Parents can tell these stories to their children from an early age, and schools can include them in general education classes. This way, the stories will never be forgotten, and their lessons will continue to guide us for years to come. 答案：die, similar, play, type, way 解析： "die out"（灭绝）填 die； "be similar to"（与…… 相似）填 similar； "play an important role"（起到重要作用）填 play； "a type of"（一种）填 type； "go back a long way"（历史悠久）填 way。 短文 3 Please o______ the books in a______ order on the shelf, so that students can find what they need easily. These books are related to g______ education, covering topics like science, history, art, and literature. They can help you a lot f______ an early age, as reading them can broaden your horizons and improve your knowledge. Some of the books are about famous artists and their works, which can help develop your artistic t______. Others tell stories of great scientists who showed great intelligence in their fields, inspiring you to be curious and explore the world around you. Whether you prefer to read fiction or non-fiction, these books have something for everyone. They go back a long way in helping students grow into well-rounded individuals, and they will continue to play an important role in education for many years. 答案：organize, alphabetical, general, from, talent 解析： "organize the entry"（整理条目，此处指整理书）填 organize； "in alphabetical order"（按字母顺序）填 alphabetical； "general education"（通识教育）填 general； "from an early age"（从很小时候起）填 from； "artistic talent"（艺术天赋）填 talent。 VII. 短文语法选择题 Tom was born in a small town in the countryside. From an early age, he 1______ great intelligence in math. He 2______ to solve difficult problems rather than play games with other kids. His teacher said his ability 3______ that of a middle school student, even though he was only in primary school. As he grew older, Tom 4______ a strong interest in computers. He often 5______ hours learning programming, and by the age of twelve, he 6______ a small software program. This program 7______ organize the entry of books in the school library in alphabetical order, which 8______ the librarian's work much easier. Tom's parents 9______ very proud of him. They said his success 10______ from his hard work and curiosity. "He 11______ artistic talent too," his mother added, "but he 12______ to focus on science instead." Now, Tom 13______ in a famous high school, where he 14______ part in many science competitions. He hopes that one day he 15______ an important role in developing new technologies to help people. 1. A. shows B. showed C. will show D. is showing 答案：B 解析："From an early age" 描述过去，用一般过去时，选 showed。 2. A. prefer B. prefers C. preferred D. will prefer 答案：C 解析：时态与前文一致，用一般过去时，prefer 的过去式是 preferred。 3. A. is similar to B. was similar to C. are similar to D. were similar to 答案：B 解析：主语 "ability" 是单数，过去时态，用 was similar to。 4. A. develops B. developed C. will develop D. is developing 答案：B 解析："As he grew older" 用过去时，谓语动词用 developed。 5. A. spend B. spends C. spent D. will spend 答案：C 解析：描述过去动作，用一般过去时 spent。 6. A. created B. has created C. had created D. will create 答案：C 解析："by the age of twelve"（到 12 岁时）是过去完成时标志，用 had created。 7. A. helps B. helped C. will help D. is helping 答案：B 解析：描述过去的作用，用一般过去时 helped。 8. A. makes B. made C. will make D. is making 答案：B 解析：与前文时态一致，用一般过去时 made。 9. A. is B. are C. was D. were 答案：D 解析：主语 "parents" 是复数，过去时态，用 were。 10. A. comes B. came C. will come D. is coming 答案：B 解析：描述过去的情况，用一般过去时 came。 11. A. has B. had C. will have D. is having 答案：B 解析：母亲过去说的话，用一般过去时 had。 12. A. choose B. chooses C. chose D. will choose 答案：C 解析：时态与前文一致，用一般过去时 chose。 13. A. study B. studies C. studied D. is studying 答案：D 解析："Now" 表示现在进行时，用 is studying。 14. A. take B. takes C. took D. is taking 答案：D 解析：与前文现在进行时呼应，用 is taking。 15. A. play B. plays C. played D. will play 答案：D 解析："one day"（将来某一天）用一般将来时 will play。 10. 书面表达题 请以 “My Favorite Hobby” 为题，根据以下要点写一篇短文，用上提示词，词数 80-100。 要点： 1. 你的爱好是什么； 2. 何时开始喜欢这个爱好； 3. 这个爱好带给你的好处； 4. 未来与这个爱好相关的计划。 提示词： 阅读reading、从小from an early age、 图书馆library、知识knowledge、 交朋友 make friends、未来future 范文（中文）： 我的最爱爱好是阅读。我从小就喜欢读书，父母经常带我去图书馆，那里的书按字母顺序排列，很容易找到。阅读让我学到很多知识，还让我交到了志同道合的朋友。我的老师说阅读在我的成长中起到了重要作用。未来，我希望能读更多的通识书籍，甚至成为一名像我的老师一样的阅读推广人。 范文（英文填空）： My Favorite Hobby My favorite hobby is ______ (reading). I have loved reading ______ (from an early age). My parents often take me to the ______ (library), where books are arranged ______ (in alphabetical order) and easy to find. Reading helps me learn a lot of ______ (knowledge) and makes it possible for me to ______ (make friends) with people who share the same interest. My ______ (teacher) says reading ______ (plays an important role) in my growth. In the ______ (future), I hope to read more ______ (general education) books and even become a reading promoter like my teacher. 1 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $Unit 1 Look it up! 短语精讲精练 Unit 1 Look it up! 短语精讲精练 重点短语梳理 短语 含义 短语 含义 be talented in die out be born in sp. prefer to do sth. in the countryside general education from an early age go back a long way showed great intelligence be similar to artistic talent organize the entry as he grew older in alphabetical order a type of play an important role be related to 重点短语三维解析 1. be talented in（在某方面有天赋） 语境溯源（教材原句 + 生活场景） 教材延伸：...he was unusually talented in many different fields. 他在许多不同的领域都有着非凡的天赋 生活场景：The young actor is talented in expressing emotions through his eyes.（这位年轻演员在通过眼神表达情感方面有天赋。） 用法点睛（句型 + 易错点） 核心句型：be talented in + 名词 / 动名词（强调在特定领域拥有天生的才能） 易错提示： (1) 固定搭配为 “in”，不能用 “at”“for” 等介词替代； (2) 当后接动词时，需用动名词形式（doing），不能用动词原形； (3) 同义短语 “have a talent for” 可与之转换，注意介词搭配的不同（for）。 拓展延伸（近义 / 反义短语 + 场景运用） 近义短语：have a gift for（如：She has a gift for singing. 她有唱歌的天赋。） 反义短语：be weak in（如：He is weak in sports but talented in math. 他在体育方面薄弱，但在数学方面有天赋。） 场景运用：可用于描述在音乐、绘画、语言、运动等各类领域展现出的天赋，如：The little girl is talented in learning foreign languages.（这个小女孩在学习外语方面有天赋。） 分层闯关练习 (1) 基础题（单句填空，巩固搭配） The little boy ______ ______ ______（在讲故事方面有天赋）and all his classmates like listening to him. (2) 变式题（同义转换，灵活运用） She has a talent for drawing cartoons. → She ______ ______ ______ drawing cartoons. (3) 语境题（情景选择，强化理解） —What makes Lisa so special in the art class? —She ______ ______ ______ using different colors to make her paintings lively. A. is good for B. is talented in C. is interested on 2. be born in sp.（出生在某地） 语境溯源（教材原句 + 生活场景） 教材延伸：Leonardo da Vinci was born in the countryside in Italy.（列奥纳多・达・芬奇出生于意大利的乡村） 生活场景：My cousin was born in a coastal city and loves the sea very much.（我的表弟出生在一个海滨城市，并且非常喜欢大海。） 用法点睛（句型 + 易错点） 核心句型：be born in + 地点（城市、乡村、国家等）；若表示出生时间，用 “be born in + 年份 / 月份” 易错提示： (1) 地点前不加定冠词，不能说 “be born in the Italy”； (2) 时态固定用一般过去时，因为出生是过去发生的动作； (3) 若指具体日期，用 “be born on + 具体日期”（如：She was born on May 1st. 她出生在 5 月 1 日。） 拓展延伸（相关表达 + 句式转换） 相关表达：be born into a...family（出生在一个…… 家庭，如：He was born into a musical family. 他出生在一个音乐世家。） 句式转换：对地点提问用 “Where was...born?”（如：Where was your sister born? 你妹妹出生在哪里？） 分层闯关练习 (1) 基础题（单句填空，巩固搭配） The famous writer ______ ______ ______（出生在一个小镇）in France. (2) 变式题（句型转换，灵活运用） She was born in Shanghai in 2005.（对地点提问） → ______ ______ she born in 2005? (3) 语境题（情景选择，强化理解） —______ ______ your brother born? —He was born in Beijing. A. When was B. Where were C. Where was 3. in the countryside（在乡村） 语境溯源（教材原句 + 生活场景） 教材延伸：Leonardo da Vinci was born in the countryside in Italy.（列奥纳多・达・芬奇出生于意大利的乡村） 生活场景：We often go to visit my grandparents in the countryside on weekends.（我们周末经常去乡村看望祖父母。） 用法点睛（句型 + 易错点） 核心句型：in the countryside 作地点状语，可置于句首或句末（如：In the countryside, people enjoy a slow life. 在乡村，人们享受着悠闲的生活。） 易错提示： (1) “countryside” 前必须加定冠词 “the”，不能说 “in countryside”； (2) 与 “in the city” 相对，可用于对比城乡生活（如：Living in the countryside is quieter than in the city. 住在乡村比住在城市更安静。） 拓展延伸（相关词汇 + 搭配） 相关词汇：rural area（乡村地区，书面用语）、village（村庄，具体的乡村地点） 常见搭配：grow up in the countryside（在乡村长大，如：She grew up in the countryside. 她在乡村长大。）、work in the countryside（在乡村工作，如：He works in the countryside as a teacher. 他在乡村当老师。） 分层闯关练习 (1) 基础题（单句填空，巩固搭配） Many old people like living ______ ______ ______（在乡村）because of the fresh air. (2) 变式题（同义转换，灵活运用） He grew up in a rural area. → He grew up ______ ______ ______. (3) 语境题（情景补全，强化理解） —Do you prefer living in the city or ______ ______ ______? —I prefer the countryside. It's more peaceful. 4. from an early age（从很小时候起） 语境溯源（教材原句 + 生活场景） 教材延伸：From an early age, he showed great intelligence and artistic talent.（他从小就展现出极高的智商和艺术天赋。） 生活场景：My brother has been playing basketball from an early age and now he is on the school team.（我弟弟从很小时候起就一直打篮球，现在他在校队里。） 用法点睛（句型 + 易错点） 核心句型：常与一般过去时或现在完成时连用，强调行为或状态从幼年开始持续 易错提示： (1) 不能省略 “an”，必须是 “from an early age”； (2) 与 “when he/she was young” 意思相近，但 “from an early age” 更强调从幼年开始的持续性。 拓展延伸（近义短语 + 时态搭配） 近义短语：since childhood（自童年起，如：They have been friends since childhood. 他们从童年起就是朋友。） 时态搭配：多与延续性动词连用（如：learn, study, live），不与瞬间动词（如：start, begin）直接搭配（如：He has learned English from an early age. 他从很小时候起就一直在学英语。） 分层闯关练习 (1) 基础题（单句填空，巩固搭配） The scientist has been interested in space ______ ______ ______ ______（从很小时候起）. (2) 变式题（同义转换，灵活运用） She has loved reading since she was a little girl. → She has loved reading ______ ______ ______ ______. (3) 语境题（情景选择，强化理解） —When did he start to practice the piano? —______ ______ ______ ______, he has been practicing it every day. A. From an early age B. In the early age C. At early age 5. showed great intelligence（展现出极高的智慧） 语境溯源（教材原句 + 生活场景） 教材延伸：From an early age, he showed great intelligence and artistic talent.（他从小就展现出极高的智商和艺术天赋。） 生活场景：The scientist showed great intelligence in developing the new technology.（这位科学家在研发新技术时展现出了极高的智慧。） 用法点睛（句型 + 易错点） 核心句型：show（过去式 showed）+ great intelligence + 时间 / 方式状语（如 when doing sth.，in sth.） 易错提示： (1) “intelligence” 是不可数名词，不能加 “s”； (2) 时态要根据语境调整，现在时用 “shows”，过去时用 “showed”； (3) “show” 在这里是 “表现出、展现” 的意思，不要理解为 “展示、出示”。 拓展延伸（近义 / 反义短语 + 场景运用） 近义短语：display high intelligence（如：She displayed high intelligence in the exam. 她在考试中展现出了高智商。） 反义短语：lack intelligence（如：His plan lacks intelligence and is not practical. 他的计划缺乏智慧，不切实际。） 场景运用：可用于描述人在解决问题、学习、研究等各种场景中展现出的智慧，如：The leader showed great intelligence in handling the crisis.（这位领导人在处理危机时展现出了极高的智慧。） 分层闯关练习 (1) 基础题（单句填空，巩固搭配） The girl ______ ______ ______（展现出极高的智慧）when making the difficult decision. (2) 变式题（同义转换，灵活运用） He displayed high intelligence in the experiment. → He ______ ______ ______ in the experiment. (3) 语境题（情景选择，强化理解） —How did he solve such a complex problem? —He ______ ______ ______ and found a simple way. A. showed great interest B. showed great intelligence C. showed great concern 6. artistic talent（艺术天赋） 语境溯源（教材原句 + 生活场景） 教材延伸：From an early age, he showed great intelligence and artistic talent.（他从小就展现出极高的智商和艺术天赋。） 生活场景：The young painter's artistic talent was praised by many experts.（这位年轻画家的艺术天赋受到了许多专家的称赞。） 用法点睛（搭配 + 易错点） 核心搭配：show/exhibit great artistic talent（展现 / 显露极高的艺术天赋）；develop artistic talent（培养艺术天赋） 易错提示： (1) “artistic” 是形容词，用来修饰 “talent”，不能用 “art” 代替； (2) “talent” 是不可数名词，“artistic talent” 整体表示 “艺术天赋” 这一概念； (3) 常与 “notice”“praise”“have” 等动词搭配使用。 拓展延伸（相关领域短语 + 场景运用） 相关领域短语：musical talent（音乐天赋）、literary talent（文学天赋）、dancing talent（舞蹈天赋） 场景运用：用于描述人在绘画、音乐、舞蹈、文学等艺术领域的天赋，如：His musical talent made him a famous singer.（他的音乐天赋使他成为了一名著名的歌手。） 分层闯关练习 (1) 基础题（单句填空，巩固搭配） The child's ______ ______（艺术天赋）was shown in his wonderful paintings. (2) 变式题（同义转换，灵活运用） She has a lot of talent in art. → She has a lot of ______ ______. (3) 语境题（情景补全，强化理解） —Why is she so good at dancing? —She has great ______ ______ and practices hard. 7. as he grew older（随着他年龄的增长） 语境溯源（教材原句 + 生活场景） 教材延伸：As he grew older, he learnt to do many different things.（随着年龄的增长，他学会了做许多不同的事情。） 生活场景：As she grew older, she became more understanding.（随着她年龄的增长，她变得更善解人意了。） 用法点睛（句型 + 易错点） 核心句型：as 引导时间状语从句（grew older），主句用一般过去时（描述随之发生的变化） 易错提示： (1) “grew” 是 “grow” 的过去式，不要写成 “growed”； (2) 主句和从句的时态要保持一致，都用一般过去时； (3) “as” 在这里是 “随着” 的意思，引导时间状语从句，不能省略。 拓展延伸（同义句型 + 替换表达） 同义句型：with his growing up（如：With his growing up, he learned many skills. 随着他的成长，他学会了很多技能。） 替换表达：as he got older（更口语化，如：As he got older, he traveled to many places. 随着他年龄的增长，他去了很多地方旅行。） 分层闯关练习 (1) 基础题（单句填空，巩固搭配） ______ ______ ______ ______（随着他年龄的增长）, he became more responsible. (2) 变式题（同义转换，灵活运用） With his growing up, he became more independent. → ______ ______ ______ ______, he became more independent. (3) 语境题（情景选择，强化理解） —How did his hobby change? —______ ______ ______ ______, he changed from playing games to reading books. A. As he grows older B. As he grew older C. When he grows older 8. a type of（一种） 语境溯源（教材原句 + 生活场景） 教材延伸：Dinosaurs are a type of prehistoric animal.（恐龙是一种史前动物。） 生活场景：Tea is a type of drink that many people like.（茶是很多人喜欢的一种饮品。） 用法点睛（搭配 + 辨析） 核心搭配：a type of + 可数名词单数 / 不可数名词（用于说明事物的类别） 易错提示： (1) 与 “a kind of” 意思相近，但 “type” 更强调 “类型、种类” 的系统性，“kind” 更口语化； (2) 后面接可数名词单数时，名词前不用加冠词； (3) 复数形式为 “types of”，表示 “多种”。 拓展延伸（复数形式 + 场景运用） 复数形式：types of（如：There are many types of flowers in the garden. 花园里有很多种花卉。） 场景运用：常用于对事物进行分类说明，如生物、物品、学科等领域，如：Physics is a type of natural science.（物理是一种自然科学。） 分层闯关练习 (1) 基础题（单句填空，巩固搭配） This is ______ ______（一种）bird that can sing beautifully. (2) 变式题（同义转换，灵活运用） A tiger is a kind of wild animal. → A tiger is ______ ______ wild animal. (3) 语境题（情景选择，强化理解） —What is this? —It's ______ ______ plant that can cure some diseases. A. a type of B. a type for C. a kind with 9. be related to（与…… 属于同一种类） 语境溯源（教材原句 + 生活场景） 教材延伸：They are related to crocodiles, snakes and lizards.（它们与鳄鱼、蛇和蜥蜴有亲缘关系。） 生活场景：Genetic studies show that dogs are related to wolves.（基因研究表明，狗和狼属于同一种类。） 用法点睛（句型 + 易错点） 核心句型：A be related to B（A 与 B 属于同一种类 / 有亲缘关系） 易错提示： (1) 固定搭配为 “to”，不能用 “with” 替代，不可说 “be related with”； (2) 主语通常为事物，强调两者之间的关联性； (3) 时态根据语境而定，描述客观事实时用一般现在时。 拓展延伸（近义 / 反义短语 + 场景运用） 近义短语：be connected with（如：This event is connected with that accident. 这件事和那次事故有关联。） 反义短语：be unrelated to（如：His opinion is unrelated to the topic. 他的观点和这个话题无关。） 场景运用：可用于生物学中物种亲缘关系描述，也可用于一般事物关联性说明，如：These two problems are related to each other.（这两个问题相互关联。） 分层闯关练习 (1) 基础题（单句填空，巩固搭配） Studies have shown that this ancient culture ______ ______ ______（与…… 属于同一种类）the one we discovered earlier. (2) 变式题（同义转换，灵活运用） There is a connection between these two species. → These two species ______ ______ ______ each other. (3) 语境题（情景选择，强化理解） —Are cats ______ ______ tigers? —Yes, they both belong to the feline family. A. related with B. related to C. connected for 10. die out（灭绝） 语境溯源（教材原句 + 生活场景） 教材延伸：About 66 million years ago, dinosaurs suddenly died out.（大约 6600 万年前，恐龙突然灭绝了。） 生活场景：Some rare languages are dying out because few people speak them.（一些稀有语言因为很少有人说而正在灭绝。） 用法点睛（用法 + 时态） 核心用法：不及物动词短语，无被动语态，主语多为物种、习俗、语言等 易错提示： (1) 不能用于被动句，不可说 “Dinosaurs were died out”； (2) 表示 “正在灭绝” 用现在进行时 “dying out”；表示 “已经灭绝” 用一般过去时 “died out”；表示 “将要灭绝” 用一般将来时 “will die out”。 拓展延伸（同义短语 + 近义区别） 同义短语：become extinct（如：Many species became extinct last century. 上个世纪很多物种灭绝了。） 近义区别：die off（指一群生物逐一死亡，如：The plants died off because of the drought. 因为干旱，这些植物陆续枯死了。）与 die out（指彻底消失）不同。 分层闯关练习 (1) 基础题（单句填空，巩固搭配） If we don't take action, this kind of rare bird ______ ______（灭绝）in a few years. (2) 变式题（同义转换，灵活运用） Many ancient customs became extinct over time. → Many ancient customs ______ ______ over time. (3) 语境题（情景补全，强化理解） —Why should we protect wild animals? —Because some of them are ______ ______ and we may never see them again. 11. prefer to do sth.（更喜欢做某事） 语境溯源（教材原句 + 生活场景） 教材延伸：Nowadays, most people use encyclopaedias online, but some still prefer to use paper encyclopaedias.（如今，大多数人使用在线百科全书，但也有一些人仍然偏爱纸质百科全书。） 生活场景：My father prefers to go fishing on weekends.（我爸爸周末更喜欢去钓鱼。） 用法点睛（句型 + 易错点） 核心句型：prefer to do sth.（表示在两者中更倾向于做某事）；prefer to do sth. rather than do sth.（比起做某事，更喜欢做某事） 易错提示： (1) “prefer” 的第三人称单数形式是 “prefers”； (2) 反义词组是 “prefer not to do sth.”（更喜欢不做某事）； (3) “prefer” 后接不定式 “to do”，不要与 “prefer doing sth. to doing sth.” 混淆，后者接动名词。 拓展延伸（同义转换 + 场景运用） 同义转换：would rather do sth.（如：She would rather read books at home. 她更喜欢在家看书。） 场景运用：用于表达个人喜好、选择，如：He prefers to walk to school rather than take a bus.（比起坐公交，他更喜欢步行上学。） 分层闯关练习 (1) 基础题（单句填空，巩固搭配） She ______ ______ ______（更喜欢听）music while doing homework. (2) 变式题（同义转换，灵活运用） He would rather play basketball than football. → He ______ ______ ______ basketball than football. (3) 语境题（情景选择，强化理解） —What do you usually do in the evening? —I ______ ______ watch TV ______ go out for a walk. A. prefer; to B. prefer to; rather than C. would; rather 12. general education（通识教育） 语境溯源（教材原句 + 生活场景） 教材延伸：The word “encyclopaedia” comes from a Greek word that means “general education”.（“encyclopaedia”（百科全书）一词源自希腊语，其原意是 “普通教育”（或 “全面教育”）。） 生活场景：General education helps students broaden their horizons.（通识教育帮助学生开阔视野。） 用法点睛（定义 + 对比） 核心定义：涵盖多个学科领域、培养综合素养的教育 易错提示： (1) 与 “professional education（专业教育）” 相对； (2) “general” 不能替换为 “common”，“general education” 是固定表达。 拓展延伸（相关表达 + 作用描述） 相关表达：liberal education（人文教育，与通识教育相近） 作用描述：help understand different fields（帮助了解不同领域）、develop all-round abilities（培养综合能力） 分层闯关练习 (1) 基础题（单句填空，巩固搭配） ______ ______（通识教育）is beneficial to students' overall development. (2) 变式题（同义转换，灵活运用） Liberal education is important for students' all-round development. → ______ ______ is important for students' all-round development. (3) 语境题（情景选择，强化理解） —What kind of education can help students learn various knowledge? —______ ______ can do that. A. General education B. Special education C. Professional education 13. go back a long way（历史悠久） 语境溯源（教材原句 + 生活场景） 教材延伸：Encyclopaedias in other parts of the world also go back a long way in history.（世界其他地区的百科全书在历史上也有着悠久的渊源。）P14 生活场景：The old temple in this town goes back a long way.（这个小镇上的古老寺庙历史悠久。） 用法点睛（主语 + 时态） 核心主语：多为 “tradition”“custom”“friendship”“building” 等抽象或具体事物 易错提示： (1) 无被动语态，不能说 “is gone back a long way”； (2) 常用一般现在时，描述客观存在的悠久历史； (3) 不能颠倒语序说成 “go a long way back”。 拓展延伸（同义表达 + 近义区别） 同义表达：have a long history（如：This city has a long history. 这座城市历史悠久。） 近义区别：date back to（后接具体时间，如：The tradition dates back to the Ming Dynasty. 这个传统可追溯到明朝。） 分层闯关练习 (1) 基础题（单句填空，巩固搭配） The friendship between the two countries ______ ______ ______ ______（历史悠久）. (2) 变式题（同义转换，灵活运用） This custom has a long history. → This custom ______ ______ ______ ______. (3) 语境题（情景补全，强化理解） —How old is this festival? —It ______ ______ ______ ______ and has been celebrated for centuries. 14. be similar to（与…… 相似） 语境溯源（教材原句 + 生活场景） 教材延伸：They were similar to early Chinese encyclopaedias because they included works by different scholars.（它们与早期中国的百科全书相似，因为它们包含了不同学者的著作。） 生活场景：Her hairstyle is similar to her sister's.（她的发型和她姐姐的相似。） 用法点睛（搭配 + 反义） 核心搭配：be similar to + 比较对象（表示两者在某方面相似） 易错提示： (1) 固定搭配为 “to”，不能用 “with”，不可说 “be similar with”； (2) 反义词组是 “be different from”（与…… 不同）； (3) 可在 “similar” 前加 “very”“quite” 等词修饰程度。 拓展延伸（名词形式 + 场景运用） 名词形式：similarity（相似之处，如：There are many similarities between the two cities. 这两个城市有很多相似之处。） 场景运用：可用于比较物品、人物特征、事物性质等，如：The climate here is similar to that in my hometown.（这里的气候和我家乡的相似。） 分层闯关练习 (1) 基础题（单句填空，巩固搭配） His way of thinking ______ ______ ______（与…… 相似）his father's. (2) 变式题（反义转换，灵活运用） This car is different from that one in color. → This car ______ ______ ______ that one in color. (3) 语境题（情景选择，强化理解） —Your new schoolbag looks ______ ______ mine. —Yes, they are from the same store. A. similar to B. same as C. similar with 15. organize the entry（组织条目） 语境溯源（教材原句 + 生活场景） 教材延伸：Centuries later, the editors ofthe first modern 20 encyclopaedias, like the Encyclopaedia Britannica, organized the entries in alphabetical order.（几个世纪后，首批现代百科全书（如《大英百科全书》）的编辑们，将条目按字母顺序进行了编排。） 生活场景：The students are busy organizing the entries of the school exhibition.（学生们正忙着组织学校展览的条目。） 用法点睛（搭配 + 词性） 核心搭配：organize + 复数 entries（条目常用复数形式）；by subject/topic（按主题组织） 易错提示： (1) “organize” 是动词，名词形式是 “organization”； (2) “entry” 的复数形式是 “entries”，不要写成 “entrys”； (3) 常与 “spend time”“need to” 等搭配使用。 拓展延伸（同类短语 + 场景运用） 同类短语：arrange the items（整理项目）、classify the data（分类数据） 场景运用：常用于编辑、整理词典、展览、档案等中的条目，如：We need to organize the entries before the meeting.（开会前我们需要整理好条目。） 分层闯关练习 (1) 基础题（单句填空，巩固搭配） The librarian is ______ ______ ______（组织条目）of the new books. (2) 变式题（同义转换，灵活运用） They arranged the entries by category. → They ______ ______ ______ by category. (3) 语境题（情景选择，强化理解） —What are you doing? —I'm ______ ______ ______ for the school magazine. A. organizing the entries B. arranging the entry C. classifying the entry 16. in alphabetical order（按字母顺序排列） 语境溯源（教材原句 + 生活场景） 教材延伸：Centuries later, the editors ofthe first modern 20 encyclopaedias, like the Encyclopaedia Britannica, organized the entries in alphabetical order.（几个世纪后，首批现代百科全书（如《大英百科全书》）的编辑们，将条目按字母顺序进行了编排。） 生活场景：The teacher asked us to write the English names in alphabetical order.（老师让我们按字母顺序写英文名。） 用法点睛（搭配 + 结构） 核心搭配：be listed/arranged in alphabetical order（被列 / 排列为字母顺序） 易错提示： (1) 固定短语，“in” 不能换成 “on”“with” 等介词； (2) “alphabetical” 是形容词，修饰 “order”，不要写成 “alphabet order”。 拓展延伸（同类表达 + 场景运用） 同类表达：in numerical order（按数字顺序）、in time order（按时间顺序） 场景运用：常用于整理名单、词汇、资料等，如：The files are stored in alphabetical order for easy reference.（这些文件按字母顺序存放，方便查阅。） 分层闯关练习 (1) 基础题（单句填空，巩固搭配） Please arrange these English words ______ ______ ______（按字母顺序）. (2) 变式题（同义转换，灵活运用） The names are listed according to the order of the alphabet. → The names are listed ______ ______ ______. (3) 语境题（情景补全，强化理解） —How are the words in this book organized? —They are arranged ______ ______ ______ so that readers can find them easily. 17. play an important role（起到重要作用） 语境溯源（教材原句 + 生活场景） 教材延伸：Encyclopaedias have played an important role through history in recording and providing information.（纵观历史，百科全书在记录和提供信息方面发挥了重要作用。）P14 生活场景：Volunteers play an important role in the community service.（志愿者在社区服务中起到重要作用。） 用法点睛（句型 + 易错点） 核心句型：play + 形容词 + role + in + 领域（表示在某领域起到某种作用） 易错提示： (1) “role” 是可数名词，“an important role” 不能遗漏 “an”； (2) “important” 可替换为 “key”“vital” 等形容词； (3) “in” 后接名词或动名词，不能接动词原形。 拓展延伸（同义短语 + 被动形式） 同义短语：play an important part（如：Technology plays an important part in daily life. 科技在日常生活中起到重要作用。） 被动形式：An important role is played by...（如：An important role is played by teachers in education. 教师在教育中起到重要作用。） 分层闯关练习 (1) 基础题（单句填空，巩固搭配） Communication ______ ______ ______ ______（起到重要作用）in maintaining good relationships. (2) 变式题（同义转换，灵活运用） Technology plays a key part in modern industry. → Technology ______ ______ ______ ______ in modern industry. (3) 语境题（情景选择，强化理解） —What do you think of teamwork? —I think everyone ______ ______ ______ ______ in a team. A. plays an important role B. takes an important part C. makes an important role 短语综合练习及答案解析 I. 词义辨析题（15 道） 1. The phrase "die out" is closest in meaning to which of the following? A. disappear completely B. grow quickly C. stay alive D. come back 2. Which phrase has a similar meaning to "from an early age"? A. when getting old B. since being young C. in the future D. at times 3. The meaning of "be born in sp." is most similar to ______. A. grow up in sp. B. live in sp. C. come into the world in sp. D. work in sp. 4. Which of the following is closest to "general education"? A. special training B. basic and wide knowledge learning C. professional courses D. skill practice 5. The phrase "prefer to do sth." is similar to ______. A. hate to do sth. B. like to do sth. more C. try to do sth. D. forget to do sth. 6. What does "go back a long way" mean? A. have a long history B. walk a long distance C. return early D. go home late 7. Which is similar to "showed great intelligence"? A. was very foolish B. had little knowledge C. displayed high wisdom D. was not clever 8. The meaning of "be similar to" is closest to ______. A. be different from B. be the same as C. be like D. be far from 9. Which phrase is close to "artistic talent"? A. musical instrument B. skill in art C. sports ability D. language study 10. "Organize the entry" is closest in meaning to ______. A. arrange the items B. delete the records C. copy the files D. read the books 11. What does "as he grew older" mean? A. when he was young B. as he became younger C. as he got older D. when he was born 12. "In alphabetical order" is similar to ______. A. in number order B. in the order of letters C. in size order D. in time order 13. Which is closest to "a type of"? A. a kind of B. a lot of C. a few of D. a pair of 14. The phrase "play an important role" is similar to ______. A. have a small part B. take an important position C. do nothing D. make no difference 15. "Be related to" is closest in meaning to ______. A. be connected with B. be far from C. be different from D. be afraid of II. 单项选择题（15 道） 1. She ______ a small town in Guangdong. A. was born in B. died out C. was talented in D. preferred to 2. This old custom will ______ if no one protects it. A. be born in B. die out C. be talented in D. prefer to 3. He ______ drawing when he was five. A. showed great intelligence B. in the countryside C. was talented in D. go back a long way 4. They ______ stay at home rather than go out on rainy days. A. prefer to B. die out C. be similar to D. play an important role 5. My grandparents lived ______ for many years. A. general education B. in the countryside C. from an early age D. as he grew older 6. ______, she was interested in music. A. From an early age B. Die out C. Be born in sp. D. Go back a long way 7. The friendship between the two families ______. A. showed great intelligence B. goes back a long way C. artistic talent D. organize the entry 8. The little boy ______ in solving math problems. A. was similar to B. organized the entry C. showed great intelligence D. in alphabetical order 9. Her painting style ______ her mother's. A. be similar to B. is similar to C. was similar to D. are similar to 10. He has a great ______ for music. A. artistic talent B. general education C. a type of D. be related to 11. She spent two hours ______ for the competition. A. organizing the entry B. as he grew older C. in alphabetical order D. play an important role 12. ______, he became more and more mature. A. Artistic talent B. As he grew older C. General education D. A type of 13. Please put these books ______. A. in alphabetical order B. from an early age C. go back a long way D. be related to 14. This is ______ bird I have never seen before. A. play an important role B. a type of C. be related to D. die out 15. Volunteers ______ in helping the poor. A. play an important role B. be born in sp. C. from an early age D. artistic talent III. 语法单项选择题（15 道） 1. Many rare animals ______ if we don't protect them. A. die out B. dies out C. will die out D. died out 2. She ______ in a big city in 2005. A. is born B. was born C. will be born D. be born 3. He ______ in music since he was a child. A. is talented B. was talented C. has been talented D. will be talented 4. My sister ______ read books rather than watch TV. A. prefer to B. prefers to C. preferred to D. will prefer to 5. They ______ in the countryside for ten years. A. live B. lives C. lived D. have lived 6. She ______ interested in painting from an early age. A. is B. was C. has been D. will be 7. The tradition ______ for over 500 years. A. goes back a long way B. went back a long way C. has gone back a long way D. will go back a long way 8. The student ______ great intelligence in the science competition last week. A. shows B. showed C. will show D. is showing 9. Your idea ______ mine in many ways. A. is similar to B. was similar to C. are similar to D. were similar to 10. She ______ artistic talent since she started learning painting. A. has B. had C. has had D. will have 11. They ______ the entry for the exhibition now. A. organize B. organizes C. organized D. are organizing 12. ______ , he began to understand his parents' love. A. As he grows older B. As he grew older C. As he will grow older D. As he is growing older 13. These words ______ in alphabetical order by the teacher yesterday. A. put B. are put C. were put D. will be put 14. This ______ plant is very rare in our country. A. is a type of B. a type of C. was a type of D. are a type of 15. Technology ______ an important role in our daily life now. A. plays B. played C. will play D. is playing IV. 完形填空题（1 篇，10 个空） Lisa was a girl with a strong love for art. She 1______ a small village in the north of the country, where nature provided endless inspiration for her drawings. From an early age, she 2______ in painting, often spending hours sketching the flowers and trees around her home. Her parents noticed that she had great 3______ and encouraged her to take art classes. As she grew older, Lisa's skills improved greatly. Her style was 4______ that of a famous artist in the nearby city, which surprised her teachers. She 5______ spend time practicing rather than watching TV, and her hard work paid off when she won a local art competition. The competition required participants to 6______ of their works, which were then displayed 7______. Lisa's painting, which showed a beautiful scene of 8______, caught everyone's attention. The judges said her work 9______ in showing the beauty of rural life. Now, Lisa hopes to study 10______ in college, as she wants to learn more about different art forms and share her talent with the world. 1. A. was born in B. grew up in C. settled in D. worked in 2. A. showed great intelligence B. displayed strong interest C. had deep passion D. took great pride 3. A. artistic talent B. musical gift C. literary ability D. sports skill 4. A. similar to B. related to C. identical to D. familiar to 5. A. preferred to B. intended to C. planned to D. decided to 6. A. organize the entry B. arrange the display C. prepare the collection D. manage the exhibition 7. A. in alphabetical order B. in chronological order C. in numerical order D. in random order 8. A. in the countryside B. in the city C. in the mountain D. in the desert 9. A. played an important role B. had a great influence C. made a big difference D. took a key part 10. A. general education B. art history C. creative design D. visual arts V. 阅读理解题（3 篇） 短文 1 Li Ming was born in a small town in the countryside of Guangdong. From an early age, he showed great intelligence not only in math but also in science. His parents noticed that he was talented in solving all kinds of difficult problems, whether it was figuring out how a clock works or explaining why the sky is blue. As he grew older, his interest in computer science became stronger and stronger. He preferred to spend hours in front of the computer programming rather than playing games with other kids. His teachers often said that his ability to understand complex concepts was similar to that of a university student. Even when he was in middle school, he had already developed a type of software that could help organize the entry of books in the school library in alphabetical order. This achievement made his name known in the local education circle, and his story goes back a long way—his love for science started when he was only five, when he took apart his first toy car to see how it worked. Now, Li Ming is studying in a famous university, majoring in artificial intelligence. He often says that general education in his primary school played an important role in shaping his curiosity. He still keeps in touch with his primary school teachers, who always encourage him to keep exploring new fields. 1. When did Li Ming's love for science start? A. When he entered university B. At the age of five C. When he was ten D. Last year 2. What was Li Ming talented in when he was young? A. Playing games B. Programming C. Solving math problems D. Drawing 3. Where was Li Ming born? A. In a big city B. In a small town in Guangdong C. In a foreign country D. In a mountain village 4. What is Li Ming studying in university now? A. To play games B. To develop software C. To organize books D. To study artificial intelligence 短文 2 Traditional festivals in China go back a long way, with many of them having histories that stretch over thousands of years. The Dragon Boat Festival, for example, has a history of over 2,000 years and is related to the story of Qu Yuan, a great poet from ancient China. People all over the country celebrate it by eating zongzi, holding dragon boat races, and hanging mugwort leaves on their doors. These traditions are similar to those in some other Asian countries, such as South Korea and Vietnam, where similar festivals are held to honor ancestors and pray for good luck. As time goes on, some old customs die out, but the Dragon Boat Festival still plays an important role in Chinese culture. It is not just a time for fun but also a chance for families to get together and pass down traditional values. Children from an early age learn about the story of Qu Yuan in school, and many schools organize dragon boat painting competitions to develop their artistic talent. A type of special food called "zongzi" is made with glutinous rice and various fillings, and its recipe has been passed down for generations. Even in modern cities, people make sure to celebrate this festival, showing that some traditions will never lose their importance. 5. How long is the history of the Dragon Boat Festival? A. Over 1,000 years B. Over 2,000 years C. Over 3,000 years D. Over 4,000 years 6. How do people celebrate the Dragon Boat Festival? A. Eat mooncakes B. Decorate Christmas trees C. Eat zongzi and hold dragon boat races D. Give red envelopes 7. Which of the following is true about the Dragon Boat Festival? A. The festival is only celebrated in China B. The Dragon Boat Festival is related to Qu Yuan C. All old customs die out D. It has no role in culture 8. Why do some Asian countries hold similar festivals to the Dragon Boat Festival? A. To honor ancestors B. To play games C. To study D. To travel 短文 3 A library is more than just a place with a lot of books—it is a treasure house of knowledge where general education thrives. The books here are usually arranged in alphabetical order by author or title, making it easy for readers to find what they need. Librarians often spend hours to organize the entry of new books, checking each one for damage and making sure they are placed in the right section. General education books, which are a type of books that cover a wide range of topics from history to science, are always popular among readers. They play an important role in helping people learn different kinds of knowledge, whether it is understanding how the universe works or appreciating works of art. From an early age, children are encouraged to visit the library, as it helps develop their reading habits and broadens their horizons. Many libraries also hold activities to attract more visitors, such as storytelling sessions for kids and book clubs for adults. These activities show that libraries are not dying out but are adapting to the changing times. The friendship between libraries and readers goes back a long way, and this bond is only getting stronger as more people realize the value of reading. Some libraries even have special sections for books on artistic talent, where you can find guides on painting, music, and writing. These books are similar to teachers, helping readers discover and develop their own skills. As people grow older, they often look back on their library visits with fondness, remembering how these places helped shape their interests and careers. 9. How are books usually arranged in the library? A. By size B. In alphabetical order C. By color D. By price 10. What do librarians often do with new books? A. They organize the entry B. They sell them C. They burn them D. They hide them 11. What role do general education books play? A. They are expensive B. They are only for children C. They help people learn different knowledge D. They have no use 12. What activities do many libraries hold to attract visitors? A. Storytelling sessions B. Sports meetings C. Dancing parties D. Cooking classes VI. 首字母填空题（3 篇） 短文 1 Anna was b______ in a small town near the mountains, where the air is fresh and the scenery is beautiful. From an early age, she s______ great intelligence in music—she could sing in tune before she could speak clearly. Her parents found she was t______ in playing the piano when she accidentally pressed the keys and created a simple melody at the age of three. As she grew older, her a______ talent became more obvious. She joined the school choir and often performed at local events, winning praise from everyone who heard her. Now, she hopes to study music in a college with a long history that g______ back a long way, where she can learn from famous musicians and improve her skills further. Her dream is to become a music teacher one day, so she can pass on her love for music to children and help them discover their own talents. She believes that music plays an important role in making life more colorful, and she wants to share that beauty with the world. 短文 2 Many old stories may d______ out if no one takes the time to tell them to the younger generation. These stories are s______ to our culture, as they carry the wisdom and values of our ancestors. They p______ an important role in remembering the past and helping us understand where we come from. A t______ of these stories is about brave heroes who fought against difficulties to protect their people. These tales teach us about courage, kindness, and perseverance. We should keep them alive, as they go back a long w______ and are part of our cultural heritage. Parents can tell these stories to their children from an early age, and schools can include them in general education classes. This way, the stories will never be forgotten, and their lessons will continue to guide us for years to come. 短文 3 Please o______ the books in a______ order on the shelf, so that students can find what they need easily. These books are related to g______ education, covering topics like science, history, art, and literature. They can help you a lot f______ an early age, as reading them can broaden your horizons and improve your knowledge. Some of the books are about famous artists and their works, which can help develop your artistic t______. Others tell stories of great scientists who showed great intelligence in their fields, inspiring you to be curious and explore the world around you. Whether you prefer to read fiction or non-fiction, these books have something for everyone. They go back a long way in helping students grow into well-rounded individuals, and they will continue to play an important role in education for many years. VII. 短文语法选择题 Tom was born in a small town in the countryside. From an early age, he 1______ great intelligence in math. He 2______ to solve difficult problems rather than play games with other kids. His teacher said his ability 3______ that of a middle school student, even though he was only in primary school. As he grew older, Tom 4______ a strong interest in computers. He often 5______ hours learning programming, and by the age of twelve, he 6______ a small software program. This program 7______ organize the entry of books in the school library in alphabetical order, which 8______ the librarian's work much easier. Tom's parents 9______ very proud of him. They said his success 10______ from his hard work and curiosity. "He 11______ artistic talent too," his mother added, "but he 12______ to focus on science instead." Now, Tom 13______ in a famous high school, where he 14______ part in many science competitions. He hopes that one day he 15______ an important role in developing new technologies to help people. 1. A. shows B. showed C. will show D. is showing 2. A. prefer B. prefers C. preferred D. will prefer 3. A. is similar to B. was similar to C. are similar to D. were similar to 4. A. develops B. developed C. will develop D. is developing 5. A. spend B. spends C. spent D. will spend 6. A. created B. has created C. had created D. will create 7. A. helps B. helped C. will help D. is helping 8. A. makes B. made C. will make D. is making 9. A. is B. are C. was D. were 10. A. comes B. came C. will come D. is coming 11. A. has B. had C. will have D. is having 12. A. choose B. chooses C. chose D. will choose 13. A. study B. studies C. studied D. is studying 14. A. take B. takes C. took D. is taking 15. A. play B. plays C. played D. will play 10. 书面表达题 请以 “My Favorite Hobby” 为题，根据以下要点写一篇短文，用上提示词，词数 80-100。 要点： 1. 你的爱好是什么； 2. 何时开始喜欢这个爱好； 3. 这个爱好带给你的好处； 4. 未来与这个爱好相关的计划。 提示词： 阅读reading、从小from an early age、 图书馆library、知识knowledge、 交朋友 make friends、未来future 范文（中文）： 我的最爱爱好是阅读。我从小就喜欢读书，父母经常带我去图书馆，那里的书按字母顺序排列，很容易找到。阅读让我学到很多知识，还让我交到了志同道合的朋友。我的老师说阅读在我的成长中起到了重要作用。未来，我希望能读更多的通识书籍，甚至成为一名像我的老师一样的阅读推广人。 范文（英文填空）： My Favorite Hobby My favorite hobby is ______. I have loved reading ______ ______ ______ ______. My parents often take me to the ______, where books are arranged ______ ______ ______ and easy to find. Reading helps me learn a lot of ____________ and makes it possible for me to ______ ______ with people who share the same interest. My ______ says reading ______ ______ ______ ______ in my growth. In the ______, I hope to read more ______ ______ books and even become a reading promoter like my teacher. 1 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $