专题03 阅读理解（记叙文）（期中真题汇编）高二英语上学期人教版

专题03 阅读理解 记叙文 主题01 人与自然——自然生态与环境保护 Passage 1 （24-25高二上·山东·期中） I first realized that plastic was a serious matter for our planet during my travel in Western Australia. One day about 12 years ago, I stopped at a supermarket along the Coral Bay coast ta buy some groceries. But the lady at the counter told me that the supermarket didn’t sell any shopping bags to prevent plastic in the ocean and help preserve the endangered turtles(海龟) living in that area. After a first reaction of surprise, I gathered all purchases in my arms and left, reflecting on what I had been told. The experience in that trip made me more conscious about my impact and pushed me to adopt various habits to travel and live more sustainably. For example, I always carried a cotton bag when I went shopping. My travel to Indonesia was another life-changing experience that strengthened my determination to turn to a zero-waste lifestyle. In Indonesia, finding safe drinkable water was always a challenge, so I traveled with my water bottle, managing to avoid almost entirely the use of plastic during my trip. However, I was seriously struck by my stay on the Libaran Island, where a sustainable and turtle conservation project was launched 10 years ago. Despite the big efforts by the project staff and the community in cleaning up the beaches and creatively reusing plastic, the shore was washed daily with tons of plastic coming from the tides. Walking on a carpet of plastic that almost prevented me from seeing the beach underneath was quite shocking. Facing this global issue in person, I felt a sense of sadness and anger that soon turned into determination: to do as much as possible to reduce plastic in my life. Sometimes we might feel helpless in front of big problems, but we should be aware that small changes could actually make a difference step by step! 1．How does the author lead in the topic of the text? A．By reflecting on the present life. B．By looking into the future environment. C．By introducing the previous achievements. D．By recalling the past shopping experience. 2．What did the author decide to do after the trip about 12 years ago? A．Cut back on travel. B．Shop less frequently. C．Lead a green life. D．Rurify drinking water 3．What do we know about the project in paragraph 4? A．It had no clear goal. B．It didn’t work out very well. C．It met the islanders’ needs. D．It was aimed to prevent turtle attacks. 4．What does the author think of the plastic problem? A．It is demanding B．It is manageable. C．It is easy to solve. D．It’s lacking in attention. Passage 2 （24-25高二上·广东珠海·期中） Mallory Haske surfs nearly every day in the summer, and it really annoys her to see trash in the water or on the beach. So when her high school English teacher assigned a passion project, Haske came up with a creative idea that connected surfing and trash. She collected litter on the beach and used it to create a surf board in an effort to raise awareness about ocean pollution. “The feeling of catching a wave is fantastic. It’s such a mental release,” said Haske, standing on the beach waxing(上蜡) her newly finished trash board. “I really hope it floats.” Her teacher assigned the project months ago and was surprised to see how Haske’s enthusiasm about it grew throughout the school year. “Not every student found her passion, but she did,” said the teacher. “I’m super proud of her.” Over the winter, Haske, who would graduate soon, collected litter including cigarette butts, bottle caps, fast-food containers and masks along the resort area beach. “It was definitely a unique challenge,”Haske said. She landed a sponsor and raised money from friends to create the surf board, which cost about $1,000. Haske took custom orders and helped people build their own surf boards. Making one out of trash was a first for her. Nearly the entire board was made from recycled material and litter. On Tuesday after school, Haske went out and attempted to ride a wave on her new board, but the mostly flat conditions made it difficult. The nose of the surfboard made by herself kept going under the water, but Haske stayed upbeat. “It’s pretty heavy up front, but it’s going to be my best friend,” Haske said after coming out of the water. “It’s made for large waves.” 5．Why did Haske make the surf board? A．To put trash to the best use. B．To take a surfing competition. C．To pursue her passion for surfing. D．To draw attention to ocean pollution. 6．Which of the following can best describe Haske? A．Proud and reliable. B．Responsible and innovative. C．Tough and faithful. D．Imaginative and desperate. 7．How did Haske make the surfboard? A．With the help of environmentalists. B．By cooperating with her parents. C．By using the trash collected from the beach. D．Under the guidance of her teacher. 8．What does the underlined word “upbeat”in the last paragraph probably mean? A．Optimistic. B．Cautious. C．Peaceful. D．Discouraged. Passage 3 （24-25高二上·江西南昌·期中） When John Todd was a child, he loved to explore the woods around his house, observing how nature solved problems. A dirty stream, for example, often became clear after flowing through plants and along rocks where tiny creatures lived. When he got older, John started to wonder if this process could be used to clean up the messes people were making. After studying agriculture, medicine, and fisheries in college, John went back to observing nature and asking questions. Why can certain plants trap harmful bacteria (细菌)? Which kinds of fish can eat cancer-causing chemicals? With the right combination of animals and plants, he figured, maybe he could clean up waste the way nature did. He decided to build what he would later call an eco-machine. The task John set for himself was to remove harmful substances from some sludge (污泥). First, he constructed a series of clear fiberglass tanks connected to each other. Then he went around to local ponds and streams and brought back some plants and animals. He placed them in the tanks and waited. Little by little, these different kinds of life got used to one another and formed their own ecosystem. After a few weeks, John added the sludge. He was amazed at the results. The plants and animals in the eco-machine took the sludge as food and began to eat it! Within weeks, it had all been digested, and all that was left was pure water. Over the years, John has taken on many big jobs. He developed a greenhouse — like facility that treated sewage (污水) from 1,600 homes in South Burlington. He also designed an eco-machine to clean canal water in Fuzhou, a city in southeast China. “Ecological design” is the name John gives to what he does. “Life on Earth is kind of a box of spare parts for the inventor,” he says. “You put organisms in new relationships and observe what’s happening. Then you let these new systems develop their own ways to self-repair.” 9．What can we learn about John from the first two paragraphs? A．He was fond of traveling. B．He enjoyed being alone. C．He had an inquiring mind. D．He longed to be a doctor. 10．Why did John put the sludge into the tanks? A．To feed the animals. B．To build an ecosystem. C．To protect the plants. D．To test the eco-machine. 11．What is the author’s purpose in mentioning Fuzhou? A．To review John’s research plans. B．To show an application of John’s idea. C．To compare John’s different jobs. D．To erase doubts about John’s invention. 12．What is the basis for John’s work? A．Nature can repair itself. B．Organisms need water to survive. C．Life on Earth is diverse. D．Most tiny creatures live in groups. 主题02 人与自我——成长蜕变与人际沟通 Passage 1 （24-25高二上·北京延庆·期中）Jim Thorpe is one of the successful athletes of all time. He had amazing athletic abilities and was well-known during his lifetime, yet that did not make Thorpe a stranger to adversity (逆境). Thorpe was an American Indian from Oklahoma who developed his extraordinary skills in his youth through hard labor. It was also in his youth that he learned to endure hardship brought upon by racial prejudice (偏见). Many would say his childhood was not easy. He grew up poor and at age 9 his twin brother passed away and a few years later he lost both of his parents. But that did not stop him from doing what he loved and pursuing his dreams. Nothing seemed to stop him, not even stolen shoes. Just hours before Thorpe was going to compete in the Olympics, somebody stole his shoes. Thorpe improvised (临时拼凑) by getting shoes out of garbage. The shoes were two different sizes. He wore an extra pair of socks on one foot to even them out. He still went on to win two gold medals-winning each event he competed in except for one, the javelin (标枪). The javelin was the only event he didn’t win, probably because he had never competed in that event before. It is interesting to note that Thorpe had tried to throw the javelin once before in the Olympic trials. At the time, he didn’t know that he could throw it with a running start. He threw it standing still and was placed second. I think Paul Dughi said it best, “It’s hard to imagine that now professional athletes get paid millions of dollars just to wear a particular brand of shoes. For Jim Thorpe, it didn’t matter what kind he wore.” 1．What do we know about Thorpe? A．He gained athletic skills through hard training. B．His success was no guarantee of a better life. C．His career brought him both gains and losses. D．He suffered many hardships throughout his life. 2．What most likely led to Thorpe’s failure to win the javelin? A．Loss of his own sports shoes. B．A carefree attitude toward the event C．Lack of experience in the event. D．A shortage of talent for the sport 3．Which of the following words can best describe Jim Thorpe? A．Loyal and enthusiastic B．Tough and determined C．Disciplined and ambitious D．Confident and committed Passage 2 （24-25高二上·浙江宁波·期中） The view from the top was breathtaking. It was 2023 and I had just climbed the Hvannadals Peak in Iceland, almost seven years after becoming paralyzed from the chest down after a climbing fall. My two teammates and I were on our way to becoming the first all-disabled team to cross Europe’s largest ice cap, the mighty Vatnajökull glacier, unsupported and unassisted. A year before, when Niall McCann first suggested making the 100–mile trip, I was excited by the prospect of returning to this lost world of crevasses (冰裂缝), mountains and ice, but upset and anxious about whether I’d struggle. Back then, I still would have given anything for my legs to work and to be able to walk again. But I was eager for adventure and signed on to do the trip with McCann, who had broken his back when paragliding, and EdJackson, a former professional rugby player who had broken his neck in 2017. This was going to be the toughest challenge of my life. And yet, with each drive of my poles into the snow, I pushed myself further from civilization — and closer to the man I’d once been. My mind drifted to the last time I was on a mountain before my accident, climbing Monte Rosa in the Italian Alps and feeling the addictive mixture of excitement and trepidation. Those same emotions returned as we battled through powerful storms and hidden crevasses before we reached the ice cap’s highest point. I was at the top when I was hit by an unexpected wave of emotion. I realized that, despite all that I had been through — all the challenges and setbacks I had faced — if someone asked me if I wanted my legs back, I would have said no. That moment affected every aspect of my life and the way I perceived my disability. No longer did I consider myself disabled or injured, because, if I could reach the summit of a remote ice cap, I could overcome the frustrations and setbacks of day-to-day life with resilience and persistence. Yes, I do still have a life-changing injury — but, for me, it’s been for the better. 4．What can you know about the team? A．It got assistance from an organization. B．Its members all had a form of disability. C．It followed the steps of a similar previous team. D．It consisted of people paralyzed down the chest. 5．What might have really caused the writer to hesitate about the trip? A．His paralyzed legs. B．Fear of potential danger. C．The lost world of ice. D．Lack of proper equipment. 6．What’s does the underlined word “trepidation” in paragraph 4 probably mean? A．Fear. B．Bravery. C．Happiness. D．Disappointment. 7．What did the writer think of his injury after he made it to the top? A．It left him nothing but all setbacks. B．It caused his unexpected bad emotion. C．He wouldn’t know his potential otherwise. D．He was tortured by the frustrations it caused. Passage 3 （23-24高二上·山东青岛·期中） Being a writer in the 21st century can keep you in front of a screen for so long that it feels like the room is sideways. Being a human with the Internet can mean hours spent on social media, scrolling and posting for so long that your sense of reality actually becomes sideways. Three years ago, I started to search for ways to deal with my anxiety. I had a brilliant idea, one that felt completely foreign to people like me: I’d go outside, to the real outside. I grew up in the city, not hiking or camping, so I knew nothing about the outdoors. I have three kids with endless energy, so I figured I could solve two questions at once. I would get a breather from my job and the kids would play with insects and realize there is nothing better than nature. We drove to Great Falls, Virginia, where hundreds of people on any given day spent hours meandering through the hillside and forest. The blue water pulsed, turning white and crashing powerfully hundreds of feet beneath us. The kids held their breath as if they had seen magics. But it’s just nature, just the outside, and that had been there all along. Since then, we’ve been fascinated. Last summer I felt my home’s walls closing in, so I decided to go camping. I built my first fire. My kids watched my every move, asking every ten minutes to help get more branches and roast meat. About a month, my craving to take a break from the city grew again. We camped two more times before the cold came, each time seeing a bit more of what nature had to offer city folks. 8．Why did the author decide to go outside three years ago? A．Because he was interested in nature. B．Because he hoped to reduce anxiety. C．Because he fell in love with camping. D．Because he was eager for the outdoors. 9．What does the author want his kids to do? A．Enjoy the beauty of nature. B．Stay away from social media. C．Learn to protect themselves. D．Choose to do what they are fond of. 10．How did the kids feel about the tour to Great Falls? A．Tired. B．Scared. C．Bored. D．Excited. 11．What does the underlined word “craving” in the last paragraph mean? A．Memory. B．Chance. C．Desire. D．Ability. 主题03 人与社会——社区发展与社会公益 Passage 1 （24-25高二上·湖南长沙·期中） Last year, I learned that there was a house for homeless children in our city. The children there had no parents and they had very few possessions (财物). I wanted to do something for them. I filled backpacks with things like books, toys, and pens, and gave them to the house for homeless children. I wanted to let the children have a good day and to make them smile! I called the project Backpack Smiles. I got some good feedback (反馈) on the project. Then I told a local volunteer group about what I did. Now, we are giving more backpacks to homeless children in our town, and we hope more people can do the same in their own town. Would you like to do this? Here are the steps: First, call a house for homeless children to see what the kids there might need. Then invite your friends to help them by filling backpacks with some useful or fun things for the kids. Then ask a parent to help you send the backpacks to the house. What you do will help a lot. 1．Who did the writer want to help? A．A volunteer group. B．Homeless children. C．The writer’s classmates. D．The writer’s parents. 2．What is the name of the writer’s project? A．Homeless Children’s Backpacks. B．Backpack Smiles. C．Smile Project. D．Backpack Project. 3．How did the writer let the children have a good day? A．By sending them some money. B．By finding a house for them. C．By giving them things like books and pens. D．By offering them food and drinks. 4．Why did the writer talk with the volunteer group? A．He hoped more volunteers could help the children. B．He wanted to show them what he did. C．He hoped his classmates could help the children. D．He wanted the volunteers to give him some backpacks. 5．What does the last paragraph mainly talk about? A．How to help homeless children. B．What homeless children want. C．What you can give to homeless children. D．How to ask your parents to help you. Passage 2 （24-25高二上·湖南邵阳·期中）Tu Youyou, an 84-year-old woman, was the first Chinese female scientist to be awarded a Nobel Prize for her discovery of the life-saving drug artemisinin (known as qinghaosu) with the help of her team in the 1970s. When standing on the stage, she expressed her sincere gratitude to the Committee for the honour, Tu Youyou said, “This is not only an honour for myself, but also recognition and encouragement for all scientists in China.” As a member of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, she benefited a lot from the experts in the same field by learning Chinese medicine for two and a half years, which helped her master a deep knowledge about traditional practices. Attaching great importance to saving people’s lives from Malaria — a disease that killed millions of people every year, Tu Youyou was chosen to establish a team to find a cure and had an idea that Chinese herbs might be the key after seeing so many unsuccessful experiments conducted by others. She immersed herself in learning ancient Chinese medical literature, visiting experts in traditional Chinese medicine and researching hundreds of traditional recipes connected to anti-malarial cures, getting nothing. Then the thought of using modern research methods to study these Chinese herbs came to her mind. After hundreds of failed experiments due to limited resources and the lack of staff, even the air quality in the laboratory they worked was terrible, they eventually came across a promising chemical. Tu Youyou even bravely volunteered to be the first human subject to see if it was safe for humans. The test turned out to be a success. “From our research experience in discovering artemisinin, we learnt the wisdom behind both Chinese and Western medicine. There is great potential for future advances if these two kinds of wisdom can be fully integrated,”she said. 6．Which of the following statements is correct? A．Tu Youyou discovered artemisinin on her own. B．Tu Youyou spent two years learning Chinese medicine. C．Tu Youyou was the first scientists to be awarded Nobel Prize. D．Tu Youyou gained lots of knowledge from the experts in her field. 7．What is Not included in the reasons why Tu Youyou succeeded in her field? A．Her eagerness for saving people’s lives from Malaria. B．Her desire to be recognized by the whole world. C．The joint effort of the team members. D．Her modest attitude towards learning from others. 8．How did Tu Youyou prove that Chinese herb would be the cure? A．Studying latest Chinese literature. B．Tasting hundreds of Chinese herbs. C．Visiting experts in modern-Chinese medicine. D．Researching a great deal of traditional recipes 9．Which of the following difficulties did Tu Youyou and her team not encounter? A．They were short of staff. B．Their research methods were out-dated. C．The air quality in their laboratory was bad. D．Their resources was limited. Passage 3 （24-25高二上·辽宁大连·期中）For many people, barbecues are a chance to enjoy a meal with family and friends. For Stan Hays, however, barbecuing becomes his skill to feed people in need when the disaster happens. The unique effort began in May 2011, when a severe tornado (龙卷风) hit Joplin, about two hours from Hays’ home. His wife asked him to help. So, he put out the word to his partners and headed down with his barbecue. “We thought we’d be there three to four days, serving maybe 5,000 meals,” Hays said. But the need was there, so Hays and over 300 volunteers worked for 11 days to meet the need. It was a life-changing experience for Hays, who had never organized any type of large voluntary effort before. While preparing to head home, he and his friends Will Cleaver and Jeff Stith came to the realization. “A barbecue community is able to respond to disasters like this quickly,” Hays said. “So, before we left, we put together a plan to create the Operation BBQ Relief.” During the last six years, the group has responded to almost 45 disasters across the United States, most recently Hurricanes Harvey and Irma and the wildfires in northern California. More than 6,800 volunteers have joined the effort, and the group often partners with other organizations to serve the meals. “Barbecues are comfort food,” Hays said. “If you just lost your house or a loved one, getting a hot meal would remind you of the barbecues you had in the backyard and make you forget about the bad stuff in your life. That’s worth it to me.” 10．What can we learn from the second paragraph? A．The tornado happened in July 2011. B．Supplies were far from enough for the victims. C．Volunteers couldn’t meet the requirements. D．The need for food was beyond Hays’ expectation. 11．What made Hays create the Operation BBQ Relief? A．His wife’s suggestion. B．His preference for barbecues. C．A voluntary activity in Joplin. D．The high earnings from barbecues. 12．Which of the following words can best describe Hays? A．Warm-hearted. B．Strong-willed. C．Broad-minded. D．Good-tempered. 13．What’s the text mainly about? A．The bright future of barbecues. B．The role of barbecues in voluntary activities. C．An effective approach was used to rescue victims. D．When disasters fall, they bring barbecues. 主题01 人与社会——社会责任与贡献 Passage 1 （23-24高二上·河北保定·期中） Sanyé Mylo’s eyes twinkle with excitement when he stands in the sound booth of The Record Co. in Boston, eager to bring his creation to life. With the press of a button, his latest rap track fills the room. “I didn’t know spaces like this existed,” says Mylo, who grew up in the low-income neighborhood of Dorchester. He is one of the youngest musicians who, thanks to The Record Co. , has turned his music into a full-time occupation. Founded in 2010 by Matt McArthur, The Record Co. aims to give musicians more affordable access to the creative workspace and introduce the world of music to those who may have never considered their place in it. McArthur understands this challenge firsthand. As a music technology student at Berklee College of Music, he was frustrated by the high costs of renting time in production studios. On average, a recording studio in Boston costs more than $100 per hour to rent. He saw a recording studio not as a private office for a man of means but as a community center available to all. So he took out loans, collected donations and opened a studio in a tiny basement in Cambridge, Massachusetts. Slowly but steadily, McArthur expanded it and eventually rented a new property to include spaces for practice and production. Today, The Record Co., with a full-time staff of more than 20 people, is a state-of-the art, 12,000-foot facility that can be rented for as little as $10 per hour. Each month, it receives about 1,000 reservations, and around 3,500 musicians pass through its doors. At The Record Co., the principle is clear: Music should be affordable for everyone, and so should the space for creating it. The building has been shaped not only with an ear to acoustics(音响效果)but also with an eye to ensure it is as welcoming to a musician in a wheelchair as to one who walks in with a guitar over the shoulder. 1．Why did McArthur found The Record Co.? A．To make musicians well-known. B．To make a fortune through music. C．To persuade people to pursue music. D．To make music production affordable. 2．What does the author intend to do in paragraph 3? A．Provide some advice for musicians. B．Add some background information. C．Summarize the previous paragraphs. D．Launch an appeal for musical creation. 3．What does the underlined word “means” in paragraph 4 mean? A．Wealth. B．Method. C．Vision. D．Determination 4．Which of the following is the best title for the text? A．Bring Boston’s music to the world B．Turn music into a full-time occupation C．A recording studio has advanced facilities D．Music belongs to everyone at The Record Co. Passage 2 （24-25高二上·广东东莞·期中） Most of us have memories from childhood that go something like this: You’re not leaving the table until you eat all your vegetables. How lucky we were to have nutritious food, even if we had to learn to like it. According to the Houston Health Dement, for nearly one quarter of children living in Houston, Texas, the choice to eat healthily doesn’t exist. They are unable to obtain fresh produce, relying entirely on canned and packaged goods. A lack of fresh meat and produce in your diet can lead to increases in depression and obesity and greater risks of heart disease and cancer. A poor diet is also tied to poor performance in school for young children. Annie Zhu was shocked to find out so many children in Houston lived in food deserts. She was also shocked to see how much fresh food supermarkets throw away every day. So she and her twin sister Shirley went to work. First, they partnered with the Houston Health Department to distribute food at community centers. With the help of a food rescue organization Second Servings, they collected surplus (过剩的) food from grocery stores and began organizing monthly markets. They even connected with human service agencies to provide help beyond food. Lastly, since fresh food needs to be picked up right away, they developed a text-messaging app Fresh Hub, which tells people when and where the markets are. Each month, Fresh Hub organizes high school students who wear green shirts and go to set up stands of fresh produce, baked goods and packaged meats. The Zhu sisters and the green dream team have distributed over 1,500 pounds of food. At the end of the day, Annie says they are happy to be making a difference. “Frustration over the unfair circumstances built into society led us to meet incredible people,” says Annie. “I know I’m not alone on this journey to help the underserved — and I know my journey has only just begun!” 5．What issue in Houston do the Zhu sisters focus on? A．Poor access to fresh food for kids. B．Kids’ dislike for green vegetables. C．Food supplies in supermarkets. D．Childhood obesity and illness. 6．What is Fresh Hub supposed to do? A．Serve as a healthy food provider. B．Collect fresh food from grocery stores. C．Inform users of fresh produce available. D．Publish authoritative information on food. 7．How does Annie Zhu feel about their efforts to help the underserved? A．Puzzled and curious. B．Frustrated and anxious. C．Surprised and excited. D．Delighted and satisfied. Passage 3 （24-25高二上·山东威海·期中） By the time Nalin Kamat was 13, the Toronto teen was well on his way to becoming a working artist. He had already had his first show at a local art center, displaying his series titled “Dispositions”, which illustrated his own growth during adolescence (青少年). Yet he wanted more — specifically to start showing his work in a juried (评审) exhibition, where a group of art experts would evaluate and select pieces in a competitive review process. That was when he had trouble, discovering in the application that the minimum age for submission was 18. That rejection became a motivation for creation. “I thought it’d be really cool if I could provide the opportunity to more young artists,” says Nalin, now 15. With the support of his parents, in January 2023, Nalin founded Little EGG Gallery, which is now profitable enough to make ends meet by charging a small hanging fee for any displayed work. In turn, Little EGG help promote young talents by displaying their works. Not long after opening, David Griffin, a professor and artist of Ontario College of Art and Design University stepped into the gallery and met Nalin. Griffin regarded him as someone special: “a strong young artist with a really excellent idea — creating a space for showing the natural genius of young people. It was a void (空白) in the art world.” There Nalin asked Griffin to help judge an upcoming competition. The first juried show was last spring, and five-year-old Jack Gamble won for his abstract painting titled Pokemon. As Nalin is busy with school, life and his own art, Little EGG is mostly open by appointment only, but he’s still devoted to growing it with seasonal and themed shows scheduled a few times a year. 8．What do we know about Nalin from the first two paragraphs? A．He became a working artist at 13. B．Art experts sang high praise for his works. C．He was disqualified for a juried exhibition. D．Teenagers’ growth was the theme of his works. 9．Why did Nalin decide to set up Little EGG Gallery? A．To earn money to support his parents. B．To show artists’ talent through themed shows. C．To form the connection between different galleries. D．To show young artists’ talent by offering them a stage. 10．Which of the following can best describe Nalin’s idea of opening the gallery? A．Pioneering. B．Romantic. C．Popular. D．Incredible. 11．In which column of a magazine is this text most likely to appear? A．Figure. B．Opinion. C．Culture. D．Lifestyle. 主题02 人与自我——个人认知与人际相处 Passage 1 （23-24高二上·山东青岛·期中） I remember the first time I saw a skateboarder roll past me when I was 14 in the early 90s. The skater wove in and out of the schoolchildren. He moved in such a smooth and cool way. He flowed through the crowds in the same way that water finds its natural route. It was the coolest thing I’d ever seen. Why walk to school when you could skate? After serious saving and a request for early birthday funds, I found myself in the skate shop and got my first skateboard. What I didn’t know then was that this first attempt was the beginning of a voyage that would never end. Information and experiences were exchanged and shared with friends. Videos of legendary professionals — Mark Gonzales, Rodney Mullen, Chris Miller — were circulated and pored over. After making a thorough study, I realized that dedication and perseverance played a great role in skateboarding. Skateboarding forever changes the way you see urban spaces. The 1960s architectural eyesores (碍眼的建筑) become a creative challenge which awaits the unusual exploration of a skater. With the streets as your playground, loyal friendships are formed. You wander like a wolf pack, hunting out new challenges and opportunities. And when you journey further into the unknown architectural skate spots around the globe, you know endless good times await. You’re a global conqueror aboard four wheels and seven layers of plywood (胶合板). There are no short cuts in the sport. As a creative culture, skateboarding is big business for sure, but the ability to flow confidently on a skateboard is no easy thing to achieve. To succeed at anything worth hard work, you need patience and perseverance — skateboarding is no different. I’m now 36, and, as I continue to age, my adventures as a skateboarder will go on. While tricks come and go for the most part, it’s the feeling of smoothly moving through time and space that inspires a skateboarder on. Skateboarding is an extension of play and of that, I shall never tire. 1．Why did the author set foot on a skateboard at first? A．Because he got a skateboard as a birthday gift. B．Because he was interested in the culture of skateboarding. C．Because he was impressed by a stranger’s skateboarding skills. D．Because he wanted a unique means of transportation to go to school, 2．What does the underlined phrase “pored over” in Paragraph 2 mean? A．Warmly welcomed. B．Highly praised. C．Fully expected. D．Carefully studied. 3．What are the most important factors in having extraordinary skateboard skills according to the text? A．Confidence and courage. B．Devotion and continuous effort. C．Information and experience. D．Talent and social skills. 4．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．Why I Love Skateboarding B．How I Learnt Skateboarding C．Who Inspired Me to Skateboard D．What I Learn from Skateboarding Passage 2 （24-25高二上·重庆荣昌·期中） Tina Leverton was 62 when she bought her first pair of ballet shoes. She said putting her feet into the soft leather was very emotional. She said: “I’ve waited a long time for it.” A few days later, Leverton took her first ballet class after seeing an advertisement in a newspaper. It showed older women dancing in a class near Leverton’s house. “As I came in the door, I found a big smile on my face. From the minute I started, I felt like coming home.” Leverton had longed to dance as a child. Sadly, her parents couldn’t afford ballet classes, for they were first-generation Indian immigrants, struggling to make a living in the UK. Her father was a train driver on the underground in London and her mother held two cleaning jobs. Nonetheless, she harboured her dream of being a ballerina (芭蕾舞女演员). At her present age, a grand plie-lowering to the floor with bent knees-seemed to be out of the question. It took her three months to master the move: leaping and landing on one foot. ” I love the struggle and the challenge of learning something new. People in their 60s have a lot of self-limiting beliefs: ‘I can’t do it,’ ‘I’m not good enough.’ And maybe they’re not good enough. But it doesn’t matter,” she said. Ballet has been transformative. At a medical appointment a few months after Leverton’s first class, a nurse measured her at 163cm, half an inch taller than she had thought. She attributes (归因) the difference to improved posture. Her muscle tone has improved and her lower back pain has stopped. Dancing has also brought new friends. She met a group of older, more independent women and worked together towards a team award with the Royal Academy of Dance. And then, of course, there is the joyful feeling. “Ballet is all the therapy (治疗) I’ll ever need,” said Leverton. 5．How did Leverton feel after taking her dance lesson? A．Tired. B．Confused. C．Shocked. D．Thrilled. 6．Why didn’t Leverton learn to dance she was young? A．Her family was badly off. B．She wasn’t able to leap high. C．Her family laughed at her dream. D．She had to focus on classes. 7．What did dancing bring to Leverton? A．A team award. B．Money and fame. C．Friendship and joy. D．A medical treatment. 8．What can we learn from Leverton’s story? A．Hard work pays off. B．Never too old to pursue dreams. C．Interest is the key to success. D．Money isn’t everything. Passage 3 （24-25高二上·上海·期中） Last October I was on a diving holiday in the Philippines with seven other advanced divers. I dived off the boat slowly sinking to about 20m. After nearly 45 minutes, the sound of my breathing was drowned out by a low rumble like an engine and I felt deep powerful vibrations (震动) as if a big boat was passing overhead. The instructor and I both swam next to each other, staying close to the side of the reef (礁石), because the situation felt extremely sinister. Then the vibration became so intense that I could feel it in my bones and then the sound turned into a deafening roar. Suddenly, a few meters below us, breaks began forming and the sand was sucked down. That’s when I got what it was. The noise was the sound of the earth splintering open and grinding against itself. The instructor and I held hands and looked into each other’s eyes, and I felt comforted by his presence. My body went on high alert, ready to react. But I had no power over whatever this was. The only option was to stay very still and let it do whatever it’s going to do. It took enormous willpower to resist the urge to swim to the surface, which was not sensible as the situation on the surface at that time was ambiguous with potential threats pending. Soon we saw other divers. The sound and vibration lasted only two or three minutes. We all held hands to avoid decompression sickness, which can be fatal. When up, it was a huge relief to see all the divers safe. Back on the boat, we rushed to check the news and discovered we had witnessed a huge earthquake, measuring 7.2 on the Richter scale. It released more energy than 30 Hiroshima bombs, though it seemed that we were not at the epicenter (震中). I was high and felt extremely lucky not because of my recent survival miracle, but to have experienced nature at its most stunning and its most frightening moment. 9．The underlined word in the second paragraph is closest in meaning to ______. A．dangerous B．urgent C．confusing D．harmonious 10．Why didn’t the author rise to the surface before the vibration stopped? A．Because the he was very afraid of big waves. B．Because he had lost all the strengths to swim. C．Because he could sense the unclear water situation. D．Because he tried to avoid unexpected danger above. 11．Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage? A．At the beginning of the event, a big boat passed by causing big vibration. B．All the divers used the reef as the protection against the violent vibration. C．I felt relieved as the instructor was experienced in handling situations like this. D．Powerless to fight nature, all the divers tried to cooperate and help each other. 12．Why did the author feel fortunate on the boat? A．Because he was not at the epicenter of the earthquake. B．Because he finally survived a huge earthquake. C．Because he could witness a rare natural phenomenon. D．Because he didn’t suffer from decompression sickness. 主题03 人与自然——自然生态与环境保护 Passage 1 （23-24高一上·福建宁德·期中） Firstly, Mohiuddin was looking at global environmental issues with the hope of finding one that his entrepreneurial (企业家的) spirit could deal with. He would finally focus on plastic use, the overreliance on it in society, and the dangers of plastic pollution in the form of microplastic particles (颗粒). In particular, he wanted to find an alternative to one of the most common plastic products used today: the plastic shopping bag. According to The Better India, he started studying a biodegradable polymer (生物可降解聚合物) that was first formed and researched in the 1980s called PBAT. At the time, it was made with corn and potatoes. After identifying a suitable class of machinery to produce the PBAT bags in Gujarat, his speech on PBAT received nearly $100,000 in seed funding that allowed him to start the project. “I tried to balance both my studies and the operations of the company — from collecting raw material, helping workers to produce bags, to delivering the products in the market,” Mohiuddin told The Better India. “I used to sleep in a corner in the factory.” Overcoming bankruptcy (破产), university studies, and long-term unfinished orders, Mohiuddin’s startup company finally started to make profits, and today produces almost 500,000 bags per year, with a total revenue of $ 180,000. “I am glad I am able to contribute my part. Not having a normal college life can be tiring sometimes, but in the end, it is all worth it. I feel content when I go back to sleep. But much more needs to be done to make India plastic-free, and I will continue to strive for it,” he adds. 1．What is the primary focus of Mohiuddin’s entrepreneurial efforts? A．To develop replacements to plastic shopping bags. B．To improve traditional plastic products. C．To promote the use of corn in producing. D．To lengthen the use of plastic shopping bags. 2．What was the result of Mohiuddin’s speech on PBAT? A．He received a sum of money for his studies. B．He gained the fund to start his project. C．He got to know many investors. D．He decided to put off the project. 3．What can be inferred about Mohiuddin from paragraph 3? A．He solved many kinds of environmental issues. B．He was willing to lose personal comfort for his goals. C．He considered learning more important than business. D．He sought advice from experts for developing his business. 4．How does Mohiuddin feel about the progress he has made? A．Confused. B．Regretful. C．Satisfied. D．Challenged. Passage 2 （23-24高一上·四川绵阳·期中） Lila’s family owned a small farm on the edge of Greenpine Forest. For generations, the forest had kept their land fertile: its trees held the soil in place, and birds ate pests that would have destroyed crops. But last year, everything changed. A mysterious disease killed the pine trees, and with them, the birds vanished. Soon, bugs swarmed the farm, eating the corn and wheat. “We’ll have to use chemical pesticides,” Lila’s dad said, showing her a bottle labeled “Toxic—Use With Care.” Lila, 17, hated the idea. She’d read that pesticides kill bees and other helpful insects too. “What if there’s another way?” she asked her biology teacher, who suggested she research “natural pest control.” Lila spent weekends in the remaining forest, observing. She noticed that oak trees, which hadn’t been affected by the disease, were home to ladybugs—a bug that eats aphids, the pest destroying their crops. She also found that marigold flowers, which grew wild in the forest, repelled beetles. She convinced her dad to let her try an experiment. They planted marigolds around the farm and built small wooden houses for ladybugs. At first, the bugs kept coming, and Lila’s dad groaned. But after a month, the aphid population dropped. By summer, the ladybugs had multiplied, and the marigolds were in full bloom—no pesticides needed. Other farmers noticed. “How did you do it?” they asked. Lila led workshops, teaching them to work with the forest’s natural helpers instead of against them. A year later, Greenpine Forest was slowly recovering, and the farms thrived. “The forest was trying to help us all along,” Lila smiled. 5.Why did pests swarm Lila’s farm? A. The family stopped using pesticides. B. The pine trees (and the birds that ate pests) died. C. Lila planted marigolds that attracted bugs. D. The soil became infertile due to overfarming. 6.What was Lila’s “natural pest control” method? A. She used chemical pesticides secretly. B. She planted oak trees to attract birds. C. She introduced ladybugs and planted marigolds. D. She asked other farmers to help catch pests. 7.The underlined word “repelled” in Paragraph 3 probably means ______. A. attracted and killed B. scared away C. fed on D. helped grow 8.What does the story suggest about nature? A. It is fragile and easily destroyed by humans. B. It contains its own solutions to balance ecosystems. C. It needs chemicals to stay healthy. D. It is separate from human farms and communities. Passage 3 （24-25高一上·山东烟台·期中） Jake’s grandfather had warned him: “The forest keeps us alive—treat it badly, and it will bite back.” But 17-year-old Jake hadn’t listened. He and his friends often built bonfires in the woods, leaving trash behind, and laughed at the old man’s words. That was until last year’s flood. Heavy rains had hit their mountain town, but no one expected the mudslide that buried two houses. “The forest used to hold the soil together,” Grandpa said, pointing to the bare hillside where loggers had cut down trees. “Without roots to anchor the earth, the rain washes everything away.” Jake felt guilty. He’d seen the stumps and the exposed dirt but never thought it mattered. Determined to make amends, he joined the town’s reforestation program. Every weekend, he and other volunteers planted saplings—oak, pine, and maple—each with a protective bamboo guard to keep deer away. At first, it was tough. The soil was poor, and many saplings wilted. “It takes years,” the program leader said. “Trees don’t grow overnight.” Jake persisted, even when his friends called him “tree hugger.” He learned to water the saplings during dry spells and remove invasive weeds that choked them. Two years later, Jake stood on the hillside. The saplings were waist-high, their leaves rustling in the wind. Last month’s rains had been heavy, but no mudslides came. Grandpa clapped him on the back: “The forest is starting to breathe again.” Jake smiled, finally understanding—healing nature takes patience, but it’s always worth it. 9.What caused the mudslide in Jake’s town? A. Jake and his friends built too many bonfires. B. Loggers cut down trees, leaving soil unprotected. C. Heavy rains washed away all the saplings. D. Deer ate the roots of the trees on the hillside. 10.How did Jake try to fix the problem? A. He stopped his friends from building bonfires. B. He planted new trees through a reforestation program. C. He moved the buried houses to a safer place. D. He asked loggers to stop cutting down trees. 11.The underlined word “persisted” in Paragraph 4 probably means ______. A. gave up easily B. complained loudly C. continued despite difficulties D. argued with others 12.What can we learn from Jake’s experience? A. Young people should always listen to their grandparents. B. Reforestation is the only way to prevent mudslides. C. Healing damaged nature requires time and effort. D. Logging should be banned in all mountain towns. / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 专题03 阅读理解 记叙文 主题01 人与自然——自然生态与环境保护 Passage 1 （24-25高二上·山东·期中） I first realized that plastic was a serious matter for our planet during my travel in Western Australia. One day about 12 years ago, I stopped at a supermarket along the Coral Bay coast ta buy some groceries. But the lady at the counter told me that the supermarket didn’t sell any shopping bags to prevent plastic in the ocean and help preserve the endangered turtles(海龟) living in that area. After a first reaction of surprise, I gathered all purchases in my arms and left, reflecting on what I had been told. The experience in that trip made me more conscious about my impact and pushed me to adopt various habits to travel and live more sustainably. For example, I always carried a cotton bag when I went shopping. My travel to Indonesia was another life-changing experience that strengthened my determination to turn to a zero-waste lifestyle. In Indonesia, finding safe drinkable water was always a challenge, so I traveled with my water bottle, managing to avoid almost entirely the use of plastic during my trip. However, I was seriously struck by my stay on the Libaran Island, where a sustainable and turtle conservation project was launched 10 years ago. Despite the big efforts by the project staff and the community in cleaning up the beaches and creatively reusing plastic, the shore was washed daily with tons of plastic coming from the tides. Walking on a carpet of plastic that almost prevented me from seeing the beach underneath was quite shocking. Facing this global issue in person, I felt a sense of sadness and anger that soon turned into determination: to do as much as possible to reduce plastic in my life. Sometimes we might feel helpless in front of big problems, but we should be aware that small changes could actually make a difference step by step! 1．How does the author lead in the topic of the text? A．By reflecting on the present life. B．By looking into the future environment. C．By introducing the previous achievements. D．By recalling the past shopping experience. 2．What did the author decide to do after the trip about 12 years ago? A．Cut back on travel. B．Shop less frequently. C．Lead a green life. D．Rurify drinking water 3．What do we know about the project in paragraph 4? A．It had no clear goal. B．It didn’t work out very well. C．It met the islanders’ needs. D．It was aimed to prevent turtle attacks. 4．What does the author think of the plastic problem? A．It is demanding B．It is manageable. C．It is easy to solve. D．It’s lacking in attention. 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．B 4．B 【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，主要讲述了作者从自己的亲身经历中意识到了塑料对地球的严重影响，并下定决心在生活中努力减少塑料，作者相信小小的改变也能产生大的影响。 1．推理判断题。根据第一段首句“I first realized that plastic was a serious matter for our planet during my travel in Western Australia.(我在西澳大利亚旅行时第一次意识到塑料对我们的星球来说是一个严重的问题。)”和下文举例可知，第一段首先讲述了作者在西澳大利亚旅行时意识到了塑料的严重性，并具体描述了作者购物时的经历，由此可推测出，作者通过介绍过去的一个经历来引出了本文主题。故选D。 2．推理判断题。根据第二段中的“The experience in that trip made me more conscious about my impact and pushed me to adopt various habits to travel and live more sustainably.(那次旅行的经历让我更加意识到自己的影响，并促使我养成各种习惯，以更可持续的方式旅行和生活。)”可知，那次旅行促使作者养成可持续旅行和生活的习惯，由此可推测出，作者决定过绿色生活。故选C。 3．推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Despite the big efforts by the project staff and the community in cleaning up the beaches and creatively reusing plastic, the shore was washed daily with tons of plastic coming from the tides. Walking on a carpet of plastic that almost prevented me from seeing the beach underneath was quite shocking.(尽管项目工作人员和社区在清理海滩和创造性地重复使用塑料方面做出了巨大努力，但海岸每天都会被成吨的塑料冲刷，这些塑料来自潮汐。走在塑料地毯上，差点让我看不到下面的海滩，这真是太令人震惊了。)”可知，海岸每天都被冲来大量塑料，覆盖住了海滩，由此可推测出，这个计划进展得并不顺利。故选B。 4．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Facing this global issue in person, I felt a sense of sadness and anger that soon turned into determination: to do as much as possible to reduce plastic in my life. Sometimes we might feel helpless in front of big problems, but we should be aware that small changes could actually make a difference step by step!(亲身面对这个全球性的问题，我感到悲伤和愤怒的感觉很快变成了决心：尽可能多地减少我生活中的塑料。有时候，面对大问题，我们可能会感到无助，但我们应该意识到，微小的改变实际上可以一步一步地产生影响！)”可知，面对塑料问题，作者决定尽可能多地减少自己生活中的塑料，而且作者相信微小的改变也可以产生影响。由此可推测出，作者认为塑料问题是可以应对的。故选B。 Passage 2 （24-25高二上·广东珠海·期中） Mallory Haske surfs nearly every day in the summer, and it really annoys her to see trash in the water or on the beach. So when her high school English teacher assigned a passion project, Haske came up with a creative idea that connected surfing and trash. She collected litter on the beach and used it to create a surf board in an effort to raise awareness about ocean pollution. “The feeling of catching a wave is fantastic. It’s such a mental release,” said Haske, standing on the beach waxing(上蜡) her newly finished trash board. “I really hope it floats.” Her teacher assigned the project months ago and was surprised to see how Haske’s enthusiasm about it grew throughout the school year. “Not every student found her passion, but she did,” said the teacher. “I’m super proud of her.” Over the winter, Haske, who would graduate soon, collected litter including cigarette butts, bottle caps, fast-food containers and masks along the resort area beach. “It was definitely a unique challenge,”Haske said. She landed a sponsor and raised money from friends to create the surf board, which cost about $1,000. Haske took custom orders and helped people build their own surf boards. Making one out of trash was a first for her. Nearly the entire board was made from recycled material and litter. On Tuesday after school, Haske went out and attempted to ride a wave on her new board, but the mostly flat conditions made it difficult. The nose of the surfboard made by herself kept going under the water, but Haske stayed upbeat. “It’s pretty heavy up front, but it’s going to be my best friend,” Haske said after coming out of the water. “It’s made for large waves.” 5．Why did Haske make the surf board? A．To put trash to the best use. B．To take a surfing competition. C．To pursue her passion for surfing. D．To draw attention to ocean pollution. 6．Which of the following can best describe Haske? A．Proud and reliable. B．Responsible and innovative. C．Tough and faithful. D．Imaginative and desperate. 7．How did Haske make the surfboard? A．With the help of environmentalists. B．By cooperating with her parents. C．By using the trash collected from the beach. D．Under the guidance of her teacher. 8．What does the underlined word “upbeat”in the last paragraph probably mean? A．Optimistic. B．Cautious. C．Peaceful. D．Discouraged. 【答案】5．D 6．B 7．C 8．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Mallory Haske利用海边捡的垃圾来制作冲浪板，并借此提醒人们注意保护环境的故事。 5．细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“She collected litter on the beach and used it to create a surf board in an effort to raise awareness about ocean pollution. (她收集了海滩上的垃圾，并用它制作了一个冲浪板，以提高人们对海洋污染的认识。)”可知，Haske 制作冲浪板是因为她想以此来提高人们保护海洋的意识。故选D项。 6．推理判断题。通读全文，尤其第一段中“So when her high school English teacher assigned a passion project, Haske came up with a creative idea that connected surfing and trash. (因此，当她的高中英语老师布置了一个充满激情的项目时，哈斯克想出了一个创造性的想法，将冲浪和垃圾联系在一起。)”以及第二段第一句“She collected litter on the beach and used it to create a surf board in an effort to raise awareness about ocean pollution. (她收集了海滩上的垃圾，并用它制作了一个冲浪板，以提高人们对海洋污染的认识。)”可知，Haske注意海洋环境保护，是一个有责任心的人，用垃圾制作冲浪板说明有创意。故选B项。 7．细节理解题。根据第四段第一句“Over the winter, Haske, who would graduate soon, collected litter including cigarette butts, bottle caps, fast-food containers and masks along the resort area beach. (整个冬天，即将毕业的哈斯克在度假区的海滩上收集垃圾，包括烟头、瓶盖、快餐容器和口罩。)”和第五段最后一句“Nearly the entire board is made from recycled material and litter. (几乎整个板子都是由回收材料和垃圾制成的)”可知，Haske的冲浪板是由她在海边捡到的垃圾制作成的。故选C项。 8．词句猜测题。通过画线词的前半句“The nose of the surfboard made by herself kept going under the water, but Haske stayed upbeat. ‘It’s pretty heavy up front, but it’s going to be my best friend,’ Haske said after coming out of the water. ‘It’s made for large waves.’ (她自己做的冲浪板的前端一直在水下，但哈斯克保持upbeat。哈斯克从水里出来后说：‘它在前面很沉，但它将成为我最好的朋友。它是为大浪而造的。’)”可知，虽然冲浪板不太好用，前端无法翘出水面，但Haske依旧很喜欢这块板，认为它适合大浪时的冲浪，upbeat应与upbeat意思相近，表示“乐观的，积极的”。故选A项。 Passage 3 （24-25高二上·江西南昌·期中） When John Todd was a child, he loved to explore the woods around his house, observing how nature solved problems. A dirty stream, for example, often became clear after flowing through plants and along rocks where tiny creatures lived. When he got older, John started to wonder if this process could be used to clean up the messes people were making. After studying agriculture, medicine, and fisheries in college, John went back to observing nature and asking questions. Why can certain plants trap harmful bacteria (细菌)? Which kinds of fish can eat cancer-causing chemicals? With the right combination of animals and plants, he figured, maybe he could clean up waste the way nature did. He decided to build what he would later call an eco-machine. The task John set for himself was to remove harmful substances from some sludge (污泥). First, he constructed a series of clear fiberglass tanks connected to each other. Then he went around to local ponds and streams and brought back some plants and animals. He placed them in the tanks and waited. Little by little, these different kinds of life got used to one another and formed their own ecosystem. After a few weeks, John added the sludge. He was amazed at the results. The plants and animals in the eco-machine took the sludge as food and began to eat it! Within weeks, it had all been digested, and all that was left was pure water. Over the years, John has taken on many big jobs. He developed a greenhouse — like facility that treated sewage (污水) from 1,600 homes in South Burlington. He also designed an eco-machine to clean canal water in Fuzhou, a city in southeast China. “Ecological design” is the name John gives to what he does. “Life on Earth is kind of a box of spare parts for the inventor,” he says. “You put organisms in new relationships and observe what’s happening. Then you let these new systems develop their own ways to self-repair.” 9．What can we learn about John from the first two paragraphs? A．He was fond of traveling. B．He enjoyed being alone. C．He had an inquiring mind. D．He longed to be a doctor. 10．Why did John put the sludge into the tanks? A．To feed the animals. B．To build an ecosystem. C．To protect the plants. D．To test the eco-machine. 11．What is the author’s purpose in mentioning Fuzhou? A．To review John’s research plans. B．To show an application of John’s idea. C．To compare John’s different jobs. D．To erase doubts about John’s invention. 12．What is the basis for John’s work? A．Nature can repair itself. B．Organisms need water to survive. C．Life on Earth is diverse. D．Most tiny creatures live in groups. 【答案】9．C 10．D 11．B 12．A 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了John Todd从小就很爱思考且好学，他建造了一个生态机器，利用自然可以自我修复的原理来净化污水。 9．细节理解题。根据第一段“When John Todd was a child, he loved to explore the woods around his house, observing how nature solved problems. A dirty stream, for example, often became clear after flowing through plants and along rocks where tiny creatures lived. When he got older, John started to wonder if this process could be used to clean up the messes people were making. (当约翰·托德还是个孩子的时候，他喜欢探索房子周围的树林，观察大自然是如何解决问题的。例如，一条肮脏的小溪流经植物和微小生物居住的岩石后，往往会变得清澈。长大后，约翰开始思考这个过程是否可以用来清理人们制造的混乱)”以及第二段“After studying agriculture, medicine, and fisheries in college, John went back to observing nature and asking questions. Why can certain plants trap harmful bacteria (细菌)? Which kinds of fish can eat cancer-causing chemicals? (在大学学习了农业、医学和渔业之后，约翰又回到了观察自然和提出问题的生活中。为什么某些植物能捕获有害细菌？哪些鱼类会食用致癌化学物质？)”可知，约翰聪颖好学、好奇心很强。故选C。 10．细节理解题。根据第三段“After a few weeks, John added the sludge. (几个星期后，约翰把污泥加了进去)”以及倒数第三段“He was amazed at the results. The plants and animals in the eco-machine took the sludge as food and began to eat it! Within weeks, it had all been digested, and all that was left was pure water. (他对结果感到惊讶。生态机器里的动植物把污泥当成了食物，开始吃了起来！几周之内，它就被消化了，只剩下纯净水)”可知，约翰把污泥放进罐子里是为了测试生态机器。故选D。 11．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Over the years, John has taken on many big jobs. He developed a greenhouse — like facility that treated sewage (污水) from 1,600 homes in South Burlington. He also designed an eco-machine to clean canal water in Fuzhou, a city in southeast China. (这些年来，约翰承担了许多重大工作。他开发了一个类似温室的设施，可以处理来自南伯灵顿1600户家庭的污水。他还设计了一种生态机器来清洁中国东南部城市福州的运河水)”可推知，作者提到福州的目的是展示约翰想法的应用。故选B。 12．推理判断题。根据最后一段“You put organisms in new relationships and observe what’s happening. Then you let these new systems develop their own ways to self-repair. (你把生物体放在新的关系中，观察会发生什么。然后让这些新系统自行发展自我修复的方式)”可知，约翰工作的基础是自然可以自我修复。故选A。 主题02 人与自我——成长蜕变与人际沟通 Passage 1 （24-25高二上·北京延庆·期中）Jim Thorpe is one of the successful athletes of all time. He had amazing athletic abilities and was well-known during his lifetime, yet that did not make Thorpe a stranger to adversity (逆境). Thorpe was an American Indian from Oklahoma who developed his extraordinary skills in his youth through hard labor. It was also in his youth that he learned to endure hardship brought upon by racial prejudice (偏见). Many would say his childhood was not easy. He grew up poor and at age 9 his twin brother passed away and a few years later he lost both of his parents. But that did not stop him from doing what he loved and pursuing his dreams. Nothing seemed to stop him, not even stolen shoes. Just hours before Thorpe was going to compete in the Olympics, somebody stole his shoes. Thorpe improvised (临时拼凑) by getting shoes out of garbage. The shoes were two different sizes. He wore an extra pair of socks on one foot to even them out. He still went on to win two gold medals-winning each event he competed in except for one, the javelin (标枪). The javelin was the only event he didn’t win, probably because he had never competed in that event before. It is interesting to note that Thorpe had tried to throw the javelin once before in the Olympic trials. At the time, he didn’t know that he could throw it with a running start. He threw it standing still and was placed second. I think Paul Dughi said it best, “It’s hard to imagine that now professional athletes get paid millions of dollars just to wear a particular brand of shoes. For Jim Thorpe, it didn’t matter what kind he wore.” 1．What do we know about Thorpe? A．He gained athletic skills through hard training. B．His success was no guarantee of a better life. C．His career brought him both gains and losses. D．He suffered many hardships throughout his life. 2．What most likely led to Thorpe’s failure to win the javelin? A．Loss of his own sports shoes. B．A carefree attitude toward the event C．Lack of experience in the event. D．A shortage of talent for the sport 3．Which of the following words can best describe Jim Thorpe? A．Loyal and enthusiastic B．Tough and determined C．Disciplined and ambitious D．Confident and committed 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了著名运动员索普（Jim Thorpe）的传奇人生，他克服了贫困、种族歧视等重重困难，在奥运会上取得了辉煌成就，展现了坚韧不拔的精神和对梦想的执着追求。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段中“He grew up poor and at age 9 his twin brother passed away and a few years later he lost both of his parents. (他在贫困中长大，9岁时双胞胎兄弟去世，几年后他又失去了双亲。)”以及第三段中“Just hours before Thorpe was going to compete in the Olympics, somebody stole his shoes. (就在索普即将参加奥运会的几个小时前，有人偷走了他的鞋子。)”可知，索普童年贫困，失去双胞胎兄弟和父母，奥运比赛前还遭遇鞋子被偷，一生经历了许多艰难困苦。故选D项。 2．细节理解题。根据第四段中“The javelin was the only event he didn’t win, probably because he had never competed in that event before. (标枪是他唯一没有获胜的项目，可能是因为他之前从未参加过这个项目。)”可知，索普之所以没有在标枪项目中获胜，很可能是因为他之前从未参加过该项目，即缺乏比赛经验。故选C项。 3．推理判断题。通读全文可知，索普面对童年贫困、家庭变故、种族偏见以及奥运比赛前鞋子被偷等诸多困难，依然坚持追求梦想并在奥运会上取得成功，这些体现出了他的坚韧（Tough）和坚定（determined）。故选B项。 Passage 2 （24-25高二上·浙江宁波·期中） The view from the top was breathtaking. It was 2023 and I had just climbed the Hvannadals Peak in Iceland, almost seven years after becoming paralyzed from the chest down after a climbing fall. My two teammates and I were on our way to becoming the first all-disabled team to cross Europe’s largest ice cap, the mighty Vatnajökull glacier, unsupported and unassisted. A year before, when Niall McCann first suggested making the 100–mile trip, I was excited by the prospect of returning to this lost world of crevasses (冰裂缝), mountains and ice, but upset and anxious about whether I’d struggle. Back then, I still would have given anything for my legs to work and to be able to walk again. But I was eager for adventure and signed on to do the trip with McCann, who had broken his back when paragliding, and EdJackson, a former professional rugby player who had broken his neck in 2017. This was going to be the toughest challenge of my life. And yet, with each drive of my poles into the snow, I pushed myself further from civilization — and closer to the man I’d once been. My mind drifted to the last time I was on a mountain before my accident, climbing Monte Rosa in the Italian Alps and feeling the addictive mixture of excitement and trepidation. Those same emotions returned as we battled through powerful storms and hidden crevasses before we reached the ice cap’s highest point. I was at the top when I was hit by an unexpected wave of emotion. I realized that, despite all that I had been through — all the challenges and setbacks I had faced — if someone asked me if I wanted my legs back, I would have said no. That moment affected every aspect of my life and the way I perceived my disability. No longer did I consider myself disabled or injured, because, if I could reach the summit of a remote ice cap, I could overcome the frustrations and setbacks of day-to-day life with resilience and persistence. Yes, I do still have a life-changing injury — but, for me, it’s been for the better. 4．What can you know about the team? A．It got assistance from an organization. B．Its members all had a form of disability. C．It followed the steps of a similar previous team. D．It consisted of people paralyzed down the chest. 5．What might have really caused the writer to hesitate about the trip? A．His paralyzed legs. B．Fear of potential danger. C．The lost world of ice. D．Lack of proper equipment. 6．What’s does the underlined word “trepidation” in paragraph 4 probably mean? A．Fear. B．Bravery. C．Happiness. D．Disappointment. 7．What did the writer think of his injury after he made it to the top? A．It left him nothing but all setbacks. B．It caused his unexpected bad emotion. C．He wouldn’t know his potential otherwise. D．He was tortured by the frustrations it caused. 【答案】4．B 5．A 6．A 7．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作为在攀岩坠落后胸部以下瘫痪的登山爱好者，作者与两位同样身有残疾的队友挑战欧洲最大冰盖——瓦特纳冰川的壮举。 4．细节理解题。根据第一段“My two teammates and I were on our way to becoming the first all-disabled team to cross Europe’s largest ice cap, the mighty Vatnajökull   glacier, unsupported and unassisted.(我和我的两名队友正在成为第一支在无人支持的情况下穿越欧洲大冰盖——强大的瓦特纳冰川的全残疾人队伍)”以及第二段“But I was eager for adventure and signed on to do the trip with McCann, who had broken his back when paragliding, and EdJackson, a former professional rugby player who had broken his neck in 2017.(但我渴望冒险，并与在滑翔伞时摔断背部的麦肯和在2017年摔断脖子的前职业橄榄球运动员埃德·杰克逊签约进行这次旅行)”可知，这支队伍的成员都有某种形式的残疾。故选B项。 5．细节理解题。根据第一段“It was 2023 and I had just climbed the Hvannadals Peak in Iceland, almost seven years after becoming paralyzed from the chest down after a climbing fall.(那是2023年，我刚刚爬上冰岛的Hvannadals峰，在一次攀爬摔倒后胸部以下瘫痪了将近七年)”以及第二段“A year before, when Niall McCann first suggested making the 100–mile trip, I was excited by the prospect of returning to this lost world of crevasses (冰裂缝), mountains and ice, but upset and anxious about whether I’d struggle.(一年前，当尼尔·麦肯第一次建议进行100英里的旅行时，我对重返这个由裂缝、山脉和冰组成的失落世界的前景感到兴奋，但对自己是否会挣扎感到沮丧和焦虑)”可知，由于作者胸部以下瘫痪，所以作者感到焦虑，对这次旅行犹豫不决。故选A项。 6．词句猜测题。根据第四段“My mind drifted to the last time I was on a mountain before my accident, climbing Monte Rosa in the Italian Alps and feeling the addictive mixture of excitement and trepidation. Those same emotions returned as we battled through powerful storms and hidden crevasses before we reached the ice cap’s highest point.(我的思绪飘到了事故发生前我最后一次在山上，爬上意大利阿尔卑斯山的罗莎山，感受到兴奋和trepidation的混合。当我们在到达冰盖的最高点之前，经历了强大的风暴和隐藏的裂缝，同样的情绪又回来了)”可知，作者想到自己事故发生前最后一次在山上感受的情绪，作者经历了强大的风暴和隐藏的裂缝，出现了同样的情绪，推测作者的感受是既兴奋又恐惧的，划线单词表示“恐惧”，与fear意义相近。故选A项。 7．推理判断题。根据最后一段“That moment affected every aspect of my life and the way I perceived my disability. No longer did I consider myself disabled or injured, because, if I could reach the summit of a remote ice cap, I could overcome the frustrations and setbacks of day-to-day life with resilience and persistence.(那一刻影响了我生活的方方面面，也影响了我对残疾的看法。我不再认为自己残疾或受伤，因为如果我能登上遥远的冰盖顶峰，我就能以坚韧和毅力克服日常生活中的沮丧和挫折)”可知，登上顶峰后，作者意识到如果不是因为这次受伤，自己就不会认识到自己能够以韧性及坚持克服日常生活中的挫折。故选C项。 Passage 3 （23-24高二上·山东青岛·期中） Being a writer in the 21st century can keep you in front of a screen for so long that it feels like the room is sideways. Being a human with the Internet can mean hours spent on social media, scrolling and posting for so long that your sense of reality actually becomes sideways. Three years ago, I started to search for ways to deal with my anxiety. I had a brilliant idea, one that felt completely foreign to people like me: I’d go outside, to the real outside. I grew up in the city, not hiking or camping, so I knew nothing about the outdoors. I have three kids with endless energy, so I figured I could solve two questions at once. I would get a breather from my job and the kids would play with insects and realize there is nothing better than nature. We drove to Great Falls, Virginia, where hundreds of people on any given day spent hours meandering through the hillside and forest. The blue water pulsed, turning white and crashing powerfully hundreds of feet beneath us. The kids held their breath as if they had seen magics. But it’s just nature, just the outside, and that had been there all along. Since then, we’ve been fascinated. Last summer I felt my home’s walls closing in, so I decided to go camping. I built my first fire. My kids watched my every move, asking every ten minutes to help get more branches and roast meat. About a month, my craving to take a break from the city grew again. We camped two more times before the cold came, each time seeing a bit more of what nature had to offer city folks. 8．Why did the author decide to go outside three years ago? A．Because he was interested in nature. B．Because he hoped to reduce anxiety. C．Because he fell in love with camping. D．Because he was eager for the outdoors. 9．What does the author want his kids to do? A．Enjoy the beauty of nature. B．Stay away from social media. C．Learn to protect themselves. D．Choose to do what they are fond of. 10．How did the kids feel about the tour to Great Falls? A．Tired. B．Scared. C．Bored. D．Excited. 11．What does the underlined word “craving” in the last paragraph mean? A．Memory. B．Chance. C．Desire. D．Ability. 【答案】8．B 9．A 10．D 11．C 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者三年前为了减少焦虑，选择走向户外。从此爱上了亲近大自然，还培养孩子一切享受自然之美。 8．细节理解题。根据第一段“Three years ago, I started to search for ways to deal with my anxiety. I had a brilliant idea, one that felt completely foreign to people like me: I’d go outside, to the real outside.(三年前，我开始寻找解决焦虑的方法。我有一个绝妙的主意，一个对我这样的人来说完全陌生的主意：我要到外面去，到真正的外面去)”可知，作者在三年前决定走出去是因为他希望减少焦虑。故选B。 9．细节理解题。根据第二段“I would get a breather from my job and the kids would play with insects and realize there is nothing better than nature.(我可以从工作中喘口气，孩子们可以和昆虫一起玩耍，意识到没有什么比大自然更好的了)”可知，作者希望他的孩子们享受自然之美。故选A。 10．推理判断题。根据第三段“We drove to Great Falls, Virginia, where hundreds of people on any given day spent hours meandering through the hillside and forest. The blue water pulsed, turning white and crashing powerfully hundreds of feet beneath us. The kids held their breath as if they had seen magics.(我们开车去了维吉尼亚州的大瀑布镇，在那里，每天都有数百人在山坡和森林里漫步数小时。蓝色的海水在我们下面几百英尺处跳动，变成白色，猛烈地撞击着。孩子们屏住呼吸，仿佛看到了魔法)”可推知，孩子们对大瀑布之旅感到兴奋。故选D。 11．词句猜测题。根据划线词后文“to take a break from the city grew again”以及“We camped two more times before the cold came, each time seeing a bit more of what nature had to offer city folks.(在寒冷来临之前，我们又露营了两次，每次都能看到大自然给城市人提供的更多东西)”可知，后文提到他们又去露营了两次，说明渴望离开城市，休息一下。故划线词意思是“渴望”。故选C。 主题03 人与社会——社区发展与社会公益 Passage 1 （24-25高二上·湖南长沙·期中） Last year, I learned that there was a house for homeless children in our city. The children there had no parents and they had very few possessions (财物). I wanted to do something for them. I filled backpacks with things like books, toys, and pens, and gave them to the house for homeless children. I wanted to let the children have a good day and to make them smile! I called the project Backpack Smiles. I got some good feedback (反馈) on the project. Then I told a local volunteer group about what I did. Now, we are giving more backpacks to homeless children in our town, and we hope more people can do the same in their own town. Would you like to do this? Here are the steps: First, call a house for homeless children to see what the kids there might need. Then invite your friends to help them by filling backpacks with some useful or fun things for the kids. Then ask a parent to help you send the backpacks to the house. What you do will help a lot. 1．Who did the writer want to help? A．A volunteer group. B．Homeless children. C．The writer’s classmates. D．The writer’s parents. 2．What is the name of the writer’s project? A．Homeless Children’s Backpacks. B．Backpack Smiles. C．Smile Project. D．Backpack Project. 3．How did the writer let the children have a good day? A．By sending them some money. B．By finding a house for them. C．By giving them things like books and pens. D．By offering them food and drinks. 4．Why did the writer talk with the volunteer group? A．He hoped more volunteers could help the children. B．He wanted to show them what he did. C．He hoped his classmates could help the children. D．He wanted the volunteers to give him some backpacks. 5．What does the last paragraph mainly talk about? A．How to help homeless children. B．What homeless children want. C．What you can give to homeless children. D．How to ask your parents to help you. 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．C 4．A 5．A 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者得知所在城市有一所收留无家可归孩子的房子，孩子们没有父母且财物很少，作者想为他们做点事，于是发起了“背包微笑”项目，给孩子们送装满物品的背包，还告知了当地志愿者组织并希望更多人参与，最后介绍了帮助无家可归孩子的步骤。 1．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Last year, I learned that there was a house for homeless children in our city. The children there had no parents and they had very few possessions (财物). I wanted to do something for them.(去年，我得知我们城市有一所收留无家可归儿童的房子。那里的孩子们没有父母，他们拥有的财物也很少。我想为他们做点什么)”可知，作者得知有这样一群无家可归的孩子后，想要为他们做些事情，所以作者想要帮助的是无家可归的孩子。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“I filled backpacks with things like books, toys, and pens, and gave them to the house for homeless children. I wanted to let the children have a good day and to make them smile! I called the project Backpack Smiles.(我在背包里装满了像书、玩具和笔之类的东西，然后把它们送给了收留无家可归儿童的房子。我想让孩子们度过愉快的一天，让他们露出笑容！我把这个项目叫做“背包微笑”)”可知，作者把装满书籍、玩具和笔等物品的背包送给无家可归的孩子，想让他们开心，并且将这个项目命名为“背包微笑”。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“I filled backpacks with things like books, toys, and pens, and gave them to the house for homeless children. I wanted to let the children have a good day and to make them smile!(我在背包里装满了像书、玩具和笔之类的东西，然后把它们送给了收留无家可归儿童的房子。我想让孩子们度过愉快的一天，让他们露出笑容！)”可知，作者通过把装满像书籍、玩具和笔这样物品的背包送给无家可归的孩子，来让孩子们度过愉快的一天并露出笑容。故选C。 4．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Then I told a local volunteer group about what I did. Now, we are giving more backpacks to homeless children in our town, and we hope more people can do the same in their own town.(然后我把我所做的事情告诉了当地的一个志愿者团体。现在，我们正在给我们镇上更多无家可归的孩子送背包，并且我们希望更多的人能在他们自己的城镇里做同样的事情)”可知，作者告诉当地志愿者组织自己所做的事情后，现在他们给镇上更多无家可归的孩子送背包，并且希望更多人能在自己的城镇做同样的事情，也就是希望更多志愿者能帮助这些孩子。故选A。 5．主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段“Would you like to do this? Here are the steps: First, call a house for homeless children to see what the kids there might need. Then invite your friends to help them by filling backpacks with some useful or fun things for the kids. Then ask a parent to help you send the backpacks to the house. What you do will help a lot.(你想做这件事吗？以下是步骤：首先，给收留无家可归儿童的房子打电话，看看那里的孩子们可能需要什么。然后邀请你的朋友们通过在背包里装满一些对孩子们有用或有趣的东西来帮助他们。然后请一位家长帮你把背包送到那所房子里。你所做的将会有很大的帮助)”可知，最后一段先询问读者是否想做这件事，然后介绍了具体的步骤，包括打电话了解孩子们的需求、邀请朋友准备背包、让父母帮忙送背包等，可推理出最后一段主要讲的是如何帮助无家可归的孩子。故选A。 Passage 2 （24-25高二上·湖南邵阳·期中）Tu Youyou, an 84-year-old woman, was the first Chinese female scientist to be awarded a Nobel Prize for her discovery of the life-saving drug artemisinin (known as qinghaosu) with the help of her team in the 1970s. When standing on the stage, she expressed her sincere gratitude to the Committee for the honour, Tu Youyou said, “This is not only an honour for myself, but also recognition and encouragement for all scientists in China.” As a member of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, she benefited a lot from the experts in the same field by learning Chinese medicine for two and a half years, which helped her master a deep knowledge about traditional practices. Attaching great importance to saving people’s lives from Malaria — a disease that killed millions of people every year, Tu Youyou was chosen to establish a team to find a cure and had an idea that Chinese herbs might be the key after seeing so many unsuccessful experiments conducted by others. She immersed herself in learning ancient Chinese medical literature, visiting experts in traditional Chinese medicine and researching hundreds of traditional recipes connected to anti-malarial cures, getting nothing. Then the thought of using modern research methods to study these Chinese herbs came to her mind. After hundreds of failed experiments due to limited resources and the lack of staff, even the air quality in the laboratory they worked was terrible, they eventually came across a promising chemical. Tu Youyou even bravely volunteered to be the first human subject to see if it was safe for humans. The test turned out to be a success. “From our research experience in discovering artemisinin, we learnt the wisdom behind both Chinese and Western medicine. There is great potential for future advances if these two kinds of wisdom can be fully integrated,”she said. 6．Which of the following statements is correct? A．Tu Youyou discovered artemisinin on her own. B．Tu Youyou spent two years learning Chinese medicine. C．Tu Youyou was the first scientists to be awarded Nobel Prize. D．Tu Youyou gained lots of knowledge from the experts in her field. 7．What is Not included in the reasons why Tu Youyou succeeded in her field? A．Her eagerness for saving people’s lives from Malaria. B．Her desire to be recognized by the whole world. C．The joint effort of the team members. D．Her modest attitude towards learning from others. 8．How did Tu Youyou prove that Chinese herb would be the cure? A．Studying latest Chinese literature. B．Tasting hundreds of Chinese herbs. C．Visiting experts in modern-Chinese medicine. D．Researching a great deal of traditional recipes 9．Which of the following difficulties did Tu Youyou and her team not encounter? A．They were short of staff. B．Their research methods were out-dated. C．The air quality in their laboratory was bad. D．Their resources was limited. 【答案】6．D 7．B 8．D 9．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了中国科学家屠呦呦的发现青蒿素的过程以及她因此获得的荣誉和感悟。 6．细节理解题。根据第二段“As a member of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, she benefited a lot from the experts in the same field by learning Chinese medicine for two and a half years, which helped her master a deep knowledge about traditional practices. (作为中国中医科学院的一员，屠呦呦在学习中医药的两年半时间里，从同一领域的专家那里受益匪浅，这帮助她掌握了深厚的传统知识。)”可知，A选项“屠呦呦从她所在领域的专家那里学到了很多知识。”的表述是正确的。故选D。 7．细节理解题。根据第一段中“Tu Youyou, an 84-year-old woman, was the first Chinese female scientist to be awarded a Nobel Prize for her discovery of the life-saving drug artemisinin (known as qinghaosu) with the help of her team in the 1970s.(84岁的屠呦呦女士是第一位获得诺贝尔奖的中国女科学家，因为她在20世纪70年代在她的团队的帮助下发现了救命药物青蒿素)”以及第三段“Attaching great importance to saving people’s lives from Malaria — a disease that killed millions of people every year, Tu Youyou was chosen to establish a team to find a cure and had an idea that Chinese herbs might be the key after seeing so many unsuccessful experiments conducted by others. She immersed herself in learning ancient Chinese medical literature, visiting experts in traditional Chinese medicine and researching hundreds of traditional recipes connected to anti-malarial cures, getting nothing. (屠呦呦非常重视从疟疾这种每年导致数百万人死亡的疾病中拯救人们的生命，因此被选中组建团队寻找治疗方法。在看到其他人进行的许多不成功的实验后，她认为中草药可能是关键。她潜心学习中国古代医学文献，拜访中医专家，研究数百种与抗疟疾治疗相关的传统配方，但一无所获。)可知，屠呦呦成功的原因包括：团队成员的共同努力、渴望拯救的疟疾的人们的生命、对中国古代医学文献的潜心学习以及向他人学习的谦虚态度。B选项“她渴望得到全世界的认可”不是屠呦呦在她的领域取得成功的原因。故选B。 8．细节理解题。根据第三段的“She immersed herself in learning ancient Chinese medical literature, visiting experts in traditional Chinese medicine and researching hundreds of traditional recipes connected to anti-malarial cures, getting nothing. Then the thought of using modern research methods to study these Chinese herbs came to her mind. (她潜心学习中国古代医学文献，拜访中医专家，研究数百种与抗疟疾治疗相关的传统处方，但一无所获。于是，她想到了用现代研究方法来研究这些中草药。)”可知，屠呦呦通过研究大量传统处方来证明中草药可能是治疗办法。故选D。 9．细节理解题。根据最后一段的“After hundreds of failed experiments due to limited resources and the lack of staff, even the air quality in the laboratory they worked was terrible, they eventually came across a promising chemical. (由于资源有限，人手不足，甚至实验室的空气质量都很糟糕，数百次实验失败后，他们终于发现了一种很有前景的化学物质。)”可知，屠呦呦和团队遇到的困难有：他们人手不足、他们实验室的空气质量很差、他们的资源有限，文中没有提到他们的研究方法已经过时了。故选B。 Passage 3 （24-25高二上·辽宁大连·期中）For many people, barbecues are a chance to enjoy a meal with family and friends. For Stan Hays, however, barbecuing becomes his skill to feed people in need when the disaster happens. The unique effort began in May 2011, when a severe tornado (龙卷风) hit Joplin, about two hours from Hays’ home. His wife asked him to help. So, he put out the word to his partners and headed down with his barbecue. “We thought we’d be there three to four days, serving maybe 5,000 meals,” Hays said. But the need was there, so Hays and over 300 volunteers worked for 11 days to meet the need. It was a life-changing experience for Hays, who had never organized any type of large voluntary effort before. While preparing to head home, he and his friends Will Cleaver and Jeff Stith came to the realization. “A barbecue community is able to respond to disasters like this quickly,” Hays said. “So, before we left, we put together a plan to create the Operation BBQ Relief.” During the last six years, the group has responded to almost 45 disasters across the United States, most recently Hurricanes Harvey and Irma and the wildfires in northern California. More than 6,800 volunteers have joined the effort, and the group often partners with other organizations to serve the meals. “Barbecues are comfort food,” Hays said. “If you just lost your house or a loved one, getting a hot meal would remind you of the barbecues you had in the backyard and make you forget about the bad stuff in your life. That’s worth it to me.” 10．What can we learn from the second paragraph? A．The tornado happened in July 2011. B．Supplies were far from enough for the victims. C．Volunteers couldn’t meet the requirements. D．The need for food was beyond Hays’ expectation. 11．What made Hays create the Operation BBQ Relief? A．His wife’s suggestion. B．His preference for barbecues. C．A voluntary activity in Joplin. D．The high earnings from barbecues. 12．Which of the following words can best describe Hays? A．Warm-hearted. B．Strong-willed. C．Broad-minded. D．Good-tempered. 13．What’s the text mainly about? A．The bright future of barbecues. B．The role of barbecues in voluntary activities. C．An effective approach was used to rescue victims. D．When disasters fall, they bring barbecues. 【答案】10．D 11．C 12．A 13．D 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了，在Hays为一次龙卷风后的幸存者提供烧烤食物后，他和同伴们成立了Operation BBQ Relief非盈利组织，去帮助灾难中的幸存者，为他们提供热腾腾的烧烤食物。 10．推理判断题。由第二段中的““We thought we’d be there three to four days, serving maybe 5,000 meals,” Hays said. But the need was there, so Hays and over 300 volunteers worked for 11 days to meet the need.(“我们以为我们会在那里呆上三到四天，提供大约5000顿饭，”Hays说。但需求是存在的，因此Hays和300多名志愿者工作了11天来满足需求)”可知，原本准备呆上三到四天的Hays最终了呆上了11天来满足需求，说明灾难之后，人们对食物的需要远远超出了Hays的想象。故选D项。 11．细节理解题。由第三段中的“It was a life-changing experience for Hays, who had never organized any type of large voluntary effort before.(这对Hays来说是一次改变生活的经历，他以前从未组织过任何类型的大型志愿活动)”和“So, before we left, we put together a plan to create the Operation BBQ Relief.(因此，在我们离开之前，我们制定了一项计划，创建the Operation BBQ Relief)”可知，是Hays在Joplin的一次志愿救灾经历让他成立了the Operation BBQ Relief这个组织。故选C项。 12．推理判断题。通读全文可知，Hays积极去做志愿者帮助处于灾难中的人，并成立一个非盈利组织给灾难中的幸存者提供食物，由此可推知他是热心肠的（Warm-hearted）。故选A项。 13．主旨大意题。根据最后一段““Barbecues are comfort food,” Hays said. “If you just lost your house or a loved one, getting a hot meal would remind you of the barbecues you had in the backyard and make you forget about the bad stuff in your life. That's worth it to me.”(Hays说：“烧烤是一种安慰食物。“如果你刚刚失去了房子或心爱的人，一顿热饭会让你想起你在后院烧烤，让你忘记生活中不好的事情。这对我来说是值得的。”)”以及通读全文可知，在Hays为一次龙卷风后的幸存者提供烧烤食物后，他和同伴们成立了Operation BBQ Relief 非盈利组织，去帮助灾难中的幸存者，为他们提供热腾腾的烧烤食物，D项“当灾难降临时，他们会带来烧烤”符合文意。故选D项。 主题01 人与社会——社会责任与贡献 Passage 1 （23-24高二上·河北保定·期中） Sanyé Mylo’s eyes twinkle with excitement when he stands in the sound booth of The Record Co. in Boston, eager to bring his creation to life. With the press of a button, his latest rap track fills the room. “I didn’t know spaces like this existed,” says Mylo, who grew up in the low-income neighborhood of Dorchester. He is one of the youngest musicians who, thanks to The Record Co. , has turned his music into a full-time occupation. Founded in 2010 by Matt McArthur, The Record Co. aims to give musicians more affordable access to the creative workspace and introduce the world of music to those who may have never considered their place in it. McArthur understands this challenge firsthand. As a music technology student at Berklee College of Music, he was frustrated by the high costs of renting time in production studios. On average, a recording studio in Boston costs more than $100 per hour to rent. He saw a recording studio not as a private office for a man of means but as a community center available to all. So he took out loans, collected donations and opened a studio in a tiny basement in Cambridge, Massachusetts. Slowly but steadily, McArthur expanded it and eventually rented a new property to include spaces for practice and production. Today, The Record Co., with a full-time staff of more than 20 people, is a state-of-the art, 12,000-foot facility that can be rented for as little as $10 per hour. Each month, it receives about 1,000 reservations, and around 3,500 musicians pass through its doors. At The Record Co., the principle is clear: Music should be affordable for everyone, and so should the space for creating it. The building has been shaped not only with an ear to acoustics(音响效果)but also with an eye to ensure it is as welcoming to a musician in a wheelchair as to one who walks in with a guitar over the shoulder. 1．Why did McArthur found The Record Co.? A．To make musicians well-known. B．To make a fortune through music. C．To persuade people to pursue music. D．To make music production affordable. 2．What does the author intend to do in paragraph 3? A．Provide some advice for musicians. B．Add some background information. C．Summarize the previous paragraphs. D．Launch an appeal for musical creation. 3．What does the underlined word “means” in paragraph 4 mean? A．Wealth. B．Method. C．Vision. D．Determination 4．Which of the following is the best title for the text? A．Bring Boston’s music to the world B．Turn music into a full-time occupation C．A recording studio has advanced facilities D．Music belongs to everyone at The Record Co. 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．A 4．D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，文章讲述了McArthur创建所有人都负担得起的录音室TheRecord Co.的故事。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段“Founded in 2010 by Matt McArthur, The Record Co. aims to give musicians more affordable access to the creative workspace and introduce the world of music to those who may have never considered their place in it.(The Record Co.由马特·麦克阿瑟（Matt McArthur）于2010年创立，旨在让音乐家更实惠地进入创意工作区，并将音乐世界介绍给那些可能从未考虑过自己在其中的地位的人。)”可知，McArthur创建The Record Co.是为了给音乐家提供更实惠的创作场所。故选D项。 2．推理判断题。通读第三段“McArthur understands this challenge firsthand. As a music technology student at Berklee College of Music, he was frustrated by the high costs of renting time in production studios. On average, a recording studio in Boston costs more than $100 per hour to rent.(麦克阿瑟亲身体会到了这一挑战。作为伯克利音乐学院音乐技术专业的学生，他对在制作工作室租用时间的高昂成本感到沮丧。波士顿的录音棚平均每小时租金超过100美元。)”可知，该段介绍了一些背景信息：McArthur创建录音室面临着挑战。故选B项。 3．词句猜测题。根据第四段“He saw a recording studio not as a private office for a man of means but as a community center available to all. (他认为录音室不是有 人的私人办公室，而是所有人都可以使用的社区中心。)”可知，画线词means应该意为“财富”，与A项wealth意义一致。故选A项。 4．主旨大意题。由文章第二段“Founded in 2010 by Matt McArthur, The Record Co. aims to give musicians more affordable access to the creative workspace and introduce the world of music to those who may have never considered their place in it.(The Record Co.由马特·麦克阿瑟（Matt McArthur）于2010年创立，旨在让音乐家更实惠地进入创意工作区，并将音乐世界介绍给那些可能从未考虑过自己在其中的地位的人。)”以及上下文可知，本文讲述了McArthur创建所有人都负担得起的录音室The Record Co.的故事。故D项Music belongs to everyone at The Record Co.(音乐属于唱片公司的每一个人。)适合作为本文标题。故选D项。 Passage 2 （24-25高二上·广东东莞·期中） Most of us have memories from childhood that go something like this: You’re not leaving the table until you eat all your vegetables. How lucky we were to have nutritious food, even if we had to learn to like it. According to the Houston Health Dement, for nearly one quarter of children living in Houston, Texas, the choice to eat healthily doesn’t exist. They are unable to obtain fresh produce, relying entirely on canned and packaged goods. A lack of fresh meat and produce in your diet can lead to increases in depression and obesity and greater risks of heart disease and cancer. A poor diet is also tied to poor performance in school for young children. Annie Zhu was shocked to find out so many children in Houston lived in food deserts. She was also shocked to see how much fresh food supermarkets throw away every day. So she and her twin sister Shirley went to work. First, they partnered with the Houston Health Department to distribute food at community centers. With the help of a food rescue organization Second Servings, they collected surplus (过剩的) food from grocery stores and began organizing monthly markets. They even connected with human service agencies to provide help beyond food. Lastly, since fresh food needs to be picked up right away, they developed a text-messaging app Fresh Hub, which tells people when and where the markets are. Each month, Fresh Hub organizes high school students who wear green shirts and go to set up stands of fresh produce, baked goods and packaged meats. The Zhu sisters and the green dream team have distributed over 1,500 pounds of food. At the end of the day, Annie says they are happy to be making a difference. “Frustration over the unfair circumstances built into society led us to meet incredible people,” says Annie. “I know I’m not alone on this journey to help the underserved — and I know my journey has only just begun!” 5．What issue in Houston do the Zhu sisters focus on? A．Poor access to fresh food for kids. B．Kids’ dislike for green vegetables. C．Food supplies in supermarkets. D．Childhood obesity and illness. 6．What is Fresh Hub supposed to do? A．Serve as a healthy food provider. B．Collect fresh food from grocery stores. C．Inform users of fresh produce available. D．Publish authoritative information on food. 7．How does Annie Zhu feel about their efforts to help the underserved? A．Puzzled and curious. B．Frustrated and anxious. C．Surprised and excited. D．Delighted and satisfied. 【答案】5．A 6．C 7．D 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了美国休斯顿的一些孩子缺少新鲜食物。一对双胞胎姐妹通过与当地卫生部门合作、开发Fresh Hub应用程序以及组织集市等方式来保障当地孩子的饮食健康，解决休斯顿食品荒地的困境。 5．推理判断题。根据第二段中“According to the Houston Health Dement, for nearly one quarter of children living in Houston, Texas, the choice to eat healthily doesn’t exist. They are unable to obtain fresh produce, relying entirely on canned and packaged goods.(根据休斯顿健康部门的数据，居住在德克萨斯州休斯顿的近四分之一的儿童没有健康饮食的选择。他们无法获得新鲜农产品，完全依赖罐装和包装食品。)”以及下文关于双胞胎姐妹为此而进行的公益活动的介绍可知，双胞胎姐妹关注的是休斯顿当地的一些儿童很难获取新鲜食物的问题。故选A。 6．细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“Lastly, since fresh food needs to be picked up right away, they developed a text-messaging app Fresh Hub, which tells people when and where the markets are.(最后，由于新鲜食品需要立即被取走，她们开发了一款短信应用Fresh Hub，它可以告诉人们市场的时间和地点)”可知，Fresh Hub告知用户可用的新鲜农产品。故选C。 7．推理判断题。根据最后一段“At the end of the day, Annie says they are happy to be making a difference. “Frustration over the unfair circumstances built into society led us to meet incredible people,” says Annie. “I know I’m not alone on this journey to help the underserved — and I know my journey has only just begun!”(在一天结束的时候，Annie说他们很高兴能有所作为。Annie说：“对社会不公平环境的沮丧让我们遇到了不可思议的人。”“我知道，在帮助弱势群体的旅程中，我并不孤单——我也知道，我的旅程才刚刚开始！”)”可推知，Annie Zhu对他们帮助弱势群体付出的努力感到高兴和满意。故选D。 Passage 3 （24-25高二上·山东威海·期中） By the time Nalin Kamat was 13, the Toronto teen was well on his way to becoming a working artist. He had already had his first show at a local art center, displaying his series titled “Dispositions”, which illustrated his own growth during adolescence (青少年). Yet he wanted more — specifically to start showing his work in a juried (评审) exhibition, where a group of art experts would evaluate and select pieces in a competitive review process. That was when he had trouble, discovering in the application that the minimum age for submission was 18. That rejection became a motivation for creation. “I thought it’d be really cool if I could provide the opportunity to more young artists,” says Nalin, now 15. With the support of his parents, in January 2023, Nalin founded Little EGG Gallery, which is now profitable enough to make ends meet by charging a small hanging fee for any displayed work. In turn, Little EGG help promote young talents by displaying their works. Not long after opening, David Griffin, a professor and artist of Ontario College of Art and Design University stepped into the gallery and met Nalin. Griffin regarded him as someone special: “a strong young artist with a really excellent idea — creating a space for showing the natural genius of young people. It was a void (空白) in the art world.” There Nalin asked Griffin to help judge an upcoming competition. The first juried show was last spring, and five-year-old Jack Gamble won for his abstract painting titled Pokemon. As Nalin is busy with school, life and his own art, Little EGG is mostly open by appointment only, but he’s still devoted to growing it with seasonal and themed shows scheduled a few times a year. 8．What do we know about Nalin from the first two paragraphs? A．He became a working artist at 13. B．Art experts sang high praise for his works. C．He was disqualified for a juried exhibition. D．Teenagers’ growth was the theme of his works. 9．Why did Nalin decide to set up Little EGG Gallery? A．To earn money to support his parents. B．To show artists’ talent through themed shows. C．To form the connection between different galleries. D．To show young artists’ talent by offering them a stage. 10．Which of the following can best describe Nalin’s idea of opening the gallery? A．Pioneering. B．Romantic. C．Popular. D．Incredible. 11．In which column of a magazine is this text most likely to appear? A．Figure. B．Opinion. C．Culture. D．Lifestyle. 【答案】8．C 9．D 10．A 11．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了少年艺术家Nalin Kamat在遇到参赛年龄限制后，创建Little EGG Gallery以展示年轻人才艺的故事。 8．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“By the time Nalin Kamat was 13, the Toronto teen was well on his way to becoming a working artist.(到13岁时，多伦多的青少年Nalin Kamat已经走在成为职业艺术家的路上)”及第二段“Yet he wanted more — specifically to start showing his work in a juried exhibition, where a group of art experts would evaluate and select pieces in a competitive review process. That was when he had trouble, discovering in the application that the minimum age for submission was 18(然而他想要更多——具体来说，就是开始参加评审展览，在那里一组艺术专家将通过竞争性审查程序评估并选择作品。那时他遇到了困难，在申请中发现提交作品的最低年龄要求是18岁)”可知，Nalin Kamat因为年龄问题而被取消了参加评审展览的资格。故选C。 9．细节理解题。根据文章第三段““I thought it’d be really cool if I could provide the opportunity to more young artists,” says Nalin, now 15. With the support of his parents, in January 2023, Nalin founded Little EGG Gallery, which is now profitable enough to make ends meet by charging a small hanging fee for any displayed work. In turn, Little EGG help promote young talents by displaying their works.(“我觉得如果我能为更多的年轻艺术家提供这样的机会，那会非常酷。”现在15岁的Nalin说道。在父母的支持下，2023年1月，Nalin创办了Little EGG Gallery，如今它已经能够通过收取少量的挂画费用来维持运营。反过来，Little EGG通过展示他们的作品来帮助推广年轻人才)”可知，他创办Little EGG Gallery的目的是为了给年轻艺术家提供一个展示才华的舞台。故选D。 10．推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Griffin regarded him as someone special: “a strong young artist with a really excellent idea — creating a space for showing the natural genius of young people. It was a void in the art world.(Griffin认为他是一个特别的人：“一位强大的年轻艺术家，有着非常出色的想法——创造一个空间来展示年轻人的自然天赋。这是艺术界的一片空白”)”可知，Nalin的想法填补了艺术界的一个空白，故他的想法是开创性的。故选A。 11．推理判断题。通读全篇，文章主要讲述了少年艺术家Nalin Kamat在遇到参赛年龄限制后，创建Little EGG Gallery以展示年轻人才艺的故事，最可能出现在杂志的人物专栏。故选A。 主题02 人与自我——个人认知与人际相处 Passage 1 （23-24高二上·山东青岛·期中） I remember the first time I saw a skateboarder roll past me when I was 14 in the early 90s. The skater wove in and out of the schoolchildren. He moved in such a smooth and cool way. He flowed through the crowds in the same way that water finds its natural route. It was the coolest thing I’d ever seen. Why walk to school when you could skate? After serious saving and a request for early birthday funds, I found myself in the skate shop and got my first skateboard. What I didn’t know then was that this first attempt was the beginning of a voyage that would never end. Information and experiences were exchanged and shared with friends. Videos of legendary professionals — Mark Gonzales, Rodney Mullen, Chris Miller — were circulated and pored over. After making a thorough study, I realized that dedication and perseverance played a great role in skateboarding. Skateboarding forever changes the way you see urban spaces. The 1960s architectural eyesores (碍眼的建筑) become a creative challenge which awaits the unusual exploration of a skater. With the streets as your playground, loyal friendships are formed. You wander like a wolf pack, hunting out new challenges and opportunities. And when you journey further into the unknown architectural skate spots around the globe, you know endless good times await. You’re a global conqueror aboard four wheels and seven layers of plywood (胶合板). There are no short cuts in the sport. As a creative culture, skateboarding is big business for sure, but the ability to flow confidently on a skateboard is no easy thing to achieve. To succeed at anything worth hard work, you need patience and perseverance — skateboarding is no different. I’m now 36, and, as I continue to age, my adventures as a skateboarder will go on. While tricks come and go for the most part, it’s the feeling of smoothly moving through time and space that inspires a skateboarder on. Skateboarding is an extension of play and of that, I shall never tire. 1．Why did the author set foot on a skateboard at first? A．Because he got a skateboard as a birthday gift. B．Because he was interested in the culture of skateboarding. C．Because he was impressed by a stranger’s skateboarding skills. D．Because he wanted a unique means of transportation to go to school, 2．What does the underlined phrase “pored over” in Paragraph 2 mean? A．Warmly welcomed. B．Highly praised. C．Fully expected. D．Carefully studied. 3．What are the most important factors in having extraordinary skateboard skills according to the text? A．Confidence and courage. B．Devotion and continuous effort. C．Information and experience. D．Talent and social skills. 4．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．Why I Love Skateboarding B．How I Learnt Skateboarding C．Who Inspired Me to Skateboard D．What I Learn from Skateboarding 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．B 4．D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是作者学习滑板的经历和滑板给作者带来的影响。 1．推理判断题。根据第一段“I remember the first time I saw a skateboarder roll past me when I was 14 in the early 90s. The skater wove in and out of the schoolchildren. He moved in such a smooth and cool way. He flowed through the crowds in the same way that water finds its natural route. It was the coolest thing I’d ever seen.(我记得我第一次看到一个滑板手从我身边滚过，那是在90年代初，我14岁。溜冰者在学童之间穿梭。他的动作是那么的平稳和冷静。他在人群中穿行，就像水流找到自然的路径一样。这是我见过最酷的东西。)”可知，作者最初开始学滑板是因为他被一个陌生人的滑板技巧打动了。故选C。 2．词句猜测题。根据第二段“After making a thorough study(在深入研究之后)”可知，作者是研究了那些专业人士的视频，pored over的意思是“仔细研究”，和D选项“Carefully studied”意思相近，故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据第二段“After making a thorough study, I realized that dedication and perseverance played a great role in skateboarding.(在深入研究之后，我意识到专注和毅力在滑板运动中起着非常重要的作用。)”可知，拥有非凡的滑板技能最重要的因素是专心和坚持努力，即devotion和continuous effort，故选B。 4．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第三段“Skateboarding forever changes the way you see urban spaces.(滑板永远改变了你对城市空间的看法。)”和倒数第二段“To succeed at anything worth hard work, you need patience and perseverance — skateboarding is no different.(要想在任何值得努力的事情上取得成功，你都需要耐心和毅力——玩滑板也不例外。)”可知，本文主要讲的是作者学习滑板的经历和滑板给作者带来的影响，因此最恰当的题目是D选项“What I Learn from Skateboarding(我从滑板中学到了什么)”。故选D。 Passage 2 （24-25高二上·重庆荣昌·期中） Tina Leverton was 62 when she bought her first pair of ballet shoes. She said putting her feet into the soft leather was very emotional. She said: “I’ve waited a long time for it.” A few days later, Leverton took her first ballet class after seeing an advertisement in a newspaper. It showed older women dancing in a class near Leverton’s house. “As I came in the door, I found a big smile on my face. From the minute I started, I felt like coming home.” Leverton had longed to dance as a child. Sadly, her parents couldn’t afford ballet classes, for they were first-generation Indian immigrants, struggling to make a living in the UK. Her father was a train driver on the underground in London and her mother held two cleaning jobs. Nonetheless, she harboured her dream of being a ballerina (芭蕾舞女演员). At her present age, a grand plie-lowering to the floor with bent knees-seemed to be out of the question. It took her three months to master the move: leaping and landing on one foot. ” I love the struggle and the challenge of learning something new. People in their 60s have a lot of self-limiting beliefs: ‘I can’t do it,’ ‘I’m not good enough.’ And maybe they’re not good enough. But it doesn’t matter,” she said. Ballet has been transformative. At a medical appointment a few months after Leverton’s first class, a nurse measured her at 163cm, half an inch taller than she had thought. She attributes (归因) the difference to improved posture. Her muscle tone has improved and her lower back pain has stopped. Dancing has also brought new friends. She met a group of older, more independent women and worked together towards a team award with the Royal Academy of Dance. And then, of course, there is the joyful feeling. “Ballet is all the therapy (治疗) I’ll ever need,” said Leverton. 5．How did Leverton feel after taking her dance lesson? A．Tired. B．Confused. C．Shocked. D．Thrilled. 6．Why didn’t Leverton learn to dance she was young? A．Her family was badly off. B．She wasn’t able to leap high. C．Her family laughed at her dream. D．She had to focus on classes. 7．What did dancing bring to Leverton? A．A team award. B．Money and fame. C．Friendship and joy. D．A medical treatment. 8．What can we learn from Leverton’s story? A．Hard work pays off. B．Never too old to pursue dreams. C．Interest is the key to success. D．Money isn’t everything. 【答案】5．D 6．A 7．C 16. B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一位名叫Tina Leverton的62岁女士，在移民英国的第一代印度人父母无法承担芭蕾舞课的费用下长大。她一直梦想成为一名芭蕾舞者，直到晚年才实现了这个梦想。对她来说，芭蕾舞不仅是艺术，更是一种治疗，给她带来了无尽的快乐。 5．细节理解题。根据文章第一段中“She said putting her feet into the soft leather was very emotional. She said: “I’ve waited a long time for it.”(她说，把脚伸进柔软的皮革里是一种非常激动的感觉。她说：“我已经等了很久了。”)”以及第二段““As I came in the door, I found a big smile on my face. From the minute I started, I felt like coming home.” (当我进门时，我发现我脸上露出了灿烂的笑容。从我开始的那一刻起，我就想回家。”)”可知，Leverton对于跳舞是充满热情的，能够跳舞是一种非常激动的感觉，由此推断出她在上完舞蹈课后感到非常激动。故选D。 6．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Sadly, her parents couldn’t afford ballet classes, for they were first-generation Indian immigrants, struggling to make a living in the UK. (不幸的是，她的父母负担不起芭蕾舞课程的费用，因为他们是第一代印度移民，在英国努力谋生。)”可知，Leverton小时候没有学跳舞是因为她的家庭很穷。故选A。 7．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Dancing has also brought new friends. She met a group of older, more independent women and worked together towards a team award with the Royal Academy of Dance. And then, of course, there is the joyful feeling.( 跳舞也给她带来了新的朋友。她遇到了一群年纪更大、更独立的女性，并与她们一起获得了皇家舞蹈学院的团队奖。当然，还有那种快乐的感觉。)”可知，跳舞给Leverton带来了友谊和快乐。故选C。 8．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Ballet is all the therapy (治疗) I’ll ever need,” said Leverton.（“芭蕾舞是我永远需要的治疗，”Leverton说。）以及通读全文，可知，文章讲述了一位名叫Tina Leverton的62岁女士，在移民英国的第一代印度人父母无法承担芭蕾舞课的费用下长大。她一直梦想成为一名芭蕾舞者，直到晚年才实现了这个梦想。对她来说，芭蕾舞不仅是艺术，更是一种治疗，给她带来了无尽的快乐。因此，从Leverton的故事中学到“追求梦想永远不嫌晚”。B选项“Never too old to pursue dreams.( 追求梦想永远不嫌老。)”符合题意。故选B。 Passage 3 （24-25高二上·上海·期中） Last October I was on a diving holiday in the Philippines with seven other advanced divers. I dived off the boat slowly sinking to about 20m. After nearly 45 minutes, the sound of my breathing was drowned out by a low rumble like an engine and I felt deep powerful vibrations (震动) as if a big boat was passing overhead. The instructor and I both swam next to each other, staying close to the side of the reef (礁石), because the situation felt extremely sinister. Then the vibration became so intense that I could feel it in my bones and then the sound turned into a deafening roar. Suddenly, a few meters below us, breaks began forming and the sand was sucked down. That’s when I got what it was. The noise was the sound of the earth splintering open and grinding against itself. The instructor and I held hands and looked into each other’s eyes, and I felt comforted by his presence. My body went on high alert, ready to react. But I had no power over whatever this was. The only option was to stay very still and let it do whatever it’s going to do. It took enormous willpower to resist the urge to swim to the surface, which was not sensible as the situation on the surface at that time was ambiguous with potential threats pending. Soon we saw other divers. The sound and vibration lasted only two or three minutes. We all held hands to avoid decompression sickness, which can be fatal. When up, it was a huge relief to see all the divers safe. Back on the boat, we rushed to check the news and discovered we had witnessed a huge earthquake, measuring 7.2 on the Richter scale. It released more energy than 30 Hiroshima bombs, though it seemed that we were not at the epicenter (震中). I was high and felt extremely lucky not because of my recent survival miracle, but to have experienced nature at its most stunning and its most frightening moment. 9．The underlined word in the second paragraph is closest in meaning to ______. A．dangerous B．urgent C．confusing D．harmonious 10．Why didn’t the author rise to the surface before the vibration stopped? A．Because the he was very afraid of big waves. B．Because he had lost all the strengths to swim. C．Because he could sense the unclear water situation. D．Because he tried to avoid unexpected danger above. 11．Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage? A．At the beginning of the event, a big boat passed by causing big vibration. B．All the divers used the reef as the protection against the violent vibration. C．I felt relieved as the instructor was experienced in handling situations like this. D．Powerless to fight nature, all the divers tried to cooperate and help each other. 12．Why did the author feel fortunate on the boat? A．Because he was not at the epicenter of the earthquake. B．Because he finally survived a huge earthquake. C．Because he could witness a rare natural phenomenon. D．Because he didn’t suffer from decompression sickness. 【答案】9．A 10．D 111．D 12．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了自己在菲律宾潜水时经历地震的故事。 9．词句猜测题。根据划线单词上文的内容“After nearly 45 minutes, the sound of my breathing was drowned out by a low rumble like an engine and I felt deep powerful vibrations (震动) as if a big boat was passing overhead. The instructor and I both swam next to each other, staying close to the side of the reef (过了将近45分钟，我的呼吸声被一声低沉的轰鸣声淹没了，就像引擎发出的轰鸣声，我感到一种强烈的震动，好像有一艘大船从我头顶驶过。教练和我并排游着，紧靠礁石的一侧)”可知，在听到轰鸣声和感觉到震动以后，作者和教练紧靠在礁石的一侧肯定是因为他们感觉到危险，所以划线单词sinister的意义为“险恶的；不祥的”，与dangerous意义相近。故选A项。 10．细节理解题。根据第五段的句子“It took enormous willpower to resist the urge to swim to the surface, which was not sensible as the situation on the surface at that time was ambiguous with potential threats pending.(要克制住游向水面的冲动需要巨大的意志力，这是不明智的，因为当时水面上的情况模糊不清，潜在的威胁迫在眉睫)”可知，在震动停止之前作者没有浮上水面是因为水面上的情况也不清楚，有潜在的威胁，他在试图避免上面的意外危险。故选D项。 11．细节理解题。根据第六段“The sound and vibration lasted only two or three minutes. We all held hands to avoid decompression sickness, which can be fatal. When up, it was a huge relief to see all the divers safe.(声音和震动只持续了两三分钟。我们都手拉手，以避免可能致命的减压病。上岸后，看到所有潜水员都安然无恙，我松了一口气)”可知，由于无力与自然抗争，所有的潜水员都努力合作，互相帮助。故选D项。 12．细节理解题。根据最后一句“I was high and felt extremely lucky not because of my recent survival miracle, but to have experienced nature at its most stunning and its most frightening moment.(我很兴奋，觉得自己非常幸运，不是因为我最近的生存奇迹，而是因为我经历了大自然最令人震惊和最可怕的时刻)”可知，在船上作者感到幸运是因为他能目睹一种罕见的自然现象。故选C项。 主题03 人与自然——自然生态与环境保护 Passage 1 （23-24高一上·福建宁德·期中） Firstly, Mohiuddin was looking at global environmental issues with the hope of finding one that his entrepreneurial (企业家的) spirit could deal with. He would finally focus on plastic use, the overreliance on it in society, and the dangers of plastic pollution in the form of microplastic particles (颗粒). In particular, he wanted to find an alternative to one of the most common plastic products used today: the plastic shopping bag. According to The Better India, he started studying a biodegradable polymer (生物可降解聚合物) that was first formed and researched in the 1980s called PBAT. At the time, it was made with corn and potatoes. After identifying a suitable class of machinery to produce the PBAT bags in Gujarat, his speech on PBAT received nearly $100,000 in seed funding that allowed him to start the project. “I tried to balance both my studies and the operations of the company — from collecting raw material, helping workers to produce bags, to delivering the products in the market,” Mohiuddin told The Better India. “I used to sleep in a corner in the factory.” Overcoming bankruptcy (破产), university studies, and long-term unfinished orders, Mohiuddin’s startup company finally started to make profits, and today produces almost 500,000 bags per year, with a total revenue of $ 180,000. “I am glad I am able to contribute my part. Not having a normal college life can be tiring sometimes, but in the end, it is all worth it. I feel content when I go back to sleep. But much more needs to be done to make India plastic-free, and I will continue to strive for it,” he adds. 1．What is the primary focus of Mohiuddin’s entrepreneurial efforts? A．To develop replacements to plastic shopping bags. B．To improve traditional plastic products. C．To promote the use of corn in producing. D．To lengthen the use of plastic shopping bags. 2．What was the result of Mohiuddin’s speech on PBAT? A．He received a sum of money for his studies. B．He gained the fund to start his project. C．He got to know many investors. D．He decided to put off the project. 3．What can be inferred about Mohiuddin from paragraph 3? A．He solved many kinds of environmental issues. B．He was willing to lose personal comfort for his goals. C．He considered learning more important than business. D．He sought advice from experts for developing his business. 4．How does Mohiuddin feel about the progress he has made? A．Confused. B．Regretful. C．Satisfied. D．Challenged. 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．B 4．C 【导语】本文为一篇记叙文，讲述了Mohiuddin发挥企业家精神，为了帮助解决全球环境问题之一的塑料使用问题而做出的努力。 1．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“He would finally focus on plastic use, the overreliance on it in society, and the dangers of plastic pollution in the form of microplastic particles (颗粒). In particular, he wanted to find an alternative to one of the most common plastic products used today: the plastic shopping bag.(他最后关注的是塑料的使用，社会对塑料的过度依赖，以及微塑料颗粒形式的塑料污染的危险。他特别想找到一种替代品，来替代如今最常用的塑料产品之一：塑料购物袋)”可知，Mohiuddin创业努力的主要重点是开发塑料购物袋的替代品。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“After identifying a suitable class of machinery to produce the PBAT bags in Gujarat, his speech on PBAT received nearly $100,000 in seed funding that allowed him to start the project.(在确定了在古吉拉特邦生产PBAT袋的合适机器类别后，他关于PBAT的演讲获得了近10万美元的种子基金，使他得以启动这个项目)”可知，在Mohiuddin关于PBAT的演讲后，他获得了启动他的项目的资金。故选B。 3．推理判断题。根据文章第三段““I tried to balance both my studies and the operations of the company — from collecting raw material, helping workers to produce bags, to delivering the products in the market,” Mohiuddin told The Better India. “I used to sleep in a corner in the factory.”(“我试图平衡我的学习和公司的运作——从收集原材料，帮助工人生产袋子，到向市场运送产品，”Mohiuddin告诉《更好的印度》。“我以前睡在工厂的一个角落里。”)”可推知，Mohiuddin为了实现自己的目标，宁愿放弃自己的舒适而奋斗。故选B。 4．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段““I am glad I am able to contribute my part. Not having a normal college life can be tiring sometimes, but in the end, it is all worth it. I feel content when I go back to sleep. But much more needs to be done to make India plastic-free, and I will continue to strive for it,” he adds.(“我很高兴我能贡献我的一部分。没有正常的大学生活有时会很累，但最终，这一切都是值得的。当我再次入睡时，我感到很满足。但要使印度摆脱塑料污染还有很多工作要做，我将继续为此而努力，”他补充说)”可知，Mohiuddin对于自己取得的进步很满足。故选C。 Passage 2 （23-24高一上·四川绵阳·期中） Lila’s family owned a small farm on the edge of Greenpine Forest. For generations, the forest had kept their land fertile: its trees held the soil in place, and birds ate pests that would have destroyed crops. But last year, everything changed. A mysterious disease killed the pine trees, and with them, the birds vanished. Soon, bugs swarmed the farm, eating the corn and wheat. “We’ll have to use chemical pesticides,” Lila’s dad said, showing her a bottle labeled “Toxic—Use With Care.” Lila, 17, hated the idea. She’d read that pesticides kill bees and other helpful insects too. “What if there’s another way?” she asked her biology teacher, who suggested she research “natural pest control.” Lila spent weekends in the remaining forest, observing. She noticed that oak trees, which hadn’t been affected by the disease, were home to ladybugs—a bug that eats aphids, the pest destroying their crops. She also found that marigold flowers, which grew wild in the forest, repelled beetles. She convinced her dad to let her try an experiment. They planted marigolds around the farm and built small wooden houses for ladybugs. At first, the bugs kept coming, and Lila’s dad groaned. But after a month, the aphid population dropped. By summer, the ladybugs had multiplied, and the marigolds were in full bloom—no pesticides needed. Other farmers noticed. “How did you do it?” they asked. Lila led workshops, teaching them to work with the forest’s natural helpers instead of against them. A year later, Greenpine Forest was slowly recovering, and the farms thrived. “The forest was trying to help us all along,” Lila smiled. 5.Why did pests swarm Lila’s farm? A. The family stopped using pesticides. B. The pine trees (and the birds that ate pests) died. C. Lila planted marigolds that attracted bugs. D. The soil became infertile due to overfarming. 6.What was Lila’s “natural pest control” method? A. She used chemical pesticides secretly. B. She planted oak trees to attract birds. C. She introduced ladybugs and planted marigolds. D. She asked other farmers to help catch pests. 7.The underlined word “repelled” in Paragraph 3 probably means ______. A. attracted and killed B. scared away C. fed on D. helped grow 8.What does the story suggest about nature? A. It is fragile and easily destroyed by humans. B. It contains its own solutions to balance ecosystems. C. It needs chemicals to stay healthy. D. It is separate from human farms and communities. 【答案】5．B 6．C 7．B 8.B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，文章通过 Lila 利用森林中的生物实现自然控虫的故事，展现了 “自然本身具有生态平衡的智慧，人类应与之协作而非对抗” 的理念。 5．细节理解题。题目询问害虫泛滥的原因。根据第一段 “A mysterious disease killed the pine trees, and with them, the birds vanished. Soon, bugs swarmed the farm...” 可知，松树死亡导致以害虫为食的鸟类消失，进而使害虫大量繁殖。故选B。 6．细节理解题。题目考查 Lila 的 “自然控虫法”。根据第四段 “They planted marigolds around the farm and built small wooden houses for ladybugs.” 可知，她的方法是种植万寿菊和引入瓢虫。排除其他选项：A 选项 “秘密使用化学农药” 与她反对农药的态度矛盾；B 选项 “种植橡树吸引鸟类” 文中未提及，橡树是她观察到的瓢虫栖息地；D 选项 “请其他农民帮忙捕虫” 并非她的方法，故排除。故选C。 7．词义猜测题。题目要求推测 “repelled” 的含义。该词所在句提到万寿菊 “repelled beetles”，而前文说明甲虫是危害作物的害虫，Lila 利用万寿菊进行自然控虫，因此万寿菊的作用应是 “驱赶” 甲虫。“repelled” 意为 “驱赶”，与 B 选项 “scared away” 一致。故选B。 8. 推理判断题。题目要求推断故事对自然的暗示。文章中，Lila 发现森林中的瓢虫和万寿菊能自然控制害虫，说明 “自然本身包含平衡生态系统的解决方案”。 排除其他选项：A 选项 “自然脆弱易被人类破坏” 虽有一定道理，但非故事核心；C 选项 “自然需要化学物质维持健康” 与 Lila 用自然方法成功控虫的情节矛盾；D 选项 “自然与人类农场和社区分离” 错误，故事强调两者的相互依存，故排除。故选B。 Passage 3 （24-25高一上·山东烟台·期中） Jake’s grandfather had warned him: “The forest keeps us alive—treat it badly, and it will bite back.” But 17-year-old Jake hadn’t listened. He and his friends often built bonfires in the woods, leaving trash behind, and laughed at the old man’s words. That was until last year’s flood. Heavy rains had hit their mountain town, but no one expected the mudslide that buried two houses. “The forest used to hold the soil together,” Grandpa said, pointing to the bare hillside where loggers had cut down trees. “Without roots to anchor the earth, the rain washes everything away.” Jake felt guilty. He’d seen the stumps and the exposed dirt but never thought it mattered. Determined to make amends, he joined the town’s reforestation program. Every weekend, he and other volunteers planted saplings—oak, pine, and maple—each with a protective bamboo guard to keep deer away. At first, it was tough. The soil was poor, and many saplings wilted. “It takes years,” the program leader said. “Trees don’t grow overnight.” Jake persisted, even when his friends called him “tree hugger.” He learned to water the saplings during dry spells and remove invasive weeds that choked them. Two years later, Jake stood on the hillside. The saplings were waist-high, their leaves rustling in the wind. Last month’s rains had been heavy, but no mudslides came. Grandpa clapped him on the back: “The forest is starting to breathe again.” Jake smiled, finally understanding—healing nature takes patience, but it’s always worth it. 9.What caused the mudslide in Jake’s town? A. Jake and his friends built too many bonfires. B. Loggers cut down trees, leaving soil unprotected. C. Heavy rains washed away all the saplings. D. Deer ate the roots of the trees on the hillside. 10.How did Jake try to fix the problem? A. He stopped his friends from building bonfires. B. He planted new trees through a reforestation program. C. He moved the buried houses to a safer place. D. He asked loggers to stop cutting down trees. 11.The underlined word “persisted” in Paragraph 4 probably means ______. A. gave up easily B. complained loudly C. continued despite difficulties D. argued with others 12.What can we learn from Jake’s experience? A. Young people should always listen to their grandparents. B. Reforestation is the only way to prevent mudslides. C. Healing damaged nature requires time and effort. D. Logging should be banned in all mountain towns. 【答案】9．B 10．B 11．C 12. C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，文章通过 Jake 参与植树、修复山林的经历，强调修复自然生态需要耐心与坚持，体现 “人类对自然的破坏可以通过持续行动弥补” 的主题。 9．细节理解题。根据第二段 “‘The forest used to hold the soil together,’ Grandpa said, pointing to the bare hillside where loggers had cut down trees. ‘Without roots to anchor the earth, the rain washes everything away’” 可知，伐木者砍树导致土壤失去植被保护，引发泥石流。故选B。 10．细节理解题。根据第三段 “Determined to make amends, he joined the town’s reforestation program. Every weekend, he and other volunteers planted saplings” 可知，Jake 通过加入植树计划、种植树苗来弥补。故选B。 11．词义猜测题。前文提到 “many saplings wilted”（树苗枯萎）和朋友的嘲笑，但后文说 Jake 在干旱时浇水、清除杂草，说明他 “坚持” 了下来。“persisted” 意为 “坚持”，与 C 选项 “虽有困难仍继续” 一致。故选C。 12. 推理判断题。故事中，Jake 经历了树苗枯萎、他人嘲笑，但持续付出，最终看到树木生长、泥石流减少，体现了 “修复受损的自然需要时间和努力”。 13. 排除其他选项：A 选项 “年轻人应总是听祖父母的” 过于绝对；B 选项 “植树是防止泥石流的唯一方法” 错误，文中只是说植树有帮助；D 选项 “所有山区应禁止伐木” 过于绝对，合理伐木未必导致灾难，故排除。故选C。 / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$