第1讲 一般现在时&一般过去时&一般将来时-【春季高考必胜】2026年小高考英语总复习 满分冲刺（广东省专用）

春季高考·必胜 第1讲 一般现在时&一般过去时&一般将来时 内容提要 核心语法回顾 专项能力突破 解题综合提升 一、一般现在时：用法、关键词及句子结构 一般现在时表示习惯性、经常性动作，当前状态或客观真理，需根据主语人称（三单 / 非三单）调整动词形式，常搭配频度副词或固定时间状语。 用法 关键词 / 标志词 句子结构 示例 习惯性 / 经常性动作 always, usually, often, every day/week, twice a month 非三单：主语 + 动词原形 + 其他 三单：主语 + 动词三单形式 + 其他 She cleans her room every day. 当前状态 / 个性 无特定标志，描述现存特征 主语 + be 动词（am/is/are） + 表语 He is kind and helpful. 客观真理 / 科学事实 无特定标志，描述普遍规律 主语 + 动词（三单 / 原形） + 其他 主语 + be 动词 + 表语 The sun rises from the east. 注意事项： 1. 三单判断：主语为 “他 / 她 / 它、单数名词、不可数名词” 时，动词需用三单形式（如 “the dog runs”“water boils”）。 2. 动词三单变化：以 “sh/ch/x/o/s” 结尾加 “es”（wash→washes）；辅音 + y 结尾变 y 为 i 加 “es”（study→studies）；特殊变化 “have→has”。 3. 句型转换：含 be 动词直接加 “not” 变否定（is→isn’t）；含行为动词需用助动词 “do/does”（三单用 does，后接动词原形）。 二、一般过去时：用法、时间标志及动词变化 一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，需使用动词过去式，常搭配明确的过去时间状语。 用法 时间标志词 句子结构 示例 过去的动作 yesterday, last week, 3 days ago, just now 主语 + 动词过去式 + 其他 She played badminton yesterday. 过去的状态 before, then, once upon a time 主语 + was/were + 表语（单数用 was，复数用 were） They were happy last night. 动词过去式变化规则表 变化类型 规则说明 示例 规则变化 一般动词加 “-ed” work→worked, cook→cooked 以不发音 e 结尾加 “-d” like→liked, hope→hoped 辅音 + y 结尾变 y 为 i 加 “-ed” study→studied, try→tried 重读闭音节双写尾字母加 “-ed” stop→stopped, plan→planned 不规则变化 需特殊记忆 go→went, eat→ate, have→had 注意事项： 1. 句型转换：含 be 动词直接加 “not”（was→wasn’t）；含行为动词需用助动词 “did”，后接动词原形（如否定句：He didn’t go. 一般疑问句：Did he go?）。 2. 不规则动词：需重点记忆常用词（如 do→did, see→saw, take→took），避免混淆。 3. 时间标志词区分：“ago” 表示 “多久前”（3 days ago），“last” 后接时间名词（last month），不可与 “in” 连用（错误：in yesterday）。 三、一般将来时：结构、时间标志及句型转换 一般将来时表示将要发生的动作、状态或计划，主要有 “will/shall + 动词原形” 和 “be going to + 动词原形” 两种结构，常搭配将来时间状语。 结构 适用场景 时间标志词 示例 will/shall + 动原 表临时决定、预测或正式安排（shall 用于 I/we） tomorrow, next year, soon, in 2030 I will go shopping tomorrow. be going to + 动原 表计划、打算或有迹象发生的动作 the day after tomorrow, tonight She is going to buy some books. 句型转换对比表 句型类型 will 结构 be going to 结构 否定句 主语 + won’t + 动原 主语 + be not + going to + 动原 一般疑问句 Will + 主语 + 动原？ Be + 主语 + going to + 动原？ 肯定回答 Yes, 主语 + will. Yes, 主语 + be. 注意事项： 1. 结构选择：“be going to” 强调计划（如 “I’m going to study”），“will” 强调临时决定（如 “OK, I will help you”）。 2. 特殊用法：位移动词（go, come, leave）可用现在进行时表将来（如 “The bus is coming.”）。 3. 否定缩写：will not = won’t，不可缩写为 “willn’t”。 一、单句语法填空：用所给词的适当形式填空 1．Does life on other planets? (exist) 【答案】exist 【详解】考查动词和时态。句意：其他星球上是否存在生命？所填动词作句子的谓语动词，结合助动词“Does”可知，句子为一般疑问句，且使用一般现在时，因此这里填动词原形。故填exist。 2．The dog puts down the bag, jumps up and (press) the button. 【答案】presses 【详解】考查时态。句意：这只狗放下袋子，跳起来并按下按钮。空处和puts、jumps并列作谓语，需用一般现在时，主语是单数名词the dog，所以空处谓语动词需用单数presses。故填presses。 3．The calm lake (reflect) the mountains like a perfect mirror. 【答案】reflects 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：平静的湖面宛如一面完美的镜子，映照着群山。所填动词作句子的谓语动词，结合语境，这里讲述客观事实，用一般现在时；主语为第三人称单数，动词用单数形式。故填reflects。 4．Most of the students (be) boys. 【答案】are 【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：学生中大部分是男孩。陈述客观事实，为一般现在时。主语most of the students表示复数概念，动词需用复数形式；be在一般现在时为are。故填are。 5．Lucy often (do) his homework at seven. 【答案】does 【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：露西经常在七点做作业。根据often可知，句子描述的是经常性、习惯性的动作，应用一般现在时，主语Lucy为第三人称单数，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式，do的第三人称单数形式为does。故填does。 6．The crew were paid off as soon as the ship (dock). 【答案】docked 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：船一靠岸，船员们就领到了工资。空处为as soon as引导的时间状语从句的谓语；根据主句谓语动词were paid off可知，句子描述过去发生的事情，时态用一般过去时，谓语用dock“停靠码头”的过去式docked。故填docked。 7．He (whisper) to me that he was afraid. 【答案】whispered 【详解】考查时态。句意：他低声对我说他很害怕。空处作主句谓语，结合从句中的was可知，这里表示过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。故填whispered。 8．He (beg) forgiveness for what he had done. 【答案】begged 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：他为自己的所作所为祈求原谅。本空为主句谓语，主句描述过去发生的事情，时态应用一般过去时；谓语用beg“祈求”的过去式begged。故填begged。 9．It is five years since he (join) the army. 【答案】joined 【详解】考查时态。句意：他参军已经五年了。本空为since引导的时间状语从句的谓语，从句描述的是过去发生的动作，时态应用一般过去时，谓语用动词join“加入”的过去式。故填joined。 10．He (join) the League two years ago. 【答案】joined 【详解】考查时态。句意：他两年前入团了。根据时间状语two years ago可知，句子描述的是过去发生的动作，时态应用一般过去时，谓语动词用join“加入”的过去式是joined。故填joined。 11．Look！It (be) going to rain. 【答案】is 【详解】考查时态。句意：看！要下雨了。句子描述的是将要发生的动作，时态用一般将来时，谓语用be going to，It为主语，be动词用is。故填is。 12．Michael (teach) in Yunnan from February to June next year. 【答案】will teach 【详解】考查时态。句意：迈克尔明年二月到六月将在云南任教。根据时间状语“from February to June next year”可知，这是一个将来的时间段，所以句子用一般将来时。故填will teach。 13．I (leave) for London next Monday. 【答案】will leave 【详解】考查时态。句意：我下星期一将启程去伦敦。设空处为谓语，根据next Monday可知应用一般将来时，故填will leave。 14．I’m afraid there (be) a meeting this afternoon. 【答案】will be 【详解】考查时态。句意：恐怕今天下午会有个会议。设空处为从句谓语，根据this afternoon可知应是一般将来时，故填will be。 15．If you take a fish out of water, it (die). 【答案】will die 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：如果你把鱼从水里拿出来，它会死的。If引导条件状语从句中为一般现在时，空处为主句谓语，应用一般将来时表示将来可能发生的结果，构成will do结构。故填will die。 二、完成句子 1. 永不放弃，不断努力，你就一定会成功进入决赛。 Never give up, keep trying and you’ll to the final of the competition. 【答案】 make it 【详解】考查时态和短语。make it to sth.表示“成功做成某事”，根据空格前you’ll 以及句意可知，本句为一般现在时，所以空格处应填动词原形，所以应填make it。故填①make ②it。 2. 让我试试吧， 教练！我不会让您失望。 Let me try, coach! I won’t . 【答案】let you down 【详解】考查动词短语。让某人失望为let sb down。won’t后接动词原形。故填 let you down。 3. 我相信我们的努力肯定会有作用。 I believe that our efforts will definitely a . 【答案】 make difference 【详解】考查固定短语。对比中英文句子可知，空格处意为“有作用”，是固定短语make a difference，因此空格处分别是make和difference，make使用原形形式，与空前的will构成一般将来时，符合题意。故填make，difference。 4. 这会占用我的一部分空闲时间，但是这段友谊值得我付出额外的时间和努力。 It’ll some of my spare time, but this friendship is worth my extra time and effort. 【答案】 take up 【详解】考查固定短语和时态。对比中英文句子可知，空格处意为“占用”，是固定短语take up，It’ll是It will的缩写，will是情态动词，其后跟动词原形，句子时态是一般将来时，因此take用原形，故填take，up。 5. 我晚上6点到车站接你。(pick up) I’ll at the station at 6 pm. 【答案】pick you up 【详解】考查动词短语。表示“（开车）接”用动词短语pick up，will后接动词原形形式，构成一般将来时，后接代词宾语you，位置在动词和副词之间。故填pick you up。 6. 他关掉电视， 穿上外套， 出门了。 He turned off the television, and walked out. (put on) 【答案】put on his coat 【详解】考查固定短语及时态。put on意为“穿上”，根据句中turned off、walked out可知，句子描述过去发生的事情，时态为一般过去时，用put的过去式put；“他的外套”用his coat，作put on的宾语。故填put on his coat。 7. 她拒绝了他单独做那项工作的请求。(demand) She that he should do the work alone. 【答案】refused the demand 【详解】考查动词。本题要翻译“拒绝了请求”。“拒绝”用refused表示，陈述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时；“请求”用the demand表示，用the表示特指。故填refused the demand。 8. 在老师的帮助和他自己的努力下，汤姆终于实现了他的目标。（achieve） With the teacher’s help and his own efforts, Tom finally . 【答案】 achieved his goal 【详解】考查动词和名词。结合提示可知“实现”使用动词achieve，“目标”使用名词goal，此处表示单数意义，句子是描述过去发生的事情，使用一般过去时，故填①achieved②his③goal。 9. My teacher . 老师向我推荐了一本好词典。 【答案】recommended me a good dictionary 【详解】考查时态、固定搭配。表示“推荐”用recommend，事情发生在过去，时态用一般过去时，谓语用过去式recommended。表示“向某人推荐某物”用recommend sb. sth.，表示“一本好词典”用a good dictionary，作recommended的直接宾语，表示“我”用me，作间接宾语。故填recommended me a good dictionary。 10. 为了保持健康，医生建议我马上戒烟。（advise） To keep healthy, the doctor smoking in no time. 【答案】advised me to give up 【详解】考查动词短语和时态。根据中英文句子可知，空处缺少“建议我戒掉”的英文表达。表示“建议某人做某事”应用所给提示词advise的固定搭配advise sb. to do sth.，其中动词advise意为“建议”，结合语境可知，医生提出建议应是已经发生的动作，用一般过去时，advise用过去式advised，“我”用宾格me作advise的宾语，表示“戒掉”用固定短语give up，即用不定式形式to give up作宾补。故填advised me to give up。 11. 属于联合王国的四个国家在某些领域进行合作。 The four countries that the United Kingdom work together in some areas. 【答案】belong to 【详解】考查动词短语。表示“属于”短语为belong to，且陈述事实用一般现在时，谓语与先行词The four countries保持一致，用原形。故填belong to。 12. 这张照片总是使我回想起童年的快乐时光。 The photo always me of my happy childhood. 【答案】reminds 【详解】考查动词、时态和主谓一致。“使想起”用动词remind表示；句子描述经常性的动作，应该用一般现在时；主语是the photo，谓语动词应该用第三人称单数形式。故填reminds。 13. 这幅画反映了那个时代的典型风格。 This painting the style of that era 【答案】 reflects typical 【详解】考查动词和形容词。对比中英文句子可知，第一空表示“反映”，应用动词reflect，作谓语，陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时，主语this painting是第三人称单数，谓语动词用单数形式；第二空表示“典型的”，应用形容词typical，作定语修饰style。故填reflects；typical。 14. People now tourism, and regard it as a lifestyle. 人们现在对旅游持更加积极的态度，并将其视为一种生活方式。 【答案】have/ take a more positive attitude to/ towards 【详解】考查动词短语和时态。此处表示“对……持更加积极的态度”，应用动词短语have/ take a more positive attitude to/ towards，根据now可知，句子描述的是现在的情况，应用一般现在时，主语为people，谓语动词用原形形式。故填have/ take a more positive attitude to/ towards。 15. 众所周知，计算机在现代社会中起着重要的作用。（play a part） As we all know, computers in modern society. 【答案】play an important part 【详解】考查动词短语和时态。根据句意以及提示的内容可知，“起着重要的作用”常用固定动词短语play an important part，句子描述的是计算机在现代社会的客观作用，属于一般性事实，因此时态用一般现在时；主语“computers”为复数，谓语动词用原形play。故填 play an important part。 三、完形填空 Passage 1 The coronavirus pandemic(冠状病毒流行) influencing our world has shown us that kindness is more important than before. It’s also taught us some 1 lessons about responsibility and generosity. David is only 13 years old, but he’s already spent the past seven years of his life 2 his community. Since the deadly coronavirus 3 in his city, he’s been getting over 5,000 masks, food, clothing and 4 for others. The teen’s determination to do good for others comes from being supported in some 5 of his own: David was born with arms that are different from most others. 6 his disability, his family has been encouraging him all the way in his 7 efforts, and he has been collecting 8 for people in need since the age of six. When 9 how long he planned to keep helping others, he said, “Probably the 10 of my life.” Once David helped find a hotel for a 11 old man to stay in, the old man only had one sentence to 12 his new friend. “He’s an angel, ”he said 13 . Kindness is like spreading hugs around the world to those who need it. The 14 could be something small, but eventually, make a 15 difference to the person receiving it. 1. A．previous B．personal C．worthwhile D．virtual 2. A．establishing B．serving C．observing D．advertising 3. A．slowdown B．fall down C．go out D．broke out 4. A．albums B．details C．awards D．shelters 5. A．challenges B．defences C．mistakes D．crashes 6. A．Rather than B．Despite C．According to D．Besides 7. A．selfless B．special C．legal D．extra 8. A．stamps B．evidence C．data D．supplies 9. A．greeted B．told C．asked D．reminded 10. A．beginning B．rest C．end D．middle 11. A．kind B．powerful C．homeless D．calm 12. A．impress B．describe C．attract D．admire 13. A．professionally B．eagerly C．thankfully D．gracefully 14. A．chances B．plans C．losses D．acts 15. A．great B．little C．creative D．limited 【答案】 1. C 2. B 3. D 4. D 5. D 6. B 7. D 8. D 9. C 10. B 11. C 12. B 13. C 14. D 15. A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了主人公David尽管身体残疾，但他一直努力帮助需要帮助的人。新冠病毒爆发以来，他一直都在收集物资，为所在的社区服务，尽自己的一份责任。 1. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它还教会了我们一些关于责任和慷慨的有价值的课程。A. previous以前的；B personal私人的，个人的；C. worthwhile有价值的；D. virtual虚拟的。根据后文“about responsibility and generosity”可知新冠也教会了我们关于责任和宽容有价值的课程。故选C项。 2. 考查动名词词义辨析。句意：David只有13岁，但他已经在过去的七年里为他的社区服务。A. establishing建立；B. serving服务；C. observing观察；D. advertising广告。根据后文“Since the deadly coronavirus ____3____ in his city, he’s been getting over 5,000 masks, food, clothing and ____4____ for others.”可知小男孩为社区服务。故选B项。 3. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：自从他所在的城市爆发致命的冠状病毒以来，他已经为其他人募集了5000多个口罩、食物、衣服和避难所。A. slow down慢下来；B. fall down跌倒，倒塌下来；C. go out出去；D. broke out爆发。根据前文“The coronavirus pandemic(冠状病毒流行) influencing our world has shown us that kindness is more important than before.”可知新冠的爆发应使用固定短语break out。故选D项。 4. 考查名词词义辨析。句意同上题。A. albums专辑；B. details细节；C. awards奖品；D. shelters避难处。根据上文中的coronavirus和masks，food，clothing可知，此空应填与救济、抗疫物资相关的选项，应该是shelters。故选D项。 5. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这个青少年为他人做好事的决心来自于在灾难崩溃之际受到帮助。A. challenges挑战；B. defences防御；C. mistakes错误；D. crashes崩溃。根据后文的“David  was  born  with  arms  that  are  different  from most others. ____6____ his disability, his family has been encouraging him all the way in his ____7____ efforts”可知David身体有残疾，他帮助别人的决心源于自己在灾难崩溃之际也受到帮助。故选D项。 6. 考查介词以及介词短语辨析。句意：尽管David生来残疾，但是他的家人在他格外努力时一直不断地鼓励他。A. Rather than而不是；B. Despite尽管；C. According to根据；D. Besides除了。根据句意，可知此处意为“尽管”表示让步关系。故选B项。 7. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上题。A. selfless无私的；B. special特别的；C. legal法定的，合法的；D. extra额外的，分外的，格外的。根据后文“and he has been collecting  ____8____ for people in need since the age of six.”可知虽然身有残疾 还是会帮助有需要的人，此处强调David格外努力克服困难。故选D项。 8. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他从六岁起就一直在为有需要的人收集物资。A. stamps邮票；B. evidence证据；C. data数据；D. supplies日用物资。根据后文“for people in need”可知人们需要的东西是日常供给。故选D项。 9. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当他计划帮助别人多久时，他说：“可能是我的余生。”A. greeted问候；B. told告诉；C. asked问；D. reminded提醒。根据后文“how long he planned to keep helping others”可知此处意为“被问及”。故选C项。 10. 考查名词词义辨析。句意同上题。A. beginning开始；B. rest剩余部分；C. end最后部分；D. middle中间。David愿以余生为他人奉献，the rest of my life意为“余生”。故选B项。 11. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：有一次David帮一位无家可归的老人找了一家酒店住。A. kind善良的；B. powerful有权力的；C. homeless无家可归的；D. calm平静的。根据前文“David helped find a hotel”可知这位老人是没有家的。故选C项。 12. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这位老人对他的新朋友只有一句话。A. impress使印象深刻；B. describe描述；C. attract吸引；D. admire崇拜。根据后文“He’s an angel”可知这是老人对David的描述。故选B项。 13. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：老人心怀感激感地说。A. professionally职业性地；B. eagerly热切地，渴望地；C. thankfully感激地；D. gracefully优雅地。David为一位无家可归的老人安排了旅馆居住，所以老人心怀感激感地评价David为天使。故选C项。 14. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这些行为可能是小事，但最终会对接受的人产生巨大的影响。A. chances机会；B. plans计划；C. losses损失；D. acts行为。根据句意，善行虽小，影响却很大，这里指David的善行。故选D项。 15. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上题。A. great伟大的；B. little小的；C. creative有创造力的；D. limited受限制的。根据前面small和but可知，此处填small的反义词great，意为“善行虽小，但对受助者影响很大”。故选A项。 Passage 2 Katie Stagliano was 9 years old and she was in the third grade. At the beginning of the new term, she began a gardening project as part of a school 1 . Her teacher told her to plant vegetable seeds in her home garden. Katie took this work 2 . She carefully planted the seeds and she felt 3 as she found three tiny green cabbage leaves grow to become a huge and 40-pound cabbage. Later, as a(n) 4 , Katie and other students started planting vegetable gardens throughout the community. They donated (捐赠) their 5 to the local soup kitchen. Katie dreamed of one day 6 her hobby into a harvest movement where the vegetable gardens would help support soup kitchens and food shelter organizations. She 7 ending food insecurity (不安全) worldwide by growing one vegetable garden. In 2010, the only local soup kitchen in Katie’s community 8 because of money. The closure 9 her to turn her dream into a reality when she started Katie’s Krops. Through the non-profit (非营利的) organization, volunteers 10 meals using vegetables donated by the gardens, and anyone in 11 within the community was invited. In the beginning, Katie’s Krops hosted weekly community 12 that provided up to 200 meals at a time. The student-run gardens 13 with Katie’s Krops now include 100 gardens across the United State. Totally, they have donated 500,000 pounds of fresh vegetables and have served more than 40,000 meals to those 14 with food insecurity. In addition, the Katie’s Krops outdoor classroom provides gardening classes and hands-on 15 to children, adults and families. The organization hopes to teach children how to become good stewards (管家) of the Earth. 1. A．game B．task C．trip D．rule 2. A．doubtfully B．helplessly C．quietly D．seriously 3. A．amazed B．relaxed C．annoyed D．anxious 4. A．attitude B．hope C．hobby D．fashion 5. A．time B．products C．money D．thoughts 6. A．knocking B．preventing C．dividing D．developing 7. A．imagined B．remembered C．prevented D．forgot 8. A．took off B．moved on C．shut down D．worked out 9. A．chose B．drove C．ordered D．warned 10. A．sold B．threw C．cleaned D．prepared 11. A．need B．action C．search D．line 12. A．interviews B．concerts C．dinners D．performances 13. A．disagreed B．connected C．discussed D．separated 14. A．struggling B．escaping C．feeding D．exchanging 15. A．stress B．price C．housework D．knowledge 【答案】 1. B 2. D 3. A 4. C 5. B 6. D 7. A 8. C 9. B 10. D 11. A 12. C 13. B 14. A 15. D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了Katie上三年级时开始了一个园艺项目。她把种菜的爱好发展成了一项蔬菜运动，将收获的蔬菜捐给当地的施舍处，并每周举办社区聚会，免费提供膳食，帮助食物缺乏的人。 1. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在新学期开始时，她开始了一个园艺项目，作为学校任务的一部分。A. game游戏；B. task任务；C. trip旅行；D. rule规则。根据下文“Her teacher told her to plant vegetable seeds in her home garden”可知，这是老师布置的任务。故选B项。 2. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：凯蒂认真地对待这项任务。A. doubtfully怀疑地；B. helplessly无助地；C. quietly安静地；D. seriously认真地。根据下文“She carefully planted the seeds”可知，Katie是非常认真地对待这项任务。故选D项。 3. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她小心翼翼地种下种子，当她发现三片小小的绿色卷心菜叶子长成一棵40磅重的大卷心菜时，她感觉非常惊讶。A. amazed惊讶的；B. relaxed放松的；C. annoyed惹恼的；D. anxious焦虑的。根据下文“three tiny green cabbage leaves grow to become a huge and 40-pound cabbage”可知，小菜叶子变成大白菜是令人惊讶的。故选A项。 4. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：后来，作为一种爱好，和其他学生开始在整个社区种植菜园。A. attitude态度；B. hope希望；C. hobby爱好；D. fashion时尚。根据下文“Katie dreamed of one day  ____6____  her hobby into a harvest movement where the vegetable gardens would help support soup kitchens and food shelter organizations.”可知，Katie把种蔬菜当成了爱好。故选C项。 5. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们把产品捐给了当地的施舍处。A. time时间；B. products产品；C. money钱；D. thoughts思想。根据下文“Katie dreamed of one day  ____6____  her hobby into a harvest movement where the vegetable gardens would help support soup kitchens and food shelter organizations.”可知，是把收获的蔬菜捐给了当地的施舍处。故选B项。 6. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Katie梦想有一天能把她的爱好变成一场丰收运动，菜园会帮助支持施粥所和食物收容所组织。A. knocking敲门；B. preventing防止；C. dividing划分；D. developing发展。根据下文“into a harvest movement where the vegetable gardens would help support soup kitchens and food shelter organizations”可知，Katie种菜不仅仅是一个爱好，而是要把它发展成一项运动，故选D项。 7. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她设想通过种植一个菜园来结束世界范围内的粮食不安全。A. imagined想象；B. remembered记住；C. prevented预防；D. forgot忘记。根据下文“by growing one vegetable garden”可知，吃自己种的蔬菜地安全的，因而就没有粮食不安全的问题了，这是一个世界范围内大问题，Katie现在还是孩子，只能想象一下解决粮食安全问题。故选A项。 8. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：2010年，凯蒂所在社区的唯一一家施舍处，因为钱的原因而倒闭了。A. took off脱下，起飞；B. moved on移动；C. shut down关闭；D. worked out解决。根据下文“because of money. The closure  ____9____  her to turn her dream into a reality when she started Katie’s Krops.”可知，因为缺钱，施舍处只能倒闭。注意提示词“closure”。故选C项。 9. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当她创办Katie的Krops时，施舍处的倒闭驱使她将梦想变成了现实。A. chose选择；B. drove驱动，驾驶；C. ordered命令；D. warned警告。根据下文“Through the non-profit (非营利的) organization, volunteers  ____10____  meals using vegetables donated by the gardens, and anyone in  ____11____  within the community was invited.”可知，施舍处倒闭后，才举办每周的社区聚会，免费提供膳食。故选B项。 10. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：通过非盈利组织，志愿者用菜园捐赠的蔬菜准备了饭，社区里的所有有需要的人都被邀请了。A. sold卖出；B. threw投掷；C. cleaned清洁；D. prepared准备。根据下文“meals using vegetables donated by the gardens”可知，用捐赠的蔬菜准备饭菜。故选D项。 11. 考查名词词义辨析。句意同上题。A. need需要；B. action动作；C. search搜索；D. line线。根据常识可知，施舍饭菜是给那些有需要的人。故选A项。 12. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：一开始，凯蒂的Krops每周举办社区聚餐，每次提供多达200份膳食。A. interviews采访；B. concerts音乐会；C. dinners晚餐；D. performances表演。根据下文“that provided up to 200 meals at a time”可知，是提供的是餐食。故选C项。 13. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：与Katie的Krops相连的学生经营的菜园在美国各地有100个。A. disagreed不同意；B. connected连接；C. discussed讨论；D. separated分开。根据上文“Through the non-profit (非营利的) organization, volunteers____10__ meals using vegetables donated by the gardens”可知，Katie的Krops和菜园是相联系的。故选B项。 14. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们总共捐赠了50万磅新鲜蔬菜，并为那些缺乏食物保障的人提供了4万多顿饭。A. struggling挣扎；B. escaping逃逸；C. feeding喂食；D. exchanging交换。根据下文“food insecurity”可知，是与缺乏食物保障作斗争。故选A项。 15. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：此外，凯蒂的Krops室外教室为儿童、成人和家庭提供园艺课程和动手操作知识。A. stress强调，应力；B. price价格；C. housework家务；D. knowledge知识。根据下文“The organization hopes to teach children how to become good stewards (管家) of the Earth.”可知，这传授的知识。故选D项。 Passage 3 Afraid to have a start, I was walking slowly into my first school in America. I had 1 a long way from India in order to join my parents. My father decided that I would go to school here, so I 2 a local high school in my new town. With 3 and fear, I arrived at the classroom. Everyone’s eyes were on me as I entered the classroom. I went straight to the 4 and asked him if I was in the right class. With a soft voice, he answered, “Yes”. His voice 5 me a little. Then he asked me to 6 where I would sit. I chose the 7 closest to the door. I spent the rest of the class taking notes from the 8 produced by the overhead projector (投影仪). Since it was my first day, I was 9 about which hallway (过道) to use, but I 10 to get to my next class without asking anyone. I wasn’t quite sure when I would have 11 . It was noon when I went to the classroom and the bell rang as I entered. I went through the 12 process of asking the teacher if I was in the right class. Feeling surprised, she said, “That is the lunch bell.” I felt a little 13 . Without another word, I headed for the cafeteria. I realized that all the confusion on my first day was like the difficulty I had to 14 to reach my goal. When I got on my bus and sat down inside 15 , I said to myself, “Today isn’t so bad.” 1. A．walked B．found C．traveled D．driven 2. A．entered B．helped C．explored D．built 3. A．anger B．anxieties C．doubt D．sadness 4. A．foreigner B．teacher C．worker D．partner 5. A．annoyed B．impressed C．touched D．relaxed 6. A．choose B．see C．debate D．discuss 7. A．seat B．direction C．area D．goal 8. A．movies B．pictures C．voices D．stories 9. A．nervous B．angry C．confused D．worried 10. A．feared B．refused C．allowed D．managed 11. A．gifts B．chances C．fun D．lunch 12. A．same B．unexpected C．interesting D．difficult 13. A．funny B．excited C．lonely D．awkward 14. A．put away B．get through C．build up D．show off 15. A．suddenly B．happily C．curiously D．actually 【答案】 1. C 2. A 3. B 4. B 5. D 6. A 7. A 8. B 9. C 10. D 11. D 12. A 13. D 14. B 15. B 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章中作者详细讲述了自己从印度到美国第一天上学的经历，细腻地描述了自己的内心感受。 1. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了和父母团聚，我从印度长途跋涉而来。A. walked步行，走；B. found发现；C. traveled长途旅行，经过（某地区）；D. driven驱动。由下文“from India in order to join my parents”可知，作者为了和父母团聚从印度长途跋涉到美国。故选C项。 2. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我父亲决定让我在这里上学，所以我进入了新城镇的一所当地高中。A. entered进入；B. helped帮助；C. explored探索；D. built建造。由上文“My father decided that I would go to school here”和下文“I arrived at the classroom (我到了教室)”可知，作者进入到这所学校上学。故选A项。 3. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我带着焦虑和恐惧来到教室。A. anger生气；B. anxieties焦虑；C. doubt怀疑；D. sadness伤心。空格处与下文“fear”并列，指又焦虑又害怕。故选B项。 4. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我直接去找老师，问他是不是走对班级了。A. foreigner外国人；B. teacher老师；C. worker工人；D. partner同伴。由下文“Then he asked me to 　　6　　 where I would sit. (然后他让我……坐的位置)”和“I went through the 　　12　　 process of asking the teacher if I was in the right class. (我经历了……过程，问老师我是否上对了课)”可知，是老师安排作者的座位，故此处指作者向老师询问。故选B项。 5. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的声音让我放松了一点。A. annoyed使恼怒；B. impressed使印象深刻；C. touched感动；D. relaxed放松。由上文“With a soft voice (柔和的声音)”可知，老师柔和的声音让焦虑又害怕的作者感到放松。故选D项。 6. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后他让我选择坐的位置。A. choose选择；B. see看见；C. debate辩论；D. discuss讨论。由下文“ I chose the”可知，此处指老师让作者选择坐在哪里。故选A项。 7. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我选了一个离门最近的座位。A. seat座位；B. direction方向；C. area区域；D. goal目标。由上文“where I would sit”可知，此处指老师让作者选择座位。故选A项。 8. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：剩下的时间里，我根据投影仪投射的图片做笔记。A. movies电影；B. pictures图片；C. voices声音（嗓音）；D. stories故事。由下文“produced by the overhead projector (投影仪)”可知，作者是根据投影仪投射的图片做笔记。故选B项。 9. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：因为这是我的第一天，我很困惑该走哪个走廊，但我没问任何人就设法到了我的下一个教室。A. nervous紧张的；B. angry生气的；C. confused困惑的；D. worried担心的。由上文“Since it was my first day”和下文“all the confusion on my first day (第一天的所有困惑)”可知，作者第一天上学，对身旁的一切都不熟悉且感到困惑，所以很困惑该走哪个走廊。故选C项。 10. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：因为这是我的第一天，我很困惑该走哪个走廊，但我没问任何人就设法到了我的下一个教室。A. feared害怕；B. refused拒绝；C. allowed允许；D. managed设法。由下文“get to my next class without asking anyone”可知，没有任何人的帮助，是作者自己设法找到教室的，manage to do sth. (设法做某事)。故选D项。 11. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我不太确定什么时候吃午饭。A. gifts礼物；B. chances机会；C. fun乐趣；D. lunch午饭。由下文“It was noon when I went to the classroom and the bell rang as I entered. (当我走进教室时，已经是中午了，铃响了)”和“Feeling surprised, she said, “That is the lunch bell.”(她感到很惊讶，说：“那是午餐铃。”)”可知，作者不太确定什么时候吃午饭。故选D项。 12. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我也经历了同样的过程，问老师我是否上对了课。A. same相同的；B. unexpected出乎意料的；C. interesting有趣的；D. difficult困难的。由上文“I went straight to the 　　4　　 and asked him if I was in the right class. (我直接去找老师，问他是不是走对班级了)”可知，作者像刚开始一样问老师是否上对了课。故选A项。 13. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我觉得有点尴尬。A. funny有趣的；B. excited兴奋的；C. lonely孤单的；D. awkward尴尬的。由上文“It was noon when I went to the classroom and the bell rang as I entered. I went through the 　　12　　 process of asking the teacher if I was in the right class. (当我走进教室时，已经是中午了，铃响了。我也经历了同样的过程，问老师我是否上对了课)”可知，作者把午餐铃误认为是上课铃，故有点尴尬。故选D项。 14. 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：我意识到，第一天遇到的所有困惑，就像要达到目标必须克服的困难一样。A. put away放好；B. get through通过，熬过（困难或不快的时期）；C. build up增进，加强；D. show off炫耀，卖弄。由上文“I realized that all the confusion on my first day was like the difficulty”可知，此处指经历并克服困难。故选B项。 15. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：当我上了公交车，高兴地坐在车里时，我对自己说：“今天没那么糟。”A. suddenly突然地；B. happily快乐地；C. curiously好奇地；D. actually事实上。由下文“I said to myself, “Today isn’t so bad.””可知，经历一些困难并克服困难后，作者觉得这一天并不糟糕，故心情是开心的。故选B项。 四、语法填空 Passage 1 So this is it----senior high school at last! I’m not outgoing so I’m a little anxious right now. I want to make a good first 1 (impress). Will I make any friends? What if no one talks to me? I just had my first math class at senior high school! The class was difficult, 2 the teacher was kind and friendly. He even told us a funny story, and everyone laughed so much! I found most of my classmates and teachers friendly and 3 (help). This afternoon, we had our chemistry class in the science lab. The lab is new and the lesson 4 (be) great, but the guy next to me tried 5 (talk) to me the whole time. I couldn’t concentrate 6 the experiment. I really wanted to tell him to please be quiet and leave me alone! 7 a day! This morning, I was worried that no one would talk to me. But I was wrong. I didn’t feel awkward or 8 (frighten) at all. I miss my friends from junior high school, but I believe I will make new friends here, and there’s a lot 9 (explore) at senior high. I feel much more confident 10 I felt this morning. I think that tomorrow will be a great day! 【答案】 1. impression 2. but 3. helpful 4. was 5. to talk 6. on 7. What 8. frightened 9. to explore 10. than 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍作者高中开学第一天的经历和感受。 1. 考查名词。句意：我想给人留下好的第一印象。设空处为宾语，应用 impress的名词形式impression“印象”，前面有a修饰，应用单数形式，故填impression。 2. 考查连词。句意：这门课很难，但老师很和蔼可亲。设空处前后句为并列句，表转折关系，故填but。 3. 考查形容词。句意：我发现我的大多数同学和老师都很友好和乐于助人。设空处和friendly并列作宾语补足语，应用形容词helpful“愿意帮忙的”，故填helpful。 4. 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：实验室是新的，课也很好，但我旁边的那个人一直想和我说话。设空处为谓语，根据句意可知描述的是上化学课的事情，所以应用一般过去时，主语the lesson，谓语用第三人称单数，故填was。 5. 考查不定式。句意：同上。短语try to do，意为“试图做某事”，符合句意，故填to talk。 6. 考查固定短语。句意：我无法集中精力做实验。短语concentrate on，意为“集中精力于”，符合句意，故填on。 7. 考查感叹句。句意：多么好的一天。根据语境可知这里是感叹句，描述作者的感慨，对名词day进行感叹，应用what，句首单词首字母大写，故填What。 8. 考查形容词。句意：我一点也不觉得尴尬或害怕。设空处和awkward并列接在feel后作表语，应用形容词，故填frightened。 9. 考查不定式。句意：我很想念初中的朋友，但我相信我会在这里交到新朋友，高中还有很多值得探索的地方。设空处修饰a lot作后置定语，表将要，应用不定式，故填to explore。 10. 考查连词。句意：我觉得比今天早上自信多了。根据句意和前后两句话，可知设空处连接比较状语从句，应用than连接，故填than。 Passage 2 Adam is a freshman in senior high school. 1 (go) from junior high school to senior high school is 2 really big challenge to him. The first week was a little confusing. First, he had to think very carefully about which courses he wanted to take. 3 the help of the school 4 (advise) he chose the suitable ones. Chinese is a very difficult language, 5 he hopes to be fluent when he graduates. As for extra-curricular 6 (activity), he tried to join the school football team, but the coach refused because of his poor performance. 7 (obvious), he was unhappy, but he won’t quit. He joined a volunteer club instead. Every Wednesday, he works at soup kitchen and 8 (hand) out food to homeless people in the community. He is happy to be here, though he is worried about keeping up with the other students in his 9 (advance) course and it will be quite difficult 10 (get) used to all the homework. He will be well prepared for university or whatever else comes in the future. 【答案】 1. Going 2. a 3. With 4. adviser 5. but 6. activities 7. Obviously 8. hands 9. advanced 10. to get 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了亚当成为高中新生，面对课程选择与课外活动挑战，虽然遇到挫折但仍然积极适应。 1. 考查非谓语动词。句意：从初中升入高中对他来说确实是一个巨大的挑战。空处作句子主语，应用动名词形式，置于句首，首字母大写。故填Going。 2. 考查冠词。句意同上。结合语意可知，此处表示一个巨大的挑战，空处应用不定冠词，really是辅音音素开头的单词，前边应用a。故填a。 3. 考查介词。句意：在他的学校指导教师的帮助下，他选择了适合自己的。with the help of是固定短语，表示“在……的帮助下”，with置于句首，首字母大写。故填With。 4. 考查名词。句意同上。空处用于介词of之后，应用名词形式adviser作宾语，school adviser表示“学校指导教师”，符合题意。故填adviser。 5. 考查连词。句意：中文是一门很难的语言，但他希望毕业时能说流利的中文。句子前后表示转折关系，应用连词but连接，表示“但是”。故填but。 6. 考查名词。句意：至于课外活动，他试图加入学校的足球队，但教练因为他的表现不佳拒绝了他。activity是可数名词，此处应用复数形式表示泛指，作As for的宾语。故填activities。 7. 考查副词。句意：显然，他对此感到不开心，但他不会放弃。空处修饰整个句子，应用副词形式obviously作状语，置于句首，首字母大写。故填Obviously。 8. 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：每周三，他都会在救济厨房工作，向社区中的无家可归者分发食物。根据时间状语Every Wednesday和句中works可知，句子使用一般现在时，动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填hands。 9. 考查形容词。句意：他很高兴来到这里，尽管他担心在高级课程中跟不上其他学生，而且很难习惯所有的家庭作业。空处修饰名词course，应用形容词advanced作定语，advanced course表示“高级课程”。故填advanced。 10. 考查非谓语动词。句意同上。空前it作形式主语，空处应用动词不定式形式作真正的主语。故填to get。 Passage 3 Last year, I had the chance to study at a British secondary school as 1 exchange student. The British school day commonly begins around 9 a. m. and 2 (end)around 4 p. m. In year ten, students usually have to learn nine subjects. The classes are different 3 those in China. Each teacher has their own classroom and the students move around for every lesson. In most of my classes, there 4 (be)only about 20 students. I enjoyed most of the classes, but some of them were quite 5 (challenge). Learning in English was a great challenge for me. Class discussion is very important in the UK,  but I could not make a great 6 (contribute) because sometimes I wasn’t able to express 7 (I)clearly in English. There were lots of 8 (option)including bread and butter, chicken pie and puddings in the dining hall and after lunch, I often played on the school’s huge sports field with Daniel and his friends. After school, there were many clubs 9 (join). Joining clubs was a great way 10 meet British students and make friends with them. I am glad to have the opportunity to experience this different way of life. 【答案】 1. an 2. ends 3. from 4. were 5. challenging 6. contribution 7. myself 8. options 9. to join 10. to 【导语】本文为一篇记叙文。讲述了作者作为交换生来到英国学校，介绍了新学校的情况以及自己的适应过程。 1. 考查冠词。句意：去年，我有机会作为交换生到英国的一所中学学习。分析句子成分可知，exchange student为可数名词，又因表示泛指，所以用不定冠词，且exchange为元音音素开头，所以应用an。故填an。 2. 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：英国学校的一天通常在上午9点左右开始，下午4点左右结束。分析句子成分可知，提示词end和begins为并列动词作谓语，所以end也应用一般现在时，且为单数形式，故填ends。 3. 考查介词。句意：这些课程与中国的不同。固定搭配be different from“与……不同”。故填from。 4. 考查时态。句意：在我的大部分班级里，只有大约20个学生。根据下一句的谓语动词enjoyed 可知，本句是在介绍当时班级人数情况，所以be动词应用一般过去时，又因there be句型中的主语20 students是复数。故填were。 5. 考查形容词。句意：大部分课程我都很喜欢，但有些课程很有挑战性。形容词作表语，表示“有挑战性的”，故填challenging。 6. 考查名词。句意：课堂讨论在英国是非常重要的，但我不能做出很大的贡献，因为有时我不能用英语清楚地表达自己。空前为形容词great，形容词修饰名词，所以空处应为名词contribution，且make a contribution为固定搭配“做贡献”。故填contribution。 7. 考查代词。句意：课堂讨论在英国是非常重要的，但我不能做出很大的贡献，因为有时我不能用英语清楚地表达自己。分析句子成分可知，because引导的原因状语从句中主语和宾语为同一人，所以应为反身代词作express的宾语。故填myself。 8. 考查名词。句意：在食堂有很多选择，包括面包和黄油，鸡肉派和布丁。午餐后，我经常在学校的大运动场与丹尼尔和他的朋友们一起玩。根据句意“有很多选择”可知，option在这里为可数名词，用复数泛指，故填options。 9. 考查非谓语动词。句意：放学后，有许多俱乐部可以参加。分析句子成分可知，were为谓语动词，所以提示词join应为非谓语动词。又因表示将要做的事，所以应用不定式，故填to join。 10. 考查不定式。句意：参加俱乐部是认识英国学生并与他们交朋友的好方法。根据句意可知，空处应为不定式作后置定语修饰way。故填to。 6 / 22 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$春季高考·必胜 第1讲 一般现在时&一般过去时&一般将来时 内容提要 核心语法回顾 专项能力突破 解题综合提升 一、一般现在时：用法、关键词及句子结构 一般现在时表示习惯性、经常性动作，当前状态或客观真理，需根据主语人称（三单 / 非三单）调整动词形式，常搭配频度副词或固定时间状语。 用法 关键词 / 标志词 句子结构 示例 习惯性 / 经常性动作 always, usually, often, every day/week, twice a month 非三单：主语 + 动词原形 + 其他 三单：主语 + 动词三单形式 + 其他 She cleans her room every day. 当前状态 / 个性 无特定标志，描述现存特征 主语 + be 动词（am/is/are） + 表语 He is kind and helpful. 客观真理 / 科学事实 无特定标志，描述普遍规律 主语 + 动词（三单 / 原形） + 其他 主语 + be 动词 + 表语 The sun rises from the east. 注意事项： 1. 三单判断：主语为 “他 / 她 / 它、单数名词、不可数名词” 时，动词需用三单形式（如 “the dog runs”“water boils”）。 2. 动词三单变化：以 “sh/ch/x/o/s” 结尾加 “es”（wash→washes）；辅音 + y 结尾变 y 为 i 加 “es”（study→studies）；特殊变化 “have→has”。 3. 句型转换：含 be 动词直接加 “not” 变否定（is→isn’t）；含行为动词需用助动词 “do/does”（三单用 does，后接动词原形）。 二、一般过去时：用法、时间标志及动词变化 一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，需使用动词过去式，常搭配明确的过去时间状语。 用法 时间标志词 句子结构 示例 过去的动作 yesterday, last week, 3 days ago, just now 主语 + 动词过去式 + 其他 She played badminton yesterday. 过去的状态 before, then, once upon a time 主语 + was/were + 表语（单数用 was，复数用 were） They were happy last night. 动词过去式变化规则表 变化类型 规则说明 示例 规则变化 一般动词加 “-ed” work→worked, cook→cooked 以不发音 e 结尾加 “-d” like→liked, hope→hoped 辅音 + y 结尾变 y 为 i 加 “-ed” study→studied, try→tried 重读闭音节双写尾字母加 “-ed” stop→stopped, plan→planned 不规则变化 需特殊记忆 go→went, eat→ate, have→had 注意事项： 1. 句型转换：含 be 动词直接加 “not”（was→wasn’t）；含行为动词需用助动词 “did”，后接动词原形（如否定句：He didn’t go. 一般疑问句：Did he go?）。 2. 不规则动词：需重点记忆常用词（如 do→did, see→saw, take→took），避免混淆。 3. 时间标志词区分：“ago” 表示 “多久前”（3 days ago），“last” 后接时间名词（last month），不可与 “in” 连用（错误：in yesterday）。 三、一般将来时：结构、时间标志及句型转换 一般将来时表示将要发生的动作、状态或计划，主要有 “will/shall + 动词原形” 和 “be going to + 动词原形” 两种结构，常搭配将来时间状语。 结构 适用场景 时间标志词 示例 will/shall + 动原 表临时决定、预测或正式安排（shall 用于 I/we） tomorrow, next year, soon, in 2030 I will go shopping tomorrow. be going to + 动原 表计划、打算或有迹象发生的动作 the day after tomorrow, tonight She is going to buy some books. 句型转换对比表 句型类型 will 结构 be going to 结构 否定句 主语 + won’t + 动原 主语 + be not + going to + 动原 一般疑问句 Will + 主语 + 动原？ Be + 主语 + going to + 动原？ 肯定回答 Yes, 主语 + will. Yes, 主语 + be. 注意事项： 1. 结构选择：“be going to” 强调计划（如 “I’m going to study”），“will” 强调临时决定（如 “OK, I will help you”）。 2. 特殊用法：位移动词（go, come, leave）可用现在进行时表将来（如 “The bus is coming.”）。 3. 否定缩写：will not = won’t，不可缩写为 “willn’t”。 一、单句语法填空：用所给词的适当形式填空 1．Does life on other planets? (exist) 2．The dog puts down the bag, jumps up and (press) the button. 3．The calm lake (reflect) the mountains like a perfect mirror. 4．Most of the students (be) boys. 5．Lucy often (do) his homework at seven. 6．The crew were paid off as soon as the ship (dock). 7．He (whisper) to me that he was afraid. 8．He (beg) forgiveness for what he had done. 9．It is five years since he (join) the army. 10．He (join) the League two years ago. 11．Look！It (be) going to rain. 12．Michael (teach) in Yunnan from February to June next year. 13．I (leave) for London next Monday. 14．I’m afraid there (be) a meeting this afternoon. 15．If you take a fish out of water, it (die). 二、完成句子 1. 永不放弃，不断努力，你就一定会成功进入决赛。 Never give up, keep trying and you’ll to the final of the competition. 2. 让我试试吧， 教练！我不会让您失望。 Let me try, coach! I won’t . 3. 我相信我们的努力肯定会有作用。 I believe that our efforts will definitely a . 4. 这会占用我的一部分空闲时间，但是这段友谊值得我付出额外的时间和努力。 It’ll some of my spare time, but this friendship is worth my extra time and effort. 5. 我晚上6点到车站接你。(pick up) I’ll at the station at 6 pm. 6. 他关掉电视， 穿上外套， 出门了。 He turned off the television, and walked out. (put on) 7. 她拒绝了他单独做那项工作的请求。(demand) She that he should do the work alone. 8. 在老师的帮助和他自己的努力下，汤姆终于实现了他的目标。（achieve） With the teacher’s help and his own efforts, Tom finally . 9. My teacher . 老师向我推荐了一本好词典。 10. 为了保持健康，医生建议我马上戒烟。（advise） To keep healthy, the doctor smoking in no time. 11. 属于联合王国的四个国家在某些领域进行合作。 The four countries that the United Kingdom work together in some areas. 12. 这张照片总是使我回想起童年的快乐时光。 The photo always me of my happy childhood. 13. 这幅画反映了那个时代的典型风格。 This painting the style of that era 14. People now tourism, and regard it as a lifestyle. 人们现在对旅游持更加积极的态度，并将其视为一种生活方式。 15. 众所周知，计算机在现代社会中起着重要的作用。（play a part） As we all know, computers in modern society. 三、完形填空 Passage 1 The coronavirus pandemic(冠状病毒流行) influencing our world has shown us that kindness is more important than before. It’s also taught us some 1 lessons about responsibility and generosity. David is only 13 years old, but he’s already spent the past seven years of his life 2 his community. Since the deadly coronavirus 3 in his city, he’s been getting over 5,000 masks, food, clothing and 4 for others. The teen’s determination to do good for others comes from being supported in some 5 of his own: David was born with arms that are different from most others. 6 his disability, his family has been encouraging him all the way in his 7 efforts, and he has been collecting 8 for people in need since the age of six. When 9 how long he planned to keep helping others, he said, “Probably the 10 of my life.” Once David helped find a hotel for a 11 old man to stay in, the old man only had one sentence to 12 his new friend. “He’s an angel, ”he said 13 . Kindness is like spreading hugs around the world to those who need it. The 14 could be something small, but eventually, make a 15 difference to the person receiving it. 1. A．previous B．personal C．worthwhile D．virtual 2. A．establishing B．serving C．observing D．advertising 3. A．slowdown B．fall down C．go out D．broke out 4. A．albums B．details C．awards D．shelters 5. A．challenges B．defences C．mistakes D．crashes 6. A．Rather than B．Despite C．According to D．Besides 7. A．selfless B．special C．legal D．extra 8. A．stamps B．evidence C．data D．supplies 9. A．greeted B．told C．asked D．reminded 10. A．beginning B．rest C．end D．middle 11. A．kind B．powerful C．homeless D．calm 12. A．impress B．describe C．attract D．admire 13. A．professionally B．eagerly C．thankfully D．gracefully 14. A．chances B．plans C．losses D．acts 15. A．great B．little C．creative D．limited Passage 2 Katie Stagliano was 9 years old and she was in the third grade. At the beginning of the new term, she began a gardening project as part of a school 1 . Her teacher told her to plant vegetable seeds in her home garden. Katie took this work 2 . She carefully planted the seeds and she felt 3 as she found three tiny green cabbage leaves grow to become a huge and 40-pound cabbage. Later, as a(n) 4 , Katie and other students started planting vegetable gardens throughout the community. They donated (捐赠) their 5 to the local soup kitchen. Katie dreamed of one day 6 her hobby into a harvest movement where the vegetable gardens would help support soup kitchens and food shelter organizations. She 7 ending food insecurity (不安全) worldwide by growing one vegetable garden. In 2010, the only local soup kitchen in Katie’s community 8 because of money. The closure 9 her to turn her dream into a reality when she started Katie’s Krops. Through the non-profit (非营利的) organization, volunteers 10 meals using vegetables donated by the gardens, and anyone in 11 within the community was invited. In the beginning, Katie’s Krops hosted weekly community 12 that provided up to 200 meals at a time. The student-run gardens 13 with Katie’s Krops now include 100 gardens across the United State. Totally, they have donated 500,000 pounds of fresh vegetables and have served more than 40,000 meals to those 14 with food insecurity. In addition, the Katie’s Krops outdoor classroom provides gardening classes and hands-on 15 to children, adults and families. The organization hopes to teach children how to become good stewards (管家) of the Earth. 1. A．game B．task C．trip D．rule 2. A．doubtfully B．helplessly C．quietly D．seriously 3. A．amazed B．relaxed C．annoyed D．anxious 4. A．attitude B．hope C．hobby D．fashion 5. A．time B．products C．money D．thoughts 6. A．knocking B．preventing C．dividing D．developing 7. A．imagined B．remembered C．prevented D．forgot 8. A．took off B．moved on C．shut down D．worked out 9. A．chose B．drove C．ordered D．warned 10. A．sold B．threw C．cleaned D．prepared 11. A．need B．action C．search D．line 12. A．interviews B．concerts C．dinners D．performances 13. A．disagreed B．connected C．discussed D．separated 14. A．struggling B．escaping C．feeding D．exchanging 15. A．stress B．price C．housework D．knowledge Passage 3 Afraid to have a start, I was walking slowly into my first school in America. I had 1 a long way from India in order to join my parents. My father decided that I would go to school here, so I 2 a local high school in my new town. With 3 and fear, I arrived at the classroom. Everyone’s eyes were on me as I entered the classroom. I went straight to the 4 and asked him if I was in the right class. With a soft voice, he answered, “Yes”. His voice 5 me a little. Then he asked me to 6 where I would sit. I chose the 7 closest to the door. I spent the rest of the class taking notes from the 8 produced by the overhead projector (投影仪). Since it was my first day, I was 9 about which hallway (过道) to use, but I 10 to get to my next class without asking anyone. I wasn’t quite sure when I would have 11 . It was noon when I went to the classroom and the bell rang as I entered. I went through the 12 process of asking the teacher if I was in the right class. Feeling surprised, she said, “That is the lunch bell.” I felt a little 13 . Without another word, I headed for the cafeteria. I realized that all the confusion on my first day was like the difficulty I had to 14 to reach my goal. When I got on my bus and sat down inside 15 , I said to myself, “Today isn’t so bad.” 1. A．walked B．found C．traveled D．driven 2. A．entered B．helped C．explored D．built 3. A．anger B．anxieties C．doubt D．sadness 4. A．foreigner B．teacher C．worker D．partner 5. A．annoyed B．impressed C．touched D．relaxed 6. A．choose B．see C．debate D．discuss 7. A．seat B．direction C．area D．goal 8. A．movies B．pictures C．voices D．stories 9. A．nervous B．angry C．confused D．worried 10. A．feared B．refused C．allowed D．managed 11. A．gifts B．chances C．fun D．lunch 12. A．same B．unexpected C．interesting D．difficult 13. A．funny B．excited C．lonely D．awkward 14. A．put away B．get through C．build up D．show off 15. A．suddenly B．happily C．curiously D．actually 四、语法填空 Passage 1 So this is it----senior high school at last! I’m not outgoing so I’m a little anxious right now. I want to make a good first 1 (impress). Will I make any friends? What if no one talks to me? I just had my first math class at senior high school! The class was difficult, 2 the teacher was kind and friendly. He even told us a funny story, and everyone laughed so much! I found most of my classmates and teachers friendly and 3 (help). This afternoon, we had our chemistry class in the science lab. The lab is new and the lesson 4 (be) great, but the guy next to me tried 5 (talk) to me the whole time. I couldn’t concentrate 6 the experiment. I really wanted to tell him to please be quiet and leave me alone! 7 a day! This morning, I was worried that no one would talk to me. But I was wrong. I didn’t feel awkward or 8 (frighten) at all. I miss my friends from junior high school, but I believe I will make new friends here, and there’s a lot 9 (explore) at senior high. I feel much more confident 10 I felt this morning. I think that tomorrow will be a great day! Passage 2 Adam is a freshman in senior high school. 1 (go) from junior high school to senior high school is 2 really big challenge to him. The first week was a little confusing. First, he had to think very carefully about which courses he wanted to take. 3 the help of the school 4 (advise) he chose the suitable ones. Chinese is a very difficult language, 5 he hopes to be fluent when he graduates. As for extra-curricular 6 (activity), he tried to join the school football team, but the coach refused because of his poor performance. 7 (obvious), he was unhappy, but he won’t quit. He joined a volunteer club instead. Every Wednesday, he works at soup kitchen and 8 (hand) out food to homeless people in the community. He is happy to be here, though he is worried about keeping up with the other students in his 9 (advance) course and it will be quite difficult 10 (get) used to all the homework. He will be well prepared for university or whatever else comes in the future. Passage 3 Last year, I had the chance to study at a British secondary school as 1 exchange student. The British school day commonly begins around 9 a. m. and 2 (end)around 4 p. m. In year ten, students usually have to learn nine subjects. The classes are different 3 those in China. Each teacher has their own classroom and the students move around for every lesson. In most of my classes, there 4 (be)only about 20 students. I enjoyed most of the classes, but some of them were quite 5 (challenge). Learning in English was a great challenge for me. Class discussion is very important in the UK,  but I could not make a great 6 (contribute) because sometimes I wasn’t able to express 7 (I)clearly in English. There were lots of 8 (option)including bread and butter, chicken pie and puddings in the dining hall and after lunch, I often played on the school’s huge sports field with Daniel and his friends. After school, there were many clubs 9 (join). Joining clubs was a great way 10 meet British students and make friends with them. I am glad to have the opportunity to experience this different way of life. 6 / 10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$