必修第3册 课时达标(17) Unit 3(Word练习)-【状元桥】2026高考英语一轮总复习（人教版 新教材）

课时达标(十七)|UNIT 3　DIVERSE CULTURES Ⅰ.阅读理解 About seven years ago, Kristin and Josh Mohagen were honeymooning in Napa Valley in California when they smelled something surprising in their glasses of wine: green pepper.It was explained that the grapes in that bottle had ripened on a hillside alongside a field of green peppers.“That was my first experience with terroir.” Josh Mohagen says. It made an impression.Inspired by their time in Napa, the Mohagens returned home and launched a chocolate business based on the principle of terroir, often defined as “a sense of place”． The definition of terroir is somewhat fluid.Wine enthusiasts use the French term to describe the environmental conditions in which a grape is grown that give a wine its unique taste and smell.The soil, climate and even the orientation(朝向) of a hillside or the company of neighboring plants, and insects play a role.Some experts expand terroir to include specific cultural practices for growing and processing grapes that could also influence taste. The idea of terroir is quite old.In the Middle Ages, the winemakers in Burgundy, France, divided the countryside into different climate areas, according to differences in the landscape that seemed to translate into unique wine characteristics.Wines produced around the village of Gevrey-Chambertin, for example, “are famous for being fuller-bodied, more tannic than most，” said Joe Quinn, wine director of The Red Hen, a restaurant in Washington, D．C.“In contrast, the wines from the village of Chambolle-Musigny, just a few miles south, are widely considered to be more fine, delicate and lighter-bodied.” A recent wave of scientific research suggests that the environment and production practices can, in fact, produce a chemical or microbial(微生物的) signature so distinctive that scientists can use the signature to trace food back to its origin.And in some cases, these techniques are beginning to offer clues on how terroir can shape the smell and taste of food and drinks. 语篇类型：说明文　主题语境：人与自然——自然科学研究成果 语篇导读：风土会影响食物的气味和味道。最近的研究从科学的角度解释了风土对食物产生影响的原因。 (　　)1.What impressed the Mohagens most during their stay in Napa? A．The smell from the wine. B．The field of green peppers. C．The scenery of Napa Valley. D．The ripe grapes on a hillside. 答案　A 解析　细节理解题。根据第一段第一句和第二段首句It made an impression可知，这对夫妇在度蜜月期间突然闻到了酒中的特殊气味，这给他们留下了深刻的印象，故选A项。 (　　)2.What does the underlined word “fluid” in paragraph 3 probably mean? A．Impractical.　　 　 B．Specific.　　 　 C．Uncertain.　　 　 D．Conventional. 答案　C 解析　词句猜测题。根据第三段第三句可知，影响葡萄酒气味和味道的因素有很多，如土壤、气候、小山坡的朝向、邻近的植物以及昆虫等。由此可知，风土的定义是“不确定的”，故选C项。 (　　)3.Why did the author quote a wine director in paragraph 4? A．To demonstrate the effect of terroir. B．To introduce two types of grape wine. C．To prove the long history of terroir. D．To get a restaurant known to the public. 答案　A 解析　意图推断题。根据第四段中这位主任的前后两句话可知，不同地方酿出的葡萄酒的味道不同。由此可知，作者为了证明不同的风土有不同的作用才引用了这个例子，故选A项。 【误区警示】本题易误选C项。考生根据第四段首句“The idea of terroir is quite old”可能会误认为本段举的例子是为了证明风土有着悠久的历史。但是这个例子论证的是不同地区对食物有着不同的影响。故此例强调的是“影响”而不是“历史”。 (　　)4.What can be learned about terroir from the text? A．Its research is of little benefit. B．It gives food its unique features. C．Its value needs to be further tested. D．It is a newly acknowledged concept. 答案　B 解析　细节理解题。根据第五段最后一句可知，最近的研究从科学的角度解释了风土如何塑造食物和饮料的气味和味道。所以风土可以赋予食物独有的特性，故选B项。 【熟词生义】shape(Para.5，Line 4)常用义：n.形状 文章义：v.决定……的形成；塑造 例：Your education is bound to shape your world view.一个人所接受的教育必定会决定其世界观的形成。 Ⅱ.阅读七选五 Culture shock is the feeling of uncertainty, confusion, or anxiety that people may get when they live in or visit another country that differs from their own.1.____________ It can undoubtedly affect people's lives.The following are some ways to deal with culture shock. Have a good understanding of culture and culture shock.There are many factors that make up a culture, including shared beliefs, traditions and morals.2.____________ It's because they are surrounded by people with the same beliefs and values, and cultural differences are only clear when you meet someone else's culture. Keep a journal(日记) of your thoughts.3.____________ And you are feeling a bit overwhelmed (不知所措的) with the culture there.Rather than giving in to your anxiety, write it out.Write down how you felt at the moment and what troubled you or made you happy that day.You can also put something down if you're missing anyone from your hometown.4.____________ Don't allow yourself to become a recluse (隐居者) during this experience.You can share your feelings and experiences with your relatives and friends.If you are studying abroad and have other classmates who have similar feelings, connect with them as well as with those who are adjusting a bit more easily. Do some things you usually like.Don't allow the culture shock to occupy your mind.And try to do something interesting to replace a range of negative emotions, including anxiety, sadness, anger, homesickness, and sometimes even depression.5.____________ Or practice your hobbies like reading and dancing. A．Share your culture. B．Talk to others about your experiences. C．Try to step outside of your own culture. D．Sometimes such a feeling can be very strong. E．You can watch movies or listen to music that you enjoy. F．Many people don't realize how culture influences them. G．Perhaps you have recently moved to a new city or country. 语篇类型：说明文　主题语境：人与社会——跨文化沟通 语篇导读：本文主要讲述了四种应对文化冲击带来的影响的方法，帮助人们克服或者缓解文化冲击带来的不适感。 1．答案　D 解析　顺承关系。上文提出来文化冲击这个概念，空处应该也是关于文化冲击带来的感觉，D项中a feeling与上文feeling相呼应，故选D项。 2．答案　F 解析　解释关系。因为他们周围的人都有相同的信仰和价值观，只有当你遇到别人的文化时，文化差异才会明显，F项中culture与下一句中cultural differences相呼应，符合本段语境，故选F项。 3．答案　G 解析　举例关系。下文是在介绍远离故乡在外的时候的情况。G项中moved to a new city or country与下文中missing anyone from your hometown相呼应，表示关于远离故乡、离开故乡的事情，故选G项。 4．答案　B 解析　顺承关系。B项中experiences与下文中feelings and experiences相呼应，符合本段语境，因此空处作为这段话的主题句，说和别人谈论你的经历，故选B项。 5．答案　E 解析　并列关系。上句讲做一些你平时喜欢做的事情。E项中you enjoy与上文you usually like相呼应，表示听一些你喜欢听的音乐或者看你喜欢看的电影，故选E项。 Ⅲ.完形填空 When it comes to experiencing other cultures, there's no doubt that traveling is one of the most effective ways.　1　, if you don't have the time, money, or energy to 　2　 a trip abroad, you have other choices.In fact, you probably don't even need to 　3　 your hometown to 　4　 other cultures! Given the great 　5　 of America today, chances are that even the people you meet every day represent a 　6　 range of cultural heritage and experiences.Your friends, neighbors, and co-workers may 　7　 people of different national, religious, or ethnic backgrounds, all within arm's reach.Take the 　8　 to get to know more about them.You might be 　9　 at the variety of people living right next to you. Other types of cultural exploration can be 　10　.Consider spending a weekend learning about a different culture by 　11　 some activities such as visiting your local museum, reading a book and trying new cuisine. In the 　12　, you can learn about works of art from other countries, look at archaeological finds from distant lands and think about how they may have 　13　 particular cultures.Read a book that explains the history of different societies and how they've evolved(进化) into the culture they are today.That can help you 　14　 how their customs, traditions, and food got to be the way they are today.Even food offers chances to 　15　 cultural variety and how it is expressed through cuisine. (　　)1. A．Thus B．Instead C．Moreover D．However (　　)2.A.admit B．add C．plan D．cancel (　　)3.A.search B．leave C．build D．enter (　　)4.A.develop B．accept C．influence D．experience (　　)5.A.fortune B．climate C．diversity D．success (　　)6.A.poor B．new C．wide D．normal (　　)7.A.visit B．include C．appreciate D．greet (　　)8.A.time B．money C．power D．risk (　　)9.A.scared B．annoyed C．grateful D．surprised (　　)10.A.far-reaching B．ill-advised C．heart-stopping D．self-guided (　　)11.A.ending B．participating in C．organizing D．giving up (　　)12.A.country B．museum C．library D．culture (　　)13.A.formed B．spread C．impacted D．represent (　　)14.A.understand B．remember C．hear D．teach (　　)15.A.record B．respect C．create D．explore 语篇类型：说明文　主题语境：人与自我——生活与学习 语篇导读：旅游是体验文化最有效的方法之一，但除此以外，不离开家乡你也能体验其他文化。 1．答案　D 解析　上文提到的traveling is one of the most effective ways和下文you have other choices在语义上是转折关系。 2．答案　C 解析　本空所在句是假设如果你没有时间、金钱和精力去国外旅游，还有别的方式可以体验文化。故此处应填一个表示去旅游或计划旅游的动词，选项中只有plan符合语境。 3．答案　B 解析　根据上文you have other choices和下文可知，与外出旅游体验文化不一样的就是不需要离开(leave)家乡就能体验(experience)其他文化。 4．答案　D 解析　参见上题解析。experience与上文中的experiencing是原词复现关系。 5．答案　C 解析　根据常识和下文people of different national, religious, or ethnic backgrounds可知，美国是一个有着文化多样性的(diversity)国家，在这里你每天遇到的人可能代表着不同的文化背景与经历。 6．答案　C 解析　句意参见上题解析。wide强调范围广，符合语境。 7．答案　B 解析　您的朋友、邻居和同事可能包括(include)不同国家、宗教或种族背景的人，所有这些都触手可及。 8．答案　A 解析　此处表示花点时间更多地了解它们。 9．答案　D 解析　通过身边人就能体验不同的文化，这种感觉令人不可思议(surprised)。 10．答案　D 解析　其他类型的文化探索可以自我引导(self-guided)。far-reaching影响深远的；ill-advised不明智的；heart-stopping心脏停止的。 11．答案　B 解析　考虑花一个周末通过参加(participate in)一些活动来了解不同的文化，例如参观当地的博物馆，读书和尝试新美食。 12．答案　B 解析　本空所在句是对上文通过visiting your local museum这种方式了解不同文化的具体解释。了解其他国家的艺术作品和看考古发现都需要去博物馆，故选museum，且与上文中的museum是原词复现关系。 13．答案　C 解析　根据探访博物馆是文化探索的一种方式可知，看来自遥远国家的考古发现有助于了解不同的文化，也就是说通过考古发现，你可以思考它们是如何影响(impact)某种特定文化的。 14．答案　A 解析　根据读书也是文化探索的一种方式可知，书中解释了不同社会的历史以及它们如何演变成今天的文化，而这有助于我们理解这些文化中的习俗、传统和食物是如何变成今天这个样子的。此处需要填一个与“理解”意义相同或相近的词，故选A项。 15．答案　D 解析　甚至食物也提供了探索(explore)文化多样性以及如何通过美食表达文化多样性的机会。 Ⅳ.语法填空 It seems that people in Western countries are becoming increasingly 1.____________(worry) about the side effects of drugs, and are turning to various 2.____________(treatment) such as yoga, reflexology and acupuncture(针刺疗法) to complement, or sometimes even replace Western medicine. 3．____________ event in my life three or four years ago made me examine my own attitude towards alternative medicine.After 4.____________(suffer) from insomnia(失眠) for a few months, I was feeling mentally and physically exhausted.My friend Tony, who 5.____________(study) acupuncture at a college near London at the time, suggested that I visit an acupuncturist.Since I had a fear of needles, I was 6.____________(willing) to take his advice.But that time I was so tired that I was prepared to try almost anything. I made an 7.____________(appoint) with the acupuncturist in my area and turned up at his room the following morning.After taking my pulse, looking at my tongue, and asking a few questions 8.____________ my diet and lifestyle, the acupuncturist correctly reasoned that I was worn out.I found this extremely impressive since he hadn't asked me 9.____________ I had come to see him.He then inserted a needle in my right foot between my first and second toe, and, despite my anxiety, I fell asleep 10.____________(immediate)．At the time I considered the whole experience to be close to a miracle. 语篇类型：记叙文　主题语境：人与自我——个人生活 语篇导读：本文叙述了作者的经历：因遭受失眠的困扰，作者在朋友的建议下接受了针灸治疗，认为整个经历几乎是个奇迹。 1．答案　worried 解析 考查词性转换。此处become用作系动词，后接形容词作表语；该从句的主语是people，故用形容词 worried。 2．答案　treatments 解析 考查名词的数。 treatment意为“治疗，疗法”时，可作可数名词，根据空前的various可知，此处指“各种不同的疗法”，故用复数形式。 3．答案　An 解析 考查冠词。此处泛指三四年前发生在“我”身上的一件事，故用不定冠词；event的发音以元音音素开头，且位于句首，故用An。 4．答案　suffering 解析 考查非谓语动词。介词after后接动词作宾语，应用动名词形式。 5．答案　was studying 解析 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：“我”的朋友托尼当时正在伦敦附近的一所学院学习针灸，他建议“我”去看一名针灸师。根据at the time可知，此处表示的是正在发生的动作，故用进行时态；根据该句中的suggested可知，该句用过去进行时；主语为Tony，故填was studying。 6．答案　unwilling 解析 考查词形转换。根据该句中的I had a fear of needles可知，由于作者害怕针，所以他不愿意(unwilling)接受朋友的建议。 7．答案　appointment 解析 考查词性转换。根据空前的不定冠词an可知，空处应用名词形式。appointment预约，约定，约会。 8．答案　about 解析 考查介词。根据语境可知，该处表示询问“我”一些关于(about)饮食和生活方式的问题。 9．答案　why 解析 考查引导词。空处引导宾语从句，且在从句中作原因状语，故用why引导宾语从句。 10．答案　immediately 解析 考查词性转换。空处作状语修饰动词短语fall asleep，故用副词形式。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$