精品解析：黑龙江省鸡西市第一中学2025-2026学年高二上学期开学考试英语试卷

鸡西一中高二学年开学考试 英语试题 考试时间：120分钟 分值：150分 第一部分 听力（共两节, 满分30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1. 5分, 满分7. 5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中出最佳选项, 并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后, 你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. Why do the speakers come here? A. To fetch breakfast. B. To have lunch. C. To cook supper. 2. What do we know about the delivery? A. It is free conditionally. B. It needs a whole day. C. It will be sent after 5 pm 3. When will the flight probably arrive? A. At 6:00 pm. B. At 8:00 pm. C. At 9:00 pm. 4. What does the man want to do? A. Make a payment. B. Test a machine. C. Wash clothes. 5. What is the relationship between Peter and Sandra? A. Mother and son. B. Husband and wife. C. Father and daughter. 第二节（共15小题：每小题1. 5分, 满分22. 5分 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、 C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前, 你将有时间阅读各个小题, 每题5秒钟；听完后, 各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料, 回答第6、7题。 6. Where did the woman go last month? A. A historical site. B. A silk museum. C. An antique shop. 7. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. The history of the Silk Road. B. Ruins of the Great Wall. C. A travel to Yumenguan Pass. 听第7段材料, 回答第8至10题。 8. What suggestion does Mr. Smith offer Julie? A. Recording the lectures. B. Taking extra assignments. C. Working much harder. 9. Why does Julie consult Mr. Smith about the extra credits? A She has missed some of his classcs. B. She is worried about failing the course. C. She requires more tests for her grade. 10. When does the conversation probably take place? A. On Wednesday. B. On Thursday. C. On Friday. 听第8段材料, 回答第11至13题。 11. What does the man advise the woman to do? A. AI research. B. Data analysis. C. Voice acting. 12. What did the woman like as a little girl? A Art. B. Biology. C. Computer. 13. What do we know about the woman's option of her particular future job? A. It is undecided. B. It is clear. C. It is disappointing. 听第9段材料, 回答第14至17题。 14. What do the speakers plan to do? A. Organize a game. B. Hold a BBQ party. C. Form a team. 15. Who are the basketball games intended for? A. Amateur players. B. Professional players. C. Girl players. 16. What problem do the speakers have to deal with? A. How to get enough girl participants. B. When to contact the organizer. C. Where to hold the event. 17. Who is a member of the schooI basketball team? A. Clark. B. Jane. C. Alice 听第10段材料, 回答第18至20题。 18. Which was Jeffrey's best-seller? A. Gone with the Wind. B. The Art of Aging. C. The Last Lecture 19. Where did Jeffrey work in 1980? A. In Detroit. B. In Orlando. C. In Chicago. 20. What did Jeffrey's column focus on? A. Famous people. B. Advice business. C. Social problems. 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节, 满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2. 5分, 满分37. 5分） 阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中, 选出最佳答案。 A The Splendid Colors: Chinese Costume Culture Exhibition Date: Oct. 1-Dec.2 Location: South Exhibition Hall 12, 6/F, the China National Arts and Crafts Museum in Beijing Highlights This exhibition showcases traditional costumes from more than 30 ethnic (民族的) groups across various dynasties, emphasizing the unity within Chinese culture. Visitors can gain insights into their daily activities and infer the environmental conditions based on the materials and techniques used in the costumes. This is why experts nowadays refer to these costumes as “wearable history books”. Online Reservation All visitors can make a reservation 1-7 days in advance through our official website or official WeChat platform. All visitors shall arrive at the museum on time according to the reserved time schedule. If you miss the appointment, entry will be denied. If you cannot visit on time, please cancel at least 2 hours beforehand. Late cancellations will not get your money back. We do not currently accept group reservations. Entry Instructions Upon entering the museum, please present the original ID card used for making the reservation and the generated QR code (二维码). International visitors must present their passport along with the OR code. All visitors entering the museum shall go through a security screening. Visitors with access requirements and their accompanying family members or personal carers can skip the queues to enter the museum. 1. What is a purpose of the exhibition? A. To call for environmental protection. B. To celebrate the cultural unity of China. C. To explore the daily life of ethnic groups. D. To preserve the materials and techniques. 2. What will happen if you cancel your reservation 3 hours in advance? A. Your money will be returned. B. Your account will not be affected. C. Your appointment will be rescheduled. D. Your cancellation will not be accepted. 3. What are the visitors required to do when entering the museum? A. Take personal carers. B. Pay with their QR code. C. Pass a security check. D. Confirm their reservation. 【答案】1. B 2. A 3. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了“中国服饰文化展”的时间、地点、亮点、预约方式及入场须知。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据Highlights中“This exhibition showcases traditional costumes from more than 30 ethnic (民族的) groups across various dynasties, emphasizing the unity within Chinese culture.(本次展览展示了来自不同朝代30多个民族的传统服饰，强调了中国文化的统一性”可知，展览目的是庆祝文化统一。故选B项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据Online Reservation中“If you cannot visit on time, please cancel at least 2 hours beforehand. Late cancellations will not get your money back.( 如果您不能按时参观，请至少提前2小时取消。逾期取消将无法退款)”可知，如果您提前3小时取消预订，你的钱会退回的。故选A项。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据 Entry Instructions 中“All visitors entering the museum shall go through a security screening.(所有进入博物馆的游客都必须经过安全检查)”可知，参观者在进入博物馆时需要通过安全检查。故选C项。 B A Dutch museum has recovered an artwork that looks like two empty beer cans after a staff member accidentally threw it in the rubbish bin. The work, entitled All the Good Times We Spent Together by the French artist Alexandre Lavet, appears on first glance to be two abandoned and dented (瘪的) beer tins. However, a closer look shows they are carefully hand-painted and required a lot of time and effort to create. Their artistic value was lost on a mechanic, who saw them displayed in a lift and threw them in the bin. The curator (馆长) Elisah van den Bergh returned from a short break and noticed the cans had disappeared. She recovered them from a bin bag just as they were about to be thrown out. Froukje Budding, of the LAM museum in Lisse, western Netherlands, said artworks were often left in unusual places—hence the display in a lift. “We try to surprise visitors for all the time,” she said. “We have now put the work in a more traditional place on a plinth (底座) so it can rest after its adventure.” She stressed there were no hard feelings towards the mechanic, who had just started at the museum, stating that he was simply performing his duties. Sietske van Zanten, the museum’s director, emphasized the museum’s mission to encourage visitors to see everyday objects in a new light. “By displaying artworks in unexpected places, we enhance this experience and keep visitors on their toes,” he added. Budding also noted the cans were unlikely to stay on their traditional plinth for long and that they needed to think hard about a careful place to put them next. 4. Why did the mechanic throw the artwork in the rubbish bin? A. Because it stood in the way. B. Because it took much space. C. Because it looked like real trash. D. Because it looked strange in the lift. 5. What was Budding’s attitude toward the mechanic’s behavior? A. Understanding. B. Concerned. C. Critical. D. Unforgiving. 6. What does the underlined phrase in paragraph 4 mean? A. Make visitors ready for surprises. B. Remind visitors of dangers. C. Warn visitors not to litter. D. Show visitors around the museum. 7. What might happen to the artwork in the future? A. It will be kept in a safe. B. It will be put in a selected place. C. It will be sent back to the lift. D. It will be placed in a traditional setting. 【答案】4. C 5. A 6. A 7. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是新闻报道。文章主要讲述荷兰某博物馆一件形似两个空啤酒罐的艺术品被误当垃圾丢弃，后经找回并重新考虑其展示位置的故事。同时介绍了博物馆在艺术品展示方面的理念。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“The work, entitled All the Good Times We Spent Together by the French artist Alexandre Lavet, appears on first glance to be two abandoned and dented (瘪的) beer tins. However, a closer look shows they are carefully hand-painted and required a lot of time and effort to create. Their artistic value was lost on a mechanic, who saw them displayed in a lift and threw them in the bin.(这件由法国艺术家亚历山大・拉韦（Alexandre Lavet）创作、名为《我们一起度过的美好时光》的作品，乍一看像是两个被丢弃且瘪了的啤酒罐。然而，仔细观察就会发现，它们是精心手绘而成的，创作过程耗费了大量的时间和精力。但一名机械师却没有意识到它们的艺术价值，他看到这些作品在电梯里展出，便把它们扔进了垃圾桶)”可知，法国艺术家 Alexandre Lavet 的这件作品乍一看像是两个被遗弃且瘪掉的啤酒罐，机械师没有意识到其艺术价值，所以把它当作垃圾扔掉了。也就是说，机械师把艺术品扔进垃圾桶是因为它看起来像真正的垃圾。故选 C项。 【5题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“Froukje Budding, of the LAM museum in Lisse, western Netherlands, said artworks were often left in unusual places—hence the display in a lift.(来自荷兰西部利斯镇拉穆博物馆（LAM museum）的弗鲁克耶・巴丁（Froukje Budding）表示，艺术品常常被放置在不寻常的地方 —— 这就是它被放在电梯里展出的原因。)”和本段“She stressed there were no hard feelings towards the mechanic, who had just started at the museum, stating that he was simply performing his duties. (她（Froukje Budding）强调，她对这位刚到博物馆工作的机械师没有不满情绪，还表示他只是在履行自己的工作职责)”可知，Budding 强调对刚到博物馆工作的机械师没有不满情绪，并且表示他只是在履行自己的工作职责，即他看到这些作品在电梯里展出，便把它们扔进了垃圾桶（见小题1详解）。由此可以推断出，Budding 对机械师的行为持理解的态度。故选 A项。 【6题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第四段“Sietske van Zanten, the museum’s director, emphasized the museum’s mission to encourage visitors to see everyday objects in a new light. ‘By displaying artworks in unexpected places, we enhance this experience and keep visitors on their toes,’ he added.(博物馆馆长西茨克・范赞滕（Sietske van Zanten）强调了博物馆的使命，即鼓励游客以新的视角看待日常物品。“通过在意想不到的地方展示艺术品，我们增强了这种体验，并让游客保持警觉，”他补充道)”可知，博物馆馆长 Sietske van Zanten 强调博物馆的使命是鼓励游客以新的视角看待日常物品，通过在意想不到的地方展示艺术品来增强这种体验。“keep visitors on their toes”所在句子与前文提到的“displaying artworks in unexpected places(在意想不到的地方展示艺术品)”相呼应，结合语境可知，该短语意思是让游客为可能出现的惊喜做好准备，时刻保持期待和警觉。故选A项。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Budding also noted the cans were unlikely to stay on their traditional plinth for long and that they needed to think hard about a careful place to put them next(巴丁（Budding）还指出，这些啤酒罐不太可能长时间放在传统的底座上，而且他们需要认真思考接下来把它们放置在一个合适的地方)”可知，Budding 指出这些啤酒罐不太可能长时间放在传统的底座上，并且他们需要认真思考接下来把它们放置在一个合适的地方。由此可以推断出，这件艺术品未来可能会被放置在一个经过精心挑选的地方。故选B项。 C It’s too early to name any activity The Sport of 2025, but if you asked me to do it today, I would give the title to Hyrox, which is an individual but interactive activity. Fitness fans run eight kilometres and stop after each to perform exercises such as sled pushes or burpees. The faster you complete the course, the higher your score is in the Hyrox worldwide rankings. Many surveys indicate that people are exercising more now than in previous years. It’s individual fitness pursuits that are driving the rise. I spent the first half of my 29-year-old life as a hockey player and the second as a distance runner. I long for the common goal of team sports, but I also value the responsibility and clear results that come from working toward my own running targets. So it’s odd to me that people prefer individual fitness pursuits to team sports. One common explanation is that organized sports haven’t bounced back since the pandemic (疫情) a few years ago. When people learned to exercise with less money, equipment, space, time and organization, they kept individual activities. Meanwhile, there are now fitness apps for users to tailor works based on their heart rates and sleep quality. The rise of wearables has also got some of us addicted to our own exercise routines. However, an obvious problem for individual sports is loneliness. Engaging in team sports is a proven way to ease it, which boosts our ability to interact and form meaningful relationships. Well, Hyrox is a combined activity: an individual sport that we do with others. Each competition follows the same scoring system, which allows people to compare their results with others around the world. It’s the type that’s come to dominate the fitness world. And according to Guy Faulkner, a professor at the University of British Columbia, if it gets people out of the door, then it’s a good one. “The most effective form of sport,” he said, “is the form you will sustain.” 8. What is the key feature of Hyrox? A. It requires teamwork and shared plans. B. It is organized to find sports partners. C. It skips physical challenges for leisure. D. It is self-paced but ranked with others. 9. What is paragraph 3 mainly about? A. Negative effects of the pandemic. B. Methods of choosing wearables. C. Reasons for the shift to individual fitness. D. Tailored workouts with fitness apps. 10. How does Hyrox address the problem with individual sports? A. By targeting people afraid of public interactions. B. By connecting individuals with shared experiences. C. By prioritizing personal achievements over group goals. D. By offering a kind of treatment for mental health issues. 11. What does Guy Faulkner consider the most effective sport? A. Sport that requires the least effort. B. Sport that involves more people. C. Sport that one will do consistently. D. Sport that provides the quickest results. 【答案】8. D 9. C 10. B 11. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种名为Hyrox的运动形式，介绍了其特点以及优势。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“It’s too early to name any activity The Sport of 2025, but if you asked me to do it today, I would give the title to Hyrox, which is an individual but interactive activity.(现在给任何一项活动命名为2025年的运动都还为时过早，但如果你让我今天做，我会把它命名为Hyrox，这是一项个人但互动的活动)”和倒数第二段“Well, Hyrox is a combined activity: an individual sport that we do with others. Each competition follows the same scoring system, which allows people to compare their results with others around the world.(Hyrox是一项联合活动：我们和其他人一起进行的个人运动。每次比赛都采用相同的计分系统，这使得人们可以将自己的成绩与世界各地的其他人进行比较)”可知，Hyrox的关键特性是它是自定节奏，与他人进行比较排名。故选D。 【9题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第三段“One common explanation is that organized sports haven’t bounced back since the pandemic (疫情) a few years ago. When people learned to exercise with less money, equipment, space, time and organization, they kept individual activities. Meanwhile, there are now fitness apps for users to tailor works based on their heart rates and sleep quality. The rise of wearables has also got some of us addicted to our own exercise routines.(一种常见的解释是，自几年前的大流行以来，有组织的体育运动一直没有反弹。当人们学会用更少的钱、设备、空间、时间和组织进行锻炼时，他们会保持个人活动。与此同时，现在有一些健身应用程序可以让用户根据自己的心率和睡眠质量来定制健身项目。可穿戴设备的兴起也让我们中的一些人沉迷于自己的锻炼习惯)”可知，第三段的主要内容是转向个人健身的原因。故选C。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Engaging in team sports is a proven way to ease it, which boosts our ability to interact and form meaningful relationships. Well, Hyrox is a combined activity: an individual sport that we do with others. Each competition follows the same scoring system, which allows people to compare their results with others around the world.(参加团队运动是一种行之有效的缓解方法，它能提高我们互动和建立有意义的关系的能力。Hyrox是一项联合活动：我们和其他人一起进行的个人运动。每次比赛都采用相同的计分系统，这使得人们可以将自己的成绩与世界各地的其他人进行比较)”可知，Hyrox通过将个人与共同的经历联系起来以解决个人运动的问题。故选B。 【11题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段““The most effective form of sport,” he said, “is the form you will sustain.”(“最有效的运动形式，”他说，“是你能保持的形式。”)”可知，盖伊·福克纳认为坚持做的运动是最有效的运动。故选C。 D For hundreds of years, the island of Santiago has been home to a unique population of free-ranging monkeys, creating a popular natural laboratory for researchers. In 2017, a hurricane significantly impacted the island, destroying more than two-thirds of plants. Even now, tree cover remains far below pre-hurricane levels, which makes shade a precious resource for the monkeys. In response to the violent changes caused by the hurricane, they increased tolerance and decreased attacks towards each other, a new study found. The researchers were motivated by a finding in their previous work on the same monkey population: The animals became more accepting of one another and built new relationships despite insufficient resource availability. But this time, the team wanted to explore whether the monkeys were simply passively engaging in these shade-sharing behaviors due to the fact that they were being “forced” into limited space. For 10 years in a row, the researchers collected behavioral data across seven social groups. They constructed networks for each group to draw comparisons before and after the hurricane. “Before the hurricane, tolerating others had no impact on the risk of death,” first author Testard says. “Afterwards, the monkeys that displayed more than average social tolerance and were therefore better able to share shade, were 42% less likely to die than those that were less tolerant.” This represents a sudden change in “selection pressure”, the evolutionary (进化的) benefits or costs of different characteristics or behaviors. “To access shade, they need to tolerate and be tolerated by others, and we found that this tolerance influences other daily interactions,” says Testard. “Monkeys that began sharing shade also spent time together in the mornings, before the day’s heat forces them to seek shade.” Professor Brent adds that “monkeys are known for living in an aggressive (好斗的) and highly competitive society. But in the heat caused by ecological changes, they cooperatively coped with disturbances in the environment. We were surprised that the monkeys’ social behavior was so flexible, making them quickly adjust to this environmental change.” 12. How did the hurricane affect the monkeys? A. They had a higher death rate. B. They were more friendly to companions. C. They developed resistance to disasters. D. They moved to places with more shade. 13. What’s the purpose of the new study? A. To find out how the monkeys shared shade. B. To confirm the interactions between the monkeys. C. To study the impacts of resources on monkeys. D. To explore the reasons for the monkeys’ tolerance. 14. What led to monkeys’ changing behavior? A. The chance of better survival. B. The larger population of monkeys. C. The easy availability of resources. D. The increasing human disturbances. 15. What does the text mainly talk about? A. Natural disasters are the main danger facing wild animals. B. Monkeys rely on human intervention to survive disasters. C. Aggression is the primary social behavior in monkey groups. D. Environmental pressure drives animals’ rapid behavioral evolution. 【答案】12. B 13. D 14. A 15. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了圣地亚哥岛的猴子在飓风导致环境变化（树荫资源不足）的压力下，从好斗、竞争的社会行为转变为更具容忍性和合作性的行为，并且这种行为的改变有助于它们更好地生存，体现了环境压力促使动物行为快速进化。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“Even now, tree cover remains far below pre-hurricane levels, which makes shade a precious resource for the monkeys. In response to the violent changes caused by the hurricane, they increased tolerance and decreased attacks towards each other, a new study found. (即使是现在，树木覆盖率仍然远远低于飓风前的水平，这使得树荫成为猴子的宝贵资源。一项新的研究发现，为了应对飓风造成的剧烈变化，它们增加了容忍度，减少了对彼此的攻击。)”可知，飓风使得树木覆盖量远低于飓风前水平，树荫成为珍贵资源，猴子们对此的反应是增加了对彼此的容忍度，减少了相互攻击，即它们对同伴更友好了。故选B项。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“But this time, the team wanted to explore whether the monkeys were simply passively engaging in these shade-sharing behaviors due to the fact that they were being “forced” into limited space. (但这一次，研究小组想要探索猴子是否只是被动地参与这些阴影分享行为，因为它们被“强迫”进入有限的空间。)”可知，研究团队之前发现猴子们在资源不足的情况下变得更能接受彼此并建立新关系，这次他们想探究猴子们进行这些共享树荫行为的原因，是因为被“逼”进有限空间而被动为之，还是有其他原因，也就是探究猴子容忍行为的原因。故选D项。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中““Before the hurricane, tolerating others had no impact on the risk of death,” first author Testard says. “Afterwards, the monkeys that displayed more than average social tolerance and were therefore better able to share shade, were 42% less likely to die than those that were less tolerant.” (“在飓风之前，容忍他人对死亡风险没有影响，”第一作者特斯塔德说。“之后，那些表现出高于平均水平的社会容忍度，因此能够更好地分享阴影的猴子，比那些容忍度较低的猴子死亡的可能性低42%。”)”可知，飓风过后，表现出更多社会容忍度、更能共享树荫的猴子比容忍度低的猴子死亡率低 42%，所以是更好的生存机会导致了猴子行为的改变。故选A项。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。根据文章大意以及最后一段“Professor Brent adds that “monkeys are known for living in an aggressive(好斗的)and highly competitive society. But in the heat caused by ecological changes, they cooperatively coped with disturbances in the environment. We were surprised that the monkeys’ social behavior was so flexible, making them quickly adjust to this environmental change.” (布伦特教授补充说：“众所周知，猴子生活在一个充满侵略性和高度竞争的社会中。但在生态变化引起的高温下，它们合作应对环境中的干扰。我们惊讶于猴子的社会行为如此灵活，使它们能够迅速适应这种环境变化。”)”可知，文章主要讲述了圣地亚哥岛的猴子在飓风导致环境变化（树荫资源不足）的压力下，从好斗、竞争的社会行为转变为更具容忍性和合作性的行为，并且这种行为的改变有助于它们更好地生存，体现了环境压力促使动物行为快速进化。故选D项。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2. 5分, 满分12. 5分） 阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Have you ever wondered who it was that invented mathematics? Actually, unlike a light bulb or a computer, mathematics isn’t something that was invented by someone. ____16____ And its discovery can’t even be attributed to one person. Instead, mathematics developed gradually over thousands of years through the contributions of many people! ____17____ No one can know for sure, but we can use our imaginations to think about how mathematics might have gotten its start. For example, if we go all the way back to prehistoric humans gathering peaches to eat, we can imagine how this basic task probably gave rise to a need for math. If you and your prehistoric friend gathered a basket full of peaches, you’d probably agree to split them evenly. First, you’d need to know how many peaches you gathered. ____18____ You might first need to come up with names for the basic units of measurement. This might be how counting and the earliest numbers came about. Similarly, division might have originated from the need to split that pile of peaches. ____19____ And scientists believe that many basic mathematical functions, such as addition and multiplication appeared thousands of years ago in various areas at the same time, including China, India, Mesopotamia, and Egypt. More advanced mathematics is traced to ancient Greece over 2,500 years ago. ____20____ Since then, mathematical findings have inspired later mathematicians and scientists to build on predecessors’ work, continuously broadening our comprehension of mathematics and its connection to the world. A. How did it get started? B. It’s really more of a discovery. C. That means you’d need to count them. D. Prehistoric humans may have known more math than we assume. E. They would have been the first to discover the basics of mathematics. F. It was around this time that mathematics first became an organized science. G. In fact, many mathematical principles were developed in response to practical needs. 【答案】16. B 17. A 18. C 19. G 20. F 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了数学的起源和发展过程。 【16题详解】 由上文“Actually, unlike a light bulb or a computer, mathematics isn’t something that was invented by someone. (实际上，与灯泡或电脑不同，数学不是由某个人发明的东西。)”及下文“And its discovery can’t even be attributed to one person. (而且它的发现甚至不能归功于一个人。)”本空应进一步阐述数学不是发明而是发现这一观点。B选项“It’s really more of a discovery. (它其实更像是一种发现。)”能承上启下，符合语境。故选B。 【17题详解】 由下文“No one can know for sure, but we can use our imaginations to think about how mathematics might have gotten its start. (没有人能够确切地知道，但我们可以发挥我们的想象力来思考数学是如何起源的。)”可知，本空应提出关于数学起源的问题，A选项“How did it get started? (它是如何开始的？)”能引出下文，符合题意。故选A。 【18题详解】 由上文“First, you’d need to know how many peaches you gathered. (首先，你需要知道你摘了多少桃子。)”可知，上文提到了需要知道桃子的数量，因此本空应解释如何得知数量，C选项“That means you’d need to count them. (那意味着你需要数一下它们。)”能承接上文，解释了如何得知桃子的数量，符合题意。故选C。 【19题详解】 由上文“Similarly, division might have originated from the need to split that pile of peaches. (同样，除法可能起源于分割那堆桃子的需要。)”可知，上文提到了除法可能起源于分割桃子的需要，本空应进一步说明数学运算与实际需求的关系。G选项“In fact, many mathematical principles were developed in response to practical needs. (事实上，许多数学原理都是为了满足实际需要而发展起来的。)”能承接上文，进一步解释了数学原理与实际需要的关系，符合题意。故选G。 【20题详解】 由上文“More advanced mathematics is traced to ancient Greece over 2,500 years ago. (更高级的数学可以追溯到2500多年前的古希腊。)”及下文“Since then, mathematical findings have inspired later mathematicians and scientists to build on predecessors’ work, continuously broadening our comprehension of mathematics and its connection to the world.” (从那以后，数学发现激励着后来的数学家和科学家在前辈的工作基础上继续研究，不断拓宽我们对数学及其与世界联系的理解。)”可知，本空应进一步解释古希腊时期数学的发展情况。F选项“It was around this time that mathematics first became an organized science.” (大约就是在这个时候，数学首次成为一门有系统的科学。)”能承上启下，符合语境。故选F。 第三部分 语言知识运用（共三小节。满分45分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分, 满分15分）阅读下面短文, 从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中, 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Geoff Holt was born to sail. By 18, he had sailed across the Atlantic Ocean three times and ____21____ several solo voyages. A life-changing ____22____ in 1984 threatened to end his life on the ocean waves, leaving the ____23____ sailor disabled. Despite the setback, his passion for sailing was ____24____ when he sailed all by himself a specially adapted boat for the disabled. This experience made him the first disabled person to cross the Atlantic ____25____. Committed to offering others with disabilities the ____26____ of sailing, Holt established the Wetwheels Foundation in 2011, ____27____ by his personal achievements. It provides ____28____ boats for wheelchair access, securing a delightful sailing. With support, the first boat, Wetwheels Solent, was ____29____ in Portsmouth, and subsequently, boats in other locations set sail as well. Building on this, Holt _____30_____ “blue health”, a concept that links the-sea and overall health. Thus, the Wetwheels trips offer a sensory-rich sailing experience for the disabled, _____31_____ them into fighters in life. Rather than simply passengers, they are active _____32_____. With a goal to _____33_____ 12,000 people annually by 2027, Holt took up the challenge to raise more funds. Holt’s story shows the power of _____34_____ and the belief that disability isn’t blocks to dreams. Holt will continue to _____35_____ barriers, one wave at a time. 21. A. organized B. viewed C. designed D. completed 22. A. accident B. discovery C. choice D. decision 23. A. cheerful B. modest C. innocent D. seasoned 24. A. praised B. reawakened C. shared D. replaced 25. A. unharmed B. unchallenged C. unassisted D. undisturbed 26. A. truth B. joy C. space D. method 27. A. promised B. indicated C. fueled D. controlled 28. A. well-decorated B. mind-blowing C. high-quality D. custom-made 29 A. launched B. bought C. tested D. constructed 30. A. doubts B. explains C. mentions D. advocates 31. A. forcing B. transforming C. persuading D. begging 32. A. observers B. guides C. participants D. volunteers 33. A. support B. impress C. meet D. respect 34. A. patience B. generosity C. creativity D. determination 35. A. put aside B. break down C. keep off D. pick up 【答案】21. D 22. A 23. D 24. B 25. C 26. B 27. C 28. D 29. A 30. D 31. B 32. C 33. A 34. D 35. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述残疾航海家Geoff Holt在遭遇事故后重燃航海热情，创立基金会帮助残疾人体验航海，并倡导“蓝色健康”理念的故事。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：18岁时，他已经三次横渡大西洋，完成了几次单人航行。A. organized组织；B. viewed观看；C. designed设计；D. completed完成。根据“he had sailed across the Atlantic Ocean three times”可知他已经三次横渡大西洋，可推理出他18岁时已经完成了几次单人航行，故选D项。 【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：1984年，一场改变他人生的事故威胁到了他在海浪上的生命，使这位经验丰富的水手变成了残疾人。A. accident事故；B. discovery发现；C. choice选择；D. decision决定。根据下文“threatened to end his life on the ocean waves”可知下文说的是威胁到了他在海浪上的生命，可推理出他在海上遇到了事故，故选A项。 【23题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. cheerful快乐的；B. modest谦虚的；C. innocent无辜的；D. seasoned经验丰富的。根据“By 18, he had sailed across the Atlantic Ocean three times”可知，他在18岁前已经多次航海，是一位经验丰富的水手，故选D项。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管遭遇了挫折，但当他独自驾驶一艘为残疾人特制的船时，他对航海的热情又重新被唤醒。A. praised赞扬；B. reawakened重新唤醒；C. shared分享；D. replaced代替。根据上文“Despite the setback, his passion for sailing was”以及下文“he sailed all by himself a specially adapted boat for the disabled”可知，尽管他遭遇了挫折，他独自驾驶着一艘为残疾人特别改装的船只，可推理出他对航海的热情被重新唤醒，故选B项。 【25题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这次经历使他成为第一个在无人帮助的情况下横渡大西洋的残疾人。A. unharmed未受伤的；B. unchallenged未受挑战的；C. unassisted无人帮助的；D. undisturbed未受干扰的。根据上文“he sailed all by himself a specially adapted boat for the disabled”可知他独自驾驶着一艘为残疾人特别改装的船只，可推理出他是一个在无人帮助的情况下横渡大西洋的残疾人，故选C项。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：霍尔特致力于为其他残疾人提供航海的快乐，于2011年成立了Wetwheels基金会，这一举动受到了他个人成就的鼓舞。A. truth事实；B. joy快乐；C. space空间；D. method方法。根据下文“securing a delightful sailing”可知下文说的是确保快乐航行，可推理出霍尔特为残疾人提供航海的快乐，故选B项。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. promised承诺；B. indicated表明；C. fueled激发，刺激；D. controlled控制。根据“by his personal achievements”可知下文提到了他的个人的成就，可推理出他的个人成就鼓舞他成立基金会，为残疾人提供航海的快乐，故选C项。 【28题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它提供专门定制的船只，供轮椅进入，确保愉快的航行。A. well-decorated装饰精美的；B. mind-blowing令人兴奋的；C. high-quality高质量的；D. custom-made定制的。根据“boats for wheelchair access”可知这些船可以供轮椅进入，可推理出这些船是专门定制的，故选D项。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在大家的支持下，第一艘船Wetwheels Solent在朴茨茅斯下水，随后其他地方的船只也相继启航。A. launched发动，下水；B. bought买；C. tested测试；D. constructed建造。根据下文“boats in other locations set sail as well”可知下文说的是其他地方的船只也相继启航，可推理出此处指第一艘船在朴茨茅斯下水，故选A项。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在此基础上，霍尔特倡导“蓝色健康”，这是一个将海洋与整体健康联系起来的概念。A. doubts怀疑；B. explains解释；C. mentions提到；D. advocates倡导。根据下文“a concept that links the sea and overall health”可知下文说的是一个将海洋与整体健康联系起来的概念，可推理出这是霍尔特倡导的一个理念，故选D项。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：因此，Wetwheels之旅为残疾人提供了感官丰富的航海体验，将他们变成生活中的斗士。A. forcing强迫；B. transforming转变；C. persuading劝说；D. begging乞求。根据下文“them into fighters in life”可知下文说的是生活中的斗士，此次航海之旅将残疾人转变成生活中的斗士，故选B项。 【32题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们不仅仅是乘客，而是积极的参与者。A. observers观察者；B. guides导游；C. participants参与者；D. volunteers志愿者。根据下文“12,000 people annually by 2027”可知下文说的是他们的目标是到2027年每年有12000人参与，可推理出他们积极参与其中，故选C项。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：霍尔特的目标是到2027年每年支持12000人，因此他接受了筹集更多资金的挑战。A. support支持；B. impress使印象深刻；C. meet遇见；D. respect尊重。根据上文“them into fighters in life”可知上文说的是把它们从残疾人变成生活中的斗士，可推理出此处说的是霍尔特是为了支持更多残疾人，故选A项。 【34题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：霍尔特的故事显示了决心的力量和残疾不是梦想障碍的信念。A. patience耐心；B. generosity慷慨；C. creativity创造力；D. determination决心。根据下文“the belief that disability isn’t blocks to dreams”可知下文说的是残疾不是梦想障碍的信念，可推理出霍尔特虽身有残疾，但仍坚持实现梦想，这显示了决心的力量，故选D项。 【35题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：霍尔特将继续一次一个浪花地打破障碍。A. put aside储存；B. break down打破，分解；C. keep off远离；D. pick up捡起。根据上文“the belief that disability isn’t blocks to dreams”以及下文“barriers, one wave at a time”可知霍尔特认为残疾不是梦想的障碍，再根据下文提到的“障碍”以及“一次一个浪花”，可推理出此处说的是霍尔特将继续一次一个浪花地打破障碍，故选B项。 第二节 词汇语法选择题（共15小题；每小题1分, 满分15分） 36. When ______ about his sudden decision the manager simply smiled without ______ a word. A. asked; speaking B. asking; spoken C. to ask; to speak D. asks; speak 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查状语从句的省略和非谓语动词。句意：当被问及他突然做出的这一决定时，这位经理只是微微一笑，没有说话。根据选项内容和第一个空格前的连词when可知，逗号前的部分是when引导的时间状语从句的省略形式，when引导的完整从句是When he was asked about his sudden decision，从句的主语和主句的主语一致，且从句中有be动词was，符合状语从句省略的条件，省略从句的主语和be动词，所以第一个空格处用asked。由第二空格前的介词without可知，第二个空格处应该用动名词作宾语。故选A项。 37. ________ the warning message, more deaths would have been caused in the village in the earthquake A. Regardless of B. Instead of C. But for D. Except for 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：要不是有这条警告信息，地震中这个村庄会有更多人死亡。 A. Regardless of 不管，不顾；B. Instead of 代替，而不是； C. But for 要不是，如果没有； D. Except for 除了……之外。根据下文“more deaths would have been caused in the village in the earthquake”可知，要不是有这条警告信息，地震中这个村庄会有更多人死亡。故选C。 38. Fully ________ in balancing his business and family, Jane can spare little time for various activities in the club. A. devoted B. contributed C. occupied D. attached 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：简忙于平衡工作和家庭，几乎没有时间参加俱乐部的各种活动。A. devoted奉献；B. contributed做贡献；C. occupied忙于；D. attached附加。根据后文“Jane can spare little time for various activities in the club.”指忙于平衡工作和家庭，用(be) occupied in。故选C。 39. She was tired and wanted to find a bench to sit on for a while, but they were all ________. A. given away B. kept away C. taken up D. used up 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：她累了，想找条长凳坐一会儿，但长凳都被人占满了。A. given away赠送；B. kept away远离；C. taken up占据；D. used up用完。根据wanted to find a bench to sit on以及but可知，她想找条长凳坐一会儿，但是长凳都被占了，没有空位了，故选C项。 40. The film Nezha was quite ________ hit across China, bringing in ________ amazing income within a month. A. a; an B. /; an C. a; / D. a; the 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查冠词。句意：电影《哪吒》在中国大获成功，一个月内就创下了惊人的票房收入。分析句子可知，hit在此处为可数名词，意为“成功的事物（如电影、歌曲等）”，这里表示泛指“一部成功的电影”，且quite a hit是固定搭配，意为“相当成功”，故用不定冠词a；第二空中，这里表示“一笔可观的收入”，应用不定冠词表泛指：且amazing以元音音素开头，故用不定冠词an。故选A项。 41. The final exam is so difficult that ________ student ________ it. A. over one; has failed B. more than one; has failed C. one more; have failed D. many a; have failed 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查主谓一致。句意：期末考试太难了，以至于不止一个学生考试不及格。more than one是固定表达，意为“不止一个”，后接单数名词student。尽管意义上表示复数，但语法上要求单数动词has failed。over one不是习惯表达；one more“另一个”和many a修饰单数名词时，动词必须用单数形式。故选B。 42. The Africa athlete raced with just one shoe on and her right foot ________. A. rare B. bare C. mere D. tire 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这位非洲运动员仅穿着一只鞋参加比赛，右脚赤裸着。A. rare稀有的；罕见的；B. bare赤裸的；光秃的；C. mere仅仅的；只不过的；D. tire使疲劳。根据“The Africa athlete raced with just one shoe (这位非洲运动员仅穿着一只鞋参加比赛)”可知，运动员仅穿着一只鞋参加比赛，所以右脚是赤裸的，“bare”意为“赤裸的”，符合语境。故选B项。 43. My assistant has asked three days off. Can you ________ ? I’m nearly worn out. A. take the lead B. settle down C. move on D. help out 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：我的助理请了三天假。你能帮忙吗？我快累垮了。A. take the lead带头；B. settle down定居，安定下来；C. move on继续前进；D. help out帮忙。根据“I’m nearly worn out”可知，此处是在救助，help out“帮助”符合题意。故选D。 44. Don’t let ________ steam easily. Or you’ll let your parents and friends ________. A. off; down B. down; off C. out; through D. on; up 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：别轻易发脾气。否则你会让你的父母和朋友失望的。动词短语let off表示“宽恕、使爆炸”，let off steam表示“发泄怒气”，let...down表示“使失望或沮丧”，let out表示“发出、泄露”，let out steam表示“释放蒸汽”，let...through表示“让……通过、放行”，let on表示“泄露”，let sb up表示“让某人起来”，根据句意，第一个空应用off，表示“不要轻易发脾气”，第二个空应用down，表示“让你的父母和朋友失望”。故选A。 45. The artist found ________ in the vibrant colours of the sunset, which motivated him to create a new masterpiece. A. cultivation B. inspiration C. exhibition D. concentration 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这位艺术家从日落绚丽的色彩中找到了灵感，这促使他创作了一幅新的杰作。A. cultivation培养；B. inspiration灵感；C. exhibition展览；D. concentration专注。根据句意和create a new masterpiece可知，这里指这位艺术家从日落中找到了灵感从而创造出新作。故选B项。 46. Drug use is now thought to ________ about three-quarters of all ________ cases of HIV in that country. A. make for; reported B. account for; reporting C. make for; reporting D. account for; reported 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语辨析及非谓语动词。句意：现在人们认为，在那个国家，所有已报告的艾滋病病例中，约有四分之三是由吸毒引起的。第一空，make for意为“走向；有助于；促进”；account for意为“（数量或比例上）占；解释；是……的原因”。根据语境可知，此处表示“药物使用是导致……的原因”，应用account for。第二空，分析句子结构可知，空处修饰名词cases，且report与cases之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，应用过去分词作定语，表示被动和完成。故选D项。 47. With this equipment, you can ________ underwater world! A. experiment B. explore C. expose D. expand 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：利用这种设备，你就能探索水下世界。A. experiment实验；B. explore探险；C. expose使暴露；D. expand(使)扩大。根据“With this equipment”以及下文“underwater world(水下世界)”可知，指有了这项设备就可以探索水下世界，故选B项。 48. I admire Edison a lot because he made a great ________ to the world. A. contribution B. mission C. extension D. distinction 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我很钦佩爱迪生，因为他对世界做出了巨大的贡献。A. contribution贡献；B. mission使命；C. extension延伸；D. distinction区别，差别。根据“I admire Edison a lot”可知，钦佩爱迪生是因为他对世界做出了巨大的贡献，make a great contribution to...为固定搭配，意为“为……做出巨大贡献”，符合语境。故选A。 49. Hearing that he had passed the exam, he sighed in ________. A. sadness B. relief C. anger D. disappointment 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：听到他考试及格的消息，他如释重负地叹了口气。A. sadness悲伤；B. relief宽慰，轻松；C. anger愤怒；D. disappointment失望。根据“Hearing that he had passed the exam”可知，听到考试及格的消息，他应该是如释重负地叹了口气，in relief为固定搭配，意为“如释重负地”，符合语境。故选B。 50. Tom promised me that he me a hand when I was in trouble, but he didn’ t. A. would give B. will give C. had given D. has given 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：汤姆答应我，当我遇到麻烦时他会帮我，但他没有做到。分析句子可知，主句“Tom promised me”使用了一般过去时，说明“答应”这一动作发生在过去。宾语从句中“帮我”的动作是汤姆在过去承诺“将来”会做的事，相对于过去的时间而言，应用过去将来时（would + 动词原形）。故选A项。 第三节（共10小题；每小题1. 5分, 满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The origins of the umbrella can be traced back over thousands of years to early human societies. Initially used as sunshades, these early umbrellas ___51___ (fashion) from materials like silk or paper, and waterproofed with wax (蜡) and lacquer (漆) ___52___ (offer) rain protection. According to Chinese legend, the first umbrella in ancient China was invented by Lady Yun, the wife of Lu Ban, a renowned craftsman in Chinese history. At the time, people relied on straw hats and capes during rainy days, ___53___ proved inconvenient for travel. Inspired by ___54___ sight of people taking shelter under eaves (屋檐), Lady Yun created a folding device made of bamboo and fabric. LuBan later improved this design, making it ___55___ (practical) for rain and sun protection than before, paving the way ___56___ the modern umbrella — a proof of the wisdom and ___57___ (creative) of early Chinese people. Pioneer ___58___ China may be in the development of umbrellas, similar devices appeared in other ancient civilizations, such as Egypt, Assyria, and Greece, primarily for sun protection. The word “umbrella” ____59____ (it) originates from the Latin “umbra”, meaning “shade”. Over time, as waterproofing techniques advanced, umbrellas changed from simple sunshades to essential tools for rain protection, ____60____ (gain) widespread popularity across the globe. 【答案】51. were fashioned 52. to offer 53. which 54. the 55. more practical 56. for 57. creativity 58. as##though 59. itself 60. gaining 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述的是伞的起源与发展，从古代中国到全球普及，展现其演变和文化意义。 【51题详解】 考查谓语动词。句意：最初作为遮阳工具，这些早期的伞使用丝绸或纸张等材料制作，并用蜡和漆进行防水处理，以提供防雨保护。此处为谓语动词，fashion意为“制作”与主语these early umbrellas之间为被动关系，且根据Initially以及early可知，此处描述的是过去发生的事情，所以此处使用一般过去时的被动语态，主语为名词复数。故填were fashioned。 【52题详解】 考查动词不定式。句意：最初作为遮阳工具，这些早期的伞使用丝绸或纸张等材料制作，并用蜡和漆进行防水处理，以提供防雨保护。此处为非谓语动词作状语，根据句意，此处表示目的，所以使用动词不定式形式作目的状语。故填to offer。 【53题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：当时人们在下雨天依赖草帽和斗篷，这证明了旅行的不便。此处为关系词引导的非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先行词指的是主句的内容，指事情，所以此处使用关系代词which。故填which。 【54题详解】 考查冠词。句意：受到人们在屋檐下避雨景象的启发，云氏创造了一个由竹子和布料制成的折叠装置。结合句意可知，此处表示的是特指，指的是“人们在屋檐下避雨的”景象，所以使用定冠词the。故填the。 【55题详解】 考查形容词比较级。句意：后来鲁班改进了这一设计，使其比以前更实用，既能更好地防雨又能遮阳，为现代伞的出现铺平了道路——这是早期中国人的智慧和创造力的证明。此处为形容词作宾补，结合than before可知，此处使用形容词的比较级形式more practical意为“更实用的”。故填more practical。 【56题详解】 考查介词。句意：后来鲁班改进了这一设计，使其比以前更实用，既能更好地防雨又能遮阳，为现代伞的出现铺平了道路——这是早期中国人的智慧和创造力的证明。此处为固定短语pave the way for意为“为……铺平道路”符合句意，所以此处使用介词for。故填for。 【57题详解】 考查名词。句意：后来鲁班改进了这一设计，使其比以前更实用，既能更好地防雨又能遮阳，为现代伞的出现铺平了道路——这是早期中国人的智慧和创造力的证明。此处为名词作宾语，creative的名词creativity意为“创造力”与wisdom为并列关系。故填creativity。 【58题详解】 考查状语从句和倒装。句意：虽然中国可能是伞发展的先驱，但在其他古代文明如埃及、亚述和希腊也出现了类似的设备，主要用于遮阳。此空前为形容词，运用了倒装结构，结合句意可知，此处为as或though引导的让步状语从句，即“adj.+as/though+主语+谓语”。故填as/though。 【59题详解】 考查反身代词。句意：“umbrella”这个词本身源自拉丁语“umbra”，意思是“阴影”。此处为名词umbrella的同位语，指的是同一事物，所以使用反身代词itself。故填itself。 【60题详解】 考查现在分词。句意：随着时间的推移，随着防水技术的进步，伞从简单的遮阳工具变成了必不可少的防雨工具，在全球范围内获得了广泛的普及。此处为非谓语动词短语作状语，gain与逻辑主语umbrellas之间为主动关系，所以此处使用现在分词形式。故填gaining。 第四部分 单句填空（共10小题, 每题1分, 共10分） 61. Marriages without __________ (register) is not recognized by law. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】 registration 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：未登记的婚姻不受法律认可。分析句子可知，此空应填名词作介词后宾语，registration，表“登记”，为不可数名词，符合句意。故填registration。 62. It is no longer _______ (desire) for adult children to live with their parents. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】desirable 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：成年子女与父母同住已不再可取。句中用形容词作表语。desire的形容词为desirable，表示“值得做的”之意。故填desirable。 63. To keep the town clean, the truck ______ (load) with garbage is prevented from entering to town. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】loaded 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：为了保持城镇清洁，装载着垃圾的卡车被禁止进入城镇。句子中已有谓语动词is prevented，所以load 要用非谓语形式。truck与load 之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词 loaded 作后置定语修饰 truck。故填loaded。 64. Going down onto the platform is like jumping into a volcano that’s e______ (喷发). (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】erupting##rupting 【解析】 【详解】考查动词。句意：下到站台上就像跳进一座正在喷发的火山。根据中英文提示可知，erupt“喷发”，动词，从句是现在进行时，空处使用现在分词，故填erupting。 65. When ________ (inform) of the sudden change, all the students adjusted their schedules. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】informed 【解析】 【详解】考查省略句。句意：当被告知突然的变化时，所有的学生都调整了他们的日程安排。此处为when引导的时间状语从句的省略，当从句主语和主句主语一致且从句含有be的某种形式时，可省略从句的主语和be，从句完整形式为“When all the students were informed of the sudden change”，省略了all the students和were。故填informed。 66. The terrible earthquake struck Chile in 1960, ________ (claim) 1,000 plus lives. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】claiming 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：1960年，智利发生了可怕的地震，夺走了1000多人的生命。句子主干成分完整，空处表示随着谓语行为自然发生的结果，作结果状语，应用claim“使丧生，致命”的现在分词形式。故填claiming。 67. The man was holding an old umbrella, sheltering his son___________ the rain. (用适当的词填空) 【答案】from 【解析】 【详解】考查介词。句意：那人打着一把旧伞，为儿子遮雨。shelter sb from...意为“保护；遮挡”固定搭配，故填from。 68. It never ________ (occur) to me that the criminal had escaped from the prison! (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】occurred 【解析】 【详解】考查时态。句意：我从来没有想到那个罪犯已经从监狱里逃出来了！空处为主句谓语动词，陈述过去的动作，用一般过去时。故填occurred。 69. She said that she _________ (water) the flower the next day but she didn’t. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】would water 【解析】 【详解】考查时态。句意：她说她第二天会给花浇水，但她没有。空处为宾语从句的谓语动词，根据时间状语the next day可知，宾语从句的时态应为过去将来时，表示从过去某一时间看将要发生的动作或存在的状态，结构为“would+动词原形”。故填would water。 70. Digging wells is a good way to solve the problem of water s______ (短缺). (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 【答案】shortage##hortage 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：打井是解决缺水问题的一个好办法。根据句意和汉语提示可知，空格处应该用名词shortage作介词of的宾语。故填shortage。 第五部分 应用文写作（15分） 71. 假定你是李华，想邀请你校交换生Allen一同参观正在市艺术中心举办的以My People, My Country为主题的书法绘画展（calligraphy and painting exhibition)。请给他写一封电子邮件，内容包括： 1.参观目的； 2.参观内容； 3.约定时间。 注意：1.词数80左右； 2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Dear Allen, Hearing that you are interested in Chinese culture, I’m writing to invite you to attend the calligraphy and painting exhibition being held in the Arts Centre of our city. The show, whose theme is “My People, My Country”, displays a variety of classic paintings about the diligent Chinese people and their happy life, from which you can also learn about the big change and the rapid development of the country in recent years. Besides, some great calligraphy works from some well-known artists are included. I’m sure you will be very interested in them. Will you be available on Saturday morning? I would like to pick you up at 8:30 a.m. at the school gate. Looking forward to your early reply. Yours sincerely, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给你校交换生Allen写一封电子邮件，邀请他与你一同参观正在市艺术中心举办的以 My People, My Country 为主题的书法绘画展。 【详解】1.词汇积累 对……感兴趣：be interested in→have an interest in 各种各样的：a variety of→all kinds of 此外：besides→what’s more 想要干某事：would like to do sth.→feel like doing sth. 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Besides, some great calligraphy works from some well-known artists are included. 拓展句：Besides, some great calligraphy works that come from some well-known artists are included. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Hearing that you are interested in Chinese culture, I’m writing to invite you to attend the calligraphy and painting exhibition being held in the Arts Centre of our city. (运用了现在分词作状语和that引导的宾语从句) 【高分句型2】The show, whose theme is “My People, My Country”, displays a variety of classic paintings about the diligent Chinese people and their happy life, from which you can also learn about the big change and the rapid development of the country in recent years. (运用了whose和“介词+关系代词（from which）”引导的非限制性定语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 鸡西一中高二学年开学考试 英语试题 考试时间：120分钟 分值：150分 第一部分 听力（共两节, 满分30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1. 5分, 满分7. 5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中出最佳选项, 并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后, 你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. Why do the speakers come here? A. To fetch breakfast. B. To have lunch. C. To cook supper. 2. What do we know about the delivery? A. It is free conditionally. B. It needs a whole day. C. It will be sent after 5 pm 3. When will the flight probably arrive? A. At 6:00 pm. B. At 8:00 pm. C. At 9:00 pm. 4. What does the man want to do? A. Make a payment. B. Test a machine. C. Wash clothes. 5. What is the relationship between Peter and Sandra? A. Mother and son. B. Husband and wife. C. Father and daughter. 第二节（共15小题：每小题1. 5分, 满分22. 5分 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题, 从题中所给的A、B、 C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前, 你将有时间阅读各个小题, 每题5秒钟；听完后, 各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料, 回答第6、7题。 6. Where did the woman go last month? A. A historical site. B. A silk museum. C. An antique shop. 7. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. The history of the Silk Road. B. Ruins of the Great Wall. C. A travel to Yumenguan Pass. 听第7段材料, 回答第8至10题。 8. What suggestion does Mr. Smith offer Julie? A. Recording the lectures. B. Taking extra assignments. C. Working much harder. 9. Why does Julie consult Mr. Smith about the extra credits? A. She has missed some of his classcs. B. She is worried about failing the course. C. She requires more tests for her grade. 10. When does the conversation probably take place? A. On Wednesday. B. On Thursday. C. On Friday. 听第8段材料, 回答第11至13题。 11. What does the man advise the woman to do? A. AI research. B. Data analysis. C. Voice acting. 12. What did the woman like as a little girl? A. Art. B. Biology. C. Computer. 13. What do we know about the woman's option of her particular future job? A. It is undecided. B. It is clear. C. It is disappointing. 听第9段材料, 回答第14至17题。 14. What do the speakers plan to do? A. Organize a game. B. Hold a BBQ party. C. Form a team. 15. Who are the basketball games intended for? A. Amateur players. B. Professional players. C. Girl players. 16. What problem do the speakers have to deal with? A. How to get enough girl participants. B When to contact the organizer. C. Where to hold the event. 17. Who is a member of the schooI basketball team? A. Clark. B. Jane. C. Alice 听第10段材料, 回答第18至20题。 18. Which was Jeffrey's best-seller? A. Gone with the Wind. B. The Art of Aging. C. The Last Lecture 19. Where did Jeffrey work in 1980? A. In Detroit. B. In Orlando. C. In Chicago. 20. What did Jeffrey's column focus on? A. Famous people. B. Advice business. C. Social problems. 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节, 满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2. 5分, 满分37. 5分） 阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中, 选出最佳答案。 A The Splendid Colors: Chinese Costume Culture Exhibition Date: Oct. 1-Dec.2 Location: South Exhibition Hall 12, 6/F, the China National Arts and Crafts Museum in Beijing Highlights This exhibition showcases traditional costumes from more than 30 ethnic (民族的) groups across various dynasties, emphasizing the unity within Chinese culture. Visitors can gain insights into their daily activities and infer the environmental conditions based on the materials and techniques used in the costumes. This is why experts nowadays refer to these costumes as “wearable history books”. Online Reservation All visitors can make a reservation 1-7 days in advance through our official website or official WeChat platform. All visitors shall arrive at the museum on time according to the reserved time schedule. If you miss the appointment, entry will be denied. If you cannot visit on time, please cancel at least 2 hours beforehand. Late cancellations will not get your money back. We do not currently accept group reservations. Entry Instructions Upon entering the museum, please present the original ID card used for making the reservation and the generated QR code (二维码). International visitors must present their passport along with the OR code. All visitors entering the museum shall go through a security screening. Visitors with access requirements and their accompanying family members or personal carers can skip the queues to enter the museum. 1. What is a purpose of the exhibition? A. To call for environmental protection. B. To celebrate the cultural unity of China. C. To explore the daily life of ethnic groups. D. To preserve the materials and techniques. 2. What will happen if you cancel your reservation 3 hours in advance? A. Your money will be returned. B. Your account will not be affected. C. Your appointment will be rescheduled. D. Your cancellation will not be accepted. 3. What are the visitors required to do when entering the museum? A. Take personal carers. B. Pay with their QR code. C. Pass a security check. D. Confirm their reservation. B A Dutch museum has recovered an artwork that looks like two empty beer cans after a staff member accidentally threw it in the rubbish bin. The work, entitled All the Good Times We Spent Together by the French artist Alexandre Lavet, appears on first glance to be two abandoned and dented (瘪的) beer tins. However, a closer look shows they are carefully hand-painted and required a lot of time and effort to create. Their artistic value was lost on a mechanic, who saw them displayed in a lift and threw them in the bin. The curator (馆长) Elisah van den Bergh returned from a short break and noticed the cans had disappeared. She recovered them from a bin bag just as they were about to be thrown out. Froukje Budding, of the LAM museum in Lisse, western Netherlands, said artworks were often left in unusual places—hence the display in a lift. “We try to surprise visitors for all the time,” she said. “We have now put the work in a more traditional place on a plinth (底座) so it can rest after its adventure.” She stressed there were no hard feelings towards the mechanic, who had just started at the museum, stating that he was simply performing his duties. Sietske van Zanten, the museum’s director, emphasized the museum’s mission to encourage visitors to see everyday objects in a new light. “By displaying artworks in unexpected places, we enhance this experience and keep visitors on their toes,” he added. Budding also noted the cans were unlikely to stay on their traditional plinth for long and that they needed to think hard about a careful place to put them next. 4. Why did the mechanic throw the artwork in the rubbish bin? A. Because it stood in the way. B. Because it took much space. C. Because it looked like real trash. D. Because it looked strange in the lift. 5. What was Budding’s attitude toward the mechanic’s behavior? A Understanding. B. Concerned. C. Critical. D. Unforgiving. 6. What does the underlined phrase in paragraph 4 mean? A. Make visitors ready for surprises. B. Remind visitors of dangers. C. Warn visitors not to litter. D. Show visitors around the museum. 7. What might happen to the artwork in the future? A. It will be kept in a safe. B. It will be put in a selected place. C. It will be sent back to the lift. D. It will be placed in a traditional setting. C It’s too early to name any activity The Sport of 2025, but if you asked me to do it today, I would give the title to Hyrox, which is an individual but interactive activity. Fitness fans run eight kilometres and stop after each to perform exercises such as sled pushes or burpees. The faster you complete the course, the higher your score is in the Hyrox worldwide rankings. Many surveys indicate that people are exercising more now than in previous years. It’s individual fitness pursuits that are driving the rise. I spent the first half of my 29-year-old life as a hockey player and the second as a distance runner. I long for the common goal of team sports, but I also value the responsibility and clear results that come from working toward my own running targets. So it’s odd to me that people prefer individual fitness pursuits to team sports. One common explanation is that organized sports haven’t bounced back since the pandemic (疫情) a few years ago. When people learned to exercise with less money, equipment, space, time and organization, they kept individual activities. Meanwhile, there are now fitness apps for users to tailor works based on their heart rates and sleep quality. The rise of wearables has also got some of us addicted to our own exercise routines. However, an obvious problem for individual sports is loneliness. Engaging in team sports is a proven way to ease it, which boosts our ability to interact and form meaningful relationships. Well, Hyrox is a combined activity: an individual sport that we do with others. Each competition follows the same scoring system, which allows people to compare their results with others around the world. It’s the type that’s come to dominate the fitness world. And, according to Guy Faulkner, a professor at the University of British Columbia, if it gets people out of the door, then it’s a good one. “The most effective form of sport,” he said, “is the form you will sustain.” 8. What is the key feature of Hyrox? A. It requires teamwork and shared plans. B. It is organized to find sports partners. C. It skips physical challenges for leisure. D. It is self-paced but ranked with others. 9. What is paragraph 3 mainly about? A Negative effects of the pandemic. B. Methods of choosing wearables. C. Reasons for the shift to individual fitness. D. Tailored workouts with fitness apps. 10. How does Hyrox address the problem with individual sports? A. By targeting people afraid of public interactions. B. By connecting individuals with shared experiences. C. By prioritizing personal achievements over group goals. D. By offering a kind of treatment for mental health issues. 11. What does Guy Faulkner consider the most effective sport? A. Sport that requires the least effort. B. Sport that involves more people. C. Sport that one will do consistently. D. Sport that provides the quickest results. D For hundreds of years, the island of Santiago has been home to a unique population of free-ranging monkeys, creating a popular natural laboratory for researchers. In 2017, a hurricane significantly impacted the island, destroying more than two-thirds of plants. Even now, tree cover remains far below pre-hurricane levels, which makes shade a precious resource for the monkeys. In response to the violent changes caused by the hurricane, they increased tolerance and decreased attacks towards each other, a new study found. The researchers were motivated by a finding in their previous work on the same monkey population: The animals became more accepting of one another and built new relationships despite insufficient resource availability. But this time, the team wanted to explore whether the monkeys were simply passively engaging in these shade-sharing behaviors due to the fact that they were being “forced” into limited space. For 10 years in a row, the researchers collected behavioral data across seven social groups. They constructed networks for each group to draw comparisons before and after the hurricane. “Before the hurricane, tolerating others had no impact on the risk of death,” first author Testard says. “Afterwards, the monkeys that displayed more than average social tolerance and were therefore better able to share shade, were 42% less likely to die than those that were less tolerant.” This represents a sudden change in “selection pressure”, the evolutionary (进化的) benefits or costs of different characteristics or behaviors. “To access shade, they need to tolerate and be tolerated by others, and we found that this tolerance influences other daily interactions,” says Testard. “Monkeys that began sharing shade also spent time together in the mornings, before the day’s heat forces them to seek shade.” Professor Brent adds that “monkeys are known for living in an aggressive (好斗的) and highly competitive society. But in the heat caused by ecological changes, they cooperatively coped with disturbances in the environment. We were surprised that the monkeys’ social behavior was so flexible, making them quickly adjust to this environmental change.” 12. How did the hurricane affect the monkeys? A. They had a higher death rate. B. They were more friendly to companions. C. They developed resistance to disasters. D. They moved to places with more shade. 13. What’s the purpose of the new study? A To find out how the monkeys shared shade. B. To confirm the interactions between the monkeys. C. To study the impacts of resources on monkeys. D. To explore the reasons for the monkeys’ tolerance. 14. What led to monkeys’ changing behavior? A. The chance of better survival. B. The larger population of monkeys. C. The easy availability of resources. D. The increasing human disturbances. 15. What does the text mainly talk about? A. Natural disasters are the main danger facing wild animals. B. Monkeys rely on human intervention to survive disasters. C. Aggression is the primary social behavior in monkey groups. D. Environmental pressure drives animals’ rapid behavioral evolution. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2. 5分, 满分12. 5分） 阅读下面短文, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Have you ever wondered who it was that invented mathematics? Actually, unlike a light bulb or a computer, mathematics isn’t something that was invented by someone. ____16____ And its discovery can’t even be attributed to one person. Instead, mathematics developed gradually over thousands of years through the contributions of many people! ____17____ No one can know for sure, but we can use our imaginations to think about how mathematics might have gotten its start. For example, if we go all the way back to prehistoric humans gathering peaches to eat, we can imagine how this basic task probably gave rise to a need for math. If you and your prehistoric friend gathered a basket full of peaches, you’d probably agree to split them evenly. First, you’d need to know how many peaches you gathered. ____18____ You might first need to come up with names for the basic units of measurement. This might be how counting and the earliest numbers came about. Similarly, division might have originated from the need to split that pile of peaches. ____19____ And scientists believe that many basic mathematical functions, such as addition and multiplication appeared thousands of years ago in various areas at the same time, including China, India, Mesopotamia, and Egypt. More advanced mathematics is traced to ancient Greece over 2,500 years ago. ____20____ Since then, mathematical findings have inspired later mathematicians and scientists to build on predecessors’ work, continuously broadening our comprehension of mathematics and its connection to the world. A. How did it get started? B. It’s really more of a discovery. C. That means you’d need to count them. D. Prehistoric humans may have known more math than we assume. E. They would have been the first to discover the basics of mathematics. F. It was around this time that mathematics first became an organized science. G. In fact, many mathematical principles were developed in response to practical needs. 第三部分 语言知识运用（共三小节。满分45分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分, 满分15分）阅读下面短文, 从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中, 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Geoff Holt was born to sail. By 18, he had sailed across the Atlantic Ocean three times and ____21____ several solo voyages. A life-changing ____22____ in 1984 threatened to end his life on the ocean waves, leaving the ____23____ sailor disabled. Despite the setback, his passion for sailing was ____24____ when he sailed all by himself a specially adapted boat for the disabled. This experience made him the first disabled person to cross the Atlantic ____25____. Committed to offering others with disabilities the ____26____ of sailing, Holt established the Wetwheels Foundation in 2011, ____27____ by his personal achievements. It provides ____28____ boats for wheelchair access, securing a delightful sailing. With support, the first boat, Wetwheels Solent, was ____29____ in Portsmouth, and subsequently, boats in other locations set sail as well. Building on this, Holt _____30_____ “blue health”, a concept that links the-sea and overall health. Thus, the Wetwheels trips offer a sensory-rich sailing experience for the disabled, _____31_____ them into fighters in life. Rather than simply passengers, they are active _____32_____. With a goal to _____33_____ 12,000 people annually by 2027, Holt took up the challenge to raise more funds. Holt’s story shows the power of _____34_____ and the belief that disability isn’t blocks to dreams. Holt will continue to _____35_____ barriers, one wave at a time. 21. A. organized B. viewed C. designed D. completed 22. A. accident B. discovery C. choice D. decision 23. A. cheerful B. modest C. innocent D. seasoned 24. A. praised B. reawakened C. shared D. replaced 25. A. unharmed B. unchallenged C. unassisted D. undisturbed 26. A. truth B. joy C. space D. method 27. A. promised B. indicated C. fueled D. controlled 28. A. well-decorated B. mind-blowing C. high-quality D. custom-made 29. A. launched B. bought C. tested D. constructed 30. A. doubts B. explains C. mentions D. advocates 31. A. forcing B. transforming C. persuading D. begging 32. A. observers B. guides C. participants D. volunteers 33. A. support B. impress C. meet D. respect 34. A. patience B. generosity C. creativity D. determination 35. A. put aside B. break down C. keep off D. pick up 第二节 词汇语法选择题（共15小题；每小题1分, 满分15分） 36. When ______ about his sudden decision, the manager simply smiled without ______ a word. A. asked; speaking B. asking; spoken C. to ask; to speak D. asks; speak 37. ________ the warning message, more deaths would have been caused in the village in the earthquake A. Regardless of B. Instead of C. But for D. Except for 38. Fully ________ in balancing his business and family, Jane can spare little time for various activities in the club. A. devoted B. contributed C. occupied D. attached 39. She was tired and wanted to find a bench to sit on for a while, but they were all ________. A. given away B. kept away C. taken up D. used up 40. The film Nezha was quite ________ hit across China, bringing in ________ amazing income within a month. A. a; an B. /; an C. a; / D. a; the 41. The final exam is so difficult that ________ student ________ it. A. over one; has failed B. more than one; has failed C. one more; have failed D. many a; have failed 42. The Africa athlete raced with just one shoe on and her right foot ________. A. rare B. bare C. mere D. tire 43. My assistant has asked three days off. Can you ________ ? I’m nearly worn out. A. take the lead B. settle down C. move on D. help out 44. Don’t let ________ steam easily. Or you’ll let your parents and friends ________. A. off; down B. down; off C. out; through D. on; up 45. The artist found ________ in the vibrant colours of the sunset, which motivated him to create a new masterpiece. A. cultivation B. inspiration C. exhibition D. concentration 46. Drug use is now thought to ________ about three-quarters of all ________ cases of HIV in that country. A. make for; reported B. account for; reporting C. make for; reporting D. account for; reported 47. With this equipment, you can ________ underwater world! A. experiment B. explore C. expose D. expand 48. I admire Edison a lot because he made a great ________ to the world. A. contribution B. mission C. extension D. distinction 49. Hearing that he had passed the exam, he sighed in ________. A. sadness B. relief C. anger D. disappointment 50. Tom promised me that he me a hand when I was in trouble but he didn’ t. A. would give B. will give C. had given D. has given 第三节（共10小题；每小题1. 5分, 满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The origins of the umbrella can be traced back over thousands of years to early human societies. Initially used as sunshades, these early umbrellas ___51___ (fashion) from materials like silk or paper, and waterproofed with wax (蜡) and lacquer (漆) ___52___ (offer) rain protection. According to Chinese legend, the first umbrella in ancient China was invented by Lady Yun, the wife of Lu Ban, a renowned craftsman in Chinese history. At the time, people relied on straw hats and capes during rainy days, ___53___ proved inconvenient for travel. Inspired by ___54___ sight of people taking shelter under eaves (屋檐), Lady Yun created a folding device made of bamboo and fabric. LuBan later improved this design, making it ___55___ (practical) for rain and sun protection than before, paving the way ___56___ the modern umbrella — a proof of the wisdom and ___57___ (creative) of early Chinese people. Pioneer ___58___ China may be in the development of umbrellas, similar devices appeared in other ancient civilizations, such as Egypt, Assyria, and Greece, primarily for sun protection. The word “umbrella” ____59____ (it) originates from the Latin “umbra”, meaning “shade”. Over time, as waterproofing techniques advanced, umbrellas changed from simple sunshades to essential tools for rain protection, ____60____ (gain) widespread popularity across the globe. 第四部分 单句填空（共10小题, 每题1分, 共10分） 61. Marriages without __________ (register) is not recognized by law. (所给词的适当形式填空) 62. It is no longer _______ (desire) for adult children to live with their parents. (所给词的适当形式填空) 63. To keep the town clean, the truck ______ (load) with garbage is prevented from entering to town. (所给词的适当形式填空) 64. Going down onto the platform is like jumping into a volcano that’s e______ (喷发). (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 65. When ________ (inform) of the sudden change, all the students adjusted their schedules. (所给词的适当形式填空) 66. The terrible earthquake struck Chile in 1960, ________ (claim) 1,000 plus lives. (所给词的适当形式填空) 67. The man was holding an old umbrella, sheltering his son___________ the rain. (用适当的词填空) 68. It never ________ (occur) to me that the criminal had escaped from the prison! (所给词的适当形式填空) 69. She said that she _________ (water) the flower the next day but she didn’t. (所给词的适当形式填空) 70. Digging wells is a good way to solve the problem of water s______ (短缺). (根据中英文提示单词拼写) 第五部分 应用文写作（15分） 71. 假定你是李华，想邀请你校交换生Allen一同参观正在市艺术中心举办的以My People, My Country为主题的书法绘画展（calligraphy and painting exhibition)。请给他写一封电子邮件，内容包括： 1.参观目的； 2.参观内容； 3.约定时间。 注意：1.词数80左右； 2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $