第9讲 介词-【春季高考必胜】2026年小高考英语总复习 满分冲刺（广东省专用）

春季高考·必胜 第9讲 介词 内容提要 核心语法回顾 专项能力突破 解题综合提升 一、表示地点与方位的介词：分类及用法对比 此类介词用于描述人或事物的位置、方向及空间关系，需根据 “范围大小、接触状态、位置关系” 等选择合适介词。 介词类别 具体介词 核心含义 示例 范围大小 at 小地点（具体位置、场所） at home, at the bus stop in 大地点（城市、国家、空间内部） in Guangzhou, in the room 位置关系（内外） in A 在 B 内部（同一范围） Guangzhou is in the south of China. on A 与 B 接壤（相邻） Guangdong is on the east of Guangxi. to A 与 B 分离（不相邻） Japan is to the east of China. 上下方位 on 表面接触（在…… 上面） The book is on the desk. above 非接触（在…… 上方，不强调正上方） Birds are above the trees. over 正上方（垂直上方） The bridge is over the river. under 正下方（垂直下方） The cat is under the chair. 前后与穿过 in front of 外部前方（不在同一空间） There is a tree in front of the house. in the front of 内部前方（同一空间） The driver sits in the front of the bus. across 穿过平面（马路、桥梁） Go across the street. through 穿过立体空间（森林、隧道） Walk through the forest. 注意事项： 1. “树上的东西” 区分：外来物用 “in the tree”（如鸟），本身生长的用 “on the tree”（如苹果）。 2. “between” 与 “among”：前者用于两者之间，后者用于三者及以上（如：between you and me；among the students）。 二、表示时间的介词：分类及用法对比 此类介词用于描述动作发生的时间，需根据 “时间点、时间段、具体日期” 等选择，核心区分 “at/in/on” 的适用场景。 时间 具体介词 适用场景 示例 时间点 at 具体时刻、固定搭配（黎明、正午等） at 8 a.m., at noon, at midnight 时间段 in 年、月、季节、早中晚（无修饰） in 2024, in May, in the morning 具体日期 on 星期、日期、有修饰的早中晚 on Monday, on June 1st, on a rainy morning 时间先后 before 在…… 之前 before dinner, before 9 o’clock after 在…… 之后 after school, after lunch by 不迟于……（截止时间） by the end of this month 持续与起点 for 时间段（持续多久） for three days, for a year since 时间点（从…… 开始，与完成时连用） since 2020, since last week from...to... 从…… 到……（时间范围） from Monday to Friday 注意事项： 1. 省略介词的情况：时间名词前有 “this/that/last/next/yesterday/tomorrow” 时，不加介词（如：last Sunday，this morning）。 2. “until” 的否定用法：“not...until” 表示 “直到…… 才”（如：I didn’t sleep until 11 p.m. 我直到 11 点才睡觉）。 三、表示方式、手段及其他意义的介词 此类介词用于说明动作的方式、工具、材料及 “除去、相似” 等特殊意义，需掌握固定搭配及易混淆介词的区别。 介词类别 具体介词 核心含义 示例 方式与工具 by 交通工具、手段（后接动名词） by bus, by reading with 具体工具、身体部位 write with a pen, see with eyes in 语言、材料、方式 in English, in cash, in this way 除去意义 besides 除…… 之外（包括后者） Everyone came besides Tom.（汤姆也来了） except 除…… 之外（不包括后者） Everyone came except Tom.（汤姆没来） except for 除…… 之外（补充说明，非同类） The room is clean except for a few books. 相似意义 like 像…… 一样（表相似） He looks like his father. as 作为……（表身份、职业） She works as a doctor. 常见固定搭配表 搭配类型 示例 动词 + 介词 listen to, look for, wait for, worry about 名词 + 介词 on time, in trouble, on foot, in danger 形容词 + 介词 be good at, be interested in, be late for 注意事项： 1. 易混淆介词 “by” 与 “with”：“by” 表抽象手段（by working hard），“with” 表具体工具（with a hammer）。 2. 固定搭配不可替换：如 “on foot”（步行）不可说成 “by foot”，“in English”（用英语）不可说成 “with English”。 一、语法填空：在空格处填入一个适当的词 1．People were making fun him but he didn't seem to notice. 【答案】of 【详解】考查介词。句意：人们都在取笑他，但他似乎并未察觉到。短语make fun of表示“取笑”。故填of。 2．They were interested in me and I learnt a lot of things from then . 【答案】on 【详解】考查固定搭配。句意：他们对我很感兴趣，从那时起我学到了很多东西。from then on“从那时起”为固定搭配。故填on。 3．She left the room tears so I went after her. 【答案】in 【详解】考查固定搭配。句意：她流着泪离开了房间，所以我随后追了出去。in tears“流着泪”为固定搭配。故填in。 4．In spite his disappointment, he managed a weak smile. 【答案】of 【详解】考查介词。句意：尽管很失望，他还是勉强挤出一丝微笑。in spite of为介词短语，意为“尽管”，符合语境。故填of。 5．After , 15 minutes of exercise is better than nothing. 【答案】all 【详解】考查固定搭配。句意：毕竟，锻炼15分钟总比不锻炼好。after all是固定搭配，意为“毕竟”，符合语境。故填all。 6．I then took advantage this time, knowing that I would eventually go back to work. 【答案】of 【详解】考查固定搭配。句意：之后我利用了这段时间，因为我知道自己最终还是要回去工作的。take advantage of为固定短语，意为“利用”，符合语境。故填of。 7．Statement should be made the basis of fact. 【答案】on 【详解】考查介词。句意：陈述应基于事实作出。on the basis of“在……的基础上”是固定搭配。故填on。 8． that case you won’t miss any courses tomorrow morning then. 【答案】In 【详解】考查介词。句意：那样的话，你明天早上就不会缺课了。结合句意，表达“那样的话”用短语in that case，in位于句首，首字母要大写。故填In。 9．You can't prevent people saying what they think. 【答案】from 【详解】考查介词。句意：你不能阻止人们说出他们的想法。根据上文prevent people可知此处为短语prevent sb. from doing sth.，表示“阻止某人做某事”，应填介词 from。故填 from。 10．Why should he notice her car particular? 【答案】in 【详解】考查介词。句意：他为什么要特别注意她的车？in particular意思为：尤其，特别地，固定短语。故填in。 11．The crowd cheered the runners as they started on the last lap of the race. 【答案】on 【详解】考查介词。句意：当选手们开始跑比赛的最后一圈时，人群为他们加油助威。cheer sb on是固定短语，意为“为某人加油、助威”。故填on。 12．Exploring the outer space is a real challenge mankind. 【答案】to 【详解】考查介词和固定搭配。句意：探索外太空对人类来说是一项真正的挑战。根据a challenge与 mankind的逻辑关系可知，此处需表达“对人类而言是个挑战”。固定结构“... is a challenge to sb.”表示“……对某人来说是个挑战”。to是介词，引出面临挑战的对象。故填to。 13．Who would like to deliver a speech behalf of our class? 【答案】on 【详解】考查固定搭配。句意：谁愿意代表我们班发言？此处考查固定搭配on behalf of “代表”。故填on。 14．She answered my question a casual manner. 【答案】in 【详解】考查介词。句意：她以一种随意的方式回答了我的问题。in a...manner“以……的方式”是固定搭配。故填in。 15．About two out three students attend the meeting. 【答案】of 【详解】考查介词。句意：大约三分之二的学生参加了这次会议。two out of three意思为：三分之二，为固定短语。故填of。 二、完成句子 1. 由于人类活动，该地区的一些珍稀鸟类有灭绝的危险。 Some rare birds in the area because of human activities. 【答案】are in danger of dying out 【详解】考查固定短语。表示“有……危险”短语为be in danger of；表示“灭绝”短语为die out，作介词的宾语用动名词形式；陈述事实用一般现在时，主语为Some rare birds，系动词用are。故填are in danger of dying out。 2. 与以前的作品相比，你最近的作品有了很大的进步。 your former works, your recent works have improved a lot. 【答案】 Compared with 【详解】考查固定短语。对比中英文句子可知，空格处意为“与……相比”，是固定短语compare with，句中谓语是have improved，空格处用非谓语动词，your recent works和compare之间是逻辑动宾关系，因此用过去分词作状语，位于句首的单词首字母大写。故填①Compared②with。 3. This traditional festival, the Ming Dynasty, has been passed down for generations. 这个追溯到明朝的传统节日代代相传。 【答案】 dating back to 【详解】考查动词短语。根据句意及所给句子可知，此处表示“追溯到”，应用动词短语date back to，此处与festival构成主动关系，应用现在分词，作后置定语。故填dating back to。 4. 听从你的建议，我已经决定去申请这份工作。 Following your advice, I have decided to the job. 【答案】apply for 【详解】考查动词短语。 表示“申请”短语为apply for，此处为短语decide to do sth.，不定式作宾语。故填apply for。 5. 价格平均上涨了约百分之八。 Prices have increased average by about eight percent. 【答案】on 【详解】考查介词短语。on average 是固定表达，意为“平均”。故填on。 6. 只有经历艰难的时刻,才会珍惜美好的时光。 You have to go the hard times to appreciate the good ones. 【答案】through 【详解】考查介词。表示“经历（艰难的时刻）”用go through。故填through。 7. 直到你指出来,我才意识到了这个错误。 I wasn’t aware the mistake until you pointed it out. 【答案】of 【详解】考查介词。表示“意识到”为be aware of，固定搭配。故填of。 8. 她计划从她的饮食中去除肉类。 She plans to cut all meat from her diet. 【答案】out 【详解】考查短语。结合句意“去除”可知短语为cut out，故填out。 9. 我想向大家介绍两款你们可能不太熟悉的应用。 I’d like to introduce two apps that are not you. (familiar) 【答案】familiar to 【详解】考查形容词和固定搭配。“为……所熟悉”用固定搭配be familiar to表示，句中已有be动词are。故填familiar to。 10. , they donate 200 dollars each month to the shelter for homeless children. 他们平均每个月为无家可归的孩子捐200元。 【答案】 On average 【详解】考查介词短语。表示“平均”用介词短语on average，作状语，且位于句首，单词首字母大写。故填①On②average。 11. 不过，这有时会很紧张，这反过来又让我感到焦虑。 It can be quite stressful at times, though, which makes me feel anxious. 【答案】 in turn 【详解】考查介词短语。表示“反过来”使用介词短语in turn，故填①in②turn。 12. 她绝望地坐在长椅上，不知道如何解决这个难题。 She sat on the bench , not knowing how to solve the difficult problem. 【答案】 in despair 【详解】考查介词短语。空处表示“绝望地”，应用介词短语in despair，在句中作状语。故填in despair。 13. 最终，父母同意了我的想法，现在我们正在做准备工作。 Finally, my parents and now we preparations. 【答案】 agreed with me are making 【详解】考查固定短语和动词时态。根据句意，第一、二、三空表示“同意某人”是固定短语agree with sb.，根据语境用一般过去时，所以前三空为agreed with me。第四空表示“做准备”译为make preparations，由“now”可知，此处用现在进行时，主语we是复数，所以第四空为are making。故填①agreed②with③me④are making。 14. 毕业后咱们保持联系吧。 Let’s after graduation. 【答案】keep in touch 【详解】考查动词短语。“保持联系”对应的英文是“keep in touch”，Let’s do sth.是固定搭配，因此keep用原形 ，故填keep in touch。 15. 总之，这部电影是非常成功的。 , the film is a great success. 【答案】All in all/In a word 【详解】考查固定短语。对比中英文句子可知，空格处意为“总之”，是固定短语all in all/in a word，位于句首的单词首字母大写，故填All in all/In a word。 三、完形填空 Passage 1 Mark was surprised when his 92-year-old grandmother Ruby told him she’d never seen a mountain in person. He knew she was deeply fond of 1 . “I wanted to be able to offer an 2 for my grandmother to see the mountain,” Mark said. So he asked Ruby if she would be interested in a road trip. Her 3 was, “What time will you 4 your trip with your grandmother?” In October, they set off, driving through the night. Once they reached the national park, “she not only saw 5 , but she climbed with me,” said Mark. “Even when the rain was 6 , she was smiling” Before their trip, Mark was 7 with his mental health. “I was trying to do something to 8 her, but she ended up saving me in the process,” he said. We were very close throughout my childhood,” he 9 , saying he had 10 memories of 11 frogs with her. “I think my love of animals came from her.” Mark said. “What would be a 12 grandson-grandparent relationship turned into the closest friendship I could ever imagine.” “I’m always willing to try something different,” said Ruby 13 . With Mark by her side, she said she feels 14 . “He just makes my 15 sing. I wish all Grandmas had Grandsons like him.” 1. A．society B．nature C．family D．children 2. A．idea B．opinion C．opportunity D．action 3. A．confusion B．doubt C．problem D．reply 4. A．start B．deliver C．exchange D．share 5. A．park B．mountains C．rain D．grandson 6. A．bringing in B．putting off C．pouring down D．flowing into 7. A．arguing B．struggling C．dealing D．communicating 8. A．help B．understand C．love D．company 9. A．predicted B．thought C．requested D．recalled 10. A．dull B．clear C．interesting D．poor 11. A．buying B．selling C．catching D．poisoning 12. A．typical B．unusual C．terrible D．broken 13. A．warmly B．awkwardly C．unhappily D．proudly 14. A．dull B．common C．safe D．dangerous 15. A．soul B．mouth C．throat D．family 【答案】 1. B 2. C 3. D 4. A 5. B 6. C 7. B 8. A 9. D 10. B 11. C 12. A 13. D 14. C 15. A 【导语】这是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了马克为了满足92岁的奶奶看山的愿望，带着她进行了一次公路旅行，最终两人都在这段旅程中得到了心灵的治愈和友谊的升华。 1. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他知道她非常喜欢大自然。A. society社会；B. nature自然；C. family家庭；D. children孩子。根据下文““I wanted to be able to offer an 　　2　　 for my grandmother to see the mountain,””可知，奶奶喜欢的是自然，因为自然中有山。故选B。 2. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：马克说：“我想为我的祖母提供一个看山的机会。”A. idea主意；B. opinion观点；C. opportunity机会；D. action行动。根据下文“he asked Ruby if she would be interested in a road trip”可知，马克是在询问奶奶是否对公路旅行感兴趣，由此可推测出，他是想给奶奶一个机会去看山。故选C。 3. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的回答是：“你和你奶奶什么时候开始旅行？”A. confusion困惑；B. doubt怀疑；C. problem问题；D. reply回复，回答。根据上文“he asked Ruby if she would be interested in a road trip”可知，马克是在询问奶奶是否对公路旅行感兴趣，所以此处应该是指奶奶给出了回答。故选D。 4. 考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. start开始；B. deliver递送；C. exchange交换；D. share分享。根据下文“In October, they set off, driving through the night”可知，他们是在十月出发的，由此可推测出，此处是询问什么时候“开始”旅行。故选A。 5. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：一到国家公园，“她不仅看到了山，还和我一起爬上了山，”马克说。A. park公园；B. mountains山；C. rain雨；D. grandson孙子。根据上文“she’d never seen a mountain in person”可知，奶奶之前从没见过山，再结合下文“but she climbed with me”可知，此处是指奶奶看到了山，并且爬了山。故选B。 6. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：即使下着倾盆大雨，她也微笑着说：“在他们旅行之前，马克一直在与心理健康作斗争。”A. bringing in引进；B. putting off推迟；C. pouring down倾盆而下；D. flowing into流入。根据上文“Even when the rain was”可知，此处是指即使下雨，而根据下文“she was smiling”可知，奶奶在笑，由此可推测出，虽然是大雨倾盆，但奶奶依然很开心。故选C。 7. 考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. arguing争论；B. struggling挣扎，努力；C. dealing处理；D. communicating交流。根据下文“with his mental health”可知，此处是指与心理健康有关，再结合下文“but she ended up saving me in the process”可知，奶奶最终拯救了马克，由此可推测出，马克在努力应对自己的心理健康问题。故选B。 8. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他说：“我想做点什么来帮助她，但在这个过程中，她却救了我。”A. help帮助；B. understand理解；C. love喜爱；D. company陪伴。根据上文“with his mental health”可知，此处是指与心理健康有关，再结合下文“but she ended up saving me in the process”可知，奶奶最终拯救了马克，由此可推测出，马克原本是想帮助奶奶的，但最终却被奶奶治愈了。故选A。 9. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：“在我的童年，我们非常亲密，”他回忆说，他说他清楚地记得和她一起抓青蛙。A. predicted预测；B. thought认为；C. requested要求；D. recalled回忆。根据后文“saying he had 　　10　　 memories of 　　11　　 frogs with her.”可知，后文讲述过去与奶奶一起抓青蛙的回忆，所以此处是指马克回忆起了与奶奶一起抓青蛙的时光。故选D。 10. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. dull枯燥的；B. clear清晰的；C. interesting有趣的；D. poor贫穷的。根据上文“We were very close throughout my childhood”可知，他们小时候关系很亲密，由此可推测出，与奶奶一起抓青蛙的回忆应该是有趣的。故选B。 11. 考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. buying购买；B. selling卖；C. catching抓住；D. poisoning毒害。根据“frogs with her”可知，此处表示与奶奶一起抓青蛙。故选C。 12. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“特有的孙子和祖父母的关系变成了我能想象到的最亲密的友谊。”A. typical典型的，特有的；B. unusual不寻常的；C. terrible可怕的；D. broken破碎的。根据上文“We were very close throughout my childhood”可知，他们小时候关系很亲密，由此可推测出，他们的祖孙关系是特有的祖孙关系。故选A。 13. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：“我总是愿意尝试不同的东西，”鲁比自豪地说。A. warmly热情地；B. awkwardly笨拙地；C. unhappily不开心地；D. proudly骄傲地。根据下文“With Mark by her side, she said she feels 　　14　　.”可知，奶奶鲁比在有马克陪伴的时候感到很安全，再结合下文“I wish all Grandmas had Grandsons like him”可知，鲁比希望所有的奶奶都能有一个像马克这样的孙子，由此可推测出，此处她应该是自豪地说出这句话。故选D。 14. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：有马克在她身边，她觉得很安全。A. dull枯燥的；B. common普通的；C. safe安全的；D. dangerous危险的。根据上文“With Mark by her side”可知，奶奶在有马克陪伴的时候，由此可推测出，她应该是感到很安全。故选C。 15. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他让我的灵魂歌唱。A. soul灵魂；B. mouth嘴巴；C. throat嗓子；D. family家庭。根据上文“turned into the closest friendship I could ever imagine”可知，鲁比和马克的关系变成了最亲密的友谊，所以此处指马克让鲁比的灵魂感到愉悦，make one’s soul sing意为“让某人的灵魂歌唱”。故选A。 Passage 2 This was my first trip to Cyprus with my husband John. I was 1 by the friendly Cypriot locals and the scenery that appeared at every corner of our turn. We chose to stop for 2 at a beachfront restaurant on Governor’s Beach. Slowly, our 3 was filled with colorful collages (拼贴画) of fresh salads and seafood. Every time Nikog, the waiter, 4 us, I looked up and said “thank you”. “Why do you English always say ‘thank you’?” Nikog 5 . “Too much ‘thank you’ and ‘please’”. He looked at me as if 6 an explanation. I smiled, wanting to make a connection and share a sincere 7 exchange, “We think it’s polite to recognize the work you do. It’s a way to 8 appreciation.” “But it’s my 9 ! Why do you keep saying ‘thank you’? Not necessary!” He shrugged (耸肩) his shoulders and threw up his hands. John and I looked at each other and burst out laughing! Something as 10 as when and where to say “thank you” can be an opportunity to 11 and learn more about people with different backgrounds, religions, cultures, and social norms. That’s why I really 12 traveling to different places. Travel lets us get to know each other. Travel can be a 13 that closes cultural gaps — 14 leading to peace, empathy, and greater understanding of the people who 15 our wonderful planet. 1. A．confused B．recognized C．impressed D．cheated 2. A．dinner B．gas C．ticket D．rest 3. A．bag B．room C．chair D．table 4. A．contacted B．served C．supported D．begged 5. A．asked B．commented C．replied D．explained 6. A．applying for B．taking in C．waiting for D．talking about 7. A．unique B．economic C．awkward D．cultural 8. A．receive B．show C．request D．prove 9. A．job B．love C．habit D．choice 10. A．powerful B．stressful C．simple D．suitable 11. A．evacuate B．connect C．succeed D．survive 12. A．allow B．practice C．suggest D．enjoy 13. A．bridge B．crash C．shelter D．honour 14. A．obviously B．actually C．finally D．hardly 15. A．rescue B．supply C．admire D．share 【答案】 1. C 2. A 3. D 4. B 5. A 6. C 7. D 8. B 9. A 10. C 11. B 12. D 13. A 14. C 15. D 【导语】本文的体裁是记叙文。文章通过叙述作者和丈夫在塞浦路斯旅行中的一次经历，描述了他们在一家海滨餐厅用餐时与服务员Nikog之间的互动，以及由此引发的文化差异的思考。 1. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我被友好的塞浦路斯当地人和我们每转一个弯都能看到的风景所打动。A. confused困惑的；B. recognized公认的；C. impressed印象深刻的；D. cheated欺骗的。根据后文“by the friendly Cypriot locals and the scenery”可知，此处表示作者被友好的塞浦路斯当地人和风景所打动，be impressed by“对……印象深刻，被……所感动”，符合句意。故选C。 2. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们选择在总督海滩的一家海滨餐馆停下来吃晚饭。A. dinner晚饭；B. gas气体；C. ticket票；D. rest休息。根据后文“at a beachfront restaurant on Governor’s Beach”可知，此处表示作者一行人在海滨餐馆停下来吃晚饭。故选A。 3. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：慢慢地，我们的桌子上摆满了色彩鲜艳的沙拉和海鲜拼贴画。A. bag包；B. room房间；C. chair椅子；D. table桌子。根据后文“was filled with colorful collages (拼贴画) of fresh salads and seafood”可知，此处表示作者吃饭的桌子上摆满了色彩鲜艳的沙拉和海鲜拼贴画。故选D。 4. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：每次服务员尼科格给我们上菜时，我都会抬头说声“谢谢”。A. contacted联系；B. served服务，上菜；C. supported支持；D. begged乞求。根据前文“Nikog, the waiter”和后文“us, I looked up and said “thank you””可知，此处表示每次服务员尼科格给作者一行人上菜时，作者都会说声“谢谢”。故选B。 5. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：“为什么你们英国人总是说‘谢谢’？”尼科格问道。A. asked问；B. commented评论；C. replied回复；D. explained解释。根据前文““Why do you English always say ‘thank you’?””可知，此处表示尼科格问作者为什么英国人总是说“谢谢”。故选A。 6. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：他看着我，好像在等一个解释。A. applying for申请；B. taking in吸收；C. waiting for等待；D. talking about谈论。根据前文““Why do you English always say ‘thank you’?””和“He looked at me as if”可知，此处表示尼科格问了作者一个问题，看着作者，好像在等待作者的解释。故选C。 7. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我笑了，想建立联系，进行真诚的文化交流，“我们认为认可你们的工作是有礼貌的。这是一种表达感激的方式。”A. unique独特的；B. economic经济的；C. awkward尴尬的；D. cultural文化的。根据前文““Why do you English always say ‘thank you’?””和后文“We think it’s polite to recognize the work you do. It’s a way to 8 appreciation.”可知，二人属于不同的国籍，此处表示作者想和尼科格进行真诚的文化交流。故选D。 8. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我笑了，想建立联系，进行真诚的文化交流，“我们认为认可你们的工作是有礼貌的。这是一种表达感激的方式。”A. receive收到；B. show表明，表达；C. request要求；D. prove证明。根据前文“We think it’s polite to recognize the work you do. It’s a way to”和后文“appreciation”可知，此处表示作者认为认可别人的工作是一种表达感激的方式。故选B。 9. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但这是我的工作！A. job工作；B. love爱；C. habit习惯；D. choice选择。根据前文“But it’s my”和后文“Why do you keep saying ‘thank you’? Not necessary!”可知，此处表示尼科格认为没必要表示感谢的原因是给客人上菜是他的工作。故选A。 10. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：像什么时候、在哪里说“谢谢”这样简单的事情，可以成为与人交流并了解不同背景、宗教、文化和社会规范的人的机会。A. powerful强大的；B. stressful有压力的；C. simple简单的；D. suitable合适的。根据后文“as when and where to say “thank you””可知，此处表示像什么时候、在哪里说“谢谢”这样简单的事情。故选C。 11. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：像什么时候、在哪里说“谢谢”这样简单的事情，可以成为与人交流并了解不同背景、宗教、文化和社会规范的人的机会。A. evacuate疏散；B. connect联系，沟通；C. succeed成功；D. survive幸存。根据后文“and learn more about people with different backgrounds, religions, cultures, and social norms”可知，此处表示像什么时候、在哪里说“谢谢”这样简单的事情，可以成为与人交流沟通的机会，了解不同背景、宗教、文化和社会规范的人的机会。故选B。 12. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这就是我为什么喜欢去不同的地方旅行。A. allow允许；B. practice练习；C. suggest建议；D. enjoy喜欢。根据前文“That’s why I really”和后文“traveling to different places”可知，此处表示这就是作者喜欢去不同地方旅行的原因。故选D。 13. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：旅行可以成为弥合文化鸿沟的桥梁——最终导致和平、同情以及对与我们共享这个美好星球的人们的更大理解。A. bridge桥梁，纽带；B. crash碰撞；C. shelter庇护；D. honour荣誉。根据后文“that closes cultural gaps”可知，此处表示旅行可以成为弥合文化鸿沟的桥梁。故选A。 14. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：旅行可以成为弥合文化鸿沟的桥梁——最终导致和平、同情以及对与我们共享这个美好星球的人们的更大理解。A. obviously显然地；B. actually实际上；C. finally最终；D. hardly几乎不。根据前文“Travel can be a 13 that closes cultural gaps”和后文“leading to peace, empathy, and greater understanding of the people”可知，此处表示旅行最终可以带来和平、同情以及对人们的更大理解。故选C。 15. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：旅行可以成为弥合文化鸿沟的桥梁——最终导致和平、同情以及对与我们共享这个美好星球的人们的更大理解。A. rescue营救；B. supply提供；C. admire钦佩；D. share分享。根据前文“the people who”和后文“our wonderful planet”可知，此处表示共享这个美好星球的人们。故选D。 Passage 3 Even at 80, Mei continues to patrol (巡逻) the Shixiaguan section of the Great Wall. He lives in Shixia, a village located near the Great Wall. He has a(n) 1 for the wall. In 1979, Mei returned to his hometown and was 2 to see the wall damaged. Some villagers had even taken 3 from the wall to build houses. Determined to 4 the wall, Mei volunteered as a guardian (保护者), patrolling 20 km daily to 5 people doing so. In 1984, a Great Wall protection activity was 6 in Beijing, which inspired the villagers. Many returned the bricks. In 2006, Mei 7 a local volunteer protection union, with most of 8 becoming guardians. Inspired by Mei, his niece Liu, followed in his footsteps and 9 became a Great Wall guardian. “It is my 10 to protect cultural heritage,” she says. China has made a(n) 11 to protect the Great Wall. Between 2015 and 2023, 289 protection projects were 12 , and over 6,800 guardians nationwide are now 13 . Advanced technologies, such as drones (无人驾驶飞机), have also been 14 for protection. Although the Shixiaguan section is not yet open to the public, Mei hopes the 15 can attract more people to join the protection. 1. A．need B．affection C．reason D．gift 2. A．glad B．ready C．shocked D．likely 3. A．supplies B．bricks C．doors D．pipes 4. A．preserve B．identify C．paint D．build 5. A．observe B．keep C．imagine D．prevent 6. A．passed B．forced C．stopped D．buried 7. A．replaced B．protested C．established D．solved 8. A．locals B．experts C．athletes D．parents 9. A．secretly B．fluently C．gradually D．illegally 10. A．tradition B．responsibility C．proposal D．ability 11. A．mistake B．trap C．symbol D．effort 12. A．agreed B．discovered C．explained D．improved 13. A．growing B．working C．competing D．traveling 14. A．looked forward to B．taken control of C．made use of D．put up with 15. A．heritage B．destination C．video D．brochure 【答案】 1. B 2. C 3. B 4. A 5. D 6. A 7. C 8. A 9. C 10. B 11. D 12. A 13. B 14. C 15. A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了梅先生坚持巡逻保护家乡附近的长城。 1. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他对长城有一种喜爱。A. need需要；B. affection喜爱；C. reason原因；D. gift礼物。根据上文“Even at 80, Mei continues to patrol (巡逻) the Shixiaguan section of the Great Wall.”可知，即使在80岁的时候，梅仍然在石峡关长城巡逻，说明他对长城有喜爱之情。故选B。 2. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：1979年，梅回到家乡，看到长城被毁，感到震惊。A. glad高兴的；B. ready准备好的；C. shocked震惊的；D. likely可能的。根据下文“to see the wall damaged”可知，看到长城被毁，梅感到震惊。故选C。 3. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：一些村民甚至从长城上取下砖块来建房子。A. supplies供应品；B. bricks砖块；C. doors门；D. pipes管道。根据下文“from the wall to build houses”和“Many returned the bricks”可知，许多村民归还了砖块，说明他们之前从长城上取下过砖块来建房子。故选B。 4. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：梅决心保护长城，自愿成为守护者，每天巡逻20公里，以防止人们这样做。A. preserve保护；B. identify识别；C. paint绘画；D. build建造。根据下文“Mei volunteered as a guardian (保护者)”可知，梅自愿成为守护者，目的是保护长城。故选A。 5. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：梅决心保护长城，自愿成为守护者，每天巡逻20公里，以防止人们这样做。A. observe观察；B. keep保持；C. imagine想象；D. prevent阻止。根据上文“Some villagers had even taken 3 from the wall to build houses”可知，一些村民从长城上取下砖块来建房子，梅作为守护者，目的是阻止人们这样做。故选D。 6. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：1984年，北京通过了一项长城保护活动，激发了村民们的热情。A. passed通过；B. forced强迫；C. stopped停止；D. buried埋葬。根据上文“a Great Wall protection activity”可知，北京通过了一项长城保护活动。故选A。 7. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：2006年，梅成立了一个当地志愿者保护联盟，其中大部分当地人成为守护者。A. replaced取代；B. protested抗议；C. established建立，成立；D. solved解决。根据下文“a local volunteer protection union”可知，梅成立了一个当地志愿者保护联盟。故选C。 8. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：2006年，梅成立了一个当地志愿者保护联盟，其中大部分当地人成为守护者。A. locals当地人；B. experts专家；C. athletes运动员；D. parents父母。根据上文“In 2006, Mei 7 a local volunteer protection union”可知，梅成立了一个当地志愿者保护联盟，所以这里的指的是大部分当地人成为守护者。故选A。 9. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：受梅的启发，他的侄女刘也追随他的脚步，逐渐成为一名长城守护者。A. secretly秘密地；B. fluently流利地；C. gradually逐渐地；D. illegally非法地。根据上文“Inspired by Mei, his niece Liu, followed in his footsteps”可知，受梅的启发，他的侄女刘也追随他的脚步，说明她是逐渐成为一名长城守护者的。故选C。 10. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她说：“保护文化遗产是我的责任。”A. tradition传统；B. responsibility责任；C. proposal提议；D. ability能力。根据上文“followed in his footsteps and 9 became a Great Wall guardian”可知，刘追随梅的脚步，逐渐成为一名长城守护者，说明她认为保护文化遗产是她的责任。故选B。 11. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：中国已经努力保护长城。A. mistake错误；B. trap陷阱；C. symbol象征；D. effort努力。根据下文“to protect the Great Wall. Between 2015 and 2023, 289 protection projects were”可知，在2015年至2023年期间，实施了289个保护项目，说明中国已经努力保护长城。故选D。 12. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在2015年至2023年期间，289个保护项目被批准。A. agreed批准；B. discovered发现；C. explained解释；D. improved提高。根据上文“Between 2015 and 2023, 289 protection projects were”可知，中国已经努力保护长城，所以这里表示289个保护项目被批准。故选A。 13. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：目前，全国已有6800多名守护者正在工作。A. growing成长；B. working工作；C. competing竞争；D. traveling旅行。根据上文“and over 6,800 guardians nationwide”可知，全国已有6800多名守护者，他们正在工作，保护长城。故选B。 14. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：无人机等先进技术也被用于保护。A. looked forward to期待；B. taken control of控制；C. made use of利用；D. put up with忍受。根据上文“Advanced technologies, such as drones (无人驾驶飞机), have also been”可知，无人机等先进技术也被用于保护长城。故选C。 15. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然石峡关段尚未向公众开放，但梅希望这个遗产能够吸引更多人加入保护。A. heritage遗产；B. destination目的地；C. video视频；D. brochure小册子。根据上文“the Shixiaguan section of the Great Wall”和下文“can attract more people to join the protection”可知，这里指的是长城的石峡关段，是文化遗产，所以这里表示梅希望这个遗产能够吸引更多人加入保护。故选A。 四、语法填空 Passage 1 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Hutongs are a feature of ancient Chinese architecture and the most typical residence in Beijing. Hutong is not only a traffic channel, but also the common 1 (live) area for ordinary people. The 2 (major) of Beijing’s hutongs were built between the 13th and 19th centuries during the Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties. By connecting people’s homes, the hutongs in fact connected people’s lives, whether the lives of the rich or the lives of the ordinary 3 (citizen). Because of the hutongs, courtyards 4 (join) together for miles around creating a network of people working, playing and living together — a real community. There used to be 4000 homes in Beijing 5 a history of more than 800 years. Towards 6 end of the Qing Dynasty, the conditions in Beijin’s hutongs went down. Nowadays, many Hotongs have been replaced by modern buildings as the city develops; only a few of them have been preserved, 7 (keep) the traditions and history of Beijing alive. Tourists love the hutongs. They can walk up Sanmiao Street, 8 dates back 900 years, wander down Dongjiaominxiang — the longest hutong at about 1. 6 km, or squeeze through Qianshi — the 9 (narrow) at only 40 cm wide! The hutongs not only link Beijing’s streets and communities but also its past and present, showing that Beijing is 10 (true) an ancient yet modern city. 【答案】 1. living 2. majority 3. citizens 4. were joined 5. with 6. the 7. keeping 8. which 9. narrowest 10. truly 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了北京胡同的历史、意义、变化及其在现代生活中的影响。 1. 考查非谓语动词。句意：胡同不仅是一条交通通道，也是普通百姓的日常生活区域。修饰名词area用动名词living，表示被修饰词的作用或功能。故填living。 2. 考查名词。句意：北京的大多数胡同是在元、明、清三代（即13世纪至19世纪）期间修建的。短语the majority of表示“大多数”。故填majority。 3. 考查名词的数。句意：胡同将人们的住所连接了起来，实际上也连接了人们的生活，无论是富人的生活还是普通市民的生活。此处citizen数量大于一用复数形式。故填citizens。 4. 考查时态语态。句意：由于胡同的存在，一个个庭院相互连接，绵延数英里，形成了一个人们共同工作、娱乐和生活的网络空间——一个真正的社区。主语courtyards与谓语构成被动关系，且发生在过去用一般过去时的被动语态，谓语用复数。故填were joined。 5. 考查介词。句意：过去在北京有4000座有着超过800年历史的古宅。短语with a history of表示“有着……历史”。故填with。 6. 考查冠词。句意：在清朝末期，北京城内的胡同环境变得糟糕起来。此处特指“清朝的结束”，用定冠词the。故填the。 7. 考查非谓语动词。句意：如今，随着城市的不断发展，许多胡同已被现代化建筑所取代；只有极少数得以保留，它们延续着北京的传统与历史，使之得以传承下去。此处keep与only a few of them构成主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。故填keeping。 8. 考查定语从句。句意：他们可以漫步于有900年历史的三庙街，徜徉在约1.6公里长的最长胡同——东交民巷，或是穿行于仅40厘米宽的最窄胡同——钱市胡同！非限制性定语从句修饰先行词Sanmiao Street，在从句作主语，指物，故填which。 9. 考查最高级。句意：他们可以漫步于有900年历史的三庙街，徜徉在约1.6公里长的最长胡同——东交民巷，或是穿行于仅40厘米宽的最窄胡同——钱市胡同！根据定冠词以及句意“最窄”可知用最高级。故填narrowest。 10. 考查副词。句意：这些胡同不仅连接着北京的街道和社区，也连接着它的过去与现在，这表明北京确实是一座古老而又现代的城市。修饰动词用副词truly。故填truly。 Passage 2 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Every year, more than £1 million in coins thrown into the Trevi Fountain (喷泉) in Rome are collected 1 (feed), clothe, and house the city’s poor. 2 (complete) in 1762, the fountain is one of the city’s most popular 3 (destination). Usually it’s a tourist madhouse, taking up a third of the space in the already small Piazza di Trevi (a public square). Visitors arrive in large numbers, and many hope to do more than see the 4 (wonder) artwork. Tradition has it that visitors put their back to the fountain and throw 5 coin over their left shoulder with their right hand — an act 6 supposedly guarantees (确保) they shall return to the city. The tradition was born from the 1954 film Three Coins in the Fountain about three American women living in Rome who wish upon the fountain 7 love in the city. Over €1 million is thrown into its waters every year, which is collected by 8 (sweep) all the coins together and then using a machine to pick 9 (they) up. Caritas, a charity, 10 (receive) this massive windfall (巨额款项), and uses it to fund soup kitchens, homeless shelters (收容所), free supermarkets and other projects. 【答案】 1. to feed 2. Completed 3. destinations 4. wonderful 5. a 6. that /which 7. for 8. sweeping 9. them 10. receives 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了罗马特莱维喷泉。 1. 考查非谓语动词。句意：每年，人们会收集扔在罗马特莱维喷泉里的100多万英镑硬币，用于为这座城市的穷人提供食物、衣物和住所。分析句子结构可知，句中已有谓语动词are collected，此处需用非谓语动词表目的，所以用动词不定式to feed，“to feed clothe, and house the city’s poor”意为“为了给……提供食物、衣物和住所”。故填to feed。 2. 考查非谓语动词。句意：这座喷泉于1762年建成，是这座城市最受欢迎的景点之一。分析句子结构可知，本句已有谓语动词is，complete需用非谓语形式。complete与逻辑主语the fountain之间是动词关系，即“喷泉被建成”，所以用过去分词Completed作状语，句首单词首字母大写。故填Completed。 3. 考查名词复数。句意：这座喷泉于1762年建成，是这座城市最受欢迎的景点之一。“one of + the +形容词最高级+可数名词复数”为常用结构，意为“最……之一”，所以此处用名词复数destinations，意为“目的地，景点”。故填destinations。 4. 考查形容词。句意：游客大量涌入，许多人希望做的不仅仅是观赏这美妙的艺术品。此处修饰名词artwork，应用形容词wonderful，意为“美妙的，精彩的”。故填wonderful。 5. 考查冠词。句意：传统习俗是游客背对喷泉，用右手将一枚硬币从左肩上方扔过去——这个举动据说能确保他们会再次回到这座城市。coin为可数名词单数，此处表示泛指“一枚硬币”，且coin首字母的发音为辅音音素。所以用不定冠词a。故填a。 6. 考查定语从句。句意：传统习俗是游客背对喷泉，用右手将一枚硬币从左肩上方扔过去——这个举动据说能确保他们会再次回到这座城市。此处为关系词引导的定语从句，先行词为an act，指物，在从句中作主语，所以用关系代词that或which引导该定语从句。故填that/which。 7. 考查介词。句意：这个传统源于1954年的电影《罗马之恋》，这部电影讲述了三个生活在罗马的美国女性在喷泉边许愿，希望在这座城市收获爱情的故事。wish for为固定搭配，意为“希望得到，祈求”，所以此处填for。故填for。 8. 考查非谓语动词。句意：每年有超过100万欧元被投入喷泉，收集硬币的方式是先把所有硬币扫到一起，然后用机器把它们捡起来。by为介词，后接动名词作宾语，所以用sweeping。故填sweeping。 9. 考查代词。句意：每年有超过100万欧元被投入喷泉，收集硬币的方式是先把所有硬币扫到一起，然后用机器把它们捡起来。作动词pick宾语，后接宾格代词them指代前文的coins。故填them。 10. 考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：慈善机构Caritas接收这笔巨额款项，并将其用于资助施粥所、无家可归者收容所、免费超市和其他项目。此处描述客观事实，用一般现在时，主语Caritas是第三人称单数，所以谓语动词用receives。故填receives。 Passage 3 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Cap 1 (invent) long ago in China. For example, the idiom “Yi Guan Chu Chu” means dressing 2 (neat) with both clothes and a cap. Wearing caps was an important part in China’s tradition. When a man reached the age of 20, he began to wear cap in 3 ceremony (仪式) called “Guanli” (Ceremony of the Cap), 4 (show) that he had grown up. The caps changed over time. In the Han Dynasty, the shape of the cap was already similar 5 that of today. Cap must be matched with a headband (束发带). People 6 belonged to the lower classes were only allowed to wear beadbands. Later, in the Ming Dynasty, officials wore black gauze caps called “Wushamao” 7 (protect) their heads from sun and dust. Chinese caps have their own 8 (nation) features. In ancient times, people of the Liao and Jin Dynasties usually wore fur (毛皮) caps, and people of the Yuan Dynasty usually wore helmet-style (盔式) caps and hats. Besides, there were little colorful caps of the Uygur (维吾尔), fox fur caps of the Mongolian, and so on. In daily life, cap (hat) has also such 9 (function) as cold protection, warm keeping, and decoration. However, 10 (compare) to ancient times, modern caps are more comfortable and practical. 【答案】 1. was invented 2. neatly 3. a 4. showing 5. to 6. who/that 7. to protect 8. national 9. functions 10. compared 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了中国帽子的历史、文化意义及其演变。 1. 考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意：帽子很久以前就在中国发明了。根据时间状语long ago可知，句子描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时态，主语Cap与动词invent之间为被动关系，应用被动语态，主语为Cap，be动词用was。故填was invented。 2. 考查副词。句意：例如，成语“衣冠楚楚”指的是衣着和帽子都穿戴整洁。空处作状语修饰动词dress，用副词neatly“整洁地”。故填neatly。 3. 考查冠词。句意：当一个男人到了20岁，他开始在一个叫做“冠礼”的仪式上戴帽子，这表明他已经长大了。此处泛指一个，应用不定冠词，且ceremony发音以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a。故填a。 4. 考查非谓语动词。句意同上。句中已有谓语动词began，空处作非谓语动词，表示一种自然而然，意料之中的结果，应使用现在分词形式showing作结果状语。故填showing。 5. 考查介词。句意：在汉代，帽子的形状已经和今天的相似了。be similar to是固定搭配，表示“与……相似”。故填to。 6. 考查定语从句。句意：下层阶级的人只允许戴珠带。空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词People，指人，先行词在定语从句中作主语，应用关系代词who或that引导该从句。故填who/that。 7. 考查非谓语动词。句意：后来，在明朝，官员们戴黑色的纱帽，叫做“乌纱帽”，以保护他们的头部免受阳光和灰尘的伤害。句中已有谓语动词wore，空处作非谓语动词，此处表示目的，应用动词不定式to protect 目的状语。故填to protect。 8. 考查形容词。句意：中国帽子有自己的民族特色。空处修饰名词features，应使用形容词national作定语，意为“民族的”。故填national。 9. 考查名词。句意：在日常生活中，帽子还具有防寒、保暖、装饰等功能。function为可数名词，此处表示多种功能，应用复数形式functions。故填functions。 10. 考查非谓语动词。句意：然而，与古代相比，现代帽子更加舒适实用。compared to“与……相比”为固定短语，过去分词短语在句中作状语，表被动。故填compared。 4 / 23 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$春季高考·必胜 第9讲 介词 内容提要 核心语法回顾 专项能力突破 解题综合提升 一、表示地点与方位的介词：分类及用法对比 此类介词用于描述人或事物的位置、方向及空间关系，需根据 “范围大小、接触状态、位置关系” 等选择合适介词。 介词类别 具体介词 核心含义 示例 范围大小 at 小地点（具体位置、场所） at home, at the bus stop in 大地点（城市、国家、空间内部） in Guangzhou, in the room 位置关系（内外） in A 在 B 内部（同一范围） Guangzhou is in the south of China. on A 与 B 接壤（相邻） Guangdong is on the east of Guangxi. to A 与 B 分离（不相邻） Japan is to the east of China. 上下方位 on 表面接触（在…… 上面） The book is on the desk. above 非接触（在…… 上方，不强调正上方） Birds are above the trees. over 正上方（垂直上方） The bridge is over the river. under 正下方（垂直下方） The cat is under the chair. 前后与穿过 in front of 外部前方（不在同一空间） There is a tree in front of the house. in the front of 内部前方（同一空间） The driver sits in the front of the bus. across 穿过平面（马路、桥梁） Go across the street. through 穿过立体空间（森林、隧道） Walk through the forest. 注意事项： 1. “树上的东西” 区分：外来物用 “in the tree”（如鸟），本身生长的用 “on the tree”（如苹果）。 2. “between” 与 “among”：前者用于两者之间，后者用于三者及以上（如：between you and me；among the students）。 二、表示时间的介词：分类及用法对比 此类介词用于描述动作发生的时间，需根据 “时间点、时间段、具体日期” 等选择，核心区分 “at/in/on” 的适用场景。 时间 具体介词 适用场景 示例 时间点 at 具体时刻、固定搭配（黎明、正午等） at 8 a.m., at noon, at midnight 时间段 in 年、月、季节、早中晚（无修饰） in 2024, in May, in the morning 具体日期 on 星期、日期、有修饰的早中晚 on Monday, on June 1st, on a rainy morning 时间先后 before 在…… 之前 before dinner, before 9 o’clock after 在…… 之后 after school, after lunch by 不迟于……（截止时间） by the end of this month 持续与起点 for 时间段（持续多久） for three days, for a year since 时间点（从…… 开始，与完成时连用） since 2020, since last week from...to... 从…… 到……（时间范围） from Monday to Friday 注意事项： 1. 省略介词的情况：时间名词前有 “this/that/last/next/yesterday/tomorrow” 时，不加介词（如：last Sunday，this morning）。 2. “until” 的否定用法：“not...until” 表示 “直到…… 才”（如：I didn’t sleep until 11 p.m. 我直到 11 点才睡觉）。 三、表示方式、手段及其他意义的介词 此类介词用于说明动作的方式、工具、材料及 “除去、相似” 等特殊意义，需掌握固定搭配及易混淆介词的区别。 介词类别 具体介词 核心含义 示例 方式与工具 by 交通工具、手段（后接动名词） by bus, by reading with 具体工具、身体部位 write with a pen, see with eyes in 语言、材料、方式 in English, in cash, in this way 除去意义 besides 除…… 之外（包括后者） Everyone came besides Tom.（汤姆也来了） except 除…… 之外（不包括后者） Everyone came except Tom.（汤姆没来） except for 除…… 之外（补充说明，非同类） The room is clean except for a few books. 相似意义 like 像…… 一样（表相似） He looks like his father. as 作为……（表身份、职业） She works as a doctor. 常见固定搭配表 搭配类型 示例 动词 + 介词 listen to, look for, wait for, worry about 名词 + 介词 on time, in trouble, on foot, in danger 形容词 + 介词 be good at, be interested in, be late for 注意事项： 1. 易混淆介词 “by” 与 “with”：“by” 表抽象手段（by working hard），“with” 表具体工具（with a hammer）。 2. 固定搭配不可替换：如 “on foot”（步行）不可说成 “by foot”，“in English”（用英语）不可说成 “with English”。 一、语法填空：在空格处填入一个适当的词 1．People were making fun him but he didn't seem to notice. 2．They were interested in me and I learnt a lot of things from then . 3．She left the room tears so I went after her. 4．In spite his disappointment, he managed a weak smile. 5．After , 15 minutes of exercise is better than nothing. 6．I then took advantage this time, knowing that I would eventually go back to work. 7．Statement should be made the basis of fact. 8． that case you won’t miss any courses tomorrow morning then. 9．You can't prevent people saying what they think. 10．Why should he notice her car particular? 11．The crowd cheered the runners as they started on the last lap of the race. 12．Exploring the outer space is a real challenge mankind. 13．Who would like to deliver a speech behalf of our class? 14．She answered my question a casual manner. 15．About two out three students attend the meeting. 二、完成句子 1. 由于人类活动，该地区的一些珍稀鸟类有灭绝的危险。 Some rare birds in the area because of human activities. 2. 与以前的作品相比，你最近的作品有了很大的进步。 your former works, your recent works have improved a lot. 3. This traditional festival, the Ming Dynasty, has been passed down for generations. 这个追溯到明朝的传统节日代代相传。 4. 听从你的建议，我已经决定去申请这份工作。 Following your advice, I have decided to the job. 5. 价格平均上涨了约百分之八。 Prices have increased average by about eight percent. 6. 只有经历艰难的时刻,才会珍惜美好的时光。 You have to go the hard times to appreciate the good ones. 7. 直到你指出来,我才意识到了这个错误。 I wasn’t aware the mistake until you pointed it out. 8. 她计划从她的饮食中去除肉类。 She plans to cut all meat from her diet. 9. 我想向大家介绍两款你们可能不太熟悉的应用。 I’d like to introduce two apps that are not you. (familiar) 10. , they donate 200 dollars each month to the shelter for homeless children. 他们平均每个月为无家可归的孩子捐200元。 11. 不过，这有时会很紧张，这反过来又让我感到焦虑。 It can be quite stressful at times, though, which makes me feel anxious. 12. 她绝望地坐在长椅上，不知道如何解决这个难题。 She sat on the bench , not knowing how to solve the difficult problem. 13. 最终，父母同意了我的想法，现在我们正在做准备工作。 Finally, my parents and now we preparations. 14. 毕业后咱们保持联系吧。 Let’s after graduation. 15. 总之，这部电影是非常成功的。 , the film is a great success. 三、完形填空 Passage 1 Mark was surprised when his 92-year-old grandmother Ruby told him she’d never seen a mountain in person. He knew she was deeply fond of 1 . “I wanted to be able to offer an 2 for my grandmother to see the mountain,” Mark said. So he asked Ruby if she would be interested in a road trip. Her 3 was, “What time will you 4 your trip with your grandmother?” In October, they set off, driving through the night. Once they reached the national park, “she not only saw 5 , but she climbed with me,” said Mark. “Even when the rain was 6 , she was smiling” Before their trip, Mark was 7 with his mental health. “I was trying to do something to 8 her, but she ended up saving me in the process,” he said. We were very close throughout my childhood,” he 9 , saying he had 10 memories of 11 frogs with her. “I think my love of animals came from her.” Mark said. “What would be a 12 grandson-grandparent relationship turned into the closest friendship I could ever imagine.” “I’m always willing to try something different,” said Ruby 13 . With Mark by her side, she said she feels 14 . “He just makes my 15 sing. I wish all Grandmas had Grandsons like him.” 1. A．society B．nature C．family D．children 2. A．idea B．opinion C．opportunity D．action 3. A．confusion B．doubt C．problem D．reply 4. A．start B．deliver C．exchange D．share 5. A．park B．mountains C．rain D．grandson 6. A．bringing in B．putting off C．pouring down D．flowing into 7. A．arguing B．struggling C．dealing D．communicating 8. A．help B．understand C．love D．company 9. A．predicted B．thought C．requested D．recalled 10. A．dull B．clear C．interesting D．poor 11. A．buying B．selling C．catching D．poisoning 12. A．typical B．unusual C．terrible D．broken 13. A．warmly B．awkwardly C．unhappily D．proudly 14. A．dull B．common C．safe D．dangerous 15. A．soul B．mouth C．throat D．family Passage 2 This was my first trip to Cyprus with my husband John. I was 1 by the friendly Cypriot locals and the scenery that appeared at every corner of our turn. We chose to stop for 2 at a beachfront restaurant on Governor’s Beach. Slowly, our 3 was filled with colorful collages (拼贴画) of fresh salads and seafood. Every time Nikog, the waiter, 4 us, I looked up and said “thank you”. “Why do you English always say ‘thank you’?” Nikog 5 . “Too much ‘thank you’ and ‘please’”. He looked at me as if 6 an explanation. I smiled, wanting to make a connection and share a sincere 7 exchange, “We think it’s polite to recognize the work you do. It’s a way to 8 appreciation.” “But it’s my 9 ! Why do you keep saying ‘thank you’? Not necessary!” He shrugged (耸肩) his shoulders and threw up his hands. John and I looked at each other and burst out laughing! Something as 10 as when and where to say “thank you” can be an opportunity to 11 and learn more about people with different backgrounds, religions, cultures, and social norms. That’s why I really 12 traveling to different places. Travel lets us get to know each other. Travel can be a 13 that closes cultural gaps — 14 leading to peace, empathy, and greater understanding of the people who 15 our wonderful planet. 1. A．confused B．recognized C．impressed D．cheated 2. A．dinner B．gas C．ticket D．rest 3. A．bag B．room C．chair D．table 4. A．contacted B．served C．supported D．begged 5. A．asked B．commented C．replied D．explained 6. A．applying for B．taking in C．waiting for D．talking about 7. A．unique B．economic C．awkward D．cultural 8. A．receive B．show C．request D．prove 9. A．job B．love C．habit D．choice 10. A．powerful B．stressful C．simple D．suitable 11. A．evacuate B．connect C．succeed D．survive 12. A．allow B．practice C．suggest D．enjoy 13. A．bridge B．crash C．shelter D．honour 14. A．obviously B．actually C．finally D．hardly 15. A．rescue B．supply C．admire D．share Passage 3 Even at 80, Mei continues to patrol (巡逻) the Shixiaguan section of the Great Wall. He lives in Shixia, a village located near the Great Wall. He has a(n) 1 for the wall. In 1979, Mei returned to his hometown and was 2 to see the wall damaged. Some villagers had even taken 3 from the wall to build houses. Determined to 4 the wall, Mei volunteered as a guardian (保护者), patrolling 20 km daily to 5 people doing so. In 1984, a Great Wall protection activity was 6 in Beijing, which inspired the villagers. Many returned the bricks. In 2006, Mei 7 a local volunteer protection union, with most of 8 becoming guardians. Inspired by Mei, his niece Liu, followed in his footsteps and 9 became a Great Wall guardian. “It is my 10 to protect cultural heritage,” she says. China has made a(n) 11 to protect the Great Wall. Between 2015 and 2023, 289 protection projects were 12 , and over 6,800 guardians nationwide are now 13 . Advanced technologies, such as drones (无人驾驶飞机), have also been 14 for protection. Although the Shixiaguan section is not yet open to the public, Mei hopes the 15 can attract more people to join the protection. 1. A．need B．affection C．reason D．gift 2. A．glad B．ready C．shocked D．likely 3. A．supplies B．bricks C．doors D．pipes 4. A．preserve B．identify C．paint D．build 5. A．observe B．keep C．imagine D．prevent 6. A．passed B．forced C．stopped D．buried 7. A．replaced B．protested C．established D．solved 8. A．locals B．experts C．athletes D．parents 9. A．secretly B．fluently C．gradually D．illegally 10. A．tradition B．responsibility C．proposal D．ability 11. A．mistake B．trap C．symbol D．effort 12. A．agreed B．discovered C．explained D．improved 13. A．growing B．working C．competing D．traveling 14. A．looked forward to B．taken control of C．made use of D．put up with 15. A．heritage B．destination C．video D．brochure 四、语法填空 Passage 1 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Hutongs are a feature of ancient Chinese architecture and the most typical residence in Beijing. Hutong is not only a traffic channel, but also the common 1 (live) area for ordinary people. The 2 (major) of Beijing’s hutongs were built between the 13th and 19th centuries during the Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties. By connecting people’s homes, the hutongs in fact connected people’s lives, whether the lives of the rich or the lives of the ordinary 3 (citizen). Because of the hutongs, courtyards 4 (join) together for miles around creating a network of people working, playing and living together — a real community. There used to be 4000 homes in Beijing 5 a history of more than 800 years. Towards 6 end of the Qing Dynasty, the conditions in Beijin’s hutongs went down. Nowadays, many Hotongs have been replaced by modern buildings as the city develops; only a few of them have been preserved, 7 (keep) the traditions and history of Beijing alive. Tourists love the hutongs. They can walk up Sanmiao Street, 8 dates back 900 years, wander down Dongjiaominxiang — the longest hutong at about 1. 6 km, or squeeze through Qianshi — the 9 (narrow) at only 40 cm wide! The hutongs not only link Beijing’s streets and communities but also its past and present, showing that Beijing is 10 (true) an ancient yet modern city. Passage 2 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Every year, more than £1 million in coins thrown into the Trevi Fountain (喷泉) in Rome are collected 1 (feed), clothe, and house the city’s poor. 2 (complete) in 1762, the fountain is one of the city’s most popular 3 (destination). Usually it’s a tourist madhouse, taking up a third of the space in the already small Piazza di Trevi (a public square). Visitors arrive in large numbers, and many hope to do more than see the 4 (wonder) artwork. Tradition has it that visitors put their back to the fountain and throw 5 coin over their left shoulder with their right hand — an act 6 supposedly guarantees (确保) they shall return to the city. The tradition was born from the 1954 film Three Coins in the Fountain about three American women living in Rome who wish upon the fountain 7 love in the city. Over €1 million is thrown into its waters every year, which is collected by 8 (sweep) all the coins together and then using a machine to pick 9 (they) up. Caritas, a charity, 10 (receive) this massive windfall (巨额款项), and uses it to fund soup kitchens, homeless shelters (收容所), free supermarkets and other projects. Passage 3 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Cap 1 (invent) long ago in China. For example, the idiom “Yi Guan Chu Chu” means dressing 2 (neat) with both clothes and a cap. Wearing caps was an important part in China’s tradition. When a man reached the age of 20, he began to wear cap in 3 ceremony (仪式) called “Guanli” (Ceremony of the Cap), 4 (show) that he had grown up. The caps changed over time. In the Han Dynasty, the shape of the cap was already similar 5 that of today. Cap must be matched with a headband (束发带). People 6 belonged to the lower classes were only allowed to wear beadbands. Later, in the Ming Dynasty, officials wore black gauze caps called “Wushamao” 7 (protect) their heads from sun and dust. Chinese caps have their own 8 (nation) features. In ancient times, people of the Liao and Jin Dynasties usually wore fur (毛皮) caps, and people of the Yuan Dynasty usually wore helmet-style (盔式) caps and hats. Besides, there were little colorful caps of the Uygur (维吾尔), fox fur caps of the Mongolian, and so on. In daily life, cap (hat) has also such 9 (function) as cold protection, warm keeping, and decoration. However, 10 (compare) to ancient times, modern caps are more comfortable and practical. 10 / 10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$