14.Unit 3 Feelings and Emotions（主题阅读）-2025-2026学年上学期八年级英语知识点梳理与巩固（北师大版2024）

2025-2026学年上学期八年级英语知识点梳理与巩固(北师大版2024) Unit 3 Feelings and Emotions主题阅读 必备知识清单 单元主题阅读 本单元的“Feelings and emotions”这一阅读主题占据着关键地位。它引导学生深入探索人类丰富多样的内心世界，从日常生活中的喜怒哀乐，到面对挑战时的勇气与坚持，再到人际交往中的情感共鸣与冲突。通过阅读相关语篇，学生不仅能提升语言能力，更能增强对自身及他人情感的认知与理解，培养同理心与良好的社会交往能力。接下来，将从主题内涵、素养体现、策略要求和文化品质这四个维度，结合具体英语例子进行深入剖析。 一、主题内涵 （一）情感的丰富多样性 涵盖了如“happy”（快乐的）、“sad”（悲伤的）、“angry”（生气的）、“excited”（兴奋的）、“nervous”（紧张的）、“surprised”（惊讶的）等基础情感。例如：“I was very happy when I got an A in the English test.”（当我在英语考试中得了A时，我非常开心。）还包括更为复杂细腻的情感，像“proud”（自豪的），“She felt proud of herself for winning the singing competition.”（她为自己赢得歌唱比赛而感到自豪。）以及“lonely”（孤独的），“The old man often feels lonely because his children live far away.”（这位老人常常感到孤独，因为他的孩子们住得很远。） （二）情感产生的缘由与情境 情感的产生与生活中的各种情境紧密相连。在学习方面，“worried”（担忧的）情感常因考试或作业难题引发，“Tom is worried about his math exam because he didn't prepare well.”（汤姆担心他的数学考试，因为他没有好好准备。）在人际关系中，“grateful”（感激的）之情会因他人的帮助而油然而生，“I am really grateful to my friend for helping me with my project.”（我非常感激我的朋友在我的项目上给予帮助。）在面对突发事件时，可能会产生“scared”（害怕的）情绪，“The little girl was scared when she saw the big dog running towards her.”（当看到大狗朝她跑来时，这个小女孩很害怕。） （三）情感的表达与传递 人们通过语言和非语言方式表达情感。语言上，会直接表述，如“I'm so disappointed with the result.”（我对这个结果非常失望。）也会运用比喻等修辞手法，“My heart is like a sinking ship, full of despair.”（我的心就像一艘正在下沉的船，充满了绝望。）非语言方面，面部表情、肢体动作等是重要的情感载体。比如，一个微笑（a big smile）能传达快乐，紧握的拳头（clenched fists）可能表示愤怒，颤抖的双手（shaking hands）或许暗示紧张。 2、 素养体现 1. 词汇积累与运用：通过阅读，学生接触并掌握大量与情感相关的词汇，丰富词汇库。如学习“frustrated”（挫败的）后，能准确描述自己在解决难题屡遭失败时的感受，“I felt frustrated when I couldn't solve the difficult physics problem.”（当我无法解决这道物理难题时，我感到很挫败。） 2. 语法理解与表达：运用恰当的语法结构描述情感的发生、持续及变化。例如，现在进行时可表达当下正在经历的情感，“I am feeling really excited about the coming trip.”（对于即将到来的旅行，我现在感到非常兴奋。）过去完成时能体现过去某个时间之前就已存在的情感状态，“She had been sad for a long time before she found a new hobby.”（在找到新爱好之前，她已经悲伤了很长一段时间。） 3. 语篇理解与概括：能够理解不同体裁语篇中关于情感的描述，把握主旨大意与关键细节。如在记叙文里，理清人物情感变化的线索，“In the story, the boy's feelings changed from fear to courage as he faced the challenges in the forest.”（在这个故事中，随着男孩在森林中面对挑战，他的情感从恐惧转变为勇气。）在议论文中，理解作者关于情感管理等观点的论证逻辑。 4. 分析与推理能力：依据文本中人物的言行、心理描写等线索，分析其情感产生的原因及可能的发展趋势。例如，从“He kept looking at his watch and walking back and forth.”（他不停地看手表，来回踱步。）可推断出他很焦虑（anxious）。 5. 批判性思维能力：对文本中呈现的情感观点进行思考与判断，不盲目接受。如阅读一篇关于“是否应该总是隐藏负面情绪”的文章时，能从不同角度分析观点的合理性，提出自己的见解，“The article says we should always hide our negative feelings, but I think it's not good for our mental health. Sometimes, expressing them can help us feel better.”（文章说我们应该总是隐藏负面情绪，但我认为这对我们的心理健康不好。有时候，表达出来能让我们感觉更好。） 6. 创新思维能力：在理解文本情感的基础上，进行创意表达。如改写故事结局，使人物情感发展走向不同方向，“What if the hero in the story didn't get angry at the end but forgave the villain? How would the story and the characters' feelings change?”（如果故事中的英雄最后没有生气，而是原谅了反派，故事会怎样发展，人物的情感又会如何变化呢？） 三、策略要求 （一）预测策略 在阅读前，根据标题、图片、首段等信息预测文本可能涉及的情感主题与大致内容。比如，看到标题“An Unforgettable Day at School”（学校里难忘的一天）和配图中一个学生拿着奖状满脸笑容，可预测文章可能围绕学生在学校获得成就的喜悦之情展开，“I think this article might be about how happy the student was when he/she achieved something great at school.”（我认为这篇文章可能是关于这个学生在学校取得重大成就时有多开心。） （二）略读策略 快速浏览全文，获取文章主旨大意，明确文本主要讲述的情感类型及相关情境。例如，略读一篇关于家庭聚会的文章，通过抓住关键句“Our family gathering was full of joy and laughter.”（我们的家庭聚会充满了欢乐和笑声。）可知文章主要情感基调是快乐。 （三）扫读策略 带着特定问题，如寻找文中描述人物生气的句子，在文本中快速定位相关信息，“Scan the text to find the sentences that describe the character's anger.”（扫读文本，找出描述人物生气的句子。）像“He shouted angrily, 'How could you do this to me!'”（他生气地大喊：“你怎么能这样对我！”）这样的句子就能快速被找到。 （四）精读策略 仔细研读文本，品味词汇、句子的含义与情感色彩，理解情感的细微差别。如分析“He felt a bit disappointed rather than extremely sad.”（他感到有点失望，而不是极度悲伤。）中“a bit”（有点）和“extremely”（极度）对情感程度的精准描述。 四、主题词汇 （一）基础情感词汇 1. 快乐相关：happy（快乐的），cheerful（兴高采烈的），joyful（充满喜悦的），delighted（高兴的），pleased（满意的，高兴的）。例如：“The children were happy when they saw the colorful balloons.”（孩子们看到彩色气球时很开心。）“She has a cheerful smile on her face every day.”（她每天脸上都带着兴高采烈的笑容。） 2. 悲伤相关：sad（悲伤的），sorrowful（悲痛的），gloomy（忧郁的），miserable（痛苦的，悲惨的），heartbroken（心碎的）。如：“He felt sad after hearing the bad news.”（听到这个坏消息后，他感到很悲伤。）“The gloomy weather made her feel even worse.”（阴沉的天气让她感觉更糟糕了。） 3. 愤怒相关：angry（生气的），furious（狂怒的），irritated（恼怒的），seething（怒火中烧的），resentful（怨恨的）。例句：“The teacher was angry with the students for not doing their homework.”（老师因为学生没做作业而生气。）“He became furious when he found his bike was stolen.”（当他发现自己的自行车被偷时，他变得狂怒。） 4. 恐惧相关：afraid（害怕的），scared（恐惧的），frightened（受惊的），terrified（极度恐惧的），anxious（焦虑的）。比如：“The little girl is afraid of the dark.”（这个小女孩怕黑。）“They were terrified by the loud thunder.”（他们被巨大的雷声吓坏了。） 5. 惊讶相关：surprised（惊讶的），astonished（震惊的），amazed（惊奇的），shocked（惊愕的），stunned（目瞪口呆的）。“Everyone was surprised at his sudden appearance.”（每个人都对他的突然出现感到惊讶。）“She was astonished by the beautiful scenery.”（她被美丽的景色震惊了。） （二）复杂情感词汇 1. 积极复杂情感：proud（自豪的），confident（自信的），hopeful（充满希望的），inspired（受鼓舞的），content（满足的）。例如：“The parents felt proud of their son's excellent performance.”（父母为儿子的出色表现感到自豪。）“I am confident that I can pass the exam.”（我有信心能通过考试。） 2. 消极复杂情感：guilty（内疚的），ashamed（羞愧的），jealous（嫉妒的），envious（羡慕的），frustrated（挫败的）。如：“He felt guilty for lying to his mother.”（他因对母亲撒谎而感到内疚。）“She was jealous of her friend's new dress.”（她嫉妒朋友的新裙子。） （三）情感表达动作词汇 1. 面部表情动作：smile（微笑），laugh（大笑），grin（咧嘴笑），frown（皱眉），scowl（怒目而视）。例句：“She smiled sweetly at me.”（她对我甜甜地微笑。）“The old man frowned when he read the difficult words.”（老人读到难懂的单词时皱起了眉头。） 2. 肢体动作：jump（跳跃），clap（鼓掌），shrug（耸肩），stamp（跺脚），tremble（颤抖）。比如：“The children jumped with joy when they heard they would go to the park.”（孩子们听到要去公园时高兴得跳了起来。）“He shrugged his shoulders, showing that he didn't care.”（他耸了耸肩，表示不在乎。） 3. 言语动作：shout（大喊），scream（尖叫），whisper（低语），complain（抱怨），apologize（道歉）。“The angry man shouted at the driver.”（愤怒的男人朝司机大喊。）“She whispered a secret to her friend.”（她对朋友低声说了一个秘密。） （四）情感修饰词汇 1. 程度副词：very（非常），extremely（极其），really（真地），terribly（非常，糟糕地），awfully（非常，很）。例如：“I am very happy to see you.”（见到你我非常开心。）“She was extremely nervous before the performance.”（表演前她极其紧张。） 2. 形容词修饰词：deep（深深的），strong（强烈的），mild（温和的），slight（轻微的），intense（强烈的，剧烈的）。“He has a deep love for music.”（他对音乐有着深深的热爱。）“There was a slight feeling of disappointment in her heart.”（她心中有一丝失望的感觉。） 五、主题句式 （一）表达个人情感状态 1. 简单直白表达：I am + 情感形容词。如：I am happy.（我很开心。）I am sad.（我很悲伤。）I am angry.（我很生气。） 2. 程度加强表达：I am really/extremely/terribly + 情感形容词。I am really excited about the party.（对于这个派对我真的很兴奋。）I am extremely disappointed with the result.（我对这个结果极其失望。） 3. 情感持续表达：I have been + 情感形容词 + for + 时间段。I have been worried for a long time.（我已经担心很长时间了。）I have been proud of myself since I won the competition.（自从我赢得比赛后，我一直为自己感到自豪。） （二）描述情感产生原因 1. because引导原因状语从句：I am happy because I got a new book.（我很开心，因为我得到了一本新书。）He is angry because his brother broke his toy.（他很生气，因为他弟弟弄坏了他的玩具。） 2. due to/owing to + 名词/动名词：She is sad due to the loss of her pet.（她因为失去宠物而悲伤。）They were late owing to getting up late.（他们因为起床晚而迟到。） 3. as a result of + 名词/动名词：He felt frustrated as a result of failing the exam.（由于考试不及格，他感到很挫败。）The team was disappointed as a result of losing the game.（由于输掉比赛，这个团队很失望。） （三）情感对比与变化 1. 比较级表达情感差异：I am happier today than yesterday.（我今天比昨天更开心。）She looks more nervous than before.（她看起来比以前更紧张了。） 2. from...to...表达情感变化：His feelings changed from excitement to disappointment.（他的情感从兴奋变成了失望。）The little girl's mood went from sadness to joy when she saw her mother.（当看到妈妈时，小女孩的情绪从悲伤转为喜悦。） 3. used to do/be...but now...表达过去与现在情感对比：I used to be afraid of dogs, but now I like them.（我过去害怕狗，但现在我喜欢它们。）She used to be shy, but now she is very confident.（她过去很害羞，但现在非常自信。） （四）询问他人情感 1. How do you feel?：用于一般询问对方当下感受。How do you feel about the movie?（你觉得这部电影怎么样？）How do you feel today?（你今天感觉如何？） 2. What's wrong/the matter with you?：用于询问对方是否有不好的情绪或状况。What's wrong with you? You look sad.（你怎么了？你看起来很悲伤。）What's the matter with him? He seems angry.（他怎么了？他似乎很生气。） 综合实战演练 1 ① Feeling a little blue? Here are some fast and easy ways to make you smile. ② Exercise. When you exercise, your brain lets out a chemical (化学物质). This chemical makes you feel happier. That is just another reason why exercise is good for you. ③ Have a heart-to-heart talk. If something makes you feel unhappy, it is a good idea to talk about it with someone. Call a friend or a relative. A good talk is a great way to make you feel better fast. ④ Laughter is the best medicine. Laughing is the best way to improve your mood (情绪). Children laugh around 400 times a day. Grown-ups only laugh about 20 times a day. Be a kid for a day: play games, watch funny films, or read jokes online. ⑤ Think positively. Close your eyes and think of a beautiful picture or the time when you were happy. 1．What does “Feeling a little blue” mean? A．Being happy. B．Staying positive. C．Feeling excited. D．Feeling sad. 2．Which activity CANNOT make you happy? A．Doing sports. B．Reading jokes. C．Doing maths exercises. D．Calling a friend. 3．What is the structure of the passage? A．①②③④/⑤ B．①②/③④/⑤ C．①/②③④/⑤ D．①/②③④⑤ 4．What’s the best title of the text? A．The key to happiness B．Ways to be happy C．What happiness means D．How to feel blue 2 Do you often feel angry? Anger may make us feel uncomfortable, but it’s also normal. Unluckily, many of us are used to hiding our feelings. A study shows that this can make a big difference to our health. Is it better to cry or break things whenever something makes us angry? The study points out that when we show our anger in this way, we probably can’t get on well with our friends or our family. So what can we do to deal with (应对) our angry feelings in a right way? First, know what makes you angry. We may feel angry because of feelings of fear, stress, disappointment and so on. Also, pay closer attention (注意) to those everyday things that will make us angry. We may get angry in the long lines at the restaurant. Take a step back and think that it isn’t personal. Everyone in the line has their meal to wait for, just like us. One way of dealing with anger is to talk about it. The study shows that if we talk about our feelings, we can actually calm ourselves down and feel better. Do some controlled breathing or find some physical activities. Exercise helps with feelings of anger. If we know what to do with anger, we will be happier and healthier. 5．The writer begins the passage by ________. A．telling a story B．listing some numbers C．giving some examples D．asking a question 6．Which can help deal with the feeling of anger according to the passage? ① Doing some exercise         ②Eating delicious food ③ Talking about the feelings         ④Doing some controlled breathing A．①②③ B．②③④ C．①③④ D．①②④ 7．The underlined word “disappointment” in Paragraph 3 means “________” in Chinese. A．开心 B．沮丧 C．公平 D．和平 8．What’s the best title for the passage? A．How to Deal with Anger? B．Why Are You Angry? C．What Makes You Angry? D．When to Deal with Anger? 3 Are you a person who has a high EQ? If you want to be a successful man, you should have a high EQ. Some people say that the EQ is more important than the IQ. I think so. So we can know the importance of having a high EQ. If you don’t have a high EQ, try to make yourself become a person with a good temper (脾气). In this way, your EQ may become higher and higher. Here are some ways for you to control your temper when you are angry. First, don’t say anything when you are in a bad mood, or it’s possible for you to hurt others. In fact, maybe you don’t mean to hurt them. Second, take a deep breath when you can’t stop your anger. In this way, you will feel relaxed and you won’t be that furious. Third, when you are angry, ask yourself some questions: “Why am I so angry?” “Do I have to be so irritated (恼怒的，生气的)?” “What will happen if I don’t get angry?” So, try the ways above. Everything could be simple when you try to think about it in other ways. 9．The writer thinks that ________. A．the EQ is more important than the IQ B．the EQ is less important than the IQ C．the EQ is as important as the IQ D．the EQ and IQ are not important 10．What’s the second way to control your temper when you are angry? A．Don’t say anything. B．Take a deep breath. C．Ask yourself some questions. D．Find a person you can talk with. 11．The underlined word “furious” probably means “________” in English. A．very happy B．very angry C．very excited D．very disappointed 12．We can ask ourselves some questions when we are angry. How many questions are mentioned in the passage? A．Two. B．Three. C．Four. D．Five. 13．The passage is about how to become a person ________. A．who has a good temper B．who has a high EQ C．who is popular among friends D．who has a high IQ 4 Colours can change my feelings. Orange and yellow make me feel confident. When I am feeling sad, these colours cheer me up. Blue and white can make me feel calm. Green is the colour of nature. It can give me more joy. Wearing red often makes me feel active. —Jenny I think the moon can affect (影响) my feelings, especially when the full moon is high in the sky on the Mid-Autumn Festival. The moon is so round and bright, but I can’t get together with my family. I feel very lonely, and my eyes fill with tears. —Linda _______I live in a big city. It is always noisy and crowded with people. I have trouble sleeping at night. I hope to live in the countryside some day. It’s clean and quiet. I think I could relax and sleep well. —Mike I think the weather can affect my feelings. When it rains, I always feel sad. When the sun shines brightly, it makes me happy again. —Tom Big events (事件) can change me a lot. When I talk about the Gansu earthquake with friends, sadness and worries always come to me. But when we talk about Asian Games, I always feel excited. —David 14．According to the text, what colours can make Jenny calm? A．Green and red. B．Blue and orange. C．Blue and white. D．Yellow and white. 15．Which sentence can be the best to put in the blank “______”? A．Food is very important to me. B．The environment can change my feelings. C．People would like to live in the countryside. D．The big cities are always noisy and crowded. 16．What can we learn from the text? A．Jenny likes big events a lot. B．Mike likes living in a big city. C．Tom may feel happy when it is sunny. D．Linda feels happy on the Mid-Autumn Festival. 17．Which of the following cannot affect the writers’ feelings according to the text? A．Colours. B．Temperature. C．Weather. D．Events. 5 Shyness is a kind of fear. People who are shy always worry too much about what people think of them or embarrassing themselves in some way in front of others. How can we overcome shyness? Have a good posture The way a person holds themselves says a lot about that person. People with sloped (倾斜的) shoulders don’t think of themselves as important. So stand up straight, shoulders back, keep your head up, and always make eye contact. By practicing a good posture, you will feel you have the ability to do things well. Increase your walking speed You can tell if a person is confident by the way he walks. People who walk in a slow way, and look at the ground while walking usually have no confidence in themselves. While people who have confidence in themselves walk faster. That is because they have important things to do, friends to meet, and places to go. So walk a little faster, head held up, and look straight ahead. Do some exercise Exercise increases your energy in the body. That will put you in a more positive state of mind. By exercising, you will feel sure of yourself. Think about it, it is better to do some exercise than just looking at TV all day. Do things that make you feel good about yourself This can be anything that you really like doing, such as going to the theater, listening to music, traveling, helping someone out with a problem. 18．According to the passage, what is a good posture? A．Standing up straight. B．Keeping your head down. C．Showing your back to others. D．Touching shoulders. 19．How can walking faster help overcome shyness? A．It makes people notice you less. B．It reflects and builds self-confidence. C．It helps you avoid talking to others. D．It is a way to exercise. 20．What does “positive state of mind” mean in the underlined sentence? A．Feeling tired. B．Wanting to watch TV. C．Feeling more optimistic and confident. D．Thinking about problems. 21．Which activity is NOT suggested in the article to feel better about yourself? A．Watching TV all day. B．Listening to music. C．Travelling. D．Helping someone. 22．What is the main purpose of the article? A．To explain why people are shy. B．To teach how to change body language and habits to reduce shyness. C．To compare shy people and confident people. D．To recommend exercise programs. 6 The film Inside Out tells us a new way to understand people’s emotions (情感). The story starts with an 11-year-old girl named Riley. Her mind has five key emotions: Joy, Sadness, Anger, Fear, and Disgust. Each emotion has a special role in shaping Riley’s thoughts and actions. Joy, the brightest and most energetic, tries to keep Riley happy, while Sadness often feels overlooked. However, when Riley’s family moves to a new city, her emotions try to get used to the new environment. One day, Joy and Sadness accidentally (意外地) get lost in Riley’s long-term memory. Without them, Anger, Fear, and Disgust play the main role, causing Riley to act differently. She becomes easy to be angry, keeps away from her parents, and even thinks about running away. At the same time, Joy realizes that Sadness plays an important role——helping Riley face difficult changes. In the end, the two emotions work together to get balance back in Riley’s mind. The movie shows us a powerful message: all emotions, even bad ones, are necessary for healthy mental growth. By accepting sadness, Riley learns to get along with difficulties and rebuilds (重建) stronger relationships. Inside Out teaches us that emotional balance is key to happiness. 23．What is Joy’s main role in Riley’s mind? A．To make Riley afraid of new things. B．To keep Riley happy and energetic. C．To help Riley dislike unpleasant food. D．To be the boss of all the other emotions. 24．What’s the result when Joy and Sadness are lost? A．Riley becomes very joyful. B．Riley acts the same as usual. C．Riley’s memories go away. D．Riley starts to act differently. 25．What does the underline word “ones” refer to? A．Riley’s parents. B．Emotions like Sadness. C．Long-term memories. D．Joy and Sadness. 26．What is the main idea of the last paragraph? A．Accepting Sadness is enough for our mental growth. B．Joy is the most important emotion. C．Sadness should always be overlooked. D．All emotions are important for mental growth. 27．Which of the following is the best title for the text? A．The Science of Emotions in Inside Out B．How to Control Anger and Fear C．Riley’s Journey to a New City D．Why Joy Is Better Than Sadness 7 Do you get angry when your friends sing loudly? Or when your best friend does not wait for you after school? If you do, you need to control (控制) your feelings and stop getting angry so easily. Getting angry easily can make you lose friends. Gary Egeberg, an American high school teacher, wrote My Feelings are Just Like Wild Animals to help you control your feelings. It tells teenagers how to stay cool when bad things happen to them. The book says that getting angry only makes problems worse. It cannot make them better. “Getting angry is not a natural way to act”, the book says. It is just a bad habit, like smoking. The book says you can control your anger easily, and all you have to do is to tell yourself not to be angry. When a baby falls over, it cries only when people are watching it. Like a baby, you can only get angry if you are sure it is the right thing to do. The book gives many suggestions to help you if you get angry easily. Here are the top three. ①Keep a record. Every time you get angry, write down why you are angry. Look at it later and you will see you get angry too easily. ②Ask your friends to stop talking to you when you get angry. This will teach you not to be angry. ③Do something different. When you get angry, walk away from the problem and go somewhere else. Try to laugh! 28．The writer wants to tell us ________. A．not to get angry easily B．to work hard at school C．to do more exercises D．to help each other 29．The writer thinks that if you get angry easily you will ________. A．get ill very easily B．lose your friends C．put on weight easily D．eat less 30．My Feelings are Just Like Wild Animals is a ________. A．story B．book C．picture D．film 31．In the fourth paragraph, the underlined word “it” refers to (指的是)________. A．the book B．anger C．habit D．the baby 8 Have you ever bought a new pair of shoes and started noticing the exact color and style of shoes everywhere? Is that type of shoes just becoming popular in your school? Were they there before? Or are you just going crazy? You’re not going crazy. The reason you are now noticing them is what psychologists call “priming”. Actually, the shoes were always there. You just didn’t recognize them consciously (有意识地). However, when that certain type of shoes becomes part of your life, you start recognizing all of the other shoes that are the same, because you are already “primed” to do so. Priming can happen in different ways. In one study, researchers made students walk around a room for 5 minutes at a slower pace than usual. After this short experience, the students were quicker to recognize words related to old age, such as “forgetful”, “old”, and “lonely” . The priming effects tend to produce a coherent (连贯的) reaction: if you think about old age, you may start to act older, and acting older can strengthen those thoughts. This research shows us that our thoughts can influence our actions, and then our actions can influence our thoughts in a continuous cycle. American psychologist William James reached similar conclusions a century ago, but he emphasized the priming effect on feelings. “Actions seem to follow feelings, but actually actions and feelings go together. And by managing the actions, we can manage the feelings.” To put it simply, if we want to feel cheerful, we can start by sitting up happily and to act and speak as if you were already happy. So, that’s it. If you want to be happy, just sit up and act happy. Based on these scientific findings, we can take certain priming effects to make ourselves feel happier each day. One thing we have in common is our ability to think and feel. Thinking about the good things in our lives can produce the chemicals that make us feel happy. Especially when we take the time to think about what we’re grateful (感激的) for—like friends, family, or even small joys like a sunny day—we fill our minds with these “happy chemicals” . Furthermore, by consciously thinking, feeling and expressing gratitude, we will not only be happier in the moment, but we will be “primed” to recognize the good things in our life. Each time this happens, the “happy chemicals” will be produced. More than that, combining thoughts of gratitude with happy acts like smiling and laughing will add extra positive effect on our state of mind. Therefore, by being aware of the power of our thoughts and actions, we can cultivate a happier, more fulfilling life. 32．When you go through “priming”, you ________. A．notice the things of the same color and style B．start recognizing things you didn’t notice before C．have an interest in fashion and buy popular things D．begin to follow other people’s actions and thoughts 33．What will the author probably agree with? A．Acting old can make people feel young in their mind. B．We can manage our thoughts by managing our feelings. C．Happy chemicals make us think of the good things in life. D．Practicing gratitude helps us to recognize positive things. 34．Which of the following would be the best title for the passage? A．Prime Yourself to Be Happier B．Actions Are Primed by Feelings C．Gratitude Is Important for Happiness D．Learn Priming to Understand Feelings 9 ①Imagine you have to give a talk tomorrow. The night before, you might worry a lot about making mistakes. You might think about it again and again. This is called overthinking. ②Overthinking means thinking too much about something. You might worry about what others will think or imagine bad things happening. Our brains (大脑) sometimes do this because they want to keep us safe. In the past, this helped people keep away from danger. But now, it can make us feel worried. ③Some people think overthinking is good because it helps them plan. But often, it just makes you feel bad. It can also make it hard to get along with others. When we worry too much, we might not understand what others say or do. ④So, what can we do? One way is to relax yourself. Do something fun like playing a game, drawing, or going for a walk. Sometimes, our brains can find better ways when we are relaxed. ⑤Another way is to change your ideas when you are overthinking. When you start to worry, ask yourself if it is really true. Think about other results that might not be so bad. Remember, it’s okay to think about problems, but don’t let them control you. … 35．How does the writer start talking about overthinking in Paragraph 1? A．By giving a result. B．By telling a story. C．By listing the numbers. D．By asking a question. 36．What does overthinking mean according to the passage? A．Thinking about something only once. B．Thinking a lot about good things. C．Thinking carefully for the future. D．Thinking too much about a problem. 37．What is the structure (结构) of the passage? A．①②/③④/⑤ B．①/②③④/⑤ C．①②③④/⑤ D．①/②③/④⑤ 38．What might the writer talk about next? A．The reason why some people enjoy overthinking B．The history of overthinking in different cultures. C．More ways to stop yourself from overthinking. D．More examples of how overthinking can be helpful. 10 Dear Lily, I feel really bad about what happened yesterday. Yesterday afternoon, when we were flying kites in the park, I stepped on your new yellow bag. I was running so fast that I didn’t see it. When I realized what had happened, I saw a mud stain (泥渍) on it. You looked really upset, and I didn’t know what to say at that time. I should have said sorry right away, but I was too nervous to do it. I feel guilty (内疚的) for not saying sorry sooner. I keep thinking about it. I know how much you love your bag. It is a birthday gift from your aunt. Please let me make it up to you! I can wash the stain off carefully. Also, I want to give you a keychain (钥匙扣) that I bought yesterday. I hope it can make your bag even prettier! You are my best friend, Lily. Again, I’m really sorry! Yours, Anna 39．What happened to Lily’s bag? A．It got lost. B．It got wet. C．It got dirty. D．It got broken. 40．How did Anna feel right after the accident? A．Angry. B．Excited. C．Peaceful. D．Nervous. 41．What does Anna plan to give Lily? A．A kite. B．A new bag. C．A keychain. D．A birthday cake. 42．Why did Anna write the letter? A．To say sorry. B．To ask for help. C．To give an invitation. D．To share an experience. 11 Food is an important part of our life. Eating healthy food and cooking are important for our mind. First, eating healthy food is important for us. Because healthy food gives us energy and makes us feel good. Food is not just for filling our stomachs, it can also make us happy. When we eat, food can change our feelings. For example, fish and eggs can help us feel less sad, beef and milk can help us stay calm. But we should be careful with foods with too much sugar or fat. These foods might make us feel good for a short time, but later we might feel tired or worried. So eating a balanced diet is the best way to keep us stable. Second, cooking is also important for our mind. When we cook, we can pick fresh vegetables and meat, and make delicious meals. ▲ Every dish can carry a special feeling. When we share the food we cook, it makes others happy, too. By eating well and cooking with love, we can make every day a little bit better. Food is not just for eating—it’s for sharing and feeling good. 43．Which of the following foods can help us stay calm according to the passage? A．Fish and eggs. B．Foods with too much sugar. C．Beef and milk. D．Foods with too much fat. 44．Why should we be careful with foods that have too much sugar or fat? A．They can make us feel good all the time. B．They can make us feel tired or worried later. C．They can make us feel excited for a whole day. D．They can make us feel good for a short time. 45．What does the underlined word “stable” mean in Paragraph 2? A．Sad. B．Calm. C．Bored. D．Tired. 46．Which of the following can be put in “▲”? A．Cooking helps us feel proud and happy. B．It makes us feel tired. C．Buying food is very interesting. D．It helps us save money. 47．What is the main idea of the passage? A．Food only provides energy for our bodies. B．Cooking is the best way to share food. C．Eating healthy food and cooking are important for our mind. D．Eating a balanced diet is the best way to keep us fit. ( 1 / 1 )学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2025-2026学年上学期八年级英语知识点梳理与巩固(北师大版2024) Unit 3 Feelings and Emotions主题阅读 必备知识清单 单元主题阅读 本单元的“Feelings and emotions”这一阅读主题占据着关键地位。它引导学生深入探索人类丰富多样的内心世界，从日常生活中的喜怒哀乐，到面对挑战时的勇气与坚持，再到人际交往中的情感共鸣与冲突。通过阅读相关语篇，学生不仅能提升语言能力，更能增强对自身及他人情感的认知与理解，培养同理心与良好的社会交往能力。接下来，将从主题内涵、素养体现、策略要求和文化品质这四个维度，结合具体英语例子进行深入剖析。 一、主题内涵 （一）情感的丰富多样性 涵盖了如“happy”（快乐的）、“sad”（悲伤的）、“angry”（生气的）、“excited”（兴奋的）、“nervous”（紧张的）、“surprised”（惊讶的）等基础情感。例如：“I was very happy when I got an A in the English test.”（当我在英语考试中得了A时，我非常开心。）还包括更为复杂细腻的情感，像“proud”（自豪的），“She felt proud of herself for winning the singing competition.”（她为自己赢得歌唱比赛而感到自豪。）以及“lonely”（孤独的），“The old man often feels lonely because his children live far away.”（这位老人常常感到孤独，因为他的孩子们住得很远。） （二）情感产生的缘由与情境 情感的产生与生活中的各种情境紧密相连。在学习方面，“worried”（担忧的）情感常因考试或作业难题引发，“Tom is worried about his math exam because he didn't prepare well.”（汤姆担心他的数学考试，因为他没有好好准备。）在人际关系中，“grateful”（感激的）之情会因他人的帮助而油然而生，“I am really grateful to my friend for helping me with my project.”（我非常感激我的朋友在我的项目上给予帮助。）在面对突发事件时，可能会产生“scared”（害怕的）情绪，“The little girl was scared when she saw the big dog running towards her.”（当看到大狗朝她跑来时，这个小女孩很害怕。） （三）情感的表达与传递 人们通过语言和非语言方式表达情感。语言上，会直接表述，如“I'm so disappointed with the result.”（我对这个结果非常失望。）也会运用比喻等修辞手法，“My heart is like a sinking ship, full of despair.”（我的心就像一艘正在下沉的船，充满了绝望。）非语言方面，面部表情、肢体动作等是重要的情感载体。比如，一个微笑（a big smile）能传达快乐，紧握的拳头（clenched fists）可能表示愤怒，颤抖的双手（shaking hands）或许暗示紧张。 2、 素养体现 1. 词汇积累与运用：通过阅读，学生接触并掌握大量与情感相关的词汇，丰富词汇库。如学习“frustrated”（挫败的）后，能准确描述自己在解决难题屡遭失败时的感受，“I felt frustrated when I couldn't solve the difficult physics problem.”（当我无法解决这道物理难题时，我感到很挫败。） 2. 语法理解与表达：运用恰当的语法结构描述情感的发生、持续及变化。例如，现在进行时可表达当下正在经历的情感，“I am feeling really excited about the coming trip.”（对于即将到来的旅行，我现在感到非常兴奋。）过去完成时能体现过去某个时间之前就已存在的情感状态，“She had been sad for a long time before she found a new hobby.”（在找到新爱好之前，她已经悲伤了很长一段时间。） 3. 语篇理解与概括：能够理解不同体裁语篇中关于情感的描述，把握主旨大意与关键细节。如在记叙文里，理清人物情感变化的线索，“In the story, the boy's feelings changed from fear to courage as he faced the challenges in the forest.”（在这个故事中，随着男孩在森林中面对挑战，他的情感从恐惧转变为勇气。）在议论文中，理解作者关于情感管理等观点的论证逻辑。 4. 分析与推理能力：依据文本中人物的言行、心理描写等线索，分析其情感产生的原因及可能的发展趋势。例如，从“He kept looking at his watch and walking back and forth.”（他不停地看手表，来回踱步。）可推断出他很焦虑（anxious）。 5. 批判性思维能力：对文本中呈现的情感观点进行思考与判断，不盲目接受。如阅读一篇关于“是否应该总是隐藏负面情绪”的文章时，能从不同角度分析观点的合理性，提出自己的见解，“The article says we should always hide our negative feelings, but I think it's not good for our mental health. Sometimes, expressing them can help us feel better.”（文章说我们应该总是隐藏负面情绪，但我认为这对我们的心理健康不好。有时候，表达出来能让我们感觉更好。） 6. 创新思维能力：在理解文本情感的基础上，进行创意表达。如改写故事结局，使人物情感发展走向不同方向，“What if the hero in the story didn't get angry at the end but forgave the villain? How would the story and the characters' feelings change?”（如果故事中的英雄最后没有生气，而是原谅了反派，故事会怎样发展，人物的情感又会如何变化呢？） 三、策略要求 （一）预测策略 在阅读前，根据标题、图片、首段等信息预测文本可能涉及的情感主题与大致内容。比如，看到标题“An Unforgettable Day at School”（学校里难忘的一天）和配图中一个学生拿着奖状满脸笑容，可预测文章可能围绕学生在学校获得成就的喜悦之情展开，“I think this article might be about how happy the student was when he/she achieved something great at school.”（我认为这篇文章可能是关于这个学生在学校取得重大成就时有多开心。） （二）略读策略 快速浏览全文，获取文章主旨大意，明确文本主要讲述的情感类型及相关情境。例如，略读一篇关于家庭聚会的文章，通过抓住关键句“Our family gathering was full of joy and laughter.”（我们的家庭聚会充满了欢乐和笑声。）可知文章主要情感基调是快乐。 （三）扫读策略 带着特定问题，如寻找文中描述人物生气的句子，在文本中快速定位相关信息，“Scan the text to find the sentences that describe the character's anger.”（扫读文本，找出描述人物生气的句子。）像“He shouted angrily, 'How could you do this to me!'”（他生气地大喊：“你怎么能这样对我！”）这样的句子就能快速被找到。 （四）精读策略 仔细研读文本，品味词汇、句子的含义与情感色彩，理解情感的细微差别。如分析“He felt a bit disappointed rather than extremely sad.”（他感到有点失望，而不是极度悲伤。）中“a bit”（有点）和“extremely”（极度）对情感程度的精准描述。 四、主题词汇 （一）基础情感词汇 1. 快乐相关：happy（快乐的），cheerful（兴高采烈的），joyful（充满喜悦的），delighted（高兴的），pleased（满意的，高兴的）。例如：“The children were happy when they saw the colorful balloons.”（孩子们看到彩色气球时很开心。）“She has a cheerful smile on her face every day.”（她每天脸上都带着兴高采烈的笑容。） 2. 悲伤相关：sad（悲伤的），sorrowful（悲痛的），gloomy（忧郁的），miserable（痛苦的，悲惨的），heartbroken（心碎的）。如：“He felt sad after hearing the bad news.”（听到这个坏消息后，他感到很悲伤。）“The gloomy weather made her feel even worse.”（阴沉的天气让她感觉更糟糕了。） 3. 愤怒相关：angry（生气的），furious（狂怒的），irritated（恼怒的），seething（怒火中烧的），resentful（怨恨的）。例句：“The teacher was angry with the students for not doing their homework.”（老师因为学生没做作业而生气。）“He became furious when he found his bike was stolen.”（当他发现自己的自行车被偷时，他变得狂怒。） 4. 恐惧相关：afraid（害怕的），scared（恐惧的），frightened（受惊的），terrified（极度恐惧的），anxious（焦虑的）。比如：“The little girl is afraid of the dark.”（这个小女孩怕黑。）“They were terrified by the loud thunder.”（他们被巨大的雷声吓坏了。） 5. 惊讶相关：surprised（惊讶的），astonished（震惊的），amazed（惊奇的），shocked（惊愕的），stunned（目瞪口呆的）。“Everyone was surprised at his sudden appearance.”（每个人都对他的突然出现感到惊讶。）“She was astonished by the beautiful scenery.”（她被美丽的景色震惊了。） （二）复杂情感词汇 1. 积极复杂情感：proud（自豪的），confident（自信的），hopeful（充满希望的），inspired（受鼓舞的），content（满足的）。例如：“The parents felt proud of their son's excellent performance.”（父母为儿子的出色表现感到自豪。）“I am confident that I can pass the exam.”（我有信心能通过考试。） 2. 消极复杂情感：guilty（内疚的），ashamed（羞愧的），jealous（嫉妒的），envious（羡慕的），frustrated（挫败的）。如：“He felt guilty for lying to his mother.”（他因对母亲撒谎而感到内疚。）“She was jealous of her friend's new dress.”（她嫉妒朋友的新裙子。） （三）情感表达动作词汇 1. 面部表情动作：smile（微笑），laugh（大笑），grin（咧嘴笑），frown（皱眉），scowl（怒目而视）。例句：“She smiled sweetly at me.”（她对我甜甜地微笑。）“The old man frowned when he read the difficult words.”（老人读到难懂的单词时皱起了眉头。） 2. 肢体动作：jump（跳跃），clap（鼓掌），shrug（耸肩），stamp（跺脚），tremble（颤抖）。比如：“The children jumped with joy when they heard they would go to the park.”（孩子们听到要去公园时高兴得跳了起来。）“He shrugged his shoulders, showing that he didn't care.”（他耸了耸肩，表示不在乎。） 3. 言语动作：shout（大喊），scream（尖叫），whisper（低语），complain（抱怨），apologize（道歉）。“The angry man shouted at the driver.”（愤怒的男人朝司机大喊。）“She whispered a secret to her friend.”（她对朋友低声说了一个秘密。） （四）情感修饰词汇 1. 程度副词：very（非常），extremely（极其），really（真地），terribly（非常，糟糕地），awfully（非常，很）。例如：“I am very happy to see you.”（见到你我非常开心。）“She was extremely nervous before the performance.”（表演前她极其紧张。） 2. 形容词修饰词：deep（深深的），strong（强烈的），mild（温和的），slight（轻微的），intense（强烈的，剧烈的）。“He has a deep love for music.”（他对音乐有着深深的热爱。）“There was a slight feeling of disappointment in her heart.”（她心中有一丝失望的感觉。） 五、主题句式 （一）表达个人情感状态 1. 简单直白表达：I am + 情感形容词。如：I am happy.（我很开心。）I am sad.（我很悲伤。）I am angry.（我很生气。） 2. 程度加强表达：I am really/extremely/terribly + 情感形容词。I am really excited about the party.（对于这个派对我真的很兴奋。）I am extremely disappointed with the result.（我对这个结果极其失望。） 3. 情感持续表达：I have been + 情感形容词 + for + 时间段。I have been worried for a long time.（我已经担心很长时间了。）I have been proud of myself since I won the competition.（自从我赢得比赛后，我一直为自己感到自豪。） （二）描述情感产生原因 1. because引导原因状语从句：I am happy because I got a new book.（我很开心，因为我得到了一本新书。）He is angry because his brother broke his toy.（他很生气，因为他弟弟弄坏了他的玩具。） 2. due to/owing to + 名词/动名词：She is sad due to the loss of her pet.（她因为失去宠物而悲伤。）They were late owing to getting up late.（他们因为起床晚而迟到。） 3. as a result of + 名词/动名词：He felt frustrated as a result of failing the exam.（由于考试不及格，他感到很挫败。）The team was disappointed as a result of losing the game.（由于输掉比赛，这个团队很失望。） （三）情感对比与变化 1. 比较级表达情感差异：I am happier today than yesterday.（我今天比昨天更开心。）She looks more nervous than before.（她看起来比以前更紧张了。） 2. from...to...表达情感变化：His feelings changed from excitement to disappointment.（他的情感从兴奋变成了失望。）The little girl's mood went from sadness to joy when she saw her mother.（当看到妈妈时，小女孩的情绪从悲伤转为喜悦。） 3. used to do/be...but now...表达过去与现在情感对比：I used to be afraid of dogs, but now I like them.（我过去害怕狗，但现在我喜欢它们。）She used to be shy, but now she is very confident.（她过去很害羞，但现在非常自信。） （四）询问他人情感 1. How do you feel?：用于一般询问对方当下感受。How do you feel about the movie?（你觉得这部电影怎么样？）How do you feel today?（你今天感觉如何？） 2. What's wrong/the matter with you?：用于询问对方是否有不好的情绪或状况。What's wrong with you? You look sad.（你怎么了？你看起来很悲伤。）What's the matter with him? He seems angry.（他怎么了？他似乎很生气。） 综合实战演练 1 ① Feeling a little blue? Here are some fast and easy ways to make you smile. ② Exercise. When you exercise, your brain lets out a chemical (化学物质). This chemical makes you feel happier. That is just another reason why exercise is good for you. ③ Have a heart-to-heart talk. If something makes you feel unhappy, it is a good idea to talk about it with someone. Call a friend or a relative. A good talk is a great way to make you feel better fast. ④ Laughter is the best medicine. Laughing is the best way to improve your mood (情绪). Children laugh around 400 times a day. Grown-ups only laugh about 20 times a day. Be a kid for a day: play games, watch funny films, or read jokes online. ⑤ Think positively. Close your eyes and think of a beautiful picture or the time when you were happy. 1．What does “Feeling a little blue” mean? A．Being happy. B．Staying positive. C．Feeling excited. D．Feeling sad. 2．Which activity CANNOT make you happy? A．Doing sports. B．Reading jokes. C．Doing maths exercises. D．Calling a friend. 3．What is the structure of the passage? A．①②③④/⑤ B．①②/③④/⑤ C．①/②③④/⑤ D．①/②③④⑤ 4．What’s the best title of the text? A．The key to happiness B．Ways to be happy C．What happiness means D．How to feel blue 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．D 4．B 【解析】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了快速和简单的方法来让自己感到快乐和微笑。 1．词句猜测题。根据文章第①段“Feeling a little blue? Here are some fast and easy ways to make you smile.”可知，后文提出让你微笑的方法，说明前文“Feeling a little blue”应是与微笑开心相反的状态，即感到难过。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据文章第②段“Exercise. When you exercise, your brain lets out a chemical (化学物质). This chemical makes you feel happier.”可知，做运动可以让人感到快乐；根据第③段“Have a heart-to-heart talk. ... Call a friend or a relative. A good talk is a great way to make you feel better fast.”可知，与朋友或亲戚进行深入的交谈可以让人感到快乐；根据第④段“Be a kid for a day: play games, watch funny films, or read jokes online.”可知，阅读笑话可以让人感到快乐。而文章中没有提到做数学练习可以让人感到快乐。故选C。 3．篇章结构题。通读全文可知，第①段是引言，提出问题并引出下文；第②③④⑤段分别介绍了四种不同的方法来改善情绪。因此，文章结构为总分结构，即①/②③④⑤。故选D。 4．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了几种让自己快乐的方法，如运动、谈心、大笑和积极思考，因此B选项Ways to be happy“快乐的方法”是最佳标题。故选B。 2 Do you often feel angry? Anger may make us feel uncomfortable, but it’s also normal. Unluckily, many of us are used to hiding our feelings. A study shows that this can make a big difference to our health. Is it better to cry or break things whenever something makes us angry? The study points out that when we show our anger in this way, we probably can’t get on well with our friends or our family. So what can we do to deal with (应对) our angry feelings in a right way? First, know what makes you angry. We may feel angry because of feelings of fear, stress, disappointment and so on. Also, pay closer attention (注意) to those everyday things that will make us angry. We may get angry in the long lines at the restaurant. Take a step back and think that it isn’t personal. Everyone in the line has their meal to wait for, just like us. One way of dealing with anger is to talk about it. The study shows that if we talk about our feelings, we can actually calm ourselves down and feel better. Do some controlled breathing or find some physical activities. Exercise helps with feelings of anger. If we know what to do with anger, we will be happier and healthier. 5．The writer begins the passage by ________. A．telling a story B．listing some numbers C．giving some examples D．asking a question 6．Which can help deal with the feeling of anger according to the passage? ① Doing some exercise         ②Eating delicious food ③ Talking about the feelings         ④Doing some controlled breathing A．①②③ B．②③④ C．①③④ D．①②④ 7．The underlined word “disappointment” in Paragraph 3 means “________” in Chinese. A．开心 B．沮丧 C．公平 D．和平 8．What’s the best title for the passage? A．How to Deal with Anger? B．Why Are You Angry? C．What Makes You Angry? D．When to Deal with Anger? 【答案】5．D 6．C 7．B 8．A 【解析】本文主要介绍了愤怒是一种正常情绪，但若压抑或爆发式宣泄都会带来负面影响，并提供了正确处理愤怒情绪的方法。 5．细节理解题。根据“Do you often feel angry? ”可知作者以提出问题的方式开篇。故选D。 6．细节理解题。根据“One way of dealing with anger is to talk about it...Do some controlled breathing or find some physical activities. Exercise helps with feelings of anger.”可知锻炼、倾诉和呼吸调节均可帮助应对愤怒。故选C。 7．词义猜测题。根据“We may feel angry because of feelings of fear, stress, disappointment and so on.”可知此处是并列列举负面情绪，可推知disappointment意为“沮丧”。故选B。 8．最佳标题题。本文主要介绍了愤怒是一种正常情绪，但若压抑或爆发式宣泄都会带来负面影响，并提供了正确处理愤怒情绪的方法，以选项A“如何应对愤怒”为标题最合适。故选A。 3 Are you a person who has a high EQ? If you want to be a successful man, you should have a high EQ. Some people say that the EQ is more important than the IQ. I think so. So we can know the importance of having a high EQ. If you don’t have a high EQ, try to make yourself become a person with a good temper (脾气). In this way, your EQ may become higher and higher. Here are some ways for you to control your temper when you are angry. First, don’t say anything when you are in a bad mood, or it’s possible for you to hurt others. In fact, maybe you don’t mean to hurt them. Second, take a deep breath when you can’t stop your anger. In this way, you will feel relaxed and you won’t be that furious. Third, when you are angry, ask yourself some questions: “Why am I so angry?” “Do I have to be so irritated (恼怒的，生气的)?” “What will happen if I don’t get angry?” So, try the ways above. Everything could be simple when you try to think about it in other ways. 9．The writer thinks that ________. A．the EQ is more important than the IQ B．the EQ is less important than the IQ C．the EQ is as important as the IQ D．the EQ and IQ are not important 10．What’s the second way to control your temper when you are angry? A．Don’t say anything. B．Take a deep breath. C．Ask yourself some questions. D．Find a person you can talk with. 11．The underlined word “furious” probably means “________” in English. A．very happy B．very angry C．very excited D．very disappointed 12．We can ask ourselves some questions when we are angry. How many questions are mentioned in the passage? A．Two. B．Three. C．Four. D．Five. 13．The passage is about how to become a person ________. A．who has a good temper B．who has a high EQ C．who is popular among friends D．who has a high IQ 【答案】9．A 10．B 11．B 12．B 13．A 【解析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了如何使自己成为好脾气的人的一些方法。文章中提到了三种方法，分别是：什么也不说；深呼吸；问自己一些问题。针对这些方法，文章还做了详细的阐述。 9．细节理解题。根据“Some people even say that the EQ is more important than the IQ. I think so.”可知，作者认为情商比智商更重要。故选A。 10．细节理解题。根据“Second, take a deep breath when you can’t stop your anger.”可知，第二种控制脾气的方法是“深呼吸”。故选B。 11．词义猜测题。根据“Second, take a deep breath when you can’t stop your anger. In this way, you will feel relaxed and you won’t be that furious.”可知，无法抑制自己的愤怒时，深呼吸就会感到放松且不那么愤怒了，所以furious表示“非常愤怒”。故选B。 12．细节理解题。根据“Why am I so angry?”，“Do I have to be so irritated (恼怒的，生气的) ?”及“What will happen if I don’t get angry?”可知，文章提到了三个问题。故选B。 13．主旨大意题。本文围绕控制脾气展开，介绍了如何使自己成为好脾气的人的一些方法。故选A。 4 Colours can change my feelings. Orange and yellow make me feel confident. When I am feeling sad, these colours cheer me up. Blue and white can make me feel calm. Green is the colour of nature. It can give me more joy. Wearing red often makes me feel active. —Jenny I think the moon can affect (影响) my feelings, especially when the full moon is high in the sky on the Mid-Autumn Festival. The moon is so round and bright, but I can’t get together with my family. I feel very lonely, and my eyes fill with tears. —Linda _______I live in a big city. It is always noisy and crowded with people. I have trouble sleeping at night. I hope to live in the countryside some day. It’s clean and quiet. I think I could relax and sleep well. —Mike I think the weather can affect my feelings. When it rains, I always feel sad. When the sun shines brightly, it makes me happy again. —Tom Big events (事件) can change me a lot. When I talk about the Gansu earthquake with friends, sadness and worries always come to me. But when we talk about Asian Games, I always feel excited. —David 14．According to the text, what colours can make Jenny calm? A．Green and red. B．Blue and orange. C．Blue and white. D．Yellow and white. 15．Which sentence can be the best to put in the blank “______”? A．Food is very important to me. B．The environment can change my feelings. C．People would like to live in the countryside. D．The big cities are always noisy and crowded. 16．What can we learn from the text? A．Jenny likes big events a lot. B．Mike likes living in a big city. C．Tom may feel happy when it is sunny. D．Linda feels happy on the Mid-Autumn Festival. 17．Which of the following cannot affect the writers’ feelings according to the text? A．Colours. B．Temperature. C．Weather. D．Events. 【答案】14．C 15．B 16．C 17．B 【解析】本文主要讲述了不同事物（颜色、月亮、环境、天气、事件）如何影响人们的情绪。 14．细节理解题。根据文章第1段“Blue and white can make me feel calm.”可知，蓝色和白色能让Jenny感到平静。故选C。 15．推理判断题。根据文章第3段“I live in a big city…I hope to live in the countryside some day.”可知，Mike认为城市环境（嘈杂拥挤）影响了他的睡眠，渴望乡村环境（干净安静）。因此空白处最合适的句子是“The environment can change my feelings”。故选B。 16．细节理解题。根据文章第4段“When the sun shines brightly, it makes me happy again.”可知，Tom在阳光明媚时会感到快乐。故选C。 17．细节理解题。文中提到了颜色（Jenny）、月亮（Linda）、环境（Mike）、天气（Tom）、事件（David）对情绪的影响，但未提及温度（temperature）的影响。故选B。 5 Shyness is a kind of fear. People who are shy always worry too much about what people think of them or embarrassing themselves in some way in front of others. How can we overcome shyness? Have a good posture The way a person holds themselves says a lot about that person. People with sloped (倾斜的) shoulders don’t think of themselves as important. So stand up straight, shoulders back, keep your head up, and always make eye contact. By practicing a good posture, you will feel you have the ability to do things well. Increase your walking speed You can tell if a person is confident by the way he walks. People who walk in a slow way, and look at the ground while walking usually have no confidence in themselves. While people who have confidence in themselves walk faster. That is because they have important things to do, friends to meet, and places to go. So walk a little faster, head held up, and look straight ahead. Do some exercise Exercise increases your energy in the body. That will put you in a more positive state of mind. By exercising, you will feel sure of yourself. Think about it, it is better to do some exercise than just looking at TV all day. Do things that make you feel good about yourself This can be anything that you really like doing, such as going to the theater, listening to music, traveling, helping someone out with a problem. 18．According to the passage, what is a good posture? A．Standing up straight. B．Keeping your head down. C．Showing your back to others. D．Touching shoulders. 19．How can walking faster help overcome shyness? A．It makes people notice you less. B．It reflects and builds self-confidence. C．It helps you avoid talking to others. D．It is a way to exercise. 20．What does “positive state of mind” mean in the underlined sentence? A．Feeling tired. B．Wanting to watch TV. C．Feeling more optimistic and confident. D．Thinking about problems. 21．Which activity is NOT suggested in the article to feel better about yourself? A．Watching TV all day. B．Listening to music. C．Travelling. D．Helping someone. 22．What is the main purpose of the article? A．To explain why people are shy. B．To teach how to change body language and habits to reduce shyness. C．To compare shy people and confident people. D．To recommend exercise programs. 【答案】18．A 19．B 20．C 21．A 22．B 【解析】本文是一篇说明文，文章提供了通过调整肢体语言和培养积极习惯来克服害羞心理的实用建议。 18．细节理解题。根据小标题“Have a good posture”和“So stand up straight, shoulders back, keep your head up, and always make eye contact. By practicing a good posture, you will feel you have the ability to do things well.”可知，站直，肩膀向后，抬起头，保持眼神交流是很好的姿势。故选A。 19．细节理解题。根据“People who walk in a slow way, and look at the ground while walking usually have no confidence in themselves. While people who have confidence in themselves walk faster.”可知，走路慢吞吞的，边走边看地面的人，通常对自己没有信心。而对自己有信心的人走得更快。故选B。 20．词句猜测题。根据“Exercise increases your energy in the body. That will put you in a more positive state of mind.”可知，锻炼增加你体内的能量。这会让你处于更积极的心态。由此可知，下划线部分““positive state of mind”的意思是“处于更积极的心态”，即“感觉更加乐观和自信”。故选C。 21．细节理解题。根据“Think about it, it is better to do some exercise than just looking at TV all day.”可知，文章中没有建议可以让你自我感觉更好的活动是整天看电视。故选A。 22．主旨大意题。通读全文，结合第一段中“How can we overcome shyness?”可知，本文提供了通过调整肢体语言和培养积极习惯来克服害羞心理的实用建议。由此可知，作者写该文章的主要目的是教我们如何改变身体语言和习惯来减少害羞。故选B。 6 The film Inside Out tells us a new way to understand people’s emotions (情感). The story starts with an 11-year-old girl named Riley. Her mind has five key emotions: Joy, Sadness, Anger, Fear, and Disgust. Each emotion has a special role in shaping Riley’s thoughts and actions. Joy, the brightest and most energetic, tries to keep Riley happy, while Sadness often feels overlooked. However, when Riley’s family moves to a new city, her emotions try to get used to the new environment. One day, Joy and Sadness accidentally (意外地) get lost in Riley’s long-term memory. Without them, Anger, Fear, and Disgust play the main role, causing Riley to act differently. She becomes easy to be angry, keeps away from her parents, and even thinks about running away. At the same time, Joy realizes that Sadness plays an important role——helping Riley face difficult changes. In the end, the two emotions work together to get balance back in Riley’s mind. The movie shows us a powerful message: all emotions, even bad ones, are necessary for healthy mental growth. By accepting sadness, Riley learns to get along with difficulties and rebuilds (重建) stronger relationships. Inside Out teaches us that emotional balance is key to happiness. 23．What is Joy’s main role in Riley’s mind? A．To make Riley afraid of new things. B．To keep Riley happy and energetic. C．To help Riley dislike unpleasant food. D．To be the boss of all the other emotions. 24．What’s the result when Joy and Sadness are lost? A．Riley becomes very joyful. B．Riley acts the same as usual. C．Riley’s memories go away. D．Riley starts to act differently. 25．What does the underline word “ones” refer to? A．Riley’s parents. B．Emotions like Sadness. C．Long-term memories. D．Joy and Sadness. 26．What is the main idea of the last paragraph? A．Accepting Sadness is enough for our mental growth. B．Joy is the most important emotion. C．Sadness should always be overlooked. D．All emotions are important for mental growth. 27．Which of the following is the best title for the text? A．The Science of Emotions in Inside Out B．How to Control Anger and Fear C．Riley’s Journey to a New City D．Why Joy Is Better Than Sadness 【答案】23．B 24．D 25．B 26．D 27．A 【解析】本文主要围绕电影《头脑特工队》阐述角色情绪及其影响。 23．细节理解题。根据“Joy, the brightest and most energetic, tries to keep Riley happy”可知，Joy的主要作用是让Riley保持快乐和活力，故选B。 24．细节理解题。根据“One day, Joy and Sadness accidentally (意外地) get lost in Riley’s long-term memory. Without them, Anger, Fear, and Disgust play the main role, causing Riley to act differently.”可知，当Joy和Sadness走失后，Anger、Fear和Disgust取代它们，导致Riley情绪失衡、行为异常，故选D。 25．词句猜测题。根据“The movie shows us a powerful message: all emotions, even bad ones, are necessary for healthy mental growth.”可知，这部电影向我们展示了一个强有力的信息：所有的情绪，即使是不好的情绪，对于健康的心理成长都是必要的，ones指代“emotions”，故选B。 26．主旨大意题。根据“The movie shows us a powerful message: all emotions, even bad ones, are necessary for healthy mental growth.”可知，最后一段强调所有情绪对个人心理健康都很重要，故选D。 27．最佳标题题。本文主要围绕电影《头脑特工队》阐述角色情绪及其影响，最佳标题是“《头脑特工队》中的情绪科学”，故选A。 7 Do you get angry when your friends sing loudly? Or when your best friend does not wait for you after school? If you do, you need to control (控制) your feelings and stop getting angry so easily. Getting angry easily can make you lose friends. Gary Egeberg, an American high school teacher, wrote My Feelings are Just Like Wild Animals to help you control your feelings. It tells teenagers how to stay cool when bad things happen to them. The book says that getting angry only makes problems worse. It cannot make them better. “Getting angry is not a natural way to act”, the book says. It is just a bad habit, like smoking. The book says you can control your anger easily, and all you have to do is to tell yourself not to be angry. When a baby falls over, it cries only when people are watching it. Like a baby, you can only get angry if you are sure it is the right thing to do. The book gives many suggestions to help you if you get angry easily. Here are the top three. ①Keep a record. Every time you get angry, write down why you are angry. Look at it later and you will see you get angry too easily. ②Ask your friends to stop talking to you when you get angry. This will teach you not to be angry. ③Do something different. When you get angry, walk away from the problem and go somewhere else. Try to laugh! 28．The writer wants to tell us ________. A．not to get angry easily B．to work hard at school C．to do more exercises D．to help each other 29．The writer thinks that if you get angry easily you will ________. A．get ill very easily B．lose your friends C．put on weight easily D．eat less 30．My Feelings are Just Like Wild Animals is a ________. A．story B．book C．picture D．film 31．In the fourth paragraph, the underlined word “it” refers to (指的是)________. A．the book B．anger C．habit D．the baby 【答案】28．A 29．B 30．B 31．D 【解析】本文主要讲述了控制愤怒情绪的重要性以及如何通过一些方法来减少愤怒。 28．细节理解题。根据“If you do, you need to control your feelings and stop getting angry so easily.”可知作者想告诉我们不要轻易生气，故选A。 29．细节理解题。根据“Getting angry easily can make you lose friends.”知作者认为如果容易生气就会失去朋友，故选B。 30．细节理解题。根据“Gary Egeberg, an American high school teacher, wrote My Feelings are Just Like Wild Animals to help you control your feelings.”可知《我的情绪就像野兽》是一本书，故选B。 31．词义猜测题。根据“When a baby falls over, it cries only when people are watching it.”可知此处指婴儿摔倒时，只有当人们看着它时它才会哭，故划线词“it”指的是婴儿，故选D。 8 Have you ever bought a new pair of shoes and started noticing the exact color and style of shoes everywhere? Is that type of shoes just becoming popular in your school? Were they there before? Or are you just going crazy? You’re not going crazy. The reason you are now noticing them is what psychologists call “priming”. Actually, the shoes were always there. You just didn’t recognize them consciously (有意识地). However, when that certain type of shoes becomes part of your life, you start recognizing all of the other shoes that are the same, because you are already “primed” to do so. Priming can happen in different ways. In one study, researchers made students walk around a room for 5 minutes at a slower pace than usual. After this short experience, the students were quicker to recognize words related to old age, such as “forgetful”, “old”, and “lonely” . The priming effects tend to produce a coherent (连贯的) reaction: if you think about old age, you may start to act older, and acting older can strengthen those thoughts. This research shows us that our thoughts can influence our actions, and then our actions can influence our thoughts in a continuous cycle. American psychologist William James reached similar conclusions a century ago, but he emphasized the priming effect on feelings. “Actions seem to follow feelings, but actually actions and feelings go together. And by managing the actions, we can manage the feelings.” To put it simply, if we want to feel cheerful, we can start by sitting up happily and to act and speak as if you were already happy. So, that’s it. If you want to be happy, just sit up and act happy. Based on these scientific findings, we can take certain priming effects to make ourselves feel happier each day. One thing we have in common is our ability to think and feel. Thinking about the good things in our lives can produce the chemicals that make us feel happy. Especially when we take the time to think about what we’re grateful (感激的) for—like friends, family, or even small joys like a sunny day—we fill our minds with these “happy chemicals” . Furthermore, by consciously thinking, feeling and expressing gratitude, we will not only be happier in the moment, but we will be “primed” to recognize the good things in our life. Each time this happens, the “happy chemicals” will be produced. More than that, combining thoughts of gratitude with happy acts like smiling and laughing will add extra positive effect on our state of mind. Therefore, by being aware of the power of our thoughts and actions, we can cultivate a happier, more fulfilling life. 32．When you go through “priming”, you ________. A．notice the things of the same color and style B．start recognizing things you didn’t notice before C．have an interest in fashion and buy popular things D．begin to follow other people’s actions and thoughts 33．What will the author probably agree with? A．Acting old can make people feel young in their mind. B．We can manage our thoughts by managing our feelings. C．Happy chemicals make us think of the good things in life. D．Practicing gratitude helps us to recognize positive things. 34．Which of the following would be the best title for the passage? A．Prime Yourself to Be Happier B．Actions Are Primed by Feelings C．Gratitude Is Important for Happiness D．Learn Priming to Understand Feelings 【答案】32．B 33．D 34．A 【解析】本文主要讲述了心理学中的“启动效应”，以及如何利用这一效应让自己更快乐。 32．细节理解题。根据第二段“the shoes were always there. You just didn’t recognize them consciously. However, when that certain type of shoes becomes part of your life, you start recognizing all of the other shoes that are the same, because you are already ‘primed’ to do so”可知，“启动效应”是指开始意识到之前未留意的事物。故选B。 33．观点态度题。根据最后一段“by consciously thinking, feeling and expressing gratitude, we will not only be happier in the moment, but we will be ‘primed’ to recognize the good things in our life”可知，践行感恩有助于我们识别积极的事物。故选D。 34．最佳标题题。文章围绕“启动效应”展开，重点说明如何利用这一效应让自己更快乐，选项A“让自己做好准备更快乐”能概括文章主旨。故选A。 9 ①Imagine you have to give a talk tomorrow. The night before, you might worry a lot about making mistakes. You might think about it again and again. This is called overthinking. ②Overthinking means thinking too much about something. You might worry about what others will think or imagine bad things happening. Our brains (大脑) sometimes do this because they want to keep us safe. In the past, this helped people keep away from danger. But now, it can make us feel worried. ③Some people think overthinking is good because it helps them plan. But often, it just makes you feel bad. It can also make it hard to get along with others. When we worry too much, we might not understand what others say or do. ④So, what can we do? One way is to relax yourself. Do something fun like playing a game, drawing, or going for a walk. Sometimes, our brains can find better ways when we are relaxed. ⑤Another way is to change your ideas when you are overthinking. When you start to worry, ask yourself if it is really true. Think about other results that might not be so bad. Remember, it’s okay to think about problems, but don’t let them control you. … 35．How does the writer start talking about overthinking in Paragraph 1? A．By giving a result. B．By telling a story. C．By listing the numbers. D．By asking a question. 36．What does overthinking mean according to the passage? A．Thinking about something only once. B．Thinking a lot about good things. C．Thinking carefully for the future. D．Thinking too much about a problem. 37．What is the structure (结构) of the passage? A．①②/③④/⑤ B．①/②③④/⑤ C．①②③④/⑤ D．①/②③/④⑤ 38．What might the writer talk about next? A．The reason why some people enjoy overthinking B．The history of overthinking in different cultures. C．More ways to stop yourself from overthinking. D．More examples of how overthinking can be helpful. 【答案】35．A 36．D 37．D 38．C 【解析】本文主要介绍了过度思考这种现象以及应对措施。 35．推理判断题。根据“Imagine you have to give a talk tomorrow…This is called overthinking.”可知，第一段通过给出一个结论开始文章。故选A。 36．细节理解题。根据“Overthinking means thinking too much about something. ”可知，过度思考指对某件事想得过多。故选D。 37．篇章结构题。通读全文，第一段引出过度思考这种现象；第二、三段解释了过度思考引发的原因及影响；第四、五段介绍了解决过度思考的方法，则本文的结构为“①/②③/④⑤”。故选D。 38．推理判断题。根据“So, what can we do? One way is to relax yourself.”及“Another way is to change your ideas when you’re overthinking.”可知，文章最后两段已提出两种解决方法，则下一步可能补充更多方法，选项C“更多的方法来阻止自己过度思考”符合。故选C。 10 Dear Lily, I feel really bad about what happened yesterday. Yesterday afternoon, when we were flying kites in the park, I stepped on your new yellow bag. I was running so fast that I didn’t see it. When I realized what had happened, I saw a mud stain (泥渍) on it. You looked really upset, and I didn’t know what to say at that time. I should have said sorry right away, but I was too nervous to do it. I feel guilty (内疚的) for not saying sorry sooner. I keep thinking about it. I know how much you love your bag. It is a birthday gift from your aunt. Please let me make it up to you! I can wash the stain off carefully. Also, I want to give you a keychain (钥匙扣) that I bought yesterday. I hope it can make your bag even prettier! You are my best friend, Lily. Again, I’m really sorry! Yours, Anna 39．What happened to Lily’s bag? A．It got lost. B．It got wet. C．It got dirty. D．It got broken. 40．How did Anna feel right after the accident? A．Angry. B．Excited. C．Peaceful. D．Nervous. 41．What does Anna plan to give Lily? A．A kite. B．A new bag. C．A keychain. D．A birthday cake. 42．Why did Anna write the letter? A．To say sorry. B．To ask for help. C．To give an invitation. D．To share an experience. 【答案】39．C 40．D 41．C 42．A 【解析】本文是一封道歉信，Anna因在公园放风筝时踩脏了Lily的新包而感到内疚，写信表达歉意并提出补救措施。 39．细节理解题。根据“I stepped on your new yellow bag”和“When I realized what had happened, I saw a mud stain (泥渍) on it.”可知，Lily的包被踩脏了。故选C。 40．细节理解题。根据“I should have said sorry right away, but I was too nervous to do it.”可知，事故发生后Anna非常紧张，故选D。 41．细节理解题。根据“Also, I want to give you a keychain (钥匙扣) that I bought yesterday.”可知，Anna计划给Lily一个钥匙扣。故选C。 42．主旨大意题。根据“Again, I’m really sorry!”及结合文章内容可知，Anna写信是想要为弄脏了Lily的包而道歉。故选A。 11 Food is an important part of our life. Eating healthy food and cooking are important for our mind. First, eating healthy food is important for us. Because healthy food gives us energy and makes us feel good. Food is not just for filling our stomachs, it can also make us happy. When we eat, food can change our feelings. For example, fish and eggs can help us feel less sad, beef and milk can help us stay calm. But we should be careful with foods with too much sugar or fat. These foods might make us feel good for a short time, but later we might feel tired or worried. So eating a balanced diet is the best way to keep us stable. Second, cooking is also important for our mind. When we cook, we can pick fresh vegetables and meat, and make delicious meals. ▲ Every dish can carry a special feeling. When we share the food we cook, it makes others happy, too. By eating well and cooking with love, we can make every day a little bit better. Food is not just for eating—it’s for sharing and feeling good. 43．Which of the following foods can help us stay calm according to the passage? A．Fish and eggs. B．Foods with too much sugar. C．Beef and milk. D．Foods with too much fat. 44．Why should we be careful with foods that have too much sugar or fat? A．They can make us feel good all the time. B．They can make us feel tired or worried later. C．They can make us feel excited for a whole day. D．They can make us feel good for a short time. 45．What does the underlined word “stable” mean in Paragraph 2? A．Sad. B．Calm. C．Bored. D．Tired. 46．Which of the following can be put in “▲”? A．Cooking helps us feel proud and happy. B．It makes us feel tired. C．Buying food is very interesting. D．It helps us save money. 47．What is the main idea of the passage? A．Food only provides energy for our bodies. B．Cooking is the best way to share food. C．Eating healthy food and cooking are important for our mind. D．Eating a balanced diet is the best way to keep us fit. 【答案】43．C 44．B 45．B 46．A 47．C 【解析】本文阐述了健康饮食和烹饪对我们心灵的重要性。健康饮食能提供能量、影响情绪，而烹饪不仅能带来愉悦感，还能通过分享传递情感，让生活更美好。 43．细节理解题。根据“beef and milk can help us stay calm”可知，牛肉和牛奶能帮助我们保持平静。故选C。 44．细节理解题。根据“But we should be careful with foods with too much sugar or fat. These foods might make us feel good for a short time, but later we might feel tired or worried.”可知，这类食物虽能让人短暂感觉良好，但之后可能会使人疲惫或焦虑。故选B。 45．词句猜测题。根据“fish and eggs can help us feel less sad, beef and milk can help us stay calm.”和“These foods might make us feel good for a short time, but later we might feel tired or worried.”可知，健康食物能带来积极情绪（如平静），而高糖高脂食物会导致情绪波动（疲惫、焦虑），因此均衡饮食能让我们保持稳定的情绪，即“平静（calm）”。故选B。 46．推理判断题。根据“cook... make delicious meals”和“Every dish can carry a special feeling”可知，前文因为用心而做出美味的饭菜，后文提到每道菜承载着特殊的感情，所以空白处应承接烹饪带来的积极感受，“Cooking helps us feel proud and happy”（烹饪让我们感到自豪和快乐）符合逻辑。故选A。 47．主旨大意题。根据“Eating healthy food and cooking are important for our mind”可知，文章开头即点明了“吃健康的食物和做饭对我们的心智很重要。”这一观点，后文围绕这一观点展开，分别阐述健康饮食和烹饪对心灵的积极影响。故选C。 ( 1 / 1 )学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$