必修第3册 课时达标(17) Unit 3-【状元桥】2026高考英语一轮总复习（人教版 新教材）

语篇导读：本篇主要介绍了朱有勇教授在云南为扶贫事业所做的 努力，他带领其团队致力于农业科学研究，推出了脆季土豆来帮 助农民脱贫致富。 1.B细节理解题。根据第二段第二句可知，朱有勇数授在团体访谈 时显得特别是因为他在记者面前展示了一个大土豆，故选B项。 2.A词句猜测题。根据第五段末句可知，这个项目被用来测试 种植晚季土豆的想法，因此这个项目是试验性的，故选A项。 3.D细节理解题。根据第六段第一句可知，他帮助农民脱贫的 方式是推出一种晚季土豆，故选D项 4.C主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了朱有勇教授在云南为扶贫事 业所做的努力。他带领其团队致力于农业科学研究，推出了晚 季土豆来帮助云南省的农民脱贫致富，故选C项， B 语篇类型：议论文主题语境：人与社会一社会、历史与文化 语篇导读：本文主要介绍了在上海，东，西方元素相结合的早餐受到 了人们的欢迎，对此食品公司也推出了许多新品来满足人们的需求。 5,D推理判断题。根据第一段最后两句可知，在上海的早餐中， 许多人都离不开咖啡，由此推知，咖啡对于许多人而言都是必 需品，故选D项。 6.D细节理解题。根据第三段可知，蔬菜馒头配黑咖啡卖得很 好是因为它美味又健康，故选D项。 7.D推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句可知，中西结合的餐 饮模式潮流重燃了人们对传统点心的兴趣。由此推知，如果没 有中西结合的潮流，一些传统食物可能会消失，故选D项。 8.C写作意图题。通读全文尤其是第二段第一句可知，文章主 要介绍了在上海，东，西方元素相结合的早餐受到了人们的欢迎， 对此食品公司也推出了许多新品来满足人们的需求，故选C项。 Ⅱ，完形填空 语篇类型：记叙文主题语境：人与自我一做人与做事 语篇导读：本文讲述了Steven Spielberg从一个被同学戏弄，被传 统电影学校拒绝的学生一路成长为拿到许多奖项的天资卓越的 电影制作人的故事。 l.C根据空前的the future director-camera可知，此处表示“拍 摄(shoot)自制电影”. 2.B根据空前的being denied和下文中的Steven Spielberg enrolled at California State College可知，此处表示Spielberg被 传统电影学校拒绝人学(entrance)。 3.B根据语境和空后的one of those unexpected moments可知， 此处表示“他记起(recall)那些意想不到的瞬间之一”。 4.D根据上下文可知，此处表示他的人生有了彻底的转变(tum)。 5.A根据空后的and invited him back sometime for a visit可推 知，此处表示Silvers喜欢这个制作8毫米电影的孩子。 6.C根据下文中的at the gate of Universal Studios可知，此处表 示“他第二天就出现了(appear).” 7.B根据空后的tie和常识可知，此处表示Spielberg穿着黑色 的西装(suit)并戴着领带。 8.C根据空后的up to the guard,a casual wave可推知，此处表 示他自信地(confidently)走向警卫。 9.A根据空前的The guard waved back以及下文的内容可知 此处表示他进去了。 lO.D根据上文中的Without a job or security clearance(安全许 可)和空后的but still given a chance可知，此处表示Spielberg 不是工作室的屈员(employee)。 ll.D根据空前的an office that wasn't being used和下文中的I bought some plastic-Steven Spielberg,Room23C可知，此处 表示他搬了(move)进去 12.C根据下文中的Steven Spielberg,Room23C可知，此处表 示他把自己的名字放进了大楼名录里。 13.A根据下文中的“Jas,which took in S470 nillion, awards have followed”可知，此处表示每个人都取得了成功。 pay off成功，还清：end up最终成为，结果；settle down安定下 来，set out出发，着手，故选A项。 ·6 参考答案与详解 I4.D根据上文中的the future director可知，此处表示Spielberg 导演(direct)了影片Jas. 15.B根据上文中的which took in$470 million可推知，此处表 示这是一部畅销的(best-selling)影片。 Ⅲ，语法填空 语篇类型：说明文主题语境：人与社会一对社会有突出贡献的人物 语篇导读：本文主要介绍了孔子在教育、政治等方面的思想以及 《论语》的形成和影响 1.and考查并列连词。句意：中国哲学家孔子就是这样，他可能 是历史上被引用最多的人之一。空处前后都是一个完整的句 子，因此空处需要一个连词。前后句之间形成并列，故填ad。 2.thought考查时态。本句讲到的是孔子的想法，表过去，需要 用一般过去时。 3.families考查名词的数。根据下文中的their children可知，空 处讲的应该是很多家庭，故填families。 4.quickly考查词性转换。空处作状语修饰后面的动词learned, 需要用副词。 5.looking:考查非谓语动词。本句的谓语动词是wandered,且与 空处之间无连词，故此处应为非谓语动词，且空处与逻辑主语 He形成主谓关系，故填looking, 6.by考查介词。句意：现在许多人是通过读《论语》了解孔子 的。此处需要填by表示方式 7.which考查引导词。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为表示 物的名词The Golden Rule,关系词在从句中作主语，故填which。 8.were written考查时态、语态和主谓一致。空处在句中作谓 语，根据after his death可知，此处为一般过去时：此处表示“其 他部分是由孔子的弟子写的”，应用被动语态：主语Other parts 为复数，故填were written. 9.that考查特殊句式。此处是强调句型“It is was十被强调部 分十that十句子剩余部分”，故填that。 1O.to have考查非谓语动词。push sb to do sth敦劝某人做某 事，放填to have。 课时达标（十七】 I,阅读理解 语篇类型：说明文主题语境：人与自然一自然科学研究成果 语篇导读：风土会影响食物的气味和味道。最近的研究从科学的 角度解释了风土对食物产生影响的原因。 1.A细节理解题。根据第一段第一句和第二段首句It made an impression可知，这对夫妇在度蜜月期间突然闻到了酒中的特 殊气味，这给他们留下了深刻的印象，故选A项。 2.C词句猜测题。根据第三段第三句可知，影响葡萄酒气味和 味道的因素有很多，如土壤、气候、小山坡的朝向、邻近的植物 以及昆虫等。由此可知，风土的定义是“不确定的”，故选C项。 3.A意图推断题。根据第四段中这位主任的前后两句话可知， 不同地方酿出的葡萄酒的味道不同。由此可知，作者为了证明 不同的风土有不同的作用才引用了这个例子，故选A项。 【误区警示】本题易误选C项。考生根据第四段首句“The idea of terroir is quite old”可能会误认为本段举的例子是为了证明 风土有着悠久的历史。但是这个例子论证的是不同地区对食 物有着不同的影响。故此例强调的是“影响”而不是“历史” 4,B细节理解题。根据第五段最后一句可知，最近的研究从科 学的角度解释了风土如何塑造食物和饮料的气味和味道。所 以风土可以赋予食物独有的特性，故选B项。 【熟词生义】shape(Para.5,Line4)常用义：n.形状 文章义：0，决定…的形成：塑造 例：Your education is bound to shape your world view.一个人所接 受的教育必定会决定其世界观的形成。 Ⅱ，阅读七选五 语篇类型：说明文主题语境：人与社会—一跨文化沟道 语篇导读：本文主要讲述了四种应对文化冲击带来的影响的方 法，帮助人们克服或者缓解文化冲击带来的不适感。◆高考一轮总复习·英语 课时达标(+七)|UNIT3 DIVERSE CULTURES 答案见Pi I.阅读理解 About seven years ago,Kristin and Josh Mohagen were honeymooning in Napa Valley in California when they smelled something surprising in their glasses of wine:green pepper.It was explained that the grapes in that bottle had ripened on a hillside alongside a field of green peppers. "That was my first experience with terroir."Josh Mohagen says. It made an impression.Inspired by their time in Napa,the Mohagens returned home and launched a chocolate business based on the principle of terroir,often defined as "a sense of place". The definition of terroir is somewhat fluid.Wine enthusiasts use the French term to describe the environmental conditions in which a grape is grown that give a wine its unique taste and smell.The soil,climate and even the orientation()of a hillside or the company of neighboring plants,and insects play a role.Some experts expand terroir to include specific cultural practices for growing and processing grapes that could also influence taste. The idea of terroir is quite old.In the Middle Ages,the winemakers in Burgundy,France, divided the countryside into different climate areas,according to differences in the landscape that seemed to translate into unique wine characteristics.Wines produced around the village of Gevrey- Chambertin,for example,"are famous for being fuller-bodied,more tannic than most,said Joe Quinn,wine director of The Red Hen,a restaurant in Washington,D.C."In contrast,the wines from the village of Chambolle-Musigny,just a few miles south,are widely considered to be more fine,delicate and lighter-bodied. A recent wave of scientific research suggests that the environment and production practices can, in fact,produce a chemical or microbial()signature so distinctive that scientists can use the signature to trace food back to its origin.And in some cases,these techniques are beginning to offer clues on how terroir can shape the smell and taste of food and drinks. )1.What impressed the Mohagens most during their stay in Napa? A.The smell from the wine. B.The field of green peppers. C.The scenery of Napa Valley. D.The ripe grapes on a hillside. ( )2.What does the underlined word "fluid"in paragraph 3 probably mean? A.Impractical. B.Specific. C.Uncertain. D.Conventional. ( )3.Why did the author quote a wine director in paragraph 4? A.To demonstrate the effect of terroir. B.To introduce two types of grape wine. C.To prove the long history of terroir. D.To get a restaurant known to the public. )4.What can be learned about terroir from the text? A.Its research is of little benefit. B.It gives food its unique features. C.Its value needs to be further tested. D.It is a newly acknowledged concept. ·502· 课时达标《 Ⅱ.阅读七选五 Culture shock is the feeling of uncertainty,confusion,or anxiety that people may get when they live in or visit another country that differs from their own.1. It can undoubtedly affect people's lives.The following are some ways to deal with culture shock Have a good understanding of culture and culture shock.There are many factors that make up a culture,including shared beliefs,traditions and morals.2. It's because they are surrounded by people with the same beliefs and values,and cultural differences are only clear when you meet someone else's culture. Keep a journal(日记)of your thoughts.3. And you are feeling a bit overwhelmed (不知所措的)with the culture there.Rather than giving in to your anxiety,write it out,Write down how you felt at the moment and what troubled you or made you happy that day.You can also put something down if you're missing anyone from your hometown.4. Don't allow yourself to become a recluse (during this experience.You can share your feelings and experiences with your relatives and friends.If you are studying abroad and have other classmates who have similar feelings,connect with them as well as with those who are adjusting a bit more easily. Do some things you usually like.Don't allow the culture shock to occupy your mind.And try to do something interesting to replace a range of negative emotions,including anxiety,sadness,anger, homesickness,and sometimes even depression.5. Or practice your hobbies like reading and dancing. A.Share your culture. B.Talk to others about your experiences. C.Try to step outside of your own culture. D.Sometimes such a feeling can be very strong. E.You can watch movies or listen to music that you enjoy. F.Many people don't realize how culture influences them. G.Perhaps you have recently moved to a new city or country. Ⅲ.完形填空 When it comes to experiencing other cultures,there's no doubt that traveling is one of the most effective ways.1 if you don't have the time,money,or energy to 2 a trip abroad,you have other choices.In fact,you probably don't even need to 3 your hometown to 4 other cultures！ Given the great 5 of America today,chances are that even the people you meet every day represent a 6 range of cultural heritage and experiences.Your friends,neighbors,and co- workers may 7 people of different national,religious,or ethnic backgrounds,all within arm's reach.Take the 8 to get to know more about them.You might be 9 at the variety of people living right next to you. Other types of cultural exploration can be 10.Consider spending a weekend learning about a different culture by 11 some activities such as visiting your local museum,reading a book and trying new cuisine. ·503· 高考一轮总复习·英语 In the 12,you can learn about works of art from other countries,look at archaeological finds from distant lands and think about how they may have 13 particular cultures.Read a book that explains the history of different societies and how they've evolved()into the culture they are today.That can help you 14 how their customs,traditions,and food got to be the way they are today.Even food offers chances to 15 cultural variety and how it is expressed through cuisine. )1.A.Thus B.Instead C.Moreover D.However ( )2.A.admit B.add C.plan D.cancel )3.A.search B.leave C.build D.enter )4.A.develop B.accept C.influence D.experience )5.A.fortune B.climate C.diversity D.success )6.A.poor B.new C.wide D.normal )7.A.visit B.include C.appreciate D.greet )8.A.time B.money C.power D.risk )9.A.scared B.annoyed C.grateful D.surprised )10.A.far-reaching B.ill-advised C.heart-stopping D.self-guided )11.A.ending B.participating in C.organizing D.giving up ( )12.A.country B.museum C.library D.culture ( )13.A.formed B.spread C.impacted D.represent ( )14.A.understand B.remember C.hear D.teach ( )15.A.record B.respect C.create D.explore W.语法填空 It seems that people in Western countries are becoming increasingly 1. (worry) about the side effects of drugs,and are turning to various 2. (treatment)such as yoga, reflexology and acupuncture(针刺疗法)to complement,or sometimes even replace Western medicine. 3. event in my life three or four years ago made me examine my own attitude towards alternative medicine.After 4. (suffer)from insomnia(失眠)for a few months, I was feeling mentally and physically exhausted.My friend Tony,who 5. (study) acupuncture at a college near London at the time,suggested that I visit an acupuncturist.Since I had a fear of needles,I was 6. (willing)to take his advice.But that time I was so tired that I was prepared to try almost anything. I made an 7. (appoint)with the acupuncturist in my area and turned up at his room the following morning.After taking my pulse,looking at my tongue,and asking a few questions 8 my diet and lifestyle,the acupuncturist correctly reasoned that I was worn out.I found this extremely impressive since he hadn't asked me 9. I had come to see him.He then inserted a needle in my right foot between my first and second toe,and,despite my anxiety,I fell asleep 10. (immediate).At the time I considered the whole experience to be close to a miracle. ·504.