必修第3册 Unit 4 Space Exploration(Word教参)-【状元桥】2026高考英语一轮总复习（人教版 新教材）

必修第三册　UNIT 4　SPACE EXPLORATION 1．procedure n. 程序；步骤；手续 2．rocket n. 火箭；火箭弹 3．gravity n. 重力；引力 4．vehicle n. 交通工具；车辆 5．satellite n. 人造卫星；卫星 6．orbit n. (环绕地球、太阳等运行的)轨道；势力范围 vt./vi. 沿轨道运行；环绕……运行 7．giant adj. 巨大的；伟大的 n. 巨人；巨兽；伟人 8．leap n. 跳跃；剧增；剧变 (leapt, leapt/lept/or leaped, leaped) vi./vt. 跳过；跃过 9．agency n. (政府的)专门机构；服务机构；代理处 10．transmit vt./vi. 传输；发送 11．data n．[pl.] 资料；数据 12．ongoing adj. 持续存在的；仍在进行的；不断发展的 13．spacecraft n. 航天器；宇宙飞船 14．spacewalk n. 太空行走；太空行走的时间 15．sufficient adj. 足够的；充足的 16．tissue n. 纸巾；(人、动植物细胞的)组织 17．facility n. 设施；设备 18．fatal adj. 致命的；灾难性的 19．high-end adj. 高端的 20．pillow n. 枕头 21．mystery n. 神秘事物；谜 22．oxygen n. 氧；氧气 23．the International Space Station 国际空间站 24．Mars n. 火星 25．pattern n. 模式；图案；模范 26．monitor n. 监视器；监测仪 vt. 监视；监测；监控 27．smartphone n. 智能手机 1． astronaut n. 宇航员；太空人 2． mental adj. 精神的；思想的 3． universe n. 宇宙；天地万物 4． launch vt./n. 发射；发起；上市 5． mankind n. 人类 6． signal vt./vi. 标志着；标明；发信号 n. 信号；标志 7． recycle vt. 回收利用；再利用 8． muscle n. 肌肉；实力；影响力 9． float vi. 浮动；漂流；漂浮 vt. 使浮动；使漂流 10． otherwise adv. 否则；要不然 11． beyond prep. 在更远处；超出 12． soap n. 肥皂 13． towel n. 毛巾；抹布 14． keen adj. 热衷的；渴望的 15． globe n. 地球；世界；地球仪 16． shallow adj. 肤浅的；浅的 17． resource n. 资源；财力；物力 18． attach vt. 系；绑；贴 1．intelligent adj.有智慧的；聪明的；有智力的→ intelligence n．智慧 2．determine vt.查明；确定；决定→ determined adj.有决心的；意志坚定的→ determination n．决心；果断 3．disappoint vt.使失望→ disappointed adj.失望的；沮丧的→ disappointing adj.令人失望的→ disappointment n．失望；沮丧 4．desire n．渴望；欲望 vt.渴望；期望→ desired adj.渴望的，想要的 5．independent adj.独立的；自立的→ independently adv.独立地；自立地→ independence n．独立；自立 6．lack vt.缺乏；没有 n．缺乏；短缺→ lacking adj.缺乏的；不足的 7．argue vt./vi.论证；争辩；争论→ argument n．争论；争吵；论点 8．analyz(s)e v．分析→ analysis n．(对事物的)分析；分析结果 9．regular adj.定期的；经常的；正常的→ regularly adv.有规律地；经常；定期地 10．limit vt./n.限制→ limited adj.有限的→ limitless adj.无限的 1． carry on 继续做，坚持干 2． on board 在宇宙飞船上；在船上；在飞机上 3． in the hope of doing sth 抱着……的希望 4． so as to (do sth) 为了；以便 5． figure out 弄懂；弄清楚；弄明白 6． result in 导致；造成 7． as a result 所以；结果(是) 8． provide for sb 提供生活所需 9． in closing 最后 10． run out 用完；耗尽 1.“反义词”对比记忆 ①deep→shallow ②intelligent→foolish ③sharp→dull ④neat→dirty ⑤tough→easy 2.后缀-less构成的形容词 ①limit→limitless　无限的 ②doubt→doubtless 无疑的 ③rest→restless 不安的 ④use→useless 无用的 ⑤count→countless 无数的 3.“最终；终于”家族 ①finally　adv.最后；终于 ②eventually adv.最后；终于 ③at last 最终；终于 ④in the end 最后；终于 ⑤at length 最后；终于；详尽地 1．(教材P40)Afterwards, the USSR focused on sending people into space, and on 12 April 1961, Yuri Gagarin became the first person in the world to go into space . 后来，苏联集中力量把人送入太空，1961年4月12日，尤里·加加林成为世界上第一个进入太空的人。 2．(教材P41)These disasters made everyone sad and disappointed , but the desire to explore the universe never died. 这些灾难让每个人都感到悲伤和失望，但是探索宇宙的愿望从未消失过。 3．(教材P41) This is because people believe in the importance of carrying on space exploration despite the huge risks. 这是因为人们坚信继续进行太空探索的重要性，哪怕面临巨大的风险。 4．(教材P42)For example, using current technology, it would take over two years to get to the closest planet , Mars, and back. 例如，使用当前的技术，到达最近的行星——火星，之后再返回将需要花费两年多的时间。 5．(教材P42)Sending people to other planets or even beyond the solar system is not an easy goal to achieve . 把人送到其他星球甚至太阳系以外不是一个容易达到的目标。 教材词块背诵 1．provide new and better solutions提供新的更好的解决方案 2．send people into space 把人送入太空 3．a related college degree 相关大学学历 4．the secrets of the universe 宇宙的秘密 5．meet the requirements for space exploration 满足太空探索的要求 6．transmit data 传输数据 7．make great progress 取得了很大进步 8．establish a space station 建立太空站 9．the solar system 太阳系 10．current technology 现有技术 11．a shallow view 肤浅的观点 12．in the fight against world hunger 在对抗世界饥饿的斗争中 13．promote technological improvement 促进技术进步 14．mental and physical training 心理和体能训练 15．a shallow view 一个肤浅的观点 单元主题佳句背诵——宇宙奥秘探索 1．The development of science and technology will make it possible to know how the universe came into existence.科学技术的发展将使人们有可能弄清楚宇宙是如何形成的。 2．China recently have made several times as many achievements in space exploration as those of one decade ago.中国最近在太空探索方面取得的成就是十年前的好几倍。 3．Space may hold mysteries of how the universe comes into being, and whether there is life on other planets besides Earth. 太空可能蕴藏着奥秘，宇宙是如何形成的，以及除了地球以外的其他行星上是否还有生命。 4．The journey to outer space and other planets is not a dream any more. 去外太空和其他星球旅行不再是梦。 5．Through space exploration, we human beings may uncover the unknown resources of the universe.通过太空探索，我们人类可能会发现宇宙中未知的资源。 学案一　晨背效果8分钟检测 Ⅰ.单词拼写 1．Many lifestyle patterns (模式) do such great harm to health that they actually speed up the weakening of the human body. 2．Though lacking (缺乏) money, his family lived an enjoyable life. 3．You are so warm-hearted that you launched (发起) a campaign to donate food and clothes to people in need. 4．As we all know, Yang Liwei and Wang Yaping are famous astronauts (宇航员) in China. 5．Yuan Longping has made such a great contribution to mankind (人类) that he is respected and admired by people all over the world. 6．I paid a visit to Russia which is rich in natural resources (资源) and the travel enriched my horizons. Ⅱ.词形转换 1．When asked whether he was determined to be an astronaut, the boy just looked at me with determination .(determine) 2．Though he was disappointed at the result of the examination, he tried to hide his disappointment in order not to discourage his son.(disappoint) 3．A person's life is limited but knowledge is limitless .(limit) 4．An argument about whether people should carry on with space exploration took place at the conference and some people argued that we should stop wasting time and money on it.(argue) 5．Unsatisfied with the analysis , the researchers analyzed the data again.(analyze) Ⅲ.选词填空 1．We must carry on till success in spite of various challenges and difficulties. 2．His carelessness resulted in the accident and caused serious loss to the society. 3． In closing , exploring space provides the world with many different benefits. 4．Last month, I was busy preparing for the final examination in the hope of performing well. 5．The pilot asked all the passengers on board to remain seated as the plane was making a landing. Ⅳ.完成句子 1．我们要花很长时间在这两个城市之间架起一座桥梁。 It will take us a long time to build a bridge between the two cities. 2．参加这次采摘活动，让我意识到工作的重要性。 Participating in this picking activity makes me aware of the significance of work . 3．几周前当护士的时候我就在考虑这个问题。 I was considering this while working as a nurse just a few weeks ago. 学案二　层级式精练板块 层级一　重点单词练透——深化高频考点 1　desire　n．渴望；欲望 vt.渴望；期望 [佳句] Young people have a stronger desire to pursue a better life and are more skilled in using the Internet to look for business opportunities.年轻人追求更好生活的愿望更强烈，也更善于利用互联网寻找商机。 (1)have a desire to do sth　想要做某事 have a desire for sth 渴望得到某物 have a desire that…(should) do sth 想要……做某事 (2)desire to do sth 渴望做某事 desire sb to do sth 希望某人做某事 desire that…(should) do sth 希望……做某事 [练通]——单句语法填空 ①Since you desire to learn (learn) Chinese culture, I think Beijing Language and Culture University is an ideal place for you. ②We desire that immediate help (should) be given (give) to the local villagers who have been trapped by the flood. [写美]——应用文写作佳句 ③阅读是我生活中重要的一部分，满足了我不断学习的愿望。 Reading is a vital part of my life, which satisfies my desire to keep learning . 2　lack　n．缺乏；短缺 vt.没有；缺乏 [佳句]The girl used to be lacking in confidence and it was her teacher's encouragement that made her more confident.这个女孩过去曾经缺乏自信，是她的老师的鼓舞让她更加自信了。 (1)for lack of　因缺乏…… a lack of 缺乏…… (2)lack＋n. 缺乏…… lack for＋n. (多用于否定句中)需求；需要 (3)lacking adj.短缺的；缺乏的 be lacking in 缺少…… [指津] (1)lack作名词时常与介词of连用；(2)lack作及物动词时，后面直接加宾语；作不及物动词时，后面常与介词for连用； (3)形容词lacking常与in连用。 [练通]——补全句子/单句语法填空 ①Health problems are closely connected with bad eating habits and a lack of exercise (缺乏锻炼)． ② Lacking (lack) sufficient oxygen, the astronaut could not carry on with his mission. [写美]——一句多译 由于缺乏足够的训练，我们在即将到来的比赛中将很难取胜。 ③ For lack enough training , we will have great trouble in winning the coming match.(介词短语) ④ Lacking enough training , we will have great trouble in winning the coming match.(分词作状语) ⑤ As we lack enough training , we will have great trouble in winning the coming match.(原因状语从句) 3　argue　vi.&vt.(argued, argued, arguing) 论证；争论；争辩；主张；说服 [佳句] 60% of the interviewees argue for rubbish classification and claim that they will do this in their daily life. 60%的受采访者支持垃圾分类并且声称他们也会在日常生活中这么做。 (1)argue with sb about/over sth　与某人争论某事 argue for/against sth 据理力争/反对某事 argue sb into/out of doing sth 说服某人做/不做某事 (2)argument n．论证；论据；争吵 beyond argument 无可争论 [联想] “说服某人做某事”的表达形式： ①persuade sb to do sth； ②persuade sb into doing sth； ③convince sb to do sth； ④talk sb into doing sth。 [练通]——猜测加黑词的含义/单句语法填空 ①Some people argue that we should stop wasting time and money exploring space. 主张，论证 ②After a long time of outspoken discussion they accepted the agreement without argument (argue)． [写美]——一句多译 我们想方设法劝说他接受我们的建议，但都是徒劳的。 ③We tried many ways to argue him into following our advice, but in vain.(argue) ④We tried many ways to persuade him to follow our advice, but in vain.(persuade) ⑤We tried many ways to talk him into following our advice, but in vain.(talk) 4　attach　vt.系；绑；贴 [佳句] So would you please spare some time to review the draft script attached to this email and make necessary changes？所以能请您花点时间审核一下邮件附件中的草稿，并做一些必要的修改吗？ (1)attach…to　把……固定/附在……上 attach great importance/significance to (doing) sth 认为做某事有重要性/意义 (2)attached adj.依恋的；附属的 be attached to　 附属于；依恋；关于；有关 (3)attachment n．附件；附属装置 [练通]——单句语法填空 ①The boy is now studying in the middle school attached (attach) to the normal university. ②To be honest, a lot of people attach great importance to becoming (become) rich and famous. [写美]——词汇升级/应用文写作之倡议书 ③Many of us teenagers think our phones are much more important than our friends. →Many of us teenagers 　attach much more importance to　 our phones than to our friends. ④是国家高度重视节能和环境保护的时候了。 It is high time that the country should 　attach great importance to energy saving and environmental protection　. 5　signal　v．标志着；标明；发信号 n．信号；标志；预示；信号灯 [佳句] The Lantern Festival falls on the fifteenth day of the first lunar month, which signals the end of the Spring Festival celebrations. 正月十五是元宵节，标志着春节庆祝活动的结束。 (1)signal (to) sb to do sth 示意某人做某事 signal (sb) that 示意(某人)…… (2)traffic signals 交通信号灯 [练通]——单句语法填空 ①We signalled the driver to stop (stop) before he fell into the river. ②A man stood up and crossed his arms over his head, signalling (signal) that he was strongly opposed. [写美]——读后续写之动作描写 ③司机匆忙把伤者送到了医院，忽视了一路上的交通信号。 The driver rushed the injured to the hospital immediately, 　ignoring the traffic signals all the way　. 维度1　词性转换 1．By taking exercise regularly (regular), I have grown healthy not only physically, but also mentally (mental) in the past few years. 2．There is no denying that China's economy plays an important role in the global (globe) economy. 3．It is universally (universe) acknowledged that wealth doesn't necessarily mean happiness. 4．Childhood activities help a child develop responsibility, independence (independent), confidence and competence. 5．We prefer to describe emotional intelligence (intelligent) as a specific set of skills that can be used for either good or bad purposes. 6．Although feeling disappointed (disappoint) and frustrated, in a city far from home, he managed to live independently (independent)． 维度2　动词的形式变化和固定用法 1．Because of their small size and weight, they cannot be recycled (recycle)． 2．He headed to the bar, signal(l)ing (signal) to the girl that she could take part in the campaign launched (launch) by the company. 3．The workers were not better organized, otherwise they would have accomplished (accomplish) the task in half the time. 4．We were all disappointed to learn (learn) that the picnic had been cancelled. 5． Lacking (lack) enough training, she was afraid of losing the job opportunity. How she desired (desire) a job to earn a living! 维度3　微语法填空(注意固定用法和搭配) To become an astronaut, you must go through a strict selection procedure. You need a lot of mental, intelligent and physical training. 1. In closing, astronauts must have a 2. determined (determine) will and a strong desire 3. to succeed (succeed). After a spacecraft 4. is launched (launch), make sure it goes in the right orbit. An astronaut on board has a lot of missions to carry out. He must be able to complete a spacewalk independently so as to transmit data 5. to the relevant 6. agencies (agency) on the earth. 层级二　短语、句式活学活用——强化关键能力 1　carry on　继续做，坚持干 [佳句] I hate it when she calls me at work—I'm always too busy to carry on a conversation with her. 我讨厌工作时她给我打电话——我一直很忙，没时间与她进行谈话。 carry on with sth＝carry on doing sth　继续做某事(相当于go on with) carry out 实行；执行；进行；履行(诺言、义务等) carry off 赢得；获得(奖品、荣誉等) [指津] carry on既可用作及物动词短语，也可用作不及物动词短语。 [练通]——单句语法填空 ①You'll have an accident if you carry on driving (drive) like that. ②First of all, the most significant thing is to set a goal, work out a plan and carry out your plan step by step. ③Yang Qian performed so well that she carried off the gold medal in 2020 Tokyo Olympic Games. [写美]——词汇升级 ④If you continue working like that, you will break down sooner or later. →If you carry on working like that, you will break down sooner or later.(升级加黑词汇) 2　result in　导致；造成 [佳句] From 2000 to 2019，there were 7,348 major natural disasters around the world, resulting in USD2,970 billion in economic loss. 从2000 到2019年，全球共发生重大自然灾害7 348起，造成经济损失29 700亿美元。 (1)result from(＝arise from)　由……造成；因……而产生 (2)as a result 结果 as a result of 由于……的结果 without result 没有结果；白费 [指津] (1)result in的主语是“起因”，宾语是“结果”； (2)result from的主语是“结果”，宾语是“起因”； (3)表示“导致”的词语还有： cause, lead to, contribute to等。 [练通]——对比填空(result in/result from) ①As is known to us, positive thinking and action result in success. ②As far as I'm concerned, her failure in the competition resulted from his casual attitude. [写美]——一句多译 由于缺乏社交而产生的误解，如果处理不当，可能会导致严重的问题。(分词作定语) ③Misunderstandings resulting from lack of social communication , if not handled properly, may result in serious problems .(result) ④Misunderstandings arising from lack of social communication , if not handled properly, may lead to serious problems .(arise；lead to) 3　run out　用完；耗尽 [佳句] If we keep using the water like this, it'll soon run out.如果我们继续像这样用水，我们很快就会把它用完。 (1)run out of　用完；用尽 give out 用尽；用完；精疲力竭 use up 用尽；用完 (2)run into 撞上；碰见 run across 偶然遇见 run into 撞上；偶然遇见；遇到(困难等) run for 竞选；匆匆去取 run after 追求；追赶 [指津] (1)run out of＝use up表示主动意义，主语通常是人； (2)run out of＝be used up表示被动意义，主语通常是物。 [练通]——用run相关短语的适当形式填空 ①I wanted to make dumplings but found I had run out of flour, so I went out to buy some. ②Today I am very glad to have the chance to run for the vice president of the English Club. ③Mary was fond of running after every new fashion when she was young. ④I ran across/into an old friend of mine in the street, whom I haven't seen for several years. [写美]——读后续写佳句 ⑤耗尽了精力和耐心，简放弃了在小溪边散步，然后就睡着了。(浙江读后续写) Running out of energy and patience , Jane gave up her walking along the stream and fell to sleep. 4　句型公式：the＋序数词＋名词＋to do sth [教材原句] Afterwards, the USSR focused on sending people into space, and on 12.April 1961, Yuri Gagarin became the first person in the world to go into space.后来，苏联集中力量把人送入太空，1961年4月12日，尤里·加加林成为世界上第一个进入太空的人。 (1)当中心词是序数词或被序数词、形容词最高级等修饰时或前有the next, the only, the last等时，常用不定式作后置定语； (2)动词不定式作定语用来修饰的词多是抽象名词，常见的有：ability, chance, ambition, offer, anxiety, answer, reply, attempt, belief等； (3)此外way, time, reason, chance, opportunity, need, wish, wish, effort, right, ambition等名词也常接不定式作定语。 [练通]——单句语法填空 ①Beijing has become the first city to host (host) both Summer and Winter Olympic Games. ②As far as I know, Amy was the only person to witness (witness) the car accident. ③It's said that she has the ability to do (do) the challenging work well. [写美]——应用文写作佳句 ④李子柒是一个网红，也是第一个海外粉丝突破千万的中国视频博主(vlogger)。 Li Ziqi is an online celebrity, who is also the first Chinese vlogger to have more than 10 million fans overseas. 5　句型公式：It takes (sb) some time to do sth 意为“做某事花费某人多长时间” [教材原句] For example, using the current technology, it would take over two years to get to the closest planet, Mars, and back. 例如，使用当前的技术，到达最近的行星——火星，之后再返回将需要花费两年多的时间。 It takes/took (sb) some time to do sth　做某事花费(某人)多长时间 It takes…to do sth 做某事需要…… spend some time doing sth 花费时间做某事 [练通]——单句语法填空 ①It took us about 3 hours to go (go) all the way around the Xi'an City Wall. ②Mrs. Meredith was a most kind and thoughtful woman. She spent a great deal of time visiting (visit) the poor. [写美]——应用文写作佳句 ③然而，我花了好几天的时间来适应这个山村的生活。 However, it took me several days to adjust to the life of the mountainous village. 维度1　固定搭配和句式 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式 1．Lacking physical exercise resulted in poor health. However, people are beginning to attach much more importance to their health than ever before. 2．All passengers on board are expected to fasten the seat belts when the plane takes off and lands. 3．In a word, I can introduce Chinese painting to our guests while offering (offer) them guidance. 4．I don't want to let my parents down; that's why I'm determined to do well in my lessons. 5．Spanish people were the first immigrants to settle (settle) down in the district. 6．Unfortunately, it took the explorers and the settlers who followed only a few decades to decimate (decimate) a large part of these resources. 维度2　语篇情境训练 根据提示，运用本单元的词汇、短语及句式或使用词汇的正确形式完成下面的语篇 There exists a problem between my parents and me, 1. making it impossible for me to carry on with my study (使我很难继续学习). Actually, I am so keen on space exploration that I 2. regularly (regular) go to the library 3. in the hope of gaining sufficient knowledge about the universe (希望获得有关宇宙的足够知识). However, my parents think my hobby will 4. result in (导致) my poor academic performance. Moreover, 5.　what makes me disappointed is that they always argue with me about my hobbies　(使我失望的是他们总是和我争论我的爱好). Even worse, they warn me to give it up. Otherwise, they are determined not to provide for me. Since you have handled such a situation 6. independently (independent), 7. I desire your timely help (我渴望得到你及时的帮助)． 学案三　学考对接 素养提能 技能一　阅读理解除障碍 维度1　熟词生义——根据语境写出加黑词的词性及含义 1．She was displeased with absolutely everything, nothing was right and I was rather surprised that she became a “regular”．　n．常客　 2．“We floated the idea to my mum of sharing a house，” says Kathryn Whitehead.　vt.提出，提请考虑(想法或计划)　 3．Start a business using the help of your local library. If you want to have a business of your own, your local library can become a launch space for it.　n．启动　 4．Officials had not been allowed to monitor the voting.　v．监听，监视　 维度2　一词多义——根据语境选出otherwise的含义 A．adv.以其他方式 B．adv.除此以外　 C．adv.否则；不然 1.My parents lent me the money. Otherwise, I couldn't have afforded the trip. C 2．There was some music playing upstairs. Otherwise the house was silent. B 3．It is not permitted to sell or otherwise distribute copies of past examination papers. A 技能二　读后续写微技能——情感描写之 “焦虑”“担忧”“绝望”和“不耐烦” 积累 常诵 形容词/副词 anxious, worried, worrying, helpless, hopeless, concerned, anxiously 名词 anxiety, worry, helplessness, hopelessness, concern 固定短语 with anxiety, be concerned about, be worried about 1.用表“焦虑、担忧和绝望”的表达完成以下各句 ①他们在山里迷了路，只好焦急地等待救援。 Lost in the mountain, they had nothing to do but wait for rescue anxiously. (副词) ②随着夜色渐深，他们越来越担忧。 As the evening wore on, they grew increasingly/more and more worried . (形容词) ③树林开始起雾了，他们周围的一切都被黑暗吞噬，这无疑使他们更加无助和绝望。 (环境描写烘托人物的绝望) Fog began creeping into the forest. Everything around them was swallowed by the darkness, which undoubtedly left them even more helpless . (非限制性定语从句) Fog began creeping into the forest. Everything around them was swallowed by the darkness, undoubtedly leaving them even more helpless . (分词作状语) ④托尼无助地站在那里，皱着眉。 Tony stood there helplessly , frowning. (副词，简单句) ⑤玛丽既担心又害怕，几乎要哭了。 Mary was close to crying with anxiety and fear. (介词短语，简单句) 2．将以上各句合并成小短文并背诵成文，注意使用合适的衔接过渡词汇 One possible version： Lost in the mountain, they had nothing to do but wait for rescue anxiously. As the evening wore on, they grew increasingly/more and more worried. Worse still/Even worse, fog began creeping into the forest. Everything around them was swallowed by the darkness, undoubtedly leaving them even more helpless. Tony stood there helplessly, frowning. Mary was close to crying with anxiety and fear. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$