第12讲 连词-【春季高考必胜】2026年小高考英语总复习 满分冲刺（广东省专用）

春季高考·必胜 第12讲 连词 内容提要 核心语法回顾 专项能力突破 解题综合提升 一、并列连词：按逻辑关系分类及用法 并列连词用于连接 “层次相同、意义相关” 的单词、短语或句子，核心按 “并列、转折、选择、因果” 四种逻辑关系区分，需掌握其固定搭配及主谓一致规则。 关系 常用连词 用法说明 示例 并列关系 and, both...and..., not only...but also..., as well as, neither...nor... 1. 表 “和、又”（and）； 2. 表 “两者都”（both...and...）； 3. 表 “不仅... 而且...”（not only...but also...）； 4. 表 “既不... 也不...”（neither...nor...） 1. I like apples and bananas. 2. Both he and she are students. 3. Not only you but also he is wrong. 4. Neither rain nor snow stops him. 转折关系 but, however, yet, while, not...but... 1. 表 “但是”（but/yet）； 2. 表 “然而”（however，需用逗号隔开）； 3. 表 “对比”（while）； 4. 表 “不是... 而是...”（not...but...） 1. He is young, but he is brave. 2. It's raining; however, we will go. 3. He likes sports while she likes music. 4. It's not a dog but a cat. 选择关系 or, either...or... 1. 表 “或者”（or）； 2. 表 “要么... 要么...”（either...or...）； 3. 祈使句 + or 表 “否则” 1. Would you like tea or coffee? 2. Either you come or I go. 3. Hurry up, or you'll be late. 因果关系 for, so 1. 表 “因为”（for，解释原因，前有逗号）； 2. 表 “所以”（so，表结果） 1. I stayed home, for I was ill. 2. It's hot, so I open the window. 注意事项： 1. 主谓一致原则： o 就近原则：not only...but also..., neither...nor..., either...or...（谓语动词与最近的主语一致，如：Not only he but also I am here.）。 o 就远原则：as well as（谓语动词与第一个主语一致，如：He as well as his friends likes sports.）。 o 复数原则：both...and...（谓语动词必用复数，如：Both you and I are right.）。 2. 避免重复：because 与 so 不可同时使用（错误：Because it's hot, so I open the window. 正确：Because it's hot, I open the window.）。 二、从属连词：引导从句的核心类型 从属连词用于连接主句与从句，按从句类型可分为 “状语从句连词” 和 “名词性从句连词”，需重点掌握常见从句的引导词。 类型 常用从属连词 功能说明 示例 时间状语从句 when, while, before, after, until, since, as soon as 表 “当... 时”“在... 之前 / 之后”“直到”“自从”“一... 就...” 1. I was reading when he came. 2. After he left, I cried. 3. I won't go until you come. 条件状语从句 if, unless, as long as 表 “如果”“除非”“只要” 1. If it rains, we won't go. 2. You'll fail unless you study. 原因状语从句 because, since, as 表 “因为”“既然”“由于” 1. I cried because I was sad. 2. Since you're here, stay. 让步状语从句 though/although, even if 表 “虽然”“即使” 1. Though it's hard, I'll try. 2. I'll go even if it rains. 结果状语从句 so...that..., such...that... 表 “如此... 以至于...” 1. It's so hot that I'm thirsty. 2. He's such a kind man that everyone likes him. 宾语从句 that, if/whether, what, when, where 引导动词 / 介词后的从句，表 “陈述”“是否”“疑问” 1. I think that he is right. 2. I ask if he will come. 3. Do you know where he is? 注意事项： 1. 时态呼应：宾语从句中，主句为一般过去时，从句需用相应过去时态（如：He said he was happy.）；若从句为客观真理，时态不变（如：He said the earth goes around the sun.）。 2. though/although 与 but 不可同时使用（错误：Though it's hard, but I'll try. 正确：Though it's hard, I'll try.）。 3. if 的双重含义：引导条件状语从句表 “如果”（时态遵循 “主将从现”），引导宾语从句表 “是否”（时态随主句）。 三、并列连词与从属连词的核心区别 两者的核心差异在于 “连接对象的层次” 和 “句子结构的影响”，需避免混淆使用。 维度 并列连词 从属连词 连接对象 单词、短语、并列句（层次相同） 主句与从句（主从关系，从句依赖主句） 句子结构 连接后为 “并列句”，各分句可独立成句 连接后为 “主从复合句”，从句不可独立成句 标点符号 分句间常用逗号或分号隔开 从句可位于主句前（用逗号隔开）或后（无需逗号） 示例 He is tall, and he is strong. When he came, I was reading. 注意事项： 误将从属连词当作并列连词使用（错误：He is tall, when he is strong. 正确：He is tall and he is strong.）。 误将并列连词当作从属连词使用（错误：And he came, I was reading. 正确：When he came, I was reading.）。 一、单句语法填空：用适当的词填空 1．Turn your radio down, you’ll wake the neighbors. 2．I spent days preparing writing my first English paper. 3．I thought you might like something to read,   I have brought you some books. 4．I could still have a burger now and then, I would add a salad or an apple. 5．I stayed with a lovely host family went to school with their son, Daniel. 6．She’s only a great dramatic actress but she’s also very funny. 7．He was feeling bad, he went to work and tried to concentrate. 8．I think she’s either Russian British. 9．For much of that time, she wanted to fly, never had the chance until now. 10．He paid back the money he owed us moment he returned home. 11．The journey was long, the view from the top of the mountain was worth it. 12．I want to focus on my band have a career in music when I leave school. 13．I thought we’d be late for the concert, we ended up getting there ahead of time. 14．The new graduates are advised to combine their knowledge practice. 15．The bike is old, usable. 二、完成句子 1. 她的英语和西班牙语都说得很好。 She speaks English Spanish well. 2. 她打算努力使它成为一个女人同时也是男人的世界。 She intends to fight to make it a woman’s a man’s world. 3. 吉姆不仅擅长篮球，而且擅长网球。 Jim is good at basketball tennis. 4. 许多人被机关枪的火力射死或射伤。 Many of the men were killed wounded by machine gun fire. 5. The giant panda is a rare animal in China one of the rare animals on the earth. 大熊猫不仅是中国的珍稀动物，也是地球上的稀有动物之一。 6. people buildings last forever, but Chen Lei’s photos can help us remember them. 人与建筑都不是永恒的，但是陈磊的照片可以帮助我们记住它们。 7. 即使我失败很多次，也不会灰心丧气。 I’ll never lose heart I fail for many times. 8. 它到底是个好主意还是坏主意，我们很快会见分晓。 it turns out to be a good idea a bad idea, we’ll find out. 9. 只有努力学习，你才会在学习上取得快速进步。 you work hard can you make rapid progress in your study. 10. 迈克一放学回家就开始做饭。 Mike started cooking he got home from school. 11. 你永远不会看到我没有书或笔。 You will see me a book a pen. 12. 这一天似乎永远不会结束。 It seemed the day would never end. 13. 人生在世总是有苦也有甜。 You will always have the bad the good in the world. 14. Sweetmeats are candies sweetbreads, which aren’t sweet, are meat. “甜肉”是糖果，而“甜面包”，其实不甜，是肉。 15. We don’t dare to say a word _________ she asks us ________. 如果她不要求，我们连一句话也不敢说。 三、完形填空 Passage 1： The Pain and the Mission Wayne Holdsworth lived a peaceful life with his lovely family. His son Mac, 17, was a 1 and active teenager who loved sports and had many friends. Everything seemed 2 until one evening, Mac came to him with tears in his eyes and said, “Dad, I had been 3 into online scam (诈骗).” Wayne tried to 4 his son and took him to the police station. Through the 5 effort, the police found the scammer and punished him severely. But the embarrassment 6 Mac, knowing all his friends had known his being cheated. Despite his father’s support, Mac was overwhelmed with shame and began to 7 from their usual activities and friends. He was unable to 8 the stress. So his mental health became increasingly worse. 9 , Mac took his own lives on a Sunday morning. Wayne couldn’t stop 10 himself for his ignoring the signs earlier. After two months, Wayne decided to turn his 11 into helping others. He founded a charity called Smack Talk to educate people on how to prevent similar tragedies. He 12 to schools and communities, speaking publicly to raise awareness about the dangers of online scams. Through his mission, Wayne found a sense of purpose and 13 . He turned his personal tragedy into a driving force for 14 change, honoring his son’s memories by offering hope to others. His efforts have 15 the lives of many people, helping them find light in their darkest moments. 1. A．cheerful B．sensitive C．cautious D．tough 2. A．mysterious B．normal C．special D．different 3. A．changed B．persuaded C．tricked D．invited 4. A．comfort B．scold C．interrupt D．stand 5. A．medical B．personal C．voluntary D．joint 6. A．limited B．crushed C．encouraged D．supported 7. A．suffer B．resign C．benefit D．withdraw 8. A．note down B．look into C．cope with D．hold on 9. A．Tragically B．Fortunately C．Surprisingly D．Undoubtedly 10. A．asking B．praising C．blaming D．forgiving 11. A．life B．pain C．mission D．insight 12. A．escaped B．travelled C．drove D．opposed 13. A．healing B．judgment C．belonging D．urgency 14. A．accidental B．obvious C．positive D．indirect 15. A．touched B．balanced C．ruined D．simplified Passage 2 Emily, a top high school student, had few friends despite her excellent performance in her studies. Lucas, a new classmate with a friendly attitude, quickly became 1 . His good communication skills reminded Emily to 2 her own way of socializing The school started a community service project. For the first time Emily decided to work with others, choosing Lucas to be her 3 . Their task was to manage a food drive (食物募捐), asking others to 4 food to the hungry. They faced 5 like how to get people interested. Working together, they turned the food drive into a huge 6 , collecting more food than ever before. On the day of the project presentation, a classmate, 7 about their success, said they 8 the record of the food. Emily and Lucas showed their careful notes rather than 9 with him. Doubts cleared up, everyone 10 for their achievement. Later they 11 the collected food to the community center. This experience 12 Emily greatly. She found out what fun it was working with others and how 13 a group could be when they worked together. From then on, her friendship with Lucas grew, and they got more people interested in the charity work they 14 . The pair work not only won Emily a good friend but also taught her a valuable lesson. When people 15 , they can do more than they ever could on their own. 1. A．popular B．professional C．responsible D．proud 2. A．continue B．create C．rethink D．recall 3. A．client B．competitor C．customer D．partner 4. A．introduce B．report C．donate D．describe 5. A．chances B．challenges C．adventures D．attractions 6. A．trade B．trap C．match D．success 7. A．curious B．doubtful C．serious D．crazy 8. A．make up B．make out C．give out     D．give off 9. A．discuss B．compare C．argue D．exchange 10. A．searched B．cheered C．paid D．prepared 11. A．delivered B．sold C．threw D．lent 12. A．annoyed B．changed C．hurt D．bored 13. A．polite B．careful C．powerful D．selfless 14. A．organized B．checked C．demanded D．investigated 15. A．break down B．work out C．give away D．pull together Passage 3 “Nancy, try cooking for us today,” my mother called. “But I don’t know how to 1 .” I said. “Today your father and I will 2 you to cook,” said my mother. I didn’t know 3 it would go, but I agreed. I saw my mother cook rice before, so I did it easily. 4 when I planned to cook vegetables, I didn’t know how to do it. My father asked me to 5 one cabbage and make other ingredients 6 . “Now put some garlic (大蒜) into the pot. Then,   7 some turmeric (姜黄根粉) and put the cabbage. Don’t 8 to add some salt,” my father said. He stood next to me and told me what I should do   9 finishing the cabbage. I cooked beef soup   10 . I finished cooking the meal almost two hours later. I 11 the food to my parents. They ate it and said it was   12 . At last, it was 13 turn to eat the food. However, I thought it was terrible. From that day on, I learnt to cook. Although my first cooking was so terrible, it taught me a great 14 . I started respecting (尊重) the meals my parents cooked for me, as I learnt that it was not   15 to cook meals. 1. A．wash B．cook C．sing D．drive 2. A．choose B．encourage C．expect D．teach 3. A．what B．how C．which D．when 4. A．Because B．So C．But D．If 5. A．add to B．cut up C．pour into D．take away 6. A．ready B．funny C．lucky D．healthy 7. A．fall B．cover C．pick D．add 8. A．agree B．plan C．leave D．forget 9. A．through B．after C．from D．before 10. A．quickly B．loudly C．finally D．quietly 11. A．served B．turned C．filled D．shared 12. A．comfortable B．fresh C．hard D．wonderful 13. A．my B．his C．our D．their 14. A．program B．reason C．hobby D．lesson 15. A．difficult B．easy C．similar D．common 四、语法填空 Passage 1 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Gu Yanwu (1613—1682), a native of Kunshan in Jiangsu, was originally named Jiang and styled Zhongqing. He passed the county-level imperial (皇家的) exam and chose 1 (become) a scholar during the Ming Dynasty. After the fall of the Ming Dynasty, Gu changed his given name to Yanwu due to his 2 (admire) for the conduct and character of Wang Yanwu, one of Wen Tianxiang’s students. During his lifetime, Gu followed the principle: “For the rise and fall of the country, every common man is responsible.” He stressed that one’s academic work should be based 3 a sound character. According to Gu Yanwu, the sense of propriety (礼节), righteousness, integrity 4 awareness of shame are the four 5 (virtue) one should acquire. When 6 (do) academic work, he believed in learning widely and deeply and avoiding actions 7 could bring shame. When studying classic works, Gu valued textual criticism and argued that Pu Xue (meaning “practical, down-to-earth studies and teachings”) should take 8 place of Li Xue (meaning “studies and teachings of the universal principles”) which was 9 (influence) during the Song and Ming Dynasties. Therefore, he 10 (view) as the founding father of the philology (文献学) of the Qing Dynasty. Passage 2 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 All kids desire more screen time. Code. org wants to make that time 1 (meaning) and fun by sharing online coding (编程) classes for kids of all ages 2 skill levels —all for free. From pre-K to high school, kids can learn how to build video games and smartphone apps. It 3 (be) all thanks to the easy-to-follow course instruction. The time 4 (spend) learning how to problem-solve may one day lead to careers (事业) focused on high-tech innovation (创新), according to Beth Nickel 5 leads the program. Nickel says that there are many 6 (advantage) for parents who sign up, too. “You can talk the same language if you know that they are working on an activity or an app, and you can share a common language. They also have 7 whole lot of really fun hands-on interactive activities, where families and students can create 8 (they) own game or app using the resources that Code. org offers.” The creators of Code. org have a mission of 9 (get) computer science into the hands of students, teachers, and educators to help build a general 10 (understand) . Nickel shares that programs like this will help to build the talent pool needed to fill Arizona’s high-tech jobs of the future. Passage 3 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 The 2025 Pritzker Architecture Prize (普利茨克建筑奖) has been awarded to Liu Jiakun, the designer of Suzhou Imperial Bricks Museum, 1 national 4A-level tourist attraction. It is China’s first museum committed 2 showcasing the culture and examples of Ming and Qing dynasty imperial kiln (窑) bricks. Liu and his team crafted an museum which offers 3 (tourist) an immersive historical experience of the firing process of imperial kiln bricks. These square-shaped bricks underwent a complex manufacturing process 4 strict quality control before 5 (use) to pave the floors of imperial halls, palaces, and tombs. The imperial brick kiln still 6 (remain) operational today, with its bricks being applied to heritage restoration projects like the Summer Palace. What particularly impressed the Pritzker jury was Liu’s design philosophy 7 architecture should arise from its site, 8 (shape) by its materials, climate, and cultural context. “His design could provide 9 (remark) insights into addressing the challenges of urban 10 (grow).” remarked Alejandro Aravena, chairman of the jury. 6 / 10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$春季高考·必胜 第12讲 连词 内容提要 核心语法回顾 专项能力突破 解题综合提升 一、并列连词：按逻辑关系分类及用法 并列连词用于连接 “层次相同、意义相关” 的单词、短语或句子，核心按 “并列、转折、选择、因果” 四种逻辑关系区分，需掌握其固定搭配及主谓一致规则。 关系 常用连词 用法说明 示例 并列关系 and, both...and..., not only...but also..., as well as, neither...nor... 1. 表 “和、又”（and）； 2. 表 “两者都”（both...and...）； 3. 表 “不仅... 而且...”（not only...but also...）； 4. 表 “既不... 也不...”（neither...nor...） 1. I like apples and bananas. 2. Both he and she are students. 3. Not only you but also he is wrong. 4. Neither rain nor snow stops him. 转折关系 but, however, yet, while, not...but... 1. 表 “但是”（but/yet）； 2. 表 “然而”（however，需用逗号隔开）； 3. 表 “对比”（while）； 4. 表 “不是... 而是...”（not...but...） 1. He is young, but he is brave. 2. It's raining; however, we will go. 3. He likes sports while she likes music. 4. It's not a dog but a cat. 选择关系 or, either...or... 1. 表 “或者”（or）； 2. 表 “要么... 要么...”（either...or...）； 3. 祈使句 + or 表 “否则” 1. Would you like tea or coffee? 2. Either you come or I go. 3. Hurry up, or you'll be late. 因果关系 for, so 1. 表 “因为”（for，解释原因，前有逗号）； 2. 表 “所以”（so，表结果） 1. I stayed home, for I was ill. 2. It's hot, so I open the window. 注意事项： 1. 主谓一致原则： o 就近原则：not only...but also..., neither...nor..., either...or...（谓语动词与最近的主语一致，如：Not only he but also I am here.）。 o 就远原则：as well as（谓语动词与第一个主语一致，如：He as well as his friends likes sports.）。 o 复数原则：both...and...（谓语动词必用复数，如：Both you and I are right.）。 2. 避免重复：because 与 so 不可同时使用（错误：Because it's hot, so I open the window. 正确：Because it's hot, I open the window.）。 二、从属连词：引导从句的核心类型 从属连词用于连接主句与从句，按从句类型可分为 “状语从句连词” 和 “名词性从句连词”，需重点掌握常见从句的引导词。 类型 常用从属连词 功能说明 示例 时间状语从句 when, while, before, after, until, since, as soon as 表 “当... 时”“在... 之前 / 之后”“直到”“自从”“一... 就...” 1. I was reading when he came. 2. After he left, I cried. 3. I won't go until you come. 条件状语从句 if, unless, as long as 表 “如果”“除非”“只要” 1. If it rains, we won't go. 2. You'll fail unless you study. 原因状语从句 because, since, as 表 “因为”“既然”“由于” 1. I cried because I was sad. 2. Since you're here, stay. 让步状语从句 though/although, even if 表 “虽然”“即使” 1. Though it's hard, I'll try. 2. I'll go even if it rains. 结果状语从句 so...that..., such...that... 表 “如此... 以至于...” 1. It's so hot that I'm thirsty. 2. He's such a kind man that everyone likes him. 宾语从句 that, if/whether, what, when, where 引导动词 / 介词后的从句，表 “陈述”“是否”“疑问” 1. I think that he is right. 2. I ask if he will come. 3. Do you know where he is? 注意事项： 1. 时态呼应：宾语从句中，主句为一般过去时，从句需用相应过去时态（如：He said he was happy.）；若从句为客观真理，时态不变（如：He said the earth goes around the sun.）。 2. though/although 与 but 不可同时使用（错误：Though it's hard, but I'll try. 正确：Though it's hard, I'll try.）。 3. if 的双重含义：引导条件状语从句表 “如果”（时态遵循 “主将从现”），引导宾语从句表 “是否”（时态随主句）。 三、并列连词与从属连词的核心区别 两者的核心差异在于 “连接对象的层次” 和 “句子结构的影响”，需避免混淆使用。 维度 并列连词 从属连词 连接对象 单词、短语、并列句（层次相同） 主句与从句（主从关系，从句依赖主句） 句子结构 连接后为 “并列句”，各分句可独立成句 连接后为 “主从复合句”，从句不可独立成句 标点符号 分句间常用逗号或分号隔开 从句可位于主句前（用逗号隔开）或后（无需逗号） 示例 He is tall, and he is strong. When he came, I was reading. 注意事项： 误将从属连词当作并列连词使用（错误：He is tall, when he is strong. 正确：He is tall and he is strong.）。 误将并列连词当作从属连词使用（错误：And he came, I was reading. 正确：When he came, I was reading.）。 一、单句语法填空：用适当的词填空 1．Turn your radio down, you’ll wake the neighbors. 【答案】or 【详解】考查连词。句意：把收音机的声音调小些，不然会把邻居吵醒。由“Turn your radio down”和“you’ll wake the neighbors”可知，句子表示“把收音机的声音调小些，不然会把邻居吵醒”，空格处意为“否则”，使用or，故填or。 2．I spent days preparing writing my first English paper. 【答案】and 【详解】考查连词。句意：我花了几天时间准备和写我的第一篇英语论文。preparing和writing之间是并列关系，因此空格处用and表并列，故填and。 3．I thought you might like something to read,   I have brought you some books. 【答案】so 【详解】考查连词。句意：我想你可能想读点什么，所以我给你带来了一些书。结合前后文语境可知为因果关系，应用连词so。故填so。 4．I could still have a burger now and then, I would add a salad or an apple. 【答案】but 【详解】考查连词。句意：我仍然可以偶尔吃一个汉堡，但我会加一份沙拉或一个苹果。分析句子可知，空格前后表示转折，需要连词but。故填but。 5．I stayed with a lovely host family went to school with their son, Daniel. 【答案】and 【详解】考查连词。句意：我住在一个可爱的寄宿家庭，和他们的儿子丹尼尔一起上学。根据句意分析句子可知，句中的stayed和went是并列谓语，所以空格处应该填入并列连词and。故填and。 6．She’s only a great dramatic actress but she’s also very funny. 【答案】not 【详解】考查连词。句意：她不仅是一个伟大的戏剧演员，而且她也很有趣。not only...but also“不但......而且”为固定用法，为并列连词。故填not。 7．He was feeling bad, he went to work and tried to concentrate. 【答案】but 【详解】考查连词。句意：他感觉很糟糕，但他还是去工作，努力集中精力。由He was feeling bad和he went to work and tried to concentrate可知，句子表示“他感觉很糟糕，但他还是去工作，努力集中精力”，空格处意为“但是”，用but表转折，故填but。 8．I think she’s either Russian British. 【答案】or 【详解】考查固定句型。句意：我想她不是俄国人就是英国人。表示“不是……就是……”句型为either...or...，故填or。 9．For much of that time, she wanted to fly, never had the chance until now. 【答案】but 【详解】考查连词。句意：大部分时间里，她都想飞行，但直到现在才有机会。前后句意表示转折关系，用连词but。故填but。 10．He paid back the money he owed us moment he returned home. 【答案】the 【详解】考查连词。句意：他一回到家就把欠我们的钱还了。the moment一......就.....，为连词短语，引导时间状语从句。故填the。 11．The journey was long, the view from the top of the mountain was worth it. 【答案】but 【详解】考查并列连词。句意：旅途漫长，但山顶的景色是值得的。结合题意，本句前后表示转折关系，应用连词but连接。故填but。 12．I want to focus on my band have a career in music when I leave school. 【答案】and 【详解】考查连词。句意：我想专注于我的乐队，并在毕业后从事音乐事业。句中“focus on my band”和“have a career in music”是两个并列的动词短语，应用连词and连接。故填and。 13．I thought we’d be late for the concert, we ended up getting there ahead of time. 【答案】but 【详解】考查连词。句意：我原以为我们音乐会要迟到了，但最终我们提前到了那里。前后句子之间为转折关系，所以用转折连词but。故填but。 14．The new graduates are advised to combine their knowledge practice. 【答案】with/and 【详解】考查介词和连词。句意：建议应届毕业生将知识与实践相结合。combine...with/and...“把……和……结合起来”是固定搭配。故填with或and。 15．The bike is old, usable. 【答案】but 【详解】考查连词。句意：这辆自行车旧了，但还能用。前半句说自行车旧了，后半句说还能用，前后形成转折关系，所以用连词 but 表示 “但是” 。故填but。 二、完成句子 1. 她的英语和西班牙语都说得很好。 She speaks English Spanish well. 【答案】 both and 【详解】考查连词。both ... and... ……和 …… (两者)都，用于连接两个表示并列关系的名词或代词。根据句意，故填both; and。 2. 她打算努力使它成为一个女人同时也是男人的世界。 She intends to fight to make it a woman’s a man’s world. 【答案】 as well as 【详解】考查连词。as well as做连词，连接两个相同的成分，表示“即……又……；不仅……而且……”。故填①as；②well；③as。 3. 吉姆不仅擅长篮球，而且擅长网球。 Jim is good at basketball tennis. 【答案】 not only but also 【详解】考查固定搭配。对比中英文句子可知，空格处意为“不仅……而且……”，是固定搭配not only...but also...，故填not only，but also。 4. 许多人被机关枪的火力射死或射伤。 Many of the men were killed wounded by machine gun fire. 【答案】 either or 【详解】考查固定结构。根据中英文提示，空处为either...or...，表示“或者……或者……”，故填either，or。 5. The giant panda is a rare animal in China one of the rare animals on the earth. 大熊猫不仅是中国的珍稀动物，也是地球上的稀有动物之一。 【答案】 not only but also 【详解】考查固定搭配。对比中英文句子可知，空格处意为“不但……而且……”，是固定搭配not only...but also...，因此空格处分别是not only和but also。故填not only，but also。 6. people buildings last forever, but Chen Lei’s photos can help us remember them. 人与建筑都不是永恒的，但是陈磊的照片可以帮助我们记住它们。 【答案】 Neither nor 【详解】考查连词短语。表示“人与建筑都不”用连词短语neither...nor...连接people和buildings，句首单词首字母大写。故填Neither；nor。 7. 即使我失败很多次，也不会灰心丧气。 I’ll never lose heart I fail for many times. 【答案】 even if/though 【详解】考查连词。表示“即使”用even if或even though来引导让步状语从句，故第一空填even，第二空填if/though。 8. 它到底是个好主意还是坏主意，我们很快会见分晓。 it turns out to be a good idea a bad idea, we’ll find out. 【答案】 Whether or 【详解】考查让步状语从句。根据句意及所给句子可知，表示“是……还是”可以用whether...or...引导让步状语从句。故填①Whether；②or。 9. 只有努力学习，你才会在学习上取得快速进步。 you work hard can you make rapid progress in your study. 【答案】Only if 【详解】考查连词。根据句意可知，此处意为“只有”，故应用连词only if引导条件状语从句，且only放句首，主语用部分倒装can you make rapid progress，故填Only if。 10. 迈克一放学回家就开始做饭。 Mike started cooking he got home from school. 【答案】as soon as 【详解】考查连词。对比中英文句子可知，空处应用连词as soon as“一……就……”引导时间状语从句。故填as soon as。 11. 你永远不会看到我没有书或笔。 You will see me a book a pen. 【答案】 never without or 【详解】考查副词，介词和连词。根据汉语，空1意思是永远不，译为“never”，副词作状语；空2意思是没有，译为“without”，介词；空3意思是或，译为“or”，连词，本句连接两个名词，表示选择的关系，故填never；without；or。 12. 这一天似乎永远不会结束。 It seemed the day would never end. 【答案】 as if/though 【详解】考查短语。“好像”为短语as if/though，故填as；if/though。 13. 人生在世总是有苦也有甜。 You will always have the bad the good in the world. 【答案】 as well as 【详解】考查固定短语。根据提示“也有”可知，此处为固定短语“as well as”，故填①as ②well ③as。 14. Sweetmeats are candies sweetbreads, which aren’t sweet, are meat. “甜肉”是糖果，而“甜面包”，其实不甜，是肉。 【答案】while 【详解】考查连词。“而”应用连词while，表示对比，故填while。 15. We don’t dare to say a word _________ she asks us ________. 如果她不要求，我们连一句话也不敢说。 【答案】unless；to 【详解】考查unless从句和省略；“unless+从句”表示“除了……”；ask、have等词后表达同一内容，则to后的内容可以省略去，但to不可省去。故填unless;to。 三、完形填空 Passage 1： The Pain and the Mission Wayne Holdsworth lived a peaceful life with his lovely family. His son Mac, 17, was a 1 and active teenager who loved sports and had many friends. Everything seemed 2 until one evening, Mac came to him with tears in his eyes and said, “Dad, I had been 3 into online scam (诈骗).” Wayne tried to 4 his son and took him to the police station. Through the 5 effort, the police found the scammer and punished him severely. But the embarrassment 6 Mac, knowing all his friends had known his being cheated. Despite his father’s support, Mac was overwhelmed with shame and began to 7 from their usual activities and friends. He was unable to 8 the stress. So his mental health became increasingly worse. 9 , Mac took his own lives on a Sunday morning. Wayne couldn’t stop 10 himself for his ignoring the signs earlier. After two months, Wayne decided to turn his 11 into helping others. He founded a charity called Smack Talk to educate people on how to prevent similar tragedies. He 12 to schools and communities, speaking publicly to raise awareness about the dangers of online scams. Through his mission, Wayne found a sense of purpose and 13 . He turned his personal tragedy into a driving force for 14 change, honoring his son’s memories by offering hope to others. His efforts have 15 the lives of many people, helping them find light in their darkest moments. 1. A．cheerful B．sensitive C．cautious D．tough 2. A．mysterious B．normal C．special D．different 3. A．changed B．persuaded C．tricked D．invited 4. A．comfort B．scold C．interrupt D．stand 5. A．medical B．personal C．voluntary D．joint 6. A．limited B．crushed C．encouraged D．supported 7. A．suffer B．resign C．benefit D．withdraw 8. A．note down B．look into C．cope with D．hold on 9. A．Tragically B．Fortunately C．Surprisingly D．Undoubtedly 10. A．asking B．praising C．blaming D．forgiving 11. A．life B．pain C．mission D．insight 12. A．escaped B．travelled C．drove D．opposed 13. A．healing B．judgment C．belonging D．urgency 14. A．accidental B．obvious C．positive D．indirect 15. A．touched B．balanced C．ruined D．simplified 【答案】 1. A 2. B 3. C 4. A 5. D 6. B 7. D 8. C 9. A 10. C 11. B 12. B 13. A 14. C 15. A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要介绍的是Wayne Holdsworth如何在儿子因网络诈骗自杀后，将个人痛苦转化为帮助他人的使命，带给人们希望与光明。 1. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他17岁的儿子Mac是一个开朗、积极向上的少年，热爱运动，有很多朋友 A. cheerful快乐的；B. sensitive敏感的；C. cautious谨慎的；D. tough艰难的。根据下文“active teenager who loved sports and had many friends”可知，Mac是一个快乐活泼的少年。故选A。 2. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一切似乎都很正常，直到一天晚上，Mac眼里含着泪水来找他，说：“爸爸，我被骗进了一个网络诈骗陷阱。”A. mysterious神秘的；B. normal正常的；C. special特别的；D. different不同的。根据上文“Wayne Holdsworth lived a peaceful life with his lovely family.”以及下文“until one evening, Mac came to him with tears in his eyes”可知，在儿子遇到事情之前，一切看起来都很正常。故选B。 3. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：一切似乎都很正常，直到一天晚上，Mac眼里含着泪水来找他，说：“爸爸，我被骗进了一个网络诈骗陷阱。”A. changed改变；B. persuaded说服；C. tricked欺骗；D. invited邀请。根据下文“the police found the scammer and punished him severely”以及“knowing all his friends had known his being cheated”可知，儿子是被卷入了网络诈骗，be tricked into“被诱骗……，被欺骗……”，符合语境。故选C。 4. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Wayne试图安慰他的儿子，并带他去了警察局。A. comfort安慰；B. scold责骂；C. interrupt打断；D. stand站立。根据上文“Mac came to him with tears in his eyes”可知，儿子很伤心，所以父亲应是尽力安慰他。故选A。 5. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：通过警方和他们的共同努力，警察找到了诈骗者，并对他进行了严厉的惩罚。A. medical医疗的；B. personal个人的；C. voluntary自愿的；D. joint联合的，共同的。根据下文“the police found the scammer and punished him severely”可知，应是在父亲和警察的共同努力下，找到了诈骗者并严惩了他。故选D。 6. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是这种尴尬压垮了Mac，因为他知道所有的朋友都已经知道他被骗了。A. limited限制；B. crushed压碎，使崩溃；C. encouraged鼓励；D. supported支持。根据下文“knowing all his friends had known his being cheated”以及“Despite his father’s support, Mac was overwhelmed with shame”可知，因为朋友们都知道他被骗了，这种尴尬压垮了他。故选B。 7. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管有父亲的支持，Mac还是羞愧难当，开始从他们平常的活动和朋友中退缩。A. suffer遭受；B. resign辞职；C. benefit受益；D. withdraw退出。根据上文“Mac was overwhelmed with shame”以及下文“his mental health became increasingly worse”可知，Mac因为羞愧开始退出平常的活动和远离朋友。故选D。 8. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：他无法应对这种压力。A. note down记下；B. look into调查；C. cope with处理，应对；D. hold on坚持。根据下文“his mental health became increasingly worse”以及“Mac took his own lives on a Sunday morning”可知，他无法应对压力。故选C。 9. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：不幸的是，Mac在一个周日的早晨结束了自己的生命。 A. Tragically悲剧地；B. Fortunately幸运地；C. Surprisingly惊人地；D. Undoubtedly确实地。根据下文“Mac took his own lives on a Sunday morning”可知，这是一个悲剧。故选A。 10. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Wayne不停地责怪自己没有早点注意到这些迹象。A. asking问；B. praising赞扬；C. blaming责怪；D. forgiving原谅。根据下文“his ignoring the signs earlier”可知，Wayne忍不住责怪自己没有早点发现那些迹象。故选C。 11. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：两个月后，Wayne决定把自己的痛苦转化为帮助他人的力量。A. life生活；B. pain痛苦；C. mission使命；D. insight洞察力。根据上文可知，儿子的去世让Wayne很痛苦，再结合“He founded a charity called Smack Talk to educate people on how to prevent similar tragedies.”可知，他决定把痛苦转化为帮助他人。故选B。 12. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他前往学校和社区，公开演讲，提高人们对网络诈骗危害的认识。A. escaped逃跑；B. travelled旅行，前往；C. drove驾驶；D. opposed反对。根据下文“to schools and communities, speaking publicly to raise awareness about the dangers of online scams”可知，他去学校和社区公开演讲，以提高人们对网络诈骗危险的认识。故选B。 13. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：通过他的使命，Wayne找到了一种目标感和治愈的力量。A. healing治愈；B. judgment判断；C. belonging归属感；D. urgency紧急。根据上文儿子的去世让他痛苦，以及他通过成立慈善组织做公益可知，他在这个过程中找到了一种治愈的感觉和目标感。故选A。 14. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他把自己的个人悲剧转化为推动积极改变的动力，通过给他人带来希望来纪念他的儿子。A. accidental意外的；B. obvious明显的；C. positive积极的；D. indirect间接的。根据上文“He turned his personal tragedy into a driving force”以及下文“honoring his son’s memories by offering hope to others”可知，他把个人的悲剧转化为积极改变的动力。故选C。 15. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的努力触动了许多人的生活，帮助他们在最黑暗的时刻找到光明。A. touched感动，触动；B. balanced平衡；C. ruined毁灭；D. simplified简化。根据下文“helping them find light in their darkest moments”可知，他的努力感动了很多人，帮助他们在最黑暗的时刻找到希望。故选A。 Passage 2 Emily, a top high school student, had few friends despite her excellent performance in her studies. Lucas, a new classmate with a friendly attitude, quickly became 1 . His good communication skills reminded Emily to 2 her own way of socializing The school started a community service project. For the first time Emily decided to work with others, choosing Lucas to be her 3 . Their task was to manage a food drive (食物募捐), asking others to 4 food to the hungry. They faced 5 like how to get people interested. Working together, they turned the food drive into a huge 6 , collecting more food than ever before. On the day of the project presentation, a classmate, 7 about their success, said they 8 the record of the food. Emily and Lucas showed their careful notes rather than 9 with him. Doubts cleared up, everyone 10 for their achievement. Later they 11 the collected food to the community center. This experience 12 Emily greatly. She found out what fun it was working with others and how 13 a group could be when they worked together. From then on, her friendship with Lucas grew, and they got more people interested in the charity work they 14 . The pair work not only won Emily a good friend but also taught her a valuable lesson. When people 15 , they can do more than they ever could on their own. 1. A．popular B．professional C．responsible D．proud 2. A．continue B．create C．rethink D．recall 3. A．client B．competitor C．customer D．partner 4. A．introduce B．report C．donate D．describe 5. A．chances B．challenges C．adventures D．attractions 6. A．trade B．trap C．match D．success 7. A．curious B．doubtful C．serious D．crazy 8. A．make up B．make out C．give out     D．give off 9. A．discuss B．compare C．argue D．exchange 10. A．searched B．cheered C．paid D．prepared 11. A．delivered B．sold C．threw D．lent 12. A．annoyed B．changed C．hurt D．bored 13. A．polite B．careful C．powerful D．selfless 14. A．organized B．checked C．demanded D．investigated 15. A．break down B．work out C．give away D．pull together 【答案】 1. A 2. C 3. D 4. C 5. B 6. D 7. B 8. A 9. C 10. B 11. A 12. B 13. C 14. A 15. D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了没什么朋友的Emily通过一次社区服务活动，学会了团队合作的重要性，并与Lucas建立了深厚的友谊。 1. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Lucas，一个态度友好的新同学，很快变得受欢迎起来。A. popular受欢迎的；B. professional专业的；C. responsible负责任的；D. proud自豪的。根据上文“a friendly attitude”可知，Lucas的态度友好，因此他很快变得受欢迎。故选A。 2. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他良好的沟通技巧让Emily重新思考了自己的社交方式。A. continue继续；B. create创造；C. rethink重新思考；D. recall回忆。根据空后“her own way of socializing”以及下文“The pair work not only won Emily a good friend but also taught her a valuable lesson”可知，Lucas的沟通技巧启发了Emily，让她开始重新思考自己的社交方式。故选C。 3. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：第一次，Emily决定和别人合作，选择Lucas作为她的搭档。A. client客户；B. competitor竞争者；C. customer顾客；D. partner搭档。根据上文“work with others”和下文“The pair work”可知，Emily决定和别人合作，因此选择Lucas作为搭档。故选D。 4. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们的任务是管理一个食物募捐活动，请求别人向饥饿的人捐赠食物。A. introduce介绍；B. report报告；C. donate捐赠；D. describe描述。根据上文“Their task was to manage a food drive (食物募捐)”以及空后“to the hungry”可知，他们的任务是请求别人捐赠食物给饥饿的人。故选C。 5. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们面临着挑战，比如如何让人们对这件事感兴趣。A. chances机会；B. challenges挑战；C. adventures冒险；D. attractions吸引。根据下文“like how to get people interested”可知，他们面临着如何让人们对这件事感兴趣的挑战。故选B。 6. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们一起工作，把这个食物募捐活动变成了一个巨大的成功，收集到了比以往任何时候都多的食物。A. trade贸易；B. trap陷阱；C. match比赛；D. success成功。根据下文“collecting more food than ever before”以及“their achievement”可知，他们收集了比以前更多的食物，说明他们一起工作取得了巨大的成功。故选D。 7. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在项目展示的那天，一个同学对他们的成功表示怀疑，说他们伪造了食物的记录。A. curious好奇的；B. doubtful怀疑的；C. serious严肃的；D. crazy疯狂的。根据下文“Doubts cleared up”可知，一个同学对他们的成功表示怀疑。故选B。 8. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：在项目展示的那天，一位同学对他们的成功表示怀疑，并说他们伪造了食物的记录。A. make up编造；B. make out理解；C. give out分发；D. give off发出。根据下文“Doubts cleared up”可知，提出了质疑，说他们伪造了食物的记录。故选A。 9. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Emily和Lucas展示了他们仔细的笔记，而不是和他争论。A. discuss讨论；B. compare比较；C. argue争论；D. exchange交换。根据上文“Emily and Lucas showed their careful notes rather than”可知，Emily和Lucas没有和这个同学争论，而是展示了他们仔细的笔记。故选C。 10. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：疑虑打消后，每个人都为他们的成就欢呼。A. searched搜索；B. cheered欢呼；C. paid支付；D. prepared准备。根据上文“Doubts cleared up”以及空后的“for their achievement”可知，疑虑打消后，每个人都为他们的成就欢呼。故选B。 11. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：后来他们把收集到的食物送到了社区中心。A. delivered送达；B. sold出售；C. threw扔掉；D. lent借出。根据下文“the collected food to the community center”可知，他们把收集到的食物送到了社区中心。故选A。 12. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这次经历极大地改变了Emily。A. annoyed使恼怒；B. changed改变；C. hurt伤害；D. bored使无聊。根据下文“She found out what fun it was working with others”可知，这次经历改变了Emily，让她发现了与他人合作的乐趣。故选B。 13. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她发现与他人合作是多么有趣，以及当他们一起工作时，一个团队可以多么强大。A. polite礼貌的；B. careful小心的；C. powerful强大的；D. selfless无私的。根据下文“when they worked together”以及“they can do more than they ever could on their own”可知，与他人一起工作时，团队的力量是强大的。故选C。 14. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：从那时起，她和Lucas的友谊加深了，他们让更多的人对他们组织的慈善工作感兴趣。A. organized组织；B. checked检查；C. demanded要求；D. investigated调查。根据上文“Their task was to manage a food drive (食物募捐)”可知，他们组织的慈善工作吸引了更多人的兴趣。故选A。 15. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：这次合作不仅为Emily赢得了一个好朋友，还给她上了一堂宝贵的课：当人们齐心协力时，他们能做的事情远远超过他们自己独自能做的事情。A. break down出故障；B. work out解决；C. give away赠送；D. pull together齐心协力。根据下文“they can do more than they ever could on their own”可知，当人们齐心协力时，他们能做的事情远远超过他们自己独自能做的事情。故选D。 Passage 3 “Nancy, try cooking for us today,” my mother called. “But I don’t know how to 1 .” I said. “Today your father and I will 2 you to cook,” said my mother. I didn’t know 3 it would go, but I agreed. I saw my mother cook rice before, so I did it easily. 4 when I planned to cook vegetables, I didn’t know how to do it. My father asked me to 5 one cabbage and make other ingredients 6 . “Now put some garlic (大蒜) into the pot. Then,   7 some turmeric (姜黄根粉) and put the cabbage. Don’t 8 to add some salt,” my father said. He stood next to me and told me what I should do   9 finishing the cabbage. I cooked beef soup   10 . I finished cooking the meal almost two hours later. I 11 the food to my parents. They ate it and said it was   12 . At last, it was 13 turn to eat the food. However, I thought it was terrible. From that day on, I learnt to cook. Although my first cooking was so terrible, it taught me a great 14 . I started respecting (尊重) the meals my parents cooked for me, as I learnt that it was not   15 to cook meals. 1. A．wash B．cook C．sing D．drive 2. A．choose B．encourage C．expect D．teach 3. A．what B．how C．which D．when 4. A．Because B．So C．But D．If 5. A．add to B．cut up C．pour into D．take away 6. A．ready B．funny C．lucky D．healthy 7. A．fall B．cover C．pick D．add 8. A．agree B．plan C．leave D．forget 9. A．through B．after C．from D．before 10. A．quickly B．loudly C．finally D．quietly 11. A．served B．turned C．filled D．shared 12. A．comfortable B．fresh C．hard D．wonderful 13. A．my B．his C．our D．their 14. A．program B．reason C．hobby D．lesson 15. A．difficult B．easy C．similar D．common 【答案】 1. B 2. D 3. B 4. C 5. B 6. A 7. D 8. D 9. B 10. C 11. A 12. D 13. A 14. D 15. B 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在父母的指导下第一次学做饭的经历。这次经历让作者学会了尊重父母的劳动，也体会到做饭并不容易。 1. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是我不知道如何做饭。A. wash洗；B. cook做饭；C. sing唱歌；D. drive驾驶。根据前文“Nancy, try cooking for us today”和后文“I saw my mother cook rice before, so I did it easily.”可知，此处指“做饭”。故选B项。 2. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：今天我和你爸爸将教你做饭。A. choose选择；B. encourage鼓励；C. expect期望；D. teach教。根据“He stood next to me and told me what I should do   9 finishing the cabbage, I cooked beef soup   10 . ”可知，父母是教作者做饭。故选D项。 3. 考查疑问词词义辨析。句意：我不知道结果会怎样，但我同意了。A. what什么；B. how怎样；C. which哪一个；D. when什么时候。根据前文“ But I don’t know how to 1 .” 可知，作者不会做饭，不知道结果会怎样。故选B项。 4. 考查连词词义辨析。句意：但是当我打算做菜时，我不知道该怎么做。A. Because因为；B. So所以；C. But但是；D. If如果。根据前文“I saw my mother cook rice before, so I did it easily.” 及后文“I didn’t know how to do it.”可知，作者以前见过妈妈煮米饭，所以很顺利地就把米饭煮好了，但不知道如何炒菜，此处表示转折。故选C项。 5. 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：我爸爸让我切一棵卷心菜并准备其他配料。A. add to添加到；B. cut up切碎；C. pour into倒入；D. take away拿走。根据“make other ingredients 6 ”可知，先切好卷心菜，再准备配料。故选B项。 6. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我爸爸让我切一棵卷心菜并准备其他配料。A. ready准备好的；B. funny有趣的；C. lucky幸运的；D. healthy健康的。据语境可知，此处指“准备好”，make...ready为固定短语，意为“把……准备好”。故选A项。 7. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，加入一些姜黄根粉并放入卷心菜。A. fall掉落；B. cover覆盖；C. pick挑选；D. add添加。根据前文“Now put some garlic into the pot”可知，作者开始做菜，添加各种配料，此处指加入姜黄根粉。故选D项。 8. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：别忘了加一些盐。A. agree同意；B. plan计划；C. leave离开；D. forget忘记。根据语境可知，父亲教作者做菜，告诉其放入各种配料，此处提醒其放入盐。故选D项。 9. 考查介词词义辨析。句意：他站在我旁边，告诉我完成卷心菜后该做什么。A. through通过；B. after在……之后；C. from从；D. before在……之前。根据“He stood next to me and told me what I should do”及后文“I cooked beef soup”可知，作者先做卷心菜，此后又做了牛肉汤。故选B项。 10. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：我最后做了牛肉汤。A. Quickly迅速地；B. Loudly大声地；C. Finally最后；D. Quietly安静地。根据后文“I finished cooking the meal”可知，这里指“最后”做了牛肉汤。故选C项。 11. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我把食物端给父母。A. served端上、提供；B. turned转动；C. filled装满；D. shared分享。根据前文“I finished cooking the meal almost two hours later. ”以及后文“They ate it and said it was 12 .”可知，做完菜后，作者把食物端上来，然后父母品尝。故选A项。 12. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们吃了并说很好吃。A. comfortable舒适的；B. fresh新鲜的；C. hard困难的；硬的；D. wonderful极好的。根据后文“However, I thought it was terrible.”可知，父母称赞食物美味，而作者却觉得难吃，二者形成鲜明对比。故选D项。 13. 考查代词词义辨析。句意：最后，轮到我来吃这些食物了。A. my我的；B. his他的；C. our我们的；D. their他们的。根据前文“They ate it and said it was 12 .”可知，父母品尝完，接下来轮到作者品尝。故选A项。 14. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然第一次做饭糟糕透了，却给我上了深刻的一课。A. program项目；B. reason原因；C. hobby爱好；D. lesson课；经验；教训。根据后文“I started respecting the meals my parents cooked for me, as I learnt that it was not 15 to cook meals.”可知，这次经历让作者明白了做饭的不易，从而获得了宝贵的人生一课。故选D项。 15. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我开始尊重父母为我做的饭，因为我知道做饭并不容易。A. difficult困难的；B. easy容易的；C. similar相似的；D. common常见的。根据作者做饭经历可知，作者学会了尊重父母的劳动，体会到做饭并不容易。故选B项。 四、语法填空 Passage 1 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Gu Yanwu (1613—1682), a native of Kunshan in Jiangsu, was originally named Jiang and styled Zhongqing. He passed the county-level imperial (皇家的) exam and chose 1 (become) a scholar during the Ming Dynasty. After the fall of the Ming Dynasty, Gu changed his given name to Yanwu due to his 2 (admire) for the conduct and character of Wang Yanwu, one of Wen Tianxiang’s students. During his lifetime, Gu followed the principle: “For the rise and fall of the country, every common man is responsible.” He stressed that one’s academic work should be based 3 a sound character. According to Gu Yanwu, the sense of propriety (礼节), righteousness, integrity 4 awareness of shame are the four 5 (virtue) one should acquire. When 6 (do) academic work, he believed in learning widely and deeply and avoiding actions 7 could bring shame. When studying classic works, Gu valued textual criticism and argued that Pu Xue (meaning “practical, down-to-earth studies and teachings”) should take 8 place of Li Xue (meaning “studies and teachings of the universal principles”) which was 9 (influence) during the Song and Ming Dynasties. Therefore, he 10 (view) as the founding father of the philology (文献学) of the Qing Dynasty. 【答案】 1. to become 2. admiration 3. on/ upon 4. and 5. virtues 6. doing 7. that/which 8. the 9. influential 10. was viewed/ is viewed 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要介绍了明末清初的学者顾炎武的生平事迹、学术主张以及他在文献学方面的地位。 1. 考查非谓语动词。句意：他通过了县级科举考试，在明朝选择成为一名学者。“choose to do sth.” 是固定搭配，意为 “选择做某事”。故填to become。 2. 考查名词。句意：明朝灭亡后，顾因为钦佩文天祥的一个学生王炎午的品行而改名为炎武。“his”是形容词性物主代词，后接名词admiration作宾语。故填 admiration。 3. 考查固定搭配。句意：他强调一个人的学术工作应该以良好的品行基础。“be based on/upon” 是固定短语，意为“以…… 为基础”，故填on/upon。 4. 考查连词。句意：根据顾炎武的观点，礼、义、廉、耻是一个人应该具备的四种品德。“sense of propriety (礼节), righteousness, integrity”和“awareness of shame” 是并列关系，所以用“and” 连接。故填and。 5. 考查名词复数。句意：根据顾炎武的观点，礼、义、廉、耻是一个人应该具备的四种品德。“virtue”是可数名词，前面有“four”修饰，所以用复数形式“virtues”。故填virtues。 6. 考查状语从句的省略。句意：在做学术工作时，他主张广泛而深入地学习，避免做出会带来耻辱的行为。本句为状语从句的省略，原句为“When he was doing academic work”，省略了he was。故填doing。 7. 考查定语从句。句意：在做学术工作时，他主张广泛而深入地学习，避免做出会带来耻辱的行为。“actions”是先行词，指物，在定语从句“could bring shame”中作主语，所以用关系代词 “that/which”引导限制性定语从句。故填that/which。 8. 考查冠词。句意：在研究经典著作时，顾重视文献考证，并主张 “朴学”（即 “务实、踏实的研究和教学”）应取代宋明时期有影响力的 “理学”（即 “关于普遍原则的研究和教学”）。“take the place of” 是固定短语，意为“取代，代替”，所以此处填 “the”。故填the。 9. 考查形容词。句意：在研究经典著作时，顾重视文献考证，并主张 “朴学”（即 “务实、踏实的研究和教学”）应取代宋明时期有影响力的 “理学”（即 “关于普遍原则的研究和教学”）。“was”是系动词，后接形容词作表语，“influence”的形容词形式是“influential”，意为“有影响力的”。故填 influential。 10. 考查时态和语态。句意：因此，他被视为清代文献学的奠基人。“he”和“view”之间是被动关系，即 “他被视为……”，根据语境，既可以用一般过去时表示过去的情况，也可以用一般现在时陈述客观事实，“be viewed as”意为“被视为”，“he”是第三人称单数，一般过去时用“was viewed”，一般现在时用“is viewed”。故填was viewed/is viewed 。 Passage 2 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 All kids desire more screen time. Code. org wants to make that time 1 (meaning) and fun by sharing online coding (编程) classes for kids of all ages 2 skill levels —all for free. From pre-K to high school, kids can learn how to build video games and smartphone apps. It 3 (be) all thanks to the easy-to-follow course instruction. The time 4 (spend) learning how to problem-solve may one day lead to careers (事业) focused on high-tech innovation (创新), according to Beth Nickel 5 leads the program. Nickel says that there are many 6 (advantage) for parents who sign up, too. “You can talk the same language if you know that they are working on an activity or an app, and you can share a common language. They also have 7 whole lot of really fun hands-on interactive activities, where families and students can create 8 (they) own game or app using the resources that Code. org offers.” The creators of Code. org have a mission of 9 (get) computer science into the hands of students, teachers, and educators to help build a general 10 (understand) . Nickel shares that programs like this will help to build the talent pool needed to fill Arizona’s high-tech jobs of the future. 【答案】 1. meaningful 2. and 3. is 4. spent 5. who/that 6. advantages 7. a 8. their 9. getting 10. understanding 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要说明了Code.org希望通过为所有年龄和技能水平的孩子们免费分享在线编程课程，让这段时间变得有意义和有趣。该项目负责人贝丝•尼克尔表示，花在学习如何解决问题上的时间，可能有一天会让他们从事专注于高科技创新的职业。 1. 考查形容词。句意：Code.org希望通过为所有年龄和技能水平的孩子们免费分享在线编程课程，让这段时间变得有意义和有趣。作宾补，应用形容词meaningful。故填meaningful。 2. 考查连词。句意：Code.org希望通过为所有年龄和技能水平的孩子们免费分享在线编程课程，让这段时间变得有意义和有趣。此处前后文为并列关系，应用连词and。故填and。 3. 考查主谓一致。句意：这一切都要归功于易于遵循的课程指导。陈述事实用一般现在时，主语为It，谓语用单数。故填is。 4. 考查非谓语动词。句意：该项目负责人贝丝•尼克尔表示，花在学习如何解决问题上的时间，可能有一天会让他们从事专注于高科技创新的职业。此处spend与time构成被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。故填spent。 5. 考查定语从句。句意：该项目负责人贝丝•尼克尔表示，花在学习如何解决问题上的时间，可能有一天会让他们从事专注于高科技创新的职业。定语从句修饰先行词Beth Nickel，在从句作主语，指人，故填who/that。 6. 考查名词的数。句意：尼克尔说，报名参加的家长也有很多好处。many后跟复数名词。故填advantages。 7. 考查冠词。句意：他们也有很多非常有趣的动手互动活动，家庭和学生可以使用Code.org提供的资源创建自己的游戏或应用程序。短语a whole lot of表示“许多”。故填a。 8. 考查代词。句意：他们也有很多非常有趣的动手互动活动，家庭和学生可以使用Code.org提供的资源创建自己的游戏或应用程序。修饰名词game应用形容词性物主代词their。故填their。 9. 考查非谓语动词。句意：Code.org的创建者有一个使命，就是让学生、教师和教育工作者掌握计算机科学，帮助他们建立对计算机科学的普遍理解。作介词的宾语，应用动名词形式。故填getting。 10. 考查名词。句意：Code.org的创建者有一个使命，就是让学生、教师和教育工作者掌握计算机科学，帮助他们建立对计算机科学的普遍理解。作宾语，结合不定冠词可知用单数名词understanding。故填understanding。 Passage 3 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 The 2025 Pritzker Architecture Prize (普利茨克建筑奖) has been awarded to Liu Jiakun, the designer of Suzhou Imperial Bricks Museum, 1 national 4A-level tourist attraction. It is China’s first museum committed 2 showcasing the culture and examples of Ming and Qing dynasty imperial kiln (窑) bricks. Liu and his team crafted an museum which offers 3 (tourist) an immersive historical experience of the firing process of imperial kiln bricks. These square-shaped bricks underwent a complex manufacturing process 4 strict quality control before 5 (use) to pave the floors of imperial halls, palaces, and tombs. The imperial brick kiln still 6 (remain) operational today, with its bricks being applied to heritage restoration projects like the Summer Palace. What particularly impressed the Pritzker jury was Liu’s design philosophy 7 architecture should arise from its site, 8 (shape) by its materials, climate, and cultural context. “His design could provide 9 (remark) insights into addressing the challenges of urban 10 (grow).” remarked Alejandro Aravena, chairman of the jury. 【答案】 1. a 2. to 3. tourists 4. and 5. being used 6. remains 7. that 8. shaped 9. remarkable 10. growth 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了苏州御窑金砖博物馆设计师刘家琨获得了2025年普利茨克建筑奖，并就明清皇家御窑的历史文化意义和苏州御窑金砖博物馆的设计理念进行了详细介绍。 1. 考查冠词。句意：2025年普利茨克建筑奖被授予给苏州御窑金砖博物馆设计师刘家琨，该博物馆是一处国家4A旅游景点。分析句子结构可知，“national 4A-level tourist attraction”为同位语，解释前文的“Suzhou Imperial Bricks Museum”，tourist attraction为可数名词短语，且被首次提及，应用不定冠词表示“一处，一个”，national发音为辅音音素开头，需用不定冠词a。故填a。 2. 考查介词。句意：这是中国第一家致力于展示明清御窑砖文化和样本的博物馆。commit to...为固定搭配，表示“致力于，承诺”，to是介词。故填to。 3. 考查名词。句意：刘和他的团队精心打造了一座博物馆，让游客们身临其境地体验御窑砖的烧制过程。空白处应填名词作宾语，与前文offer构成动宾关系，tourist为可数名词，前无限定词，应用复数形式，表泛指。故填tourists。 4. 考查连词。句意：在被用于去铺砌皇家大厅、宫殿和陵墓的地板之前，这些方形砖经历了复杂的制造过程和严格的质量控制。“a complex manufacturing process”与“strict quality control”共同为underwent的宾语，因此两者应为并列关系，应用连词and。故填and。 5. 考查非谓语动词。句意：在被用于去铺砌皇家大厅、宫殿和陵墓的地板之前，这些方形砖经历了复杂的制造过程和严格的质量控制。before为介词，后面应用动名词，use的逻辑主语为These square-shaped bricks，两者为被动关系，应用动名词的被动语态。故填being used。 6. 考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：如今，皇家砖窑仍在使用，其生产的砖被用于像颐和园等遗产修复项目中。根据时间状语today可知，此处使用一般现在时，主语The imperial brick kiln为单数形式，谓语动词使用第三人称单数。故填remains。 7. 考查同位语从句。句意：令普利茨克评审团尤其印象深刻的是刘的设计理念，即建筑应源于它所在的场地，由它的材料、气候和文化背景所塑造。此处引导同位语从句，用来说明前文的Liu’s design philosophy，从句句意完整、成分齐全，应用只起连接作用、无实意的that引导。故填that。 8. 考查非谓语动词。句意：令普利茨克评审团尤其印象深刻的是刘的设计理念，即建筑应源于它所在的场地，由它的材料、气候和文化背景所塑造。should arise为从句中的谓语动词，空处需填非谓语动词作状语，shape和逻辑主语architecture之间为被动关系，应用过去分词。故填shaped。 9. 考查形容词。句意：他的设计可以为解决城市发展的挑战提供非凡的见解。空处修饰后面的名词insights，应用形容词remarkable“非凡的”，作定语。故填remarkable。 10. 考查名词。句意：他的设计可以为解决城市发展的挑战提供非凡的见解。此处作宾语，应用名词growth“发展”。故填growth。 4 / 22 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$