第11讲 情态动词-【春季高考必胜】2026年小高考英语总复习 满分冲刺（广东省专用）

春季高考·必胜 第11讲 情态动词 内容提要 核心语法回顾 专项能力突破 解题综合提升 一、核心情态动词（can/could, may/might, must）用法对比 这三组情态动词均涉及 “能力、请求、猜测” 等核心功能，但语气强度和适用场景存在差异，需重点区分其在 “猜测” 和 “请求” 中的不同用法。 词别 核心功能 具体用法示例 语气 / 注意事项 can 1. 能力（现在） 2. 请求 / 允许 3. 否定猜测（“不可能”） 1. He can speak English. 2. Can I borrow your pen? 3. He can't be late. 语气直接；猜测仅用于否定句。 could 1. 能力（过去） 2. 委婉请求 3. 过去的可能性 1. She could swim at 5. 2. Could you help me? 3. It could rain yesterday. 比 can 更委婉；请求的肯定回答用 “can”（如：Yes, I can.）。 may 1. 请求 / 允许（第一人称） 2. 肯定猜测（“可能”） 3. 祝愿 1. May I go out? 2. He may be at home. 3. May you succeed! 猜测仅用于肯定句；请求的否定回答用 “can't/mustn't”（如：No, you can't.）。 might 1. 更委婉的请求 2. 可能性更低的猜测 1. Might I use your phone? 2. It might snow tomorrow. 比 may 语气更弱，可能性更低。 must 1. 必须（主观义务） 2. 肯定猜测（“一定”） 3. 禁止（mustn't） 1. You must finish homework. 2. He must be happy. 3. You mustn't smoke. 猜测语气最强，仅用于肯定句；否定用 “needn't”（不必）而非 “mustn't”（禁止）。 注意事项： 1. 猜测的句式限制：can/could（否定）、may/might（肯定）、must（肯定），不可交叉使用（如错误：He mustn't be at home. 正确：He can't be at home.）。 2. must 的否定回答：“Must I...?” 的否定回答用 “No, you needn't./No, you don't have to.”，不可用 “No, you mustn't.”。 二、特殊情态动词（have to, should, used to）的用法 这类词虽部分具备情态动词特征，但在 “人称变化、时态” 等方面与纯情态动词不同，需注意其特殊用法。 类别 核心含义 结构特征 示例 have to 不得不（客观义务） 有人称 / 时态变化（has to, had to）；否定用 “don't/doesn't have to” She has to work late. I had to get up early. should 应该（建议、义务） 无人称变化；否定用 “shouldn't” You should study hard. He shouldn't be rude. used to 过去常常（过去习惯 / 状态） 后跟动词原形；否定用 “usedn't to” 或 “didn't use to” I used to play basketball. He didn't use to smoke. had better 最好（建议） 缩写为 “'d better”；否定用 “had better not”；无时态变化 You 'd better go now. She had better not wait. 易混淆短语对比 短语 含义 结构要求 示例 used to do 过去常常做某事 后跟动词原形 He used to live here. be used to doing 习惯做某事 后跟动词 - ing 形式 She is used to getting up early. be used to do 被用来做某事 被动结构，后跟动词原形 Knives are used to cut things. 注意事项： 1. have to 与 must 的区别：have to 强调 “客观要求”（如：It's raining, so I have to stay.），must 强调 “主观意愿”（如：I must study.）。 2. used to 的疑问形式：可直接将 used 提前（Used you to...?）或借助 did（Did you use to...?），两种形式均正确。 三、情态动词的句型转换 情态动词的句型转换需根据 “是否有人称 / 时态变化” 选择不同方式，核心掌握 “一般疑问句” 和 “否定句” 的构成。 情态动词 肯定句 否定句 一般疑问句 can He can swim. He can't swim. Can he swim? could She could dance. She couldn't dance. Could she dance? may You may go. You may not go. May I go? must We must leave. We mustn't leave. Must we leave? have to He has to work. He doesn't have to work. Does he have to work? should They should listen. They shouldn't listen. Should they listen? used to I used to sing. I didn't use to sing. Did you use to sing? 注意事项： 1. 借助助动词的情况：have to 和 used to 在句型转换时需借助 do/does/did（如：Does she have to...? Did you use to...?），而纯情态动词（can, may, must）直接提前。 2. 回答的一致性：“Could you...?”（请求）的肯定回答用 “can”（Yes, I can.），否定回答用 “can't”（Sorry, I can't.）；“Must I...?” 的否定回答用 “needn't”（No, you needn't.）。 一、单句语法填空：在空格处填入一个适当的词或用所给词的适当形式填空 1. You be too careful to cross the road. 2. you pass the College Entrance Examination! 3. I love the weekend, because I not get up early. (Necessity) 4．It is snowing outside so I stay at home. (Intention) 5．It’s a hospital. You smoke. 6．Take an umbrella. It rain later. 7．She     have attended that meeting, for she was doing paperwork in the office then. 8．The boy     speak three languages when he was 12 years old. 9．You     keep the book for a month.After that you must return it on time. 10．You be tired after four hours’ reading. 11．—Must I finish my homework this afternoon? —No, you . 12．When you believe somehow you . 13．My younger sister always sets the alarm clock at 6:00 am so that she get up early and catch the bus. 14．We are tired. we better break here and have a coffee? 15．Children ought be able to read by the age of 7. 二、完成句子 1. 我们必须遵守所在国家的法律。 We must of the country we are in. 2. 幽默能使人在工作、学习和生活中充满活力。 Humor can in his work, study, and life. 3. 我们要抛弃那种想要找到归属感就必须取悦他人的想法！ We must the idea that we should please others to find a sense of belonging! 4. 你不必现在就回答我的问题。 You answer my question now. 5. 每天喝八杯水会产生神奇效果。 Eight glasses of water per day can . 6. You put it off any longer, remember, tomorrow never comes.   你不得再拖延了，记住，切莫依赖明天。 7. I   to the manager.   我非得给经理写封信不可。 8. As far as I’m concerned, you should to study hard. 依我看来， 你应该更加努力学习。 9. If you have any doubts about your health, you’d better your doctor at once. 如果你对自己的健康有任何疑问，最好马上咨询你的医生。 10. Every competitor should _______ ________ ________ the following requirements. 每位参赛者应该注意以下要求。 11. 我可以从我的账户上提取80元钱吗? Can I $80 my account? 12. 我没法专心做实验。 I couldn’t   on my 13. Would you please seats me? 你愿意和我交换座位吗？ 14. He work hard. 他必须努力工作。 15. He be in the room. 他不可能在房间里。 三、完形填空 Passage 1 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该选项标号涂黑。 I was a single parent of four small children, working at a low-paid job. But I didn’t want my children to know we were poor, so when Christmas was drawing near, I decided to give them some money to buy some 1 . They planned weeks ahead of time, asking 2 what they wanted for Christmas. Luckily, I had saved＄120 for 3 to share by all five of us. The big 4 arrived. I gave each kid a twenty-dollar bill and 5 them to look for gifts of about four dollars each. Then everyone scattered (散开). We had two hours to shop, then we would 6 back at the “Santa’s Workshop”. Driving home, everyone was in high Christmas spirits, 7 my younger daughter, Ginger, who was unusually 8 . She had only one small, flat bag with a few candies, fifty-cent candies! I was so angry, but I didn’t say anything 9 we got home. I called her into my bedroom and closed the door, 10 to be angry again. This is what she told me. “I was looking 11 thinking of what to buy, and I 12 to read the little cards on the ‘Giving Trees’. One was for a little girl, four years old, and all she 13 for Christmas was a doll (玩具娃娃). So I took the card off the tree and 14 the doll for her. We have so much and she doesn’t have anything.” I never felt so 15 as I did that day. 1. A．gifts B．flowers C．candies D．books 2. A．the other B．each other C．one by one D．every other one 3. A．toys B．clothes C．presents D．bills 4. A．day B．chance C．cheque D．tree 5. A．forced B．reminded C．invited D．begged 6. A．draw B．stay C．move D．meet 7. A．including B．besides C．except D．regarding 8. A．quiet B．excited C．happy D．ashamed 9. A．since B．after C．while D．until 10. A．waiting B．ready C．hoping D．afraid 11. A．out B．over C．forward D．around 12. A．forgot B．stopped C．failed D．hated 13. A．wanted B．did C．got D．played 14. A．made B．searched C．bought D．fetched 15. A．angry B．rich C．patient D．bitter Passage 2 “What do you want to do for your birthday? Buy some new skin cream?” my husband asked me. “No, I…I want…I don’t know,” I stuttered. “Something 1 .” How to celebrate? I couldn’t think of any event that would 2 my attitude towards my birthday. Christmas time had always been my favorite celebration. I loved to 3 my family and friends gifts. And that’s when I 4 it. If I loved offering gifts, then I could do that for my birthday! Why not? This is how I came up with my 5 Birthday Person. In the months before my birthday, I think of all the people who have 6 me. I search for a small gift. Then I plan what I want to 7 . After writing it, I create the 8 product and mail it with my gift. There have been many 9 of joy, or of healing involved in writing notes to my Birthday Person, which were 10 on the giving and the receiving end. I chose my mom the first year. She gave me life and 11 a great deal of fun and love along the way. The 12 were my sisters, brothers, daughters, youth directors, grandchildren, and friends — all people who have changed my life in 13 ways. My “Birthday Person” tradition has 14 to many of my friends. The power of turning a potential negative into a positive, of saying “thank you” before it’s too late, is more 15 than any skin cream could ever be. 1. A．outstanding B．special C．permanent D．strange 2. A．improve B．predict C．maintain D．examine 3. A．show B．spare C．pass D．give 4. A．fulfilled B．realized C．observed D．attained 5. A．monthly B．quarterly C．annual D．regular 6. A．pursued B．respected C．served D．blessed 7. A．speak B．say C．think D．sing 8. A．costly B．uneven C．finished D．similar 9. A．tears B．efforts C．sweats D．pains 10. A．stopped B．needed C．cleared D．shared 11. A．adjusted B．added C．hid D．returned 12. A．below B．latter C．successor D．following 13. A．amazing B．substantial C．practical D．vivid 14. A．spread B．turned C．referred D．belonged 15. A．available B．creative C．refreshing D．potential Passage 3 Holi (洒红节) is a cheerful festival that has been celebrated in India for centuries. It marks the 1 of winter and welcomes the beginning of spring, and it also 2 the victory of good over evil. The second day is also called The Festival of Color when people 3 colored powders (粉末) to one another, party and enjoy. I once had a(n) 4 experience in India. We started in the guesthouse with our hosts, their young son, and other 5 . We had a lot of 6 with putting colors on each other of their cheeks and foreheads. We walked all over town, 7 everyone we met and having color spread onto our faces by 8 everywhere we went, while we did the same in return. I had always thought that you threw colored powder at each other, but the 9 way to do it for Holi is to say “Happy Holi!”. There were other foreigners around, but it was 10 locals and everyone was so happy and excited. They 11 us with delight and hugged us, and we even saw a number of people crying in joy. This festival really 12 the best in people and made you feel what it is like to be a 13 again. The thing I love about this festival is that it is free. You can just wander 14 to enjoy the celebrations. There are organized Holi events you can go to in different cities, but I love this local 15 . 1. A．beauty B．cold C．end D．effect 2. A．decides B．explains C．represents D．updates 3. A．apply B．give C．introduce D．donate 4. A．amazing B．horrible C．strange D．unforgettable 5. A．students B．colleagues C．guides D．guests 6. A．fun B．failure C．advice D．success 7. A．inviting B．greeting C．thanking D．encouraging 8. A．runners B．locals C．organizers D．tourists 9. A．proper B．effective C．positive D．flexible 10. A．actually B．mostly C．extremely D．really 11. A．called B．warned C．approached D．respected 12. A．brought out B．took up C．set off D．got through 13. A．kid B．figure C．winner D．villager 14. A．proudly B．confidently C．continuously D．aimlessly 15. A．environment B．occasion C．experience D．attraction 四、语法填空 Passage 1 Every year, hundreds of thousands of people come to Quebec 1___________ (take) part in the week-long winter festival. Everyone who 2___________ (come) must be prepared to keep moving, as it is too cold to stand and watch for long. Early in the morning, you can watch the snowboarding 3___________ (compete) on the hill overlooking the river. The more brave of heart may try the canoe races, but participants 4___________ wear life jackets for safety—there’s no exception. The river is full of big chunks of ice, and if you were to fall in, you would freeze to death in under two minutes. While 5___________ (admire) the ice sculptures everywhere in the city, much like those in Harbin in China, you can stop off with other 6___________ (tourist) in an igloo for hot tea or coffee. It is amazing how warm these ice houses can be! Later in the evening, you can join 7___________ crowd at the Ice Palace, where Bonhomme the snowman is king. You can dance outside to the music of a band, 8___________ members are all in heavy clothes-even some of their instruments 9___________ (dress) up for winter. Finally, you will 10___________ (probable) want to sit down in a café to warm up and plan for the next day. Passage 2 Ireland’s beautiful countryside has always had 1___________ influence on its people and traditions. The country has a long history of producing great writers and poets. Its beautiful countryside excites and inspires all, 2___________ (offer) something for each of the senses. The peaceful landscape of the “Emerald Isle” and its many green counties 3___________ (be) a true feast for the eyes, with its rolling green hills 4___________ (dot) with sheep and cattle. And down by the sea, the roar of the ocean waves and 5___________ (cry) of the seabirds make up the music of the coast. 6___________ a quiet morning in the mountains, feel the sun on your skin, and breathe in the sweet scent of fresh flowers. With all this beauty, it is not surprising that Ireland has developed strong traditions 7___________ include music, dancing, and dining. You 8___________ try the local bakeries too—their soda bread is famous for its soft texture. Better yet, enjoy a delicious 9___________ (tradition) Irish Beef Stew. If you introduce 10___________ (you) to a friendly face, you are more than likely to experience local culture and customs first-hand. Passage 3 It’s midnight on New Year’s Eve. Clocks are striking twelve as people welcome the coming year, say goodbye 1___________ the old, wish for good luck in the future and forget bad things in the past. Around the world, people do different things 2___________ (help) their wishes come true. Some of them might surprise you. Food is often 3___________ (importance) to New Year’s customs. The Spanish and the Mexicans eat twelve 4___________ (grape) in twelve seconds — one for luck in each of the coming months. Eating grapes so fast isn’t easy 5___________ it’s happy. Colors are important too. Brazilians, for example, choose their clothes very carefully — for peace they wear white, yellow might bring success, and red 6___________ (mean) love! The Chinese believe red brings good luck, so they like to be 7___________ (dress) in this color, too. They also paint the front door of 8___________ (they) houses red and give family members and friends red envelopes with money. Some people destroy things on New Year’s Eve because they want to forget 9___________ past. You 10___________ not throw big things, though — small items like old papers are fine! On New Year’s Eve in Germany, several TV stations show a short black-and-white movie that is called Dinner for One. It’s a comedy (喜剧) in English, starring English actors. 2 / 10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$春季高考·必胜 第11讲 情态动词 内容提要 核心语法回顾 专项能力突破 解题综合提升 一、核心情态动词（can/could, may/might, must）用法对比 这三组情态动词均涉及 “能力、请求、猜测” 等核心功能，但语气强度和适用场景存在差异，需重点区分其在 “猜测” 和 “请求” 中的不同用法。 词别 核心功能 具体用法示例 语气 / 注意事项 can 1. 能力（现在） 2. 请求 / 允许 3. 否定猜测（“不可能”） 1. He can speak English. 2. Can I borrow your pen? 3. He can't be late. 语气直接；猜测仅用于否定句。 could 1. 能力（过去） 2. 委婉请求 3. 过去的可能性 1. She could swim at 5. 2. Could you help me? 3. It could rain yesterday. 比 can 更委婉；请求的肯定回答用 “can”（如：Yes, I can.）。 may 1. 请求 / 允许（第一人称） 2. 肯定猜测（“可能”） 3. 祝愿 1. May I go out? 2. He may be at home. 3. May you succeed! 猜测仅用于肯定句；请求的否定回答用 “can't/mustn't”（如：No, you can't.）。 might 1. 更委婉的请求 2. 可能性更低的猜测 1. Might I use your phone? 2. It might snow tomorrow. 比 may 语气更弱，可能性更低。 must 1. 必须（主观义务） 2. 肯定猜测（“一定”） 3. 禁止（mustn't） 1. You must finish homework. 2. He must be happy. 3. You mustn't smoke. 猜测语气最强，仅用于肯定句；否定用 “needn't”（不必）而非 “mustn't”（禁止）。 注意事项： 1. 猜测的句式限制：can/could（否定）、may/might（肯定）、must（肯定），不可交叉使用（如错误：He mustn't be at home. 正确：He can't be at home.）。 2. must 的否定回答：“Must I...?” 的否定回答用 “No, you needn't./No, you don't have to.”，不可用 “No, you mustn't.”。 二、特殊情态动词（have to, should, used to）的用法 这类词虽部分具备情态动词特征，但在 “人称变化、时态” 等方面与纯情态动词不同，需注意其特殊用法。 类别 核心含义 结构特征 示例 have to 不得不（客观义务） 有人称 / 时态变化（has to, had to）；否定用 “don't/doesn't have to” She has to work late. I had to get up early. should 应该（建议、义务） 无人称变化；否定用 “shouldn't” You should study hard. He shouldn't be rude. used to 过去常常（过去习惯 / 状态） 后跟动词原形；否定用 “usedn't to” 或 “didn't use to” I used to play basketball. He didn't use to smoke. had better 最好（建议） 缩写为 “'d better”；否定用 “had better not”；无时态变化 You 'd better go now. She had better not wait. 易混淆短语对比 短语 含义 结构要求 示例 used to do 过去常常做某事 后跟动词原形 He used to live here. be used to doing 习惯做某事 后跟动词 - ing 形式 She is used to getting up early. be used to do 被用来做某事 被动结构，后跟动词原形 Knives are used to cut things. 注意事项： 1. have to 与 must 的区别：have to 强调 “客观要求”（如：It's raining, so I have to stay.），must 强调 “主观意愿”（如：I must study.）。 2. used to 的疑问形式：可直接将 used 提前（Used you to...?）或借助 did（Did you use to...?），两种形式均正确。 三、情态动词的句型转换 情态动词的句型转换需根据 “是否有人称 / 时态变化” 选择不同方式，核心掌握 “一般疑问句” 和 “否定句” 的构成。 情态动词 肯定句 否定句 一般疑问句 can He can swim. He can't swim. Can he swim? could She could dance. She couldn't dance. Could she dance? may You may go. You may not go. May I go? must We must leave. We mustn't leave. Must we leave? have to He has to work. He doesn't have to work. Does he have to work? should They should listen. They shouldn't listen. Should they listen? used to I used to sing. I didn't use to sing. Did you use to sing? 注意事项： 1. 借助助动词的情况：have to 和 used to 在句型转换时需借助 do/does/did（如：Does she have to...? Did you use to...?），而纯情态动词（can, may, must）直接提前。 2. 回答的一致性：“Could you...?”（请求）的肯定回答用 “can”（Yes, I can.），否定回答用 “can't”（Sorry, I can't.）；“Must I...?” 的否定回答用 “needn't”（No, you needn't.）。 一、单句语法填空：在空格处填入一个适当的词或用所给词的适当形式填空 1. You be too careful to cross the road. 【答案】can’t 【详解】考查情态动词。句意：过马路再小心也不为过。由“careful to cross the road”可知，句子表示“过马路再小心也不为过”，“can’t+be+too+形容词+to do”是固定用法，意为“无论怎么……也不算过分”，因此空格处是can’t，故填can’t。 2. you pass the College Entrance Examination! 【答案】May 【详解】考查情态动词。句意：祝你通过高考！根据后文you pass the College Entrance Examination可知表示祝愿应用情态动词may，位于句首首字母大写。故填May。 3. I love the weekend, because I not get up early. (Necessity) 【答案】need 【详解】考查情态动词。句意：我喜欢周末，我不需要早起。根据not get up可知，此处要用情态动词，表示否定意义，needn’t“不必”。故填need。 4．It is snowing outside so I stay at home. (Intention) 【答案】will 【详解】考查情态动词。句意：外面正在下雪，所以我要呆在家里。由It is snowing outside可知，句子表示“外面正在下雪，所以我要呆在家里”，空格后是动词原形，空格处用情态动词，此处表示一种打算，用will，故填will。 5．It’s a hospital. You smoke. 【答案】mustn’t 【详解】考查情态动词。句意：这是医院，禁止吸烟。根据句意可知，表示禁止，用情态动词mustn’t。故填mustn’t。 6．Take an umbrella. It rain later. 【答案】may/might 【详解】考查情态动词。句意：带把伞。过一会儿可能会下雨。空后是动词原形，空格处用情态动词，由Take an umbrella可知，此处表示“过一会儿可能会下雨”，空格处意为“可能”，情态动词是may/might。故填may/might。 7．She     have attended that meeting, for she was doing paperwork in the office then. 【答案】couldn’t 【详解】考查情态动词+have done。句意：她不可能参加那个会议，因为她当时正在办公室做文书工作。由for she was doing paperwork in the office then可知，句子表示“她不可能参加那个会议，因为她当时正在办公室做文书工作”，表示在过去不可能做过某事用couldn’t have done，因此空格处是couldn’t。故填couldn’t。 8．The boy     speak three languages when he was 12 years old. 【答案】could 【详解】考查情态动词。句意：这个男孩12岁时就会说三种语言了。空后动词speak是原形，空格处用情态动词，由speak three languages when he was 12 years old可知，他12岁时就会说三种语言了，空格处用could表示过去的能力，故填could。 9．You     keep the book for a month.After that you must return it on time. 【答案】can 【详解】考查情态动词。句意：这本书你可以借一个月。之后你必须按时归还。结合语境可知，此处表示“能”，应用情态动词can。故填can。 10．You be tired after four hours’ reading. 【答案】must 【详解】考查情态动词。句意：读了四个小时的书，你一定累了。此处表示肯定推测，意为“肯定”应用must，故填must。 11．—Must I finish my homework this afternoon? —No, you . 【答案】needn’t 【详解】考查情态动词。句意：——我今天下午必须完成我的作业吗？——不，你不必。本句中“must”表示义务或强制，含意是“必须，应当”，用must提问时，否定回答是“ needn’t”，表示“不必”。故填needn’t。 12．When you believe somehow you . 【答案】will 【详解】考查固定句型。句意：只要你相信，你也许就会。When you believe somehow you will是固定句型，意为“只要你相信，你也许就会”，是一种省略句式。故填will。 13．My younger sister always sets the alarm clock at 6:00 am so that she get up early and catch the bus. 【答案】can 【详解】考查情态动词。句意：我妹妹总是把闹钟定在早上6点，这样她就可以早起赶公交车了。so that引导目的状语从句，常与情态动词can、could等连用；主句为一般现在时，此处应用情态动词can，表示“能够”。故填can。 14．We are tired. we better break here and have a coffee? 【答案】Had 【详解】考查情态动词。句意：我们累了。我们是不是最好在这里休息一下，喝杯咖啡？had better do意为“最好……”，此处为其一般疑问句形式，had提到句首，首字母大写。故填Had。 15．Children ought be able to read by the age of 7. 【答案】to 【详解】考查固定搭配。句意：孩子在7岁时应该能够阅读。ought to“应该”是情态动词，相当于should。故填to。 二、完成句子 1. 我们必须遵守所在国家的法律。 We must of the country we are in. 【答案】 respect the laws 【详解】考查动词和名词。must后接动词原形，遵守法律为respect the laws。故填respect the laws。 2. 幽默能使人在工作、学习和生活中充满活力。 Humor can in his work, study, and life. 【答案】make one energetic 【详解】考查形容词和动词。表示“使……”的英语是动词make，此处和情态动词can构成谓语部分，应使用动词原形；“充满活力的”是形容词energetic，用作宾语补足语，故填make one energetic。 3. 我们要抛弃那种想要找到归属感就必须取悦他人的想法！ We must the idea that we should please others to find a sense of belonging! 【答案】 get rid of 【详解】考查固定搭配。“抛弃”为动词短语get rid of，由情态动词must可知，动词get应用原形，故填get rid of。 4. 你不必现在就回答我的问题。 You answer my question now. 【答案】needn’t 【详解】考查情态动词。根据句意可知，此处为情态动词needn’t“不需要，不必”，满足句意要求。故填needn’t。 5. 每天喝八杯水会产生神奇效果。 Eight glasses of water per day can . 【答案】 do wonders 【详解】考查固定短语。对比中英文句子可知，空格处意为“产生神奇效果”，是固定短语do wonders，can是情态动词，其后跟动词原形，故填do，wonders。 6. You put it off any longer, remember, tomorrow never comes.   你不得再拖延了，记住，切莫依赖明天。 【答案】mustn’t 【详解】考查情态动词。根据句意可知，此处为情态动词mustn’t“不得，不允许”，满足句意要求。故填mustn’t。 7. I   to the manager.   我非得给经理写封信不可。 【答案】must write a letter 【详解】考查情态动词、动词和名词。“非得”可用情态动词must表示，后跟动词原形；“写信”可表示为write a letter。故填must write a letter。 8. As far as I’m concerned, you should to study hard. 依我看来， 你应该更加努力学习。 【答案】make a greater effort/make greater efforts 【详解】考查固定短语。对比中英文句子可知，空格处意为“更加努力”，是固定短语make a greater effort/make greater efforts，should是情态动词，其后跟动词原形，故填make a greater effort/make greater efforts。 9. If you have any doubts about your health, you’d better your doctor at once. 如果你对自己的健康有任何疑问，最好马上咨询你的医生。 【答案】consult 【详解】考查动词。对比中英文句子可知，空格处意为“咨询”，you’d better do sth.是固定句型，意为“你最好做某事”，因此空格处用动词原形，“咨询”的动词是consult。故填consult。 10. Every competitor should _______ ________ ________ the following requirements. 每位参赛者应该注意以下要求。 【答案】pay attention to 【详解】考查固定短语。对比中英文句子可知，空格处意为“注意”，是固定短语pay attention to，should是情态动词，其后跟动词原形，故填pay attention to。 11. 我可以从我的账户上提取80元钱吗? Can I $80 my account? 【答案】 draw out of 【详解】考查固定短语。对比中英文句子可知，空格处意为“从……中提取”，是固定短语draw...out of，can是情态动词，因此draw用动词原形，故填draw，out，of。 12. 我没法专心做实验。 I couldn’t   on my 【答案】 concentrate experiment 【详解】考查动词和名词。表示“专心”应用动词concentrate，空格前面是情态动词couldn’t，后面用动词原形。表示“实验”应用名词experiment，作宾语。故填①concentrate②experiment。 13. Would you please seats me? 你愿意和我交换座位吗？ 【答案】 exchange with 【详解】考查动词短语搭配。句意：你愿意和我交换座位吗？ exchange sth with sb，表示“与某人交换某物”。would后接动词原形。故填exchange ；with。 14. He work hard. 他必须努力工作。 【答案】must 【详解】考查情态动词。表示“必须”使用情态动词must，故填must。 15. He be in the room. 他不可能在房间里。 【答案】can’t 【详解】考查情态动词。表示“不可能”，用can’t，表示对某事进行否定推测。故填can’t。 三、完形填空 Passage 1 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该选项标号涂黑。 I was a single parent of four small children, working at a low-paid job. But I didn’t want my children to know we were poor, so when Christmas was drawing near, I decided to give them some money to buy some 1 . They planned weeks ahead of time, asking 2 what they wanted for Christmas. Luckily, I had saved＄120 for 3 to share by all five of us. The big 4 arrived. I gave each kid a twenty-dollar bill and 5 them to look for gifts of about four dollars each. Then everyone scattered (散开). We had two hours to shop, then we would 6 back at the “Santa’s Workshop”. Driving home, everyone was in high Christmas spirits, 7 my younger daughter, Ginger, who was unusually 8 . She had only one small, flat bag with a few candies, fifty-cent candies! I was so angry, but I didn’t say anything 9 we got home. I called her into my bedroom and closed the door, 10 to be angry again. This is what she told me. “I was looking 11 thinking of what to buy, and I 12 to read the little cards on the ‘Giving Trees’. One was for a little girl, four years old, and all she 13 for Christmas was a doll (玩具娃娃). So I took the card off the tree and 14 the doll for her. We have so much and she doesn’t have anything.” I never felt so 15 as I did that day. 1. A．gifts B．flowers C．candies D．books 2. A．the other B．each other C．one by one D．every other one 3. A．toys B．clothes C．presents D．bills 4. A．day B．chance C．cheque D．tree 5. A．forced B．reminded C．invited D．begged 6. A．draw B．stay C．move D．meet 7. A．including B．besides C．except D．regarding 8. A．quiet B．excited C．happy D．ashamed 9. A．since B．after C．while D．until 10. A．waiting B．ready C．hoping D．afraid 11. A．out B．over C．forward D．around 12. A．forgot B．stopped C．failed D．hated 13. A．wanted B．did C．got D．played 14. A．made B．searched C．bought D．fetched 15. A．angry B．rich C．patient D．bitter 【答案】 1. A 2. B 3. C 4. A 5. B 6. D 7. C 8. A 9. D 10. B 11. D 12. B 13. A 14. C 15. B 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。圣诞节那天，作者得知她的小女儿用自己买礼物的钱给一个陌生的小女孩买了娃娃这件事后，母亲的内心感受——精神上从未有过的富有。 1. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但我不想让孩子们知道我们很穷，所以当圣诞节临近时，我决定给他们一些钱买些礼物。A. gifts礼物；B. flowers花；C. candies糖果；D. books书。由下文的“what they wanted for Christmas”和“them to look for gifts”可知，作者圣诞节给孩子钱买礼物。故选A。 2. 考查短语词义辨析。句意：他们提前几个星期计划，互相问对方圣诞节想要什么。A. the other另外一个；B. each other彼此、互相；C. one by one一个一个；D. every other one每隔一个。由上文的“They planned weeks ahead of time”可知，圣诞节前孩子们提前计划要送给家人的礼物，应该会互相问对方圣诞节想要什么。故选B。 3. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，我攒了120美元的礼物钱，供我们五个人分享。上文就已经指出，母亲带孩子是出去买礼物的。A. toys玩具；B. clothes衣服；C. presents礼物；D. bills账单。由上文的“we were poor”和“I decided to give them some money to buy some　　1　　”可知，作者经济条件不好，圣诞节想给孩子钱买礼物，所以要攒买礼物的钱。故选C。 4. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：重要的日子来临了。A. day日子；B. chance机会；C. cheque支票；D. tree树。由本处语境可知，此处指圣诞节这个重要的日子来临了，the big day (重要的日子)。故选A。 5. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我给了每个孩子一张二十美元的钞票，并提醒他们要寻找四美元左右的礼物。A. forced强迫；B. reminded提醒；C. invited邀请；D. begged祈求。由本处的“I gave each kid a twenty-dollar bill and　　5　　them to look for gifts of about four dollars each.”可知，作者给每个孩子一张二十美元的钞票，要给所有家人准备礼物，为避免预算超支，作者提醒孩子们要寻找四美元左右的礼物。故选B。 6. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们有两个小时的时间购物，然后我们会在“圣诞老人工作室”碰面。A. draw画；B. stay呆；C. move移动；D. meet碰面。由上文的“Then everyone scattered (散开).”可知，大家购物是分开的，作者和孩子们约定购物完成后，在“圣诞老人工作室”碰面。故选D。 7. 考查介词词义辨析。句意：开车回家时，除了我的小女儿金吉尔（Ginger），每个人都沉浸在圣诞的喜悦中，她异常安静。每个人的情绪都很高涨，除了我的小女儿。A. including包括；B. besides另外；C. except除了；D. regarding关于。由上文的“everyone was in high Christmas spirits”和下文的“She had only one small, flat bag with a few candies, fifty-cent candies!”可知，小女儿金吉尔（Ginger）因为帮助别人，并未买到心仪的礼物，所以除了她，其他兄弟姐妹都情绪高涨。故选C。 8. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：开车回家时，除了我的小女儿金吉尔（Ginger），每个人都沉浸在圣诞的喜悦中，她异常安静。A. quiet安静的；B. excited兴奋的；C. happy开心的；D. ashamed羞愧的。由上文的“everyone was in high Christmas spirits”和下文的“She had only one small, flat bag with a few candies, fifty-cent candies!”可知，小女儿金吉尔（Ginger）因为帮助别人，并未买到心仪的礼物，与其他兄弟姐妹情绪高涨相比，她表现得很安静。故选A。 9. 考查连词词义辨析。句意：我很生气，但直到我们回家我才说什么。A. since自从；B. after在……之后；C. while当……时候；D. until直到。由本处语境可知，直到回家，作者才说话，not...until...固定词组，“直到……才……”。故选D。 10. 考查动词和形容词词义辨析。句意：我把她叫进我的卧室，关上门，准备再次生气。A. waiting等；B. ready准备的；C. hoping希望；D. afraid害怕的。由上文的“I was so angry”和下文的“to be angry again”可知，作者之前生气了，回家后把小女儿叫到卧室，是准备再次生气。故选B。 11. 考查介词词义辨析。句意：我环顾四周，想着要买什么，我停下来看了看“送礼树”上的小卡片。所有选项和look搭配。A. look out小心；B. look over浏览；C. look forward盼望；D. look around四处看看。由本处语境和常识可知，购物时应该是环顾四周，看看要买什么。故选D。 12. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我环顾四周，想着要买什么，我停下来看了看“送礼树”上的小卡片。A. forgot忘记；B. stopped停止；C. failed失败；D. hated讨厌。由下文的“read the little cards on the ‘Giving Trees’”可知，此处指小女儿停下来看了看“送礼树”上的小卡片。故选B。 13. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：一张是给一个四岁的小女孩的，她圣诞节只想要一个娃娃。A. wanted想；B. did做；C. got得到；D. played玩。由本处的“all she　　13　　for Christmas was a doll (玩具娃娃)”和常识可知，圣诞节，孩子都想要礼物，四岁小女孩圣诞节只想要一个娃娃。故选A。 14. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以我把卡片从树上拿下来，给她买了一个娃娃。A. made做；B. searched搜寻；C. bought买；D. fetched取。由上文的“She had only one small, flat bag with a few candies, fifty-cent candies!”可知，小女儿圣诞节只买了50美分的糖果，可得出她拿钱给四岁小女孩买了一个娃娃。故选C。 15. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我从来没有像那天这么富有过。A. angry生气的；B. rich富有的；C. patient耐心的；D. bitter酸苦的。由上文语境可知，了解到小女儿因为帮助另一个四岁小女孩买了一个娃娃，自己圣诞节只买了50美分的糖果，孩子很善良、乐于助人，作者虽然经济拮据，但觉得自己精神上很富有。故选B。 Passage 2 “What do you want to do for your birthday? Buy some new skin cream?” my husband asked me. “No, I…I want…I don’t know,” I stuttered. “Something 1 .” How to celebrate? I couldn’t think of any event that would 2 my attitude towards my birthday. Christmas time had always been my favorite celebration. I loved to 3 my family and friends gifts. And that’s when I 4 it. If I loved offering gifts, then I could do that for my birthday! Why not? This is how I came up with my 5 Birthday Person. In the months before my birthday, I think of all the people who have 6 me. I search for a small gift. Then I plan what I want to 7 . After writing it, I create the 8 product and mail it with my gift. There have been many 9 of joy, or of healing involved in writing notes to my Birthday Person, which were 10 on the giving and the receiving end. I chose my mom the first year. She gave me life and 11 a great deal of fun and love along the way. The 12 were my sisters, brothers, daughters, youth directors, grandchildren, and friends — all people who have changed my life in 13 ways. My “Birthday Person” tradition has 14 to many of my friends. The power of turning a potential negative into a positive, of saying “thank you” before it’s too late, is more 15 than any skin cream could ever be. 1. A．outstanding B．special C．permanent D．strange 2. A．improve B．predict C．maintain D．examine 3. A．show B．spare C．pass D．give 4. A．fulfilled B．realized C．observed D．attained 5. A．monthly B．quarterly C．annual D．regular 6. A．pursued B．respected C．served D．blessed 7. A．speak B．say C．think D．sing 8. A．costly B．uneven C．finished D．similar 9. A．tears B．efforts C．sweats D．pains 10. A．stopped B．needed C．cleared D．shared 11. A．adjusted B．added C．hid D．returned 12. A．below B．latter C．successor D．following 13. A．amazing B．substantial C．practical D．vivid 14. A．spread B．turned C．referred D．belonged 15. A．available B．creative C．refreshing D．potential 【答案】 1. B 2. A 3. D 4. B 5. C 6. D 7. B 8. C 9. A 10. D 11. B 12. D 13. A 14. A 15. C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者过生日的一种特别方式——选择一个“生日人”，并为其准备礼物和写便签纸表达感激，这种方式给作者和很多人都带来了积极的影响。 1. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：来点特别的（庆祝方式）。A. outstanding杰出的；B. special特别的；C. permanent永久的；D. strange奇怪的。根据上文“I don’t know”及下文作者想过一种特别的庆祝生日的方式可知，此处应用special，表示“特别的”。故选B。 2. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我想不出有什么活动能改善我对生日的态度。A. improve改善；B. predict预测；C. maintain保持；D. examine检查。根据下文“If I loved offering gifts, then I could do that for my birthday! Why not?”可知，作者想出了一个能改善自己对生日态度的庆祝方式，即选择一个“生日人”并为其准备礼物。故选A。 3. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我喜欢给我的家人和朋友送礼物。A. show展示；B. spare抽出；C. pass传递；D. give给。根据下文“If I loved offering gifts”可知，作者喜欢给家人和朋友送礼物。故选D。 4. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：就在那时我意识到了这个事情。A. fulfilled实现；B. realized意识到；C. observed观察；D. attained获得。根据下文“If I loved offering gifts, then I could do that for my birthday! Why not?”可知，作者意识到自己喜爱送礼物，因此决定在生日时也为别人送礼物。故选B。 5. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我就是这样想出了我一年一度的“生日人”。A. monthly每月的；B. quarterly每季度的；C. annual每年的；D. regular有规律的。根据上文“for my birthday”可知，生日是每年一次的，因此“生日人”也是一年一度的。故选C。 6. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在我生日前的几个月里，我想到了所有祝福过我的人。A. pursued追求；B. respected尊重；C. served服务；D. blessed祝福。根据下文“all people who have changed my life”可知，作者想到的是所有祝福过自己、对自己有积极影响的人。故选D。 7. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后我计划我想说什么。A. speak说（强调说的动作）；B. say说（强调说的内容）；C. think想；D. sing唱。根据下文“writing notes to my Birthday Person”可知，作者计划把要说的内容写出来给“生日人”。故选B。 8. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：写完后，我制作出成品并和礼物一起寄出去。A. costly昂贵的；B. uneven不均匀的；C. finished完成的；D. similar相似的。根据“mail it with my gift”可知，作者写完后，制作出了成品。故选C。 9. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在给“生日人”写便签纸的过程中，有很多喜悦或治愈的泪水，这些都在给予和接受的过程中被分享。A. tears泪水；B. efforts努力；C. sweats汗水；D. pains疼痛。根据“of joy, or of healing”可知，此处是指喜悦或治愈的泪水。故选A。 10. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在给“生日人”写便签纸的过程中，有很多喜悦或治愈的泪水，这些都在给予和接受的过程中被分享。A. stopped停止；B. needed需要；C. cleared清除；D. shared分享。根据“on the giving and the receiving end”可知，喜悦或治愈是被分享的。故选D。 11. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她给了我生命，并在这一路上增添了许多乐趣和爱。A. adjusted调整；B. added增添；C. hid隐藏；D. returned返回。根据“a great deal of fun and love along the way”可知，作者的母亲在作者的生命旅程中增添了许多乐趣和爱。故选B。 12. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：接下来是我的姐妹、兄弟、女儿、青年主管、孙子和朋友们——所有以惊人的方式改变了我生活的人。A. below下面；B. latter后者；C. successor继任者；D. following接下来，追随者。根据上文“I chose my mom the first year.”可知，作者第一年选择了母亲作为“生日人”，接下来又选择了其他人。故选D。 13. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：接下来是我的姐妹、兄弟、女儿、青年主管、孙子和朋友们——所有以惊人的方式改变了我生活的人。A. amazing令人惊异的；B. substantial大量的；C. practical实用的；D. vivid生动的。根据上文“all people who have changed my life”可知，这些人以惊人的方式改变了作者的生活。故选A。 14. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的“生日人”传统已经传播到了我的许多朋友中。A. spread传播；B. turned转动；C. referred参考；D. belonged属于。根据“to many of my friends”可知，作者的“生日人”传统已经传播到了许多朋友中。故选A。 15. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：把潜在的消极转化为积极，在为时已晚之前说“谢谢”的力量，比任何护肤霜都更让人提神。A. available可获得的；B. creative创造性的；C. refreshing提神的；D. potential潜在的。根据“The power of turning a potential negative into a positive, of saying ‘thank you’ before it’s too late”可知，把潜在的消极转化为积极，在为时已晚之前说“谢谢”的力量，比任何护肤霜都更让人提神。故选C。 Passage 3 Holi (洒红节) is a cheerful festival that has been celebrated in India for centuries. It marks the 1 of winter and welcomes the beginning of spring, and it also 2 the victory of good over evil. The second day is also called The Festival of Color when people 3 colored powders (粉末) to one another, party and enjoy. I once had a(n) 4 experience in India. We started in the guesthouse with our hosts, their young son, and other 5 . We had a lot of 6 with putting colors on each other of their cheeks and foreheads. We walked all over town, 7 everyone we met and having color spread onto our faces by 8 everywhere we went, while we did the same in return. I had always thought that you threw colored powder at each other, but the 9 way to do it for Holi is to say “Happy Holi!”. There were other foreigners around, but it was 10 locals and everyone was so happy and excited. They 11 us with delight and hugged us, and we even saw a number of people crying in joy. This festival really 12 the best in people and made you feel what it is like to be a 13 again. The thing I love about this festival is that it is free. You can just wander 14 to enjoy the celebrations. There are organized Holi events you can go to in different cities, but I love this local 15 . 1. A．beauty B．cold C．end D．effect 2. A．decides B．explains C．represents D．updates 3. A．apply B．give C．introduce D．donate 4. A．amazing B．horrible C．strange D．unforgettable 5. A．students B．colleagues C．guides D．guests 6. A．fun B．failure C．advice D．success 7. A．inviting B．greeting C．thanking D．encouraging 8. A．runners B．locals C．organizers D．tourists 9. A．proper B．effective C．positive D．flexible 10. A．actually B．mostly C．extremely D．really 11. A．called B．warned C．approached D．respected 12. A．brought out B．took up C．set off D．got through 13. A．kid B．figure C．winner D．villager 14. A．proudly B．confidently C．continuously D．aimlessly 15. A．environment B．occasion C．experience D．attraction 【答案】 1. C 2. C 3. A 4. D 5. D 6. A 7. B 8. B 9. A 10. B 11. C 12. A 13. A 14. D 15. C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者在印度体验洒红节的难忘经历，介绍了洒红节的意义以及节日中人们的庆祝活动和欢乐氛围。 1. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：它标志着冬天的结束，迎来春天的开始。A. beauty美丽；B. cold寒冷；C. end结束；D. effect影响。根据下文“welcomes the beginning of spring” 可知，洒红节标志着冬天的结束，迎来春天。故选C。 2. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：它也代表着正义战胜邪恶。A. decides 决定；B. explains解释；C. represents代表；D. updates更新。根据上文“It marks”以及下文 “the victory of good over evil” 可知，洒红节代表着一种美好的寓意，即正义战胜邪恶。故选C。 3. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：第二天也被称为色彩节，人们互相涂抹彩色粉末，聚会并享受节日。A. apply涂抹；B. give给；C. introduce介绍；D. donate捐赠。根据下文“colored powders to one another” 可知，人们在节日中互相把彩色粉末涂抹到对方身上。故选A。 4. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我曾经在印度有过一次难忘的经历。A. amazing令人惊奇的；B. horrible可怕的；C. strange奇怪的；D. unforgettable难忘的。从后文作者对自己在洒红节经历的描述可知，这次经历让作者印象深刻，是难忘的。故选D。 5. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们和主人、他们年幼的儿子以及其他客人一起在宾馆开始庆祝。A. students学生；B. colleagues同事；C. guides导游；D. guests客人。根据“in the guesthouse with our hosts” 可知，在宾馆里，除了主人和他们的儿子，就是其他客人了。故选D。 6. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们互相把颜色涂在脸颊和额头上，玩得很开心。A. fun乐趣；B. failure失败；C. advice建议；D. success成功。根据下文“putting colors on each other of their cheeks and foreheads.”可知，玩得很开心，“have a lot of fun” 是固定搭配，意为 “玩得很开心”，符合节日氛围。故选A。 7. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们走遍了整个城镇，向遇到的每个人打招呼。A. inviting邀请；B. greeting打招呼；C. thanking感谢；D. encouraging鼓励。根据上文“We walked all over town”可知，在节日中，人们见到彼此会打招呼。故选B。 8. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们走到哪里，都有当地人把彩色粉末涂到我们脸上，我们也这样回报他们。A. runners跑步者；B. locals当地人；C. organizers组织者；D. tourists游客。根据下文“locals”可知，在当地庆祝洒红节，给作者涂彩色粉末的主要是当地人。故选B。 9. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我一直以为是互相扔彩色粉末，但洒红节合适的做法是说 “洒红节快乐！”。A. proper合适的；B. effective有效的；C. positive积极的；D. flexible灵活的。根据下文“Holi is to say “Happy Holi!”.”可知，这里是说作者了解到了洒红节正确、合适的做法。故选A。 10. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：周围有其他外国人，但大多数是当地人。A. actually实际上；B. mostly大多数；C. extremely极其；D. really真正地。根据上文“Holi (洒红节) is a cheerful festival that has been celebrated in India for centuries.”可知，强调在庆祝活动中，人数上以当地人为主。故选B。 11. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们高兴地走近我们并拥抱我们。A. called呼叫；B. warned警告；C. approached走近；D. respected尊重。根据下文“ hugged us” 可知，他们先走近作者等人然后拥抱。故选C。 12. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：这个节日真正地激发出了人们最美好的一面，让你感觉自己又像个孩子。A. brought out激发出；B. took up占据；C. set off出发；D. got through通过。根据上文“we even saw a number of people crying in joy.”可知，个节日真地激发出了人们最美好的一面。“bring out the best in sb.”是固定搭配，意为“激发出某人最好的一面”。故选A。 13. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个节日真地激发出了人们最美好的一面，让你感觉自己又像个孩子。A. kid孩子；B. figure人物；C. winner获胜者；D. villager村民。根据上文“we even saw a number of people crying in joy.”可知，在节日中人们开心玩耍，那种快乐和纯真让人感觉像孩子一样。故选A。 14. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：你可以漫无目的地闲逛来享受庆祝活动。A. proudly自豪地；B. confidently自信地；C. continuously连续地；D. aimlessly漫无目的地。根据上文“it is free”可知，可以漫无目的地闲逛来享受庆祝活动，“wander aimlessly”表示“漫无目的地闲逛”，符合人们在节日中随意享受的状态。故选D。 15. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：不同城市也组织的洒红节活动，但我喜欢这种当地的经历。A. environment环境；B. occasion场合；C. experience经历；D. attraction吸引。根据前文作者描述自己在当地的庆祝经历可知，这里说的是喜欢这种当地的体验经历。故选C。 四、语法填空 Passage 1 Every year, hundreds of thousands of people come to Quebec 1___________ (take) part in the week-long winter festival. Everyone who 2___________ (come) must be prepared to keep moving, as it is too cold to stand and watch for long. Early in the morning, you can watch the snowboarding 3___________ (compete) on the hill overlooking the river. The more brave of heart may try the canoe races, but participants 4___________ wear life jackets for safety—there’s no exception. The river is full of big chunks of ice, and if you were to fall in, you would freeze to death in under two minutes. While 5___________ (admire) the ice sculptures everywhere in the city, much like those in Harbin in China, you can stop off with other 6___________ (tourist) in an igloo for hot tea or coffee. It is amazing how warm these ice houses can be! Later in the evening, you can join 7___________ crowd at the Ice Palace, where Bonhomme the snowman is king. You can dance outside to the music of a band, 8___________ members are all in heavy clothes-even some of their instruments 9___________ (dress) up for winter. Finally, you will 10___________ (probable) want to sit down in a café to warm up and plan for the next day. 答案 1. to take 2. comes 3. competition 4. must 5. admiring 6. tourists 7. the 8. whose 9. are dressed 10. probably 解析 1. to take 考查非谓语动词（不定式）。句意：每年，数十万人来到魁北克参加为期一周的冬季节。 此处表目的（来魁北克的目的是参加节日），用不定式 “to take” 作目的状语，故填 “to take”。 2. comes 考查时态与主谓一致。句意：每个来的人都必须准备好一直活动，因为天气太冷，不能长时间站着观看。 描述习惯性情况用一般现在时，定语从句主语 “who” 指代 “Everyone”（单数），动词 “come” 用第三人称单数 “comes”，故填 “comes”。 3. competition 考查名词。句意：清晨，你可以在俯瞰河流的小山上观看滑雪板比赛。 动词 “watch” 后接名词作宾语，“compete” 的名词形式为 “competition”（比赛），故填 “competition”。 4. must 考查情态动词。句意：胆子更大的人可以尝试独木舟比赛，但参与者为了安全必须穿救生衣 —— 没有例外。 结合 “for safety” 和 “no exception” 可知，此处表 “必须、强制要求”，用情态动词 “must”，故填 “must”。 5. admiring 考查非谓语动词（现在分词）。句意：在欣赏城市里随处可见的冰雕时（很像中国哈尔滨的冰雕），你可以和其他游客一起在冰屋里喝杯热茶或咖啡。 逻辑主语 “you” 与 “admire”（欣赏）是主动关系，“while + 现在分词” 作时间状语，故填 “admiring”。 6. tourists 考查名词复数。句意：在欣赏城市里随处可见的冰雕时（很像中国哈尔滨的冰雕），你可以和其他游客一起在冰屋里喝杯热茶或咖啡。 “other”（其他的）后接可数名词复数，“tourist” 的复数形式为 “tourists”，故填 “tourists”。 7. the 考查冠词。句意：傍晚时分，你可以加入冰宫前的人群，在那里雪人博诺姆是 “国王”。 “crowd”（人群）特指 “冰宫前的人群”，表特指用定冠词 “the”，故填 “the”。 8. whose 考查定语从句。句意：你可以在外面随着乐队的音乐跳舞，乐队成员都穿着厚重的衣服 —— 甚至有些乐器都为冬天做了装饰。 先行词 “a band”（乐队），定语从句中缺定语（“乐队的” 成员），用关系代词 “whose”，故填 “whose”。 9. are dressed 考查语态（一般现在时被动）。句意：你可以在外面随着乐队的音乐跳舞，乐队成员都穿着厚重的衣服 —— 甚至有些乐器都为冬天做了装饰。 固定搭配 “be dressed up”（被装饰、打扮），主语 “some of their instruments”（复数），结合一般现在时，故填 “are dressed”。 10. probably 考查副词。句意：最后，你可能会想坐在咖啡馆里暖和一下，为第二天做计划。 修饰动词 “want”（想要）需用副词，“probable” 的副词形式为 “probably”（可能），故填 “probably”。 Passage 2 Ireland’s beautiful countryside has always had 1___________ influence on its people and traditions. The country has a long history of producing great writers and poets. Its beautiful countryside excites and inspires all, 2___________ (offer) something for each of the senses. The peaceful landscape of the “Emerald Isle” and its many green counties 3___________ (be) a true feast for the eyes, with its rolling green hills 4___________ (dot) with sheep and cattle. And down by the sea, the roar of the ocean waves and 5___________ (cry) of the seabirds make up the music of the coast. 6___________ a quiet morning in the mountains, feel the sun on your skin, and breathe in the sweet scent of fresh flowers. With all this beauty, it is not surprising that Ireland has developed strong traditions 7___________ include music, dancing, and dining. You 8___________ try the local bakeries too—their soda bread is famous for its soft texture. Better yet, enjoy a delicious 9___________ (tradition) Irish Beef Stew. If you introduce 10___________ (you) to a friendly face, you are more than likely to experience local culture and customs first-hand. 答案 1. an 2. offering 3. are 4. dotted 5. cries 6. On 7. that/which 8. should 9. traditional 10. yourself/yourselves 解析 1. an 考查冠词。句意：爱尔兰美丽的乡村一直对其人民和传统有着影响。 固定搭配 “have an influence on”（对…… 有影响），“influence” 以元音音素开头，故填不定冠词 “an”。 2. offering 考查非谓语动词（现在分词）。句意：它美丽的乡村让所有人感到兴奋和鼓舞，为每一种感官都提供了独特的体验。 逻辑主语 “its beautiful countryside” 与 “offer”（提供）是主动关系，现在分词作伴随状语，故填 “offering”。 3. are 考查时态与主谓一致。句意：“绿宝石岛” 的宁静风景及其众多的绿色郡县，是名副其实的视觉盛宴。 描述客观事实用一般现在时，主语 “The peaceful landscape...and its many green counties”（并列结构）为复数，be 动词用 “are”，故填 “are”。 4. dotted 考查非谓语动词（过去分词）。句意：起伏的青山上点缀着牛羊。 “hills”（山）与 “dot”（点缀）是被动关系（山被牛羊点缀），过去分词作宾语补足语，故填 “dotted”。 5. cries 考查名词复数。句意：在海边，海浪的咆哮和海鸟的鸣叫构成了海岸的乐章。 “the roar of...” 与 “the cry of...” 是并列结构，“roar” 为名词，“cry” 此处作名词表 “鸣叫”，结合语境用复数 “cries” 表泛指，故填 “cries”。 6. On 考查介词。句意：在山里一个安静的早晨，感受阳光洒在皮肤上，呼吸鲜花的芬芳。 具体到 “某一天的早晨” 用介词 “On”，首字母大写，故填 “On”。 7. that/which 考查定语从句。句意：有如此多的美景，爱尔兰孕育出包括音乐、舞蹈和美食在内的浓厚传统也就不足为奇了。 先行词 “traditions”（传统）是物，定语从句中缺主语，用关系代词 “that” 或 “which”，故填 “that/which”。 8. should 考查情态动词。句意：你也应该试试当地的面包店 —— 他们的苏打面包以松软的口感而闻名。 此处表建议 “应该”，用情态动词 “should”，故填 “should”。 9. traditional 考查形容词。句意：更棒的是，享用一顿美味的传统爱尔兰炖牛肉吧。 修饰名词 “Irish Beef Stew”（爱尔兰炖牛肉）需用形容词，“tradition” 的形容词形式为 “traditional”（传统的），故填 “traditional”。 10. yourself/yourselves 考查代词。句意：如果你主动结识友善的当地人，你很可能会亲身体验当地的文化和习俗。 固定搭配 “introduce oneself to”（向…… 自我介绍），主语 “you” 可指单数 “你” 或复数 “你们”，故填 “yourself” 或 “yourselves”。 Passage 3 It’s midnight on New Year’s Eve. Clocks are striking twelve as people welcome the coming year, say goodbye 1___________ the old, wish for good luck in the future and forget bad things in the past. Around the world, people do different things 2___________ (help) their wishes come true. Some of them might surprise you. Food is often 3___________ (importance) to New Year’s customs. The Spanish and the Mexicans eat twelve 4___________ (grape) in twelve seconds — one for luck in each of the coming months. Eating grapes so fast isn’t easy 5___________ it’s happy. Colors are important too. Brazilians, for example, choose their clothes very carefully — for peace they wear white, yellow might bring success, and red 6___________ (mean) love! The Chinese believe red brings good luck, so they like to be 7___________ (dress) in this color, too. They also paint the front door of 8___________ (they) houses red and give family members and friends red envelopes with money. Some people destroy things on New Year’s Eve because they want to forget 9___________ past. You 10___________ not throw big things, though — small items like old papers are fine! On New Year’s Eve in Germany, several TV stations show a short black-and-white movie that is called Dinner for One. It’s a comedy (喜剧) in English, starring English actors. 答案 1. to 2. to help 3. important 4. grapes 5. but 6. means 7. dressed 8. their 9. the 10. must 解析 1. to 考查介词。句意：时钟敲响十二点，人们迎接新年、告别旧岁，祈求未来好运，忘却过去的不快。 固定搭配 “say goodbye to...”（向…… 告别），故填 “to”。 2. to help 考查非谓语动词（不定式）。句意：在世界各地，人们会做不同的事情来帮助自己的愿望实现。 此处表目的（做不同事情的目的是帮助愿望实现），用不定式 “to help” 作目的状语，故填 “to help”。 3. important 考查形容词。句意：食物在新年习俗中往往很重要。 空格前 “is” 是系动词，后接形容词作表语，“importance” 的形容词形式为 “important”（重要的），故填 “important”。 4. grapes 考查名词复数。句意：西班牙人和墨西哥人会在 12 秒内吃 12 颗葡萄 —— 每颗代表未来一个月的好运。 “twelve”（十二）后接可数名词复数，“grape” 的复数形式为 “grapes”，故填 “grapes”。 5. but 考查连词。句意：吃得这么快并不容易，但很开心。 前半句 “不容易” 与后半句 “开心” 是转折关系，用连词 “but” 连接，故填 “but”。 6. means 考查时态与主谓一致。句意：例如，巴西人会精心挑选衣服 —— 穿白色求平安，黄色可能带来成功，红色则意味着爱情！ 描述客观习俗用一般现在时，主语 “red”（单数），动词 “mean” 用第三人称单数形式 “means”，故填 “means”。 7. dressed 考查形容词。句意：中国人相信红色带来好运，所以他们也喜欢穿这种颜色的衣服。 固定搭配 “be dressed in”（穿着……），“dressed” 此处为形容词，表 “穿着衣服的”，故填 “dressed”。 8. their 考查代词。句意：他们还会把自家的前门刷成红色，并给家人和朋友发红包。 修饰名词 “houses”（房子）需用形容词性物主代词，“they” 的形容词性物主代词为 “their”，故填 “their”。 9. the 考查冠词。句意：有些人会在除夕销毁东西，因为他们想忘记过去。 “past”（过去）此处为名词，表特指 “（他们的）过去”，用定冠词 “the” 修饰，故填 “the”。 10. must 考查情态动词。句意：不过，你不许扔大件物品 —— 像旧纸张这样的小物件是可以的！ 结合 “though”（不过）和 “small items...are fine” 可知，此处表 “禁止、不许”，用情态动词 “must not”，故填 “must”。 6 / 22 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$