Unit 4 Exploring literature 探索文学（话题阅读精练）英语译林版2020必修第二册

Unit 4 Exploring literature 探索文学 (话题：文学) 话题阅读精练 单元引言解读 Great literature is simply language charged with meaning to the utmost possible degree. —Ezra Pound 伟大的文学只不过是在最大程度上承载意义的语言。 ——埃兹拉·庞德 主题词汇积累 1.文学类型(Literary Genres) •Novel(小说) •Poem(诗歌) •Drama/Play(戏剧) •Short story(短篇小说) •Essay(散文) •Biography(传记) •Autobiography(自传) •Epic(史诗) •Sonnet(十四行诗) •Haiku(俳句) 2.文学元素(Literary Elements) •Plot(情节) •Character(人物) •Setting(背景) •Theme(主题) •Conflict(冲突) •Point of view(视角) •Dialogue(对话) •Narrative(叙述) •Tone(语气) •Mood(氛围) 3.文学技巧/修辞手法(Literary Techniques/Devices) •Metaphor(隐喻) •Simile(明喻) •Personification(拟人) •Hyperbole(夸张) •Understatement(低调陈述) •Irony(反讽) •Symbolism(象征) •Alliteration(头韵) •Assonance(腹韵) •Onomatopoeia(拟声词) 4.文学流派/运动(Literary Movements/Genres) •Romanticism(浪漫主义) •Realism(现实主义) •Naturalism(自然主义) •Modernism(现代主义) •Postmodernism(后现代主义) •Gothic literature(哥特文学) •Magical realism(魔幻现实主义) •Stream of consciousness(意识流) •Beat Generation(垮掉的一代) •Transcendentalism(超验主义) 5.文学理论与批评(Literary Theory & Criticism) •Structuralism(结构主义) •Post-structuralism(后结构主义) •Feminist criticism(女性主义批评) •Marxist criticism(马克思主义批评) •Psychoanalytic criticism(精神分析批评) •New Historicism(新历史主义) •Reader-response theory(读者反应理论) •Deconstruction(解构主义) 时文拓展阅读 The novel Journey to the West has undergone numerous adaptations and has captured the imagination of Chinese people to this day. Central to all Journey to the West stories is a theme of pilgrimage(朝圣), which immediately raises a question regarding the nature of the novel: What is the journey really about? Traditional scholars tried to stress its connections with different religious and philosophical doctrines. For example, all these teachings highlight the role of the “xin” — a Chinese word for mind and heart — in self-cultivation. In the early 20th century, Chinese scholar Hu Shi criticized traditional allegorical interpretations, which he feared would make the novel seem less approachable for the general public. There has been a long tradition in Chinese culture that associates the image of a monkey with the human mind. On the one hand, a monkey often symbolizes a restless mind, calling for discipline and cultivation. On the other hand, an active mind also opens up the opportunity to challenge the status quo(现状) and even transcend it, progressing to a higher state. The Monkey King in the novel demonstrates this dual dimension of the mind. He vividly displays adaptability in exploring uncharted territories and adjusting to changing circumstances — and learning to rely on teamwork and self-discipline, not merely his magic powers. The Monkey King’s behaving like a human, from arrogance to fear, endows(赋予) him with universal appeal. Readers gradually witness his self-improvement, revealing a common human quest. They may frown upon how the Monkey King is entrapped within his own ego, yet respect his courage in challenging authority and battling adversity. While his naughty tricks give a good laugh, his loyalty to the monk Xuanzang and his sense of righteousness make a lasting impression. Reviewing Waley’s Monkey in 1943, Chinese-American writer Helena Kuo commented on the pilgrims, “Humanity would have missed a great deal if they had been exemplary characters.” Indeed, each one depicts humanity’s quest for a better self, particularly the main character. 语篇翻译： 小说《西游记》经过多次改编，至今仍激发着中国人的想象力。 所有《西游记》故事的中心都是一个关于朝圣的主题，这立刻引发了一个关于小说本质的问题：这个旅程到底是关于什么的？ 传统学者试图强调它与不同宗教和哲学教义的联系。例如，所有这些教义都强调了“心”在自我修养中的作用。在20世纪初，中国学者胡适批评了传统的寓言解释，他担心这种解释会使小说对普通大众来说显得不那么平易近人。 在中国文化中有一个悠久的传统，把猴子的形象与人类的思想联系在一起。一方面，猴子通常象征着不安的心灵，要求纪律和修养。另一方面，一个活跃的头脑也为挑战现状甚至超越现状提供了机会，从而达到更高的境界。 小说中的孙悟空展现了这种思维的双重维度。在探索未知领域和适应不断变化的环境方面，他生动地展示了自己的适应能力，并学会了依靠团队合作和自律，而不仅仅是他的魔力。 孙悟空表现得像个人类，从傲慢到恐惧，赋予了他普遍的吸引力。读者逐渐见证了他的自我完善，揭示了人类共同的追求。他们可能不赞成孙悟空被自己的自我所困，但却尊重他挑战权威和战胜逆境的勇气。虽然他淘气的把戏让人开怀大笑，但他对玄奘的忠诚和正义感却给人留下了深刻的印象。 美籍华裔作家海伦娜·郭(Helena Kuo)在1943年评论韦利的《猴子》(Monkey)时评论这些朝圣者：“如果他们是模范人物，人类将会错过很多。”的确，每一部电影都描绘了人类对更好的自我的追求，尤其是主角。 重点词汇： 1. adaptation n. 改编；适应 2. imagination n. 想象力 3. theme n. 主题 4. religious adj. 宗教的 5. philosophical adj. 哲学的 6. self - cultivation n. 自我修养 7. allegorical adj. 寓言性的 8. interpretation n. 解释；阐释 9. restless adj. 焦躁不安的 10. discipline n. 纪律；v. 训练 11. transcend v. 超越 12. adaptability n. 适应能力 13. uncharted adj. 未知的；未被勘探的 14. circumstance n. 情况；环境 15. arrogance n. 傲慢 16. quest n. 追求；探索 长难句分析: 1. In the early 20th century, Chinese scholar Hu Shi criticized traditional allegorical interpretations, which he feared would make the novel seem less approachable for the general public. 分析：本句是主从复合句。In the early 20th century是时间状语，句子主干为Chinese scholar Hu Shi criticized traditional allegorical interpretations，which引导非限定性定语从句，修饰先行词interpretations，在这个定语从句中，he feared是插入语，从句的真正谓语是would make，the novel是宾语，seem less approachable for the general public是宾语补足语。 翻译：在20世纪初，中国学者胡适批评了传统的寓言式解读，他担心这种解读会让这部小说对普通大众来说显得不那么容易理解。 2. The Monkey King in the novel demonstrates this dual dimension of the mind. He vividly displays adaptability in exploring uncharted territories and adjusting to changing circumstances — and learning to rely on teamwork and self - discipline, not merely his magic powers. 分析：这是两个句子。第一个句子是主谓宾结构，The Monkey King是主语，in the novel是后置定语修饰The Monkey King，demonstrates是谓语，this dual dimension of the mind是宾语。第二个句子中，He是主语，displays是谓语，adaptability是宾语，in exploring uncharted territories and adjusting to changing circumstances以及learning to rely on teamwork and self - discipline, not merely his magic powers是后置定语，修饰adaptability，说明适应能力体现在哪些方面。 翻译：小说中的孙悟空展现了心智的这两个维度。他生动地展现了在探索未知领域、适应不断变化的环境方面的适应能力——并且学会依靠团队合作和自律，而不仅仅是他的魔力。 高考真题链接 (2024·全国高考甲卷·D)话题:文学作品的结局　 词数:351　　 难度:　★★★★ “I didn’t like the ending,” I said to my favorite college professor.It was my junior year of undergraduate, and I was doing an independent study on Victorian literature. I had just finished reading The Mill on the Floss by George Eliot, and I was heartbroken with the ending. Prof.Gracie, with all his patience, asked me to think about it beyond whether I liked it or not.He suggested I think about the difference between endings that I wanted for the characters and endings that were right for the characters, endings that satisfied the story even if they didn’t have a traditionally positive outcome.Of course, I would have preferred a different ending for Tom and Maggie Tulliver, but the ending they got did make the most sense for them. This was an aha moment for me, and I never thought about endings the same way again.From then on, if I wanted to read an ending guaranteed to be happy, I’d pick up a love romance.If I wanted an ending I couldn’t guess, I’d pick up a mystery (悬疑小说).One where I kind of knew what was going to happen, historical fiction.Choosing what to read became easier. But writing the end—that’s hard.It’s hard for writers because endings carry so much weight with readers.You have to balance creating an ending that’s unpredictable, but doesn’t seem to come from nowhere, one that fits what’s right for the characters. That’s why this issue (期) of Writer’s Digest aims to help you figure out how to write the best ending for whatever kind of writing you’re doing.If it’s short stories, Peter Mountford breaks down six techniques you can try to see which one helps you stick the landing.Elizabeth Sims analyzes the final chapters of five great novels to see what key points they include and how you can adapt them for your work. This issue won’t tell you what your ending should be—that’s up to you and the story you’re telling—but it might provide what you need to get there. 32. Why did the author go to Prof.Gracie? A.To discuss a novel. B.To submit a book report. C.To argue for a writer. D.To ask for a reading list. 33. What did the author realize after seeing Prof. Gracie? A.Writing is a matter of personal preferences. B.Readers are often carried away by characters. C.Each type of literature has its unique ending. D.A story which begins well will end well. 34. What is expected of a good ending? A.It satisfies readers’ taste. B.It fits with the story development. C.It is usually positive. D.It is open for imagination. 35. Why does the author mention Peter Mountford and Elizabeth Sims? A.To give examples of great novelists. B.To stress the theme of this issue. C.To encourage writing for the magazine. D.To recommend their new books. ( 1. He suggested I think about the difference between endings that I wanted for the characters and endings that were right for the characters, endings that satisfied the story even if they didn’t have a traditionally positive outcome. 分析 : 本句是一个主从复合句。 suggested 后面跟了一个宾语从句 , 宾语从句的引导词 that 省略。宾语从句中包含三个定语从句 : 第一个 endings 后面跟了一个 that 引导的定语从句 , 修饰第一个 endings; 第二个 endings 后面跟了 that 引导的定语从句 , 修饰第二个 endings; 第三个 endings 后面跟了 that 引导的定语从句 , 修饰第三个 endings 。 even if 引导让步状语从句。 翻译 : 他建议我考虑一下我想要的角色的结局和适合角色的结局 , 以及一些即使没有传统上积极的结果 , 但满足了故事的结局之间的区别。 2. You have to balance creating an ending that’s unpredictable, but doesn’t seem to come from nowhere, one that fits what’s right for the characters. 分析：本句中 You 是主语， have to balance 是谓语， creating an ending 是宾语。 that’s unpredictable, but doesn’t seem to come from nowhere 是定语从句，修饰 an ending 。 one 指代前面的 ending ， that fits what’s right for the characters 是定语从句，修饰 one ，其中 what’s right for the characters 是宾语从句，作 fits 的宾语。 翻译： 你必须在创造一个既出人意料又并非凭空而来的结局，以及一个适合角色的结局之间找到平衡。 ) ( 1. undergraduate n . 本科生 2. heartbroken adj . 心碎的 3. patience n . 耐心 4. character n . 角色 5. outcome n . 结果 6. prefer v . 更喜欢 7. mystery n . 悬疑小说 8. weight n . 重要性；分量 9. balance v . 平衡 10. technique n . 技巧 ) 综合实战演练 Passage 1 “Over the hill, I discovered no one was waiting…” These touching lyrics, shared during an award speech, have struck a chord across Chinese social media. At the Lijiang Literary Awards, novelist Liu Chuxin tearfully accepted the Fiction Category prize, weaving a story of love, loss, and literary persistence that left the audience in tears. Liu, 34, first met his girlfriend while pursuing a PhD at Wuhan University in 2017. Consumed by literary ambitions, his college life circled around writing, with even walks with his girlfriend being interrupted by the urge to write. “Sometimes during a walk, I’d suddenly fall silent. She’d ask, ‘Do you need to go back and write? And I’d say yes,” Liu recalled. Though supportive, she once warned him, “If one day you win an award but we’re no longer here… you’ll understand.” Her words, echoing the lyric about emptiness, became a painful prophecy(预言). In 2021, after four years together, she passed away from stomach cancer. Among her things, Liu found a letter: “Turn your pain into a great work.” On stage, his throat tightened, he admitted, “I’d trade all my awards for just one more ordinary day with her.” Born in Jingzhou, Hubei, Liu’s writing journey began at 13, marked by years of rejections. “Each submission taught me to improve,” he said. His award-winning novel, Quagmire, went through countless revisions from its first draft in 2016 to its completion in 2024. “The major character in my book remains trapped,” he noted, “but I managed to stand up again, both in writing and in life.” He emphasized the need for further refinement and exploration of new genres. Addressing aspiring writers, Liu shared his twenty-year journey: “Make peace with literature at the right time. Not everyone needs to be Tolstoy, and the view isn’t only best from the summit.” He also called for more support for new voices in literature. He concluded his acceptance speech by sharing his late girlfriend’s lasting gift: “One experiences many sufferings in life, but, looking back, they become legends.” A message, he said, for all persevering on their path. 1. What does the underlined phrase “struck a chord” in Paragraph 1 mean? A. Made loud noises. B. Spread musical notes. C. Caused heated arguments. D. Created emotional responses. 2. What does Liu’s description of their walks indicate? A. Their walks inspired his novel’s plot. B. His girlfriend disliked his writing habits. C. He gave priority to his literary inspiration. D. He balanced writing and relationships effectively. 3. Which statement matches Liu’s advice to aspiring writers in Paragraph 5? A. Writers should compete fiercely to reach literary heights like Tolstoy. B. New literary voices are less important as they haven’t reached their writing summit. C. It’s crucial to pursue perfection in literature and aim for extraordinary achievements. D. Writers should accept being ordinary, and recognize the value of diverse perspectives. 4. What is the theme of the text? A. The power of love in overcoming difficulties in writing. B. The importance of academic research in fostering literary talent. C. The challenges of balancing career ambitions with romantic relationships. D. The connection between personal hardships and literary resilience. Passage 2 It’s no secret that literature is powerful. For many of us, there have been times in our lives — a loved one’s passing, our first heartbreak — that we couldn’t have made it through without a few extraordinary books, poems, or perhaps even just a few words strung together. We knew the connective power of literature all along, but now there’s science behind it. A number of studies have shown that poetry provides a number of benefits for patients suffering from long-term and life-threatening illnesses. A randomized clinical trial, which set out to “evaluate the effect of passive listening to music and poetry on the variation in pain, depression, and hope scores” of 75 adult patients, came back with fascinating results. Researchers discovered that music and poetry both lessened pain intensity and depression, but only poetry increased hope scores. After listening to poems, one participant said, “I feel calmer when I hear those words. Sadness passes. They are important words; they show me that I’m not alone.” What is it about those words that gives them the power to keep sadness away, and, moreover, to bring peace and comfort? As reported in Nautilus, “Poetry has a structure, which is something we can experience with our bodies.” Researchers find that while poetry won’t cure the disease, it can help patients deal with the pain, both physical and emotional, associated with the illness. Treatment is important, but what physicians tend to forget is that healing is equally crucial for successful recovery. And healing is not just a matter of the body, but one of the mind and spirit, too. In the context of terminal illness, communication between patient and physician extends beyond mere descriptions of physical pain, and transcends to more personal, and even more difficult to express conditions, such as mood, morale, and tiredness. Through poetry, doctors are able to better understand the mental state of their patients and as a result, better aid patients in the healing or treatment process. 5. What did the clinical trial’s researchers find? A. Music proved ineffective in easing patients’ pain. B. Music raised patients’ hopes of a speedy recovery. C. Poetry could help cure severe diseases. D. Poetry helped to relieve pain and depression and give hope. 6. What did one participant’s words show? A. Poems often bore hidden meanings. B. Poems should be experienced first-hand. C. Poems had a surprisingly calming influence. D. Poems played a connective role among patients. 7. What can be inferred from the last two paragraphs? A. Patients’ spirit matters the most in the healing process. B. Poetry enables doctors to connect with patients emotionally. C. Poetry can serve as an immediate treatment for most diseases. D. Patients’ self-experimentation for a cure should be encouraged. 8. What is the author’s main purpose in writing this passage? A. To introduce the latest scientific research methods in medical treatment. B. To prove that literature is more effective than medical treatment for patients. C. To emphasize the therapeutic power of poetry for patients. D. To encourage doctors to use more literature works in their daily treatment. Passage 3 Sandra Cisneros’s The House on Mango Street is a coming-of-age novel told through a series of vignettes. The story follows the observations and feelings of Esperanza Cordero, a Mexican-American girl growing up in a poor Latino neighborhood in Chicago. Esperanza longs for a home of her own — one that represents stability, beauty, and freedom — but the house on Mango Street symbolizes none of these. Instead, it reflects her family’s struggles with poverty and societal marginalization(边缘化). Throughout the book, Esperanza observes the lives of those around her. She witnesses the trapped existence of women in her community, such as her friend Sally, who marries young to escape abuse but loses her independence. These observations shape Esperaza’ s desire to break free from cultural expectations. Writing becomes her tool for self-expression and liberation. Though she feels a deep connection to her neighborhood, she swears, “I will not belong to Mango Street, but it will belong to me.” The novel blends (混合) poetic language with raw honesty, addressing themes of identity, gender roles, and the immigrant experience. Cisneros uses symbolic elements, like the recurring image of windows (representing both imprisonment and hope), to highlight the tension between dreams and reality. While Esperanza’s journey is deeply personal, it also speaks to universal struggles of finding one’s voice and place in the world. 9. The word “vignettes” in paragraph 1 most likely means ________. A. long, vivid chapters B. short, descriptive scenes C. poetic rhymes D. historical facts 10. What can be inferred about Esperanza’s future? A. She will remain trapped in poverty forever. B. She will likely leave Mango Street to pursue her dreams. C. She will reject her cultural heritage entirely. D. She will prioritize culture expectation over independence. 11. Which can best describe Sandra Cisero’s writing style in The House on Mango Street? A. Realistic and humorous. B. Dark and suspenseful. C. Poetic and symbolic. D. Emotional and normal. 12. What is the article about? A. A chapter in The House on Mango Street. B. An evaluation of Sandra Cisneros. C. An academic essay analyzing Latino literature. D. A book review of The House on Mango Street. Passage 4 Can science fiction tell us about the future? Setting aside aliens and spaceships, much contemporary science fiction is concerned with themes such as the impact of artificial intelligence, the danger of ecological collapse and the misuse of corporate power. In all these cases, science fiction writers are taking advantage of the freedom that this type of writing gives them to think about ongoing concerns and picture what they might lead to in the future, coming to surprising and thought-provoking conclusions. All of those do have some predictive value. It means science fiction can play a useful role as a way to predict technological, social and political trends — but in the near term, not the distant future in which it is often set. This is the first of three ways in which science fiction can give us a glimpse of the future. The second is that it can help broaden the mind when assessing future scenarios(设想) for planning purposes, both in government and in business. France’s Defence Innovation Agency is setting up a “red team” of sci-fi writers to propose scenarios that might not have occurred to military planners. Arup, an engineering firm, commissioned Tim Maughan, a science-fiction writer, to create four scenarios of what everyday life might look like as a result of climate change. Tech giants including Google, Microsoft and Apple have also employed sci-fi writers as consultants, using a process sometimes called “design fiction.” And then the third one is more direct: by inspiring people in the tech industry who want to make these fictions a reality. The creation of the mobile phone at Motorola was motivated by the handheld wireless communicators from Star Trek, and Amazon’s Alexa voice-assistant by the talking computer on the Enterprise. The Kindle was inspired by an electronic-book device in Neal Stephenson’s novel The Diamond Age, and an entire industry is trying to bring to life the virtual world he described in Snow Crash. The future technology leaders are certainly reading science fiction today. 13. What does the author think of science fiction? A. It focuses mainly on aliens and spaceships. B. It explores current issues to imagine the future. C. It addresses the contemporary existing problems. D. It aims to predict technological progress in the future. 14. Why do the government and the business hire sci-fi writers? A. To give support to their creations. B. To better understand science fiction. C. To benefit from their expansive imagination. D. To enhance their influence and commercial value. 15. How does the last paragraph show the impact of science fiction? A. By listing main points. B. By giving examples. C. By analyzing causes. D. By explaining a concept. 16. What is the main idea about the text? A. Why is science fiction gaining popularity? B. Science fiction provides insights into the future. C. How does science fiction broaden people’s vision? D. Science fiction serves as an inspiration for inventions. Passage 5 Do you ever feel guilty(负罪感的) when you lose yourself in a novel for hours? Do you ever feel bad for choosing a novel over your textbooks? You may say yes because reading novels is always viewed as a way to kill time. 1 They show reading novels can develop our emotional intelligence, improve concentration and build creativity. As we read, we are deeply involved in the joy, sadness, and success of characters. 2 In this way, novels help develop emotional intelligence and social skills to build better relations. 3 Regular novel readers are reported to do better in focus test than those non-readers. This is because following the complex plot requires readers’ involvement. Therefore, they can keep their attention fixed. Also, novels create the perfect environment for creativity. In the movies, we often long for a happy ending. Have you noticed that fiction often embraces open endings? They invite readers to imagine beyond the last page. 4 A novel is not just for fun. 5 It may be secret study fuel. So next time you feel even a tiny bit guilty for picking up a novel instead of a textbook, consider the above benefits of reading novels. A. It is a great tool to learn. B. This is where creativity unfolds. C. Creativity is the lifeblood of novels. D. But researches suggest different results. E. Reading a novel sharpens concentration too. F. Actually, it is simply a form of entertainment. G. This deep connection helps us better understand others. Passage 6 Try writing your own stories Creative writing is a fun way to express your thoughts and emotions. One typical form is a short story. A story is like a playground for your imagination. 6 You may know or not know what your story would be like. That’s OK. Sometimes it can feel frightening to write a story because you have an idea of what the story has to be. 7 Creative writing doesn’t have to follow traditional rules. When inspiration hits you, be ready to write down the idea. 8 Think about who you would like it to be, whether a person, an animal, or a mythical creature. Next, develop your character by answering a few questions: What does my character love and fear? What does my character want? Deciding your character’s ambitions in life will be the engine that drives your story. Then you can put barriers in their way to add drama or humor to your story. Once you know what your character wants, you can add drama or humor to your story by putting barriers in their way. This is where writing a story gets really fun. 9 Ask yourself if you want your story to be serious or silly. If you’ re stuck for ideas about the barriers, think of the funniest, oddest thing you ever did. Writing isn’t meant to be perfect the first time. 10 Try reading the first draft of your story out loud, and share it with a trusted family member or friend. Does it make sense and get the reaction you have in mind? If not, you can go back to your story and make changes to get it to a place you’re happy with. A. That’s why we have drafts and revisions. B. So you are likely to give up your inspiration. C. It’s a great place to experiment and try new ideas. D. A great place to begin any story is with a main character. E. But there is no right or wrong when you’re writing a story. F. This is also when you can decide on the tone of your story. G. The more characters you create, the funnier your story will be. Passage 7 (江苏省苏州市姑苏区第十中学2024-2025学年高一年级第二学期3月月考英语试题)Two hundred years ago the English poet William Wordsworth wrote I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud, a poem that was inspired when he came across a field of daffodils(水仙花). It 1 a basic spirit of early English Romanticism(浪漫主义). What makes this poem a(n) 2 of Romantic thinking? It isn’t that Wordsworth 3 to write about a natural scene: it is the way he describes the scene as if it had human 4 . For him, nature is not only a neutral(无感情色彩的) 5 of scenery, colors, plants, rocks, soil, water and air. It is a 6 force that feels joy and sadness and even tries to educate us human beings and show us the beauty of life. Wordsworth’s home is now one of the most popular 7 in the Lake District. You can go on a tour of the garden where wild flowers still 8 now regardless of the change of the time. The place, where Wordsworth saw the daffodils, is at the southernmost end of the lake. When you are walking in the 9 of William from two centuries ago, the first group of daffodils appear, but they aren’t tall yellow trumpets(小号状的花) 10 swinging in the gentle wind as described in Wordsworth’s 11 . They are just tiny wild daffodils grouped around individual trees rather than 12 together. But as you look north, from beside a huge ancient oak tree, you realize this is what 13 Wordsworth: group after group of daffodils, spread out to left and right but coming together in your sight so that they 14 a beautiful, pale yellow carpet. What you’re seeing at last is nature transformed by human sight and 15 . 1. A. expresses B. raises C. breaks D. compares 2. A. cause B. series C. example D. proposal 3. A. volunteers B. chooses C. refuses D. hesitates 4. A. identities B. emotions C. appearances D. characters 5. A. balance B. shape C. pattern D. mixture 6. A. violent B. economic C. physical D. living 7. A. masterpieces B. destinations C. activities D. performances 8. A. shakes B. escapes C. survives D. responds 9. A. footprint B. direction C. possession D. charge 10. A. proudly B. casually C. sharply D. regularly 11. A. sight B. mind C. memory D. poem 12. A. floating B. waiting C. collecting D. trembling 13. A. confused B. delighted C. persuaded D. confirmed 14. A. form B. decorate C. destroy D. change 15. A. capability B. flexibility C. expectation D. imagination Passage 8 I started writing poetry just after hitting my teens. Then I quickly fell in love with the artistry, wordplay, and rhythmic challenge of 16 poems. A few years later, it 17 to me that I should be reading poetry, so I looked at a few books of poetry but 18 nothing that spoke to me. For years afterward, I 19 to write poetry but did not read the works of established poets. 20 , I eventually went to college, where I was forced to read poetry and finally found 21 and poets that resonated(共鸣) with me. It’s not unusual to 22 young poets who don’t read poetry. Some say they don’t want their work to be 23 by other poets, but many have faced the same 24 I did: they haven’t been able to find poetry that they like. As a young poet, most of the works I encountered were 25 to me. I didn’t care about the topics, and the language felt 26 . A lot of it was form poetry, and I have since discovered that I 27 free-form. It was like digging down a massive mountain to 28 a few small, sparkly gems(宝石). Frankly, it took too much 29 to find one poet or poem that interested me. But that was back before the Internet. Nowadays, it’s much easier to 30 the available works of poetry to find the good stuff. 16. A. crafting B. appreciating C. observing D. reciting 17. A. applied B. happened C. occurred D. referred 18. A. created B. wrote C. learned D. found 19. A. refused B. continued C. afforded D. pretended 20. A. Fortunately B. Basically C. Naturally D. Reasonably 21. A. resources B. partners C. means D. works 22. A. admire B. encounter C. criticize D. persuade 23. A. imitated B. envied C. influenced D. possessed 24. A. opportunity B. defeat C. process D. difficulty 25. A. irrelevant B. unfamiliar C. complicated D. adoptable 26. A. vivid B. outdated C. accurate D. brief 27. A. copy B. hide C. prefer D. doubt 28. A. polish B. strike C. design D. unearth 29. A. courage B. effort C. consumption D. expectation 30. A. stare at B. turn down C. scan through D. account for Passage 9 Yilin Press, a Chinese publisher, sold the French copyright(版权) of the first graphic(连环画) novel adaptation of The Three-Body Problem at the 2025 London Book Fair. So far, The Three-Body trilogy(三部曲) 1 (translate) into 38 languages, selling over 30 million copies worldwide and winning nine major international science fiction 2 (award), including the Hugo Award for Best Novel in 2015. The graphic adaptation will cover the trilogy in six books, all of 3 will be published over the next five to six years. The first book, 4 (launch) in January during the 37th Beijing Book Fair, covers a long storyline. It starts with the moment when Ye Wenjie sends a signal into space 5 ends with Operation Guzhen, an important UN military mission 6 (recover) messages sent by the creatures from outer space. In addition to the French edition the graphic novel’s copyrights have also been sold to Spain and Germany, 7 talks for more editions going on. Ji Yu, an editor in Yilin Press, said that broadening the reach of top Chinese sci-fi works to a 8 (wide) audience is an important step. Robin Jolly, a French editor, expressed that they are looking forward to 9 (present) this adaptation to the French-speaking world, confident that it will offer French readers 10 great feast for eyes. Passage 10 A poetic inscription(题词) is a special form of poetry 11 (write) by the artist or others in the blank space of a Chinese painting. These 12 (word) express the emotions of the author, explore artistic insights, or praise the artistic vision behind the painting. Often, poems 13 (compose) within the painting, and seals are also stamped in the painting. This unique art form combines poetry, calligraphy, painting, and seals into one, allowing people 14 (enjoy) the beauty of art through reading poems, viewing paintings, and 15 (appreciate) poetry. Since the Song Dynasty, the literati painting(文人画) began to emerge, and the tradition of poetic inscriptions gradually formed. The literati painting, 16 was created by Chinese scholars and literati, differs from the traditional painting in that it emphasizes elegance and an 17 (education) atmosphere rather than precise descriptions of reality. In that era, painters were primarily poets or writers who had 18 deep understanding of literature and regarded literary thinking 19 an essential requirement for painting. While not all paintings require poetic inscriptions, at the appropriate moment, a poem can enhance the artistic value of a painting, 20 (perfect) combining the worlds of painting and poetry. ( 14 / 14 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit 4 Exploring literature 探索文学 (话题：文学) 话题阅读精练 单元引言解读 Great literature is simply language charged with meaning to the utmost possible degree. —Ezra Pound 伟大的文学只不过是在最大程度上承载意义的语言。 ——埃兹拉·庞德 主题词汇积累 1.文学类型(Literary Genres) •Novel(小说) •Poem(诗歌) •Drama/Play(戏剧) •Short story(短篇小说) •Essay(散文) •Biography(传记) •Autobiography(自传) •Epic(史诗) •Sonnet(十四行诗) •Haiku(俳句) 2.文学元素(Literary Elements) •Plot(情节) •Character(人物) •Setting(背景) •Theme(主题) •Conflict(冲突) •Point of view(视角) •Dialogue(对话) •Narrative(叙述) •Tone(语气) •Mood(氛围) 3.文学技巧/修辞手法(Literary Techniques/Devices) •Metaphor(隐喻) •Simile(明喻) •Personification(拟人) •Hyperbole(夸张) •Understatement(低调陈述) •Irony(反讽) •Symbolism(象征) •Alliteration(头韵) •Assonance(腹韵) •Onomatopoeia(拟声词) 4.文学流派/运动(Literary Movements/Genres) •Romanticism(浪漫主义) •Realism(现实主义) •Naturalism(自然主义) •Modernism(现代主义) •Postmodernism(后现代主义) •Gothic literature(哥特文学) •Magical realism(魔幻现实主义) •Stream of consciousness(意识流) •Beat Generation(垮掉的一代) •Transcendentalism(超验主义) 5.文学理论与批评(Literary Theory & Criticism) •Structuralism(结构主义) •Post-structuralism(后结构主义) •Feminist criticism(女性主义批评) •Marxist criticism(马克思主义批评) •Psychoanalytic criticism(精神分析批评) •New Historicism(新历史主义) •Reader-response theory(读者反应理论) •Deconstruction(解构主义) 时文拓展阅读 The novel Journey to the West has undergone numerous adaptations and has captured the imagination of Chinese people to this day. Central to all Journey to the West stories is a theme of pilgrimage(朝圣), which immediately raises a question regarding the nature of the novel: What is the journey really about? Traditional scholars tried to stress its connections with different religious and philosophical doctrines. For example, all these teachings highlight the role of the “xin” — a Chinese word for mind and heart — in self-cultivation. In the early 20th century, Chinese scholar Hu Shi criticized traditional allegorical interpretations, which he feared would make the novel seem less approachable for the general public. There has been a long tradition in Chinese culture that associates the image of a monkey with the human mind. On the one hand, a monkey often symbolizes a restless mind, calling for discipline and cultivation. On the other hand, an active mind also opens up the opportunity to challenge the status quo(现状) and even transcend it, progressing to a higher state. The Monkey King in the novel demonstrates this dual dimension of the mind. He vividly displays adaptability in exploring uncharted territories and adjusting to changing circumstances — and learning to rely on teamwork and self-discipline, not merely his magic powers. The Monkey King’s behaving like a human, from arrogance to fear, endows(赋予) him with universal appeal. Readers gradually witness his self-improvement, revealing a common human quest. They may frown upon how the Monkey King is entrapped within his own ego, yet respect his courage in challenging authority and battling adversity. While his naughty tricks give a good laugh, his loyalty to the monk Xuanzang and his sense of righteousness make a lasting impression. Reviewing Waley’s Monkey in 1943, Chinese-American writer Helena Kuo commented on the pilgrims, “Humanity would have missed a great deal if they had been exemplary characters.” Indeed, each one depicts humanity’s quest for a better self, particularly the main character. 语篇翻译： 小说《西游记》经过多次改编，至今仍激发着中国人的想象力。 所有《西游记》故事的中心都是一个关于朝圣的主题，这立刻引发了一个关于小说本质的问题：这个旅程到底是关于什么的？ 传统学者试图强调它与不同宗教和哲学教义的联系。例如，所有这些教义都强调了“心”在自我修养中的作用。在20世纪初，中国学者胡适批评了传统的寓言解释，他担心这种解释会使小说对普通大众来说显得不那么平易近人。 在中国文化中有一个悠久的传统，把猴子的形象与人类的思想联系在一起。一方面，猴子通常象征着不安的心灵，要求纪律和修养。另一方面，一个活跃的头脑也为挑战现状甚至超越现状提供了机会，从而达到更高的境界。 小说中的孙悟空展现了这种思维的双重维度。在探索未知领域和适应不断变化的环境方面，他生动地展示了自己的适应能力，并学会了依靠团队合作和自律，而不仅仅是他的魔力。 孙悟空表现得像个人类，从傲慢到恐惧，赋予了他普遍的吸引力。读者逐渐见证了他的自我完善，揭示了人类共同的追求。他们可能不赞成孙悟空被自己的自我所困，但却尊重他挑战权威和战胜逆境的勇气。虽然他淘气的把戏让人开怀大笑，但他对玄奘的忠诚和正义感却给人留下了深刻的印象。 美籍华裔作家海伦娜·郭(Helena Kuo)在1943年评论韦利的《猴子》(Monkey)时评论这些朝圣者：“如果他们是模范人物，人类将会错过很多。”的确，每一部电影都描绘了人类对更好的自我的追求，尤其是主角。 重点词汇： 1. adaptation n. 改编；适应 2. imagination n. 想象力 3. theme n. 主题 4. religious adj. 宗教的 5. philosophical adj. 哲学的 6. self - cultivation n. 自我修养 7. allegorical adj. 寓言性的 8. interpretation n. 解释；阐释 9. restless adj. 焦躁不安的 10. discipline n. 纪律；v. 训练 11. transcend v. 超越 12. adaptability n. 适应能力 13. uncharted adj. 未知的；未被勘探的 14. circumstance n. 情况；环境 15. arrogance n. 傲慢 16. quest n. 追求；探索 长难句分析: 1. In the early 20th century, Chinese scholar Hu Shi criticized traditional allegorical interpretations, which he feared would make the novel seem less approachable for the general public. 分析：本句是主从复合句。In the early 20th century是时间状语，句子主干为Chinese scholar Hu Shi criticized traditional allegorical interpretations，which引导非限定性定语从句，修饰先行词interpretations，在这个定语从句中，he feared是插入语，从句的真正谓语是would make，the novel是宾语，seem less approachable for the general public是宾语补足语。 翻译：在20世纪初，中国学者胡适批评了传统的寓言式解读，他担心这种解读会让这部小说对普通大众来说显得不那么容易理解。 2. The Monkey King in the novel demonstrates this dual dimension of the mind. He vividly displays adaptability in exploring uncharted territories and adjusting to changing circumstances — and learning to rely on teamwork and self - discipline, not merely his magic powers. 分析：这是两个句子。第一个句子是主谓宾结构，The Monkey King是主语，in the novel是后置定语修饰The Monkey King，demonstrates是谓语，this dual dimension of the mind是宾语。第二个句子中，He是主语，displays是谓语，adaptability是宾语，in exploring uncharted territories and adjusting to changing circumstances以及learning to rely on teamwork and self - discipline, not merely his magic powers是后置定语，修饰adaptability，说明适应能力体现在哪些方面。 翻译：小说中的孙悟空展现了心智的这两个维度。他生动地展现了在探索未知领域、适应不断变化的环境方面的适应能力——并且学会依靠团队合作和自律，而不仅仅是他的魔力。 高考真题链接 (2024·全国高考甲卷·D)话题:文学作品的结局　 词数:351　　 难度:　★★★★ “I didn’t like the ending,” I said to my favorite college professor.It was my junior year of undergraduate, and I was doing an independent study on Victorian literature. I had just finished reading The Mill on the Floss by George Eliot, and I was heartbroken with the ending. Prof.Gracie, with all his patience, asked me to think about it beyond whether I liked it or not.He suggested I think about the difference between endings that I wanted for the characters and endings that were right for the characters, endings that satisfied the story even if they didn’t have a traditionally positive outcome.Of course, I would have preferred a different ending for Tom and Maggie Tulliver, but the ending they got did make the most sense for them. This was an aha moment for me, and I never thought about endings the same way again.From then on, if I wanted to read an ending guaranteed to be happy, I’d pick up a love romance.If I wanted an ending I couldn’t guess, I’d pick up a mystery (悬疑小说).One where I kind of knew what was going to happen, historical fiction.Choosing what to read became easier. But writing the end—that’s hard.It’s hard for writers because endings carry so much weight with readers.You have to balance creating an ending that’s unpredictable, but doesn’t seem to come from nowhere, one that fits what’s right for the characters. That’s why this issue (期) of Writer’s Digest aims to help you figure out how to write the best ending for whatever kind of writing you’re doing.If it’s short stories, Peter Mountford breaks down six techniques you can try to see which one helps you stick the landing.Elizabeth Sims analyzes the final chapters of five great novels to see what key points they include and how you can adapt them for your work. This issue won’t tell you what your ending should be—that’s up to you and the story you’re telling—but it might provide what you need to get there. 32. Why did the author go to Prof.Gracie? A.To discuss a novel. B.To submit a book report. C.To argue for a writer. D.To ask for a reading list. 33. What did the author realize after seeing Prof. Gracie? A.Writing is a matter of personal preferences. B.Readers are often carried away by characters. C.Each type of literature has its unique ending. D.A story which begins well will end well. 34. What is expected of a good ending? A.It satisfies readers’ taste. B.It fits with the story development. C.It is usually positive. D.It is open for imagination. 35. Why does the author mention Peter Mountford and Elizabeth Sims? A.To give examples of great novelists. B.To stress the theme of this issue. C.To encourage writing for the magazine. D.To recommend their new books. 【文章大意】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章谈到如何写故事结尾,围绕文学作品结尾的创作进行探讨,为学生平时欣赏文学作品和开展写作练习提供了有益建议。 32. A。 细节理解题。根据第一段内容可知,作者在大学三年级时正在进行一项关于维多利亚文学的独立研究,并刚刚读完乔治·艾略特的《弗洛斯河上的磨坊》。他去找教授讨论小说的结局。故选A。 33. C 。推理判断题。根据第二段内容可知,作者在教授的启发下意识到,不同类型的文学作品有其特有的结局。如果想要一个保证是幸福的结局,就读爱情小说;如果想要一个猜不出的结局,就读悬疑小说。每种类型的文学作品都有其独特的结局。故选C。 34. B。 细节理解题。根据第三段“You have to balance creating an ending that’s unpredictable, but doesn’t seem to come from nowhere, one that fits what’s right for the characters.”可知,你必须平衡创造一个不可预测,但似乎又不是凭空而来的结局,要适合角色的结局。因此人们对一个好结局的期望是符合故事的发展。故选B。 35. B。 推理判断题。根据第四段内容可知,作者提到Peter Mountford和Elizabeth Sims是为了说明本期Writer’s Digest杂志的主题,即帮助读者了解如何写出一个好的结尾。故选B。 ( 1. He suggested I think about the difference between endings that I wanted for the characters and endings that were right for the characters, endings that satisfied the story even if they didn’t have a traditionally positive outcome. 分析 : 本句是一个主从复合句。 suggested 后面跟了一个宾语从句 , 宾语从句的引导词 that 省略。宾语从句中包含三个定语从句 : 第一个 endings 后面跟了一个 that 引导的定语从句 , 修饰第一个 endings; 第二个 endings 后面跟了 that 引导的定语从句 , 修饰第二个 endings; 第三个 endings 后面跟了 that 引导的定语从句 , 修饰第三个 endings 。 even if 引导让步状语从句。 翻译 : 他建议我考虑一下我想要的角色的结局和适合角色的结局 , 以及一些即使没有传统上积极的结果 , 但满足了故事的结局之间的区别。 2. You have to balance creating an ending that’s unpredictable, but doesn’t seem to come from nowhere, one that fits what’s right for the characters. 分析：本句中 You 是主语， have to balance 是谓语， creating an ending 是宾语。 that’s unpredictable, but doesn’t seem to come from nowhere 是定语从句，修饰 an ending 。 one 指代前面的 ending ， that fits what’s right for the characters 是定语从句，修饰 one ，其中 what’s right for the characters 是宾语从句，作 fits 的宾语。 翻译： 你必须在创造一个既出人意料又并非凭空而来的结局，以及一个适合角色的结局之间找到平衡。 ) ( 1. undergraduate n . 本科生 2. heartbroken adj . 心碎的 3. patience n . 耐心 4. character n . 角色 5. outcome n . 结果 6. prefer v . 更喜欢 7. mystery n . 悬疑小说 8. weight n . 重要性；分量 9. balance v . 平衡 10. technique n . 技巧 ) 综合实战演练 Passage 1 “Over the hill, I discovered no one was waiting…” These touching lyrics, shared during an award speech, have struck a chord across Chinese social media. At the Lijiang Literary Awards, novelist Liu Chuxin tearfully accepted the Fiction Category prize, weaving a story of love, loss, and literary persistence that left the audience in tears. Liu, 34, first met his girlfriend while pursuing a PhD at Wuhan University in 2017. Consumed by literary ambitions, his college life circled around writing, with even walks with his girlfriend being interrupted by the urge to write. “Sometimes during a walk, I’d suddenly fall silent. She’d ask, ‘Do you need to go back and write? And I’d say yes,” Liu recalled. Though supportive, she once warned him, “If one day you win an award but we’re no longer here… you’ll understand.” Her words, echoing the lyric about emptiness, became a painful prophecy(预言). In 2021, after four years together, she passed away from stomach cancer. Among her things, Liu found a letter: “Turn your pain into a great work.” On stage, his throat tightened, he admitted, “I’d trade all my awards for just one more ordinary day with her.” Born in Jingzhou, Hubei, Liu’s writing journey began at 13, marked by years of rejections. “Each submission taught me to improve,” he said. His award-winning novel, Quagmire, went through countless revisions from its first draft in 2016 to its completion in 2024. “The major character in my book remains trapped,” he noted, “but I managed to stand up again, both in writing and in life.” He emphasized the need for further refinement and exploration of new genres. Addressing aspiring writers, Liu shared his twenty-year journey: “Make peace with literature at the right time. Not everyone needs to be Tolstoy, and the view isn’t only best from the summit.” He also called for more support for new voices in literature. He concluded his acceptance speech by sharing his late girlfriend’s lasting gift: “One experiences many sufferings in life, but, looking back, they become legends.” A message, he said, for all persevering on their path. 1. What does the underlined phrase “struck a chord” in Paragraph 1 mean? A. Made loud noises. B. Spread musical notes. C. Caused heated arguments. D. Created emotional responses. 2. What does Liu’s description of their walks indicate? A. Their walks inspired his novel’s plot. B. His girlfriend disliked his writing habits. C. He gave priority to his literary inspiration. D. He balanced writing and relationships effectively. 3. Which statement matches Liu’s advice to aspiring writers in Paragraph 5? A. Writers should compete fiercely to reach literary heights like Tolstoy. B. New literary voices are less important as they haven’t reached their writing summit. C. It’s crucial to pursue perfection in literature and aim for extraordinary achievements. D. Writers should accept being ordinary, and recognize the value of diverse perspectives. 4. What is the theme of the text? A. The power of love in overcoming difficulties in writing. B. The importance of academic research in fostering literary talent. C. The challenges of balancing career ambitions with romantic relationships. D. The connection between personal hardships and literary resilience. 【答案】1. D 2. C 3. D 4. D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作家刘楚昕从女友离世之痛中淬炼文学成就的历程，通过获奖演讲片段、爱情回忆与创作经历，揭示生命苦难如何转化为艺术持久力。 1. 词句猜测题。根据画线部分的下文“At the Lijiang Literary Awards, novelist Liu Chuxin tearfully accepted the Fiction Category prize, weaving a story of love, loss, and literary persistence that left the audience in tears. (在漓江文学奖颁奖典礼上，小说家刘楚昕含泪领取了虚构类奖项。他讲述了一个关于爱情、失去与文学坚守的故事，令在场观众无不落泪)”可知，刘楚昕讲述的故事让在场观众落泪，可见动人的歌词“引发了广泛情感共鸣”，画线部分意思应该是“引发情感回应”。故选D项。 2. 推理判断题。根据第二段中刘楚昕所说的话“Sometimes during a walk, I’d suddenly fall silent. She’d ask, ‘Do you need to go back and write? And I’d say yes (有时候散步途中，我会突然陷入沉默。她总会问：“是不是要回去写作了？”而我只能回答：“是的。”)”可知，刘楚昕会因突发创作灵感而提出中止约会，这表明他将文学灵感置于恋爱互动之上。故选C项。 3. 推理判断题。根据第五段中刘楚昕所说的话“Make peace with literature at the right time. Not everyone needs to be Tolstoy, and the view isn’t only best from the summit. (在合适的时机与文学和解。不是人人都必须成为托尔斯泰，风景也不只在顶峰才最美)”可推知，他主张接受平凡，认可多元写作视角的价值。故选D项。 4. 推理判断题。根据第三段中“Among her things, Liu found a letter: “Turn your pain into a great work.” On stage, his throat tightened, he admitted, “I’d trade all my awards for just one more ordinary day with her.” (在刘整理她的遗物时，发现了一封信：“将你的痛苦转化为伟大的作品。”站在舞台上，他喉头发紧，坦言道：“我愿用所有奖项，只换与她再共度平凡的一天。”)”、第四段中“Born in Jingzhou, Hubei, Liu’s writing journey began at 13, marked by years of rejections. (刘出生于湖北荆州，13岁便开始了写作之路，期间历经多年退稿的挫折)”、“His award-winning novel, Quagmire, went through countless revisions from its first draft in 2016 to its completion in 2024. (他获奖的小说《泥潭》从2016年的初稿到2024年完成的过程中经历了无数次的修改)”和最后一段中““One experiences many sufferings in life, but, looking back, they become legends.” A message, he said, for all persevering on their path. (“人生会经历许多苦难，但回首时，它们终将化为传奇。”他说，这句话献给所有在坚持前行的人们)”可知，刘楚昕将女友离世的痛苦转化为创作动力，多次退稿仍坚持修改小说，强调苦难终成传奇，这些展现了个人苦难与文学坚韧的联系。故选D项。 Passage 2 It’s no secret that literature is powerful. For many of us, there have been times in our lives — a loved one’s passing, our first heartbreak — that we couldn’t have made it through without a few extraordinary books, poems, or perhaps even just a few words strung together. We knew the connective power of literature all along, but now there’s science behind it. A number of studies have shown that poetry provides a number of benefits for patients suffering from long-term and life-threatening illnesses. A randomized clinical trial, which set out to “evaluate the effect of passive listening to music and poetry on the variation in pain, depression, and hope scores” of 75 adult patients, came back with fascinating results. Researchers discovered that music and poetry both lessened pain intensity and depression, but only poetry increased hope scores. After listening to poems, one participant said, “I feel calmer when I hear those words. Sadness passes. They are important words; they show me that I’m not alone.” What is it about those words that gives them the power to keep sadness away, and, moreover, to bring peace and comfort? As reported in Nautilus, “Poetry has a structure, which is something we can experience with our bodies.” Researchers find that while poetry won’t cure the disease, it can help patients deal with the pain, both physical and emotional, associated with the illness. Treatment is important, but what physicians tend to forget is that healing is equally crucial for successful recovery. And healing is not just a matter of the body, but one of the mind and spirit, too. In the context of terminal illness, communication between patient and physician extends beyond mere descriptions of physical pain, and transcends to more personal, and even more difficult to express conditions, such as mood, morale, and tiredness. Through poetry, doctors are able to better understand the mental state of their patients and as a result, better aid patients in the healing or treatment process. 5. What did the clinical trial’s researchers find? A. Music proved ineffective in easing patients’ pain. B. Music raised patients’ hopes of a speedy recovery. C. Poetry could help cure severe diseases. D. Poetry helped to relieve pain and depression and give hope. 6. What did one participant’s words show? A. Poems often bore hidden meanings. B. Poems should be experienced first-hand. C. Poems had a surprisingly calming influence. D. Poems played a connective role among patients. 7. What can be inferred from the last two paragraphs? A. Patients’ spirit matters the most in the healing process. B. Poetry enables doctors to connect with patients emotionally. C. Poetry can serve as an immediate treatment for most diseases. D. Patients’ self-experimentation for a cure should be encouraged. 8. What is the author’s main purpose in writing this passage? A. To introduce the latest scientific research methods in medical treatment. B. To prove that literature is more effective than medical treatment for patients. C. To emphasize the therapeutic power of poetry for patients. D. To encourage doctors to use more literature works in their daily treatment. 【答案】5. D 6. C 7. B 8. C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了诗歌对患者的治疗作用及相关研究结果。 5. 细节理解题。根据第二段中“Researchers discovered that music and poetry both lessened pain intensity and depression, but only poetry increased hope scores. (研究人员发现，音乐和诗歌都能减轻疼痛强度和抑郁，但只有诗歌提高了希望分数)”可知，诗歌有助于缓解疼痛和抑郁，并给予希望。故选D。 6. 细节理解题。根据第三段中“After listening to poems, one participant said, ‘I feel calmer when I hear those words. Sadness passes. They are important words; they show me that I’m not alone.’(一位参与者在听完诗歌后说：‘听到那些话，我感觉更平静了。悲伤消散了。那些话语意义非凡，它们让我明白自己并不孤单。’)”可推知，诗歌具有令人惊讶的镇定作用。故选C。 7. 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“Treatment is important, but what physicians tend to forget is that healing is equally crucial for successful recovery. And healing is not just a matter of the body, but one of the mind and spirit, too. (治疗很重要，但医生们往往会忘记，康复对于成功痊愈同样至关重要。而且，康复不仅仅关乎身体，还关乎心理与精神)”以及最后一段中“Through poetry, doctors are able to better understand the mental state of their patients and as a result, better aid patients in the healing or treatment process. (通过诗歌，医生能够更好地理解病人的精神状态，从而更好地帮助病人治愈或治疗)”可推知，诗歌使医生能够与病人建立情感联系。故选B。 8. 推理判断题。根据第二段中“A number of studies have shown that poetry provides a number of benefits for patients suffering from long-term and life-threatening illnesses. (多项研究表明，诗歌能给患有长期疾病和危及生命疾病的患者带来诸多益处)”及全文内容可知，文章主要介绍了诗歌对病人具有治疗作用，通过科学研究和实例证明了诗歌能够缓解疼痛、减轻抑郁并给予希望。因此作者的写作目的是强调诗歌对患者的治疗力量。故选C。 Passage 3 Sandra Cisneros’s The House on Mango Street is a coming-of-age novel told through a series of vignettes. The story follows the observations and feelings of Esperanza Cordero, a Mexican-American girl growing up in a poor Latino neighborhood in Chicago. Esperanza longs for a home of her own — one that represents stability, beauty, and freedom — but the house on Mango Street symbolizes none of these. Instead, it reflects her family’s struggles with poverty and societal marginalization(边缘化). Throughout the book, Esperanza observes the lives of those around her. She witnesses the trapped existence of women in her community, such as her friend Sally, who marries young to escape abuse but loses her independence. These observations shape Esperaza’ s desire to break free from cultural expectations. Writing becomes her tool for self-expression and liberation. Though she feels a deep connection to her neighborhood, she swears, “I will not belong to Mango Street, but it will belong to me.” The novel blends (混合) poetic language with raw honesty, addressing themes of identity, gender roles, and the immigrant experience. Cisneros uses symbolic elements, like the recurring image of windows (representing both imprisonment and hope), to highlight the tension between dreams and reality. While Esperanza’s journey is deeply personal, it also speaks to universal struggles of finding one’s voice and place in the world. 9. The word “vignettes” in paragraph 1 most likely means ________. A. long, vivid chapters B. short, descriptive scenes C. poetic rhymes D. historical facts 10. What can be inferred about Esperanza’s future? A. She will remain trapped in poverty forever. B. She will likely leave Mango Street to pursue her dreams. C. She will reject her cultural heritage entirely. D. She will prioritize culture expectation over independence. 11. Which can best describe Sandra Cisero’s writing style in The House on Mango Street? A. Realistic and humorous. B. Dark and suspenseful. C. Poetic and symbolic. D. Emotional and normal. 12. What is the article about? A. A chapter in The House on Mango Street. B. An evaluation of Sandra Cisneros. C. An academic essay analyzing Latino literature. D. A book review of The House on Mango Street. 【答案】9. B 10. B 11. C 12. D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了桑德拉·希斯内罗丝的小说《芒果街上的小屋》，该小说通过诗意的短篇叙事，刻画墨西哥裔女孩Esperanza在芝加哥贫民区的成长经历，探讨身份、性别与移民困境，并展现她通过写作追求自由的决心。 9. 词句猜测题。根据画线词的上文“Sandra Cisneros’s The House on Mango Street is a coming-of-age novel (桑德拉·希斯内罗丝的《芒果街上的小屋》是一部成长小说)”和下文“The story follows the observations and feelings of Esperanza Cordero, a Mexican-American girl growing up in a poor Latino neighborhood in Chicago. (这部小说通过墨西哥裔美国女孩Esperanza Cordero的观察与感受展开叙述，她在芝加哥一个贫困的拉丁裔社区中成长)”可知，《芒果街上的小屋》是一部成长小说，与poetic rhymes“诗意的韵律”及historical facts“历史事实”无关，且小说的叙述是基于主人公碎片化的生活观察，因此画线词意思应该是“简短而具描述性的片段”。故选B项。 10. 推理判断题。根据第二段中“These observations shape Esperaza’ s desire to break free from cultural expectations. Writing becomes her tool for self-expression and liberation. Though she feels a deep connection to her neighborhood, she swears, “I will not belong to Mango Street, but it will belong to me.” (这些观察塑造了Esperaza渴望挣脱文化束缚的愿望。写作成为她自我表达与获得自由的工具。尽管她对社区怀有深厚情感，却仍立下誓言：“我不会属于芒果街，但芒果街将永远属于我。”)”可知，Esperanza渴望挣脱身边的束缚，用写作表达自我、追求自由，可推知她可能会离开芒果街去追求她的梦想。故选B项。 11. 细节理解题。根据第三段中“The novel blends (混合) poetic language with raw honesty, addressing themes of identity, gender roles, and the immigrant experience. Cisneros uses symbolic elements, like the recurring image of windows (representing both imprisonment and hope), to highlight the tension between dreams and reality. (这部小说以诗意语言融合质朴的真实感，探讨了身份认同、性别角色和移民经历等主题。希斯内罗丝巧妙地运用象征手法，比如反复出现的窗户意象(既象征禁锢又代表希望)，深刻展现了梦想与现实之间的张力)”可知，桑德拉·西塞罗在这本小说中的写作充满诗意，富有象征性。故选C项。 12. 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章围绕桑德拉·希斯内罗丝的小说《芒果街上的小屋》展开，介绍了小说的主要内容、主题、写作风格等，属于书评。故选D项。 Passage 4 Can science fiction tell us about the future? Setting aside aliens and spaceships, much contemporary science fiction is concerned with themes such as the impact of artificial intelligence, the danger of ecological collapse and the misuse of corporate power. In all these cases, science fiction writers are taking advantage of the freedom that this type of writing gives them to think about ongoing concerns and picture what they might lead to in the future, coming to surprising and thought-provoking conclusions. All of those do have some predictive value. It means science fiction can play a useful role as a way to predict technological, social and political trends — but in the near term, not the distant future in which it is often set. This is the first of three ways in which science fiction can give us a glimpse of the future. The second is that it can help broaden the mind when assessing future scenarios(设想) for planning purposes, both in government and in business. France’s Defence Innovation Agency is setting up a “red team” of sci-fi writers to propose scenarios that might not have occurred to military planners. Arup, an engineering firm, commissioned Tim Maughan, a science-fiction writer, to create four scenarios of what everyday life might look like as a result of climate change. Tech giants including Google, Microsoft and Apple have also employed sci-fi writers as consultants, using a process sometimes called “design fiction.” And then the third one is more direct: by inspiring people in the tech industry who want to make these fictions a reality. The creation of the mobile phone at Motorola was motivated by the handheld wireless communicators from Star Trek, and Amazon’s Alexa voice-assistant by the talking computer on the Enterprise. The Kindle was inspired by an electronic-book device in Neal Stephenson’s novel The Diamond Age, and an entire industry is trying to bring to life the virtual world he described in Snow Crash. The future technology leaders are certainly reading science fiction today. 13. What does the author think of science fiction? A. It focuses mainly on aliens and spaceships. B. It explores current issues to imagine the future. C. It addresses the contemporary existing problems. D. It aims to predict technological progress in the future. 14. Why do the government and the business hire sci-fi writers? A. To give support to their creations. B. To better understand science fiction. C. To benefit from their expansive imagination. D. To enhance their influence and commercial value. 15. How does the last paragraph show the impact of science fiction? A. By listing main points. B. By giving examples. C. By analyzing causes. D. By explaining a concept. 16. What is the main idea about the text? A. Why is science fiction gaining popularity? B. Science fiction provides insights into the future. C. How does science fiction broaden people’s vision? D. Science fiction serves as an inspiration for inventions. 【答案】13. B 14. C 15. B 16. B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了科幻小说通过推演现实问题的发展趋势、辅助战略规划和直接激发科技创新，为人类提供了多维度预见未来的独特视角。 13. 细节理解题。根据第二段中“It means science fiction can play a useful role as a way to predict technological, social and political trends — but in the near term, not the distant future in which it is often set. (这意味着科幻小说可以作为一种预测技术、社会和政治趋势的有效工具——但这种预测更侧重于近期发展，而非故事中常见的遥远未来)”可知，作者认为科幻小说探索当前问题以想象未来。故选B项。 14. 细节理解题。根据第三段中The second is that it can help broaden the mind when assessing future scenarios (设想) for planning purposes, both in government and in business. (第二种方式是，科幻小说能够帮助政府和企业拓宽思维，更好地评估未来情景以制定规划)”可知，政府和企业雇佣科幻作家，是为了拓展思维边界，从这些作家广阔的想象力中受益。故选C项。 15. 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“The creation of the mobile phone at Motorola was motivated by the handheld wireless communicators from Star Trek, and Amazon’s Alexa voice-assistant by the talking computer on the Enterprise. The Kindle was inspired by an electronic-book device in Neal Stephenson’s novel The Diamond Age, and an entire industry is trying to bring to life the virtual world he described in Snow Crash. (摩托罗拉发明手机是受到《星际迷航》中手持无线通讯器的启发，亚马逊的Alexa语音助手则源自“企业号”飞船上的智能电脑。Kindle电子阅读器的灵感来自Neal Stephenson的小说《钻石时代》中的电子书设备，而整个科技行业都在努力将他笔下《雪崩》中描绘的虚拟世界变为现实)”可推知，最后一段通过列举摩托罗拉手机、亚马逊的Alexa、Kindle等实例，体现科幻作品的影响。故选B项。 16. 主旨大意题。根据第二段中“All of those do have some predictive value. (所有这些确实都具有一定的预测价值)”、“This is the first of three ways in which science fiction can give us a glimpse of the future. (这是科幻小说能让我们窥见未来的三种方式中的第一种)”、第三段中“The second is that it can help broaden the mind when assessing future scenarios (设想) for planning purposes, both in government and in business. (第二种方式是，科幻小说能够帮助政府和企业拓宽思维，更好地评估未来情景以制定规划)”和最后一段中“And then the third one is more direct: by inspiring people in the tech industry who want to make these fictions a reality. (而第三种方式则更为直接：通过激励科技行业的从业者，让他们将这些虚构构想变为现实)”可知，全文通过三个层面，即预测趋势、拓展规划思维、直接启发技术，说明科幻小说为人们提供了对未来的洞见。故选B项。 Passage 5 Do you ever feel guilty(负罪感的) when you lose yourself in a novel for hours? Do you ever feel bad for choosing a novel over your textbooks? You may say yes because reading novels is always viewed as a way to kill time. 1 They show reading novels can develop our emotional intelligence, improve concentration and build creativity. As we read, we are deeply involved in the joy, sadness, and success of characters. 2 In this way, novels help develop emotional intelligence and social skills to build better relations. 3 Regular novel readers are reported to do better in focus test than those non-readers. This is because following the complex plot requires readers’ involvement. Therefore, they can keep their attention fixed. Also, novels create the perfect environment for creativity. In the movies, we often long for a happy ending. Have you noticed that fiction often embraces open endings? They invite readers to imagine beyond the last page. 4 A novel is not just for fun. 5 It may be secret study fuel. So next time you feel even a tiny bit guilty for picking up a novel instead of a textbook, consider the above benefits of reading novels. A. It is a great tool to learn. B. This is where creativity unfolds. C. Creativity is the lifeblood of novels. D. But researches suggest different results. E. Reading a novel sharpens concentration too. F. Actually, it is simply a form of entertainment. G. This deep connection helps us better understand others. 【答案】1. D 2. G 3. E 4. B 5. A 【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章介绍了读小说的好处。 1. 根据上文“Do you ever feel bad for choosing a novel over your textbooks? You may say yes because reading novels is always viewed as a way to kill time.(你曾经为选择小说而不是课本而感到难过吗？你可能会说是的，因为读小说总是被视为一种消磨时间的方式)”和下文“They show reading novels can develop our emotional intelligence, improve concentration and build creativity.(研究表明，阅读小说可以提高我们的情商，提高注意力，培养创造力)”可知，上文提到读小说被认为是一种消磨时间的方式，下文提到研究表明读小说有很多好处，上下文之间是转折关，D项“但研究显示了不同的结果”符合语境，故选D。 2. 根据上文“As we read, we are deeply involved in the joy, sadness, and success of characters.(当我们阅读时，我们深深地沉浸在人物的喜悦、悲伤和成功中)”可知，当我们阅读时，我们深深地沉浸在人物的喜悦、悲伤和成功中，结合下文“In this way, novels help develop emotional intelligence and social skills to build better relations.(通过这种方式，小说有助于发展情商和社交技巧，从而建立更好的人际关系)”可知，空处应是说和小说中的人物共情对于人际关系方面的好处，G项“这种深刻的联系有助于我们更好地理解他人”符合语境，故选G。 3. 根据下文“Regular novel readers are reported to do better in focus test than those non-readers.(据报道，经常阅读小说的人比不阅读的人在注意力测试中表现更好)”可知，本段是说读小说有助于提高注意力，E项“读小说也能提高注意力”适合作为本段主题句，故选E。 4. 根据本段主题句“Also, novels create the perfect environment for creativity.(此外，小说为创造力创造了完美的环境)”和上文“Have you noticed that fiction often embraces open endings? They invite readers to imagine beyond the last page.(你有没有注意到小说通常都有开放的结局？他们邀请读者去想象最后一页之外的东西)”可知，本段是说小说有助于提高创造力，上文提到小说通常有开放性结局，邀请读者自己发挥想象，空处应是接着说这样做有助于激发读者的创造力，呼应本段主题，B项“这就是创造力展现的地方”符合语境，故选B。 5. 根据上文“A novel is not just for fun.(小说不只是为了好玩)”可知，空处应是接着说小说还有什么作用，结合下文“It may be secret study fuel.(它可能是秘密的学习燃料)”可知，A项“这是一个很好的学习工具”符合语境，故选A。 Passage 6 Try writing your own stories Creative writing is a fun way to express your thoughts and emotions. One typical form is a short story. A story is like a playground for your imagination. 6 You may know or not know what your story would be like. That’s OK. Sometimes it can feel frightening to write a story because you have an idea of what the story has to be. 7 Creative writing doesn’t have to follow traditional rules. When inspiration hits you, be ready to write down the idea. 8 Think about who you would like it to be, whether a person, an animal, or a mythical creature. Next, develop your character by answering a few questions: What does my character love and fear? What does my character want? Deciding your character’s ambitions in life will be the engine that drives your story. Then you can put barriers in their way to add drama or humor to your story. Once you know what your character wants, you can add drama or humor to your story by putting barriers in their way. This is where writing a story gets really fun. 9 Ask yourself if you want your story to be serious or silly. If you’ re stuck for ideas about the barriers, think of the funniest, oddest thing you ever did. Writing isn’t meant to be perfect the first time. 10 Try reading the first draft of your story out loud, and share it with a trusted family member or friend. Does it make sense and get the reaction you have in mind? If not, you can go back to your story and make changes to get it to a place you’re happy with. A. That’s why we have drafts and revisions. B. So you are likely to give up your inspiration. C. It’s a great place to experiment and try new ideas. D. A great place to begin any story is with a main character. E. But there is no right or wrong when you’re writing a story. F. This is also when you can decide on the tone of your story. G. The more characters you create, the funnier your story will be. 【答案】6. C 7. E 8. D 9. F 10. A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是如何创作短篇小说。 6. 空前“A story is like a playground for your imagination.(故事就像你想象的游乐场。)”是对故事的描述，空格处也应该说故事是什么，C选项“It’s a great place to experiment and try new ideas.(这是一个实验和尝试新想法的好地方。)”中的it指代前面的A story，也是对故事的描述，因此承接上文，符合语境，故选C。 7. 空后“Creative writing doesn’t have to follow traditional rules.(创意写作不必遵循传统规则。)”说明了创意写作是不用遵循规则的，空格处也应该是对创意写作的描述，且和不遵循规则相关，E选项“But there is no right or wrong when you’re writing a story.(但是当你在写故事的时候，没有对错之分。)”说明了写故事的时候没有对错之分，和不遵循规则相类似，因此引起下文，符合语境，故选E。 8. 空后“Think about who you would like it to be, whether a person, an animal, or a mythical creature. Next, develop your character by answering a few questions(想想你希望你笔下要写的是谁，是一个人，一个动物，还是一个神秘的生物。接下来，通过回答几个问题来发展你的角色)”说明的是如何确定故事的主角，D选项“A great place to begin any story is with a main character.(任何故事的开始都是从主角开始的。)”说明故事的开始要从主角开始，和后文如何确定主角相关，因此D选项引起下文，符合语境，故选D。 9. 空后“Ask yourself if you want your story to be serious or silly.(问问你自己，你想让你的故事是严肃的还是搞笑的。)”说明的是问一下自己故事的语气，F选项“This is also when you can decide on the tone of your story.(这也是你决定故事基调的时候。)”说明了要决定故事的基调，也就是语气，引起下文，符合语境，故选F。 10. 空后“Try reading the first draft of your story out loud, and share it with a trusted family member or friend.(试着大声朗读你的故事初稿，并与你信任的家人或朋友分享。)”说明了要打草稿，A选项“That’s why we have drafts and revisions.(这就是我们有草稿和修改的原因。)”说明了要打草稿，引起下文，符合语境，故选A。 Passage 7 (江苏省苏州市姑苏区第十中学2024-2025学年高一年级第二学期3月月考英语试题)Two hundred years ago the English poet William Wordsworth wrote I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud, a poem that was inspired when he came across a field of daffodils(水仙花). It 1 a basic spirit of early English Romanticism(浪漫主义). What makes this poem a(n) 2 of Romantic thinking? It isn’t that Wordsworth 3 to write about a natural scene: it is the way he describes the scene as if it had human 4 . For him, nature is not only a neutral(无感情色彩的) 5 of scenery, colors, plants, rocks, soil, water and air. It is a 6 force that feels joy and sadness and even tries to educate us human beings and show us the beauty of life. Wordsworth’s home is now one of the most popular 7 in the Lake District. You can go on a tour of the garden where wild flowers still 8 now regardless of the change of the time. The place, where Wordsworth saw the daffodils, is at the southernmost end of the lake. When you are walking in the 9 of William from two centuries ago, the first group of daffodils appear, but they aren’t tall yellow trumpets(小号状的花) 10 swinging in the gentle wind as described in Wordsworth’s 11 . They are just tiny wild daffodils grouped around individual trees rather than 12 together. But as you look north, from beside a huge ancient oak tree, you realize this is what 13 Wordsworth: group after group of daffodils, spread out to left and right but coming together in your sight so that they 14 a beautiful, pale yellow carpet. What you’re seeing at last is nature transformed by human sight and 15 . 1. A. expresses B. raises C. breaks D. compares 2. A. cause B. series C. example D. proposal 3. A. volunteers B. chooses C. refuses D. hesitates 4. A. identities B. emotions C. appearances D. characters 5. A. balance B. shape C. pattern D. mixture 6. A. violent B. economic C. physical D. living 7. A. masterpieces B. destinations C. activities D. performances 8. A. shakes B. escapes C. survives D. responds 9. A. footprint B. direction C. possession D. charge 10. A. proudly B. casually C. sharply D. regularly 11. A. sight B. mind C. memory D. poem 12. A. floating B. waiting C. collecting D. trembling 13. A. confused B. delighted C. persuaded D. confirmed 14. A. form B. decorate C. destroy D. change 15. A. capability B. flexibility C. expectation D. imagination 【答案】 1. A 2. C 3. B 4. B 5. D 6. D 7. B 8. C 9. A 10. A 11. D 12. C 13. B 14. A 15. D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了英国著名诗人威廉·华兹华斯的诗歌风格以及他的故居鸽子农舍的景色。 1. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：它表达了早期英国浪漫主义的基本精神。A. expresses表达；B. raises筹集；C. breaks打破；D. compares比较。根据后文“a basic spirit of early English Romanticism”此处指这首诗歌中表达的是精神是早起英国浪漫主义。故选A。 2. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：是什么使这首诗成为浪漫主义思想的范例？A. cause原因；B. series系列；C. example例子；D. proposal提议。上文提到《我像一朵云一样孤独地漫游》这首诗表达了早期英国浪漫主义的基本精神，说明这首诗是一个浪漫主义思想的范例。故选C。 3. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这并不是华兹华斯选择写一个自然的场景，而是他描述场景的方式，仿佛它有人类的情感。A. volunteers志愿；B. chooses选择；C. refuses拒绝；D. hesitates犹豫。根据后文“to write about a natural scene: it is the way he describes the scene”可知，这首诗之所以可以成为浪漫主义思想的范例，不在于华兹华斯选择写一个自然的场景，而是他描述场景的方式，故选B。 4. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这并不是华兹华斯选择写一个自然的场景，而是他描述场景的方式，仿佛它有人类的情感。A. identities身份；B. emotions情感；C. appearances外观；D. characters特性。根据后文“feels joy and sadness and even tries to educate us human beings”可知，华兹华斯的诗歌中自然有人类的情感。故选B。 5. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：对他来说，自然不仅仅是风景、色彩、植物、岩石、土壤、水和空气的中性混合物。A. balance平衡；B. shape形状；C. pattern模式；D. mixture混合。根据后文“of scenery, colors, plants, rocks, soil, water and air”指自然不仅仅是风景、色彩、植物、岩石、土壤、水和空气的中性混合物。故选D。 6. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它是一种生命的力量，它能感受快乐和悲伤，甚至试图教育我们人类，向我们展示生活的美好。A. violent暴力的；B. economic经济的；C. physical身体的；D. living活着的。根据后文“feels joy and sadness”能感受到快乐和悲伤是生命的力量，living force表示“生命力”。故选D。 7. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：华兹华斯的故居现在是湖区最受欢迎的景点之一。A. masterpieces杰作；B. destinations目的地；C. activities活动；D. performances表现。根据上文“Wordsworth’s home is now one of the most popular”可知，华兹华斯是著名诗人，所以华兹华斯的故居现在是湖区最受欢迎的景点之一。故选B。 8. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：你可以去参观花园，在那里，尽管时代变迁，野花仍然存活着。A. shakes摇晃；B. escapes逃走；C. survives幸存；D. responds回复。根据上文“You can go on a tour of the garden where wild flowers still”以及后文提到了去看水仙花，可知尽管时代变迁，野花仍然存活着。故选C。 9. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当你走在两个世纪前威廉的足迹上时，第一批水仙花出现了，但它们并不是华兹华斯诗中描述的在微风中骄傲地摆动的高大的黄色喇叭。A. footprint脚印；B. direction方向；C. possession财产；D. charge收费。根据上文“When you are walking in the”与行走对应的是足迹，故选A。 10. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：当你走在两个世纪前威廉的足迹上时，第一批水仙花出现了，但它们并不是华兹华斯诗中描述的在微风中骄傲地摆动的高大的黄色喇叭。A. proudly骄傲地；B. casually随意地；C. sharply尖锐地；D. regularly定期地。根据后文“They are just tiny wild daffodils”描述了水仙花真正的样子，可推知华兹华斯的诗歌中水仙花在微风中骄傲地摆动的高大的黄色喇叭。故选A。 11. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当你走在两个世纪前威廉的足迹上时，第一批水仙花出现了，但它们并不是华兹华斯诗中描述的在微风中骄傲地摆动的高大的黄色喇叭。A. sight看见；B. mind思维；C. memory记忆；D. poem诗歌。结合第一段“Two hundred years ago the English poet William Wordsworth wrote I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud, a poem that was inspired when he came across a field of daffodils.(两百年前，英国诗人威廉·华兹华斯写了《我像一朵云一样孤独地漫游》，这首诗的灵感来自于他偶然看到的一片水仙花)”可知，此处指他是个中描述的水仙花。故选D。 12. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：它们只是小小的野生水仙花，簇生在一棵棵树周围，而不是聚集在一起。A. floating漂浮；B. waiting等待；C. collecting收集，聚集；D. trembling颤抖。根据上文“grouped around individual trees”可知，水仙花是一簇簇生长，而不是聚在一起的。故选C。 13. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但当你从一棵巨大的古橡树旁向北望去时，你会意识到这正是华兹华斯所喜欢的：一群又一群的水仙花向左右两边散开，但又在你的视线中汇聚在一起，形成一块美丽的淡黄色地毯。A. confused使困惑；B. delighted使高兴；C. persuaded说服；D. confirmed确认。根据后文“group after group of daffodils, spread out to left and right but coming together in your sight”的描述可知，华兹华斯当时看到一簇簇水仙花，从左到右展开，但在你的视线中汇聚在一起，这一场景让他高兴，所以写下了著名的诗歌。故选B。 14. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但当你从一棵巨大的古橡树旁向北望去时，你会意识到这正是华兹华斯所喜欢的：一群又一群的水仙花向左右两边散开，但又在你的视线中汇聚在一起，形成一块美丽的淡黄色地毯。A. form形成；B. decorate装饰；C. destroy破坏；D. change改变。根据后文“a beautiful, pale yellow carpet”指水仙花形成一块美丽的淡黄色地毯。故选A。 15. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：你最终看到的是经过人类视觉和想象力改造的自然。A. capability能力；B. flexibility灵活性；C. expectation期待；D. imagination想象力。根据上文“force that feels joy and sadness and even tries to educate us human beings and show us the beauty of life”可知，华兹华斯的诗歌不仅仅描述了眼睛所见，他还把自然形容成有情感的生物，即充满了想象力。故选D。 Passage 8 I started writing poetry just after hitting my teens. Then I quickly fell in love with the artistry, wordplay, and rhythmic challenge of 16 poems. A few years later, it 17 to me that I should be reading poetry, so I looked at a few books of poetry but 18 nothing that spoke to me. For years afterward, I 19 to write poetry but did not read the works of established poets. 20 , I eventually went to college, where I was forced to read poetry and finally found 21 and poets that resonated(共鸣) with me. It’s not unusual to 22 young poets who don’t read poetry. Some say they don’t want their work to be 23 by other poets, but many have faced the same 24 I did: they haven’t been able to find poetry that they like. As a young poet, most of the works I encountered were 25 to me. I didn’t care about the topics, and the language felt 26 . A lot of it was form poetry, and I have since discovered that I 27 free-form. It was like digging down a massive mountain to 28 a few small, sparkly gems(宝石). Frankly, it took too much 29 to find one poet or poem that interested me. But that was back before the Internet. Nowadays, it’s much easier to 30 the available works of poetry to find the good stuff. 16. A. crafting B. appreciating C. observing D. reciting 17. A. applied B. happened C. occurred D. referred 18. A. created B. wrote C. learned D. found 19. A. refused B. continued C. afforded D. pretended 20. A. Fortunately B. Basically C. Naturally D. Reasonably 21. A. resources B. partners C. means D. works 22. A. admire B. encounter C. criticize D. persuade 23. A. imitated B. envied C. influenced D. possessed 24. A. opportunity B. defeat C. process D. difficulty 25. A. irrelevant B. unfamiliar C. complicated D. adoptable 26. A. vivid B. outdated C. accurate D. brief 27. A. copy B. hide C. prefer D. doubt 28. A. polish B. strike C. design D. unearth 29. A. courage B. effort C. consumption D. expectation 30. A. stare at B. turn down C. scan through D. account for 【答案】 16. A 17. C 18. D 19. B 20. A 21. D 22. B 23. C 24. D 25. A 26. B 27. C 28. D 29. B 30. C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者从青少年时期开始写诗的经历，以及后来对诗歌阅读态度的转变。 16. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，我很快就爱上了制作诗歌的艺术性，文字游戏和节奏挑战。A. crafting制作；B. appreciating欣赏；C. observing观察；D. reciting背诵。由上文“I started writing poetry just after hitting my teens.”可知，作者写诗，即精心制作诗歌，故选A。 17. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：几年后，我突然想到我应该读些诗，于是翻了几本诗集，但发现没有能引起共鸣的作品。A. applied应用；B. happened发生；C. occurred想到；D. referred提及。“It occurred to me”是固定搭配，表示"我突然想到”。后文提到“I should be reading poetry”，这是作者突然想到的，故选C。 18. 考查词动词义辨析。句意：几年后，我突然想到我应该读些诗，于是翻了几本诗集，但发现没有能引起共鸣的作品。选项翻译：A. created创造；B. wrote写作；C. learned学习；D. found发现。由下文“nothing that spoke to me”可知，作者发现没有能引起作者共鸣的作品。故选D。 19. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：之后的许多年里，我继续写诗却不读成名诗人的作品。A. refused拒绝；B. continued继续；C. afforded负担；D. pretended假装。由下文“but did not read the works of established poets”表明写作行为持续。故选B。 20. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，后来我上了大学，被迫读诗时终于找到了与我产生共鸣的作品和诗人。A. Fortunately幸运地；B. Basically基本地；C. Naturally自然地；D. Reasonably合理地。由下文“I eventually went to college, where I was forced to read poetry and finally found ___6___ and poets that resonated (共鸣) with me.”可知，作者找到了与其产生共鸣的作品和诗人，这是幸运的事。故选A。 21. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，后来我上了大学，被迫读诗时终于找到了与我产生共鸣的作品和诗人。A. resources资源；B. partners伙伴；C. means方式；D. works作品。由下文“poets”可知，作者找到了与自己共鸣的诗人和作品，与并列的应是“poems”的同义词，works特指文学作品。故选D。 22. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：遇到不读诗的年轻诗人并不罕见。A. admire钦佩；B. encounter遇到；C. criticize批评；D. persuade说服。由下文“Some say they don’t want their work”举例说明遇到这类诗人很普遍，故选B。 23. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：有些人说不想让自己的作品被其他诗人影响，但更多人面临着和我相同的困境：他们找不到喜欢的诗。A. imitated模仿；B. envied嫉妒；C. influenced影响；D. possessed拥有。由上文“Some say they don’t want their work to be”以及上文提到的年轻诗人不读诗是很普遍的可知，很多人不读诗是不想让自己的作品被其他诗人影响。故选C。 24. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：有些人说不想让自己的作品被其他诗人影响，但更多人面临着和我相同的困境：他们找不到喜欢的诗。A. opportunity机会；B. defeat失败；C. process过程；D. difficulty困难。由下文“they haven’t been able to find poetry that they like.”以及上文提到作者刚开始找不到与自己共鸣的诗歌和诗人可知，很多人面临着找不到喜欢的诗这一困难。故选D。 25. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：作为一个年轻诗人，我遇到的大多数作品对我来说都是无关紧要的。A. irrelevant无关的；B. unfamiliar不熟悉的；C. complicated复杂的；D. adoptable可采用的。根据后文“I didn’t care about the topics(我不关心这些主题)”可知，作者认为这些作品与自己的兴趣无关。故选A。 26. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我不关心它们的主题，语言也显得过时。A. vivid生动的；B. outdated过时的；C. accurate精确的；D. brief简短的。与前文“I didn’t care about the topics”并列，此处描述语言风格过时，这符合批判语气。故选B。 27. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：其中多是格律诗，而后来我发现自己更喜欢自由体。A. copy复制；B. hide隐藏；C. prefer偏爱；D. doubt怀疑。与前文“form poetry”对比，说明作者偏好变了，现在更爱自由诗体。故选C。 28. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这就像挖穿一座大山才能发掘几颗闪亮的小宝石——费力至极。A. polish打磨；B. strike敲击；C. design设计；D. unearth发掘。由上文“digging down”对应“发掘”的动作，比喻寻找好诗的过程。故选D。 29. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这就像挖穿一座大山才能发掘几颗闪亮的小宝石——费力至极。A. courage勇气；B. effort努力；C. consumption消耗；D. expectation期望。由前文“digging down a mountain”可知，此处比喻需要挖掘宝石需要大量努力。故选B。 30. 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：但那是互联网时代之前的事了。如今，快速浏览现有诗歌作品来寻找佳作容易得多。A. stare at盯着；B. turn down拒绝；C. scan through浏览；D. account for解释。由上文“Nowadays, it’s much easier”和下文“the available works of poetry to find the good stuff.”可知，如今，很容易就能在互联网上浏览诗歌作品，故选C。 Passage 9 Yilin Press, a Chinese publisher, sold the French copyright(版权) of the first graphic(连环画) novel adaptation of The Three-Body Problem at the 2025 London Book Fair. So far, The Three-Body trilogy(三部曲) 1 (translate) into 38 languages, selling over 30 million copies worldwide and winning nine major international science fiction 2 (award), including the Hugo Award for Best Novel in 2015. The graphic adaptation will cover the trilogy in six books, all of 3 will be published over the next five to six years. The first book, 4 (launch) in January during the 37th Beijing Book Fair, covers a long storyline. It starts with the moment when Ye Wenjie sends a signal into space 5 ends with Operation Guzhen, an important UN military mission 6 (recover) messages sent by the creatures from outer space. In addition to the French edition the graphic novel’s copyrights have also been sold to Spain and Germany, 7 talks for more editions going on. Ji Yu, an editor in Yilin Press, said that broadening the reach of top Chinese sci-fi works to a 8 (wide) audience is an important step. Robin Jolly, a French editor, expressed that they are looking forward to 9 (present) this adaptation to the French-speaking world, confident that it will offer French readers 10 great feast for eyes. 【答案】 1. has been translated 2. awards 3. which 4. launched 5. and 6. to recover 7. with 8. wider 9. presenting 10. a 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述《三体》连环画版权售出及相关情况。 1. 考查时态语态。句意：到目前为止，《三体》三部曲已被翻译成38种语言，全球销量超过3000万册，并获得了包括2015年雨果奖最佳小说奖在内的九项国际科幻大奖。根据“So far”可知，本句时态为现在完成时，且主语The Three-Body trilogy和谓语translate为被动关系，应用现在完成时的被动语态，主语为单数，助动词用has。故填has been translated。 2. 考查名词。句意：到目前为止，《三体》三部曲已被翻译成38种语言，全球销量超过3000万册，并获得了包括2015年雨果奖最佳小说奖在内的九项国际科幻大奖。award为可数名词，根据空前“nine major international science fiction”可知，数量大于一，应用复数形式。故填awards。 3. 考查定语从句。句意：这部连环画改编版将分六本书涵盖整个三部曲，所有这些书都将在未来五到六年内出版。空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词six books，先行词指物，在定语从句中作of宾语，应用关系代词which引导。故填which。 4. 考查非谓语动词。句意：第一本书于1月在第37届北京图书博览会上推出，涵盖了一条很长的故事线。本句已有谓语动词covers，所以launch应用非谓语动词形式定语修饰The first book，且The first book与动词launch之间是被动关系，应用过去分词作后置定语。故填launched。 5. 考查连词。句意：它从叶文洁向太空发送信号的那一刻开始，到“古筝行动”结束，“古筝行动”是联合国一项重要的军事任务，旨在恢复来自外星生物发送的信息。根据句意可知，“starts with...”和“ends with...”之间为并列关系，应用连词and连接。故填and。 6. 考查非谓语动词。句意：它从叶文洁向太空发送信号的那一刻开始，到“古筝行动”结束，“古筝行动”是联合国一项重要的军事任务，旨在恢复来自外星生物发送的信息。本句已有谓语动词is，所以recover应用非谓语动词形式，作后置定语说修饰mission，说明任务的目的，应用动词不定式。故填to recover。 7. 考查介词。句意：除了法文版外，这部连环画小说的版权还卖给了西班牙和德国，更多版本的谈判正在进行中。此处为“with+宾语+宾补”的复合结构，在句中作状语。故填with。 8. 考查形容词比较级。句意：译林出版社编辑季宇表示，将中国顶级科幻作品的受众范围扩大到更广泛的读者群体是重要的一步。根据句意可知，此处表示将受众范围扩大到“更广泛的”读者群体，应用形容词wide的比较级wider，作定语，修饰名词audience。故填wider。 9. 考查非谓语动词。句意：法国编辑罗宾·乔利表示，他们期待将这一改编版呈现给法语世界，相信它将为法国读者带来一场视觉盛宴。look forward to doing sth.为固定短语，意为“期待做某事”，所以空处应用动名词形式，作宾语。故填presenting。 10. 考查冠词。句意：法国编辑罗宾·乔利表示，他们期待将这一改编版呈现给法语世界，相信它将为法国读者带来一场视觉盛宴。feast为可数名词，此处表示泛指“一场视觉盛宴”，且great发音以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a修饰。故填a。 Passage 10 A poetic inscription(题词) is a special form of poetry 11 (write) by the artist or others in the blank space of a Chinese painting. These 12 (word) express the emotions of the author, explore artistic insights, or praise the artistic vision behind the painting. Often, poems 13 (compose) within the painting, and seals are also stamped in the painting. This unique art form combines poetry, calligraphy, painting, and seals into one, allowing people 14 (enjoy) the beauty of art through reading poems, viewing paintings, and 15 (appreciate) poetry. Since the Song Dynasty, the literati painting(文人画) began to emerge, and the tradition of poetic inscriptions gradually formed. The literati painting, 16 was created by Chinese scholars and literati, differs from the traditional painting in that it emphasizes elegance and an 17 (education) atmosphere rather than precise descriptions of reality. In that era, painters were primarily poets or writers who had 18 deep understanding of literature and regarded literary thinking 19 an essential requirement for painting. While not all paintings require poetic inscriptions, at the appropriate moment, a poem can enhance the artistic value of a painting, 20 (perfect) combining the worlds of painting and poetry. 【答案】 11. written 12. words 13. are composed 14. to enjoy 15. appreciating 16. which 17. educational 18. a 19. as 20. perfectly 【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了题诗这一独特艺术形式，它是艺术家或他人在中国绘画空白处创作的特殊诗歌形式，常与画中的印章结合，将诗、书、画、印融为一体。 11. 考查非谓语动词。句意：题诗是艺术家或他人在中国绘画空白处创作的一种特殊诗歌形式。句中已有谓语 is，write 与 poetry 构成被动关系，用过去分词作后置定语修饰 poetry。故填written。 12. 考查名词。句意：这些文字表达了作者的情感，探讨艺术见解，或赞美画作背后的艺术视角。these 后接可数名词复数，word的复数形式为words。故填words。 13. 考查时态和语态。句意：通常，诗歌在画作中创作完成，并且印章也会盖在画上。poems 与 compose 是被动关系，且此处描述一般情况，用一般现在时的被动语态，主语 poems是复数，be 动词are。故填are composed。 14. 考查知识点：非谓语动词。句意：这种独特的艺术形式将诗、书、画、印融为一体，让人们通过读诗、赏画和品诗来享受艺术之美。allow sb. to do sth. 为固定搭配，意为“允许某人做某事”。故填to enjoy。 15. 考查非谓语动词。句意：这种独特的艺术形式将诗、书、画、印融为一体，让人们通过读诗、赏画和品诗来享受艺术之美。and 连接并列成分，此处与 reading、viewing 并列，都作介词 through的宾语，应用动名词形式。故填appreciating。 16. 考查定语从句。句意：文人画由中国学者和文人创作，它与传统绘画的不同之处在于，它强调优雅和教育氛围，而非对现实的精确描绘。此处是非限制性定语从句，先行词是 the literati painting，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，应用which 引导。故填which。 17. 考查形容词。句意：文人画由中国学者和文人创作，它与传统绘画的不同之处在于，它强调优雅和教育氛围，而非对现实的精确描绘。修饰名词atmosphere，应用形容词 educational，意为 “有教育意义的”。故填educational。 18. 考查冠词。句意：在那个时代，画家主要是诗人或作家，他们对文学有深刻的理解，并将文学思维视为绘画的基本要求。have a deep understanding of 为固定搭配，意为“对…… 有深刻的理解”。故填a。 19. 考查介词。句意：在那个时代，画家主要是诗人或作家，他们对文学有深刻的理解，并将文学思维视为绘画的基本要求。regard... as... 为固定搭配，意为“把…… 视为……”。故填as。 20. 考查副词。句意：虽然并非所有的画都需要题诗，但在恰当的时候，一首诗可以提升一幅画的艺术价值，完美地将绘画和诗歌的世界结合起来。饰动词 combining，应用副词 perfectly，意为“完美地”。故填perfectly。 ( 14 / 24 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$