Unit 2 Sports culture Grammar and usage 1 导学案-2025-2026学年高中英语译林版选择性必修第二册

灌南县第二中学“5+1”课堂导学案 班级：__________ 姓名：______________ 课题：选择性必修二 Unit2 Grammar（1） 学习目标： 1. Identify the use of the passive voice in the past continuous and past perfect tenses; 2. Work out the rules of the passive voice in the past continuous and past perfect tenses; 3. Use the right tenses to finish related tasks. 一、预习案（课前） 分析下列句子的语法规则 1.By the end of last year all the money inherited from his father had been used up. 2.The boy was reminded that his homework had not been handed in. 3.As the assignment had been done, he went on to search the Internet. 4.It was the first time that he had ever been awarded. 5.Hardly had the wall been painted when it started to rain. 6.If the AI robot had been invented earlier, the production efficiency would have been improved. 7.This issue was being discussed at this moment yesterday at the meeting. 8.It is said that his car was being repaired last Friday in the garage. 9.Many new inventions were on exhibition in the museum at this time last year. ＝Many new inventions were being exhibited in the museum at this time last year. 二、探究案（课堂） 1.概念： 表示过去某个时刻正在进行或者发生的被动性的动作。过去进行时的被动语态构成：was/were＋being＋done。 They were planting trees at this time yesterday.(主动语态) Trees were being planted by them at this time yesterday.(过去进行时被动语态) 2.构成： (1)过去进行时的被动语态的肯定式为：was/were＋being＋done。 Another bridge was being constructed over the Yellow River then. 那时黄河上正在建设另一座大桥。 (2)过去进行时的被动语态的否定式为：was/were＋not＋being＋done。 The advertisement wasn’t being broadcast at this time yesterday. 昨天这个时候没有播放这条广告。 (3)过去进行时的被动语态的一般疑问句为： Was/Were＋主语＋being＋done...？(回答用yes或no) Were the witnesses being questioned by the police when you got there last night? 昨天晚上你到那儿的时候，目击者正在接受警方的询问吗？ (4)过去进行时态的被动语态的特殊疑问句为：疑问词＋was/were＋主语＋being＋done...? What was being done to the machine then? 那时正对这台机器采取什么措施？ 3.常见用法： 过去进行时的被动语态表示过去某一特定时间某事正在被做。常用的时间状语有then，this time last year，at that time等。 He was being interviewed by our director yesterday afternoon. 昨天下午他正在接受我们经理的面试。 二、过去完成时的被动语态 1.概念：表示动作在过去某一时刻或某一动作之前已完成，且主语与谓语动词之间存在被动关系。 2.构成： (1)肯定句：主语＋had been＋动词的过去分词＋其他。 He had been trapped in the burning house for nearly two hours before the firefighters came to his rescue.在消防员来营救他之前，他已经被困在着火的房子里将近两个小时 (2)否定句：主语＋hadn’t been＋动词的过去分词＋其他。 The injured were disappointed that the ambulance hadn’t been sent to the scene of the accident yet.救护车还没有被派往事故现场，伤员们很失望。 (3)一般疑问句：Had＋主语＋been＋动词的过去分词＋其他？ Had all the tickets been sold out by the time they got there？ 在他们到达那里之前，所有的票已经被卖完了吗？ (4)特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词或词组＋had＋(主语＋) been＋动词的过去分词＋其他？ What preventative measures had been taken before the earthquake took place？在这次地震发生之前，采取了什么样的防御性措施？ 3.常见用法： 过去完成时的被动语态表示过去某一时间之前已经被完成的动作。 (1)用在told，said，knew，thought 等动词后的宾语从句中，表示宾语从句中的动作已被做完。 The salesman came back and told us that the books had already been sold out.销售员折返回来告诉我们书已经被卖完了。 (2)表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经完成的被动动作，常与by the time，before等引导的时间状语从句连用。 By the time we got there，he had been persuaded to give up his impractical plan. 我们到那里时，他已经被说服放弃了他不切实际的计划。 The false news report had been broadcast before the journalist discovered the truth. 在记者发现真相之前，这条假新闻已经被播报了。 (3)表示从过去某一时间开始，延续到过去另一时间的被动动作，常与for，since引导的时间状语连用。 It was reported that the sale had been advertised for several weeks. 据报道，这场展销会已经做了好几个星期的广告了。 (4)根据语意可以判断出动作先后的被动语态，用过去完成时。 He had to leave his house for the reason that it had been flooded. 他只好离开他的房子，因为他的房子已经被淹了。 3.过去完成时的被动语态在固定句型中的运用 过去完成时的被动语态所适用的句型与过去完成时所适用的句型基本一致。 (1)在 It was the first/second/...time that...句型中，从句的主语是动作的承受者时，要用过去完成时的被动语态。 It was the second time that the channel had been accusedr of reporting false news.这是第二次这个频道被指控播放假新闻。 (2)用在Hardly/Scarcely/Rarely...when...和No sooner...than...句型中，表示“一……就……”。 Hardly had the work been finished when the rain poured down. ＝No sooner had the work been finished than the rain poured down. 刚做完工作，雨就倾盆而下。 (3)在“It was＋一段时间＋since...”句型中，从句的主语是动作的承受者时，要用过去完成时的被动语态。 It was almost ten years since a documentary had been made to retell the history of the Forbidden City in detail.自从一部纪录片被制作来详细讲述紫禁城的历史以来，已经快十年了。 过去进行时的被动语态与过去完成时的被动语态的区别 过去进行时的被动语态一般不与表示一段时间的状语或表示次数的状语连用，如要表达这种情况，需要用过去完成时的被动语态。 People were concerned about the case that was being investigated twice by the police.(　×　) People were concerned about the case that had been investigated twice by the police.(　√　) The man risked his life rescuing the child who was being trapped in the mountain for two days.(　×　) The man risked his life rescuing the child who had been trapped in the mountain for two days.(　√　) 三、课内练习 用所给动词的适当形式填空 ①Five new buildings _____________ (build) by the end of last year. ②How many buildings _________________ (destroy) when the hurricane ended? ③The manager _____________________ (interview) by a reporter so I didn’t come in. ④It was the first time that the paintings __________________(display) in the US. ⑤The media reported more than 1,000 people ______________ (kill) in the earthquake. ⑥The boy _________________(scold) by his father when his mother came back. ⑦It was reported that more than ten criminals ________________ (arrest) by the police already. ⑧I couldn’t use the computer just now because it _______________ (use) by my brother at that time. 四、归纳总结、网络构建 单句写作 用过去进行时的被动语态改写句子。 1. The suburban football club was under reconstruction. ___________________________________________________________ 1. The doctors were examining the eyes of those students. ___________________________________________________________ 1. They were tearing down the old workshop to build a new one. ___________________________________________________________ 1. I'm sorry I didn't answer your phone call, because my teacher was delivering a lecture. ___________________________________________________________ 五、课后作业 Finish the exercise in the Newspaper. 第 1 页 共 4 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$