选择性必修第2册 课时达标(31) Unit 5(Word练习)-【状元桥】2026高考英语一轮总复习（人教版 新教材）

课时达标(三十一) UNIT 5　FIRST AID Ⅰ.阅读理解 Lifesaving heart operation When Tal Golesworthy was told he needed a lifesaving heart operation in 1993, he said no.Golesworthy has Marfan syndrome (马凡氏综合征)． Back in 1993, when he was living in the west of England, his doctor told him that the aorta(主动脉) in his heart was so enlarged that it would unavoidably burst unless he underwent a major operation. What Golesworthy particularly didn't like was having to be on blood thinners after the operation, something that would prevent blood clots(血栓) but presented its own risks: “I was riding motorbikes then, and skiing, so my whole lifestyle would have been affected.” By 2000, however, his condition had worsened.Realizing something had to be done, Golesworthy put his years of experience as a research and development engineer to good use.He decided he would fix himself. “Learning new stuff and developing new ideas, that was my job.” Golesworthy says. The aorta, he thought, needed support on the outside.And wrapping something around the outside of the aorta would require a special operation.So Golesworthy subjected himself to 30 hours in an MRI scanner and used 3D printing to create a physical exact copy of the part of his heart. Strong determination coupled with an original yet practical solution won him the support of two leading surgeons and helped him raise the money to develop his idea.In May 2004, at the age of 47, he became the guinea pig for his own invention.The operation was a success. 语篇类型：记叙文　主题语境：人与自我——做人与做事 语篇导读：工程师Tal Golesworthy患有马凡氏综合征，需要进行心脏手术。但是他担心这样会影响生活，所以自己创新了一种手术方式，成功救治了自己。 (　　)1.Why did Tal Golesworthy refuse the operation at first? A．A better solution was on the way. B．He was afraid of life being affected. C．The risk of the operation tended to cause death. D．He would like to be operated on in his own way. 答案　B 解析　细节理解题。根据第三段中的内容可知，手术后必须使用血液稀释剂以防止血凝块，但这种药物存在着风险，他担心会影响他的整个生活方式，所以起初他拒绝了手术，故选B项。 (　　)2.What helped Golesworthy to fix himself? A．His creative spirit.　　　　　　　　　　　 B．Regular exercise. C．Doctors' suggestions. D．His similar experience. 答案　A 解析　推理判断题。第三段尾句讲到他认为，学习新东西和开发新想法就是他的工作。又结合下文中的original和his own invention以及介绍的手术的成功可以判断，是他的创新精神治好了他，故选A项。 (　　)3.What do the underlined words in the last paragraph “the guinea pig” refer to? A．The lovely pet. B．The important assistant. C．The experimental subject. D．The person to raise money. 答案　C 解析　指代猜测题。根据画线词上下文并结合该句中的for his own invention可以判断，他自己成了此项发明的实验对象。所以画线词意为“实验对象”，故选C项。 (　　)4.Which words can best describe Tal Golesworthy? A．Creative and kind. B．Strong and imaginative. C．Devoted and generous. D．Determined and brave. 答案　D 解析　推理判断题。根据尾段第一句可知，他是一位有决心的人；根据第三段倒数第二句可知，他决定自己想办法治疗心脏，据此判断，他是一个勇敢的人，故选D项。 We're all familiar with migration(迁徙)：Wildebeests dash across Africa; monarch butterflies fly across the Americas…But did you know that forests migrate, too? In his new book The Journeys of Trees, science writer Zach St.George explores an extremely slow migration, as forests creep inch by inch to more pleasant places. “The migration of a forest is just many trees sprouting(发芽) in the same direction，” St.George writes. “Through the fossils that ancient forests left behind, scientists can track their movement over thousands of years.They move back and forth across continents, sometimes following the same route more than once, like migrating birds or whales.” This has happened over thousands of years, and climate change tends to be the driving force. Of course, today, climate change is speeding up, and trees can't keep pace.Take California for example：It's getting hotter and drier and scientists estimate that before too long, Sequoia National Park may not be able to keep giant sequoias(巨杉)． “The scientists there had never seen anything like it，” St.George says. “They worried, and I think at some point we will lose these ancient trees and that we will have to think about what we do with the places, and whether we should plant new groves where they are easy to grow.” This is known as “assisted migration”—humans planting trees in other places where they're more likely to flourish.But this process carries risks—people can accidentally introduce insects and diseases to new places, where they may wipe out entire native populations.So, St.George writes, there's a debate among conservationists and foresters today: Should humans help the trees escape? “There may be cases where people are probably going to step in and help species move to places where they'll be more suitable in the future，” St.George says. “So far, there are no huge movements of citizen groups moving trees north.But that is kind of one vision of the future that the people I interview sort of hope to see.” 语篇类型：说明文　主题语境：人与自然——自然生态 语篇导读：我们都熟悉动物迁徙，但是你知道森林也会迁徙吗？科学作家Zach St.George探索了一种极其缓慢的迁徙，即森林缓慢地蔓延到更舒适的地方。 (　　)5.What can be learned about the migration of a forest? A．It is mainly the result of climate change. B．It often follows certain migrating species. C．It takes thousands of years to complete it. D．It is very difficult to track the migration. 答案　A 解析　细节理解题。根据第三段尾句可知，气候变化往往是森林迁徙的驱动力，故选A项。 (　　)6.Why does the author mention Sequoia National Park? A．To stress the park is facing a severe situation. B．To show trees fail to adapt to the climate change. C．To prove the assisted migration carries risks. D．To state scientists are hopeful about the environment. 答案　B 解析　细节理解题。根据第四段内容可知，气候变化在加速，而树木无法跟上其变化的速度，因此巨杉树无法在Sequoia National Park生存。由此可知，提及该公园为了表明树不能适应气候变化，故选B项。 (　　)7.What does the underlined word “flourish” in paragraph 6 mean? A．Become valuable.　 B．Develop rapidly.　 C．Grow well.　 D．Escape diseases. 答案　C 解析　词句猜测题。根据第六段第一句可知，人类把树木移植到能够使它们茁壮生长的地方，故选C项。 (　　)8.What's St.George's attitude towards helping the trees escape? A．Skeptical. B．Supportive. C．Objective. D．Disapproving. 答案　C 解析　观点态度题。根据第六段末句可知，St.George认为人类是否应该帮助树木迁徙，还存在争论。由此可知，他对人类帮助树木迁徙的态度是客观的，故选C项。 Ⅱ.完形填空 A mother of three in Cowdenbeath, Scotland, was awarded for what she did in the middle of a snowstorm last week. Charlene Leslie was 　1　 to a local shop for some food with her two kids when she spotted a truck full of milk 　2　 to summit(攀登) a hill in a high street. “Its front wheels were spinning(旋转) on the 　3　 road, and it was stuck from all the snow.My neighbor appeared, so I asked her to 　4　 the kids while I pushed it from the back.　5　, it got safely to the top，” Charlene recalled. Then her good deed 　6　.After the video of Charlene pushing the truck up a hill 　7　 the Internet, the 　8　 viewers nicknamed her “Wonder Woman”. The Family Dairy, the owner of the delivering truck, also 　9　 her heroic acts. “The lady's 　10　 was incredibly kind.What a 　11　 she was to our company! As a heartfelt thank you, Charlene and her family will receive a year's 　12　 of free milk，” the Chairman of the company told a local newspaper. “I simply believe that it is your 　13　 to help others if they are in trouble.I really didn't help out to get anything 　14　, but I am absolutely delighted at their generous 　15　.” the mother laughed. (　　)1. A．running B．heading C．leading D．replying (　　)2.A．struggling B．shaking C．working D．rushing (　　)3.A．narrow B．winding C．icy D．long (　　)4.A．watch B．free C．guide D．limit (　　)5.A．Hopefully B．Willingly C．Surprisingly D．Eventually (　　)6.A．took off B．paid off C．showed up D．made up (　　)7.A．hit B．surfed C．contacted D．displayed (　　)8.A．terrified B．interested C．impressed D．satisfied (　　)9.A．checked B．faced C．forgot D．recognized (　　)10.A．promise B．intention C．method D．plan (　　)11.A．relief B．pity C．problem D．blessing (　　)12.A．application B．invitation C．supply D．sale (　　)13.A．duty B．honor C．turn D．favor (　　)14.A．for sure B．in detail C．in return D．with luck (　　)15.A．prize B．offer C．demand D．change 语篇类型：记叙文　主题语境：人与自我——做人与做事 语篇导读：本文讲述了一位女士在暴风雪中帮助一辆载有牛奶的卡车爬上斜坡的故事。 1．答案　B 解析　Charlene Leslie正在前往当地的一家商店的路上。head朝(某方向)行进。 2．答案　A 解析　一辆装满牛奶的卡车正吃力地向斜坡上爬。struggle很难地行进，吃力地进行。 3．答案　C 解析　卡车的前轮在结了冰的(icy)路面上打滑。 4．答案　A 解析　Charlene Leslie让邻居帮忙照看(watch)孩子，而自己去帮忙推车。 5．答案　D 解析　卡车最终(eventually)安全地爬上了斜坡。 6．答案　B 解析　Charlene Leslie的善举得到了回报(pay off)。 7．答案　A 解析　Charlene Leslie帮忙推卡车的视频在网络上走红。hit达到(某水平)。 8．答案　C 解析　一些对她印象深刻的(impressed)人称她为“Wonder Woman”。 9．答案　D 解析　送货卡车的主人也认可(recognize)了她的英雄事迹。 10．答案　B 解析　Charlene Leslie 的本意(intention)是善良的。 11．答案　D 解析　Charlene Leslie被视为那家公司的福星(blessing)。 12．答案　C 解析　为了表达对Charlene Leslie的感激，那家公司决定给她及她的家人免费提供(supply)一年的牛奶。 13．答案　A 解析　Charlene Leslie认为帮助处于困境的人是她的职责(duty)，她真的没有想过要得到回报(in return)。 14．答案　C 解析　参见上题解析。 15．答案　B 解析　Charlene Leslie对于牛奶公司为自己提供的慷慨回报(offer)感到高兴。 Ⅲ.语法填空 The UNESCO Global Geopark(地质公园) consists of six local communities, each with their own featured 1. (attraction) ranging from mini farms to geological gardens.These communities are looking for ways to develop sustainable geotourism in this rural area. Very recently, the Geopark acquired an 2. (abandon) building and will transform it into a new Geopark Centre 3. will not only serve as a community and visitor centre, but also offer a range of services and facilities.It is intended that such services and facilities will contribute to the long term 4. (finance) sustainability of the Geopark and create sustainable employment opportunities. As an outdoor laboratory for local schools, the Geopark focuses on 5. fun, interactive, discovery learning style, aiming to build pride in the communities.They also work with universities 6. adult education centers covering a wide range of subjects including local geology, archaeology and architecture.The geological garden serves 7. (explain) key events in the earth's history (creature evolution, climate change, plate tectonics theory, etc.), and 8. (be) a popular picnic spot.They use kite photography, geophysical surveys and seismometers(地震仪) to make learning 9. (excite)．The new Geopark Centre 10. (annual) provides hands-on learning as well as specialist talks and demonstrations. 语篇类型：说明文　主题语境：人与社会——历史、社会与文化 语篇导读：最近，联合国教科文组织世界地质公园收购了一个废弃的建筑，并将其改造为一个新的地质公园中心，不仅可以用作社区和游客中心，还提供一系列的服务和设施。 1．答案　attractions　 解析 考查名词的数。attraction在表示“游览胜地”时是可数名词，根据文中的their可判断此处应用复数形式。 2．答案　abandoned　 解析 考查非谓语动词。空处修饰名词building，建筑是被遗弃的，故用过去分词abandoned作定语，表被动。 3．答案　which/that　 解析 考查引导词。空处引导定语从句，修饰a new Geopark Centre，并在从句中充当主语，故填that或which均可。 4．答案　financial　 解析 考查词性变换。此处作定语修饰名词sustainability，因此要用形容词financial。 5．答案　a　 解析 考查冠词。此处泛指有趣的、交互式的探究型学习风格，且fun的发音以辅音音素开头，故用不定冠词a。 6．答案　and　 解析 考查并列连词。此处表示“他们还和大学以及成人教育中心合作”，大学和成人教育中心是并列关系，故用and。 7．答案　to explain　 解析 考查非谓语动词。serve to do sth用来做某事，为固定搭配。 8．答案　is　 解析 考查时态和主谓一致。句中的and连接两个serves的并列谓语且该句的宾语a popular picnic spot为单数，故用is。 9．答案　exciting　 解析 考查词性转换。make sb/sth＋adj.表示“使某人/某物变得……”，文中表示“使学习变得令人兴奋”，故用exciting。 10．答案　annually　 解析 考查词性转换。此处作状语修饰动词provides，要用副词，故填annually。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$