选择性必修第4册 Unit 1 Science Fiction(Word教参)-【状元桥】2026高考英语一轮总复习（人教版 新教材）

选择性必修第四册 UNIT 1　SCIENCE FICTION 1．fiction n. 小说；虚构的事 2．science fiction 科幻小说(或影片等) 3．ridiculous adj. 愚蠢的；荒谬的；荒唐的 4．integrity n. 诚实正直；完整；完好 5．absurd adj. 荒谬的；荒唐的 6．nail n. 指甲；趾甲；钉子 vt. (用钉子)钉牢；固定 7．saleswoman n. 女售货员；女推销员 8．ladder n. 梯子；阶梯 9．chairwoman n. 女主席；女董事长；女委员长 10．salesman n. 售货员；推销员 11．alien n. 外星人(生物)；外国人 adj. 陌生的；外星的；外国的 12．inaction n. 无行动；不采取措施 13．leather n. 皮革；[pl.]皮衣；皮外套 14．lever n. 操纵杆；杠杆 15．panel n. 控制板；仪表盘；专家咨询组 16．niece n. 侄女；外甥女 17．maximum adj. 最大极限的 n. 最大量；最大限度 18．jolt n. 震动；摇晃；颠簸 vt./vi. (使)震动；摇晃 19．stun vt. 使震惊；使昏迷 20．overstatement n. 夸大；夸张 21．handkerchief n. 手帕；纸巾 1． bonus n. 意外收获；奖金；红利 2． dignity n. 庄重；庄严；尊严 3． salary n. 薪水；薪金 4． suspend vt. 悬；挂；暂停；暂缓 5． dismiss vt. 让(某人)离开；解散；解雇；消除 6． whereas conj. 然而；但是；尽管 7． rumour n. 谣言；传闻 8． presume vt./vi. 假设；假定 9． fare n. 车费；船费；飞机票价 10． superior adj. 更好的；占优势的；(在级别或重要性上)更高的 11． labour n. 劳动(者)；体力劳动 vi. 奋斗；努力工作 12． grip vt./vi. 紧握；抓紧 13． hazy adj. 模糊的；朦胧的；困惑的 14． fetch vt. (去)拿来；(去)请来 15． lamp n. 灯；台灯 16． pace n. 速度；步伐；节奏 vt./vi.确定速度；调整节奏 17． urge n. 强烈的欲望；冲动 vt. 催促；力劝；大力推荐 18． random adj. 随机的；不可思议的 19． inch n. 英寸(长度单位，等于2.54厘米) 1．appoint vt.任命；委任→ appointment n．约会；预约；委派→ appointed adj.约定的；指定的 2．guilt n．内疚；悔恨；有罪→ guilty adj.内疚的；有罪的；有过失的 3．week n．星期→ weekly adj.每周的 n．周刊 4．calculate vt.计算；核算；预测→ calculation n．计算；预测→ calculator n．计算器→ calculated adj.精心策划的；蓄意的→ calculating adj.精明的；精于算计的 5．declare vt.表明；宣称；公布→ declaration n．公告；宣言 6．divide vt.分割；分配；除以→ division n．分开；分隔；差异；除(法)；部门，处 7．explode vi./vt.爆炸；爆破→ explosion n．爆炸；爆破(声)→ explosive adj.易爆炸的；猛增的 8．mud n．泥；泥浆→ muddy adj.泥泞的 1． test out 检验；测试 2． more like 更像是；更接近 3．　on a…basis　 根据；以……的方式(基准) 4． pros and cons 事物的利与弊；支持与反对 5． superior to 比……更好；更胜一筹 6． take over 占上风；取而代之；接管 7． conflict with 与……冲突或抵触 8． turn out 关掉；熄灭；在场；使朝外；结果是 9． fall away (逐渐)减少；消失 10． have an urge to do sth 有强烈的欲望做某事 1.前缀over-表示“过度；在……之上” ①overstatement n．夸大；夸张 ②overweight adj.超重的 ③overlook vt.俯瞰；忽视 ④overuse vt./n.过度使用 ⑤overeat vi.吃得过量 2.词根-ward(s) 的单词网 ①backward(s)　adv.向后；倒着；往回 ②forward adv.向前 ③upward adj.向上的 adv.向上 ④toward(s) prep.向；对 ⑤westward(s) adj.向西的 adv.向西 3.“pros and cons” 同类短语一览 ①back and forth 来来回回 ②up and down 上上下下 ③here and there 到处 ④now and then 时而；不时 ⑤right and left 到处；左右两边 1．(教材P2)He seemed more like a human than a machine .他看着不太像机器，而更像一个真人。 2．(教材P2)As she turned around, there stood Gladys Claffern.当她转过身来，却看到格拉迪丝·克拉芬正站在那里。 3．(教材P3)She heard him declare that he did not want to leave her the next day, and that he felt more than just the desire to please her .她听到他说，他第二天不想离开她，而且他不仅仅是想讨她的欢心。 4．(教材P8) It was at ten o'clock today that the first of all Time Machines began its career.上午十点，所有时间机器中的第一台启动了其运转之旅。 5．(教材P8) Looking around , I saw my laboratory exactly as before.环顾四周，我看到我的实验室和从前一模一样。 6． It felt like I was being driven fast on a winding road.这感觉就像我在一条蜿蜒的路上疾驰。 教材词块背诵 1．experiment with…　用……做实验 2．on a business trip 出公差 3．feel alarmed 感到害怕 4．feel embarrassed 感到尴尬 5．admire his wisdom and integrity 欣赏他的智慧和正直 6．with dignity 有尊严地 7．social position 社会地位 8．a big salary 高薪 9．with wonder 惊奇地 10．accompany sb to the shop 陪同某人去商店 11.turn around 转身 12．suspend sth from… 把某物悬挂在…… 13．fall off the ladder 从梯子上掉下来 14．take sb in one's arms 把某人抱在怀中 15．draw a breath 吸一口气 16．at maximum speed 以最高的速度 单元主题佳句背诵——信息技术创新 1．It is obvious that artificial intelligence is reshaping every way in which we work.很显然，人工智能正在重塑我们工作的方方面面。 2．Machines are less likely to make mistakes and can sometimes complete tasks faster than people.机器出错的可能性更小，有时能比人更快地完成任务。 3．Artificial intelligence makes the world a better place by freeing people up for more creative tasks.人工智能通过解放人们使他们可以从事更具有创造性的工作，从而使世界变得更美好。 4．Technology is the foundation of our daily life and but for it, the modern civilization wouldn't have been built up.科技是我们日常生活的基础，没有科技，就没有现代文明。 5．Robots have common in our daily life and are often given jobs that are considered dangerous for humans. 机器人在我们的日常生活中很常见，经常承担被认为对人类危险的工作。 学案一　晨背效果8分钟检测 Ⅰ.单词拼写 1．The salesman wants to live in an apartment, whereas (然而) his wife would rather live in a flat. 2．No matter how rich you are, you must treat the old with dignity (尊严)． 3．In the dry seasons, the villagers have to walk several miles to fetch (取) water for daily use. 4．Your salary (薪水) will be different depending on what you will do in our company. 5．My main reason for subscribing to New Scientist is to keep the pace (步伐；节奏) of advances in science. Ⅱ.词形转换 1．(1)My teacher made a suggestion that I should apologize to you for failing to keep the appointment (appoint)． (2)He was appointed (appoint) as manager of the company, which made his parents very proud. 2．(1)The traditional labour division (divide) between men and women is gradually disappearing. (2)They were randomly divided (divide) into four groups and exposed to various noise levels in the background. 3．(1)Now that there is little time left, we should settle down to dealing with something really urgent (urge)． (2)It is a matter of the utmost urgency (urgent) to find out what has happened to these people. 4．The explosion was caused by burst of a gas pipe, which made the boss explode with anger.(explode) 5．I am guilty of the silly mistake I made yesterday and no words can express my guilt .(guilty) Ⅲ.选词填空 1．It is necessary that we weigh the pros and cons of including English words in Chinese dictionaries. 2．Helen was chosen for the job because she was superior to any other candidate. 3．I sincerely hope your trip in China will turn out a most unforgettable experience in life. 4．Because this project is taking so long to complete, people's excitement about it has really fallen away . 5．I hold the firm belief that Mary was the ideal person to take over the job. Ⅳ.完成句子 1．在小溪的一边有一棵硕果累累的大树。 There stands a big tree full of fruit on one side of the stream. 2．当她的小儿子再次对她说谎时，与其说她生气倒不如说她伤心。 She was more sad than angry when her little son lied to her again. 3．至于环境保护，起作用的不是我们说什么，而是我们做什么。 As for the environmental protection, it is not what we say but what we do that makes a difference. 学案二　层级式精练板块 层级一　重点单词练透——深化高频考点 　declare　vt.表明；宣称；公布 [佳句] When the teacher declared me to be the winner of the singing competition, I was surprised and pleased.当老师宣布我是这次歌咏比赛的获胜者时，我又惊又喜。 (1)declare sb /sth to be宣布某人/某事…… declare for/against 表示赞成/反对…… declare war (on/against) (向……)宣战 declare sth open/closed 宣布……开始/结束 declare that… 宣布 (2)declaration n．宣布；公告；宣言；声明 [练通]——单句语法填空 ①All the residents declare for garbage-sorting in new efforts to better protect the environment. ②The people in the mountainous areas have declared war on poverty. ③The birth rate was expected to increase rapidly after the declaration (declare) of the universal three-child policy, but it didn't. [写美]——应用文写作佳句 ③听到戏剧节宣布开幕，所有的学生都欢呼起来。 Hearing that the drama festival was declared open , all the students burst into cheers. 　guilty　adj.内疚的；有罪的；有过失的 [佳句] With a guilty look on his face, John left all the tasks to me.约翰脸上带着愧疚的表情，把所有的任务都交给了我。 (1)be guilty of　犯有……罪 be/feel guilty about 对……感到内疚 (2)guilt n．内疚；悔恨；犯罪；罪行 [联想] “-y”后缀常见形容词聚焦： ①wealth→wealthy；②thirst→thirsty； ③taste→tasty；④sleep→sleepy； ⑤health→healthy [练通]——单句语法填空 ①The business woman often felt guilty (guilt) about not visiting her parents more often. ②The couple had feelings of guilt (guilty) about leaving their children and going to work. ③The finder of a wallet who takes it home may be guilty of theft. [写美]——读后续写之动作/心理描写 ④她说：“可是我已经欺骗了我奶奶”，脸颊上流下了内疚的泪水。 “But I have cheated my grandmother，” said she, tears of guilt flowing down her cheeks .(独立主格结构) 　urge　vt.催促；力劝；大力推荐 n．强烈的欲望；冲动 [佳句] In order to improve learning efficiency, I urge that all of us (should) form the habit of thinking independently and going over lessons in time.为了提高学习效率，我主张大家养成独立思考、及时复习功课的习惯。,[练通]——单句语法填空 ①Parents should actively urge their children to take/(should) take (take) advantage of the opportunity to participate in outdoor activities.,(1)urge sb to do sth 　催促某人做某事 urge that…(should) do sth 极力主张……做某事 (2)have an urge to do sth 渴望做某事 (3)urgent adj.紧急的；迫切的 urgency n．紧急；催促,②There is no sense of urgency (urge) to do my school work immediately. [写美]——读后续写之心理描写 ③站在舞台上，我感觉如此紧张以至于我有股想逃的冲动。 Standing on the stage, I felt so nervous that I even had an urge to escape . 维度1　词性转换 1．The editor has an appointment (appoint) with the science fiction writer to meet at the café to offer his salary and bonus. 2．At that time people organized their lives with a clear division (divide) of labor. 3．After the second explosion (explode), all of the city's subway stations were shut down. 4．The village has floods frequently, especially in the spring, making the streets very muddy (mud)． 5．To us, the most likely explanation appears to be that the basis (base) lies in their living with humans, which gives them a lot of exposure to human facial expressions. 6．They will ask you to sign a declaration (declare) allowing our doctor to disclose your medical details. 维度2　动词的形式变化和固定用法 1．In September 1939, Britain declared war on Germany after Germany invaded Poland. 2．I remember well that the class was dismissed (dismiss) early that day because of bad weather. 3．Amy was chosen for the position because she was far superior to any other candidate. 4．The boy often conflicts with other students, which makes his parents explode with anger. 5．He divided the sweets among the children who 　were divided　(divide) into three groups. 6．Deep in sorrow, the man wondered how to fetch (fetch) help, pacing (pace) up and down in the room nervously. 维度3　微语法填空(注意固定用法和搭配) You will be alarmed to find future household robots looking 1. more like humans than machines. As they are superior 2. to humans in some ways, you will be free of many tough jobs. More importantly, equipped with an intelligent computer brain, they will urge you 3. to set (set) aside some time for outdoor exercise. You can go out for a walk 4. at a leisure place while the robot takes 5. over all the housework. Just imagine enjoying your meals prepared by your robot, you are bound to be the happiest one in the world. It is calculated 6. that the elderly may not feel lonely if 7. accompanied (accompany) by such household robots at home. 层级二　短语、句式活学活用——强化关键能力 　take over　占上风；取而代之；接管；接手 [佳句] My cousin took over as general manager of the company two weeks ago. 我的表兄两个星期前接任这家公司的总经理。 take off　脱掉(衣服等)；起飞；事业腾飞 take down 写下；记下；拆除 take in 吸收；接纳；领会；欺骗 take on 呈现；雇用；承担；从事 take up 占有(时间/空间)；继续；开始； 接受；拿起；开始从事 [练通]——用take相关短语的适当形式填空 ①After taking over the firm from his father, Tom took in some scientific ideas and took on some experienced and hard-working workers. ②I'm going to take up the challenge of lasting a whole week without arguing. ③In 1944, the man met Edith Piaf, and his career took off . [写美]——应用文写作佳句 ④相反，智能手机不仅占用了我们宝贵的时间，而且对我们的健康也有很大的危害。 On the contrary, smartphones not only take up our valuable time but also do great harm to our health. 　句型公式：完全倒装句 [教材原句] As she turned around, there stood Gladys Claffern.她转过身来，格拉迪斯·克拉芬站在那里。 本句中there stood Gladys Claffern为完全倒装句。完全倒装的情况有： (1)表示时间、地点和动作转移的副词，如here, there, now, then, up, down, in, away, out等置于句首，且主语是名词，谓语动词是不及物动词时，句子需用完全倒装。 (2)此时，句子多用一般现在时或一般过去时。 [练通]——单句语法填空 ①As soon as the bell rang, out rushed (rush) the children. ②The Public Square is an eye-catching sight of the city. There stands (stand) a stone sculpture of a famous historical figure. [写美]——应用文写作佳句 ③我们学校的中心是我们的图书馆，它在花园和教学楼之间。 In the center of our school lies our library , which is between the garden and the teaching building. 　句型公式：more…than…与其说……倒不如说…… [教材原句] He seemed more like a human than a machine. 他看着不太像机器，而更像一个真人。 (1)more than＋数词/从句 　　　　　　　超过……；不止…… more than＋形容词 非常…… more than＋名词 不只是；不仅是 (2)no more than 只不过；仅仅 not more than 不超过；至多 [指津] more than one＋单数名词，意为“不止一个”，在语意上虽为复数，但作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。 [练通]——写出下列句子中more than的含义 ①Paper-cutting is a traditional art form in China with a history of more than 1,500 years. 多于；超过 ②I am more than glad to help you analyze the pros and cons of the choice you have made. 非常 ③The party is more than for fun；it is also for mutual communication. So please accept my sincere invitation. 不仅仅 [写美]——应用文写作佳句 ④我的英语取得如此大的进步以至于老师表扬了我，说与其说我聪明倒不如说我勤奋。 I made such great progress in English that my teacher praised me, saying that I was more diligent than clever . 　句型公式：修辞之明喻在读后续写中的运用 [教材原句] It felt like I was being driven fast on a winding road. 这感觉就像我在一条蜿蜒的路上疾驰。 在读后续写中可以适当采用明喻这一修辞方法，增加故事情节的生动性。明喻主要采用like, as。 [写美]——读后续写佳句 ①当他听我们谈论丰富多彩的生活时，他的笑容灿烂得如宝石一样闪闪发光。 When he heard us talking about the colorful life, the smile on his face shone like a diamond . ②它在温柔低语，就像一个小女孩对她的母亲私语一样。 It murmured in a soft voice like a little girl whispering to her mother . 维度1　固定搭配和句式 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式 1．It's really amazing that the once- ruined place has now been turned into a beautiful school, full of life. 2．Salesmen and saleswomen are advised to have a medical examination on a regular basis, which is helpful to their health. 3．Finally, if you feel like you are the characters in the drama, you will find it easy to memorize the drama knowledge. 4．First of all, it is learning more about the history of Chinese modern drama in advance that is of great importance. 5．When many scientists and scholars were still arguing about the pros and cons of alien existence and AI development, Hawking said he believed aliens would invade Earth, and that humans would eventually be taken over by AI and robots. 6．The university students will test out the computer program for any bugs. 7．More than one salesperson was (be) dismissed in this supermarket because of recession. 8． It has been calculated that at least 47,000 employees were dismissed last year. 9．I still remember my first trip to the Mount Tai as if it were (be) yesterday. 10．His supporters fell away as his popularity declined. 维度2　语篇情境训练 根据提示，运用本单元的词汇、短语及句式或使用词汇的正确形式完成下面的语篇 Though it is difficult to predict what future household robots might be like, 1. I'd like to describe how amazing they are (我想描述一下他们是多么的令人惊异)． You will be alarmed to find that 2. they will be more like humans than machines (他们更像人而不是机器)．With their help, you will be free of all household chores, such as cooking, washing, and cleaning. More importantly, equipped with an intelligent computer brain, 3. they will help you set aside some time for outdoor exercise (它们能帮你留出时间进行户外锻炼)．When accompanied by such household robots at home, the elderly may not feel lonely. Believe it or not, 4. you are bound to have a desire for such a wonderful household robot (你一定会渴望得到一台这样神奇的家用机器人)． 学案三　学考对接 素养提能 技能一　阅读理解除障碍 维度1　熟词生义——根据语境写出加黑词的词性及含义 1．She calculated that going to a stranger's house was a risky move, but she decided to take the chance. 　vt.认为　 2．These words still ring true today in my role as a journalist.　link.被证明是　 3．The man moved forward, inching towards the exit.　v．谨慎移动　 维度2　一词多义——根据语境选出pace的含义 1．To be honest, I prefer the relaxed pace of life in the country. A 2．She stood up and began to pace up and down. D 3．The computer will give students the opportunity to learn at their own pace. B 4．It's a long climb, so you have to pace yourself. C 技能二　读后续写微技能——动作描写之“哭泣”(一) 积累 常诵 形容词 misty 泪眼模糊的， watery 充满泪水的， tearful/teary 含泪的 动词 sob 啜泣， weep 哭泣，流泪， cry 哭泣 短语 burst out crying 大哭， cry one's eyes/heart out 痛哭流涕， have a lump in one's throat 哽咽， cry oneself to sleep 哭到睡着， eyes be red from crying 眼睛哭红 1．用表“哭”的表达补全以下各句 ①看到爆米花，他开始落泪了。 At the sight of the popcorn, his eyes began to water . (简单句) ②他的母亲站在门口，看到这一幕，高兴得流下了眼泪。 His mother, standing at the door, cried tears of joy to see the scene . (简单句) ③她紧紧地抱住孩子，眼里满是感激的泪水。 She hugged her child tightly and her eyes were flooded with tears of gratitude . (简单句) She hugged her child tightly with her eyes flooded with tears of gratitude. (with 复合结构) ④看到爆米花都卖完了，他哽咽得说不出话来。 He saw all the popcorn sold out, and he was too choked with emotion to speak . (简单句) Seeing all the popcorn sold out, he was too choked with emotion to speak. (分词作状语) ⑤因为他的劳动得到了回报，他热泪盈眶。 His eyes were filled with tears as his hard work paid off. (状语从句) 2．将以上各句衔接成短文并背诵成文，注意使用恰当的过渡衔接 One possible version： At the sight of the popcorn, his eyes began to water. His mother, standing at the door, cried tears of joy to see the scene. She hugged her child tightly with her eyes flooded with tears of gratitude. Seeing all the popcorn sold out, he was too choked with emotion to speak. His eyes were filled with tears as his hard work paid off. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$