选择性必修第2册 课时达标(27) Unit 1(Word练习)-【状元桥】2026高考英语一轮总复习（人教版 新教材）

课时达标(二十七) 选择性必修第二册 UNIT 1　SCIENCE AND SCIENTISTS Ⅰ.阅读理解 China Science and Technology Museum No.5 Beichen Dong Lu, Chaoyang District, Beijing Zip code：100101 For more information, call (010)59041000 E-mail：ticket@cstm.org.cn Hours Opening Hours：9：30-17：00 from Tuesday to Sunday, ticket selling stops at 16：00. Closing time：Monday (except national holidays), Chinese New Year's Eve and the following two days. Admission Fees for main exhibition halls (except Science Paradise Hall)：￥30; Free for children under 1.3 meters if accompanied by an adult. Fees for Science Paradise Hall：￥20 for children; ￥10 for adults. Science Paradise Hall This hall is an attractive place for children who like science and hands-on activities where they can have great fun.It consists of seven theme exhibition areas：Happy Farm, Cheerful Water Bay, Science Castle, Exploring Mountains, Safety Island, Performance Scene and Hands-on Activities.It is set up for three-to-eight-year-old children, aiming at inspiring their interest in science in various educational ways, including games, discussions and interaction. Exploration and Discovery Hall Exploration and discovery is a lasting theme in the process of human civilization.This hall focuses on scientific exploration in many areas：the origin of the universe, microscopic matter, natural phenomenon such as motion, sound, light and electricity, life and math.It displays the wonder and mystery of science and helps visitors experience the joy brought by exploration and discovery. Sci-tech and Life Hall This hall exhibits the development of sci-tech in agriculture, health, housing, information exchange, transportation and machines which are inextricably bound to the ordinary life of people.It is science and technology that make a more convenient and better life for us.This hall consists of six sections, including Source of Our Daily Life, Healthy Life, Household, Information and Traffic, and Smart Tools and Machinery. Challenge and Future Hall This hall has an area of 5,100 square meters.It concentrates on some crucial issues and challenges that human beings face.It shows the contributions made by technological innovation and imagines the future. 语篇类型：应用文　主题语境：人与社会——社会服务 语篇导读：本文介绍了中国科学技术馆的相关信息。 (　　)1.Why is Science Paradise Hall attracted to children? A．They can play with other children. B．They can do a lot of science researches. C．They can discuss and interact with scientists. D．They can enjoy themselves by doing hands-on activities. 答案　D 解析　细节理解题。根据Science Paradise Hall部分首句可知，喜欢科学与手工活动的孩子们可以在那里玩得开心，故选D项。 (　　)2.How much may they pay if a 1.2-meter-tall girl and her working parents visit the main exhibition halls including Science Paradise Hall? A．60. B．80. C．100. D．120. 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。根据Admission部分的票价信息可知，在主展厅费用是家长30×2＝60元；在儿童科学乐园的费用是20＋10×2＝40元，所以共需要60＋40＝100元，故选C项。 (　　)3.If you're interested in healthy ways of living, which would you prefer to visit? A．Science Paradise Hall. B．Challenge and Future Hall. C．Sci-tech and Life Hall. D．Exploration and Discovery Hall. 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。根据Sci-tech and Life Hall部分可知，对健康生活方式感兴趣的应该是在Sci-tech and Life Hall，故选C项。 With the world's attention on vaccines(疫苗), now it feels like a good moment to sing the praises of an often forgotten contributor to their development.Three hundred years ago this month, Lady Mary Wortley Montagu got her daughter inoculated(接种) against smallpox, making her child the first person in the West to be protected in this way.Without Montagu's willingness to adopt a practice she had learned from other cultures, the introduction of vaccines around 80 years later would never have taken place. Montagu first witnessed inoculation when she accompanied her husband to Turkey.Inoculation had started in Asia, probably in China, as early as the 10th century AD.Montagu observed how older women in Turkey took a tiny amount of pus(脓) from a person with smallpox.They then used needles to make cuts on people's wrists and ankles and added the pus to their bloodstream.This helped people gain immunity from future infection. Like other visitors to the country, Montagu took steps to ensure that her son was inoculated.This worked well, but she knew that trying it in England would be far more challenging.Inoculation performed by unlicensed amateurs would threaten doctors' professional standing and potentially rob them of valuable income.Some people also disagree with the practice, as they saw it as going against nature. Back in England, Montagu observed the increased severity of smallpox infections.Eventually, in April 1721, she decided to use the Turkish practice to have her daughter inoculated, because she believed that the rewards would outweigh the risks.After a safe time had passed following the inoculation, Montagu allowed doctors to examine her daughter. Doctors in Britain gradually accepted the practice.About 80 years later, a pioneering physician found smallpox vaccines to destroy smallpox completely.As early as last century, academics argued that Montagu was no more than an enthusiastic amateur.In truth, she made a vital scientific contribution towards finding the cure for smallpox. 语篇类型：记叙文　主题语境：人与社会——对社会有突出贡献的人物 语篇导读：本文介绍了Montagu将接种疫苗引进当地的过程。 (　　)4.What is the second paragraph mainly about? A．The origin of smallpox inoculation.　　 B．Montagu's first access to inoculation. C．The benefits from smallpox inoculation. D．Turkish women's invention of inoculation. 答案　B 解析　段落大意题。该段首句为主题句；结合下文内容可知，该段主要讲述了Montagu在土耳其目睹当地人预防天花的经过，故选B项。 (　　)5.Why is it difficult to try inoculation in England? A．Because it was against human nature. B．Because it might harm doctors' interests. C．Because it was beyond doctors' abilities. D．Because it might shake some people's belief. 答案　B 解析　细节理解题。根据第三段第三句可知，由无执照的业余人士进行接种会威胁到医生的职业地位并有可能剥夺他们宝贵的收入。据此可知，在英国接种天花疫苗很困难是因为这损害了当地医生的利益，故选B项。 (　　)6.What led doctors in Britain to accept inoculation? A．The increased severity of smallpox infections. B．A physician's discovery of smallpox vaccines. C．The result of Montagu's daughter's inoculation. D．Montagu's focus on its rewards rather than its risks. 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。根据第四段尾句和第五段首句可知，由于Montagu给她的女儿成功接种了天花疫苗，英国医生逐渐接受了接种天花疫苗，故选C项。 (　　)7.What might be the best title of the text? A．An Unsung Hero B．No Limit to Creation C．Development of Vaccines D．A Historic Medical Innovation 答案　A 解析　标题归纳题。本文主要介绍了推动天花疫苗接种的先行者Montagu的故事。她勇敢地让她的女儿尝试接种并获得成功，从而使英国的医生逐渐接受了天花疫苗的接种，故选A项。 Born on July 1st, 1948, in the small Italian city of Palmi, Roberto Crea was a genius kid.He moved to the Netherlands and majored in Biological Chemistry.It was this university that directed his interest in the synthesis(合成) of nucleotides, the basic units that are required to build DNA．At that time, not many researchers studied the combination of genes(基因), but Roberto's strong chemistry background made a historical invention possible. In 1977, he joined the Genentech, Inc.and the gene synthesis team at City of Hope Medical School.The company funded Dr.Crea's ongoing research on gene synthesis.After working day and night, the brilliant individual finally invented a new procedure that improved the chemical synthesis of genes.Thanks to his rich knowledge and the joint efforts of the excellent Genentech team, he made use of this discovery to produce the human insulin(胰岛素) genes, A and B．It was his invention that allowed Genentech to be labeled as the first producer of human protein.This benefited hundreds of millions of people suffering from diabetes(糖尿病) all over the world. Today Roberto is known as the father of synthetic insulin and had almost won the Nobel Prize.His efforts did not stop after discovering the synthetic insulin; in fact, he was more than driven and tried to make more contributions to the field of biotechnology.His team of experts discovered Ziconotide under his teachings and guidance.According to leading scientists and researchers, this drug is more powerful and effective than morphine(吗啡), and the best part of this is that it has zero side-effects. Dr.Roberto Crea has a long list of creditable discoveries and researches that he has achieved in 65 years of his life.He is an inspiration for many individuals who aim to add value to humanity with the help of science. 语篇类型：记叙文　主题语境：人与社会——对社会有突出贡献的人物 语篇导读：合成胰岛素之父Roberto Crea早年凭借自己的天资和刻苦努力研发出了人类胰岛素基因，并差点获得诺贝尔奖。但他没有满足于自己的成就，而是在科研的道路上不懈追求。 (　　)8.What may contribute to Roberto's invention of the human insulin genes? A．His good luck in his life. B．His curiosity about his study. C．His creative imagination. D．His knowledge of chemistry. 答案　D 解析　细节理解题。根据第一段中末句可知，Roberto较强的化学背景让他能够完成这项发现，故选D项。 (　　)9.What do the underlined words “this discovery” in paragraph 2 refer to? A．A special way of producing human protein. B．A reliable method for curing people of diabetes. C．A new procedure for improving gene synthesis. D．A simple technique of separating human genes. 答案　C 解析　指代猜测题。根据画线词所在句上一句可知，“这项发现”指的是一种改进基因合成的新办法，故选C项。 (　　)10.What do we know about Roberto in paragraph 3? A．He won a Nobel Prize. B．He stuck to his scientific research. C．He discovered morphine with his team. D．He retired after making the great discovery. 答案　B 解析　细节理解题。根据第三段第二句可知，Roberto没有满足于自己的成就，而是一直坚持科学研究，故选B项。 (　　)11.Which of the following best describes Roberto? A．Enthusiastic and generous. B．Courageous and calm. C．Ambitious and patient. D．Devoted and talented. 答案　D 解析　推理判断题。根据第一段第一句和最后一句可知，Roberto是一个天赋异禀的人；再根据第三段第二句可知，Roberto是一个非常专注的科学家，故选D项。 Ⅱ.阅读七选五 Einstein's Opinions on Creative Thinking “The greatest scientists are artists as well，” said Albert Einstein, one of the greatest physicists and an amateur pianist and violinist. For Einstein, insight did not come from logic or mathematics. 1. “All great achievements of science must start from intuitive(直觉的) knowledge.Imagination is more important than knowledge.” 2． Surprisingly, it wasn't the content of an idea, or its subject, that determined whether something was art or science, but how the idea was expressed.If what is seen and experienced is described in the language of logic, then it is science.If it is communicated and recognized intuitively, then it is art. 3. That's why he said that great scientists were also artists. 4． “If I were not a physicist，” he once said, “I would probably be a musician.I often think in music and I see my life in terms of music.I get most joy in life out of music.” Music provided Einstein with a connection between time and space, which both combine spatial(空间的) and structural aspects.“The theory of relativity occurred to me by intuition and music is the driving force behind this intuition，” said Einstein.“My parents had me study the violin from the time I was six. 5. ” A．But how did art differ from science for Einstein? B．My new discovery is the result of musical insight. C．Instead, it came from intuition(直觉) and inspiration. D．There is no doubt that my theory was a great breakthrough then. E．Einstein himself worked intuitively and expressed himself logically. F．Einstein also owed his scientific insight and intuition mainly to music. G．For Einstein, it was the humanities that mainly contributed to his achievements. 语篇类型：说明文　主题语境：人与社会——科学精神 语篇导读：本文主要介绍了爱因斯坦关于创造性思维的观点。 1．答案　B 解析　顺承关系。根据上下文可知，空处顺接上文，说明爱因斯坦认为洞察力应来自于直觉，B项符合语境，故选B项。 2．答案　A 解析　递进关系。空处引出了下文关于艺术和科学的区别的论述。A项中的art differ from science和下文的whether something was art or science相呼应，A项正好引出本段的主题，故选A项。 3．答案　E 解析　因果关系。E项中的worked intuitively and expressed himself logically和空前一句相呼应，表明爱因斯坦本人凭直觉工作，用逻辑表达自己，也是下文他被称为伟大的科学家也是艺术家的原因，故选E项。 4．答案F　 解析　总分关系。根据下文可知，音乐对爱因斯坦帮助很大。F项(爱因斯坦的科学洞察力和直觉主要归功于音乐)适合做本段的主旨句，故选F项。 5．答案　C 解析　承接关系。空前一句说明音乐对他的工作产生的积极影响，空处承接上文，说明了爱因斯坦是靠音乐有了新发现。C项(我的新发现是音乐洞察力的结果)符合语境，故选C项。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$