内容正文:
be动词、人称代词及数词教学课堂学案
知识经纬
1. 认识be动词的使用及与人称代词的搭配。
2.了解人称代词的单复数以及与物主代词的区别及使用。
3.学会用英文句子询问并介绍自己及他人的姓名,年龄等信息。
【概念引入】
· be动词
英语中的be动词指的是“am/is/are”的原形,它的意思是“是”。be动词在句子中作谓语动词的时候,要根据句子的主语和时态而变化形式。本单元我们学习的是be动词在一般现在时中的用法。
· 代词
代词是代替名词的一种词类。大多数代词具有名词和形容词的功能。英语中的代词,按其意义、特征及在句中的作用分为:人称代词、物主代词、指示代词、反身代词、相互代词、疑问代词、关系
一、be动词的基本用法:
1、be动词的主要含义:
①是: be+n/adj I am a teacher./You are beautiful./He is in the zoo.
②成为:be+身份/职业 I want to be a singer.
2、be最基本的有三种形式:am, is, are
am:只用于第一人称单数I做主语时→ I am a teacher.
is:只用于第三人称单数,如:he, she, it, Lucy, my mother:→ He is in the zoo.
are:用于第二人称单数及人称的复数做主语时 → You are beautiful.
★口诀:
我用 , 你用 , 用在他她它,单数名词用 ,复数 ,不可数名词用 。
例题一:
1、 I _____ a boy. 2、 The girl ______ Jack's sister. 3、The dog ______ tall and fat. 4、You a student.
5、They ______ on the farm. 6、 It ______ an umbrella.
7、 Bob and Tom _____ doctors.
8.、My parents ______ very busy every day.
9. Some water ______ in the glass.
10. Your hair ______ long. 11. Ten and two ______ twelve.
· 缩写:
I am = I’m we are=we’re you are=[ ] he is=he’s she is=[ ] it is =[ ]
2、含有be动词的肯定句和否定句
I am from London. I am not from London.
He is a teacher. He is not a teacher. He isn't a teacher.
Her eyes are small. Her eyes are not small. Her eyes aren’t small.
She is in the dining room. _____________ _____. ______________ ____.
· 缩写: am not _____ are not _______ is not = _______
★总结:在有be动词的句子中,改否定句时只要在be动词_____加上_____。
· 小结:
1. be 动词的用法:我用 ; 你用 ; 用在他她它;单数 ,复数 ,不可数名词 。
2.在有be动词的句子中,改否定句时只要在be动词 加上 。。
一.人称代词
人称
单数
复数
主格
宾格
主格
宾格
第一人称
I
me
we
us
第二人称
you
you
you
you
第三人称
he
him
they
them
she
her
it
it
人称代词主格:作主语,表示谁怎么样了、干什么了。
I am a teacher.
You are student.
He is a student, too.
We/You/They are students.
人称代词宾格作宾语,表示动作行为的对象,一般放在动词或介词后面。
Give it to me.
Let’s go (let’s =let us)
人称代词主格和宾格的用法:
1) 人称代词的主格在句子中作主语,常常放在动词的前面,用做动词的主语(即动作发出者)。
e.g:I like teaching./ He likes dancing.You are a student.
2) 人称代词的宾格在句子中作宾语或介词宾语,常常放在动词和 介词的后面,作宾语,还可以做表语。(即动作接收者)
3)
e.g:He/She knows Tom, but Tom doesn’t know him/her.
The cat likes fish, but fish is afraid of it.
· 重点:人称代词并列使用的排列顺序
1)单数人称代词并列作主语时,其顺序为:
第二人称 -> 第三人称 -> 第一人称
you -> he/she/it -> I
e.g:You,he and I should return on time.
2)复数人称代词作主语时,其顺序为:
第一人称 -> 第二人称 -> 第三人称
we -> you -> They
e.g:We,you and they are all Chinese.
· 人称代词主格:作主语,表示谁怎么样了、干什么了。
am a teacher. are student.
is a student, too. are students.
· 人称代词宾格作宾语,表示动作行为的对象。
Give it to (I) Pass ________ (he) the book.
Tell _________ (she) the story. Listen to _______ (they).
1. 人称代词练习
(1). __________ is my aunt. (she)
(2)We visit __________. ( she )
(3)Mike is my classmate. ____ is good at Engliush .(his)
(4)Mike’s friends like _____ very much. ( he )
(5)They want a football. I give __________ the green one. ( they)
(6)It’s my bag. You can give ______ (it) to me.
2. 物主代词
表示所属关系的代词叫做物主代词,也叫做代词所有格。物主代词分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词两种。
数
人称
类别
单数
复数
第一
人称
第二
人称
第三
人称
第一
人称
第二
人称
第三
人称
形容词性物主代词
my
your
his
her
its
our
your
their
名词性物主代词
mine
yours
his
hers
its
ours
yours
theirs
汉语
我的
你的
他的
她的
它的
我们的
你们的
他(她、它)们的
物主代词的用法:
1).形容词性物主代词具有形容词的特征,后面+名词。
2).名词性物主代词具有名词的特征,后面不加名词。
· 形容词性物主代词(my/your/his/her/its/our/their)+名词
· 而名词性物主代词(mine/yours/his/hers/its/ours/theirs则相单于形容词性物主代词+名词,故其后不必加名词。
1. 形容词性物主代词起形容词的作用,用在名词前。
例: 1) This is _______ book. 这是我的书。
2) We love_________ motherland. 我们热爱我们的祖国。
1. 名词性物主代词起名词的作用。
名词性物主代词= 形容词性物主代词+名词 例 1) This is _______ book. That is .
这是我的书,那是她的书。
2) The red one is ___ and the blue one is _____ 。= The red one is ______ pencil and the blue one is _______ pencil.
这个红笔是你的,蓝的是我的。
3) He likes ______ pen. He doesn’t like______.
= He doesn’t like ______ pen.
他喜欢我的钢笔。不喜欢她的。
· 为避免重复使用名词,有时可用“名词性物主代词”来代替“形容词性物主代词+名词”的形式。
例: My bag is yellow,_______(her bag) is red,_______(his bag) is blue and _________(your) bag is pink.
What’s ________ (you) name?
________ (I ) name is Sally.
Is this ______ (you) book?
No,,it isn’t, it’s ________.(her book)
This is _____ (we) classroom. _____ (They) classroom is over there.
This is not _______ (he) book. ________ (his book) is over there.
This is not ________( I ) book. _________ (my book) is in the bag.
Where is _______ (you) book? I can’t find ________ (your book)
二.物主代词练习
1. These are ______ ( he ) brothers.
2. That is _______( she ) sister.
3. Lily is _______ ( Lucy ) sister.
4. Those children are _____ ( I ) father’s students.
5. Do you know ______ ( it ) name?
6.—Whose is this pencil?
—It’s ________(I)pencil.
7.Are these ________(you)pencils?
Yes, they are ________(our).
8.Is this pencil-box Li Lei’s? No,___________ is very new. ( he )
9.—Are these ________(they)bags ?
—No, they aren’t ________(their)bags. They are ________(we)bags.
三.单项选择.
1.This is Wang Fang._____ is twelve.
A.His B.She C.Her D.Its
2.I _____ a girl._______ name is Wang Hong.
A.am;My B.is;Her C.am;Your D.is;His
3.Li Lei ______ a boy._____ is 5 years old .
A. am;He B.is;She C.are;His D.is;He
4.-------How old is Spotty?-----_______ five.
A.its’ B.It’s C.it D.its
5.This is a girl. _____name is Lily.
A.His B. hers C.Her D.Its
6. This is a bird. I don’t know _______name.
A. its’ B.it’s C.it D.its
7. She is a student , __ name is Han Mei.
A. its B. her C. hers D. His
8 This is my book. __ are over there.
A. Your B. Yours C. You D. Mine
9. __ bag is new and __ is new, too.
A. Our, he B. Ours, his C. My, his D. My, her
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