Unit 4 Amazing Plants and Animals 核心知识点精讲精练 1(Section A)-2025-2026学年八年级英语上册教材核心知识全解（人教版2024）

Unit 4 Amazing Plants and Animals核心知识点精讲精练 1 (Section A) 【主要内容】 · 【单元核心知识点精讲精练】每个单元按照教材安排分为Section A；Grammar和Section B三个部分。 · Section A部分包括本部分重点短语、重点词汇(包括重点的小学词汇)、重难句型等核心知识点。 · Section A部分包含数量丰富与多类型的随学随练，基础知识综合练习(填写单词，用适当形式填空等)与技能提升综合练习(听力、阅读理解、完形填空，语篇填空等)。 · Section A部分内容思维导图如下: 1、 重点短语集锦(前标*为词汇表短语) 1. *folding fan 折扇 2. a painting of bamboo 一幅竹子画 3. one of the most popular subjects 最受欢迎的主题之一 4. a symbol of goodness 美德的象征 5. in Chinese culture 在中国文化里 6. use ... to do 用...做... 7. make tools and instruments 制作工具和仪器 8. bamboo shoots 竹笋 9. tour guide 导游 10. share sth. with sb. 和某人分享某物 11. *feel free (to do sth.) 可以随便做某事 12. land animal 陆地动物 13. love... the best 最喜欢... 14. on earth 在世界上，在人间 15. up to 达到，不多于 16. thousands of 成千上万的 17. *take a walk 散步 18. bring joy to their heart 给他们内心带来快乐 2、 重点词汇解析(单词前标*为初中新学词汇) 1. folding /ˈfəʊldɪŋ/ adj. 折叠式的；可折叠的 [词汇拓展] fold(v.)折叠；unfold(v.)展开，打开 [词汇搭配] folding fan 折扇；a folding chair折叠椅 [词汇例句] He lay on a folding bed. 他躺在一张折叠床上。 2. bamboo /bæmˈbuː/ n. 竹子 [词汇搭配] bamboo shoots竹笋；bamboo forest竹林 [词汇用法] · bamboo常用于指材料或食物，用作不可数名词。 Pandas like eating bamboo. 熊猫喜欢吃竹子。 · 当谈论竹子种类时，使可数名词，其复数形式为bamboos(直接在词尾加s)。 [词汇例句] Lisa wants to learn how to paint bamboo in ink. 丽莎想学习如何用墨水画竹子。 [随学随练] 单项填空。 Giraffes like eating ________, and pandas like eating ________. A．leaf; bamboo B．leafs; bamboo C．leaf; bamboos D．leaves; bamboo 3. popular /ˈpɒpjələ(r)/ adj. 广受欢迎的；流行的 [词汇拓展] <比较级>more popular；<最高级>most popular unpopular(adj.)不受欢迎的；popularity (n.)受欢迎，普及； popularly (adv.)普遍地，广泛地 [词汇搭配] the most popular subject最受欢迎的主题/学科；popular music流行音乐 be popular with/among受...的欢迎，在...中很流行 more and more popular越来越受欢迎 [词汇例句] The book is popular with students. 这本书受到学生们的欢迎。 [随学随练] 用popular的适当形式填空。 (1) Tea and coffee are two of drinks in the world. (2) He always plays jokes on others. So he is among his classmates. (3) Generative(生成的) AI will be used in the future. (4) His books have gained(获得) in in recent years. (5) The winter sports become (越来越受欢迎). 4. goodness /ˈɡʊdnəs/ n. 美德；营养 [词汇拓展] good(adj.)好的；(n.)善行；好处；bad(adj.)坏的；(n.)坏事；badness(n.)道德败坏 [词汇搭配] a symbol of goodness美德的象征；Goodness! /Goodness me!/ My goodness! 天哪！啊呀！ [词汇例句] If you boil the vegetables too long they'll lose all their goodness.蔬菜煮的时间太长，就会 失去它所有的营养。 My goodness, you have been busy! 天哪，你一直在忙！ 5. tool /tuːl/ n. 工具；手段 [词汇搭配] garden tools 园艺工具； make tools制作工具 [词汇例句] The computer is now an invaluable tool for the family doctor.计算机现在是家庭医生非常 有用的工具。 6. actually /ˈæktʃuəli/ adv. 实际上；居然 [词汇拓展] <比较级>more actually；<最高级>most actually actual(adj.)实际的，真实的 [词汇用法] · 用于强调事实，表示“的确，事实上，实际上”。 What did she actually say? 她到底是怎么说的？ · 用于表示想法与事实不一致而惊奇，表示“居然，竟然” The food was not actually all that expensive. 食品居然并不那么昂贵。 · 用于礼貌地纠正他人。 We're not American, actually. We're Canadian. 实际上我们不是美国人。我们是加拿大人。 · 礼貌地引起注意、转换话题、直言。 Well actually, John, I rang you for some advice.这么说吧，约翰，我给你打电话是想得到些建议。 [随学随练] 单项填空。 —I heard your team lost the basketball game yesterday. That’s too bad. —Well, ________, we didn’t lose. We won! A．quickly B．brightly C．actually D．certainly 7. shoot /ʃuːt/ n. 幼苗，嫩芽；拍摄； v. 开(枪)，射击；射杀，射伤；(朝某方向)冲，奔，飞驰；拍摄；投篮，射门 [词汇拓展] <过去式> shot /ʃɒt/ [词汇搭配] bamboo shoots竹笋；new green shoots绿色的新芽 shoot down 射下；击落；shoot off迅速离开；shoot up快速长高；迅速上升 shoot past飞驰而过 [词汇例句] They had almost reached the boat when a figure shot past them.他们差不多快到船边时， 一个人影从他们旁边飞奔而过。 [随学随练] 写出下列句子中shoot的中文意思。 (1) They shot the lock(锁) off. (2) A plane shot across the sky. (3) The movie was shot in black and white. (4) He should have shot instead of passing. (5) They are white and black. They like to eat bamboo shoots . (6) Ticket prices shot up last year. 8. appear /əˈpɪə(r)/ v. 出现，呈现；显得，看来，似乎；开始存在，产生；出版，问世；演出 [词汇拓展] disappear (v.)消失；appearance (n.)出现；外貌 [词汇搭配] appear to do 好像，似乎；It appears/appeared that... 似乎...，看来... [词汇例句] A woman appeared at the far end of the street.一个女人远远出现在街的尽头。 It appears that he made a mistake. 看来他犯了个错误。 [随学随练] 单项填空。 (1)Grandpa enjoys ______ stories and he appears ______ countless stories. A．to tell; to have B．telling; to have C．to tell; having D．telling; having (2)—Where is Jack? He didn’t last night.     —He was ill last night. A．solve B．spare C．appear D．touch 9. land /lænd/ n. 陆地；土地 v. 降落；着陆；成功得到，赢得；使陷于(困境) [词汇拓展] dreamland梦境；理想世界；wonderland（童话中的）仙境，奇境； [词汇搭配] land animal陆地动物；a piece of waste land 一块荒地 land (sb.) in 使陷入(困境) [词汇例句] The land rose to the east. 那地向东隆起。 The plane landed safely.飞机安全着陆了。 [词汇用法] · land表示“陆地，土地”，用作不可数名词。 a piece of land 一块土地 · land也可以用作可数名词，表示“国家，地区”，用于表示情感上或想象的国家、地区。 They dreamed of travelling to foreign lands.他们梦想去外国旅游。 [随学随练] 单项填空。 (1) Our plane ________ at Beijing Badaling Airport in 30 minutes, please return to your seat and fasten your safety belt (系紧安全带). A．is landing B．lands C．landed D．will land (2)—What do you think of the environment here? —Wonderful! __________ of the land __________ covered with trees. A．Two fifths; is B．Two fifth; is C．Two fifths; are D．Two fifth; are 10. African /ˈæfrɪkən/ adj. 非洲的；非洲人的 n. 非洲人 [词汇拓展] Africa(n.)非洲；America(n.)美洲；美国；American (n.)美洲人；美国人；(adj.)美洲的；美 国的；Asia(n.)亚洲；Asian(n.)亚洲人；(adj.)亚洲的；Europe(n.)欧洲；European(n.)欧洲人； (adj.)欧洲的 [词汇搭配] African elephant非洲象；African culture非洲文化 [词汇例句] Soon it became popular with farmers in other African countries.很快，它就在其他非洲国 家的农民中流行起来。 [随学随练] 单项填空。 The giraffe comes from ________ Africa. It is ________ African animal. A．/; a B．a; / C．/; an D．the; an 11. rose /rəʊz/ n. 玫瑰；蔷薇 [词汇搭配] a red rose 一朵红玫瑰；China rose 月季花 [词汇例句] Lily likes roses best. 莉莉最喜欢玫瑰花。 [词汇用法] · rose用作名词，表示“玫瑰；蔷薇”。 She bent to pick a red rose. 她弯腰去摘一朵红玫瑰。 · rose还可以用作rise的过去式，表示“上升，升起；起立”。 They rose from the table. 他们从餐桌旁站起身。 [随学随练] 单项填空。 (1)We ________ our heads to watch the sun ________ over the mountain. A．raised; rise B．raise; rose C．raised; rose D．rose; raise (2)Eric bought ________ roses than us because he didn’t take enough money. A．less B．fewer C．least D．fewest 12. weigh /weɪ/ v. 有……重；称重量；认真考虑，权衡；斟酌(字句)；(对看法或结果)有影响，有分量 [词汇拓展] weight(n.)重量 [词汇搭配] weigh up to 860 kg重量可达860公斤；weigh your words推敲；斟酌字句 weigh down使烦恼，使焦虑；weigh on加重…的思想负担；使焦虑不安；使担忧 [词汇例句] [随学随练] 写出下列句子中weigh的中文意思。 (1) She weighed the stone in her hand. (2) You must weigh up the pros and cons. (3) He said the words very slowly, as if weighing each one of them. (4) His past record weighs heavily against him. (5) Something was weighing on her mind. 13. fan /fæn/ n. 扇子；电风扇；迷，狂热爱好者 [词汇搭配] electric fan电风扇；movie fans电影迷；a football fan足球迷 [词汇例句] His brother is a big fan of ancient history.他弟弟是古代历史迷。 14. earth /ɜːθ/ n.地球，世界 [词汇拓展] sun(n.)太阳；moon(n.)月球 [词汇搭配] on earth在世界上，在人世间；(用于以how, why, what 或 where 开始的问句，表示 强调)究竟，到底；on the earth 在地球上 down to earth 直率，务实的；come down/back to earth回到现实，恢复正常生活 [词汇用法] · earth表示“地球”，与sun,moon等独一无二的事物相同，前面加the。有时earth表示“地球”，在天文学、地质学、诗歌等中常首字母大写，写作Earth或the Earth。 The earth travels around the sun. 地球绕着太阳转。 · earth还可以用作不可数名词，表示“泥土”。 She grew flowers with earth, water and love.她用泥土、水和爱来种花。 3、 重难句型解析 1. 讨论动物的神奇 (教材原文) —What’s amazing about the blue whale?蓝鲸有什么神奇之处？ —It’s the largest/biggest animal in the world?它是世界上最大的动物吗？ 常用于描述动物的形容词有：beautiful漂亮的；fast快的；heavy重的；long长的；old年老的；small小的；tall高的；short矮的，短的... 2. when时间状语从句 (教材原文) I learnt lots of interesting things when I was there. 我在那里时，学到了很多有趣的东西。 此句中when引导了一个过去时态的时间状语从句，主句也用相应的过去的时态。 例如：He could play football well when he was young. 他小的时候足球踢得很好。 3. 选择疑问句 (教材原文) Which do you think is the most beautiful, the rose, the peony , or the lotus flower? 你认为玫瑰、牡丹和荷花，哪一种最美？ (教材原文) Which animal jumps the highest, the lion, the monkey, or the tree frog?狮子、猴子和树蛙，哪种动物跳 得最高？ 以上两个句子是选择疑问句。选择疑问句常以一般疑问句或特殊疑问句为基础，用or连接两个或以上的并列成分供选择。选择疑问句不用yes或no回答，而是在供选择的选项中选择一个对象作为回答。 例如：—Is your father a teacher or doctor? 你爸爸是一名老师还是医生？ —He is a doctor. 他是名医生。 [随学随练] 单项填空。 (1)—Would you like some dumplings or noodles? —________. A．Yes, dumplings B．No, noodles C．Yes, both D．Dumplings, please (2)—Do you like music ______ PE? —Music is my favorite. I can play many instruments. A．not B．but C．or D．and 4. as引导原因状语从句 (教材原文) Chinese people love the ginkgo, as it is a symbol of hope and long life.中国人钟爱银杏，因为它象征着希望和长寿。 此句中as表示“因为”，引导一个原因状语从句。 例如： As it’s raining outside, we’d better take an umbrella and go there by taxi.由于外面正在下雨，我们最好带上雨伞，并乘坐出租车前往。 [随学随练] 单项填空。 Michael was late for school _________ he missed the school bus. A．so B．but C．as D．if 4、 其他重要知识点讲解 1. one of...结构 (1) one of后接可数名词复数，表示“...中的一个，...之一”。 One of the boys is from the USA. 其中一个男孩来自美国。 (2) one of the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数，表示“最...的...之一”。 David is one of the tallest students in his class. 大卫是班上个子最高的学生之一。 [随学随练] 单项填空。 One of ________ drawing a picture under the tree ________ my cousin. A．boys; are B．the boy; are C．the boys; is D．boy; is 2. subject名词用法 (1) subject用作可数名词，可以表示“主题，话题，题材”。 Bamboo is one of the most popular subjects in Chinese paintings.竹子是中国画中最受欢迎的题材之一。 books on many different subjects 题材广泛的各种书籍 (2) subject还可以表示“学科，科目”。 Physics is my favourite subject.物理是我最喜欢的学科。 3. seem用法 seem是系动词，意为“好像，似乎，看来”，常见用法如下： (1) seem+adj. He seemed angry. 他好像生气了。 (2) seem+to do I seem to have left my book at home.我大概是把书忘在家里了 (3) It seems that... It seemed that he didn’t know the truth. 他似乎并不知道真相。 [随学随练] 单项填空。 The boy seemed ________ when his father sent him a toy car as his birthday present. A．happy B．happily C．happiness D．happier 5、 基础知识综合练习 1. 根据提示填写正确形式的单词，每空一词。 (1) English is not only a language, but also a (工具) to know about other cultures. (2) Ice cream, the sweet treat, (事实上) came from China. (3) He (射击) at a bird, but he missed it. (4) As a traditional Chinese martial art (武术), Taijiquan is (受欢迎的) in more than 150 countries all over the world. (5) We waited for him for an hour, but he didn’t (出现). (6) When the elephant was born, it (称重) about 100 kilos. (7) There are many beautiful (蝴蝶) in the garden. (8) Can you see the bird with beautiful markings on its (翅膀)? (9) They planted many flowers, such as (玫瑰) and sunflowers and so on. (10) The plane finally (降落) safely and all the people cheered happily. (11) Grandparents usually (散步)along the river after dinner. (12) (竹子) is (美德的象征)in Chinese culture. 2. 用所给词的正确形式填空或者根据句意填写适当的单词使句意通顺。 (1) —Do you know the (weigh)of the stone? (2) —Yes. It (weigh)about 200 kilos. (3) Shanghai is one of the biggest (city)in China. (4) Mary used clay (make)a nice cup for her mother. (5) Chinese is one of the (old) languages in the world. As Chinese students, we should learn it well. (6) When the sun is setting, everything appears (be) golden. (7) Egypt is an (Africa) country. What about India? (8) We can’t judge (判断) a book from its cover, and we can’t choose a friend from his (appear). (9) Luosifen is popular among young people. Although it smells quite terrible, it’s (actual) delicious. (10) Hanfu is popular young people. You can see many of them wear hanfu on the streets. (11) Feel free (ask) me anything on today’s school trip. (12) Old Tom (rise) slowly from the chair and left this house. 3. 单项填空。 (1) — The new movie star is really popular. — Yes, and he will________ on the talk show this evening. A．appear B．happen C．follow D．become (2) —Can I use your color pencils? —Sure, feel free ________ them. I’m not using them now. A．use B．to use C．using D．uses (3) London is one of the ________ famous ________ in the world. A．/; city B．most; cities C．more; cities D．most; city (4) The movie seems ________ boring. I don’t want to watch it again. A．to be B．being C．be D．to being (5) —________ does a baby panda ________? —About 100 grams. A．How heavy; weight B．How much; weigh C．How many; weigh D．How much; weight (6) — Mom, I don’t care what my classmates think about me. I just want to be myself. — Well, I think you should, because some opinions are worth(值得)________. A．attending B．folding C．weighing D．reminding (7) —Which sport is ________, football, basketball or volleyball? —Basketball, I think. A．exciting B．more exciting C．most exciting D．the most exciting (8) English is my favorite subject ________ it’s very interesting. A．if B．though C．whether D．as 6、 技能提升综合练习 1. 听力选择 听材料，回答各题。 (1)What animal did Mike see first? A．Elephants. B．Pandas. C．Monkeys. (2)What were the elephants doing? A．Sleeping. B．Playing C．Eating. (3)What did the woman do after watching the elephants? A．Went to see the monkeys. B．Played with the pandas. C．Left the zoo. 听独白，回答以下各小题。 (4)How long can Baobab trees live? A．For only 10 years. B．For over 5, 000 years. C．For about 25 years. (5)What does the fruit of Baobab trees look like? A．Monkeys. B．Trees. C．Bread. (6)What animals like the fruit of Baobab trees very much? A．Birds. B．Monkeys. C．Elephants. 听一篇短文，回答下面几个小题。 (7)What’s bamboo? A．A kind of tree. B．A kind of grass. C．A kind of flower. (8)How long can one bamboo plant grow in 24 hours? A．1.5 metres. B．5 metres. C．5.1 metres. 2. 补全对话 A: I just finished a really interesting interview (采访), Bob. B: 1 A: Anna Wild. She works at a zoo and knows a lot about animals. B: I like animals, too. My favorite is the cheetah. It can run 121 kilometers an hour. A: That’s fast. 2 B: Really? What is it? A: A kind of falcon (猎鹰). 3 B: I see. I know koalas sleep the most. 4 A: The shark. It never really sleeps! Elephants don’t sleep much, either. B: 5 A: About four hours. A． How many hours do elephants sleep a night? B．It can fly as fast as 300 kilometers an hour! C．Tell me another interesting animal fact. D．But another animal can move even faster. E. Who did you interview? F. What is your favorite animal? G. But which animal sleeps the least? 3. 语篇填空 阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入一个适当的词, 或填入括号中所给单词的适当形式。 My name is Pingo. I am a two-year-old emperor penguin (帝企鹅). I live 1 Antarctica with all the other emperor penguins. There are no emperor penguins anywhere else in the world. Together with many other penguins, we make up a group. We spend 2 (we) whole lives here and the temperature can drop to-75°F. We have special 3 (way) of keeping warm. Emperor penguins are 4 (large) penguins in the world. In our group, 5 an emperor penguin is 9 months old, he is fully grown (成年的). The tallest in my group is Pablo—4 feet tall. Emperor penguins are heavy too. Pablo is more than 100 pounds. I'm not as tall as Pablo. A funny thing about us is that we are birds with wings, 6 we can’t fly. We use our wings 7 (help) us swim faster under water. Most emperor penguins live for 15 to 20 years. Polly, a member of our group, will be 38 this year. She’s 8 (real) old as a penguin. I am getting a little worried about 9 future of emperor penguins. The weather is changing in the Antarctic sea and that could greatly hurt us. Scientists say we could all have died by the year 2100 if it keeps getting warmer and 10 (warm). That’s too bad. 4. 完形填空 “Come with me. I’ll show you something amazing.” It was one day last 1 . After we had lunch, my friend Zhu decided to give me a tour of his childhood neighbourhood. After a 20-minute walk, we arrived at Qiaojia Road. 2 , my friend stopped in front of a small garden (花园) on Yongtai Street. “Here we are,” he said excitedly. “Excuse me, 3 where is the amazing thing?” I asked. “Isn’t it beautiful?” My friend 4 a tall ginkgo tree in the garden. “Yes,” I looked at the direction and answered. “But golden ginkgo trees are everywhere this time of autumn.” “This one is different,” said Zhu. “It’s over 700 years old.” The tree looked healthy. But my friend said luck hadn’t always been on its side. During the Kangxi years of the Qing Dynasty, 5 wanted to cut it down. Luckily, Zhang Xiyi, a government official,   6 it from the axe (斧头). And in its early years, the tree was attacked (被攻击) by insects and hit by lightning. It stood still 7 so many challenges. Many people believed that the tree was magic. They used to pray (祈祷) under it, hoping it would bring them good luck. They had the 8 of seeing many of their dreams came true. I looked at the “magic” tree and its fan-shaped leaves in 9 . “Amazing!” I said. Last weekend, I visited the 10 again. It looked as healthy as ever. The street was very quiet. Sometimes a postman would go by. Then more people came and went. The tree was like a lonely old man. Few passers-by noticed it. But it didn’t mind, just like your grandfather. It’s always ready to tell its stories, if anyone would like to stop and listen. 1．A．spring B．summer C．autumn D．winter 2．A．Finally B．Recently C．Actually D．Luckily 3．A．and B．but C．or D．so 4．A．looked for B．climbed up C．learned about D．pointed at 5．A．someone B．anyone C．nobody D．everyone 6．A．found B．caught C．saved D．saw 7．A．through B．across C．past D．around 8．A．love B．feeling C．pleasure D．success 9．A．time B．order C．future D．surprise 10．A．house B．tree C．river D．flower 5. 语篇补全 Camels are amazing animals. They aren’t the most beautiful animals in the world. But they are certainly the most useful animals in hot areas such as North Africa and the Middle East. They usually help people carry things. 1 Do you know that Arabian camels are not the same as Asian camels? If you take a close look at them, you will find that Arabian camels are dromedaries. That is to say you can only find one hump (驼峰) on its back. But Asian camels are Bactrians—they have two humps. 2 Isn’t that interesting? An adult camel is about 2 meters tall and the weight of each is about 500 kilograms. 3 And its feet are big and soft. Most of the camels can live for about 40 years, but usually they don’t have to work when they are about 25. Camels mainly eat grass, leaves and bushes. They can walk for more than 600 kilometers even if they are not given water. 4 But when there is water, they can drink as much as 90 liters. Camels walk slowly. They don’t like running because it’s too hot. But if they need, they can run at 20 kilometers an hour. So, next time, when you travel in a desert, if a man says, “Look, here comes a ship. Do you want to take a ride?” 5 A．Its legs are long. B．Can you understand what the “ship” is? C．Now I’d like to tell you something about them. D．They look similar to each other. E．They are the two main kinds in the world. F．They only need to drink water every seven days. G．They don’t need to drink water at all. 6. 阅读理解 A For the first time ever, scientists have recorded the heart rate (心率) of the world’s largest creature: the blue whale. To get this reading, they attached an electrocardiogram (心电图) device to the body of a whale. They found that the whale’s heart rate can slow to just two beats a minute as it searches for food below the surface of the ocean. The highest heart rate they recorded was 37 beats a minute after the whale returned to the surface for air. The blue whale is the largest animal that has ever lived. It can grow to 30 meters long and weigh as much as 181,000 kilograms. The whale’s heart alone weighs more than a fully grown cow. Stanford University ocean biologist Jeremy Goldbogen led the blue whale heart rate study. He said such research helps scientists understand how huge animals are. Generally, larger animals have slower heart rates. A normal human heart of a person at rest beats 60 to 100 times each minute. It increases to about 200 beats a minute during exercise. The smallest animals, shrews (地鼠), have heart rates of more than a thousand beats per minute. Blue whales have fascinated biologists and people in general for years. They are not only the largest and biggest-brained animals. They are also the loudest. They can communicate with other whales hundreds of miles away. 1．What is the blue whale’s heart rate when it searches for food under the water? A．2 beats a minute. B．37 beats a minute. C．60 beats a minute. 2．What can we learn about blue whales from paragraph 3? A．They can’t grow to 30 meters long. B．They weigh as much as 18,100 kilograms. C．The whale’s heart alone weighs more than a fully grown cow. 3．Which animal has the fastest heart rate according to the passage? A．A blue whale. B．A cow. C．A shrew. 4．Which part of a magazine may the passage be taken from? A．Art. B．Nature. C．Business. B Folding When Touched     Have you ever seen a plant that seems shy? That’s Mimosa pudica. When touched, its leaves fold up fast, as if it’s feeling shy. Why does this happen? Each leaf has a special part called the “leaf pillow (叶枕)”. When you touch the leaves, the water inside this part quickly moves to other parts of the plant. With less water, it gets soft, causing the leaves to fold up. This also protects it from small animals that try to eat it. Storing Water inside Trunks  Have you ever heard of baobab trees? These trees have super-fat trunks (树干) that look like big bottles. They live in hot, dry places. So they store lots of water inside their trunks to stay alive. They are also among the longest-living plants. It’s said that they can live for thousands of years. These trees are also very useful. People can eat their sweet fruit. Also, the leaves can be used to make food or medicine. _________________     The epiphyllum, also known as the “beauty under the moon”, is truly a wonder. It only blooms (开花) at night with large beautiful white petals (花瓣). When it blooms, it gives off a sweet smell that fills the air. What makes it even more amazing is its short blooming time—it only lasts for about 3 to 4 hours. That’s why people use the saying “a flash in the pan” to describe something that’s beautiful but doesn’t last long. 1．In which SECTION of the newspaper can we read the news? A．LIFESTYLE. B．WILDLIFE. C．WORLD． D．NATURE. 2．Why do the leaves of Mimosa pudica fold up when touched? A．Light makes its leaves fold. B．The plant is afraid of people. C．Water moves inside the plant. D．Small animals touch its leaves. 3．Baobab trees look different from other trees because ________. A．they can live for a very long time. B．their fruit gives off a nice smell. C．their trunks are like oversized bottles. D．they can store water for animals. 4．The best heading for the third piece of news would be ________. A．Growing in the Dark B．Blooming in a Flash C．Smelling Very Sweet D．Enjoying a Moment 5．What does the above news focus on? A．Amazing plants. B．New findings. C．Special flowers. D．Wild beauty. 7. 任务型阅读理解 The sun bear is the smallest bear, with a body length of 48 to 60 inches (英寸). Sun bears like rainforests (热带雨林) better. They are believed to sleep in trees. The sun bear is not a big meat-eater. The sun bear often uses its long tongue (舌头) for eating termites (白蚁). Why is it called the “sun bear”? Well, there’s a pale circle on its chest (胸膛), just like a small sun. They have short, black fur with a golden or white horseshoe (马蹄铁) shape on their chest. It is also known as “honey bear” because of its love for sweet food. A mother sun bear usually has 1 or 2 babies at a time. Baby sun bears are tiny and weak when they’re born. They can’t see and have no hair. The mother feeds them milk and keeps them safe. The babies open their eyes when they’re around one month old. They live with their mother for about two years. With only 600 to 1,000 left in the wild in the rainforests of South Asia, it is in danger. People are cutting down trees and using the land for farming. So the rainforests where the sun bear lives are becoming smaller and smaller. Sun bears are killed because their meat is delicious and parts of their body can be made into traditional medicine. People also like to keep young sun bears as pets and kill the mother bears. So the sun bear needs our help. 1．People believe the sun bears in trees. (仅填1词) 2．The sun bear is also called “honey bear” because of . (不超过6词) 3．When do baby sun bears open their eyes? (不超过7词) 4．Please list one reason why the sun bear is in danger. (不超过11词) 5．If you were a volunteer to protect sun bears, what would you do to help them? (不超过20词) 第 1 页 共 7 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit 4 Amazing Plants and Animals核心知识点精讲精练 1 (Section A) 【主要内容】 · 【单元核心知识点精讲精练】每个单元按照教材安排分为Section A；Grammar和Section B三个部分。 · Section A部分包括本部分重点短语、重点词汇(包括重点的小学词汇)、重难句型等核心知识点。 · Section A部分包含数量丰富与多类型的随学随练，基础知识综合练习(填写单词，用适当形式填空等)与技能提升综合练习(听力、阅读理解、完形填空，语篇填空等)。 · Section A部分内容思维导图如下: 1、 重点短语集锦(前标*为词汇表短语) 1. *folding fan 折扇 2. a painting of bamboo 一幅竹子画 3. one of the most popular subjects 最受欢迎的主题之一 4. a symbol of goodness 美德的象征 5. in Chinese culture 在中国文化里 6. use ... to do 用...做... 7. make tools and instruments 制作工具和仪器 8. bamboo shoots 竹笋 9. tour guide 导游 10. share sth. with sb. 和某人分享某物 11. *feel free (to do sth.) 可以随便做某事 12. land animal 陆地动物 13. love... the best 最喜欢... 14. on earth 在世界上，在人间 15. up to 达到，不多于 16. thousands of 成千上万的 17. *take a walk 散步 18. bring joy to their heart 给他们内心带来快乐 2、 重点词汇解析(单词前标*为初中新学词汇) 1. folding /ˈfəʊldɪŋ/ adj. 折叠式的；可折叠的 [词汇拓展] fold(v.)折叠；unfold(v.)展开，打开 [词汇搭配] folding fan 折扇；a folding chair折叠椅 [词汇例句] He lay on a folding bed. 他躺在一张折叠床上。 2. bamboo /bæmˈbuː/ n. 竹子 [词汇搭配] bamboo shoots竹笋；bamboo forest竹林 [词汇用法] · bamboo常用于指材料或食物，用作不可数名词。 Pandas like eating bamboo. 熊猫喜欢吃竹子。 · 当谈论竹子种类时，使可数名词，其复数形式为bamboos(直接在词尾加s)。 [词汇例句] Lisa wants to learn how to paint bamboo in ink. 丽莎想学习如何用墨水画竹子。 [随学随练] 单项填空。 Giraffes like eating ________, and pandas like eating ________. A．leaf; bamboo B．leafs; bamboo C．leaf; bamboos D．leaves; bamboo 【答案】D 【详解】句意：长颈鹿喜欢吃树叶，熊猫喜欢吃竹子。 考查名词的数。leaf“树叶”是可数名词，复数是leaves；bamboo“竹子”是不可数名词，无复数形式，排除C；第一空空前无限定词，应用复数表示泛指，排除A、B；故选D。 3. popular /ˈpɒpjələ(r)/ adj. 广受欢迎的；流行的 [词汇拓展] <比较级>more popular；<最高级>most popular unpopular(adj.)不受欢迎的；popularity (n.)受欢迎，普及； popularly (adv.)普遍地，广泛地 [词汇搭配] the most popular subject最受欢迎的主题/学科；popular music流行音乐 be popular with/among受...的欢迎，在...中很流行 more and more popular越来越受欢迎 [词汇例句] The book is popular with students. 这本书受到学生们的欢迎。 [随学随练] 用popular的适当形式填空。 (1) Tea and coffee are two of the most popular drinks in the world. (2) He always plays jokes on others. So he is unpopular among his classmates. (3) Generative(生成的) AI will be popularly used in the future. (4) His books have gained(获得) in popularity in recent years. (5) The winter sports become more and more popular(越来越受欢迎). 4. goodness /ˈɡʊdnəs/ n. 美德；营养 [词汇拓展] good(adj.)好的；(n.)善行；好处；bad(adj.)坏的；(n.)坏事；badness(n.)道德败坏 [词汇搭配] a symbol of goodness美德的象征；Goodness! /Goodness me!/ My goodness! 天哪！啊呀！ [词汇例句] If you boil the vegetables too long they'll lose all their goodness.蔬菜煮的时间太长，就会 失去它所有的营养。 My goodness, you have been busy! 天哪，你一直在忙！ 5. tool /tuːl/ n. 工具；手段 [词汇搭配] garden tools 园艺工具； make tools制作工具 [词汇例句] The computer is now an invaluable tool for the family doctor.计算机现在是家庭医生非常 有用的工具。 6. actually /ˈæktʃuəli/ adv. 实际上；居然 [词汇拓展] <比较级>more actually；<最高级>most actually actual(adj.)实际的，真实的 [词汇用法] · 用于强调事实，表示“的确，事实上，实际上”。 What did she actually say? 她到底是怎么说的？ · 用于表示想法与事实不一致而惊奇，表示“居然，竟然” The food was not actually all that expensive. 食品居然并不那么昂贵。 · 用于礼貌地纠正他人。 We're not American, actually. We're Canadian. 实际上我们不是美国人。我们是加拿大人。 · 礼貌地引起注意、转换话题、直言。 Well actually, John, I rang you for some advice.这么说吧，约翰，我给你打电话是想得到些建议。 [随学随练] 单项填空。 —I heard your team lost the basketball game yesterday. That’s too bad. —Well, ________, we didn’t lose. We won! A．quickly B．brightly C．actually D．certainly 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——我听说你们队昨天输了篮球赛。那太糟糕了。——嗯，其实我们并没有输。我们赢了！ 考查副词辨析。quickly迅速地；brightly明亮地；actually实际上；certainly当然。根据“Well…we didn’t lose. We won!”可知，实际上，“我们”赢了比赛，没有输。故选C。 7. shoot /ʃuːt/ n. 幼苗，嫩芽；拍摄； v. 开(枪)，射击；射杀，射伤；(朝某方向)冲，奔，飞驰；拍摄；投篮，射门 [词汇拓展] <过去式> shot /ʃɒt/ [词汇搭配] bamboo shoots竹笋；new green shoots绿色的新芽 shoot down 射下；击落；shoot off迅速离开；shoot up快速长高；迅速上升 shoot past飞驰而过 [词汇例句] They had almost reached the boat when a figure shot past them.他们差不多快到船边时， 一个人影从他们旁边飞奔而过。 [随学随练] 写出下列句子中shoot的中文意思。 (1) They shot the lock(锁) off. (v.) 射击 (2) A plane shot across the sky. (v.) (朝某方向)冲，奔，飞驰 (3) The movie was shot in black and white. (v.) 拍摄 (4) He should have shot instead of passing. (v.) 射门，投篮 (5) They are white and black. They like to eat bamboo shoots . (v.) 幼苗；嫩芽 (6) Ticket prices shot up last year. 迅速上升 8. appear /əˈpɪə(r)/ v. 出现，呈现；显得，看来，似乎；开始存在，产生；出版，问世；演出 [词汇拓展] disappear (v.)消失；appearance (n.)出现；外貌 [词汇搭配] appear to do 好像，似乎；It appears/appeared that... 似乎...，看来... [词汇例句] A woman appeared at the far end of the street.一个女人远远出现在街的尽头。 It appears that he made a mistake. 看来他犯了个错误。 [随学随练] 单项填空。 (1)Grandpa enjoys ______ stories and he appears ______ countless stories. A．to tell; to have B．telling; to have C．to tell; having D．telling; having 【答案】B 【详解】句意：爷爷喜欢讲故事，他似乎有数不尽的故事。 考查非谓语的用法。根据“Grandpa enjoys...stories and he appears...countless stories”可知，enjoy doing sth “喜欢做某事”；appear to do sth “似乎做某事”，故第一个空填telling，第二个空填to have。故选B。 (2)—Where is Jack? He didn’t last night.     —He was ill last night. A．solve B．spare C．appear D．touch 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——杰克在哪里？他昨晚没有出现。——他昨晚病了。 考查词义辨析。solve解决;spare抽出；appear出现；touch触碰。根据回答“他昨晚生病了”，推测出“他昨晚没有出现”。故选C。 9. land /lænd/ n. 陆地；土地 v. 降落；着陆；成功得到，赢得；使陷于(困境) [词汇拓展] dreamland梦境；理想世界；wonderland（童话中的）仙境，奇境； [词汇搭配] land animal陆地动物；a piece of waste land 一块荒地 land (sb.) in 使陷入(困境) [词汇例句] The land rose to the east. 那地向东隆起。 The plane landed safely.飞机安全着陆了。 [词汇用法] · land表示“陆地，土地”，用作不可数名词。 a piece of land 一块土地 · land也可以用作可数名词，表示“国家，地区”，用于表示情感上或想象的国家、地区。 They dreamed of travelling to foreign lands.他们梦想去外国旅游。 [随学随练] 单项填空。 (1) Our plane ________ at Beijing Badaling Airport in 30 minutes, please return to your seat and fasten your safety belt (系紧安全带). A．is landing B．lands C．landed D．will land 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我们的飞机将在30分钟后降落在北京八达岭机场，请返回座位并系好安全带。 考查动词时态。is landing现在进行时；lands第三人称单数形式，是一般现在时；landed过去式，是一般过去时；will land一般将来时。根据句意和时间状语“in 30 minutes”可知，应用一般将来时。故选D。 (2)—What do you think of the environment here? —Wonderful! __________ of the land __________ covered with trees. A．Two fifths; is B．Two fifth; is C．Two fifths; are D．Two fifth; are 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你认为这里的环境怎么样？——棒极了！五分之二的陆地被树木和草所覆盖。 考查分数表达法和主谓一致。英语中，分数表达用基数词作分子，用序数词作分母，分子大于1，分母用复数形式，作主语时谓语动词的数由名词来定；结合选项，two fifths表达正确，意思是“五分之二”，可排除BD两项；后空land意为“陆地，土地”，为不可数名词，根据主谓一致的原则，需用is，故选A。 10. African /ˈæfrɪkən/ adj. 非洲的；非洲人的 n. 非洲人 [词汇拓展] Africa(n.)非洲；America(n.)美洲；美国；American (n.)美洲人；美国人；(adj.)美洲的；美 国的；Asia(n.)亚洲；Asian(n.)亚洲人；(adj.)亚洲的；Europe(n.)欧洲；European(n.)欧洲人； (adj.)欧洲的 [词汇搭配] African elephant非洲象；African culture非洲文化 [词汇例句] Soon it became popular with farmers in other African countries.很快，它就在其他非洲国 家的农民中流行起来。 [随学随练] 单项填空。 The giraffe comes from ________ Africa. It is ________ African animal. A．/; a B．a; / C．/; an D．the; an 【答案】C 【详解】句意：长颈鹿来自非洲。它是一种非洲动物。 考查冠词。Africa表示非洲，前面不加冠词；第二空泛指一种非洲动物，应用不定冠词，African是以元音音素开头的单词，应用an。故选C。 11. rose /rəʊz/ n. 玫瑰；蔷薇 [词汇搭配] a red rose 一朵红玫瑰；China rose 月季花 [词汇例句] Lily likes roses best. 莉莉最喜欢玫瑰花。 [词汇用法] · rose用作名词，表示“玫瑰；蔷薇”。 She bent to pick a red rose. 她弯腰去摘一朵红玫瑰。 · rose还可以用作rise的过去式，表示“上升，升起；起立”。 They rose from the table. 他们从餐桌旁站起身。 [随学随练] 单项填空。 (1)We ________ our heads to watch the sun ________ over the mountain. A．raised; rise B．raise; rose C．raised; rose D．rose; raise 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我们抬起头看太阳从桥上升起。 考查动词辨析。raise抬起；rise升起；raised过去式，原形raise；rose过去式，原形rise。根据“We ... our  heads to watch the sun ... over the bridge”可知，此处是指我们抬起头看太阳从桥上升起，raise为及物动词，意为“举起”，需接宾语；rise为不及物动词，意为“上升”，不接宾语。第一个空后接宾语our heads，表示“抬头”，需及物动词的过去式raised；第二个空主语为the sun，描述太阳升起的不及物动作，watch sb/sth do sth用省略to的不定式作宾语补足语。故选A。 (2)Eric bought ________ roses than us because he didn’t take enough money. A．less B．fewer C．least D．fewest 【答案】B 【详解】句意：埃里克买的玫瑰比我们少，因为他带的钱不够。 考查形容词比较级用法。less修饰不可数名词，比较级；fewer修饰可数名词，比较级；least和fewest是最高级。根据“than”可知，此处需用比较级，可排除CD选项；roses是可数名词，因此使用fewer，表示“更少的”。故选B。 12. weigh /weɪ/ v. 有……重；称重量；认真考虑，权衡；斟酌(字句)；(对看法或结果)有影响，有分量 [词汇拓展] weight(n.)重量 [词汇搭配] weigh up to 860 kg重量可达860公斤；weigh your words推敲；斟酌字句 weigh down使烦恼，使焦虑；weigh on加重…的思想负担；使焦虑不安；使担忧 [词汇例句] [随学随练] 写出下列句子中weigh的中文意思。 (1) She weighed the stone in her hand. (v.)称重量，量体重 (2) You must weigh up the pros and cons. (v.) 认真考虑；权衡 (3) He said the words very slowly, as if weighing each one of them. (v.) 斟酌(字句) (4) His past record weighs heavily against him. (v.) （对看法或结果）有影响；有分量 (5) Something was weighing on her mind. 加重…的思想负担；使焦虑不安；使担忧 13. fan /fæn/ n. 扇子；电风扇；迷，狂热爱好者 [词汇搭配] electric fan电风扇；movie fans电影迷；a football fan足球迷 [词汇例句] His brother is a big fan of ancient history.他弟弟是古代历史迷。 14. earth /ɜːθ/ n.地球，世界 [词汇拓展] sun(n.)太阳；moon(n.)月球 [词汇搭配] on earth在世界上，在人世间；(用于以how, why, what 或 where 开始的问句，表示 强调)究竟，到底；on the earth 在地球上 down to earth 直率，务实的；come down/back to earth回到现实，恢复正常生活 [词汇用法] · earth表示“地球”，与sun,moon等独一无二的事物相同，前面加the。有时earth表示“地球”，在天文学、地质学、诗歌等中常首字母大写，写作Earth或the Earth。 The earth travels around the sun. 地球绕着太阳转。 · earth还可以用作不可数名词，表示“泥土”。 She grew flowers with earth, water and love.她用泥土、水和爱来种花。 3、 重难句型解析 1. 讨论动物的神奇 (教材原文) —What’s amazing about the blue whale?蓝鲸有什么神奇之处？ —It’s the largest/biggest animal in the world?它是世界上最大的动物吗？ 常用于描述动物的形容词有：beautiful漂亮的；fast快的；heavy重的；long长的；old年老的；small小的；tall高的；short矮的，短的... 2. when时间状语从句 (教材原文) I learnt lots of interesting things when I was there. 我在那里时，学到了很多有趣的东西。 此句中when引导了一个过去时态的时间状语从句，主句也用相应的过去的时态。 例如：He could play football well when he was young. 他小的时候足球踢得很好。 3. 选择疑问句 (教材原文) Which do you think is the most beautiful, the rose, the peony , or the lotus flower? 你认为玫瑰、牡丹和荷花，哪一种最美？ (教材原文) Which animal jumps the highest, the lion, the monkey, or the tree frog?狮子、猴子和树蛙，哪种动物跳 得最高？ 以上两个句子是选择疑问句。选择疑问句常以一般疑问句或特殊疑问句为基础，用or连接两个或以上的并列成分供选择。选择疑问句不用yes或no回答，而是在供选择的选项中选择一个对象作为回答。 例如：—Is your father a teacher or doctor? 你爸爸是一名老师还是医生？ —He is a doctor. 他是名医生。 [随学随练] 单项填空。 (1)—Would you like some dumplings or noodles? —________. A．Yes, dumplings B．No, noodles C．Yes, both D．Dumplings, please 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——你想要一些饺子还是面条？——请给我一些饺子。 考查选择疑问句。Yes, dumplings是的，饺子；No, noodles不是的，面条；Yes, both是的，两者都要；Dumplings, please请给我一些饺子。根据“Would you like some dumplings or noodles?”可知，这是一个选择疑问句，不能用Yes或No回答。故选D。 (2)—Do you like music ______ PE? —Music is my favorite. I can play many instruments. A．not B．but C．or D．and 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你喜欢音乐还是体育？——音乐是我最喜欢的。我会弹奏很多乐器。 考查连词。not不；but但是；or或者；and而且。此处是选择疑问句，用or连接并列宾语，故选C。 4. as引导原因状语从句 (教材原文) Chinese people love the ginkgo, as it is a symbol of hope and long life.中国人钟爱银杏，因为它象征着希望和长寿。 此句中as表示“因为”，引导一个原因状语从句。 例如： As it’s raining outside, we’d better take an umbrella and go there by taxi.由于外面正在下雨，我们最好带上雨伞，并乘坐出租车前往。 [随学随练] 单项填空。 Michael was late for school _________ he missed the school bus. A．so B．but C．as D．if 【答案】C 【详解】句意：迈克尔上学迟到了，因为他错过了校车。 考查连词辨析。so因此（表结果）；but但是（表转折）；as因为（表原因）；if如果（表假设）。根据“missed the school bus”和“late for school”可知，前后之间存在因果关系。故选C。 4、 其他重要知识点讲解 1. one of...结构 (1) one of后接可数名词复数，表示“...中的一个，...之一”。 One of the boys is from the USA. 其中一个男孩来自美国。 (2) one of the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数，表示“最...的...之一”。 David is one of the tallest students in his class. 大卫是班上个子最高的学生之一。 [随学随练] 单项填空。 One of ________ drawing a picture under the tree ________ my cousin. A．boys; are B．the boy; are C．the boys; is D．boy; is 【答案】C 【详解】句意：在树下画画的其中一个男孩是我的表弟。 考查名词的复数形式和主谓一致。“one of the+名词复数”表示“……之一”，作主语时谓语动词用单数，故选 C。 2. subject名词用法 (1) subject用作可数名词，可以表示“主题，话题，题材”。 Bamboo is one of the most popular subjects in Chinese paintings.竹子是中国画中最受欢迎的题材之一。 books on many different subjects 题材广泛的各种书籍 (2) subject还可以表示“学科，科目”。 Physics is my favourite subject.物理是我最喜欢的学科。 3. seem用法 seem是系动词，意为“好像，似乎，看来”，常见用法如下： (1) seem+adj. He seemed angry. 他好像生气了。 (2) seem+to do I seem to have left my book at home.我大概是把书忘在家里了 (3) It seems that... It seemed that he didn’t know the truth. 他似乎并不知道真相。 [随学随练] 单项填空。 The boy seemed ________ when his father sent him a toy car as his birthday present. A．happy B．happily C．happiness D．happier 【答案】A 【详解】句意：当男孩的爸爸送给他一个玩具车作为生日礼物时，他看来是开心的。 考查词语辨析。happy高兴的，形容词；happily高兴地，副词；happiness高兴，名词；happier更高兴的，形容词比较级。seem“看来，似乎”此时作系动词，后续形容词作表语，而根据语境没有比较，故选A。 5、 基础知识综合练习 1. 根据提示填写正确形式的单词，每空一词。 (1) English is not only a language, but also a tool (工具) to know about other cultures. (2) Ice cream, the sweet treat, actually (事实上) came from China. (3) He shot (射击) at a bird, but he missed it. (4) As a traditional Chinese martial art (武术), Taijiquan is popular (受欢迎的) in more than 150 countries all over the world. (5) We waited for him for an hour, but he didn’t appear(出现). (6) When the elephant was born, it weighed (称重) about 100 kilos. (7) There are many beautiful butterflies (蝴蝶) in the garden. (8) Can you see the bird with beautiful markings on its wings (翅膀)? (9) They planted many flowers, such as roses (玫瑰) and sunflowers and so on. (10) The plane finally landed (降落) safely and all the people cheered happily. (11) Grandparents usually take a walk (散步)along the river after dinner. (12) Bamboo(竹子) is a symbol of goodness (美德的象征)in Chinese culture. 2. 用所给词的正确形式填空或者根据句意填写适当的单词使句意通顺。 (1) —Do you know the weight(weigh)of the stone? (2) —Yes. It weighs (weigh)about 200 kilos. (3) Shanghai is one of the biggest cities (city)in China. (4) Mary used clay to make (make)a nice cup for her mother. (5) Chinese is one of the oldest(old) languages in the world. As Chinese students, we should learn it well. (6) When the sun is setting, everything appears to be(be) golden. (7) Egypt is an African (Africa) country. What about India? (8) We can’t judge (判断) a book from its cover, and we can’t choose a friend from his appearance (appear). (9) Luosifen is popular among young people. Although it smells quite terrible, it’s actually (actual) delicious. (10) Hanfu is popular among/with young people. You can see many of them wear hanfu on the streets. (11) Feel free to ask (ask) me anything on today’s school trip. (12) Old Tom rose (rise) slowly from the chair and left this house. 3. 单项填空。 (1) — The new movie star is really popular. — Yes, and he will________ on the talk show this evening. A．appear B．happen C．follow D．become 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——这位新电影明星真的很受欢迎。——是的，而且他今晚将会出现在脱口秀节目中。 考查动词辨析。appear出现；happen发生；follow跟随；become变成。根据“on the talk show”可知，这里表示出现在节目中，appear可用于此表达中。故选A。 (2) —Can I use your color pencils? —Sure, feel free ________ them. I’m not using them now. A．use B．to use C．using D．uses 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——我可以用你的彩色铅笔吗？——当然，请随意使用它们。我现在不用它们了。 考查非谓语动词。feel free to do sth.“随意做某事”，固定搭配。故选B。 (3) London is one of the ________ famous ________ in the world. A．/; city B．most; cities C．more; cities D．most; city 【答案】B 【详解】句意：伦敦是世界上最著名的城市之一。 考查形容词最高级及可数名词复数。one of...意思是“……之一”，是最高级的标志，它的后面常常有一个复数的名词或代词。故选B。 (4) The movie seems ________ boring. I don’t want to watch it again. A．to be B．being C．be D．to being 【答案】A 【详解】句意：这部电影似乎很无聊。我不想再看了。 考查非谓语动词。seem to do sth.“似乎做某事”，固定词组。故选A。 (5) —________ does a baby panda ________? —About 100 grams. A．How heavy; weight B．How much; weigh C．How many; weigh D．How much; weight 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——熊猫宝宝有多重？——大约100克。 考查特殊疑问句。how heavy多重；how much多少，对不可数名词的量进行提问；how many多少，对可数名词的数量进行提问；weight重量，名词；weigh重，动词。根据“About 100 grams.”可知，此处是对重量进行提问，提问物体的重量用“How much+did+主语+weigh”。故选B。 (6) — Mom, I don’t care what my classmates think about me. I just want to be myself. — Well, I think you should, because some opinions are worth(值得)________. A．attending B．folding C．weighing D．reminding 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——妈妈，我不在乎我的同学怎么看我。我只想做我自己。——我觉得你应该考虑一下，因为有些意见是值得考虑的。 考查动词词义辨析。attending参加；folding折叠；weighing考虑，权衡；reminding提醒。根据句意可知，因为有些意见值得考虑，所以应当要在乎。故选C。 (7) —Which sport is ________, football, basketball or volleyball? —Basketball, I think. A．exciting B．more exciting C．most exciting D．the most exciting 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——哪项运动最令人兴奋，足球、篮球还是排球？——我认为是篮球。 考查形容词最高级。exciting令人兴奋的，形容词原级；more exciting比较令人兴奋的，形容词比较级；most exciting最令人兴奋的，形容词最高级；the most exciting形容词最高级前加定冠词。根据“football, basketball or volleyball”可知，在三者之间比较，应用形容词最高级，形容词最高级前面要加定冠词the。故选D。 (8) English is my favorite subject ________ it’s very interesting. A．if B．though C．whether D．as 【答案】D 【详解】句意：英语是我最喜欢的科目，因为它非常有趣。 考查连词。if如果；though虽然；whether是否；as因为。横线后解释原因，所以是as。故选D。 6、 技能提升综合练习 1. 听力选择 听材料，回答各题。 (1)What animal did Mike see first? A．Elephants. B．Pandas. C．Monkeys. (2)What were the elephants doing? A．Sleeping. B．Playing C．Eating. (3)What did the woman do after watching the elephants? A．Went to see the monkeys. B．Played with the pandas. C．Left the zoo. 【答案】B C A 【原文】W: What animal did you see first, Mike? M: I went to see the pandas first. They were really cute. What about you? W: I started with the elephants. They were eating food. M: That sounds fun. Did you see any other animals in the zoo? W: Yes, after the elephants, I went to see the monkeys. They were playing with each other. M: That must be interesting. 听独白，回答以下各小题。 (4)How long can Baobab trees live? A．For only 10 years. B．For over 5, 000 years. C．For about 25 years. (5)What does the fruit of Baobab trees look like? A．Monkeys. B．Trees. C．Bread. (6)What animals like the fruit of Baobab trees very much? A．Birds. B．Monkeys. C．Elephants. 【答案】B C B 【原文】略 听一篇短文，回答下面几个小题。 (7)What’s bamboo? A．A kind of tree. B．A kind of grass. C．A kind of flower. (8)How long can one bamboo plant grow in 24 hours? A．1.5 metres. B．5 metres. C．5.1 metres. 【答案】B A 【原文】 Bamboo is one of the nature’s most surprising plants. Many people call this plant a tree, but it is a kind of grass. Like other kinds of grass, it may be cut very low to the ground, but it will grow back very quickly. A Japanese scientist said that one bamboo plant could grow 1.5 metres in 24 hours! This plant also has many different colours, such as yellow, black and green. 2. 补全对话 A: I just finished a really interesting interview (采访), Bob. B: 1 A: Anna Wild. She works at a zoo and knows a lot about animals. B: I like animals, too. My favorite is the cheetah. It can run 121 kilometers an hour. A: That’s fast. 2 B: Really? What is it? A: A kind of falcon (猎鹰). 3 B: I see. I know koalas sleep the most. 4 A: The shark. It never really sleeps! Elephants don’t sleep much, either. B: 5 A: About four hours. A． How many hours do elephants sleep a night? B．It can fly as fast as 300 kilometers an hour! C．Tell me another interesting animal fact. D．But another animal can move even faster. E. Who did you interview? F. What is your favorite animal? G. But which animal sleeps the least? 【答案】1．E 2．D 3．B 4．G 5．A 【分析】试题分析：本文由A关于动物的一次采访开始展开对话，B谈了自己了解的速度最快和睡觉最多和最少的动物。 1．根据下面的回答，可知上面问的是“谁”，备选句子中，只有Who did you interview?问的是“人”，故选E。 2．根据A的话That’s fast.，结合B的惊讶语气和问题Really? What is it?，可知A又提到了一种速度快的动物。But another animal can move even faster.最合题意，故选D。 3．根据A的回答A kind of falcon.，结合上文的陈述But another animal can move even faster.，可知It can fly as fast as 300 kilometers an hour!是合乎题意的补充，故选B。 4．根据下文A的答语The shark.鲨鱼，结合其补充It never really sleeps! Elephants don’t sleep much, either.可知B问他哪种动物睡得最少？故选G。 5．根据About four hours.，结合A的回答，可知B说的是数量，需用how many来提问；根据句意结构，可知选A。 点睛：本题是完成对话，要求根据对话内容，从方框内所给的选项中选出最佳选项补全对话，使文意前后连贯，表达顺畅，重在考查学生对所学语言的综合运用能力和对文段的理解判断能力。本题虽然有一定难度，但只要联系全文，把握好上下句的意思和关系，正确作答是不成问题的。 3. 语篇填空 阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入一个适当的词, 或填入括号中所给单词的适当形式。 My name is Pingo. I am a two-year-old emperor penguin (帝企鹅). I live 1 Antarctica with all the other emperor penguins. There are no emperor penguins anywhere else in the world. Together with many other penguins, we make up a group. We spend 2 (we) whole lives here and the temperature can drop to-75°F. We have special 3 (way) of keeping warm. Emperor penguins are 4 (large) penguins in the world. In our group, 5 an emperor penguin is 9 months old, he is fully grown (成年的). The tallest in my group is Pablo—4 feet tall. Emperor penguins are heavy too. Pablo is more than 100 pounds. I'm not as tall as Pablo. A funny thing about us is that we are birds with wings, 6 we can’t fly. We use our wings 7 (help) us swim faster under water. Most emperor penguins live for 15 to 20 years. Polly, a member of our group, will be 38 this year. She’s 8 (real) old as a penguin. I am getting a little worried about 9 future of emperor penguins. The weather is changing in the Antarctic sea and that could greatly hurt us. Scientists say we could all have died by the year 2100 if it keeps getting warmer and 10 (warm). That’s too bad. 【答案】 1．in 2．our 3．ways 4．the largest 5．when 6．but 7．to help 8．really 9．the 10.warmer【导语】本文主要介绍了作者作为一只两岁大的帝企鹅在南极洲的生活情况。 1．句意：我和所有其他帝企鹅一起生活在南极洲。live in+地点名词，表示“住在……地方”。故填in。 2． 句意：我们一生都生活在这里，温度可以降到零下75华氏度。we“我们”，是主格形式，修饰名词whole lives，用形容词性物主代词。故填our。 3．句意：我们有特殊的保暖方式。根据谓语动词“have”可知，此处用复数名词ways作宾语，表示“方式”。故填ways。 4．句意：帝企鹅是世界上最大的企鹅。根据“in the world”可知，此处用形容词最高级the largest修饰名词penguins。故填the largest。 5．句意：在我们的群体中，当一只帝企鹅9个月大时，它就完全长大了。根据主句“he is fully grown”和从句“an emperor penguin is 9 months old”可知，从句表示时间，应用连词when引导时间状语从句。故填when。 6．句意：关于我们的一件有趣的事情是，我们是有翅膀的鸟，但我们不能飞。根据“we are birds with wings”和“we can’t fly”可知，前后句之间是转折关系，应用连词but连接两个句子。故填but。 7．句意：我们用翅膀来帮助我们在水下游得更快。use sth. to do sth.“用某物做某事”是固定搭配，此处用不定式to help作目的状语。故填to help。 8．句意：作为一只企鹅，她真的很老了。修饰形容词old，应用副词；real的副词really“真正地”。故填really。 9．句意：我开始有点儿担心帝企鹅的未来。根据空后的名词“future”可知，此处用定冠词the表示特指。故填the。 10．句意：科学家说，如果天气继续变暖，我们可能会在2100年前全部死亡。根据warmer and...可知，此处用“比较级+and+比较级”结构。故填warmer。 4. 完形填空 “Come with me. I’ll show you something amazing.” It was one day last 1 . After we had lunch, my friend Zhu decided to give me a tour of his childhood neighbourhood. After a 20-minute walk, we arrived at Qiaojia Road. 2 , my friend stopped in front of a small garden (花园) on Yongtai Street. “Here we are,” he said excitedly. “Excuse me, 3 where is the amazing thing?” I asked. “Isn’t it beautiful?” My friend 4 a tall ginkgo tree in the garden. “Yes,” I looked at the direction and answered. “But golden ginkgo trees are everywhere this time of autumn.” “This one is different,” said Zhu. “It’s over 700 years old.” The tree looked healthy. But my friend said luck hadn’t always been on its side. During the Kangxi years of the Qing Dynasty, 5 wanted to cut it down. Luckily, Zhang Xiyi, a government official,   6 it from the axe (斧头). And in its early years, the tree was attacked (被攻击) by insects and hit by lightning. It stood still 7 so many challenges. Many people believed that the tree was magic. They used to pray (祈祷) under it, hoping it would bring them good luck. They had the 8 of seeing many of their dreams came true. I looked at the “magic” tree and its fan-shaped leaves in 9 . “Amazing!” I said. Last weekend, I visited the 10 again. It looked as healthy as ever. The street was very quiet. Sometimes a postman would go by. Then more people came and went. The tree was like a lonely old man. Few passers-by noticed it. But it didn’t mind, just like your grandfather. It’s always ready to tell its stories, if anyone would like to stop and listen. 1．A．spring B．summer C．autumn D．winter 2．A．Finally B．Recently C．Actually D．Luckily 3．A．and B．but C．or D．so 4．A．looked for B．climbed up C．learned about D．pointed at 5．A．someone B．anyone C．nobody D．everyone 6．A．found B．caught C．saved D．saw 7．A．through B．across C．past D．around 8．A．love B．feeling C．pleasure D．success 9．A．time B．order C．future D．surprise 10．A．house B．tree C．river D．flower 【答案】 1．C 2．A 3．B 4．D 5．A 6．C 7．A 8．C 9．D 10．B 【导语】本文主要讲述了朋友向作者介绍的一棵老银杏树的故事。 1．句意：那是去年秋天的一天。 spring春天；summer夏天；autumn秋天；winter冬天。根据下文“But golden ginkgo trees are everywhere this time of autumn.”可知，此时是秋天。故选C。 2．句意：最后，我的朋友在永泰街的一个小花园前停了下来。 Finally最后；Recently最近；Actually事实上；Luckily幸运的是。根据下文“Here we are,”可知，此处指到达目的地，表示最后停了下来。故选A。 3．句意：“打扰一下，但令人惊奇的东西在哪里？”我问道。 and然后；but但是；or或者；so所以。根据“Come with me. I’ll show you something amazing.”和“ my friend stopped in front of a small garden (花园) on Yongtai Street. ‘Here we are,’ he said excitedly.”可知，作者跟着朋友去看令人惊奇的东西，但朋友最后停留在一个小花园，所以作者问东西在何处；此处句意发生了转折，but符合。故选B。 4．句意：我的朋友指着花园里一棵高大的银杏树。 looked for寻找；climbed up爬上；learned about了解；pointed at指向。根据下文“I looked at the direction”可知，此处指朋友指着树给作者看。故选D。 5．句意：清朝康熙年间，有人想砍掉它。 someone某人；anyone任何人；nobody没有人；everyone所有人。根据下文“Luckily, Zhang Xiyi…it.”可知，有人想砍掉这棵树，但是被张曦义救了下来，此句为肯定句，someone符合。故选A。 6．句意：幸运的是，张曦义，一个政府官员，把它从斧头下救了下来。 found发现；caught抓住；saved拯救；saw看。根据上文“…it from the axe (斧头)”可知，此处指把树从斧头下挽救了出来，避免被砍的命运。故选C。 7．句意：它在如此多的挑战中屹立不倒。 through经历，度过；across横穿；past超过；around围绕。根据空后的“so many challenges”可知，此处指经历挑战。故选A。 8．句意：他们很高兴看到许多梦想成真。 love爱；feeling感觉；pleasure高兴；success成功。根据“seeing many of their dreams came true”可知，梦想成真应该是让人感到高兴的。故选C。 9．句意：我惊讶地看着那棵“神奇”的树和它的扇形叶子。 time时间；order顺序；future未来；surprise惊讶。根据“the ‘magic’ tree”以及下文“Amazing!”可知，了解了这棵树的历史，作者应该是感到惊讶。故选D。 10．句意：上周末，我又参观了这棵树。 house房子；tree树；river河；flower花。根据下文“The tree was like a lonely old man.”可知，此处指又参观了这棵树。故选B。 5. 语篇补全 Camels are amazing animals. They aren’t the most beautiful animals in the world. But they are certainly the most useful animals in hot areas such as North Africa and the Middle East. They usually help people carry things. 1 Do you know that Arabian camels are not the same as Asian camels? If you take a close look at them, you will find that Arabian camels are dromedaries. That is to say you can only find one hump (驼峰) on its back. But Asian camels are Bactrians—they have two humps. 2 Isn’t that interesting? An adult camel is about 2 meters tall and the weight of each is about 500 kilograms. 3 And its feet are big and soft. Most of the camels can live for about 40 years, but usually they don’t have to work when they are about 25. Camels mainly eat grass, leaves and bushes. They can walk for more than 600 kilometers even if they are not given water. 4 But when there is water, they can drink as much as 90 liters. Camels walk slowly. They don’t like running because it’s too hot. But if they need, they can run at 20 kilometers an hour. So, next time, when you travel in a desert, if a man says, “Look, here comes a ship. Do you want to take a ride?” 5 A．Its legs are long. B．Can you understand what the “ship” is? C．Now I’d like to tell you something about them. D．They look similar to each other. E．They are the two main kinds in the world. F．They only need to drink water every seven days. G．They don’t need to drink water at all. 【答案】C E A F B 【导语】本文介绍了骆驼耐旱，善载物，是沙漠地区重要的交通工具。 1．根据“Do you know that Arabian camels are not the same as Asian camels?”可知，此处引出对骆驼的介绍，C选项“现在我想告诉你一些关于它们的事情。”符合，故选C。 2．根据“That is to say you can only find one hump (驼峰) on its back. But Asian camels are Bactrians—they have two humps.”可知，这里介绍了两种骆驼，E选项“它们是世界上最主要的两种。”符合，故选E。 3．根据“And its feet are big and soft.”可知，此处介绍“骆驼”的样子，A选项“它的腿很长。”符合，故选A。 4．根据“But when there is water, they can drink as much as 90 liters.”可知，此处与“喝水”有关，F选项“他们只需要每七天喝一次水。”符合，故选F。 5．根据“here comes a ship”可知，此处与“ship”有关，B选项“你能理解‘船’是什么吗？”符合，故选B。 6. 阅读理解 A For the first time ever, scientists have recorded the heart rate (心率) of the world’s largest creature: the blue whale. To get this reading, they attached an electrocardiogram (心电图) device to the body of a whale. They found that the whale’s heart rate can slow to just two beats a minute as it searches for food below the surface of the ocean. The highest heart rate they recorded was 37 beats a minute after the whale returned to the surface for air. The blue whale is the largest animal that has ever lived. It can grow to 30 meters long and weigh as much as 181,000 kilograms. The whale’s heart alone weighs more than a fully grown cow. Stanford University ocean biologist Jeremy Goldbogen led the blue whale heart rate study. He said such research helps scientists understand how huge animals are. Generally, larger animals have slower heart rates. A normal human heart of a person at rest beats 60 to 100 times each minute. It increases to about 200 beats a minute during exercise. The smallest animals, shrews (地鼠), have heart rates of more than a thousand beats per minute. Blue whales have fascinated biologists and people in general for years. They are not only the largest and biggest-brained animals. They are also the loudest. They can communicate with other whales hundreds of miles away. 1．What is the blue whale’s heart rate when it searches for food under the water? A．2 beats a minute. B．37 beats a minute. C．60 beats a minute. 2．What can we learn about blue whales from paragraph 3? A．They can’t grow to 30 meters long. B．They weigh as much as 18,100 kilograms. C．The whale’s heart alone weighs more than a fully grown cow. 3．Which animal has the fastest heart rate according to the passage? A．A blue whale. B．A cow. C．A shrew. 4．Which part of a magazine may the passage be taken from? A．Art. B．Nature. C．Business. 【答案】A C C B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了科学家首次记录到蓝鲸的心率情况，还阐述了蓝鲸作为地球上最大动物的一些特征。 1．细节理解题。根据“They found that the whale’s heart rate can slow to just two beats a minute as it searches for food below the surface of the ocean.”可知，蓝鲸在水下觅食时心率是每分钟2次，故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据“The whale’s heart alone weighs more than a fully grown cow.”可知，蓝鲸的心脏比一头成年奶牛还重，故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据“Generally, larger animals have slower heart rates.”以及“The smallest animals, shrews (地鼠), have heart rates of more than a thousand beats per minute.”可知，一般来说，体型较大的动物心率较慢。文中提及最小动物地鼠心率最快，心率超过每分钟1000次，故选C。 4．推理判断题。文章围绕蓝鲸这一自然界的大型生物展开，介绍其心率、体型等，属于自然范畴，所以可能出自杂志的“自然”部分，故选B。 B Folding When Touched     Have you ever seen a plant that seems shy? That’s Mimosa pudica. When touched, its leaves fold up fast, as if it’s feeling shy. Why does this happen? Each leaf has a special part called the “leaf pillow (叶枕)”. When you touch the leaves, the water inside this part quickly moves to other parts of the plant. With less water, it gets soft, causing the leaves to fold up. This also protects it from small animals that try to eat it. Storing Water inside Trunks  Have you ever heard of baobab trees? These trees have super-fat trunks (树干) that look like big bottles. They live in hot, dry places. So they store lots of water inside their trunks to stay alive. They are also among the longest-living plants. It’s said that they can live for thousands of years. These trees are also very useful. People can eat their sweet fruit. Also, the leaves can be used to make food or medicine. _________________     The epiphyllum, also known as the “beauty under the moon”, is truly a wonder. It only blooms (开花) at night with large beautiful white petals (花瓣). When it blooms, it gives off a sweet smell that fills the air. What makes it even more amazing is its short blooming time—it only lasts for about 3 to 4 hours. That’s why people use the saying “a flash in the pan” to describe something that’s beautiful but doesn’t last long. 1．In which SECTION of the newspaper can we read the news? A．LIFESTYLE. B．WILDLIFE. C．WORLD． D．NATURE. 2．Why do the leaves of Mimosa pudica fold up when touched? A．Light makes its leaves fold. B．The plant is afraid of people. C．Water moves inside the plant. D．Small animals touch its leaves. 3．Baobab trees look different from other trees because ________. A．they can live for a very long time. B．their fruit gives off a nice smell. C．their trunks are like oversized bottles. D．they can store water for animals. 4．The best heading for the third piece of news would be ________. A．Growing in the Dark B．Blooming in a Flash C．Smelling Very Sweet D．Enjoying a Moment 5．What does the above news focus on? A．Amazing plants. B．New findings. C．Special flowers. D．Wild beauty. 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．C 4．B 5．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，分别介绍了含羞草被触碰时叶子会折叠、猴面包树树干能储存大量水分以及昙花夜间短时间开花这三种植物的特性。 1．推理判断题。主要介绍了含羞草、猴面包树和昙花这三种植物的特性，均属于自然界的植物相关内容。Nature意为“自然”，包含对自然界动植物等的介绍，因此可在报纸的自然版块读到这篇文章。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据“When you touch the leaves, the water inside this part quickly moves to other parts of the plant. With less water, it gets soft, causing the leaves to fold up.”可知，含羞草的叶子被触碰时会折叠是因为植物内部的水分发生了移动。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据“These trees have super-fat trunks (树干) that look like big bottles.”可知，猴面包树看起来与其他树不同是因为它们的树干像超大号的瓶子。故选C。 4．最佳标题题。根据“What makes it even more amazing is its short blooming time—it only lasts for about 3 to 4 hours. That’s why people use the saying “a flash in the pan” to describe something that’s beautiful but doesn’t last long.”可知，第三部分主要介绍了昙花开花时间很短这一特点，“Blooming in a Flash”能准确概括该内容。故选B。 5．主旨大意题。文章分别介绍了含羞草、猴面包树和昙花这三种各具特色的植物，重点在于这些令人惊奇的植物。故选A。 7. 任务型阅读理解 The sun bear is the smallest bear, with a body length of 48 to 60 inches (英寸). Sun bears like rainforests (热带雨林) better. They are believed to sleep in trees. The sun bear is not a big meat-eater. The sun bear often uses its long tongue (舌头) for eating termites (白蚁). Why is it called the “sun bear”? Well, there’s a pale circle on its chest (胸膛), just like a small sun. They have short, black fur with a golden or white horseshoe (马蹄铁) shape on their chest. It is also known as “honey bear” because of its love for sweet food. A mother sun bear usually has 1 or 2 babies at a time. Baby sun bears are tiny and weak when they’re born. They can’t see and have no hair. The mother feeds them milk and keeps them safe. The babies open their eyes when they’re around one month old. They live with their mother for about two years. With only 600 to 1,000 left in the wild in the rainforests of South Asia, it is in danger. People are cutting down trees and using the land for farming. So the rainforests where the sun bear lives are becoming smaller and smaller. Sun bears are killed because their meat is delicious and parts of their body can be made into traditional medicine. People also like to keep young sun bears as pets and kill the mother bears. So the sun bear needs our help. 1．People believe the sun bears in trees. (仅填1词) 2．The sun bear is also called “honey bear” because of . (不超过6词) 3．When do baby sun bears open their eyes? (不超过7词) 4．Please list one reason why the sun bear is in danger. (不超过11词) 5．If you were a volunteer to protect sun bears, what would you do to help them? (不超过20词) 【答案】 sleep 2．its love for sweet food 3．When they're around one month old. / Around one month old. 4．People are cutting down trees and using the land for farming / People kill them for meat and medicine. / People keep young sun bears as pets. 5．I would plant more trees and stop people from killing them.（答案不唯一，合理即可 ） 【导语】本文主要介绍了太阳熊的相关信息，包括其体型、栖息地、食性、名字由来、幼崽情况，以及目前面临的危险状况和保护需求。 1．根据“They are believed to sleep in trees.”可知，人们认为太阳熊在树上睡觉，故填sleep。 2．根据“It is also known as ‘honey bear’ because of its love for the sweet food.”可知，太阳熊因其对甜食的喜爱而被称为“蜜熊”，故填its love for sweet food。 3．根据“The babies open their eyes when they’re around one month old.”可知，太阳熊幼崽大约一个月大时睁开眼睛，故填When they're around one month old. / Around one month old. 4．这是一个开放性问题，答案不唯一。根据“People are cutting down trees and using the land for farming. So the rainforests where the sun bear lives are becoming smaller and smaller. Sun bears are killed because their meat is delicious and parts of their body can be made into traditional medicine. People also like to keep young sun bears as pets and kill the mother bears.”可知，太阳熊面临危险的原因有人们砍伐树木并将土地用于农业、人们为了获取熊肉和熊身体部位制作传统药物而捕杀它们、人们把幼年太阳熊当作宠物饲养等，故填People are cutting down trees and using the land for farming / People kill them for meat and medicine. / People keep young sun bears as pets. 5．这是一个开放性问题，答案不唯一。可以根据文章内容和常识来回答，例如可以提出“我会种更多的树，阻止人们捕杀它们”，故填I would plant more trees and stop people from killing them. 第 1 页 共 7 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$