Unit 6 Earth and Beyond 宇宙探索（话题阅读精练）英语仁爱科普版2024八年级上册

Unit 6 Earth and Beyond（宇宙探索） 话题阅读精练 模块 语篇 题型 体裁 词数 内容简介 时文阅读 中国太空计算卫星 课外阅读 说明文 220 2025 年 5 月中国发射 12 颗计算卫星，借长征火箭开启全球首个 “三体计算星座”，可在轨处理数据，2035 年计划扩展至 2800 颗卫星。 实战演练 太空旅游与风险 完形填空 记叙文 102 有人花巨资和宇航员太空旅行，如 Dennis Tito（2001 年）、Anousheh Ansari（2006 年），太空旅行面临辐射、太空病等风险。 学校太空展通知 阅读理解 A 应用文（通知） 151 学校 4 月 29-30 日组织参观广州科技馆太空展，学生票 30 元，29 日有王亚平免费讲座，30 日可付费用望远镜观测火星。 行星办冬奥会 B 说明文 98 探讨在其他行星办冬奥会的可能：水星夜晚有冰可滑冰，火星有冰雪和山可滑雪，冥王星极冷冰硬可滑雪橇。 中国月球探索计划 C 说明文 131 中国月球探索成果显著，计划派机器人找水等资源、建基地（可给航天器加油），未来普通人或可登月，月球或成人类第八大陆。 太空洗衣解决方案 阅读还原 说明文 102 太空无重力难洗衣，宇航员需带大量衣服；俄罗斯研发特殊洗衣机，用宇航员呼出的二氧化碳制液体，无需水即可清洁衣服。 第三节太空课 任务阅读 说明文 131 10 月 12 日神舟十四号航天员在问天实验舱上第三节太空课，演示站着睡、用 2 米吸管喝果汁、“懒惰水球” 等实验。 时文阅读 On May 14, 2025, China sent 12 new computing satellites into space. They used a Long March rocket from the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center. This was a big step! It started the world’s first space computing network. It’s called the Three-body Computing Constellation. The name comes from a physics problem about objects moving in space. These satellites can work right in orbit, not just send data to Earth. 2025 年 5 月 14 日，中国将 12 颗新型计算卫星送入太空。这些卫星通过酒泉卫星发射中心的长征火箭发射，迈出了重大一步 —— 开启了全球首个太空计算网络，名为 “三体计算星座”。其名称源自一个关于太空物体运动的物理问题。这些卫星可直接在轨道运行，而非仅向地球传输数据。 · computing satellite  计算卫星（具备数据处理功能的卫星） ·constellation [ˌkɒnstəˈleɪʃn] n. 卫星群 ·orbit [ˈɔːbɪt] n. 轨道 Zhejiang Lab, Guoxing Aerospace, and other groups made these satellites. Each one can do 744 trillion calculations every second! Together, they form a strong network. When they circle the Earth, they can analyze data quickly. For example, they can find forest fires in seconds. They can also make 3D maps of flooded areas to help rescue teams. Before, old-style satellites took days to do such jobs. 之江实验室、国星宇航等机构联合研制了这些卫星。每颗卫星每秒可完成 744 万亿次计算！它们共同构成强大网络，绕地球运行时能快速分析数据：例如几秒内发现森林火灾，生成洪涝区 3D 地图助力救援。而老式卫星完成此类工作需数天。 ·trillion [ˈtrɪljən] num. 万亿 ·calculation[ˌkælkjuˈleɪʃ(ə)n] n.计算，运算 ·analyze [ˈænəlaɪz] v. 分析 ·rescue [ˈreskjuː] n. 救援 Old satellites wasted a lot of time—70% to 90%—because of slow data sending. The new network fixes this. It works on data while in space, cutting delays from weeks to just seconds. It can help with deep-space trips, like going to Mars. By working in space, it avoids long waits for messages to reach Earth. 老式卫星因数据传输缓慢浪费 70%-90% 时间，而新网络解决了这一问题：在太空直接处理数据，将延迟从数周缩短至秒级。它能支持深空探测（如火星任务），通过太空本地运算避免信号传回地球的漫长等待。 ·fix [fɪks] v. 解决 ·delay [dɪˈleɪ] n. 延迟 ·deep-space [ˌdiːp ˈspeɪs] adj. 深空的 The satellites use laser communication which is super fast (100Gbps!). They also use AI trained on huge data. These tools help track planes and watch for disasters. They can even study space events like gamma-ray bursts. By 2035, China plans to grow the network to 2,800 satellites. This will connect space and ground centers all over the world. 卫星采用超高速激光通信（100Gbps），并运用经海量数据训练的人工智能。这些技术可追踪飞机、监测灾害，甚至研究伽马射线暴等太空事件。中国计划到 2035 年将该网络扩展至 2800 颗卫星，连接全球太空与地面中心。 · laser communication  激光通信（通过激光传输数据的技术） ·gamma-ray burst  伽马射线暴（宇宙中的剧烈爆发现象） ·track [træk] v. 追踪 Professor Wang Jian is a top engineer leading Zhejiang Lab. He said, “Space computing power will change industries. It will help in things like disaster response and city planning.” He led the team that made the satellites’ AI systems. This project shows how new ideas can turn problems into chances. It makes a path for smarter space exploration. 之江实验室首席工程师王建教授表示：“太空计算能力将改变产业格局，助力灾害应对与城市规划。” 他带领团队研发了卫星的人工智能系统。该项目展现了创新如何化问题为机遇，为更智能的太空探索铺路。 · computing power 计算能力（数据处理的效率） ·industry [ˈɪndəstri] n. 工业；产业 ·disaster response  灾害应对（灾害发生后的应急行动） ·exploration [ˌekspləˈreɪʃn] n. 探索 【重、难点词汇梳理】 1. send [send] v. 发送 语境用法：文中 “sent 12 new computing satellites into space” 表示 “将 12 颗新型计算卫星送入太空”，突破 “发送邮件 / 信息” 的日常义，拓展 “发射（卫星）” 的航天语境，核心搭配 “send sth into space”（将某物送入太空），需结合 “rocket（火箭）”“launch（发射）” 等关联词汇理解场景。 2. form [fɔːm] v. 形成；构成 语境用法：“form a strong network” 指 “构成强大的（卫星）网络”，侧重 “抽象系统的建立”，区别于 “form a habit（养成习惯）” 的日常义，搭配 “form a network/system/group”（构成网络 / 系统 / 团队），文中体现多颗卫星协同的技术逻辑。 3. circle [ˈsɜːkl] v. 环绕；绕…… 运行 语境用法：“circle the Earth” 描述卫星 “绕地球运行”，突破 “圆圈” 的名词义，需结合 “orbit（轨道）” 理解动作场景，搭配 “circle + 星球（Earth/moon/Mars）”，是航天主题的关键动作表达。 4. help [help] v. 帮助；助力 语境用法：文中覆盖多场景搭配 ——“help rescue teams（帮助救援队）”“help with deep-space trips（助力深空探测）”“help in disaster response（助力灾害应对）”，既包含 “help sb/sth” 的基础结构，也拓展 “help with/in sth” 的抽象用法，体现 “技术辅助人类活动” 的核心逻辑。 5. waste [weɪst] v. 浪费 语境用法：“wasted a lot of time—70% to 90%—because of slow data sending” 指 “因数据传输慢浪费大量时间”，搭配 “waste time (in) doing sth”（浪费时间做某事），结合 “old-style satellites（老式卫星）” 的低效对比，让学生理解 “浪费” 的具体场景（时间 / 资源）。 6. avoid [əˈvɔɪd] v. 避免；规避 语境用法：“avoids long waits for messages to reach Earth” 表示 “规避信号传回地球的漫长等待”，后接动名词 “avoid doing sth”（避免做某事），突破日常 “avoid mistakes（避免错误）” 的简单义，拓展 “规避抽象问题（delays/risks/wastes）” 的科技语境。 7. plan [plæn] v. 计划；规划 语境用法：“plans to grow the network to 2,800 satellites by 2035” 指 “计划到 2035 年将卫星网络扩展至 2800 颗”，搭配 “plan to do sth”（计划做某事），结合具体数字和时间节点，体现 “未来技术规划” 的表达，帮助学生掌握 “目标 + 时间” 的计划句式。 8. change [tʃeɪndʒ] v. 改变；变革 语境用法：“Space computing power will change industries” 表示 “太空计算能力将变革产业格局”，突破 “更换（衣服）、变化（天气）” 的日常义，拓展 “变革抽象事物（industries/society/technology）” 的深层含义，搭配 “change + 抽象名词”，体现技术对社会的影响。 9. track [træk] v. 追踪；监测 语境用法：“help track planes” 指 “帮助追踪飞机”，是 AI 与卫星结合的具体应用，搭配 “track + 动态目标（planes/satellites/ships）”，区别于 “track a path（跟踪路线）” 的简单义，需理解 “实时监测移动对象” 的技术功能。 10. analyze [ˈænəlaɪz] v. 分析 语境用法：“analyze data quickly” 是卫星的核心功能 ——“快速分析数据”，如 “find forest fires by analyzing data（通过分析数据发现森林火灾）”，搭配 “analyze data/information/samples”（分析数据 / 信息 / 样本），是 “数据处理” 的关键动作，帮助学生建立科技文本的动作认知。 11. delay [dɪˈleɪ] n. 延迟；滞后 语境用法：“cutting delays from weeks to just seconds” 指 “将延迟从数周缩短至秒级”，是新旧卫星对比的核心差异，搭配 “cut/reduce/avoid delays”（减少 / 规避延迟），需结合 “data sending（数据传输）” 理解 “延迟” 的技术含义，避免与 “delay v. 推迟” 混淆。 12. fix [fɪks] v. 解决；修复 语境用法：“The new network fixes this”（新网络解决了这一问题），突破 “修理（物品）” 的基础义，拓展 “解决抽象问题（problems/issues/wastes）”，搭配 “fix a problem/issue”，文中特指 “解决老式卫星的延迟问题”，体现 “技术解决痛点” 的逻辑。 13. network [ˈnetwɜːk] n. 网络 语境用法：从日常 “computer network（电脑网络）” 延伸到 “space computing network（太空计算网络）”“satellite network（卫星网络）”，搭配 “build/grow/connect a network”（构建 / 扩展 / 连接网络），帮助学生理解 “多设备协同的系统” 这一抽象概念，是航天技术的核心名词。 14. rescue [ˈreskjuː] n. 救援 语境用法：“help rescue teams”“make 3D maps of flooded areas to help rescue” 指 “助力救援队开展洪涝救援”，搭配 “rescue teams/operations/missions”（救援队 / 救援行动 / 救援任务），结合灾害场景，让学生掌握 “紧急救助” 的相关表达，关联 “disaster（灾害）” 主题。 15. exploration [ˌekspləˈreɪʃn] n. 探索 语境用法：“make a path for smarter space exploration” 表示 “为更智能的太空探索铺路”，搭配 “space exploration/deep-space exploration”（太空探索 / 深空探索），结合 “Mars trips（火星任务）”，培养学生对 “未知领域考察” 的词汇认知，契合 “科技探索” 的主题。 【长难句分析】 1. This was a big step! It started the world’s first space computing network, which is called the Three-body Computing Constellation. 中文翻译：这是重要的一步！它开启了全球首个太空计算网络，名为 “三体计算星座”。 结构分析： 主句为 “It started the world’s first space computing network”，核心信息是 “开启太空计算网络”； 非限制性定语从句 “which is called...” 修饰 “network”，用 “which” 补充网络名称（八年级重点语法：which 引导定语从句表补充说明）； 语法难点：通过 “called” 的过去分词形式理解被动含义，对应中文 “名为……” 的表达。 2. When they circle the Earth, they can analyze data quickly, for example, finding forest fires in seconds. 中文翻译：当它们绕地球运行时，能快速分析数据，例如在几秒内发现森林火灾。 结构分析： 时间状语从句 “When they circle the Earth” 说明动作发生的条件（八年级重点：when 引导时间从句）； 现在分词短语 “finding forest fires” 作伴随状语，表 “分析数据” 的具体结果（八年级难点：现在分词表伴随 / 结果）； 逻辑关系：通过 “for example” 明确举例说明的逻辑，帮助理解 “快速分析数据” 的实际应用。 3. It works on data while in space, cutting delays from weeks to just seconds. 中文翻译：它在太空中处理数据，将延迟从数周缩短至仅几秒。 结构分析： 主句为 “It works on data”，“while in space” 是省略句，完整形式为 “while it is in space”（八年级语法：状语从句的省略）； 现在分词短语 “cutting delays” 表结果，说明 “太空处理数据” 带来的效果（语法迁移：类似 “increasing speed”“reducing time” 的表达）； 语言特点：“from...to...” 结构清晰呈现变化幅度，适合仿写 “从…… 到……” 的对比句型。 【语篇分析】 本文以 “中国三体计算星座的发射与应用” 为主题，展现太空计算技术的突破。通过 “全球首个太空计算网络”“2035 年扩展至 2800 颗卫星” 等信息，了解中国在航天领域的创新成就，增强对 “科技强国” 的认同感； “连接全球太空与地面中心”，体现中国技术的开放性，理解 “科技合作应对全球挑战” 的理念（如灾害监测、深空探索）。英语学习与航天知识（轨道运行、激光技术）、地理（灾害监测）、数学（万亿次计算）结合，拓展 “科技英语” 的学习边界。 实战演练 一、完形填空 Where are you going for your next holiday? Disneyland? Sea World? Outer space? Some people are now spending a lot of money travelling into space with 1 . The first space tourist was Dennis Tito, a man from the US. In 2001, he 2 $20 million going to the International Space Station. Tito traveled with astronauts on the station 3 about a week. Another space tourist was Anousheh Ansari, an Iranian-American woman. She 4 the International Space Station in 2006. She is the first female space tourist. Space travel may have some 5 . Space tourists have to 6 about radiation (辐射). Air around the earth protects us from 7 radiation from the sun. Radiation from the sun and deep space may do harm to space tourists. 8 problem is space sickness. Without the earth’s gravity (重力) holding them down, tourists fly around inside the International Space Station. It may look 9 on TV, but it can make space tourists sick. 10 , they may feel much better soon. Then they can enjoy themselves and see the beautiful earth. 1．A．astronauts B．doctors C．scientists D．teachers 2．A．took B．cost C．spent D．paid 3．A．in B．for C．through D．with 4．A．climbed B．visited C．covered D．cleaned 5．A．mistakes B．noises C．problems D．accidents 6．A．discover B．laugh C．think D．mix 7．A．dangerous B．warm C．long D．strange 8．A．Others B．The others C．Other D．Another 9．A．hard B．funny C．terrible D．real 10．A．Luckily B．Suddenly C．Exactly D．Traditionally 二、阅读理解 A School Trip: Space Exploration Exhibition (展览) As part of our school’s science research activities, we’re planning a visit to the exciting Space Exploration Exhibition at Guangzhou Science Museum. Students will learn about China’s space achievements through interactive (互动的) exhibits. Exhibition Details * Time: April 29th-30th,2025 (Special school group dates) * Location: Guangzhou Science Museum (Take Metro Line 3 to Science Museum Station Exit B) * Ticket Price: Adults ¥60| Students (with ID) ¥30| Children under 6 Free Exhibition Zone Highlights Activities Moon landing Real moon rocks, Chang’e-5 VR experience Build a mini rocket (for kids) Mars Mission Zhurong rover model Simple robot programming (age 10+) Future Space Tiangong space station 3D models Space quiz with prizes * Special Events • April 29th: My Space Journey—a talk by the Chinese woman astronaut Wang Yaping (free) • April 30th: Telescope observation of Mars (¥20 extra) * Rules for Visitors ✔ School groups must arrive together.  No food/ drinks in exhibition areas. ✔ Photography allowed (no flash). Children under 12 must be accompanied. * To get more information, you can visit the website www. gzsciencemuseum.cn or call at 020-8888123 1．How much should a 15-year-old student pay if he wants to visit the exhibition? A．¥60 B．¥30 C．¥20 D．Free 2．Which activity is NOT in the Moon landing zone? A．Touching real moon rocks. B．Trying a VR experience. C．Building a mini rocket. D．Joining a robot challenge. 3．What can visitors do in the Future Space zone? A．See a Mars rover model. B．See a 3D-printed space station model. C．Watch Mars through telescopes. D．Meet Astronaut Wang Yaping. 4．When is the free astronaut talk? A．On March 10th. B．On April 1st. C．On April 29th. D．On April 30th. 5．Where can we find this passage? A．A school notice. B．A science textbook. C．A news report. D．A travel guide. B The 2022 Winter Olympics were successful. Sportsmen across the world came to Beijing and Zhangjiakou. Winter sports need to be in cold places. So, is it possible to hold the Winter Olympics on other planets? Mercury (水星) It’s the closest planet to the sun. In the daytime, the temperature can be 430℃. At night, it cools down to -200℃. The sun can never reach one area on Mercury. There’s lots of ice there. Maybe we could go skating there! Mars The temperature on Mars is between -140℃ and 30℃. Ice and snow cover some areas all year round. Some of the ice is made of (由……制成) carbon dioxide (二氧化碳), not water. There is also a big mountain called Mount Olympus. So maybe we can ski (滑雪) on Mars. Pluto (冥王星) Pluto is very far away from the sun. It’s really cold there, because the temperature is between -238℃ and -218℃. There’s lots of ice. And the ice is even harder than steel (钢铁). So maybe we could go sledding (滑雪橇) on Pluto. 1．Which planet is the closest to the sun? A．Mercury. B．Mars. C．Pluto. D．Earth. 2．What’s the highest temperature on Mars? A．430℃. B．-140℃. C．30℃. D．-218℃. 3．Which of the following is necessary (必要的) for skiing on Mars? ①ice and snow    ②water    ③a big mountain A．①② B．②③ C．①③ D．② 4．Which of the following is NOT TRUE about Pluto? A．It’s far away from the sun. B．It’s very hot in the daytime. C．The ice there is harder than steel. D．The temperature on Pluto is between -238℃ and -218℃. 5．In which part of a magazine can we read the passage? A．Science. B．Health. C．Music. D．Culture. C China has made great achievements in studying the Moon, with robots still working on the moon. China has also had plans for the coming years, including getting something useful from the moon’s far side. “The year 2024 has been the 20th year since our country started its program to study the Moon. We will care more about the study and use of resources (资源) on the moon,” Yang, a researcher, said. “The first step will be sending large numbers of robots to look for resource-rich places especially those with water. ________ With it, we will be able to grow plants there. And then we will find other resources to use. By that time, humans will be able to set up bases. They can allow long-term robotic controls and humans can stay there for a short time. Astronauts can also work on the moon,” Yang said. Yang said the bases could also be used to refuel spacecraft (给航天器加油) carrying humans to faraway places inside the solar system. “Of course, it will be very difficult but if we can make it happen, then it will be a very important thing to humans on the Earth,” Yang said. He added that Chinese scientists had started making an important system (系统). This system will be able to provide help and services for spaceships travelling between the Earth and the moon. According to Yang, common people will be able to travel between the Earth and the moon in the near future. When moon-connected journeys become easy for common people, the moon will then become mankind’s eighth continent (大陆). 1．Which of the following can we put into the blank? A．Finding water may not be possible for scientists. B．Once we find water, we can start to build our bases there. C．The robots will look for other resources after finding water. D．Water is the most important thing for us if we want to live on the moon. 2．How does Yang like having bases on the moon? A．Easy but meaningless. B．Possible and cheap. C．Easy and useful. D．Difficult but important. 3．According to the passage, which of the following shows the correct order of the events? a. People travel to the moon.         b. China begins moon study. c. Bases are built on the moon.     d. Robots search for moon resources. A．b-a-d-c B．d-b-c-a C．b-d-c-a D．d-c-b-a 4．What does the writer mean in the last paragraph? A．It’s not easy for humans to live on the moon. B．The moon will be a new living place for humans. C．Moon travel will still be difficult for most people. D．The moon has already been a popular tourist place for humans. 5．What would be the best title for the passage? A．The Importance of Water. B．Spacecraft Refueling on the Moon. C．Common People’s Moon Trips. D．From Robots to Future Human Bases. 三、阅读还原 Have you ever thought about how astronauts wash their clothes without gravity (重力)? It’s not easy. Here, I’d like to tell you the reasons why it is hard to wash clothes in space. We know normal washing machines need gravity to work, but there is no gravity in space. Besides, washing machines usually need a lot of water. 1 So astronauts living aboard the International Space Station (ISS) need to take many clothes. According to Newsweek, three astronauts living on the ISS for a year need 657.7 kg of clothing. 2 That’s as heavy as two cars! So, washing these heavy clothes in space is too hard and there’s no washing machine on the ISS now. 3 Russian scientists are making a special washing machine for astronauts to use in space. If scientists make this washing machine, it will make astronauts’ lives much easier. 4 It doesn’t need water. Instead (相反), it collects carbon dioxide (二氧化碳) from the air that the astronauts breathe out. 5 At last, the liquid can help clean clothes. In the future, there’s no need for astronauts to take so many clothes with them to the space station. 根据材料内容，选择恰当的句子填入文中空缺处，使短文意思通顺、内容完整。 A．However, this may not be a problem in the future. B．Because this washing machine is different from the one we use. C．This amount of water is so heavy that the spaceship can’t carry. D．Then, it uses high pressure (压) to turn carbon dioxide into a liquid (液体). E．Six people taking a two-year trip to Mars would need 2, 722 kg of clothes. 四、任务型阅读 Do you remember the last two science classes from the Tiangong space station? Chinese astronauts did many fun experiments in the Tianhe core module (核心舱). (A) __________ Oct 12, three astronauts of the Shenzhou XIV mission—Chen Dong, Liu Yang and Cai Xuzhe—gave a third space class. This time, they moved to a new classroom—the Wentian lab module (实验舱)! What did the astronauts teach? Let’s take a look. Stand up to sleep The beds in the Tianhe module are placed horizontally (横着), but the beds in the Wentian lab module are kept upright (竖着). That means astronauts in the Wentian lab need to sleep standing up! But as Liu Yang said, people don’t feel any difference because there’s no gravity (重力) in space. Astronauts can even sleep on the ceiling or sleep upside down! Drink with a long straw (吸管) Liu Yang drank mango juice with a 2-meter straw easily. But on Earth, it’s very hard to do this (B) __________ the human body can only make small air pressure. Most people’s lungs can only take in water up to one meter high. (D) Unless you are in the space station, you shouldn’t try it. Because it’s bad for your lungs. Lazy water ball When Liu Yang blew at a water ball in space, the ball shook quickly. But after putting a steel ball into the water ball, (C) it became “lazy” and shook much more slowly. The steel ball changed the water ball’s vibration frequency (振动频率). In the past, people would float a leaf in a bucket of water to stop the water from overflowing (溢出). It used the same science. 1．在文中(A)和(B)的空白处填入适当的词： ; 2．文中画线部分(C)指代的是： 3．将文中画线部分(D)改写成： you in the space station, you shouldn’t try it. 4．从文中找出两个宇航员如何在实验舱睡觉的动词短语： 5．从文中找出能说明本文主旨大意的单词或短语： 2 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 2 / 11 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit 6 Earth and Beyond（宇宙探索） 话题阅读精练 模块 语篇 题型 体裁 词数 内容简介 时文阅读 中国太空计算卫星 课外阅读 说明文 220 2025 年 5 月中国发射 12 颗计算卫星，借长征火箭开启全球首个 “三体计算星座”，可在轨处理数据，2035 年计划扩展至 2800 颗卫星。 实战演练 太空旅游与风险 完形填空 记叙文 102 有人花巨资和宇航员太空旅行，如 Dennis Tito（2001 年）、Anousheh Ansari（2006 年），太空旅行面临辐射、太空病等风险。 学校太空展通知 阅读理解 A 应用文（通知） 151 学校 4 月 29-30 日组织参观广州科技馆太空展，学生票 30 元，29 日有王亚平免费讲座，30 日可付费用望远镜观测火星。 行星办冬奥会 B 说明文 98 探讨在其他行星办冬奥会的可能：水星夜晚有冰可滑冰，火星有冰雪和山可滑雪，冥王星极冷冰硬可滑雪橇。 中国月球探索计划 C 说明文 131 中国月球探索成果显著，计划派机器人找水等资源、建基地（可给航天器加油），未来普通人或可登月，月球或成人类第八大陆。 太空洗衣解决方案 阅读还原 说明文 102 太空无重力难洗衣，宇航员需带大量衣服；俄罗斯研发特殊洗衣机，用宇航员呼出的二氧化碳制液体，无需水即可清洁衣服。 第三节太空课 任务阅读 说明文 131 10 月 12 日神舟十四号航天员在问天实验舱上第三节太空课，演示站着睡、用 2 米吸管喝果汁、“懒惰水球” 等实验。 时文阅读 On May 14, 2025, China sent 12 new computing satellites into space. They used a Long March rocket from the Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center. This was a big step! It started the world’s first space computing network. It’s called the Three-body Computing Constellation. The name comes from a physics problem about objects moving in space. These satellites can work right in orbit, not just send data to Earth. 2025 年 5 月 14 日，中国将 12 颗新型计算卫星送入太空。这些卫星通过酒泉卫星发射中心的长征火箭发射，迈出了重大一步 —— 开启了全球首个太空计算网络，名为 “三体计算星座”。其名称源自一个关于太空物体运动的物理问题。这些卫星可直接在轨道运行，而非仅向地球传输数据。 · computing satellite  计算卫星（具备数据处理功能的卫星） ·constellation [ˌkɒnstəˈleɪʃn] n. 卫星群 ·orbit [ˈɔːbɪt] n. 轨道 Zhejiang Lab, Guoxing Aerospace, and other groups made these satellites. Each one can do 744 trillion calculations every second! Together, they form a strong network. When they circle the Earth, they can analyze data quickly. For example, they can find forest fires in seconds. They can also make 3D maps of flooded areas to help rescue teams. Before, old-style satellites took days to do such jobs. 之江实验室、国星宇航等机构联合研制了这些卫星。每颗卫星每秒可完成 744 万亿次计算！它们共同构成强大网络，绕地球运行时能快速分析数据：例如几秒内发现森林火灾，生成洪涝区 3D 地图助力救援。而老式卫星完成此类工作需数天。 ·trillion [ˈtrɪljən] num. 万亿 ·calculation[ˌkælkjuˈleɪʃ(ə)n] n.计算，运算 ·analyze [ˈænəlaɪz] v. 分析 ·rescue [ˈreskjuː] n. 救援 Old satellites wasted a lot of time—70% to 90%—because of slow data sending. The new network fixes this. It works on data while in space, cutting delays from weeks to just seconds. It can help with deep-space trips, like going to Mars. By working in space, it avoids long waits for messages to reach Earth. 老式卫星因数据传输缓慢浪费 70%-90% 时间，而新网络解决了这一问题：在太空直接处理数据，将延迟从数周缩短至秒级。它能支持深空探测（如火星任务），通过太空本地运算避免信号传回地球的漫长等待。 ·fix [fɪks] v. 解决 ·delay [dɪˈleɪ] n. 延迟 ·deep-space [ˌdiːp ˈspeɪs] adj. 深空的 The satellites use laser communication which is super fast (100Gbps!). They also use AI trained on huge data. These tools help track planes and watch for disasters. They can even study space events like gamma-ray bursts. By 2035, China plans to grow the network to 2,800 satellites. This will connect space and ground centers all over the world. 卫星采用超高速激光通信（100Gbps），并运用经海量数据训练的人工智能。这些技术可追踪飞机、监测灾害，甚至研究伽马射线暴等太空事件。中国计划到 2035 年将该网络扩展至 2800 颗卫星，连接全球太空与地面中心。 · laser communication  激光通信（通过激光传输数据的技术） ·gamma-ray burst  伽马射线暴（宇宙中的剧烈爆发现象） ·track [træk] v. 追踪 Professor Wang Jian is a top engineer leading Zhejiang Lab. He said, “Space computing power will change industries. It will help in things like disaster response and city planning.” He led the team that made the satellites’ AI systems. This project shows how new ideas can turn problems into chances. It makes a path for smarter space exploration. 之江实验室首席工程师王建教授表示：“太空计算能力将改变产业格局，助力灾害应对与城市规划。” 他带领团队研发了卫星的人工智能系统。该项目展现了创新如何化问题为机遇，为更智能的太空探索铺路。 · computing power 计算能力（数据处理的效率） ·industry [ˈɪndəstri] n. 工业；产业 ·disaster response  灾害应对（灾害发生后的应急行动） ·exploration [ˌekspləˈreɪʃn] n. 探索 【重、难点词汇梳理】 1. send [send] v. 发送 语境用法：文中 “sent 12 new computing satellites into space” 表示 “将 12 颗新型计算卫星送入太空”，突破 “发送邮件 / 信息” 的日常义，拓展 “发射（卫星）” 的航天语境，核心搭配 “send sth into space”（将某物送入太空），需结合 “rocket（火箭）”“launch（发射）” 等关联词汇理解场景。 2. form [fɔːm] v. 形成；构成 语境用法：“form a strong network” 指 “构成强大的（卫星）网络”，侧重 “抽象系统的建立”，区别于 “form a habit（养成习惯）” 的日常义，搭配 “form a network/system/group”（构成网络 / 系统 / 团队），文中体现多颗卫星协同的技术逻辑。 3. circle [ˈsɜːkl] v. 环绕；绕…… 运行 语境用法：“circle the Earth” 描述卫星 “绕地球运行”，突破 “圆圈” 的名词义，需结合 “orbit（轨道）” 理解动作场景，搭配 “circle + 星球（Earth/moon/Mars）”，是航天主题的关键动作表达。 4. help [help] v. 帮助；助力 语境用法：文中覆盖多场景搭配 ——“help rescue teams（帮助救援队）”“help with deep-space trips（助力深空探测）”“help in disaster response（助力灾害应对）”，既包含 “help sb/sth” 的基础结构，也拓展 “help with/in sth” 的抽象用法，体现 “技术辅助人类活动” 的核心逻辑。 5. waste [weɪst] v. 浪费 语境用法：“wasted a lot of time—70% to 90%—because of slow data sending” 指 “因数据传输慢浪费大量时间”，搭配 “waste time (in) doing sth”（浪费时间做某事），结合 “old-style satellites（老式卫星）” 的低效对比，让学生理解 “浪费” 的具体场景（时间 / 资源）。 6. avoid [əˈvɔɪd] v. 避免；规避 语境用法：“avoids long waits for messages to reach Earth” 表示 “规避信号传回地球的漫长等待”，后接动名词 “avoid doing sth”（避免做某事），突破日常 “avoid mistakes（避免错误）” 的简单义，拓展 “规避抽象问题（delays/risks/wastes）” 的科技语境。 7. plan [plæn] v. 计划；规划 语境用法：“plans to grow the network to 2,800 satellites by 2035” 指 “计划到 2035 年将卫星网络扩展至 2800 颗”，搭配 “plan to do sth”（计划做某事），结合具体数字和时间节点，体现 “未来技术规划” 的表达，帮助学生掌握 “目标 + 时间” 的计划句式。 8. change [tʃeɪndʒ] v. 改变；变革 语境用法：“Space computing power will change industries” 表示 “太空计算能力将变革产业格局”，突破 “更换（衣服）、变化（天气）” 的日常义，拓展 “变革抽象事物（industries/society/technology）” 的深层含义，搭配 “change + 抽象名词”，体现技术对社会的影响。 9. track [træk] v. 追踪；监测 语境用法：“help track planes” 指 “帮助追踪飞机”，是 AI 与卫星结合的具体应用，搭配 “track + 动态目标（planes/satellites/ships）”，区别于 “track a path（跟踪路线）” 的简单义，需理解 “实时监测移动对象” 的技术功能。 10. analyze [ˈænəlaɪz] v. 分析 语境用法：“analyze data quickly” 是卫星的核心功能 ——“快速分析数据”，如 “find forest fires by analyzing data（通过分析数据发现森林火灾）”，搭配 “analyze data/information/samples”（分析数据 / 信息 / 样本），是 “数据处理” 的关键动作，帮助学生建立科技文本的动作认知。 11. delay [dɪˈleɪ] n. 延迟；滞后 语境用法：“cutting delays from weeks to just seconds” 指 “将延迟从数周缩短至秒级”，是新旧卫星对比的核心差异，搭配 “cut/reduce/avoid delays”（减少 / 规避延迟），需结合 “data sending（数据传输）” 理解 “延迟” 的技术含义，避免与 “delay v. 推迟” 混淆。 12. fix [fɪks] v. 解决；修复 语境用法：“The new network fixes this”（新网络解决了这一问题），突破 “修理（物品）” 的基础义，拓展 “解决抽象问题（problems/issues/wastes）”，搭配 “fix a problem/issue”，文中特指 “解决老式卫星的延迟问题”，体现 “技术解决痛点” 的逻辑。 13. network [ˈnetwɜːk] n. 网络 语境用法：从日常 “computer network（电脑网络）” 延伸到 “space computing network（太空计算网络）”“satellite network（卫星网络）”，搭配 “build/grow/connect a network”（构建 / 扩展 / 连接网络），帮助学生理解 “多设备协同的系统” 这一抽象概念，是航天技术的核心名词。 14. rescue [ˈreskjuː] n. 救援 语境用法：“help rescue teams”“make 3D maps of flooded areas to help rescue” 指 “助力救援队开展洪涝救援”，搭配 “rescue teams/operations/missions”（救援队 / 救援行动 / 救援任务），结合灾害场景，让学生掌握 “紧急救助” 的相关表达，关联 “disaster（灾害）” 主题。 15. exploration [ˌekspləˈreɪʃn] n. 探索 语境用法：“make a path for smarter space exploration” 表示 “为更智能的太空探索铺路”，搭配 “space exploration/deep-space exploration”（太空探索 / 深空探索），结合 “Mars trips（火星任务）”，培养学生对 “未知领域考察” 的词汇认知，契合 “科技探索” 的主题。 【长难句分析】 1. This was a big step! It started the world’s first space computing network, which is called the Three-body Computing Constellation. 中文翻译：这是重要的一步！它开启了全球首个太空计算网络，名为 “三体计算星座”。 结构分析： 主句为 “It started the world’s first space computing network”，核心信息是 “开启太空计算网络”； 非限制性定语从句 “which is called...” 修饰 “network”，用 “which” 补充网络名称（八年级重点语法：which 引导定语从句表补充说明）； 语法难点：通过 “called” 的过去分词形式理解被动含义，对应中文 “名为……” 的表达。 2. When they circle the Earth, they can analyze data quickly, for example, finding forest fires in seconds. 中文翻译：当它们绕地球运行时，能快速分析数据，例如在几秒内发现森林火灾。 结构分析： 时间状语从句 “When they circle the Earth” 说明动作发生的条件（八年级重点：when 引导时间从句）； 现在分词短语 “finding forest fires” 作伴随状语，表 “分析数据” 的具体结果（八年级难点：现在分词表伴随 / 结果）； 逻辑关系：通过 “for example” 明确举例说明的逻辑，帮助理解 “快速分析数据” 的实际应用。 3. It works on data while in space, cutting delays from weeks to just seconds. 中文翻译：它在太空中处理数据，将延迟从数周缩短至仅几秒。 结构分析： 主句为 “It works on data”，“while in space” 是省略句，完整形式为 “while it is in space”（八年级语法：状语从句的省略）； 现在分词短语 “cutting delays” 表结果，说明 “太空处理数据” 带来的效果（语法迁移：类似 “increasing speed”“reducing time” 的表达）； 语言特点：“from...to...” 结构清晰呈现变化幅度，适合仿写 “从…… 到……” 的对比句型。 【语篇分析】 本文以 “中国三体计算星座的发射与应用” 为主题，展现太空计算技术的突破。通过 “全球首个太空计算网络”“2035 年扩展至 2800 颗卫星” 等信息，了解中国在航天领域的创新成就，增强对 “科技强国” 的认同感； “连接全球太空与地面中心”，体现中国技术的开放性，理解 “科技合作应对全球挑战” 的理念（如灾害监测、深空探索）。英语学习与航天知识（轨道运行、激光技术）、地理（灾害监测）、数学（万亿次计算）结合，拓展 “科技英语” 的学习边界。 实战演练 一、完形填空 Where are you going for your next holiday? Disneyland? Sea World? Outer space? Some people are now spending a lot of money travelling into space with 1 . The first space tourist was Dennis Tito, a man from the US. In 2001, he 2 $20 million going to the International Space Station. Tito traveled with astronauts on the station 3 about a week. Another space tourist was Anousheh Ansari, an Iranian-American woman. She 4 the International Space Station in 2006. She is the first female space tourist. Space travel may have some 5 . Space tourists have to 6 about radiation (辐射). Air around the earth protects us from 7 radiation from the sun. Radiation from the sun and deep space may do harm to space tourists. 8 problem is space sickness. Without the earth’s gravity (重力) holding them down, tourists fly around inside the International Space Station. It may look 9 on TV, but it can make space tourists sick. 10 , they may feel much better soon. Then they can enjoy themselves and see the beautiful earth. 1．A．astronauts B．doctors C．scientists D．teachers 2．A．took B．cost C．spent D．paid 3．A．in B．for C．through D．with 4．A．climbed B．visited C．covered D．cleaned 5．A．mistakes B．noises C．problems D．accidents 6．A．discover B．laugh C．think D．mix 7．A．dangerous B．warm C．long D．strange 8．A．Others B．The others C．Other D．Another 9．A．hard B．funny C．terrible D．real 10．A．Luckily B．Suddenly C．Exactly D．Traditionally 【答案】 1．A 2．C 3．B 4．B 5．C 6．C 7．A 8．D 9．B 10．A 【导语】本文围绕“太空旅行”这一新兴旅游方式展开，通过具体案例和潜在风险分析，展现了其吸引力与挑战性。 1．句意：有些人现在正和宇航员一起花很多钱去太空旅行。 astronauts宇航员；doctors医生；scientists科学家；teachers老师。根据后文“Tito traveled with astronauts on the station”可知是和宇航员一起旅行，故选A。 2．句意：2001年，他花了2000万美元前往国际空间站。 took花费，主语常为it；cost花费，主语为物；spent花费，主语为人，常用于“spend+时间/金钱+(in) doing sth.”或“spend+时间/金钱+on sth.”结构；paid支付，主语为人，常用于“pay for sth.”结构。根据“he...$20 million going to the International Space Station”可知，此处是“spend+金钱+(in) doing sth.”结构，表示“花费金钱做某事”，故选C。 3．句意：蒂托和空间站上的宇航员一起旅行了大约一个星期。 in后接年/月/季节；for后接一段时间；through通过；with和……一起。根据“about a week”可知，此处表示一段时间，应用for，故选B。 4．句意：2006年，她参观了国际空间站。 climbed爬；visited参观；covered覆盖；cleaned打扫。根据“the International Space Station”可知，此处指参观国际空间站，故选B。 5．句意：太空旅行可能会有一些问题。 mistakes错误；noises噪音；problems问题；accidents事故。根据后文“Space tourists have to...about radiation (辐射).”以及“Another problem is space sickness.”可知，此处指太空旅行可能存在的问题，故选C。 6．句意：太空游客必须考虑辐射问题。 discover发现；laugh笑；think思考；mix混合。根据“about radiation (辐射)”可知，此处是“think about”短语，意为“考虑”，故选C。 7．句意：地球周围的空气保护我们免受来自太阳的危险辐射。 dangerous危险的；warm温暖的；long长的；strange奇怪的。根据“Radiation from the sun and deep space may do harm to space tourists.”可知，来自太阳和深空的辐射对太空游客有害，所以是危险的，故选A。 8．句意：另一个问题是太空病。 Others其他人或物；The others其余的人或物（表示在一个范围内的其他全部）；Other其他的，后接名词复数；Another另一个（三者或三者以上中的另一个）。根据前文“Space travel may have some...”以及“problem is space sickness.”可知，此处指另一个问题，应用another，故选D。 9．句意：这在电视上看起来很有趣，但可能会让太空游客感到恶心。 hard困难的；funny有趣的；terrible可怕的；real真实的。根据“on TV, but it can make space tourists sick”可知，前后是转折关系，虽然看起来有趣，但是会让人恶心，故选B。 10．句意：幸运的是，他们可能很快就会感觉好很多。 Luckily幸运地；Suddenly突然地；Exactly确切地；Traditionally传统地。根据“they may feel much better soon”可知，感觉好很多是幸运的，故选A。 二、阅读理解 A School Trip: Space Exploration Exhibition (展览) As part of our school’s science research activities, we’re planning a visit to the exciting Space Exploration Exhibition at Guangzhou Science Museum. Students will learn about China’s space achievements through interactive (互动的) exhibits. Exhibition Details * Time: April 29th-30th,2025 (Special school group dates) * Location: Guangzhou Science Museum (Take Metro Line 3 to Science Museum Station Exit B) * Ticket Price: Adults ¥60| Students (with ID) ¥30| Children under 6 Free Exhibition Zone Highlights Activities Moon landing Real moon rocks, Chang’e-5 VR experience Build a mini rocket (for kids) Mars Mission Zhurong rover model Simple robot programming (age 10+) Future Space Tiangong space station 3D models Space quiz with prizes * Special Events • April 29th: My Space Journey—a talk by the Chinese woman astronaut Wang Yaping (free) • April 30th: Telescope observation of Mars (¥20 extra) * Rules for Visitors ✔ School groups must arrive together.  No food/ drinks in exhibition areas. ✔ Photography allowed (no flash). Children under 12 must be accompanied. * To get more information, you can visit the website www. gzsciencemuseum.cn or call at 020-8888123 1．How much should a 15-year-old student pay if he wants to visit the exhibition? A．¥60 B．¥30 C．¥20 D．Free 2．Which activity is NOT in the Moon landing zone? A．Touching real moon rocks. B．Trying a VR experience. C．Building a mini rocket. D．Joining a robot challenge. 3．What can visitors do in the Future Space zone? A．See a Mars rover model. B．See a 3D-printed space station model. C．Watch Mars through telescopes. D．Meet Astronaut Wang Yaping. 4．When is the free astronaut talk? A．On March 10th. B．On April 1st. C．On April 29th. D．On April 30th. 5．Where can we find this passage? A．A school notice. B．A science textbook. C．A news report. D．A travel guide. 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．B 4．C 5．A 【导语】本文是学校关于参观广州科学馆太空探索展览的通知。 1．细节理解题。根据“Ticket Price: Adults ¥60| Students (with ID) ¥30| Children under 6 Free”可知，学生（带证件）需支付￥30，15岁属于学生范围。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“Moon landing”中“Real moon rocks, Chang’e-5 VR experience”和“Build a mini rocket (for kids)”可知，D选项“加入机器人挑战。”不包括在内。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据“Future Space”中“Tiangong space station 3D models”可知，能看到3D打印的空间站模型。故选B。 4．细节理解题。根据“April 29th: My Space Journey—a talk by the Chinese woman astronaut Wang Yaping (free)”可知，4月29日为免费讲座时间。故选C。 5．推理判断题。根据“School Trip: Space Exploration Exhibition”以及全文可知，本文是学校关于参观广州科学馆太空探索展览的通知。故选A。 B The 2022 Winter Olympics were successful. Sportsmen across the world came to Beijing and Zhangjiakou. Winter sports need to be in cold places. So, is it possible to hold the Winter Olympics on other planets? Mercury (水星) It’s the closest planet to the sun. In the daytime, the temperature can be 430℃. At night, it cools down to -200℃. The sun can never reach one area on Mercury. There’s lots of ice there. Maybe we could go skating there! Mars The temperature on Mars is between -140℃ and 30℃. Ice and snow cover some areas all year round. Some of the ice is made of (由……制成) carbon dioxide (二氧化碳), not water. There is also a big mountain called Mount Olympus. So maybe we can ski (滑雪) on Mars. Pluto (冥王星) Pluto is very far away from the sun. It’s really cold there, because the temperature is between -238℃ and -218℃. There’s lots of ice. And the ice is even harder than steel (钢铁). So maybe we could go sledding (滑雪橇) on Pluto. 1．Which planet is the closest to the sun? A．Mercury. B．Mars. C．Pluto. D．Earth. 2．What’s the highest temperature on Mars? A．430℃. B．-140℃. C．30℃. D．-218℃. 3．Which of the following is necessary (必要的) for skiing on Mars? ①ice and snow    ②water    ③a big mountain A．①② B．②③ C．①③ D．② 4．Which of the following is NOT TRUE about Pluto? A．It’s far away from the sun. B．It’s very hot in the daytime. C．The ice there is harder than steel. D．The temperature on Pluto is between -238℃ and -218℃. 5．In which part of a magazine can we read the passage? A．Science. B．Health. C．Music. D．Culture. 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．C 4．B 5．A 【导语】本文主要介绍了水星、火星和冥王星的自然环境。 1．细节理解题。根据“Mercury (水星) It’s the closest planet to the sun.”可知，水星距离太阳最近。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据“The temperature on Mars is between -140℃ and 30℃.”可知，火星上的最高温度是30℃。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据“Ice and snow cover some areas all year round. Some of the ice is made of (由……制成) carbon dioxide (二氧化碳), not water. There is also a big mountain called Mount Olympus.”可知，在火星上滑雪要有冰雪和高山，不需要水。故选C。 4．细节理解题。根据“It’s really cold there, because the temperature is between -238℃ and -218℃.”可知，冥王星整天整夜都很冷。故选B。 5．推理判断题。本文主要介绍了水星、火星和冥王星的自然环境，所以可以在科学部分看到。故选A。 C China has made great achievements in studying the Moon, with robots still working on the moon. China has also had plans for the coming years, including getting something useful from the moon’s far side. “The year 2024 has been the 20th year since our country started its program to study the Moon. We will care more about the study and use of resources (资源) on the moon,” Yang, a researcher, said. “The first step will be sending large numbers of robots to look for resource-rich places especially those with water. ________ With it, we will be able to grow plants there. And then we will find other resources to use. By that time, humans will be able to set up bases. They can allow long-term robotic controls and humans can stay there for a short time. Astronauts can also work on the moon,” Yang said. Yang said the bases could also be used to refuel spacecraft (给航天器加油) carrying humans to faraway places inside the solar system. “Of course, it will be very difficult but if we can make it happen, then it will be a very important thing to humans on the Earth,” Yang said. He added that Chinese scientists had started making an important system (系统). This system will be able to provide help and services for spaceships travelling between the Earth and the moon. According to Yang, common people will be able to travel between the Earth and the moon in the near future. When moon-connected journeys become easy for common people, the moon will then become mankind’s eighth continent (大陆). 1．Which of the following can we put into the blank? A．Finding water may not be possible for scientists. B．Once we find water, we can start to build our bases there. C．The robots will look for other resources after finding water. D．Water is the most important thing for us if we want to live on the moon. 2．How does Yang like having bases on the moon? A．Easy but meaningless. B．Possible and cheap. C．Easy and useful. D．Difficult but important. 3．According to the passage, which of the following shows the correct order of the events? a. People travel to the moon.         b. China begins moon study. c. Bases are built on the moon.     d. Robots search for moon resources. A．b-a-d-c B．d-b-c-a C．b-d-c-a D．d-c-b-a 4．What does the writer mean in the last paragraph? A．It’s not easy for humans to live on the moon. B．The moon will be a new living place for humans. C．Moon travel will still be difficult for most people. D．The moon has already been a popular tourist place for humans. 5．What would be the best title for the passage? A．The Importance of Water. B．Spacecraft Refueling on the Moon. C．Common People’s Moon Trips. D．From Robots to Future Human Bases. 【答案】1．D 2．D 3．C 4．B 5．D 【导语】本文主要介绍了中国在月球探索方面取得的成就和未来计划。 1．推理判断题。根据“The first step will be sending large numbers of robots to look for resource- rich places especially those with water.”可知，此处提到要先找到有水的地方，故水是很重要的，选项D“如果我们想在月球上生活，水对我们来说是最重要的。”符合语境。故选D。 2．推理判断题。根据“Of course, it will be very difficult but if we can make it happen, then it will be a very important thing to humans on the earth,”可知，杨认为在月球建立基地是有挑战性但是有用。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据“We will care more about the study and use of resources (资源) on the moon,”“The first step will be sending large numbers of robots to look for resource- rich places especially those with water.”“humans will be able to set up bases.”及“common people will be able to travel between the earth and the moon in the near future.”可知，正确顺序为：中国开始研究月球，机器人搜寻月球资源，基地建在月球上，人们去月球旅行。故选C。 4．推理判断题。根据“According to Yang, common people will be able to travel between the earth and the moon in the near future.”可知，在不久的将来，普通人将能够在地球和月球之间旅行，也就是月球将是人类的新居住地。故选B。 5．最佳标题题。根据“China has made great achievements in studying the moon, with robots still working on the moon. China has also had plans for the coming years, including getting something useful from the moon’s far side.”及通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了中国在月球探索方面取得的成就及未来计划， 将派遣机器人去寻找资源丰富的地方并建立基地，故“从机器人到未来的人类基地”符合本文标题。故选D。 三、阅读还原 Have you ever thought about how astronauts wash their clothes without gravity (重力)? It’s not easy. Here, I’d like to tell you the reasons why it is hard to wash clothes in space. We know normal washing machines need gravity to work, but there is no gravity in space. Besides, washing machines usually need a lot of water. 1 So astronauts living aboard the International Space Station (ISS) need to take many clothes. According to Newsweek, three astronauts living on the ISS for a year need 657.7 kg of clothing. 2 That’s as heavy as two cars! So, washing these heavy clothes in space is too hard and there’s no washing machine on the ISS now. 3 Russian scientists are making a special washing machine for astronauts to use in space. If scientists make this washing machine, it will make astronauts’ lives much easier. 4 It doesn’t need water. Instead (相反), it collects carbon dioxide (二氧化碳) from the air that the astronauts breathe out. 5 At last, the liquid can help clean clothes. In the future, there’s no need for astronauts to take so many clothes with them to the space station. 根据材料内容，选择恰当的句子填入文中空缺处，使短文意思通顺、内容完整。 A．However, this may not be a problem in the future. B．Because this washing machine is different from the one we use. C．This amount of water is so heavy that the spaceship can’t carry. D．Then, it uses high pressure (压) to turn carbon dioxide into a liquid (液体). E．Six people taking a two-year trip to Mars would need 2, 722 kg of clothes. 【答案】1．C 2．E 3．A 4．B 5．D 【导语】本文介绍了俄罗斯科学家正在制造一种宇航员在太空中使用的特殊洗衣机，这将使宇航员的生活更加轻松。 1．根据“Besides, washing machines usually need a lot of water.”可知，说的是洗衣机需要大量的水，选项C“这些水太重了，以至于宇宙飞船无法携带。”符合语境。故选C。 2．根据“According to Newsweek, three astronauts living on the ISS for a year need 657.7 kg of clothing”可知，说的是宇航员在国际空间站生活一年需要的衣服，选项E“六个人去火星旅行两年需要2722公斤衣服。”符合语境。故选E。 3．根据“So, washing these heavy clothes in space is too hard and there’s no washing machine on the ISS now.”可知，说的是在太空中洗衣服很困难，选项A“不过，这在未来可能不是问题。”符合语境。故选A。 4．根据“washing machines usually need a lot of water.”及“It doesn’t need water.”可知，说的是这台洗衣机和以往的洗衣机不同，选项B“因为这台洗衣机和我们用的不一样。”符合语境。故选B。 5．根据“Instead (相反), it collects carbon dioxide (二氧化碳) from the air that the astronauts breathe out.”可知，说的是太空洗衣机如何工作，选项D“然后，它利用高压将二氧化碳变成液体。”符合语境。故选D。 四、任务型阅读 Do you remember the last two science classes from the Tiangong space station? Chinese astronauts did many fun experiments in the Tianhe core module (核心舱). (A) __________ Oct 12, three astronauts of the Shenzhou XIV mission—Chen Dong, Liu Yang and Cai Xuzhe—gave a third space class. This time, they moved to a new classroom—the Wentian lab module (实验舱)! What did the astronauts teach? Let’s take a look. Stand up to sleep The beds in the Tianhe module are placed horizontally (横着), but the beds in the Wentian lab module are kept upright (竖着). That means astronauts in the Wentian lab need to sleep standing up! But as Liu Yang said, people don’t feel any difference because there’s no gravity (重力) in space. Astronauts can even sleep on the ceiling or sleep upside down! Drink with a long straw (吸管) Liu Yang drank mango juice with a 2-meter straw easily. But on Earth, it’s very hard to do this (B) __________ the human body can only make small air pressure. Most people’s lungs can only take in water up to one meter high. (D) Unless you are in the space station, you shouldn’t try it. Because it’s bad for your lungs. Lazy water ball When Liu Yang blew at a water ball in space, the ball shook quickly. But after putting a steel ball into the water ball, (C) it became “lazy” and shook much more slowly. The steel ball changed the water ball’s vibration frequency (振动频率). In the past, people would float a leaf in a bucket of water to stop the water from overflowing (溢出). It used the same science. 1．在文中(A)和(B)的空白处填入适当的词： ; 2．文中画线部分(C)指代的是： 3．将文中画线部分(D)改写成： you in the space station, you shouldn’t try it. 4．从文中找出两个宇航员如何在实验舱睡觉的动词短语： 5．从文中找出能说明本文主旨大意的单词或短语： 【答案】36． On because 37．the water ball 38． If aren’t 39． sleep standing up sleep on the ceiling/sleep upside down 40．(a third) space class 【导语】本文主要介绍了中国宇航员在太空中给学生们上的科学课。 1．根据“Oct 12”可知，在具体某一天，应用介词on，句首单词首字母大写；根据“it’s very hard to do this (B) ... the human body can only make small air pressure.”可知，句子前后是前果后因的关系，用because引导原因状语从句。故填On；because。 2．根据“But after putting a steel ball into the water ball, (C) it became ‘lazy’ and shook much more slowly.”可知，说的是钢球放入水球后水球变得慢了，所以it指代前句的“the water ball”。故填the water ball。 3．根据“Unless you are in the space station, you shouldn’t try it.”可知，unless“除非，如果不”，引导条件状语从句，等同于“if ... not”，句首单词首字母大写，否定在be动词are后加not，缩写为aren’t。故填If；aren’t。 4．根据“That means astronauts in the Wentian lab need to sleep standing up!”可知，宇航员需要站着睡觉；根据“Astronauts can even sleep on the ceiling or sleep upside down!”可知，宇航员甚至可以睡在天花板上或倒挂着睡。故填sleep standing up；sleep on the ceiling/sleep upside down。 5．根据“three astronauts of the Shenzhou XIV mission—Chen Dong, Liu Yang and Cai Xuzhe—gave a third space class.”可知，本文主要讲述了宇航员在太空给学生们上的第三节太空课，因此说明主旨的短语为“(a third) space class”。故填(a third) space class。 2 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 2 / 11 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$