Unit 2 Section B 单词详解课件 2025-2026学年人教版（2024）八年级英语上册

该初中英语课件围绕“语法功能、词性转换与高频词汇”展开，系统梳理了almost、journey、pull、luggage等核心词汇的用法及搭配，并通过真题演练和典型例句构建语言输入与输出的桥梁，帮助学生在真实语境中理解并运用目标语言点，形成由词到句再到语篇的学习支架。 其亮点在于深度融合语言能力、思维品质与学习能力三大核心素养，如通过“almost never”与“almost completed”对比强化语义辨析，提升学生逻辑推理能力，又以“no matter what”和“wherever”引导让步状语从句训练批判性思维。课件设计注重情境化教学，结合广州、江苏等地中考真题，增强实用性与应试指导价值，既助力学生精准掌握考点，也帮助教师高效开展分层教学与课堂互动。

Home Sweet Home Unit 2 Section B 单词详解 almost /'ɔ:lməʊst/ adv. 差不多；几乎 语法功能 即时练习 almost adv. 几乎；差不多 ☞用于修饰动词、形容词、副词或其他副词，表示程度上的“几乎”或“将近”。 ☞eg: I almost finished my homework.（我几乎完成了我的作业。） ☞ I almost missed the bus this morning. 考点：almost（差点） ☞ He is almost never late for school. 考点：almost never（几乎从不） ☞ She arrived almost early. 答案：almost（提前） ☞The project was almost completed on time. 考点：almost（差点） journey /'dʒɜ:ni/ n. 旅行；历程 v. 旅行 词性转换 常见搭配 真题演练 ☞journey n. 旅行；旅程（C） ☞journeyman n. 旅行者；学徒 ☞go on a journey 去旅行 ☞journey through 穿越；经过 ☞journey to 旅行去…… ☞journey from... to... 从……到……的旅行 ☞journey of discovery 发现之旅 ☞2023 广州卷阅读理解：We had a wonderful journey to Paris. ☞2022 江苏卷完形填空：The journey across the country was exciting. pull /pʊl/ v. 拉；拖；拔 词性转换 常见搭配 模拟题 ☞pull v. 拉；拖；拔（pulled; pulled; pulling） ☞puller n. 拉手；牵引装置 ☞pull down 拉下来；拆毁/ pull on 穿；戴； ☞pull in 拉入；驶入/ pull out 拉出；取出 ☞pull up 拉起；拔起；停下/ pull through 渡过难关；通过 ☞pull against 违反；反对/ pull off 成功；脱下 ☞pull over 停靠；拉过来/ pull together 齐心协力；共同完成 ☞— The government decided to ______ those old buildings to build a new park. — That's a good idea. It will make our city more beautiful. A. pull down B. pull out C. pull up D. pull together luggage /'lʌɡɪdʒ/ n. 行李 词性转换 常见搭配 真题演练 ☞luggage n. 行李（U） ☞luggage compartment n. 行李箱 ☞luggage rack n. 行李架 ☞luggage check 行李托运 ☞luggage claim 行李领取处 ☞luggage storage 行李存放处 ☞excess luggage 超重行李 ☞2023 广州卷阅读理解: We had to pay extra for excess luggage. ☞2022 江苏卷完形填空: At the airport, I found my luggage missing. share sth with sb 把……与……分享 词性转换 常见搭配 真题演练 ☞share v. 分享；分配 ☞sharer n. 共享者；股东 ☞shareholder n. 股东 ☞share sth with sb 与某人分享某物 ☞share sth out 分发某物 ☞share in 共同使用 ☞2025年四川省乐山市中考英语真题： —What a pity! I left my computer at home. —Don’t worry. I brought mine with me. We can share. ☞2025年北京中考英语真题： —I don’t know how to use the new software. —You can ask John. He’s good at shareing his knowledge with others. familiar /fə'mɪliə(r)/ adj. 熟悉的 词性转换 常见搭配 真题演练 ☞familiar adj. 熟悉的；熟知的 ☞familiarity n. 熟悉；相似 ☞familiarize v. 使熟悉 ☞be familiar with 对……熟悉 ☞be familiar to 对……来说熟悉 ☞get familiar with 熟悉；习惯于 2024年上海卷：I’m familiar with this song. 2022 江苏卷完形填空：The book is familiar to students. 2023年浙江丽水卷：I was bred. I sat on the sofa eating popcorn and looking for something familiar on TV. joke /dʒəʊk/ n. 笑话 v. 开玩笑 词性转换 常见搭配 及时演练 ☞joke n. 笑话；玩笑 v. 开玩笑；开玩笑( joked; joked; joking) ☞joker n. 说笑话的人；小丑 ☞play a joke on 开……的玩笑；joke with 和……开玩笑 ☞tell a joke 讲笑话 ☞joke of 笑话；笑柄；joke at 嘲笑 ☞joke around 随便开玩笑 ☞— Why does Mike look so unhappy? — Because his classmates ________ a joke on him and he got a little angry. A. played B. gave C. made D. told several /'sevrəl/ pron. 几个；一些 adj. 各自的 语法功能 常见搭配 真题演练 ☞several pron./adj. 几个；若干；一些 ☞用于修饰可数名词复数形式，表示“几个”或“一些”，但不表示很多。 ☞例：I need several apples.（我需要几个苹果。） ☞several times 几次 ☞several days/weeks/months 几天/几周/几个月 ☞quite a few/quite several 相当多的（用于强调数量不少） ☞2023 广州卷阅读理解：Several students were absent yesterday. ☞2022 江苏卷完形填空：It rained for several days. ☞— I borrowed ________ books. I plan to read them during the winter vacation. A. a lot B. a little C. several D. much nod /nɒd/ v. & n. 点（头） 词性转换 常见搭配 真题演练 ☞nod v. 点头；打盹睡（nodded; nodded; nodding） ☞nod in agreement 点头表示同意 ☞nod off 打盹睡 ☞nod to 向……点头；nod at 对……点头 ☞nod a greeting 点头致意 ☞nod away 摇头表示拒绝 ☞nod out 点头表示不 ☞2023 广州卷阅读理解：He nodded in agreement with her suggestion. ☞2022 江苏卷完形填空：She nodded a greeting to her friend across the room. writer /'raɪtə(r)/ n. 作者 plate /pleɪt/ n. 盘子；碟子 poster /'pəʊstə(r)/ n. 海报 text /tekst/ n. 正文；文本 v.（用手机给某人）发短信 词性转换 常见搭配 真题演练 ☞text n. 文本；正文（C） v. 发短信( texted; texted;texting) ☞textbook n. 教科书；课本 ☞textual adj. 文字的；书面的 ☞texter n. 发短信的人 ☞text sb 给某人发短信；text back 回短信 ☞text message 短信 ☞text to 给……发短信；text sb a message 给某人发信息 ☞2023 广州卷阅读理解：The students are reading the textbook. ☞2023 广州卷阅读理解：She texted me this morning to say hello. describe /dɪ'skraɪb/ v. 描述；形容 词性转换 常见搭配 真题演练 ☞describe v. 描述；描绘（described; described; describing） ☞description n. 描述；说明书 ☞descriptive adj. 描述的；描绘的 ☞describe sth to sb 向某人描述某物 ☞describe as 把……描述为 ☞describe in detail 详细描述 ☞2023 广州卷阅读理解：He described the incident in detail. ☞2022 江苏卷完形填空：The teacher described him as a hard worker. wherever /weər'evə(r)/ adv. & conj. 无论去哪里；在任何地方 语法功能 常见搭配 真题演练 wherever 连词用于引导让步状语从句，可以表达以下含义： ☞在……的地方：Wherever have you been? ☞每当……：Wherever I go, I will call you. ☞无论在哪里：You can travel wherever you want. ☞wherever + 主语 + 动词：Wherever you go, I will follow. ☞no matter where无论在哪里：No matter where you are, I will find you. ☞wherever + 否定形式：Wherever it is not possible, it is necessary. ☞2023 广州卷阅读理解: Wherever you travel, you will find beauty. ☞2022 江苏卷完形填空:No matter where you come from, you are welcome here. matter /'mætə(r)/ v. 要紧 n. 问题 常见搭配 真题演练 no matter 不论；不要紧 ☞no matter 不论怎样；不管 ☞as a matter of fact 事实上 ☞the matter is that 问题是；要紧的是 ☞make a matter 要紧；重要 ☞2023 广州卷阅读理解: No matter what happens, stay calm. 考点：no matter what（不管发生什么） ☞2022 江苏卷完形填空: As a matter of fact, she was late. 考点：as a matter of fact（事实上） ☞2021 北京卷短文填空: The matter is that we need to hurry. 答案：matter（问题是） perhaps /pə'hæps; præps/ adv. 也许；可能 语法功能 真题演练 ☞perhaps：语气较弱，用于表达一种不太肯定的推测。 例：Perhaps she will come to the party. ☞probably：语气较强，表示相对较高的确定性。 例：She will probably finish her homework on time. ☞maybe：语气较弱，通常用于非正式语境中，类似于 perhaps。 例：Maybe he will call you later. ☞possibly：语气中性，正式程度高于 maybe，但低于 probably。 例：It could possibly rain tomorrow. ☞2023 广州卷阅读理解：He might be late, perhaps because of the traffic. ☞2022 江苏卷完形填空：It's probably going to rain, so take an umbrella. freshly /'freʃli/ adv. 刚刚 词性转换 常见搭配 真题演练 ☞fresh adj. 新鲜的；新的 ☞freshly adv. 新鲜地；最近 ☞freshness n. 新鲜度；新颖 ☞freshly arrived 刚到达 ☞freshly baked 新鲜出炉 ☞freshly made 新制作的 ☞2022 江苏卷完形填空: She has just arrived, freshly off the plane. ☞As soon as I walked into the bakery, I was welcomed by the wonderful smell of ________ bread. A. fresh B. freshly C. freshed D. freshly baked smell /smel/ v. 发臭；闻到 n. 气味；臭味 词性转换 常见搭配 真题演练 ☞smell n. 气味；香味 v. 闻；嗅；散发气味（smelt；smelt） ☞smelly adj. 有臭味的；发出臭味的 smell something 闻到某物 smell of 有……的气味 smell like 闻起来像 smell out 嗅出；发现 smell good/bad 闻起来好/坏 smell a rat 察觉到不妙 ☞2022 江苏卷完形填空: The room smelt of smoke after the fire. ☞—Mum, what are you cooking? It ________ so delicious. Can I try a piece? —It’s roast beef. A. sounds B. feels C. smells D. tastes joy /dʒɔɪ/ n. 喜悦；乐趣 词性转换 常见搭配 真题演练 ☞joy n. 快乐；喜悦（U） ☞joyful adj. 快乐的；高兴的 ☞joyously adv. 快乐地；高兴地 ☞to one's joy 使某人高兴的是 ☞with joy 快乐地 ☞joy and sorrow 快乐与悲伤 ☞2023 广州卷阅读理解：The children danced joyously at the festival. ☞2022 江苏卷完形填空：She had a joyful smile on her face. ☞2021 北京卷短文填空：It was to her joy to receive the award. apartment /ə'pɑ:tmənt/ n. 房间；公寓套房 常见搭配 真题演练 ☞apartment building 公寓楼 ☞apartment complex 公寓小区 ☞apartment community 公寓社区 常见搭配 ☞apart adv. 分开；相距 adj. 分开的；分离的 ☞2023 广州卷阅读理解： She lives in a two-bedroom apartment. ☞They live in an apartment complex downtown. ☞The apartment building has an elevator. block /blɒk/ n. 大楼；街区；大块 词性转换 常见搭配 真题演练 ☞block n. 街区；块；大厦（C） ☞blocker n. 阻碍物 ☞block out phr. v. 阻挡；遮住 例：The curtains block out sunlight.（窗帘挡住了阳光。） ☞block off 封锁；封闭 例：Police blocked off the area after the accident.（事故发生后警察封锁了该区域。） ☞2023 广州卷阅读理解：The restaurant is located in a busy block. ☞2022 江苏卷完形填空：Police blocked off the area after the incident. decorate /'dekəreɪt/ v. 装饰；装潢 词性转换 常见搭配 真题演练 ☞decoration n. 装饰（物）；勋章 ☞decorative adj. 装饰性的 ☞decorate...with...（用...装饰...） ☞be decorated with/in（被...装饰） ☞decorate for（为...场合装饰） ☞— Our school library ________ with plants and lovely desks. — So I feel relaxed reading there. (江苏南京中考) A. decorates B. decorated C. is decorated D. was decorating ☞We will ________ the classroom with balloons for the party. A. cover B. decorate C. fill D. put C B cover /'kʌvə(r)/ v. 遮盖；包括 n. 遮盖物；封皮 词性转换 常见搭配 真题演练 ☞ uncover v. 揭露；暴露 ☞ discover v. 发现 ☞ recover v. 恢复，重新盖 ☞cover...with...（用...覆盖...） ☞cover the cost/expenses（支付费用） ☞cover a distance（覆盖一段距离） ☞under cover（隐蔽地；秘密地） ☞ — The ground is ________ snow. It looks so beautiful! (四川成都中考) A. covered with B. filled with C. made of ☞ Scientists ________ a new planet last year. (广东广州中考) A. invented B. discovered C. created A B poster /'pəʊstə(r)/ n. 海报 scissors /'sɪzəz/ n. 剪刀 glue /ɡluː/ n. 胶水 v. 粘贴 paper cutting 剪纸 Exercise 一、选择题 1. I will wait here ______ you come back. A. until B. after C. since D. when 2. He didn't leave ______ midnight. A. since B. at C. by D. until 3. The room was ______ with snow. A. covering B. covered C. cover D. covers 4. ______ you go, I will follow. A. Whenever B. Whatever C. Wherever D. However 5. She ______ the news with joy. A. received B. accepted C. excepted D. except Exercise 一、选择题 6. The ______ of the house is attractive. A. designer B. design C. designing D. designed 7. I can ______ the flowers from here. A. smelled B. smelt C. smell D. smelling 8. We need to ______ the cost of the project. A. cover B. covered C. covering D. coverage 9. The teacher asked us to ______ the groups. A. keep away B. keep apart C. keep out D. keep off 10. ______ you ______ to the museum next week? A. Are / going B. Will / go C. Do / go D. Have / gone Exercise 二、词汇填空 1. The ___________ (arrive) of the train was delayed due to the storm. 2. She felt a sense of __________ (joyful) when she saw her friends. 3. Please __________ (分享) your ideas with the rest of the class. 4. The _________ (luggage) compartment in the plane is quite large. 5. He _________ (smell) the fresh bread and felt hungry. 6. The journey _________ (last) for three hours. 7. I need to _________ (pack) my bags for the trip. 8. The _________ (community) center offers many activities for kids. 9. We should _________ (hang) the picture on the wall. 10. The _________ (dead) of the soldier made people sad. arrival joy share luggage smelt lasted pack community hang death Exercise 三、完成句子 1. 这个房间可以俯瞰整个城市。 This room has a ___________ the whole city. 2. 他直到电影结束才离开。 He didn't leave ______ the movie ended. 3. 她收到录取通知书时非常激动。 She was very excited ______ she received the admission letter. 4. 请在会议上做笔记。 Please ______ notes during the meeting. 5. 孩子们在花园里快乐地玩耍。 The children played happily ________________. view over until when take in the garden Exercise 三、完成句子 6. 这个问题有几个可能的答案。 There are ___________ possible answers to this question. 7. 他几乎从不迟到。 He is _____________ late. 8. 她在派对上几乎认识所有人。 She _____________ almost everyone at the party. 9. 这个社区有很多活动。 This ____________________ many activities. 10. 我们应该把垃圾扔进垃圾桶。 We should throw the rubbish ___________________. several almost never knew community has into the bin Exercise 四、选词填空 1. The ________ of the soldier made people sad. 2. This room has a _______ of the whole city. 3. Please ______ your ideas with the rest of the class. 4. The ______ from the flowers filled the air. 5. She felt a sense of ______ when she saw her friends. 6. The ______ of the train was delayed due to the storm. 7. We need to ______ the cost of the project. 8. He didn't leave ______ the movie ended. 9. The children played happily in the ______________. 10. The ______ center offers many activities for kids. arrive, share, journey, smell, cover, hang, pack, community, dead, joyful death view share smell joy arrival cover until hang community $