第3讲 过去将来时-【春季高考必胜】2026年小高考英语总复习 满分冲刺（广东省专用）

春季高考·必胜 第3讲 过去将来时 内容提要 核心语法回顾 专项能力突破 解题综合提升 一、过去将来时的核心结构及句型转换 过去将来时表示 “从过去某一时间点来看将要发生的动作或状态”，常用于宾语从句、间接引语中，核心结构分为 “would + 动词原形” 和 “was/were going to + 动词原形” 两类。 结构类型 肯定句 否定句 一般疑问句 示例 would + 动原 主语 + would + 动词原形 + 其他 主语 + would not（wouldn’t） + 动词原形 + 其他 Would + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他？ He said he would come tomorrow. was/were going to + 动原 主语 + was/were + going to + 动词原形 + 其他 主语 + was/were + not + going to + 动词原形 + 其他 Was/Were + 主语 + going to + 动词原形 + 其他？ She told me she was going to leave soon. 注意事项： 1. 人称与 be 动词搭配：第一、三人称单数（I/he/she/it）用 “was going to”，第二人称及复数（you/we/they）用 “were going to”。 2. 否定缩写：would not 可缩写为 “wouldn’t”，was not=wasn’t，were not=weren’t。 3. 句型转换关键：疑问句需将 “would” 或 “was/were” 提前至句首，否定句直接在助动词后加 “not”。 二、过去将来时的用法及场景辨析 过去将来时的不同结构对应不同的语义场景，需根据 “主观意愿、计划安排、动作特征” 等选择合适的表达，同时注意特殊句式中的时态替换规则。 用法 适用结构 关键特征 示例 主观意愿或承诺 would + 动词原形 强调说话人的主观打算，无明确计划依据 He promised he would help me. 计划或安排好的动作 was/were going to + 动词原形 基于过去的计划、安排，或有明显迹象预示 They decided they were going to travel next month. 瞬时动词表将来 过去进行时（was/were + 动词 - ing） 限于位移动词（come, go, leave 等） She said the train was leaving at 6 a.m. 条件 / 时间从句中 一般过去时（代替过去将来时） 从句中需用一般过去时代替 “would + 动原” He said he would go if it didn’t rain. 注意事项： 1. 结构混淆避免：“would + 动原” 侧重主观意愿，“was/were going to + 动原” 侧重客观计划（如错误：He said he was going to try his best. 若表主观承诺，应为 He said he would try his best.）。 2. 瞬时动词特殊用法：只有 “come, go, leave, arrive, start” 等表位置移动的动词可用于过去进行时表将来（如错误：He said he was reading the book tomorrow. 正确：He said he would read the book tomorrow.）。 3. 从句时态一致：在 if, when 等引导的条件 / 时间从句中，需用一般过去时替代过去将来时（如错误：I asked if she would come when she would have time. 正确：I asked if she would come when she had time.）。 一、单句语法填空：用所给词的适当形式填空 1. Peter said that his daughter (graduate) from university the next June. 2. When we were young, father (take) us for a special treat on Mother's day. 3. Amy said she (visit) the Great Wall the next summer. 4．I had to make important decisions that would (effect)me for the rest of my life. 5．They feared that he (abuse) them if they displeased him. 6．He told me that he (take) the final examination the next Thursday. 7．It was the last film at the cinema, which was (close) the next day. 8．Whenever she had time, she (help) the residents in the neighbourhood. 9．She asked if it (rain) the next day. 10．We were just about (leave) when Jerry arrived. 11．Nobody knew what (happen) after a hundred years. 12．The little boy promised he (hand) in his homework the next day. 13．He said that he (buy) some books tomorrow morning. 14．It was hoped that his health (pick) up soon with the new treatment. 15．Jenney never imagined that she (become) a doctor. 二、完成句子 1. When he was there he that coffee shop at the street corner after work every day. 当他在那里的时候，他每天下班后都会去街角的那家咖啡店。 2. He said he be here at eight o'clock. 他说他将在八点钟到达这里。 3. 随信一起来的是他的承诺，他说会在即将到来的圣诞节来看我。 Along with the letter was his promise that . 4.   more furniture for the new flat the next weekend. 第二个周末他们要为新房子买更多的家具。 5. 他说他会把会议推迟到下周。 He said he the meeting till the next week. 6. 我想明年6月里我将会正在非洲旅行。 I thought I Africa during the next June. 7. I remember thinking that hold such a note as this… 记得当时我以为我手里永远都不会握有这样一张钞票…… 8. Jeff knew that he the next day. 杰夫知道他第二天会很累。 9. 我正要上床睡觉的，这时电话响了。 I when the phone rang. 10. 他说他不会发火，但让我们失望了。 He said he , but he . 11. 我们刚要出发，天就开始下雨了。 We leave when it began to rain. 12. 当我在那家公司工作时，我会在早上5点起床。 When I worked in that company, I at 5 am. 13. 导游向我们解释了翻山越岭的路线。 The tour guide explained through the mountain. 14. I the house it started raining heavily. 我正要出门，这时突然下起了大雨。 15. Tom close the window his attention was caught by a bird. 汤姆正要关窗户时，一只鸟突然吸引了他的注意力。(about) 三、完形填空 Passage 1 Two years ago, when I turned sixty, I began to think of my life at the age of ninety. If I were at that age, I would still want to stay in shape to enjoy life, getting a lot of 1 . Then I decided to 2 a senior fitness center. I called a nearby center, “Do you have aerobics (有氧运动) classes 3 for seniors?” “Sure. Come! We start at 10 am,” the receptionist (接待员) replied and 4 . The next morning, I went there. One part of me doubted that the class was too 5 . The other part feared it was too hard for me to 6 . When I came into the room, a woman 7 me, “Oh, you’re new. Welcome to have a try.” Then the music started. The hour-long workout woke up the muscles I didn’t often 8 in daily walks, suiting me fine. I became a 9 there. My classmates ranged in age from fifty to ninety. Most did the exercises in their own way, doing as much or little as they could. 10 no one kept score. Soon I learned physical well-being wasn’t the only 11 there. During breaks, people 12 happily. Whenever some people were 13 we asked around. Were they busy? Were they in hospital? Moreover, we signed cards for those who were ill. Although I 14 to be in good shape now as I’ve hoped, I’m still grateful for things more valuable from the class-close friendships and new social 15 . 1. A．success B．pressure C．struggle D．pleasure 2. A．build B．rent C．lend D．find 3. A．important B．familiar C．suitable D．necessary 4. A．invited B．comforted C．promised D．remembered 5. A．sure B．easy C．disappointed D．hopeful 6. A．make up for B．look down on C．keep up with D．sign up for 7. A．greeted B．recognized C．helped D．introduced 8. A．relax B．reduce C．strengthen D．use 9. A．guide B．coach C．member D．teacher 10. A．Easily B．Obviously C．Frequently D．Surprisingly 11. A．focus B．problem C．achievement D．contribution 12. A．worked B．debated C．argued D．chatted 13. A．absent B．tired C．unhappy D．lonely 14. A．manage B．fail C．remind D．continue 15. A．backgrounds B．skills C．connections D．duties Passage 2 China’s women’s ace Zheng Qinwen has 1 made her name in tennis history after winning the country’s first singles Olympic gold medal in Paris on Saturday, 2 another record to her career. Although China’s world No. 7 Zheng was the sixth seed (6号种子选手) in the Olympic tournament, she met 3 by defeating Croatia’s 13th seed Donna Vekic 6-2, 6-3 at the Roland Garros Stadium. She 4 her opponent four times and lost only one service game to win the gold medal. It was only China’s 5 Olympic gold medal in tennis, following a women’s doubles title won by Li Ting and Sun Tiantian at Athens 2004, and the first in singles. After winning with a forehand shot, Zheng 6 on her back to loud cheers across the Court Philippe-Chatrier, enjoying the 7 moment for her career and for the sport's reputation in China. “ 8 can describe my feeling right now; it’s unreal. I’ve always been hoping to get a medal for China. Finally, I made it,” Zheng said during the on-court interview. “I did everything I could. I think my country will be proud of me; I feel proud of myself. The success is for all my team members, my family, and everyone who 9 me, not just for me.” And for the 10 ?The 21-year-old native of Hubei province just wants to join her family and enjoy some home-cooked food. 1. A．unexpectedly B．successfully. C．accidentally D．doubtfully 2. A．adding B．leaving C．making D．keeping 3. A．enemies B．standards C．requirements D．expectations 4. A．won B．beat C．fought D．avoided 5. A．first B．second C．third D．fourth 6. A．lay down B．looked down C．sat down D．took down 7. A．cheerful B．wonderful C．historic D．meaningful 8. A．Everything. B．Something C．Nothing D．Anything 9. A．believed B．encouraged C．loved D．supported 10. A．preparation B．celebration C．interview D．competition Passage 3 Four years ago, the closest I got to nature was the view of the garden from my living room window. But all that 1 when I came across hiking, quite by accident. It started with a 2 from a friend — to join a hiking group for a day out. Nervous, but 3 , I agreed. The first hike was hard. I was 4 and my muscles ached, but as I reached the path’s end, something within me changed. The beautiful view of nature, the sense of achievement-it was extremely 5 . So I 6 to hike more, and in doing so, I noticed some changes. My body grew stronger, my physical 7 improved, and those once-hard hikes became easier. And my mind grew more 8 . The stress of city life 9 with each step. The rush of hiking became my new 10 . I also discovered a community of hikers. Each hike was a 11 to meet new people, share stories and form friendships. These weren’t just people to hike with, but they were fellow 12 sharing the journey of life. As my connection with nature deepened, so did my love for the environment. I found myself 13 cnvironmental protection efforts, understanding that protecting these beautiful paths was a 14 . So now, as I get ready for another hike, I look 15 for the journey ahead and all it will offer. 1. A．remained B．changed C．stopped D．suffered 2. A．wisdom B．reply C．promise D．challenge 3. A．curious B．certain C．anxious D．awkward 4. A．full of power B．short of rest C．out of breath D．wild with joy 5. A．annoying B．amazing C．shocking D．confusing 6. A．decided B．afforded C．refused D．pretended 7. A．appearance B．examination C．education D．strength 8. A．focused B．active C．relaxed D．confident 9. A．advanced B．disappeared C．concentrated D．survived 10. A．addiction B．topic C．trap D．schedule 11. A．race B．strategy C．chance D．debate 12. A．workers B．students C．passengers D．adventurers 13. A．taking part in B．taking control of C．making sense of D．making use of 14. A．goal B．rescue C．responsibility D．solution 15. A．nervously B．excitedly C．silently D．hurriedly 四、语法填空 Passage 1 My dad is an enthusiastic (狂热的) runner who 1.___________ (great) influenced me when I was young. So I was very sporty before the age of 14. However, when my family moved, my new school didn’t pay much attention 2.___________ sports and had no after-school 3.___________ (activity) like football or running. In the next few years, I stopped exercising apart from during Physical Education lessons at school. It seemed that I was 4.___________ (health). However, I was not. One day, I was late for a bus. I 5.___________ (try) to run after it but was out of breath in a minute! This made me realize how unfit I was. I told my dad about it, and he said he 6.___________ (help) me make a training plan. To help myself get in shape again, I also made a decision that I would take up a kind of sport. A friend of 8.___________ (I) suggested a swimming pool 9.___________ is close to my house. Now, I’m a swimming lover! 10.___________ (find) swimming makes me very relaxed, I swim for an hour three times a week. I hope that I will soon start to feel 11.___________ benefits of regular exercise, and become fitter than before. Passage 2 Do you like walking fast or slowly? A study shows that people who have a quicker walking pace live 1.___________ (long) than those who walk more slowly. The researchers of the study arrived at 2.___________ (they) findings after studying the walking habits and deaths of nearly 475,000 people, most of 3 were in their 50s at the start of the study. Quick walkers hit the speed of 3.___________ mph — about 100 steps a minute and 4.___________ (general) they walk faster than most other walkers. Slow walkers walk at the speed of 1 mph to 2 mph, or just 50 steps a minute. Last month, I talked to one of the researchers, who said they 5.___________ (publish) a follow-up report the next year to further explain the link between walking pace and lifespan. The results pointed out that 6.___________ (weigh) is not a determining factor (因素) among the walkers but their pacing. The researchers also found that fast walking could cut the risk of heart-related diseases. So, whether you are overweight or 8.___________ shape, fast walking is helpful to your body. Those who sit for long 9.___________ (hour) at work every day are advised 10.___________ (do) some fast walking after work. However, how much time you spend 11.___________ (walk) shouldn’t be ignored. It’s not just the intensity (强度) but also the lasting time that counts. Passage 3 Doing Sports, like jogging in the park or going to a fitness center, will not only make you more energetic, 1.___________ also better your overall health. Involving yourself in sports will improve the development of your heart and lungs and help them work 2.___________ (effective). Additionally, regular exercise will build up your body by contributing 3.___________ the development of your muscles, bones and joints and will also help you maintain a healthy body weight. Last week, my coach told me that consistent training 4.___________ (strengthen) my physical condition in three months. Another benefit of exercise is that it will improve your body’s immune system, 5.___________ (make) you better prepared to fight off illnesses. Sport, as well as being a physical activity, has a mental aspect too. It can help define who you are and who you can become. Sport promotes (促进) the development of a number of characters 7.___________ are important for a successful and fulfilling life. Included here are three 8.___________ (quality) worthy of special consideration. Firstly, sport requires self-discipline, without which it is easy to give up. Secondly, sport will encourage you 9.___________ (maintain) a positive and balanced outlook. Finally, sport will help you understand the 10.___________ (important) of teamwork. Start sports and you will live 11.___________ healthy life! 3 / 9 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$春季高考·必胜 第3讲 过去将来时 内容提要 核心语法回顾 专项能力突破 解题综合提升 一、过去将来时的核心结构及句型转换 过去将来时表示 “从过去某一时间点来看将要发生的动作或状态”，常用于宾语从句、间接引语中，核心结构分为 “would + 动词原形” 和 “was/were going to + 动词原形” 两类。 结构类型 肯定句 否定句 一般疑问句 示例 would + 动原 主语 + would + 动词原形 + 其他 主语 + would not（wouldn’t） + 动词原形 + 其他 Would + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他？ He said he would come tomorrow. was/were going to + 动原 主语 + was/were + going to + 动词原形 + 其他 主语 + was/were + not + going to + 动词原形 + 其他 Was/Were + 主语 + going to + 动词原形 + 其他？ She told me she was going to leave soon. 注意事项： 1. 人称与 be 动词搭配：第一、三人称单数（I/he/she/it）用 “was going to”，第二人称及复数（you/we/they）用 “were going to”。 2. 否定缩写：would not 可缩写为 “wouldn’t”，was not=wasn’t，were not=weren’t。 3. 句型转换关键：疑问句需将 “would” 或 “was/were” 提前至句首，否定句直接在助动词后加 “not”。 二、过去将来时的用法及场景辨析 过去将来时的不同结构对应不同的语义场景，需根据 “主观意愿、计划安排、动作特征” 等选择合适的表达，同时注意特殊句式中的时态替换规则。 用法 适用结构 关键特征 示例 主观意愿或承诺 would + 动词原形 强调说话人的主观打算，无明确计划依据 He promised he would help me. 计划或安排好的动作 was/were going to + 动词原形 基于过去的计划、安排，或有明显迹象预示 They decided they were going to travel next month. 瞬时动词表将来 过去进行时（was/were + 动词 - ing） 限于位移动词（come, go, leave 等） She said the train was leaving at 6 a.m. 条件 / 时间从句中 一般过去时（代替过去将来时） 从句中需用一般过去时代替 “would + 动原” He said he would go if it didn’t rain. 注意事项： 1. 结构混淆避免：“would + 动原” 侧重主观意愿，“was/were going to + 动原” 侧重客观计划（如错误：He said he was going to try his best. 若表主观承诺，应为 He said he would try his best.）。 2. 瞬时动词特殊用法：只有 “come, go, leave, arrive, start” 等表位置移动的动词可用于过去进行时表将来（如错误：He said he was reading the book tomorrow. 正确：He said he would read the book tomorrow.）。 3. 从句时态一致：在 if, when 等引导的条件 / 时间从句中，需用一般过去时替代过去将来时（如错误：I asked if she would come when she would have time. 正确：I asked if she would come when she had time.）。 一、单句语法填空：用所给词的适当形式填空 1. Peter said that his daughter (graduate) from university the next June. 【答案】would graduate 【详解】考查时态。句意：彼得说他女儿明年六月大学毕业。根据后文the next June可知为将来时，此处主句said为一般过去时，从句用过去将来时。故填would graduate。 2. When we were young, father (take) us for a special treat on Mother's day. 【答案】would take 【详解】考查时态。句意：当我们还小的时候，父亲会在母亲节带我们去吃点特别的东西。根据句意和从句的were可知，“父亲带我们去吃东西”发生在过去，并且是在特定的母亲节那一天，从过去那个时间看来将要发生的动作，所以用过去将来时。故填would take。 3. Amy said she (visit) the Great Wall the next summer. 【答案】would visit 【详解】考查时态。句意：艾米说她明年夏天要去参观长城。由“the next summer”和“said”可知，句子用过去将来时，即would do，因此空格处是would visit，故填would visit。 4．I had to make important decisions that would (effect)me for the rest of my life. 【答案】affect 【详解】考查动词。句意：我必须做出影响我余生的重要决定。作从句的谓语应用动词affect，结合would可知填原形。故填affect。 5．They feared that he (abuse) them if they displeased him. 【答案】would abuse 【详解】考查时态。句意：他们担心如果他们惹他不高兴，他会虐待他们。此处表示从过去某一时间来看将要发生的动作应用过去将来时，故填would abuse。 6．He told me that he (take) the final examination the next Thursday. 【答案】would take 【详解】考查时态。句意：他告诉我他下周四要参加期末考试。由next Thursday可知，句子表示将来的事情，由told是过去式可知，空格处是过去将来时，即would do，故填would take。 7．It was the last film at the cinema, which was (close) the next day. 【答案】to close 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：这是这家电影院的最后月一场电影，这家电影院第二天就要关门了。根据主句谓语动词was以及句意可知，定语从句中的谓语动词应用过去将来时，结合空格前was可知，此处应用was to do表示过去将来时，所以空格处应填to close。故填to close。 8．Whenever she had time, she (help) the residents in the neighbourhood. 【答案】would help 【详解】考查时态。句意：每当她有时间的时候，都会去帮助附近的居民。分析句子结构可知，空格处应填主句的谓语，从句中谓语动词 had为一般过去时，结合句意可知，主句谓语动词应用过去将来时，help与主句主语she之间的关系为主动，所以应填would help。故填would help。 9．She asked if it (rain) the next day. 【答案】would rain 【详解】考查时态。句意：她问第二天是否会下雨。主语为一般过去时态，根据从句中时间状语the next day可知，询问的是将来事情，用一般过去将来时态would rain。故填would rain。 10．We were just about (leave) when Jerry arrived. 【答案】to leave 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：Jerry到达时，我们正要离开。be about to do sth.意为“正要做某事”，为固定短语，故空格处应填to leave。 11．Nobody knew what (happen) after a hundred years. 【答案】would happen 【详解】考查过去将来时。句意：没有人知道一百年后会发生什么。主句中knew使用的是一般过去时，宾语从句应用表示过去的某种时态，根据“after a hundred years”可知从句描述将来的事情，使用过去将来时。故填would happen。 12．The little boy promised he (hand) in his homework the next day. 【答案】would hand 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：这个小男孩承诺他第二天会交作业。hand in(提交)是从句谓语动词，结合从句时间状语“the next day”可知，承诺将要做的事情，且主句为一般过去时态，所以从句应用过去将来时态would hand。故填would hand。 13．He said that he (buy) some books tomorrow morning. 【答案】would buy 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：他说第二天上午他会买一些书。主句 He said 为一般过去时。根据tomorrow morning 可知，从句为过去将来时，其构成是“would + 动词原形”，故填would buy。 14．It was hoped that his health (pick) up soon with the new treatment. 【答案】would pick 【详解】考查时态。句意：人们希望在新疗法的作用下他的健康状况能尽快好转。空处为从句谓语动词，根据主句部分的时态和从句中的soon可知，此处应用过去将来时，表示从过去某一时间来看将来会发生的事。故填would pick。 15．Jenney never imagined that she (become) a doctor. 【答案】would become 【详解】考查时态。句意：珍妮从未想过自己会成为一名医生。become“成为”。本空为that引导的宾语从句的谓语，主句使用的是一般过去时，从句表示从过去看将要发生的动作，时态应用过去将来时，谓语用would become。故填would become。 二、完成句子 1. When he was there he that coffee shop at the street corner after work every day. 当他在那里的时候，他每天下班后都会去街角的那家咖啡店。 【答案】would go to 【详解】考查时态。表示过去经常性、习惯性的动作应用过去将来时，would+动词原形。故填would。 2. He said he be here at eight o'clock. 他说他将在八点钟到达这里。 【答案】would 【详解】考查情态动词。对比中英文句子可知，空格处意为“将”，空格后是原形be，因此空格处是情态动词，由前面的said可知，空格处是情态动词will的过去式would。故填would。 3. 随信一起来的是他的承诺，他说会在即将到来的圣诞节来看我。 Along with the letter was his promise that . 【答案】he would visit me this coming Christmas 【详解】考查同位语从句和时态。根据句意以及句子结构可知，空格处是句子的同位语从句部分，解释说明promise的内容。“即将到来的圣诞节”的英语是this coming Christmas，“来看我”应使用动词短语visit me；根据前面的was以及句意可知，从句应使用过去将来时，因此此处可以翻译为he would visit me this coming Christmas。故填he would visit me this coming Christmas。 4.   more furniture for the new flat the next weekend. 第二个周末他们要为新房子买更多的家具。 【答案】They were going to buy 【详解】考查固定短语，时态和主谓一致。对比中英文句子可知，空格处意为“他们要买”，由the next weekend可知，也就是他们将要买，“将要做某事”是be going to do，“买”是buy，句子描述的是过去将来的事情，时态用过去将来时，主语“他们”是they，是复数，因此be动词用were，位于句首的单词首字母大写，因此空格处是They were going to buy。故填They were going to buy。 5. 他说他会把会议推迟到下周。 He said he the meeting till the next week. 【答案】 would postpone 【详解】考查动词时态。对比中英语句意可知，空处需表示“推迟”之意；postpone“推迟”，动词作宾语从句的谓语；主句谓语动词为said，使用了一般过去时；结合汉语句意可知，空处谓语动词需用过去将来时，表示“过去将会发生的动作”。故填①would ②postpone。 6. 我想明年6月里我将会正在非洲旅行。 I thought I Africa during the next June. 【答案】would be taking a trip in 【详解】考查固定短语。结合句意“在……旅行”短语为take a trip in，且结合后文during the next June以及主句thought可知从句用过去将来时。故填would be taking a trip in。 7. I remember thinking that hold such a note as this… 记得当时我以为我手里永远都不会握有这样一张钞票…… 【答案】never would I 【详解】考查倒装和时态。空处表示“永远都不会”，never为否定副词，意思为：从不，that引导宾语从句，从句中never放在开头，后面要进行部分倒装，表示“将”用would，表示过去将来，提到主语I之前。故填never would I。 8. Jeff knew that he the next day. 杰夫知道他第二天会很累。 【答案】 would be tired 【详解】考查时态。表示“累”应用形容词tired，作表语；主句是一般过去时，that引导的宾语从句使用过去的某个时态，结合“the next day”可知，从句用过去将来时would do。故填would be tired。 9. 我正要上床睡觉的，这时电话响了。 I when the phone rang. 【答案】was about to go to bed 【详解】考查固定句型和动词时态。表示“正要做……，这时……”应用固定句型be about to do...when...，结合“rang”可知，此处为过去将来时，主语为I，be动词用was；表示“去睡觉”应用go to bed，此处使用动词原形。故填was about to go to bed。 10. 他说他不会发火，但让我们失望了。 He said he , but he . 【答案】 wouldn’t let off steam let us down 【详解】考查动词时态和动词短语。表示“发火”应用动词短语let off steam，作said之后宾语从句的谓语动词，由句意及空①前的said可知此处应用过去将来时，“不会”表达为wouldn’t，所以空①填wouldn’t let off steam；表示“让某人失望”应用动词短语let sb down，“我们”用宾格us，let作空②所在句子的谓语动词，根据句意可知“但让我们失望了”陈述过去的事情，此处应用一般过去时，故空①答案为wouldn’t let off steam，空②答案为let us down。 11. 我们刚要出发，天就开始下雨了。 We leave when it began to rain. 【答案】 were about to 【详解】考查动词时态和短语。句意：我们刚要出发，天就开始下雨了。本句为be about to do sth when....句型，再根据“ began ”可知，为过去将来时。故填were about to。 12. 当我在那家公司工作时，我会在早上5点起床。 When I worked in that company, I at 5 am. 【答案】 would get up 【详解】考查时态。“会”表示过去常常做某事，应该用过去将来时，would+动词原形。“起床”为get up。故填would get up。 13. 导游向我们解释了翻山越岭的路线。 The tour guide explained through the mountain. 【答案】the route we would take 【详解】考查定语从句。“路线”使用名词route，常和动词take搭配，表示“走……路线”，用过去将来时表示“我们要走的路线”，route后接一个定语从句we would take，关系代词在从句中作宾语时可省略。故填the route we would take。 14. I the house it started raining heavily. 我正要出门，这时突然下起了大雨。 【答案】 was about to leave when 【详解】考查固定句型。表示“正要做某事，这时……”使用固定句型be about to do sth when，“出门”使用动词短语leave the house，结合started可知此处使用过去的时态，主语是I，be动词使用was，故填①was about to leave②when。 15. Tom close the window his attention was caught by a bird. 汤姆正要关窗户时，一只鸟突然吸引了他的注意力。(about) 【答案】 was about to when 【详解】考查固定句型和时态。表示“正要做……突然……”应用固定句型be about to...when...，结合“was caught”可知，主句使用过去将来时，主语为Tom，be动词用was。故填①was about to；②when。 三、完形填空 Passage 1 Two years ago, when I turned sixty, I began to think of my life at the age of ninety. If I were at that age, I would still want to stay in shape to enjoy life, getting a lot of 1 . Then I decided to 2 a senior fitness center. I called a nearby center, “Do you have aerobics (有氧运动) classes 3 for seniors?” “Sure. Come! We start at 10 am,” the receptionist (接待员) replied and 4 . The next morning, I went there. One part of me doubted that the class was too 5 . The other part feared it was too hard for me to 6 . When I came into the room, a woman 7 me, “Oh, you’re new. Welcome to have a try.” Then the music started. The hour-long workout woke up the muscles I didn’t often 8 in daily walks, suiting me fine. I became a 9 there. My classmates ranged in age from fifty to ninety. Most did the exercises in their own way, doing as much or little as they could. 10 no one kept score. Soon I learned physical well-being wasn’t the only 11 there. During breaks, people 12 happily. Whenever some people were 13 we asked around. Were they busy? Were they in hospital? Moreover, we signed cards for those who were ill. Although I 14 to be in good shape now as I’ve hoped, I’m still grateful for things more valuable from the class-close friendships and new social 15 . 1. A．success B．pressure C．struggle D．pleasure 2. A．build B．rent C．lend D．find 3. A．important B．familiar C．suitable D．necessary 4. A．invited B．comforted C．promised D．remembered 5. A．sure B．easy C．disappointed D．hopeful 6. A．make up for B．look down on C．keep up with D．sign up for 7. A．greeted B．recognized C．helped D．introduced 8. A．relax B．reduce C．strengthen D．use 9. A．guide B．coach C．member D．teacher 10. A．Easily B．Obviously C．Frequently D．Surprisingly 11. A．focus B．problem C．achievement D．contribution 12. A．worked B．debated C．argued D．chatted 13. A．absent B．tired C．unhappy D．lonely 14. A．manage B．fail C．remind D．continue 15. A．backgrounds B．skills C．connections D．duties 【答案】 1. D 2. D 3. C 4. A 5. B 6. C 7. A 8. D 9. C 10. B 11. A 12. D 13. A 14. B 15. C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者60岁为自己在健身中心报名参加有氧课程，收获了比身体健康更重要的东西——亲密的友谊和新的社会关系的故事。 1. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果我在那个年龄，我仍然想保持体形，享受生活，获得很多乐趣。A. success成功；B. pressure压力；C. struggle斗争，奋斗；D. pleasure乐趣。根据“I would still want to stay in shape to enjoy life”可知，作者想要在90岁时还能享受生活，获得乐趣。故选D项。 2. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后我决定找一家老年人健身中心。A. build建造；B. rent租用；C. lend借出；D. find找到。根据下文“Do you have aerobics (有氧运动) classes ___3___ for seniors?”可知，作者想要找一个健身中心。故选D项。 3. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：你们有适合老年人的有氧运动课程吗？A. important重要的；B. familiar熟悉的；C. suitable合适的；D. necessary必要的。根据“for seniors”并结合第一句可知，作者进入了60岁，所以想要寻找适合老年人的课程。故选C项。 4. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：“当然。来！我们上午10点开始，”接待员回答并邀请。A. invited邀请；B. comforted安慰；C. promised承诺；D. remembered记得。根据前文“Sure. Come!”可知，此处为接待员邀请作者去中心体验。故A选项。 5. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一部分的我怀疑这门课太简单了。A. sure确定的；B. easy简单的；C. disappointed失望的；D. hopeful有希望的。根据“The other part feared it was too hard for me”可知，一部分的自己怀疑这个课程太简单。故选B项。 6. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：另一部分的我担心很难跟上。A. make up for弥补；B. look down on看不起；C. keep up with跟上；D. sign up for报名参加。根据“it was too hard for me to”可知，作者又害怕课程太难，自己跟不上。故选C项。 7. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我走进房间时，一位女士向我打招呼：“哦，你是新来的。欢迎你试一试。”A. greeted问候；B. recognized识别出；C. helped帮助；D. introduced介绍。根据“Oh, you’re new. Welcome to have a try.”可知，这是女士问候作者的话语。故选A项。 8. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：长达一小时的锻炼唤醒了我在日常散步中不常使用的肌肉，非常适合我。A. relax放松；B. reduce减少；C. strengthen加强；D. use使用。根据“woke up the muscles”可知，作者平时不怎么用这些肌肉，所以锻炼能唤醒自己的肌肉。故选D项。 9. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我成为了那里的会员。A. guide导游；B. coach教练；C. member成员；D. teacher老师。根据后文“My classmates ranged in age from fifty to ninety.”可知，作者成为了健身中心的一员。故选C项。 10. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：显然没人记分。A. Easily容易地；B. Obviously明显地；C. Frequently频繁地；D. Surprisingly令人惊讶地。根据前文“Most did the exercises in their own way, doing as much or little as they could.”可知，大部分人都是按照自己的方式锻炼，所以大家明显都没有计分。故选B项。 11. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：很快我了解到身体健康并不是唯一的关注点。A. focus关注；B. problem问题；C. achievement成就；D. contribution贡献。根据下文“During breaks, people ___12___ happily.”及“Moreover, we signed cards for those who were ill.”可知，身体健康不是唯一的关注点。故选A项。 12. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：休息时，人们愉快地聊天。A. worked工作；B. debated辩论；C. argued争论；D. chatted聊天。根据“During breaks, people ___12___ happily.”可知，休息时，大家开心地聊天。故选D项。 13. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：每当有人缺席时，我们就四处打听。A. absent缺席的；B. tired劳累的；C. unhappy不开心的；D. lonely孤单的。根据后文“Were they busy? Were they in hospital?”可知，当有些人缺席时，作者和其他人会这样问。故选A项。 14. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然我现在的状态不如我所希望的那样好，但我仍然感激课堂上更有价值的东西——亲密的友谊和新的社会关系。A. manage设法完成；B. fail失败；C. remind提醒；D. continue继续。根据“Although I ___14___ to be in good shape now as I’ve hoped”可知，作者并没有按照希望的那样强健身体。故选B项。 15. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然我现在的状态不如我所希望的那样好，但我仍然感激课堂上更有价值的东西——亲密的友谊和新的社会关系。A. backgrounds背景；B. skills技能；C. connections连接、关系；D. duties责任。根据“the class-close friendships”可知，作者在锻炼时结交了朋友，也建立了新的社会关系。故选C项。 Passage 2 China’s women’s ace Zheng Qinwen has 1 made her name in tennis history after winning the country’s first singles Olympic gold medal in Paris on Saturday, 2 another record to her career. Although China’s world No. 7 Zheng was the sixth seed (6号种子选手) in the Olympic tournament, she met 3 by defeating Croatia’s 13th seed Donna Vekic 6-2, 6-3 at the Roland Garros Stadium. She 4 her opponent four times and lost only one service game to win the gold medal. It was only China’s 5 Olympic gold medal in tennis, following a women’s doubles title won by Li Ting and Sun Tiantian at Athens 2004, and the first in singles. After winning with a forehand shot, Zheng 6 on her back to loud cheers across the Court Philippe-Chatrier, enjoying the 7 moment for her career and for the sport's reputation in China. “ 8 can describe my feeling right now; it’s unreal. I’ve always been hoping to get a medal for China. Finally, I made it,” Zheng said during the on-court interview. “I did everything I could. I think my country will be proud of me; I feel proud of myself. The success is for all my team members, my family, and everyone who 9 me, not just for me.” And for the 10 ?The 21-year-old native of Hubei province just wants to join her family and enjoy some home-cooked food. 1. A．unexpectedly B．successfully. C．accidentally D．doubtfully 2. A．adding B．leaving C．making D．keeping 3. A．enemies B．standards C．requirements D．expectations 4. A．won B．beat C．fought D．avoided 5. A．first B．second C．third D．fourth 6. A．lay down B．looked down C．sat down D．took down 7. A．cheerful B．wonderful C．historic D．meaningful 8. A．Everything. B．Something C．Nothing D．Anything 9. A．believed B．encouraged C．loved D．supported 10. A．preparation B．celebration C．interview D．competition 【答案】 1. B 2. A 3. D 4. B 5. B 6. A 7. C 8. C 9. D 10. B 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道，主要讲述了郑钦文为中国斩获网球历史金牌。 1. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：周六，中国女子网球名将郑钦文在巴黎赢得了中国首枚奥运会单打金牌，为她的职业生涯再添一项纪录。 A. unexpectedly出乎意料地；B. successfully成功地；C. accidentally偶然地；D. doubtfully怀疑地。由下文“after winning the country’s first singles Olympic gold medal in Paris on Saturday”可知，这里指郑钦文“成功地”为她的职业生涯再添一项纪录。故选B项。 2. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：周六，中国女子网球名将郑钦文在巴黎赢得了中国首枚奥运会单打金牌，为她的职业生涯再添一项纪录。A. adding加上；B. leaving离开；C. making制作；D. keeping保持。由上文“after winning the country’s first singles Olympic gold medal in Paris on Saturday”可知，这为郑钦文的职业生涯再“加上”一项纪录。故选A项。 3. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管中国世界排名第七的郑是奥运会的六号种子选手，但她在罗兰加洛斯体育场以6比3击败了克罗地亚的13号种子Donna Vekic6-2，达到了预期。A. enemies敌人；B. standards标准；C. requirements要求；D. expectations期望。由下文“defeating Croatia’s 13th seed Donna Vekic6-2, 6-3 at the Roland Garros Stadium”可知，这里指郑钦文符合人们的“期望”击败了对手。故选D项。 4. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她四次战胜对手，只输了一场发球比赛就获得了金牌。A. won赢；B. beat击败；C. fought打；D. avoided避免。由下文“win the gold medal”可知，这里指郑钦文“赢”了对手而获得金牌。故选B项。 5. 考查序数词词义辨析。句意：这是继李婷和孙甜甜在2004年雅典奥运会上获得女子双打冠军之后，中国在网球方面获得的第二枚奥运金牌，也是第一枚单打金牌。A. first第一个；B. second第二个；C. third第三个；D. fourth第四个。由下文“following a women’s doubles title won by Li Ting and Sun Tiantian at Athens 2004”可知，这枚金牌是中国在网球方面获得的“第二枚”奥运金牌。故选B项。 6. 考查动词词组辨析。句意：在正手击球获胜后，郑仰面躺下，全场响起热烈的欢呼声，这对她的职业生涯和这项运动在中国的声誉来说都是一个历史性的时刻。A. lay down躺下；B. looked down往下看；C. sat down坐下；D. took down取下。由下文“on her back”可知，这里指郑钦文仰面“躺下”庆祝。故选A项。 7. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在正手击球获胜后，郑仰面躺下，全场响起热烈的欢呼声，这对她的职业生涯和这项运动在中国的声誉来说都是一个历史性的时刻。A. cheerful快乐的；B. wonderful精彩的；C. historic历史性的；D. meaningful有意义的。由上文“winning the country’s first singles Olympic gold medal in Paris on Saturday”可知，这是“历史性的”时刻。故选C项。 8. 考查不定代词词义辨析。句意：没有什么能形容我现在的感觉；这太不真实了。A. Everything一切事物；B. Something某物；C. Nothing没有什么；D. Anything任何东西。由上文“on her back to loud cheers across the Court Philippe-Chatrier”可知，郑钦文很激动，“没有什么”可以描述她当时的感受。故选C项。 9. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：成功属于我所有的团队成员、我的家人以及所有支持我的人，而不仅仅是我。 A. believed相信；B. encouraged鼓励；C. loved爱；D. supported支持。由上文“The success is for all my team members, my family”以及语境可知，这里指成功是属于所有“支持”郑钦文的人。故选D项。 10. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：庆祝活动呢？这位21岁的湖北人只想和家人一起吃一些家常菜。A. preparation准备；B. celebration庆祝；C. interview面试；D. competition竞争。由下文“The 21-year-old native of Hubei province just wants to join her family and enjoy some home-cooked food”可知，这是郑钦文期待“庆祝”她成功的方式。故选B项。 Passage 3 Four years ago, the closest I got to nature was the view of the garden from my living room window. But all that 1 when I came across hiking, quite by accident. It started with a 2 from a friend — to join a hiking group for a day out. Nervous, but 3 , I agreed. The first hike was hard. I was 4 and my muscles ached, but as I reached the path’s end, something within me changed. The beautiful view of nature, the sense of achievement-it was extremely 5 . So I 6 to hike more, and in doing so, I noticed some changes. My body grew stronger, my physical 7 improved, and those once-hard hikes became easier. And my mind grew more 8 . The stress of city life 9 with each step. The rush of hiking became my new 10 . I also discovered a community of hikers. Each hike was a 11 to meet new people, share stories and form friendships. These weren’t just people to hike with, but they were fellow 12 sharing the journey of life. As my connection with nature deepened, so did my love for the environment. I found myself 13 cnvironmental protection efforts, understanding that protecting these beautiful paths was a 14 . So now, as I get ready for another hike, I look 15 for the journey ahead and all it will offer. 1. A．remained B．changed C．stopped D．suffered 2. A．wisdom B．reply C．promise D．challenge 3. A．curious B．certain C．anxious D．awkward 4. A．full of power B．short of rest C．out of breath D．wild with joy 5. A．annoying B．amazing C．shocking D．confusing 6. A．decided B．afforded C．refused D．pretended 7. A．appearance B．examination C．education D．strength 8. A．focused B．active C．relaxed D．confident 9. A．advanced B．disappeared C．concentrated D．survived 10. A．addiction B．topic C．trap D．schedule 11. A．race B．strategy C．chance D．debate 12. A．workers B．students C．passengers D．adventurers 13. A．taking part in B．taking control of C．making sense of D．making use of 14. A．goal B．rescue C．responsibility D．solution 15. A．nervously B．excitedly C．silently D．hurriedly 【答案】 1. B 2. D 3. A 4. C 5. B 6. A 7. D 8. C 9. B 10. A 11. C 12. D 13. A 14. C 15. B 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。短文叙述了作者的徒步经历和感受。 1. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但当我偶然接触到徒步旅行时，一切都改变了。A. remained仍需去做（或处理）；B. changed改变；C. stopped停止；D. suffered遭受。根据下文“something within me changed”可知，接触徒步旅行改变了作者。故选B项。 2. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：它始于一个朋友的挑战——参加一个徒步旅行团外出一天。A. wisdom智慧；B. reply回复； C. promise承诺；D. challenge挑战。根据上文作者很少外出参加运动以及根据下文“from a friend — to join a hiking group for a day out.”可知，徒步旅行始于一个朋友的挑战。故选D项。 3. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我既紧张又好奇，于是同意了。A. curious好奇的；B. certain确定的；C. anxious焦虑的；D. awkward尴尬的。根据下文“I agreed”可知，作者很好奇，所以同意了。故选A项。 4. 考查短语词义辨析。句意：我上气不接下气，肌肉酸痛，但当我走到路的尽头时，我的内心发生了变化。A. full of power充满力量；B. short of rest缺乏休息；C. out of breath气喘吁吁；D. wild with joy欣喜若狂。根据上文可知，作者第一次徒步以及下文“my muscles ached”可知，作者的状态是上气不接下气。故选C项。 5. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：美丽的自然景色，那种成就感——真是太棒了。A. annoying烦人；B. amazing令人惊叹的，棒棒的；C. shocking令人震惊的；D. confusing令人困惑的。根据上文“The beautiful view of nature, the sense of achievement”可知，作者感觉太棒了，这是以前从未有过的体验。故选B项。 6. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以我决定多徒步旅行，在这样做的过程中，我注意到了一些变化。A. decided决定；B. afforded支付得起；C. refused拒绝；D. pretended假装。根据上文“The beautiful view of nature, the sense of achievement-it was extremely  ___5___”可知，徒步感觉很好，所以作者决定多徒步旅行。故选A项。 7. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的身体变得更强壮了，身体力量提高了，那些曾经艰难的徒步旅行变得容易了。A.appearance外表；B.examination考试；C.education教育；D. strength力量。根据上文“My body grew stronger”可知，身体力量提高了。故选D项。 8. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的思想变得更加放松。A. focused专注的；B. active积极的；C. relaxed放松的；D. confident自信的。根据下文“The stress of city life  ___9___  with each step.”可知，作者的思想变得更加放松。故选C项。 9. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：每走一步，城市生活的压力就会消失。A. advanced（使）前进；B. disappeared消失； C. concentrated集中；D. survived幸存。根据上文“And my mind grew more  ___8___ .”可知，每走一步，城市生活的压力就会消失。故选B项。 10. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：远足的热潮成了我的新嗜好。A. addiction上瘾，嗜好；B. topic主题；C. trap陷阱；D. schedule日程安排。根据上文“So I  ___6___  to hike more”可知，远足的热潮成了作者的新嗜好。故选A项。 11. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：每次徒步旅行都是一个认识新朋友、分享故事和建立友谊的机会。 A. race 竞赛；B. strategy策略；C. chance机会；D. debate辩论。根据下文“meet new people, share stories and form friendships”以及常识可知，徒步带来了机会。故选C项。 12. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这些人不仅仅是徒步旅行的伙伴，而是分享生命旅程的冒险家。A. workers工人；B. students学生；C. passengers乘客；D. adventurers冒险者。爱徒步的人喜欢冒险，所以他们都是冒险家。故选D项。 13. 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：我自己参与了环境保护工作，明白保护这些美丽的小路是一种责任。A. taking part in参加；B. taking control of控制；C. making sense of理解；D. making use of利用。根据上文“so did my love for the environment”可知，作者参与了环境保护工作。故选A项。 14. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我自己参与了环境保护工作，明白保护这些美丽的小路是一种责任。A. goal目标；B. rescue救援；C. responsibility责任；D. solution解决措施。根据常识可知，保护自然是一种责任。故选C项。 15. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：现在，当我准备又一次远足时，我满怀激动地期待着前方的旅程以及它将带来的一切。A. nervously紧张地；B. excitedly 兴奋地,激动地；C.  silently沉默地；D. hurriedly仓促地。根据上文“The rush of hiking became my new  ___10___ .”可知，作者喜欢上了徒步，所以准备又一次远足时，作者满怀激动地期待着前方的旅程以及它将带来的一切。故选B项。 四、语法填空 Passage 1 My dad is an enthusiastic (狂热的) runner who 1.___________ (great) influenced me when I was young. So I was very sporty before the age of 14. However, when my family moved, my new school didn’t pay much attention 2.___________ sports and had no after-school 3.___________ (activity) like football or running. In the next few years, I stopped exercising apart from during Physical Education lessons at school. It seemed that I was 4.___________ (health). However, I was not. One day, I was late for a bus. I 5.___________ (try) to run after it but was out of breath in a minute! This made me realize how unfit I was. I told my dad about it, and he said he 6.___________ (help) me make a training plan. To help myself get in shape again, I also made a decision that I would take up a kind of sport. A friend of 8.___________ (I) suggested a swimming pool 9.___________ is close to my house. Now, I’m a swimming lover! 10.___________ (find) swimming makes me very relaxed, I swim for an hour three times a week. I hope that I will soon start to feel 11.___________ benefits of regular exercise, and become fitter than before. 答案 1. greatly 2. to 3. activities 4. healthy 5. tried 6. would help 7. mine 8. that/which 9. Finding 10. the 解析 1. greatly 考查副词。句意：我爸爸是个狂热的跑步爱好者，在我小的时候对我影响很大。 修饰动词 “influenced” 需用副词，“great” 的副词形式为 “greatly”，故填 “greatly”。 2. to 考查介词。句意：但是，当我家搬家后，我的新学校不太重视体育，也没有足球、跑步之类的课外活动。 固定搭配 “pay attention to”（重视），故填 “to”。 3. activities 考查名词复数。句意：但是，当我家搬家后，我的新学校不太重视体育，也没有足球、跑步之类的课外活动。 “activity” 是可数名词，由 “like football or running” 可知是多项活动，用复数 “activities”，故填 “activities”。 4. healthy 考查形容词。句意：我看起来很健康。 “was” 后接形容词作表语，“health” 的形容词形式为 “healthy”，故填 “healthy”。 5. tried 考查时态（一般过去时）。句意：我试着追公交车，但一分钟就喘不过气了！ 由 “one day” 和 “was out of breath” 可知动作发生在过去，“try” 的过去式为 “tried”，故填 “tried”。 6. would help 考查时态（过去将来时）。句意：我把这件事告诉了爸爸，他说他会帮我制定一个训练计划。 “said” 是过去时，“帮我制定计划” 是过去看来将要发生的动作，用过去将来时 “would + 动词原形”，故填 “would help”。 7. mine 考查代词。句意：我的一个朋友推荐了我家附近的一个游泳池。 固定结构 “a friend of + 名词性物主代词”，“I” 的名词性物主代词为 “mine”，故填 “mine”。 8. that/which 考查定语从句。句意：我的一个朋友推荐了我家附近的一个游泳池。 先行词 “a swimming pool” 是物，定语从句缺主语，用关系代词 “that/which”，故填 “that/which”。 9. Finding 考查非谓语动词（现在分词）。句意：发现游泳让我很放松，我每周游泳三次，每次一小时。 逻辑主语 “I” 与 “find” 是主动关系，现在分词作原因状语，故填 “Finding”（首字母大写）。 10. the 考查冠词。句意：我希望我很快就能感受到规律运动的好处，变得比以前更健康。 “benefits” 后有 “of regular exercise” 修饰，表特指，用定冠词 “the”，故填 “the”。 Passage 2 Do you like walking fast or slowly? A study shows that people who have a quicker walking pace live 1.___________ (long) than those who walk more slowly. The researchers of the study arrived at 2.___________ (they) findings after studying the walking habits and deaths of nearly 475,000 people, most of 3 were in their 50s at the start of the study. Quick walkers hit the speed of 3.___________ mph — about 100 steps a minute and 4.___________ (general) they walk faster than most other walkers. Slow walkers walk at the speed of 1 mph to 2 mph, or just 50 steps a minute. Last month, I talked to one of the researchers, who said they 5.___________ (publish) a follow-up report the next year to further explain the link between walking pace and lifespan. The results pointed out that 6.___________ (weigh) is not a determining factor (因素) among the walkers but their pacing. The researchers also found that fast walking could cut the risk of heart-related diseases. So, whether you are overweight or 8.___________ shape, fast walking is helpful to your body. Those who sit for long 9.___________ (hour) at work every day are advised 10.___________ (do) some fast walking after work. However, how much time you spend 11.___________ (walk) shouldn’t be ignored. It’s not just the intensity (强度) but also the lasting time that counts. 答案: 1. longer 2. their 3. whom 4. generally 5. would publish 6. weight 7. in 8. hours 9. to do 10. walking 解析 1. longer 考查形容词比较级。句意：一项研究表明，走路速度快的人比走路慢的人活得更长。 由标志词 “than”（比）可知，此处需用形容词比较级，“long” 的比较级为 “longer”，故填 “longer”。 2. their 考查代词。句意：研究人员在研究了近 47.5 万人的步行习惯和死亡情况后得出了这一发现。 修饰名词 “findings”（发现）需用形容词性物主代词，“they” 的形容词性物主代词为 “their”，故填 “their”。 3. whom 考查定语从句。句意：研究开始时，其中大多数人都 50 多岁了。 先行词 “nearly 475,000 people”（人），关系词前有 “most of”，且在从句中作宾语，需用宾格关系代词 “whom”，故填 “whom”。 4. generally 考查副词。句意：快走者的速度达到每小时 3 英里 —— 大约每分钟 100 步，通常他们比大多数其他步行者走得快。 修饰整个句子需用副词，“general” 的副词形式为 “generally”（通常），故填 “generally”。 5. would publish 考查时态（过去将来时）。句意：上个月，我和其中一位研究人员谈过，他说他们明年将发表一份后续报告，进一步解释步行速度和寿命之间的联系。 “said”（说）是过去时，“next year”（明年）是相对于 “said” 而言的 “将来”，需用过去将来时 “would + 动词原形”，故填 “would publish”。 6. weight 考查名词。句意：结果指出，体重并不是步行者的决定因素，步速才是。 空格处作主语，需用名词，“weigh” 的名词形式为 “weight”（体重），故填 “weight”。 7. in 考查介词。句意：所以，无论你是超重还是体型良好，快走对你的身体都有帮助。 固定搭配 “in shape”（体型良好、身体健康），故填 “in”。 8. hours 考查名词复数。句意：建议那些每天工作久坐数小时的人下班后快走。 “long” 修饰可数名词复数，“hour” 的复数形式为 “hours”，故填 “hours”。 9. to do 考查非谓语动词（不定式）。句意：建议那些每天工作久坐数小时的人下班后快走。 固定搭配 “be advised to do sth.”（被建议做某事），故填 “to do”。 10. walking 考查非谓语动词（动名词）。句意：然而，你花多少时间走路也不容忽视。 固定搭配 “spend time (in) doing sth.”（花费时间做某事），“in” 可省略，故填 “walking”。 Passage 3 Doing Sports, like jogging in the park or going to a fitness center, will not only make you more energetic, 1.___________ also better your overall health. Involving yourself in sports will improve the development of your heart and lungs and help them work 2.___________ (effective). Additionally, regular exercise will build up your body by contributing 3.___________ the development of your muscles, bones and joints and will also help you maintain a healthy body weight. Last week, my coach told me that consistent training 4.___________ (strengthen) my physical condition in three months. Another benefit of exercise is that it will improve your body’s immune system, 5.___________ (make) you better prepared to fight off illnesses. Sport, as well as being a physical activity, has a mental aspect too. It can help define who you are and who you can become. Sport promotes (促进) the development of a number of characters 7.___________ are important for a successful and fulfilling life. Included here are three 8.___________ (quality) worthy of special consideration. Firstly, sport requires self-discipline, without which it is easy to give up. Secondly, sport will encourage you 9.___________ (maintain) a positive and balanced outlook. Finally, sport will help you understand the 10.___________ (important) of teamwork. Start sports and you will live 11.___________ healthy life! 答案 1. but 2. effectively 3. to 4. would strengthen 5. making 6. that/which 7. qualities 8. to maintain 9. importance 10. a 解析 1. but 考查连词。句意：做运动，比如在公园慢跑或去健身中心，不仅会让你更有活力，还会改善你的整体健康。 固定搭配 “not only...but also...”（不仅…… 而且……），故填 “but”。 2. effectively 考查副词。句意：参与运动将促进你的心肺发育，帮助它们有效运作。 修饰动词 “work”（运作）需用副词，“effective” 的副词形式为 “effectively”（有效地），故填 “effectively”。 3. to 考查介词。句意：此外，规律的锻炼通过促进肌肉、骨骼和关节的发育来增强体质，还能帮助你维持健康的体重。 固定搭配 “contribute to”（促进、有助于），故填 “to”。 4. would strengthen 考查时态（过去将来时）。句意：上周，我的教练告诉我，坚持训练三个月后我的身体状况会得到增强。 “told”（告诉）是过去时，“in three months”（三个月后）是相对于 “told” 而言的 “将来”，表示从过去看将要发生的动作，用过去将来时 “would + 动词原形”，故填 “would strengthen”。 5. making 考查非谓语动词（现在分词）。句意：运动的另一个好处是它能改善你的免疫系统，让你更好地抵御疾病。 逻辑主语 “it will improve your body’s immune system” 与 “make”（使）是主动关系，现在分词作结果状语，故填 “making”。 6. that/which 考查定语从句。句意：运动促进多种性格的发展，这些性格对成功且充实的人生很重要。 先行词 “characters”（性格）是物，定语从句中缺主语，用关系代词 “that” 或 “which”，故填 “that/which”。 7. qualities 考查名词复数。句意：这里有三个值得特别考虑的品质。 “three”（三个）后接可数名词复数，“quality” 的复数形式为 “qualities”，故填 “qualities”。 8. to maintain 考查非谓语动词（不定式）。句意：其次，运动将鼓励你保持积极平衡的心态。 固定搭配 “encourage sb. to do sth.”（鼓励某人做某事），故填 “to maintain”。 9. importance 考查名词。句意：最后，运动将帮助你理解团队合作的重要性。 定冠词 “the” 后接名词，“important” 的名词形式为 “importance”（重要性），故填 “importance”。 10. a 考查冠词。句意：开始运动吧，你会过上健康的生活！ 固定搭配 “live a...life”（过…… 的生活），“healthy” 以辅音音素开头，故填不定冠词 “a”。 22 / 22 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$