Unit 2 Sports and Fitness Grammar 定语从句之关系代词练习-2025-2026学年高一英语北师大版必修第一册

学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ Unit 2 Sports and Fitness 定语从句之关系代词 近年高考真题 1.（2024·新高考I卷·语法填空）The Glasshouse stands as a great achievement in contemporary design, to house the plants of the southwestern part of China at the end of a path retracing (追溯) the steps along the Silk Route ________ brought the plants from their native habitat in Asia to come to define much of the richness of gardening in England. 2.（2024·新高考II卷·语法填空）Of course, shops are not charities — they price goods in the way ________ will make them the most money. 3.（2023全国乙卷）But for all its ancient buildings, Beijing is also a place 63 welcomes the fast-paced development of modern life, with 21st-century architectural wonders standing side by side with historical buildings of the past. 4.（2022新高考I卷）The GPNP is intended to provide stronger protection for all the species ________ live within the Giant Panda Range and significantly improve the health of the ecosystem in the area. 5.（2022年浙江1月）Kim Cobb, a professor at the Georgia Institute of Technology in Atlanta, is one of a small but growing minority of academics __________ are cutting back on their air travel because of climate change. 6.（2021全国II卷）I decided that if I learned of a company___________ used a lot of plastic, I'd send it an email urging it to cut back. 一、单句语法填空 1．Have you taken down everything Mr. Li said? 2．The number of people come to visit this city each year reaches one million. 3．Those are against the plan put up your hands please. 4．I still keep the letter she wrote to me. 5．The young men I work with are all friendly. 6．He is the professor grammar course I am taking. 7．She is an athlete tends to feel nervous in every competition. 8．This is the book cover is blue. 9．This is the house we have just painted. 10．I don't like the girl you are talking about. 11．This is a book cover is blue. 12．This famous company is looking for people can come up with original and useful ideas. 13．There are some things I need to buy before the trip. 14．The people who are known as net worm are those are addicted to the Internet. 15．The ancient library I visited last summer was tragically destroyed in a fire. 16．Festivals are occasions allow us to forget about our work for a little while. 17．The reason he explained at the meeting was not reasonable at all. 18．The man is standing over there is my English teacher. 19．The actors played in the film Avatar received a lot of praise for their excellent performances. 20．The days I spent with my friends were quite pleasant. 21．I read a report about his new novel will soon be published. 22．I like those books topics are about prehistoric lifestyles. 23．China is a country has a long history. 24．Do you know the girl he often talks to? 25．It’s the best movie I have ever seen. 26．Don’t set goals go beyond our abilities and skills. 27．The boy was in the office yesterday is my brother. 28．All the artists and their works participated in the exhibition were celebrated. 29．Nothing inspires us more than nature is left out of his work. 30．The film star and her film you have just talked about are really well known. 31．The child parents are dead is called Tom. 32．My brother wrote the things and people he was interested in. 33．He is no longer the man he used to be. 34．This is all I want to say at the meeting. 35．The third place they visited was the Great Wall. 36．The building we are looking at used to be a hospital. 37．Wolves are highly social animals success depends upon cooperation. 38．The girl father is an editor goes jogging regularly. 39．This is a new kind of car parts are of high quality. 40．Is there anything you want to buy? 二、完成句子 41．The man who is standing over there is my uncle. (把定语从句改写成简单句) 42．The film that we watched yesterday was very interesting. (把定语从句改写成简单句) 43．The girl is my best friend. You saw the girl in the photo. (合并为含有定语从句的复合句) 44．The teacher standing at the school gate is Mr Wang. (句型转换) →The teacher at the school gate is Mr Wang. 45．I like the book. The book tells a story about a little boy.(用定语从句改写句子) I like the book a story about a little boy. 46．My grandparents live in a house. It lies at the foot of the mountain. （用定语从句合并句子） 47．I have a friend. He likes listening to classical music.（用定语从句合并句子） 48．You were playing some music. It sounded very familiar. (用定语从句把句子合并起来) → 49．There are a number of protests.We are considering them. (用定语从句把句子合并起来) → 50．She is an artist. I am quite familiar with her works. (用定语从句把句子合并起来) → 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ Unit 2 Sports and Fitness 定语从句之关系代词 近年高考真题 1.（2024·新高考I卷·语法填空）The Glasshouse stands as a great achievement in contemporary design, to house the plants of the southwestern part of China at the end of a path retracing (追溯) the steps along the Silk Route ________ brought the plants from their native habitat in Asia to come to define much of the richness of gardening in England. 【答案】which/that 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：Mark Woodruff补充说：“这是当代设计的最高成就，在丝绸之路的尽头，中国亚热带西南部的植物群从温带的欧洲穿过山脉、干旱的土地和高山牧场，这些植物从亚洲的原生栖息地带到英国，定义了英国园艺的丰富和荣耀。”空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词design，先行词指物，关系词在定语从句中作主语，用关系代词which或that引导从句。故填which/that。 2.（2024·新高考II卷·语法填空）Of course, shops are not charities — they price goods in the way ________ will make them the most money. 【答案】that/which 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：当然，商店不是慈善机构——他们以最赚钱的方式给商品定价。在定语从句中缺少主语，且先行词为way，所以应用关系代词that或which。故填that/which。 3.（2023全国乙卷）But for all its ancient buildings, Beijing is also a place 63 welcomes the fast-paced development of modern life, with 21st-century architectural wonders standing side by side with historical buildings of the past. 答案：which/that 解析：考查定语从句。句意：但是，除了古建筑，北京也是一个欢迎现代生活快节奏发展的地方，21世纪的建筑奇迹与过去的历史建筑并存。这里为定语从句的关系代词，先行词为“a place”，在定语从句中担当主语，所以用关系代词which或that引导。故填which/that。 4.（2022新高考I卷）The GPNP is intended to provide stronger protection for all the species ________ live within the Giant Panda Range and significantly improve the health of the ecosystem in the area. 答案：that 解析：考查定语从句关系词。句意：该计划旨在为生活在Giant Panda Range的所有物种提供更有力的保护，并显著改善该地区的生态系统健康。设空处为关系词引导限制性定语从句，先行词等于关系词，设空处在从句中作指物的主语，先行词为species，且先行词前为all修饰，只能用关系代词that。故填that。 5.（2022年浙江1月）Kim Cobb, a professor at the Georgia Institute of Technology in Atlanta, is one of a small but growing minority of academics __________ are cutting back on their air travel because of climate change. 答案：that/who 解析：考查定语从句。句意：亚特兰大佐治亚科技研究院的教授Kim Cobb是一个少数但是不断增加的少数学者中的一员，因为气候变化，他们正在削减他们的飞机旅行。名词academics后为定语从句且在从句中作主语，应使用关系代词替代，故填that/who。 6.（2021全国II卷）I decided that if I learned of a company___________ used a lot of plastic, I'd send it an email urging it to cut back. 答案：that/which 解析：考查定语从句。句意：我决定，如果我知道有哪家公司大量使用塑料，我就给它发邮件，敦促它减少使用塑料。分析句子结构， ________ used a lot of plastic是一个定语从句，修饰先行词a company，关系词在从句中作主语，指物，用which或that引导该从句，所以填which或that。 一、单句语法填空 1．Have you taken down everything Mr. Li said? 【答案】that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：你都记下李先生说的话了吗？在定语从句中缺少宾语，且先行词为不定代词everything，应用关系代词that。故填that。 2．The number of people come to visit this city each year reaches one million. 【答案】that/who 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：每年来这座城市参观的人数达到了一百万。空处引导定语从句，先行词people，指人，在定语从句中作主语，需用关系代词that/who引导。故填that/who。 3．Those are against the plan put up your hands please. 【答案】who 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：那些反对这个计划的人请举手。设空处引导定语从句修饰先行词Those，指人，在从句中作主语，故应用关系代词who引导。故填who。 4．I still keep the letter she wrote to me. 【答案】that/which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我仍然保存着她写给我的那封信。分析句子可知，“______ she wrote to me”是限定性定语从句，修饰先行词“the letter”，先行词指物，且在从句中作动词“wrote”的宾语，所以此处应用关系代词that或which引导该定语从句。故填that或which。 5．The young men I work with are all friendly. 【答案】who/whom/that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我一起工作的那些年轻男士都很友好。________I work with是关系词引导的定语从句修饰表示人的先行词The young men，所填关系词作work with的宾语，关系代词who/whom/that符合条件。故填who/whom/that。 6．He is the professor grammar course I am taking. 【答案】whose 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：他就是我正在上其语法课的那位教授。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，先行词是the professor，指人，且关系代词在从句中作定语，修饰名词短语grammar course，表示所属关系，即“教授的语法课”，应用whose。故填whose。 7．She is an athlete tends to feel nervous in every competition. 【答案】who/that 【详解】考查定语从句关系代词。句意：她是一名运动员，在每次比赛中都容易感到紧张。分析句子可知，“______ tends to feel nervous in every competition”是定语从句，修饰先行词“an athlete”（指人），且关系词在从句中作主语，所以应用关系代词who或that，符合语境。故填who/that。 8．This is the book cover is blue. 【答案】whose 【详解】考查定语从句关系代词。句意：这本书的封面是蓝色的。此处为定语从句，先行词是 “the book”，关系代词在从句中修饰名词 “cover”，表示 “…… 的”，应用 “whose” 引导定语从句，指代 “书的” 封面。故填 whose。 9．This is the house we have just painted. 【答案】that/ which 【详解】考查定语从句关系代词。句意：这就是我们刚刚粉刷过的房子。根据上文the house,we have painted可知此处为定语从句that/which we have just painnted,表示“我们刚刚粉刷过的房子”，应填关系代词that/ which作宾语。故填that/ which。 10．I don't like the girl you are talking about. 【答案】whom/ that 【详解】考查定语从句关系代词。句意：我不喜欢你们正在谈论的那个女孩。此处为定语从句，先行词是 “the girl”（指人），关系代词在从句中作介词 “about” 的宾语。在定语从句中，指人且作宾语时，关系代词可用 “that”“whom”。故填 that /whom。 11．This is a book cover is blue. 【答案】whose 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这是一本封面是蓝色的书。分析句子结构可知，空处引导限制性定语从句，先行词是book，与后文名词cover构成所属关系，应用关系代词whose引导从句，作定语。故填whose。 12．This famous company is looking for people can come up with original and useful ideas. 【答案】who/that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这家著名的公司正在寻找那些能够提出新颖且实用想法的人才。空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词people，在从句中作主语，故应用关系代词who或that。故填who/that。 13．There are some things I need to buy before the trip. 【答案】that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：旅行前我有一些东西需要买。本空引导限制性定语从句，先行词是things，指物，关系词代替先行词在从句中作buy的宾语，且先行词前有some修饰，此时关系代词只能用that。故填that。 14．The people who are known as net worm are those are addicted to the Internet. 【答案】who 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：那些被称为“网虫”的人，就是那些沉迷于网络的人。空处引导定语从句修饰先行词those，关系词在从句作主语，指人，故填who。 15．The ancient library I visited last summer was tragically destroyed in a fire. 【答案】that/which 【详解】考查定语从句关系词。句意：我去年夏天参观的那座古老图书馆在一场火灾中不幸被毁。分析句子可知，设空处引导定语从句，先行词为“the ancient library”，指物，且关系词在从句中作visited的宾语，因此应用关系代词。故填that/which。 16．Festivals are occasions allow us to forget about our work for a little while. 【答案】that/which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：节日是能让我们暂时忘却工作的时刻。空处引导定语从句，先行词occasions，指物，在定语从句中作主语，需用关系代词that/which引导。故填that/which。 17．The reason he explained at the meeting was not reasonable at all. 【答案】that/which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：他在会上解释的理由一点也不合理。分析句子可知，设空处引导定语从句，“The reason”是先行词，“he explained at the meeting” 是定语从句修饰先行词“reason”。在这个定语从句中，“explained”是及物动词，缺少宾语，而先行词“reason”指物，所以要用关系代词“which”或“that”来引导定语从句，并在从句中作宾语。故填that/which。 18．The man is standing over there is my English teacher. 【答案】who/that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：站在那边的那个人是我的英语老师。分析句子可知，设空处引导定语从句，先行词The man，指人，在从句中作主语成分，所以为关系代词who/that引导。故填who/that。 19．The actors played in the film Avatar received a lot of praise for their excellent performances. 【答案】who/that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：在电影《阿凡达》中扮演的演员因其出色的表演而受到了很多赞誉。空处引导限定性定语从句，先行词是the actors，指人，关系词在定语从句中作主语，应用关系代词who或that引导。故填who或that。 20．The days I spent with my friends were quite pleasant. 【答案】that/which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我和朋友们一起度过的日子很愉快。此处为关系词引导的定语从句，从句中缺少spent的宾语，所以此处使用关系代词，先行词the days指的是时间，所以此处使用关系代词that或者which。故填that/which。 21．I read a report about his new novel will soon be published. 【答案】that/which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我读了一篇关于他即将出版的新小说的报道。此处为关系词引导的定语从句，从句中缺少主语，所以此处使用关系代词，先行词novel指的是物，所以此处使用关系代词that或者which。故填that/which。 22．I like those books topics are about prehistoric lifestyles. 【答案】whose 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我喜欢那些主题是关于史前生活方式的书。空处引导限制性定语从句，先行词为books，在定语从句作定语，应使用whose引导从句，故填whose。 23．China is a country has a long history. 【答案】that/which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：中国是一个有着悠久历史的国家。空处引导定语从句，先行词是“a country”，指物，在从句中作主语，用关系代词that或which引导定语从句。故填that/which。 24．Do you know the girl he often talks to? 【答案】who/whom/that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：你知道那个经常和他聊天的女孩吗？空处前句成分完整，后句缺少宾语，考虑定语从句，先行词为the girl，表人，可用关系代词who或whom或that来引导。故填who/whom/that。 25．It’s the best movie I have ever seen. 【答案】that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这是我看过的最好的电影。空处引导定语从句，从句缺宾语，先行词movie前有the best，所以用关系代词that。故填that。 26．Don’t set goals go beyond our abilities and skills. 【答案】that/which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：不要设定超出我们能力和技能的目标。此处为关系词引导的限定性定语从句，修饰先行词goals，从句中缺少主语，所以此处使用关系代词，先行词指的是事物，所以使用关系代词that或者which。故填that或which。 27．The boy was in the office yesterday is my brother. 【答案】who/that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：昨天在办公室的那个男孩是我弟弟。空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词The boy，指人，且在从句中作主语，所以可以用who或that引导。故填who/that。 28．All the artists and their works participated in the exhibition were celebrated. 【答案】that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：所有参加展览的艺术家和他们的作品都受到了赞扬。空格处引导的是限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行词the artists and their works既有人又有物，因此空格处用关系代词that引导定语从句，故填that。 29．Nothing inspires us more than nature is left out of his work. 【答案】that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：在他的作品中，没有什么比大自然更能激发我们的灵感了。此处为限定性定语从句，先行词为不定代词Anything，从句缺少主语，应用关系代词that引导。故填that。 30．The film star and her film you have just talked about are really well known. 【答案】that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：你们刚刚谈论的这个电影明星和她的电影都非常出名。此处引导定语从句，先行词为The film start and her film，在定语从句中充当宾语，且先行词即指人又指物，应用that引导，故填that。 31．The child parents are dead is called Tom. 【答案】whose 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：父母去世的那个孩子叫汤姆。该空引导限制性定语从句，先行词为The child，关系词替代先行词在从句中作parents的定语，用关系代词whose引导从句。故填whose。 32．My brother wrote the things and people he was interested in. 【答案】that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我哥哥把他感兴趣的人和事都写下来。空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the things and people，先行词包含物和人，关系词指代先行词在从句中作宾语，应用关系代词that作引导词。故填that。 33．He is no longer the man he used to be. 【答案】that/who 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：他已不再是过去那个人了。这里的the man作为先行词，需要一个引导词来引导定语从句，同时这个引导词在从句中作表语用来指代人，使用关系代词who或that引导定语从句。故填that/who。 34．This is all I want to say at the meeting. 【答案】that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这就是我在会议上想说的一切。空格处引导定语从句，先行词是all，关系词在定语从句中作宾语，当先行词为all, everything, anything, nothing, little, much等不定代词时，只能用that不用which引导定语从句。故填that。 35．The third place they visited was the Great Wall. 【答案】that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：他们参观的第三个地方是长城。设空处的词引导定语从句，先行词是The third place，引导词指代先行词在句子中作宾语，先行词被序数词修饰只能用that不用which。故填that。 36．The building we are looking at used to be a hospital. 【答案】that/which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我们正在看的这幢楼曾经是一家医院。分析句子，设空处引导定语从句，关系词替代先行词在从句中作宾语，修饰先行词the building，为物。故填that/which。 37．Wolves are highly social animals success depends upon cooperation. 【答案】whose 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：狼是高度群居的动物，它们的成功依赖于合作。空处引导限定性定语从句，先行词是Wolves，关系词在从句中作定语，和success之间是所属关系，应用关系代词whose引导。故填whose。 38．The girl father is an editor goes jogging regularly. 【答案】whose 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：父亲是编辑的那个女孩经常慢跑。空处引导限制性定语从句，代替先行词girl在从句中作定语应用关系代词whose作引导词。故填whose。 39．This is a new kind of car parts are of high quality. 【答案】whose 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这是一种零件质量高的新型汽车。空处引导限制性定语从句，代词先行词car在从句中作定语，修饰名词parts，应用关系代词whose作引导词。故填whose。 40．Is there anything you want to buy? 【答案】that 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：你有什么要买的吗?分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，句中先行词为不定代词anything，在定语从句中作宾语，所以只能用关系代词that引导。故填that。 二、完成句子 41．The man who is standing over there is my uncle. (把定语从句改写成简单句) 【答案】The man is standing over there. The man is my uncle. 【详解】考查定语从句转换为简单句。句意：站在那边的男子是我的叔叔。原句中“who is standing over there” 是修饰 “The man” 的定语从句，who指代the man；改写为简单句时，原来的主句“男子站在那边”保持不变，为The man is standing over there.；原从句的主语who用the man替换，表达为The man is my uncle.。故填The man is standing over there. The man is my uncle. 42．The film that we watched yesterday was very interesting. (把定语从句改写成简单句) 【答案】We watched the film yesterday. The film was very interesting. 【详解】考查简单句。原句“The film that we watched yesterday was very interesting.”中 “that we watched yesterday”是定语从句修饰“the film”。改写成简单句时，将定语从句部分独立成句“We watched the film yesterday.”，再保留主句“The film was very interesting.” ，通过重复“the film”来体现原句中定语从句与主句的关系。故改写后的简单句为 ：We watched the film yesterday. The film was very interesting. 43．The girl is my best friend. You saw the girl in the photo. (合并为含有定语从句的复合句) 【答案】The girl whom you saw in the photo is my best friend./The girl who you saw in the photo is my best friend./The girl that you saw in the photo is my best friend. 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这个女孩是我最好的朋友。你看到照片中的女孩了。根据句意要求以及分析句子可知，合并成定语从句后，先行词The girl，指人，在从句中作saw的宾语，关系代词可用whom、who 或 that，作宾语时也可省略。故填The girl (whom/who/that) you saw in the photo is my best friend. 44．The teacher standing at the school gate is Mr Wang. (句型转换) →The teacher at the school gate is Mr Wang. 【答案】who stands/that stands 【详解】考查定语从句和时态。句意：站在学校门口的老师是王先生。“standing at the school gate ”是现在分词作定语，可使用定语从句替换，修饰teacher，从句中作主语，指人，可用关系代词who或者that引导定语从句，指代the teacher是单数，谓语动词stand用单数，根据句意和is可知，用一般现在时，故填who/that stands。 45．I like the book. The book tells a story about a little boy.(用定语从句改写句子) I like the book a story about a little boy. 【答案】 which/that tells 【详解】考查定语从句、主谓一致。句意：我喜欢这本讲述一个小男孩故事的书。分析句子结构可知，①空引导限制性定语从句，先行词是the book，指物，关系词代替先行词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词who或that引导。原句用一般现在时，转换后的句子也用一般现在时，②空为从句谓语，且从句引导词代替先行词the book，动词tell“讲述”用第三人称单数形式。故填① which/ that ② tells。 46．My grandparents live in a house. It lies at the foot of the mountain. （用定语从句合并句子） 【答案】My grandparents live in a house which/that lies at the foot of the mountain. 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我的祖父母住在一所房子里。它位于山脚下。根据句意以及句子的要求提示可知，原句可用定语从句合并句子，结合句子结构可知，应为关系代词which/that引导的定语从句，先行词a house在从句作主语成分，从句部分为which/that lies at the foot of the mountain。故答案是：My grandparents live in a house which/that lies at the foot of the mountain. 47．I have a friend. He likes listening to classical music.（用定语从句合并句子） 【答案】I have a friend who likes listening to classical music./I have a friend that likes listening to classical music. 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我有一个朋友。他喜欢听古典音乐。根据句意以及句子的提示要求可知，原句可用定语从句合并句子，结合句子结构可知，应为关系代词who/that引导的定语从句，先行词a friend在从句中作主语成分，从句部分为who/that likes listening to classical music。故答案是：I have a friend who/that likes listening to classical music. 48．You were playing some music. It sounded very familiar. (用定语从句把句子合并起来) → 【答案】The music that you were playing sounded very familiar./which you were playing sounded very familiar. 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：你演奏的音乐听起来很熟悉。some music与it重叠，且根据原题中两个句子的关系，可以将第一个句子改为限制性定语从句，the music 为先行词，指物，且在从句中作宾语，所以应用关系代词which或者that引导，所以应写成the music that/which you were playing sounded very familiart，the放句首，首字母大写。故答案是The music that/which you were playing sounded very familiar。 49．There are a number of protests.We are considering them. (用定语从句把句子合并起来) → 【答案】There are a number of protests (that/which) we are considering. 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我们正在考虑一些抗议活动。分析所给原句，以及题干要求，需把原句合并为定语从句，原句核心词汇是protests，所以将protests作先行词，“We are considering them”可改为从句，修饰先行词protests，先行词指物，关系词在从句作宾语，可用that或者which引导，且可省略，改为“There are a number of protests (that/which) we are considering.”。故填：There are a number of protests (that/which) we are considering. 50．She is an artist. I am quite familiar with her works. (用定语从句把句子合并起来) → 【答案】She is an artist whose works I am quite familiar with. 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：她是一位艺术家，我对她的作品很熟悉。分析所给原句 可知，artist可做本句的先行词，“I am quite familiar with her works”可改为定语从句，修饰先行词artist，先行词在从句中代替“her”作定语，用whose引导。改为“She is an artist whose works I am quite familiar with.”。故填She is an artist whose works I am quite familiar with. 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$