Unit1 Section A 词汇讲解课件 2025-2026学年人教版（2024）八年级英语上册

Unit 1 Happy Holiday Section A 单词讲解 ancient /ˈeɪnʃənt/ adj. 古代的；古老的 词性转换 常见搭配 中考例句 ☞ old adj.（旧的） ☞ historical adj.（与历史有关的） ☞ ancient adj.（古老的） ☞ ancient civilization（古代文明） ☞ ancient Chinese culture（中国古代文化） ☞ ancient city walls（古城墙） ☞ ancient Chinese medicine（中医） ☞ （2023河北卷）The Great Pyramid is one of the greatest ______ (ancient) wonders in the world. ☞（2022广州卷）People in ______ Egypt built pyramids to protect their kings. A. modern B. ancient C. natural ancient B camp /kæmp/ n. 度假营；营地 v. 露营；宿营 词性转换 常见搭配 中考例句 ☞ camping n. 露营活动； ☞ camper n. 露营者； ☞ campfire n.篝火； ☞ summer camp（夏令营） ☞ go camping（去露营） ☞ join a summer camp（参加夏令营） ☞ （2023云南卷）During the summer holiday, many students choose to ______ (camp) in the mountains. ☞（2024重庆卷）As a ______ leader, Mr. Chen taught us survival skills." A. school B. camp C. family camp B landscape /ˈlændskeɪp/ n. 风景；景色 常见搭配 中考例句 ☞ landscape painting （山水画） ☞ natural landscape（自然景观） ☞ cultural landscape（文化景观） ☞ urban landscape（城市景观） ☞ protect the landscape（保护景观） ☞ （2024浙江卷）The ____________ (landscape) of Zhangjiajie attracts millions of tourists. ☞（2023广东卷）Modern buildings have completely changed the city's ______. A. history B. landscape C. population landscape B strange /streɪndʒ/ adj. 奇怪的；陌生的 词性转换 常见搭配 中考例句 ☞ stranger n. 陌生人 ☞ strange noise/sound（奇怪的声音） ☞ sound/look strange（听起来/看起来奇怪） ☞ strange behavior（怪异行为） ☞ It’s strange that... （奇怪的是...） ☞ （2024河北卷）The cat made a ______ (strange) cry at midnight. ☞（2023江苏卷）Tom felt ______ when he saw his room was empty. A. happy B. strange C. excited strange B vacation /vəˈkeɪʃn/ n. 假期；度假 词性转换 常见搭配 中考例句 ☞ vacation （英式） ☞ holiday（美式） ☞ vocation（n. 职业） ☞ summer/winter vacation（暑/寒假） ☞ take a vacation（休假） ☞ go on vacation（去度假） ☞ during the vacation（假期期间） ☞ （2024河南卷）Did you enjoy your summer ______ (vacation) in Qingdao?" ☞（2023上海卷）My family decided to ______ to Sanya for vacation. A. go B. move C. stay vacation B fantastic /fænˈtæstɪk/ adj. 极好的；了不起的 词性转换 常见搭配 中考例句 ☞ fantasy n. v. 幻想，想象 ☞ fantastic idea/job（绝妙的主意/工作） ☞ sound/look fantastic（听起来/看起来太棒了） ☞ fantastic experience（超棒的体验） ☞ fantastic view（极美的景色） ☞ （2024沈阳卷）Your performance was ______ (fantastic)! Everyone cheered loudly. ☞（2023杭州卷）— I won the English speech contest! — ______! A. Good luck B. Fantastic news C. What fantastic B town /taʊn/ n. 镇；商业区 词性转换 常见搭配 中考例句 ☞ city > town > countryside （town介于城乡之间）；☞复合词：hometown（家乡），downtown（市中心）；townspeople（城镇居民） ☞ go to town（进城） ☞ in town（在镇上） ☞ town center（镇中心） ☞ small town（小镇） ☞ （2024河北卷）His dream is to return to his home______ (town) after college. ☞（2023江苏卷）The library ______ town opens from 9 a.m. to 8 p.m. A. at B. in C. on town B breath /breθ/ n. 呼吸的空气；一口气 词性转换 常见搭配 中考例句 ☞ breathe v. 呼吸；低声说； ☞ breathless adj. 喘不过起来 ☞ hold one's breath (屏住呼吸) ☞ out of breath (上气不接下气) ☞ take one's breath away (令人惊叹) ☞ take a deep breath (深呼吸) ☞ （2024河南卷）The doctor asked him to take a deep ______ (breath) to relax. ☞（2023浙江卷）The runner was completely ______ breath after the marathon. A. without B. out of C. losing breath B especially /ɪˈspeʃəli/ adv. 尤其；特别 词性转换 常见搭配 中考例句 ☞ especially：强调程度“格外/尤其” ☞ specially：强调目的“专门/特意” ☞ especially + 形容词 ☞ especially when...（尤其是当...时） ☞ ... , especially ...（...，尤其是...） ☞ especially for...（尤其对...而言） ☞ I especially like...（我格外喜欢...） ☞ （2024河北卷）The weather is ___________ (especial) hot this summer. ☞（2023江苏卷）______ in winter, the lake freezes completely. A. Specially B. Especially C. Probably especially B steamed chicken soup /sti:md/ 汽锅鸡 scenery /ˈsiːnəri/ n. 风景；景色 scarf /skɑːf/ n. 围巾；披巾 anywhere /ˈeniweə(r)/ adv. & pron. 在任何地方；随便哪个地方 词性转换 常见搭配 中考例句 ☞ anywhere：否定句/疑问句中“任何地方”，条件句中“无论何处” ☞ somewhere：肯定句中“某个地方” ☞ Is there anywhere...?（有...的地方吗？） ☞ if anywhere（如果真有的话） ☞ anywhere else（其他任何地方） ☞ （2024河南卷）We didn't go __________ (somewhere) special during the holiday. ☞（2023浙江卷）You may plant these flowers ______ in your garden. A. everywhere B. anywhere C. somewhere anywhere B nothing /ˈnʌθɪŋ/ pron. 没有任何东西；没有事 词性转换 常见搭配 中考例句 ☞ nothing：指“没有任何事物”（强调事物空缺） ☞ none：指“三者以上全无”（可指人或物） ☞ There is nothing...（没有...） ☞ have nothing to do（无事可做） ☞ nothing better than...（没有比...更好的） ☞ nothing but...（仅仅） ☞ for nothing（免费；徒劳） ☞ （2024河南卷）The doctor said it was ______ (nothing) serious, just a cold. ☞（2023广州卷）His rude words meant ______ to her. A. everything B. something C. nothing nothing C silk /sɪlk/ n. 丝绸；（蚕）丝 词性转换 常见搭配 中考例句 ☞ silkworm (n.) /ˈsɪlkwɜːrm/ 蚕： 生产丝的 ☞ silky (adj.) /ˈsɪlki/ 丝一般的，柔软光滑的 ☞ made of silk： 由丝绸制成的 (核心搭配) ☞ silk fabric / cloth： 丝绸布料 ☞ the Silk Road / the ancient Silk Road： 丝绸之路 ☞ soft and silky： 柔软丝滑 (常用描述组合) ☞ smooth as silk： 光滑如丝 (比喻) ☞ (2022·江苏南京)—What’s your scarf made of? —It’s made of ______. It feels soft and comfortable. A. cotton B. silk C. plastic D. wood ☞(2023·四川成都) Her hair is as ______ (silk) as the new dress she bought. B silky nothing but 只有；只是 nothing but 的语法功能 nothing与 none的区别 ☞ 结构：nothing but + 名词 / 代词 / 动词原形 ☞ 主谓一致：短语整体作主语时，谓语与 but 后的名词保持一致。 Nothing but books ___ on the desk. ☞ 词性 •nothing = 不定代词，表“没有任何东西”，相当于“not anything”，不可与 of 连用； •none = 不定代词，既可指人也可指物，可与 of 连用，指“（三者及以上）一个也没有”。 ☞ 范围 •nothing 无范围限定； •none 常带范围（none of + 名词/代词）。 ☞ 回答 •What’s in the box? — Nothing. •How many books did you buy? — None. / None of them. are hotel /həʊˈtel/ n. 旅馆；旅社 somewhere /ˈsʌmweə(r)/ adv. 在某处；到某处 pron. 某处；某个地方 sky /skaɪ/ n. 天空 comfortable /ˈkʌmftəbl/ adj. 使人舒服的；舒适的 词性转换 常见搭配 中考例句 ☞ comfortably adv. 舒适地 ☞ comfort n./v. 安慰；舒适 ☞ discomfort n. 不适 ☞ feel comfortable（感觉舒适） ☞ make sb. comfortable（让某人舒适） ☞ live a comfortable life（生活安逸） ☞ (2022·重庆)She didn't feel _________ when speaking in front of the class.（用comfort适当形式填空） ☞ (2023·河北)The sofa is so ______ that I almost fell asleep on it. A. expensive B. comfortable C. terrible D. hard comfortable B ready /ˈredi/ adj. 准备好的；现成的 adv. 已做完；已完成 词性转换 常见搭配 中考例句 ☞ readily adv. 乐意地；容易地（阅读拓展词） ☞ unready adj. 未准备好的（反义词，极少考） ☞ be/get ready for...（为...做准备）★ 中考高频 ☞ be ready to do sth.（准备好做某事/乐意做某事）★ 中考高频 ☞ ready-made adj. 现成的（阅读词汇） ☞ Ready, steady, go!（各就位，预备，跑！） ☞(2022·河南)The students are ______ the final exam now. A. ready for B. worried about C. interested in ☞(2023·广州)—Hurry up! The bus is coming. —Don’t worry. I ______ everything ready. A. get B. got C. have got D. will get A C bored /bɔ:d/ adj. 厌倦的；烦闷的 词性转换 常见搭配 中考例句 ☞  boring adj. 无聊的（描述事物性质）★ 核心辨析考点 ☞ bore v. 使厌烦（少考） ☞ boredom n. 无聊（阅读拓展词） ☞ be/feel bored（感到无聊）★ 中考高频 ☞ be bored with...（对...感到厌烦）★ 中考高频 ☞ get bored（变得无聊） ☞ (2022·上海)Many teenagers get ______ with staying at home all day.（用bore的适当形式填空） ☞(2023·北京)The lecture was so ______ that half of the students felt ______. A. boring; bored B. bored; boring C. boring; boring D. bored; bored bored A stand up 站起；起立 常见搭配 ☞ look up: (在字典、参考书中) 查阅；抬头看 If you don't know the meaning of the word, you can look it upin the dictionary. ☞ turn up: 调高 (音量等)；出现 (反义：turn down) Could you turn down the TV a bit? I'm trying to study. ☞ put up: 举起；张贴；搭建；留宿 Please put up your hand if you know the answer. ☞ take up: 开始从事 (爱好、运动)；占据 (时间、空间) She decided to take up painting as a hobby. The big table takes up too much space in the small room. ☞ get up: 起床 ☞ give up (doing sth): 放弃 (做某事) Never give up trying and you will succeed in the end. ☞ set up: 建立，设立 ☞ wake up: 醒来；叫醒 ☞ grow up: 长大，成长 towards /təˈwɔ:dz/ /tɔ:rdz/ prep. 向；朝 核心词义 常见搭配 中考例句 ① 朝...方向（物理移动）；② 对于（态度、关系）；③ 接近（时间、年龄） ☞ face towards the south（面朝南方） ☞ be friendly towards/ to sb.（对某人友好） ☞ attitude towards...（对...的态度）★ 阅读高频 ☞ towards evening（临近傍晚） ☞ towards the end of...（接近...结束时） ☞ (2023·北京)She walked ______ the lake to watch the sunset. A. against B. towards C. through D. past ☞(2022·上海)His kindness ______ animals surprised everyone. A. towards B. about C. for D. with B A rainbow /ˈreinbəʊ/ n. 虹；彩虹 词性转换 常见搭配 中考例句 ☞ rainbow-colored adj. 彩虹色的 ☞ rainbow flag 彩虹旗 ☞ a rainbow in the sky（天空中的彩虹） ☞ after the rain（雨后出现彩虹）★高频 ☞ see/spot a rainbow（看见彩虹） ☞ at the end of the rainbow（彩虹尽头，喻指难以企及的梦想） ☞ (2021·江苏苏州)We should never give up, even if our dream seems like a treasure ______________________.（用介词短语填空） ☞(2023·广州)After the rain stopped, children ran out and saw a beautiful ______ in the sky. A. cloud B. rainbow C. star D. moon at the end of the rainbow B Exercise 单项选择（10题） 1. We visited the ______ city walls in Xi’an. They are over 600 years old. A. modern B. ancient C. natural 2. During summer ______, many students join outdoor activities. A. camp B. vacation C. vocation 3. The ______ of Guilin with its mountains and rivers is famous worldwide. A. landscape B. scenery C. sky 4. —Why is the dog making a ______ noise? —Maybe it sees something unusual. A. fantastic B. strange C. bored 5. After climbing the mountain, I was ______ and needed to rest. A. ready B. out of breath C. comfortable Exercise 单项选择（10题） 6. Kunming is a beautiful ______ in Yunnan. It’s neither too big nor too small. A. city B. town C. countryside 7. I ______ like the local food here, ______ the steamed chicken soup. A. especially B. specially C. probably 8. You can buy ______ scarves in this market. They feel soft and smooth. A. cotton B. silk C. plastic 9. The sofa is so ______ that I fell asleep on it quickly. A. fantastic B. comfortable C. bored 10. When I feel ______, I go camping to relax. A. fantastic B. bored C. ready Exercise 词汇填空（20题） 1. The Great Wall is an __________ (古老的) wonder in China. 2. We plan to go ________ (camp) in the forest next weekend. 3. Zhangjiajie’s __________ (风景) looks like a painting. 4. The ________ (strange) asked me for directions to the hotel. 5. During winter __________ (假期), we’ll visit Harbin. 6. Your idea sounds___________ (fantasy)! Let’s try it! 7. My __________ (town) is a small village with friendly people. 8. Take a deep __________ (呼吸) before you sing. 9. I love fruits, _____________ (尤其) watermelons in summer. 10. Is there ___________ (某处) quiet to read here? 根据句意和提示填写单词的正确形式（每空一词）： ancient camping landscape stranger vacation fantastic hometown breath especially anything Exercise 词汇填空（20题） 11. There’s ___________ (无) more relaxing than a hot spring bath. 12. The ________ (丝绸) scarf feels smooth and light. 13. The hotel room was clean and ______________ (舒适的). 14. Are you _________ (准备好) for the hiking trip tomorrow? 15. The children felt __________ (bore) during the long lecture. 16. She walked ___________ (朝) the lake to watch the sunset. 17. After the rain, a colorful __________ (彩虹) appeared. 18. We saw ____________ (只有) blue sky and white clouds. 19. The ________________________ (汽锅鸡) is a famous dish in Yunnan. 20. Let’s _____________ (站起来) and welcome our guests! 根据句意和提示填写单词的正确形式（每空一词）： nothing silk comfortable ready bored towards rainbow nothing but steamed chicken soup stand up Exercise 选词填空（10空） Last summer, I took a vacation in Yunnan. We stayed in a small _______ near Lijiang. The _________ buildings there told stories of the past. One morning, we climbed a hill _________ the east. When we reached the top, the landscape took my ________ away — it was so green and peaceful! In the afternoon, we visited a local market. I bought a _______ scarf as a gift. It felt soft and _____________. I ____________ liked the food there. The steamed chicken soup was ______________! At night, we stayed at a _______ by the lake. We weren’t ________ at all because we sang around a campfire. It was the best trip ever! 用以下词汇补全短文（每词限用一次）： ancient, camp, fantastic, breath, town, silk, especially, comfortable, bored, towards town ancient towards breath silk comfortable especially fantastic camp bored $$