考点03 不定式（核心考点精讲精练）（全国通用）2026年高考英语一轮复习高效培优系列

考点03 不定式（核心考点精讲精练） 温馨提示： 本资料注重培优，集中强化重点，突破难度，规避易混易错点，练习全部是26年新模拟题） 1. 高考真题考点分布 考点 题型 动词不定式 年份 试卷类型 考点 考向 语法填空 2025 2025全国二卷 to discover 作定语 2025全国一卷 to present 作宾语 2025浙江I月卷 to rent 作定语 2024 2024·新课标I卷 to give 作宾语补足语 2024·新课标II卷 to find 作原因状语 2024·全国乙卷 / / 2024·全国甲卷 to catch 作宾语 2024·年北京卷 to rest 固定搭配 2024·年浙江1月 to benefit 作目的状语 2023 2023·新课标I卷 to bite 作宾语 to be lifted 作宾语补足语 2023·新课标II卷 / / 2023·全国乙卷 / / 2023·全国甲卷 to teach 作目的状语 2023·年北京卷 to address 作目的状语 2022 2022·新课标I卷 to increase 作目的状语 2022·新课标II卷 to see 作目的状语 2022·全国乙卷 to strengthen 作目的状语 2022·全国甲卷 to journey 作后置定语 2022·年北京卷 to harm 作后置定语 2022·年浙江1月 to continue 作宾语 2. 命题规律及备考策略 【命题规律】 近3年新高考卷对于动词不定式的考查共计12次，主要考查： 1．不定式作的句法功能（目的状语、定语、宾补、主语和宾语）； 2．不定式的一些固定搭配、固定句型； 3. 不定式的各种形式及其意义。 【备考策略】 1.系统归类不定式的用法; 2.熟练掌握不定式的各种形式的意义和用法，尤其是不定式作目的状语及其固定搭配、固定句型。 3.【命题预测】 预测2026年高考语法填空对不定式的考查仍然会成为的重点和难点，尤其是考查不定式的一些固定搭配、固定句型。 必备基础知识： 1.不定式的各种形式 种类 时态 主动形式及意义 被动形式及意义 不定式 一般式 to do 将要发生或发生在谓语动词的动作后 to be done 被动、将来 进行式 to be doing 谓语发生时，不定式表示的动作正在进行或与谓语动词的动作同时发生 完成式 to have done发生在谓语动词的动作之前 to have been done被动、发生在谓语动词的动作之前 2.不定式的句法功能： ①不定式作主语；②不定式作宾语；③不定式作宾语补足语；④不定式作定语；⑤不定式作状语；⑥独立主格结构中不定式。 考点一 不定式作定语 1. 表抽象意义的名词常被不定式修饰，如：chance, need, promise, ability, way, opportunity, right, attempt, plan, evidence等，常表同位关系。 1.In my everyday life, I am on an ongoing journey to figure out different ways ________（reduce）my carbon footprint on the planet. 2．There are very few moments in our lives where we have the privilege (witness) history taking place. 2.名词或代词由序数词或最高级修饰，再被非谓语修饰时，一般用不定式作定语，表主谓关系。 1．（2026·广东省佛山市南海区南执高级中学高三阶段）The woman was Tu Youyou, the first Chinese female scientist (award) a Nobel Prize for her work. 2．As long as you choose the right person (marry), you will enjoy happiness the whole life with or without a wedding party. 1.（2025全国二卷）Growing up, my family and our neighbors never used clotheslines to dry clothing. denying me the chance 62 (discover) one of the great wonders of sunshine — the sweet “sunshine scent” after sunning clothes for an entire day. 2.（2025浙江I月卷）Tanya’s shop offers fashion clothes for women 60 (rent) rather than purchase them outright, providing a less expensive solution to one-time event dressing. 1．This is the golden opportunity (explore) the custom to celebrate the Lantern Festival. 2．His attempt (solve) the puzzle was unsuccessful, but he enjoyed the challenge. 3．The rule says that the last one (leave) the office should remember (close) the windows. 考点二 不定式作状语 1.动词不定式短语作目的状语，常用结构有：to do, so as to do, in order to do 1．Your cat will likely smell your face and store the smell in its memory and use it to (recognition) you in the future. 2． (make) some of my landscape shots, I have traveled up to four hours away to shoot within a 10-minute time frame. 2.动词不定式短语作结果状语。①常用结构so/such…as to…(如此…以致…)enough …to …(足够)only to …(结果)never to… (结果再也没有) too… to… (太…而不能…) She was so late as to miss half of the lecture. 她来得如此晚以至于错过了一半的演讲。 She is such a good teacher as to be respected by all her students. 她是个如此好的老师，以至于受到她所有学生的尊敬。 The house is large enough to hold two hundred people. 这座房子足够大，可以容纳两百人。 ②不定式作结果状语时多表示出乎意料的结果，其逻辑主语通常是句子的主语。作结果状语的不定式通常用一般式，为了表示强调可在不定式前加上only。 I rushed to the station, only to find the train had already gone. 我匆忙赶到火车站，却发现火车已经开走了。 3.作原因状语 不定式与情感类形容词连用时，大多表示原因，用来作原因状语。这类形容词主要有：happy, kind, surprised, frightened, shocked, glad, delighted, disappointed等。 1)I am very happy to see you again. 2)You will be disappointed to fail in the college entrance exams next year. 3)She was sorry to have kept us waiting so long. 4)She was happy to have been staying with her aunt. 5)He jumped with joy to see the nice Christmas presents. 4.动词不定式也可以跟在一些作表语的形容词easy, hard, difficult, pleasant, good, fit, comfortable等后面作状语，构成“主语＋be＋形容词＋不定式”结构，在该结构中构成不定式的动词和句子的主语构成逻辑上的动宾关系，不定式通常用主动形式表示被动含义。另外需注意的是在该结构中，不定式中的动词必须是及物动词，若为不及物动词，则要在其后加上适当的介词，使之构成及物动词短语。 This book is difficult to understand. 这本书很难懂。 The picture is pleasant to look at. 这张画很好看。 1.（20224·新高考Ⅰ卷）The design features ten steel “sepals (萼片)” made of glass and aluminium (铝). These sepals open on warm days 58 (give) the inside plants sunshine and fresh air. 2．(2024·新高考Ⅱ卷)Those cultural elements have increased Stratford’s international visibility, said Edmondson, adding that visitors walking through the Birthplace Garden were often amazed ___43___ (find)the connection between the two great writers. 1．Psychologists use both active and receptive interventions (make) our mental health improved. 2． (find) your advantages and be confident, you will have a full life. 3．Yesterday I went to see my good friend, only (learn) that she had gone abroad a week before. 4．I am very proud and excited (display) the traditional Chinese musical instrument in Cuba and communicate with local musicians. 5．I’m surprised (know) that we can keep flowers blooming by removing the water with a process like air drying or pressing. 考点三 不定式作宾补 1.下列动词（短语）后跟带to的不定式作宾补 advise, allow, ask, beg, cause, encourage, expect, forbid, force, get, intend, invite, order, persuade, prefer, require, teach, tell, want, wish, warn, remind, wait for, call on, depend on等。 Our teacher encourages us to face difficulty bravely.我们老师鼓励我们勇敢地面对困难。 She asked me to answer the phone in her absence.她要我在她不在的时候接电话。 易错点： 1. 感官动词(短语)see, watch, observe, look at, notice, hear, listen to, feel的宾语补足语主要有三种形式，试比较(以see为例)： ① I heard her sing an English song just now.(主动，完成) 刚才我听见她唱了一首英文歌。 ② I heard her singing an English song when I passed by her room yesterday.(主动，正在进行) 昨天经过她房间时，我听见她正在唱一首英文歌。 ③ To learn English well, we should find opportunities to hear English spoken as much as possible.(被动，无时间性) 为了学好英语，我们应该找机会尽可能多地听英语。 易错点：2 使役动词＋宾语＋宾补 注意： (1)在以上省去to的不定式作宾补的结构中，若变为被动语态，需将省去的不定式符号to补出来。 He made his workers work 12 hours a day.（主动） →His workers were made to work 12 hours a day.(被动) 他让他的工人们每天工作12个小时。 (2)have还可以用于“have sth to do/to be done”结构中，其中have作“有”讲，用不定式作定语。 I have something urgent to inform you. （2022浙江卷）Through touch, the one thing gallery signs tell you not __________ (do). 1．Neighbors will bring me freshly made cheese and will come to my door to remind me (close) the window in my car when rain is coming. 2．More than admiring scenery, the mentor told children (identify) rocks and some plant species in the reserve. 3．People were pleased with Henry’s music and songs and finally invited him (perform) on the stage. 考点四 不定式作表语 1.表示一般的概念时，不定式、动词­ing形式可以互换，而表示具体的、个别的动作或有将来含义时，一般用不定式。 ③What she likes is watching/to watch children play. 她喜欢的事情就是看孩子们玩耍。 ④ My wish is to become a good teacher. 我的愿望就是要当个好老师。 2.不定式作表语时，主语常是: duty, work, job, task, wish, hope, thing, goal, aim, problem, question, happiness, what, advice, idea…等： 1)Her duty is to look after the old leaders. 2)Their goal is to become a developed district. 3)The problem is where to build the dam. ●to 不定式作表语解释前面do时, to可省去: 1)Yesterday all we did was (to) clean the kitchen and the toilet. 2)What I would like to do today is (to) have a good sleep at home. 3)The only thing you need to do now is (to) fill in/up/out the form immediately. 4)All she wanted to do when she got the first prize in the contest was (to) say thanks to her teachers and parents. I want to experience some Chinese culture, but my main goal is (find) out which university is the best for me to attend. 1．Group leader’s duty is (ensure) that all pupils in his group understand and practice what the teacher has taught. 2．As students, our first priority is (improve) our learning capacity. 考点五 不定式作主语 1.动词不定式直接作主语 ①不定式（to + 动词原形）直接置于句首作主语，表示一次性的、具体的动作或将来的行为。 (change) bad habits is never easy, but as long as you persist, you will succeed. ②【易错提醒】动词不定式作主语谓语用单数形式。 To love and to be loved is the greatest happiness. 爱与被爱是最大的幸福。 2.“疑问词+不定式”作主语 ①“疑问词(what, how…)+不定式” 结构可作主语，表达 “如何做 / 做什么” 等含义。 How to solve the problem is still unknown. 如何解决这个问题仍不清楚。 When to start the meeting has not been decided. 会议何时开始尚未决定。 ②【易错提醒】“疑问词+不定式”结构作主语谓语用单数形式；难点在于疑问词的选择。 What to do next depends on your decision. 接下来做什么取决于你的决定。 3. It作形式主语不定式作真正主语 ①当不定式作主语时，为避免句子头重脚轻，常用 it 作形式主语，将真正的主语（不定式）置于句末。常用于“It+be+形容词/名词(for/of sb)+to do sth.”或It takes sb time to do sth.句型。 1．It’s good (spend) time with my family, although it can get a bit boring in my hometown after a while. 2．It’s necessary (promote) cultural and tourism resources with digital means, because intelligent transformation of scenic spots brings newer experiences to tourists and makes management more efficient. ②当形容词描述人的品质（kind, clever, foolish 等）时，用 of；当句中形容词描述动作特征时用for。 It is important for us to protect wild animals. 对我们而言，保护野生动物很重要。 It was foolish of him to make such a mistake. 他犯这样的错误，太愚蠢了。 （2021全国甲卷）It is possible __________ (walk) or bike the entire 14 kilometers. 1．It is easier (avoid) a discussion, but risking talking about it may eventually lead to a better outcome. 2．There is no doubt that it is vital (have) a good command of some knowledge of first aid. 3．So we think it is reasonable (assume) they lived in these caves, regardless of the cold. 考点六 不定式作宾语 1.不定式作宾语：下面这些词常接不定式作宾语： like/love/want/wish/hope/expect/desire/hate/prefer/continue/manage/try/ask/beg/demand/afford/offer/fail/start/begin/forget/remember/promise/mean/intend/attempt/decide/determine/learn/agree/choose/pretend/arrange to do… 1)We decide to study harder than ever before. 2)Please remember to buy some medicine for the patient on your way back home. 2.it作形式宾语代不定式: find/think/consider/feel/make it + 形/名 + to 不定式: 发现/认为/使得做…是… 1)We find it necessary to master German and French. 2)I think it a pity to miss such a good chance. 3)We feel/think it our duty to make our country a better place. 4)New technologies have made it possible to produce new products faster and at a lower cost. 1.（2025全国一卷）We hope (present)the rather abstract Go game and AI in a visual context, and initiate dialogues with minimalist art, conceptual art and expressionism. 2.（2024全国甲卷）Although parks of all sizes and types exist at any level, the national parks, in particular, tend ___________(catch) our attention because of their large size and variety. 1．Those tourists cannot wait enjoy the local food recommended by the local guide. 2．Half of the students surveyed prefer (learn) English by watching English movies. 3．Leaders of many countries have been trying (figure) out what it is that makes China develop so fast. 4．We are seeking (find) a way to make us get along well with the people around us. （最新模拟试题演练） 1.（2026·湖北省高中名校联盟高三上学期第一次联合测评）Qu Yingpu, the book’s publisher and editor- in- chief of China Daily, notes that the stories “ignite (点燃) goodwill” for a harmonious world, and “encourage people to remember the past, and more importantly, 65 (picture) a brighter future.” 2.（2026·辽宁省名校联盟高三上学期8月联考）When the cues that spark a habit are subtle or hidden, they are easy 61 (ignore). 3.（2026·四川省广安市广安三区联考高三上学期8月月考）A cutting-edge virtual carnival demonstrates how enhanced reality technology transforms athletic experiences, operating daily from 7:00 am until 2:00 am 64 ( serve) diverse schedules. 4.（2026·河北省石家庄市正定县河北正定中学高三上学期开学）I enjoyed being taken around as Stephanie pointed out this or that building, place or monument and explained to me the bargaining process in the markets and showed me where 38 (eat) a full meal for only a few dollars. 5.（2026·河南省部分学校高三上学期模拟考试（8月调研考））An expert in international law mentioned that it is difficult to get back China’s lost cultural items overseas because many of them were lost over a long time for different reasons, and they are spread out. He said it is essential 49 (make) a full list of these lost items and study where they came from and how they were moved. 6.（2026·湖南省高三阶段性检测（一））Singers use techniques like Nogala — vocal tremolos (颤音) copying wind or horse gallops — 40 (create) unforgettable, waving music. 7.（2026·湖南省长沙市雅礼中学高三上学期开学）He said it is essential 45 (make) a full list of these lost items and study where they came from and how they were moved. 8.（2026·山西省山西大学附属中学校等校高三上学期8月月考）We’ll have a chance 38 (see) some of them shortly — the Library Cave is only a stone’s throw from here. 9.（2026·山西省怀仁市第一中学校高三上学期摸底）Her lover, Ahei, made every effort 38 (save) her. 10.（2026·陕西省榆林市榆阳区陕西省榆林中学高三上学期开学）It is possible   38 (walk) or bike the entire 14 kilometers. 11.（2026·四川省巴中市普通高中高三上学期9月零诊）Anyone who cannot bear the smell of the kitchen is unable 40 (put) up with the work of compilation. 12.（2026·广东省湛江市湛江市八校联考高三上学期8月月考）The course included 14 turns, hills, and uneven surfaces like railroad tracks. Many robots faced difficulties — low batteries caused some to fall, while overheating forced technicians 41 (cool) down the robots with water. 13.（2026·安徽省江淮十校高三上学期8月第一次联考）The academy has also launched virtual reality (VR) tours, which enable visitors 44 (explore) the caves in an immersive and interactive way. 14.（2026·广东省（石门中学、南海中学、珠海一中等）部分学校高三上学期开学综合能力测试）The most valuable tulips had lines of color like fires. Rich businessmen collected them 40 (show) off. 15.（2026·内蒙古部分学校高三上学期8月开学教学质量检测） 41 (tackle) these challenges, the publishing industry must shift from merely producing content to becoming creators of a knowledge service ecosystem. 语法填空 阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。（2026·广东省普宁市第一中学高三上学期第一次月考） The Sad Zither is a famous seven-verse poem 1 (write)by Tang Dynasty poet Li Shangyin (813—858). Due to its rich imagery, the poem is regarded as one of 2 (hard)poems to explain and translate. In 3 beginning of the poem, the poet looks at his zither and recalls the death of his beloved wife. The big number of strings, which might not be the real number, is mentioned 4 (show) his feeling. With so many strings, his zither creates complicated tones, 5 (suggest) the sorrow and depression the poet feels. The reality is so cruel that he wishes everything 6 happened was untrue. In this part, he uses four Chinese ancient myths and legends: Zhuangzi, a philosopher, dreams of being a butterfly and couldn’t distinguish dream 7 reality; the ancient emperor Wang becomes a cuckoo and always cries; mermaid’s tears become pearl and vapor of jade from Lantian County can 8 (see)in the sunlight. The first three stories all create a sad atmosphere. Though the last legend describes a beautiful scene, it’s hard to reach, implicating the hopelessness. Actually, the four 9 (story)he chose indicate Li’s dissatisfaction with his life.   In the end, the poet 10 (direct)expresses his point. He wrote about his regret toward the passing years and the helplessness of being unable to change anything, even if he was given the chance to live those years again. 单句语法填空 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 1.【2024全国甲卷】Although parks of all sizes and types exist at any level, the national parks, in particular, tend ____41____（catch）our attention because of their large size and variety. 2.【2024新课标ⅠⅠ卷】Those cultural elements have increased Stratford’s international visibility, said Edmondson, adding that visitors walking through the Birthplace Garden were often amazed ___43___ (find)the connection between the two great writers. 3.【2024北京卷】 Slowing down can contribute significantly to personal growth. Taking the time ___11___ (rest) allows us to develop a deeper sense of self-awareness. 5.【2024浙江1月卷】The shelves in most supermarkets are full of family-size this and multi-buy that. However, if you’re shopping for one, buying extra ____36____ (benefit) from price reductions doesn’t make sense. 6.【2023年新高考全国Ⅰ卷】To eat one, you have to decide whether ____37____ (bite) a small hole in it first, releasing the stream and risking a spill (溢出), or to put the whole dumpling in your mouth, letting the hot soup explode on your tongue. 7.【2023年新高考全国Ⅰ卷】Nanxiang aside, the best Xiao long bao have a fine skin, allowing them ____41____ (lift) out of the steamer basket without allowing them tearing or spilling any of their contents. 8.【2023年全国甲卷】For thousands of years, people have told fables (寓言) ___41___ (teach) a lesson or to pass on wisdom 09.【2022新高考I卷】The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that were previously unprotected, bringing many of the existing protected areas for giant pandas under one authority ___________ (increase)effectiveness and reduce inconsistencies in management. 10.【2022全国甲卷】A visually-challenged man from Beijing recently hiked (徒步) 40 days to Xi’an, as a first step ___________ (journey) the Belt and Road route (路线) by foot. 11.【2022全国乙卷】__________ (strengthen)the connection with young people, the event included a number of public promotional activities on social media, inviting twenty-nine tea professionals from around the world to have thirty-six hours of uninterrupted live broadcasts. 12.【2022年浙江卷1月】That approach brought Cobb's air travel last year down by 75%, and she plans ____________（continue） the practice. "It has been fairly rewarding. ", she says, "a really positive change." 13.【2022年新高考2卷】Eric woke up a little later when he heard children playing outside. He pushed a chair onto the balcony, and climbed up ___39___ (see) them. 14.【2022年北京卷】As Helen walked on, she heard a man charging towards her. Fearful that he might have an intention ____12____ (harm) her, Helen started to run. 15.【2021全国甲卷】 It is possible      3      (walk) or bike the entire 14 kilometers. 16.【2021全国乙卷】Activities there range from whale watching to hiking （远足） and accommodations aim      10      (have) a low impact on the natural environment. 17.【2021.6 浙江卷】Mary's sister, Frances Todd Wallace, often came over      8      (plant) flowers in the front yard. 2 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 29 / 32 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 考点03 不定式（核心考点精讲精练） 温馨提示： 本资料注重培优，集中强化重点，突破难度，规避易混易错点，练习全部是26年新模拟题） 1. 高考真题考点分布 考点 题型 动词不定式 年份 试卷类型 考点 考向 语法填空 2025 2025全国二卷 to discover 作定语 2025全国一卷 to present 作宾语 2025浙江I月卷 to rent 作定语 2024 2024·新课标I卷 to give 作宾语补足语 2024·新课标II卷 to find 作原因状语 2024·全国乙卷 / / 2024·全国甲卷 to catch 作宾语 2024·年北京卷 to rest 固定搭配 2024·年浙江1月 to benefit 作目的状语 2023 2023·新课标I卷 to bite 作宾语 to be lifted 作宾语补足语 2023·新课标II卷 / / 2023·全国乙卷 / / 2023·全国甲卷 to teach 作目的状语 2023·年北京卷 to address 作目的状语 2022 2022·新课标I卷 to increase 作目的状语 2022·新课标II卷 to see 作目的状语 2022·全国乙卷 to strengthen 作目的状语 2022·全国甲卷 to journey 作后置定语 2022·年北京卷 to harm 作后置定语 2022·年浙江1月 to continue 作宾语 2. 命题规律及备考策略 【命题规律】 近3年新高考卷对于动词不定式的考查共计12次，主要考查： 1．不定式作的句法功能（目的状语、定语、宾补、主语和宾语）； 2．不定式的一些固定搭配、固定句型； 3. 不定式的各种形式及其意义。 【备考策略】 1.系统归类不定式的用法; 2.熟练掌握不定式的各种形式的意义和用法，尤其是不定式作目的状语及其固定搭配、固定句型。 3.【命题预测】 预测2026年高考语法填空对不定式的考查仍然会成为的重点和难点，尤其是考查不定式的一些固定搭配、固定句型。 必备基础知识： 1.不定式的各种形式 种类 时态 主动形式及意义 被动形式及意义 不定式 一般式 to do 将要发生或发生在谓语动词的动作后 to be done 被动、将来 进行式 to be doing 谓语发生时，不定式表示的动作正在进行或与谓语动词的动作同时发生 完成式 to have done发生在谓语动词的动作之前 to have been done被动、发生在谓语动词的动作之前 2.不定式的句法功能： ①不定式作主语；②不定式作宾语；③不定式作宾语补足语；④不定式作定语；⑤不定式作状语；⑥独立主格结构中不定式。 考点一 不定式作定语 1. 表抽象意义的名词常被不定式修饰，如：chance, need, promise, ability, way, opportunity, right, attempt, plan, evidence等，常表同位关系。 1.In my everyday life, I am on an ongoing journey to figure out different ways ________（reduce）my carbon footprint on the planet. 【答案】to reduce 【解析】考查不定式。在我的日常生活里，我正在进行一次寻找不同方法来减少碳排放的旅程。此处是短语way to do something意为：做事的方法。不定式作定语。故填to reduce。 2．There are very few moments in our lives where we have the privilege (witness) history taking place. 【答案】to witness 【解析】考查动词。句意：在我们的生命历程中，能够见证历史发生的情景实属罕见。名词privilege后跟不定式，作后置定语，have the privilege to do sth.表示“做某事很荣幸”。故填to witness。 2.名词或代词由序数词或最高级修饰，再被非谓语修饰时，一般用不定式作定语，表主谓关系。 1．（2026·广东省佛山市南海区南执高级中学高三阶段）The woman was Tu Youyou, the first Chinese female scientist (award) a Nobel Prize for her work. 【答案】 to be awarded 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：这位女士是屠呦呦，第一位因她的工作而被授予诺贝尔奖的中国女科学家。当名词前有序数词修饰时，后面常用不定式作后置定语；且scientist与award之间是被动关系，所以用不定式的被动形式to be awarded。故填to be awarded。 2．As long as you choose the right person (marry), you will enjoy happiness the whole life with or without a wedding party. 【答案】to marry 【解析】考查动词不定式。句意：只要你选对了结婚的人，不管有没有婚礼，你都会享受一生的幸福。分析句子结构可知，从句中已有谓语动词“choose”，故空处需填非谓语动词，在the right+名词结构中，后接动词不定式作后置定语。故填to marry。 1.（2025全国二卷）Growing up, my family and our neighbors never used clotheslines to dry clothing. denying me the chance 62 (discover) one of the great wonders of sunshine — the sweet “sunshine scent” after sunning clothes for an entire day. 【答案】to discover 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：在我的成长过程中，我的家人和邻居从不使用晾衣绳晾晒衣物，这让我没有机会发现阳光的奇妙之处之一——将衣服晒了一整天后散发的甜美的“阳光的味道”。本句已有谓语used，此处应用非谓语动词， chance to do sth.“做某事的机会”,本空用discover的不定式，作定语。故填to discover。 2.（2025浙江I月卷）Tanya’s shop offers fashion clothes for women 60 (rent) rather than purchase them outright, providing a less expensive solution to one-time event dressing. 【答案】to rent 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：坦尼娅的店铺提供女士时尚服装租赁服务，而非直接出售，为一次性活动着装提供了更经济实惠的解决方案。分析句子结构可知，空白处作定语，应用动词不定式。 1．This is the golden opportunity (explore) the custom to celebrate the Lantern Festival. 【答案】to explore 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：这是探索元宵节习俗进而庆祝它的黄金机会。opportunity后面通常跟动词不定式作后置定语，表示“做某事的机会”。故填to explore。 2．His attempt (solve) the puzzle was unsuccessful, but he enjoyed the challenge. 【答案】to solve 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：他试图解开这个谜题没有成功，但他喜欢这个挑战。名词attempt，effort等常接动词不定式，作后置定语。故填to solve。 3．The rule says that the last one (leave) the office should remember (close) the windows. 【答案】to leave, to close 【解析】考查动词不定式。句意：规定要求最后一个离开办公室的人应该记得关窗户。当名词或代词被序数词修饰时，其后用不定式作后置定语，第一空代词one被the first修饰，且代词one与leave之间都是主动关系，故用不定式的一般形式，故第一空应该填to leave；第二空同样是一个动词不定式短语，作为remember的宾语，构成remember to do something的结构，意思是“记得去做某事”，所以，to close the windows就是“记得去关窗户”的意思。故填①to leave②to close。 考点二 不定式作状语 1.动词不定式短语作目的状语，常用结构有：to do, so as to do, in order to do 1．Your cat will likely smell your face and store the smell in its memory and use it to (recognition) you in the future. 【答案】recognize/recognise 【解析】考查动词。句意：你的猫可能会闻到你的脸，并将气味储存在记忆中，以便将来认出你。句子中use it to结构要求to后接动词原形；recognition为名词，需转换为动词recognize/recognise，意为“识别”，构成不定式作目的状语。故填recognize/recognise。 2． (make) some of my landscape shots, I have traveled up to four hours away to shoot within a 10-minute time frame. 【答案】To make 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：为了拍摄一些风景照，我跋涉了四个小时，只为在十分钟的时间窗口期内进行拍摄。分析句子结构可知，逗号后为主句，且逗号前无其它连词，因此动词make应用非谓语动词形式；根据语意可知，“traveled up to four hours away”的目的是“make some of my landscape shots”，因此应用make的动词不定式形式作目的状语，表“为了……”，且位于句首，首字母需大写。故填To make。 2.动词不定式短语作结果状语。①常用结构so/such…as to…(如此…以致…)enough …to …(足够)only to …(结果)never to… (结果再也没有) too… to… (太…而不能…) She was so late as to miss half of the lecture. 她来得如此晚以至于错过了一半的演讲。 She is such a good teacher as to be respected by all her students. 她是个如此好的老师，以至于受到她所有学生的尊敬。 The house is large enough to hold two hundred people. 这座房子足够大，可以容纳两百人。 ②不定式作结果状语时多表示出乎意料的结果，其逻辑主语通常是句子的主语。作结果状语的不定式通常用一般式，为了表示强调可在不定式前加上only。 I rushed to the station, only to find the train had already gone. 我匆忙赶到火车站，却发现火车已经开走了。 3.作原因状语 不定式与情感类形容词连用时，大多表示原因，用来作原因状语。这类形容词主要有：happy, kind, surprised, frightened, shocked, glad, delighted, disappointed等。 1)I am very happy to see you again. 2)You will be disappointed to fail in the college entrance exams next year. 3)She was sorry to have kept us waiting so long. 4)She was happy to have been staying with her aunt. 5)He jumped with joy to see the nice Christmas presents. 4.动词不定式也可以跟在一些作表语的形容词easy, hard, difficult, pleasant, good, fit, comfortable等后面作状语，构成“主语＋be＋形容词＋不定式”结构，在该结构中构成不定式的动词和句子的主语构成逻辑上的动宾关系，不定式通常用主动形式表示被动含义。另外需注意的是在该结构中，不定式中的动词必须是及物动词，若为不及物动词，则要在其后加上适当的介词，使之构成及物动词短语。 This book is difficult to understand. 这本书很难懂。 The picture is pleasant to look at. 这张画很好看。 1.（20224·新高考Ⅰ卷）The design features ten steel “sepals (萼片)” made of glass and aluminium (铝). These sepals open on warm days 58 (give) the inside plants sunshine and fresh air. 【答案】to give 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：这些萼片在温暖的日子里开放为内部植物提供阳光和新鲜空气。此处是不定式短语作目的状语。故填to give。 2．(2024·新高考Ⅱ卷)Those cultural elements have increased Stratford’s international visibility, said Edmondson, adding that visitors walking through the Birthplace Garden were often amazed ___43___ (find)the connection between the two great writers. 【答案】to find 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：Edmondson说，这些文化元素提高了斯特拉特福德的国际知名度，并补充说，游客们穿过故居花园时，常常惊讶于这两位伟大作家之间的联系。非谓语动词担当形容词“amazed”后的原因状语，用动词不定式形式。故填to find。 1．Psychologists use both active and receptive interventions (make) our mental health improved. 【答案】to make 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：心理学家会采用主动干预和被动干预两种方式来改善我们的心理健康状况。use sth. to do sth.“使用某物做某事”为固定搭配，其中动词不定式作目的状语。故填to make。 2． (find) your advantages and be confident, you will have a full life. 【答案】To find 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：发现自己的优势并充满自信，你就会拥有充实的生活。逗号后为主句，且空前无其它连词，所以find应用非谓语动词形式，结合句意可知，此处表示目的，所以应用动词不定式作目的状语，且位于句首，首字母需大写。故填To find。 3．Yesterday I went to see my good friend, only (learn) that she had gone abroad a week before. 【答案】to learn 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：昨天我去看我的好朋友，却得知她一星期前就出国了。此处需要使用非谓语动词作状语，主语I与learn是主动关系，因此此处需要使用不定式的主动式与only搭配，构成结果状语，即“only to do sth.”表述出乎意料。故填to learn。 4．I am very proud and excited (display) the traditional Chinese musical instrument in Cuba and communicate with local musicians. 【答案】to display 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：我非常自豪和激动能在古巴展示中国传统乐器并与当地音乐家交流。be动词+情绪类形容词+to do sth.是固定结构，此处用不定式作原因状语，故填to display。 5．I’m surprised (know) that we can keep flowers blooming by removing the water with a process like air drying or pressing. 【答案】to know 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：我很惊讶地发现，我们可以通过像风干或压榨这样的方法去除水分来保持鲜花盛开。“be surprised to do sth.”为固定搭配，表示“对做某事感到惊讶”，其中动词不定式“to do sth.”作原因状语，用来说明惊讶的原因。故填to know。 考点三 不定式作宾补 1.下列动词（短语）后跟带to的不定式作宾补 advise, allow, ask, beg, cause, encourage, expect, forbid, force, get, intend, invite, order, persuade, prefer, require, teach, tell, want, wish, warn, remind, wait for, call on, depend on等。 Our teacher encourages us to face difficulty bravely.我们老师鼓励我们勇敢地面对困难。 She asked me to answer the phone in her absence.她要我在她不在的时候接电话。 易错点： 1. 感官动词(短语)see, watch, observe, look at, notice, hear, listen to, feel的宾语补足语主要有三种形式，试比较(以see为例)： ① I heard her sing an English song just now.(主动，完成) 刚才我听见她唱了一首英文歌。 ② I heard her singing an English song when I passed by her room yesterday.(主动，正在进行) 昨天经过她房间时，我听见她正在唱一首英文歌。 ③ To learn English well, we should find opportunities to hear English spoken as much as possible.(被动，无时间性) 为了学好英语，我们应该找机会尽可能多地听英语。 易错点：2 使役动词＋宾语＋宾补 注意： (1)在以上省去to的不定式作宾补的结构中，若变为被动语态，需将省去的不定式符号to补出来。 He made his workers work 12 hours a day.（主动） →His workers were made to work 12 hours a day.(被动) 他让他的工人们每天工作12个小时。 (2)have还可以用于“have sth to do/to be done”结构中，其中have作“有”讲，用不定式作定语。 I have something urgent to inform you. （2022浙江卷）Through touch, the one thing gallery signs tell you not __________ (do). 【答案】to do 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：通过触摸，这是画廊招牌告诉你不要做的一件事。tell sb not to do sth“告诉某人不要做某事”为固定短语。故填to do。 1．Neighbors will bring me freshly made cheese and will come to my door to remind me (close) the window in my car when rain is coming. 【答案】to close 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：邻居们会给我带来新鲜制作的奶酪，而且会在下雨的时候来我家门口提醒我关上车窗。remind sb to do sth.是固定搭配，表示“提醒某人做某事”，其中动词不定式to do作宾语补足语，空处填不定式形式to close。故填to close。 2．More than admiring scenery, the mentor told children (identify) rocks and some plant species in the reserve. 【答案】to identify 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：导师告诉孩子们，除了欣赏风景，还要识别保护区里的岩石和一些植物物种。tell sb. to do sth.为固定搭配，表示“告诉某人做某事”，所以空处应用动词不定式形式作宾语补足语。故填to identify。 3．People were pleased with Henry’s music and songs and finally invited him (perform) on the stage. 【答案】to perform 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：人们喜欢亨利的音乐和歌曲，最后邀请他上台表演。此处为“invite sb. to do sth.”固定搭配，意为“邀请某人做某事”，应用动词不定式作宾语补足语。故填to perform。 考点四 不定式作表语 1.表示一般的概念时，不定式、动词­ing形式可以互换，而表示具体的、个别的动作或有将来含义时，一般用不定式。 ③What she likes is watching/to watch children play. 她喜欢的事情就是看孩子们玩耍。 ④ My wish is to become a good teacher. 我的愿望就是要当个好老师。 2.不定式作表语时，主语常是: duty, work, job, task, wish, hope, thing, goal, aim, problem, question, happiness, what, advice, idea…等： 1)Her duty is to look after the old leaders. 2)Their goal is to become a developed district. 3)The problem is where to build the dam. ●to 不定式作表语解释前面do时, to可省去: 1)Yesterday all we did was (to) clean the kitchen and the toilet. 2)What I would like to do today is (to) have a good sleep at home. 3)The only thing you need to do now is (to) fill in/up/out the form immediately. 4)All she wanted to do when she got the first prize in the contest was (to) say thanks to her teachers and parents. I want to experience some Chinese culture, but my main goal is (find) out which university is the best for me to attend. 【答案】to find 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：我想体验一些中国文化，但我的主要目标是找出哪所大学最适合我。设空处应填动词不定式作表语，说明未来的动作或目的。故填to find。 1．Group leader’s duty is (ensure) that all pupils in his group understand and practice what the teacher has taught. 【答案】to ensure 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：组长的职责是确保小组中的所有学生都理解并练习老师所教的内容。设空处应填动词不定式作表语，说明主语Group leader’s duty的具体内容。故填to ensure。 2．As students, our first priority is (improve) our learning capacity. 【答案】to improve 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：作为学生，我们首要任务是提高我们的学习能力。 is为系动词，此处需用非谓语动词作表语。动词不定式to improve表示主语的内容，强调将来的动作。故填to improve。 考点五 不定式作主语 1.动词不定式直接作主语 ①不定式（to + 动词原形）直接置于句首作主语，表示一次性的、具体的动作或将来的行为。 (change) bad habits is never easy, but as long as you persist, you will succeed. 【答案】To change 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：改变坏习惯从来都不是一件容易的事，但只要你坚持，你就会成功。设空处应填动词不定式作主语，强调“改变”这个动作需要主动执行，位于句首时，首字母需大写。故填To change。 ②【易错提醒】动词不定式作主语谓语用单数形式。 To love and to be loved is the greatest happiness. 爱与被爱是最大的幸福。 2.“疑问词+不定式”作主语 ①“疑问词(what, how…)+不定式” 结构可作主语，表达 “如何做 / 做什么” 等含义。 How to solve the problem is still unknown. 如何解决这个问题仍不清楚。 When to start the meeting has not been decided. 会议何时开始尚未决定。 ②【易错提醒】“疑问词+不定式”结构作主语谓语用单数形式；难点在于疑问词的选择。 What to do next depends on your decision. 接下来做什么取决于你的决定。 3. It作形式主语不定式作真正主语 ①当不定式作主语时，为避免句子头重脚轻，常用 it 作形式主语，将真正的主语（不定式）置于句末。常用于“It+be+形容词/名词(for/of sb)+to do sth.”或It takes sb time to do sth.句型。 1．It’s good (spend) time with my family, although it can get a bit boring in my hometown after a while. 【答案】to spend 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：花时间和家人在一起是很好的，尽管在我的家乡待一段时间后可能会有点无聊。设空处应填动词不定式作真正的主语，构成固定句型It’s+adj.+to do sth，表示“做某事是……的”，其中it是形式主语，不定式是真正的主语。故填to spend。 2．It’s necessary (promote) cultural and tourism resources with digital means, because intelligent transformation of scenic spots brings newer experiences to tourists and makes management more efficient. 【答案】to promote 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：用数字手段推广文化和旅游资源是必要的，因为景区的智能化改造给游客带来了更新的体验，也使管理更高效。it’s necessary to do sth.是固定句型，其中it为形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式短语，故此处应用动词promote“推广”的不定式to promote，作真正的主语。故填to promote。 ②当形容词描述人的品质（kind, clever, foolish 等）时，用 of；当句中形容词描述动作特征时用for。 It is important for us to protect wild animals. 对我们而言，保护野生动物很重要。 It was foolish of him to make such a mistake. 他犯这样的错误，太愚蠢了。 （2021全国甲卷）It is possible __________ (walk) or bike the entire 14 kilometers. 【答案】 to walk 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：在观察了城墙上所有的防御设备后，我们决定是时候采取行动了，还有什么比骑在历史上更好的呢。分析句子可知，此处为句型“it +be+adj+to do sth.”，it为形式主语，动词walk的不定式短语作真正主语。故填to walk。 1．It is easier (avoid) a discussion, but risking talking about it may eventually lead to a better outcome. 【答案】to avoid 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：避免讨论更容易，但冒着谈论它的风险最终可能会带来更好的结果。此处为固定句型it be+adj.+to do sth.意为“做某事是怎么样的”，其中it为形式主语，动词不定式作真正的主语，所以此处使用动词不定式形式。故填to avoid。 2．There is no doubt that it is vital (have) a good command of some knowledge of first aid. 【答案】to have 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：毫无疑问，熟练掌握一些急救知识是至关重要的。此处为固定句型“It is vital to do sth.”，其中“it”是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式短语，所给词“have”是动词，所以此处为不定式形式to have。故填to have。 3．So we think it is reasonable (assume) they lived in these caves, regardless of the cold. 【答案】to assume 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：所以我们认为，不管天有多冷，假设他们住在这些洞穴里是合理的。句中使用了“it is + 形容词 + to do sth.”的固定句型，其中“it”是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式短语，所给词“assume”是动词，应用其不定式形式to assume作主语。故填to assume。 考点六 不定式作宾语 1.不定式作宾语：下面这些词常接不定式作宾语： like/love/want/wish/hope/expect/desire/hate/prefer/continue/manage/try/ask/beg/demand/afford/offer/fail/start/begin/forget/remember/promise/mean/intend/attempt/decide/determine/learn/agree/choose/pretend/arrange to do… 1)We decide to study harder than ever before. 2)Please remember to buy some medicine for the patient on your way back home. 2.it作形式宾语代不定式: find/think/consider/feel/make it + 形/名 + to 不定式: 发现/认为/使得做…是… 1)We find it necessary to master German and French. 2)I think it a pity to miss such a good chance. 3)We feel/think it our duty to make our country a better place. 4)New technologies have made it possible to produce new products faster and at a lower cost. 1.（2025全国一卷）We hope (present)the rather abstract Go game and AI in a visual context, and initiate dialogues with minimalist art, conceptual art and expressionism. 【答案】to present 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：我们希望在一个视觉语境中呈现相当抽象的围棋游戏和人工智能，并与极简主义艺术、观念艺术和表现主义展开对话。本句谓语为hope，此处为非谓语动词，hope to do sth.“希望做某事”，所以此处需用动词present“呈现”的不定式，作宾语。故填to present。 2.（2024全国甲卷）Although parks of all sizes and types exist at any level, the national parks, in particular, tend ___________(catch) our attention because of their large size and variety. 【答案】to catch 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：尽管村子任何层级的各种规模和类型的公园，但特别是国家公园，由于其规模大、种类多，往往会引起我们的注意。固定搭配：tend to do sth.，表示“倾向于做某事”，不定式作宾语，故填to catch。 1．Those tourists cannot wait enjoy the local food recommended by the local guide. 【答案】to 【解析】考查固定短语。句意：那些游客迫不及待地想享用当地导游推荐的美食。此处是固定搭配cannot wait to do sth.，意为“迫不及待做某事”，故空处需填动词不定式符号to，构成动词不定式短语作宾语。故填to。 2．Half of the students surveyed prefer (learn) English by watching English movies. 【答案】to learn 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：被调查的学生中有一半更喜欢通过看英语电影来学习英语。“prefer to do sth”是固定搭配，意为“更喜欢做某事”，此处应用动词不定式作宾语。故填to learn。 3．Leaders of many countries have been trying (figure) out what it is that makes China develop so fast. 【答案】to figure 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：许多国家的领导人一直在努力弄清楚是什么让中国发展得如此之快。本句已有谓语动词have been trying，所以figure应用非谓语动词形式，又因try to do sth.意为“努力做某事”，所以此处应用to figure，作宾语。故填to figure。 4．We are seeking (find) a way to make us get along well with the people around us. 【答案】to find 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：我们正在努力找到一种能让我们与周围人友好相处的方法。seek to do sth.是固定搭配，意为“努力做某事、试图做某事”，其中不定式to do sth.作宾语。故填to find。 （最新模拟试题演练） 1.（2026·湖北省高中名校联盟高三上学期第一次联合测评）Qu Yingpu, the book’s publisher and editor- in- chief of China Daily, notes that the stories “ignite (点燃) goodwill” for a harmonious world, and “encourage people to remember the past, and more importantly, 65 (picture) a brighter future.” 【答案】to picture/picture 【解析】考查不定式。句意：该书出版商、《中国日报》总编辑曲莹璞指出，这些故事 “点燃了人们对和谐世界的善意”，“鼓励人们铭记过去，更重要的是，畅想一个更光明的未来。”根据上文“encourage people to remember the past, and more importantly”，故此处需要(to) picture与to remember并列作宾语补足语，表示“描绘一个光明的未来”，and连接两个不定式短语，第二个不定式符号可以省略。故填to picture/picture。 2.（2026·辽宁省名校联盟高三上学期8月联考）When the cues that spark a habit are subtle or hidden, they are easy 61 (ignore). 【答案】to ignore 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：当引发习惯的线索很微妙或隐藏时，它们很容易被忽视。“be easy to do sth.”是一个常见的固定搭配，意为“做某事很容易”，在此结构中，动词不定式用主动形式表示被动含义，所以这里用to ignore，表示线索容易被忽视。故填to ignore。 3.（2026·四川省广安市广安三区联考高三上学期8月月考）A cutting-edge virtual carnival demonstrates how enhanced reality technology transforms athletic experiences, operating daily from 7:00 am until 2:00 am 64 ( serve) diverse schedules. 【答案】to serve 【解析】考查动词不定式。句意：一个尖端的虚拟嘉年华展示了增强现实技术如何改变运动体验，每天从早上7点到凌晨2点提供各种时间表。根据句意可知，这里用动词不定式作目的状语，表示“从早上 7 点到凌晨 2 点运营，以满足不同的日程安排”，所以填“to serve”。故填to serve。 4.（2026·河北省石家庄市正定县河北正定中学高三上学期开学）I enjoyed being taken around as Stephanie pointed out this or that building, place or monument and explained to me the bargaining process in the markets and showed me where 38 (eat) a full meal for only a few dollars. 【答案】to eat 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：我很喜欢姐姐带我四处逛，她会指出这个或那个建筑、地方或纪念碑，向我解释市场里的砍价流程，还告诉我在哪里只用几美元就能吃一顿饱饭。此处为“疑问词+不定式”结构，作showed的宾语，所以用to eat。故填to eat。 5.（2026·河南省部分学校高三上学期模拟考试（8月调研考））An expert in international law mentioned that it is difficult to get back China’s lost cultural items overseas because many of them were lost over a long time for different reasons, and they are spread out. He said it is essential 49 (make) a full list of these lost items and study where they came from and how they were moved. 【答案】to make 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：他说，列出这些丢失物品的完整清单，并研究它们来自哪里以及它们是如何被移动的，这是至关重要的。It is essential to do sth.表示“做某事是至关重要的”，固定句型，其中it是形式主语，真正的主语是动词不定式，所以空处需用动词不定式to make作主语。故填to make。 6.（2026·湖南省高三阶段性检测（一））Singers use techniques like Nogala — vocal tremolos (颤音) copying wind or horse gallops — 40 (create) unforgettable, waving music. 【答案】to create 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：歌手们运用“诺加拉”（Nogala）等技巧——模仿风声或马蹄声的 颤音——来创造令人难忘的、如波浪般起伏的音乐。根据“use sth. to do sth.”意为“用某物做某事”可知，此处为动词不定式作目的状语，所以用to create。故填to create。 7.（2026·湖南省长沙市雅礼中学高三上学期开学）He said it is essential 45 (make) a full list of these lost items and study where they came from and how they were moved. 【答案】to make 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：他说，列出这些丢失物品的完整清单，并研究它们来自哪里以及它们是如何被移动的，这是至关重要的。It is essential to do sth.表示“做某事是至关重要的”，固定句型，其中it是形式主语，真正的主语是动词不定式，所以空处需用动词不定式to make作主语。故填to make。 8.（2026·山西省山西大学附属中学校等校高三上学期8月月考）We’ll have a chance 38 (see) some of them shortly — the Library Cave is only a stone’s throw from here. 【答案】to see 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：我们很快就有机会看到其中的一些，藏经洞离这里只有一箭之遥。空白处在句子中作后置定语且表示一个指向将来的不确定的动作，使用动词不定式，且have a chance to do sth.是固定短语，意为“有机会做某事”，所以此处应用动词不定式。故填to see。 9.（2026·山西省怀仁市第一中学校高三上学期摸底）Her lover, Ahei, made every effort 38 (save) her. 【答案】to save 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：她的爱人阿黑竭尽全力去救她。“make every effort to do sth.”表示“竭尽全力做某事”。故填to save。 10.（2026·陕西省榆林市榆阳区陕西省榆林中学高三上学期开学）It is possible   38 (walk) or bike the entire 14 kilometers. 【答案】to walk 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：骑行或者走完全程的14公里是可能的。固定句型It +be+adj+to do sth.，it为形式主语，不定式短语作真正主语。故填to walk。 11.（2026·四川省巴中市普通高中高三上学期9月零诊）Anyone who cannot bear the smell of the kitchen is unable 40 (put) up with the work of compilation. 【答案】to put 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：受不了厨房气味的人，也受不了编纂工作。be unable to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“不能做某事”，因此本空应用不定式to put。故填to put。 12.（2026·广东省湛江市湛江市八校联考高三上学期8月月考）The course included 14 turns, hills, and uneven surfaces like railroad tracks. Many robots faced difficulties — low batteries caused some to fall, while overheating forced technicians 41 (cool) down the robots with water. 【答案】to cool 【解析】考查固定短语。句意：许多机器人面临着困难——电池电量低导致一些机器人掉落，而过热迫使技术人员用水冷却机器人。固定短语force sb. to do sth.，意为“迫使某人做某事”，故空格处应用“to cool”。故填to cool。 13.（2026·安徽省江淮十校高三上学期8月第一次联考）The academy has also launched virtual reality (VR) tours, which enable visitors 44 (explore) the caves in an immersive and interactive way. 【答案】to explore 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：该学院还推出了虚拟现实(VR)旅游，让游客能够以沉浸式和互动的方式探索洞穴。“enable sb. to do sth.”是固定搭配，意为“使某人能够做某事”，用不定式作宾语补足语。故填to explore。 14.（2026·广东省（石门中学、南海中学、珠海一中等）部分学校高三上学期开学综合能力测试）The most valuable tulips had lines of color like fires. Rich businessmen collected them 40 (show) off. 【答案】to show 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：富有的商人收集它们来炫耀。此处用动词不定式作目的状语，表示收集郁金香的目的是炫耀，故填to show。 15.（2026·内蒙古部分学校高三上学期8月开学教学质量检测） 41 (tackle) these challenges, the publishing industry must shift from merely producing content to becoming creators of a knowledge service ecosystem. 【答案】To tackle 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：要应对这些挑战，出版业必须从单一内容输出转变成为知识服务生态构建者。作目的状语，用动词不定式to tackle，位于句首，首字母大写。故填To tackle。 语法填空 阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。（2026·广东省普宁市第一中学高三上学期第一次月考） The Sad Zither is a famous seven-verse poem 1 (write)by Tang Dynasty poet Li Shangyin (813—858). Due to its rich imagery, the poem is regarded as one of 2 (hard)poems to explain and translate. In 3 beginning of the poem, the poet looks at his zither and recalls the death of his beloved wife. The big number of strings, which might not be the real number, is mentioned 4 (show) his feeling. With so many strings, his zither creates complicated tones, 5 (suggest) the sorrow and depression the poet feels. The reality is so cruel that he wishes everything 6 happened was untrue. In this part, he uses four Chinese ancient myths and legends: Zhuangzi, a philosopher, dreams of being a butterfly and couldn’t distinguish dream 7 reality; the ancient emperor Wang becomes a cuckoo and always cries; mermaid’s tears become pearl and vapor of jade from Lantian County can 8 (see)in the sunlight. The first three stories all create a sad atmosphere. Though the last legend describes a beautiful scene, it’s hard to reach, implicating the hopelessness. Actually, the four 9 (story)he chose indicate Li’s dissatisfaction with his life.   In the end, the poet 10 (direct)expresses his point. He wrote about his regret toward the passing years and the helplessness of being unable to change anything, even if he was given the chance to live those years again. 【答案】 1．written 2．hardest 3．the 4．to show 5．suggesting 6．that 7．from 8．be seen 9．stories 10．directly 【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章分析了唐代诗人李商隐的《锦瑟》这首诗。 1．考查非谓语。句意：《锦瑟》是唐代诗人李商隐(813-858)的著名七言诗。分析可知，空处及之后的内容为后置定语，修饰名词poem，动词write与名词poem为动宾关系，所以此处用过去分词written，故填written。 2．考查形容词最高级。句意：由于其丰富的意象，这首诗被认为是最难解释和翻译的诗歌之一。固定短语“one of the +形容词最高级+复数名词”意为：最……的……之一。所以此处应填hardest。故填hardest。 3．考查冠词。句意：在诗的开头，诗人看着他的古筝，回忆他心爱的妻子的死亡。in the beginning of“在……的开头”，所以此处用定冠词the，故填the。 4．考查非谓语。句意：作者提到琴弦的数量来表明他的感受，这些数量可能并不是实际的数量。分析可知，空处及之后的内容在句中为目的状语，表示提到琴弦的数量的目的是为了表达他的情感，故填to show。 5．考查现在分词。句意：由于琴弦太多，他的古筝产生了复杂的音调，暗示着诗人所感受到的悲伤和压抑。句子的谓语动词是creates，所以此空应填非谓语动词，suggest与主语his zither是主动关系，所以应填现在分词做伴随状语。故填suggesting。 6．考查定语从句。句意：现实如此残酷，他希望所发生的一切都是不真实的。先行词是everything（不定代词），且在从句中做主语，当定语从句的先行词是不定代词且从句缺主语或宾语时，定语从句只能由that引导。故填that。 7．考查固定短语。句意：哲学家庄子梦想成为一只蝴蝶，不能区分梦境和现实。固定短语distinguish A from B 意为：区分A和B。故填from。 8．考查情态动词的被动语态。句意：古代皇帝王成了布谷鸟，总是哭泣；美人鱼的眼泪变成了珍珠，蓝田县的玉雾可以在阳光下被看到。空处在句中为谓语，结合空前“ vapor of jade from Lantian County can ”可知，蓝田县的玉雾应该是被看到，所以此处用被动语态，所以填be seen，故填be seen。 9．考查名词复数。句意：事实上，李所选择的四个故事表明了他对自己生活的不满。结合空前four可知，此处用名词复数stories，故填stories。 10．考查副词。句意：最后，诗人直接表达了他的观点。副词修饰动词，结合空后expresses可知，此处用副词directly，故填directly。 单句语法填空 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 1.【2024全国甲卷】Although parks of all sizes and types exist at any level, the national parks, in particular, tend ____41____（catch）our attention because of their large size and variety. 【答案】to catch 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：尽管村子任何层级的各种规模和类型的公园，但特别是国家公园，由于其规模大、种类多，往往会引起我们的注意。固定搭配：tend to do sth.，表示“倾向于做某事”，不定式作宾语，故填to catch。 2.【2024新课标ⅠⅠ卷】Those cultural elements have increased Stratford’s international visibility, said Edmondson, adding that visitors walking through the Birthplace Garden were often amazed ___43___ (find)the connection between the two great writers. 【答案】to find 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：Edmondson说，这些文化元素提高了斯特拉特福德的国际知名度，并补充说，游客们穿过故居花园时，常常惊讶于这两位伟大作家之间的联系。非谓语动词担当形容词“amazed”后的原因状语，用动词不定式形式。故填to find。 3.【2024北京卷】 Slowing down can contribute significantly to personal growth. Taking the time ___11___ (rest) allows us to develop a deeper sense of self-awareness. 【答案】to rest 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：花时间休息可以让我们发展出更深层次的自我意识。take (the) time to do sth.为固定搭配，表示“花时间做某事”，所以空处应用动词不定式形式。故填to rest。 5.【2024浙江1月卷】The shelves in most supermarkets are full of family-size this and multi-buy that. However, if you’re shopping for one, buying extra ____36____ (benefit) from price reductions doesn’t make sense. 【答案】to benefit 【解析】考查动词不定式。句意：然而，如果你是想买一件，那么多买一件来享受降价是没有意义的。根据“buying extra”和“from price reductions”可知，此处是指多买一件来享受降价，所以应用to do不定式作目的状语。故填to benefit。 6.【2023年新高考全国Ⅰ卷】To eat one, you have to decide whether ____37____ (bite) a small hole in it first, releasing the stream and risking a spill (溢出), or to put the whole dumpling in your mouth, letting the hot soup explode on your tongue. 【答案】to bite 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：吃小笼包的时候，你必须要决定是先咬一个小口流出汤汁，还是把整个小笼包放进嘴里，让热汤在舌头上爆炸。decide to do sth.“决定做某事”，用不定式作宾语，空处与后面to put并列作宾语，故填to bite。 7.【2023年新高考全国Ⅰ卷】Nanxiang aside, the best Xiao long bao have a fine skin, allowing them ____41____ (lift) out of the steamer basket without allowing them tearing or spilling any of their contents. 【答案】to be lifted 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：除了南翔，最好的小笼包有一个精致的，可以让它们从蒸笼篮中拿出来，而不会撕裂或溢出里面的东西。根据搭配allow sb. to do sth.“允许某人做某事”可知，空格需用动词不定式作宾语补足语，补足语lift out与宾语them（指代小笼包）是逻辑上的动宾关系，空格需填动词不定式的被动式to be lifted。故填to be lifted。 8.【2023年全国甲卷】For thousands of years, people have told fables (寓言) ___41___ (teach) a lesson or to pass on wisdom 【答案】to teach 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：几千年来，人们通过讲寓言来传授知识或传授智慧。根据句意可知，此处表达“来传授知识和智慧”，所以用不定式作目的状语。故填to teach。 09.【2022新高考I卷】The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that were previously unprotected, bringing many of the existing protected areas for giant pandas under one authority ___________ (increase)effectiveness and reduce inconsistencies in management. 【答案】to increase 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：该计划将把保护范围扩大到大量以前未受保护的地区，将许多现有的大熊猫保护区纳入一个管理机构，以提高效率，减少管理上的不一致性。设空处在句中作非谓语，做目的状语，应用动词的不定式的形式。故填to increase。 10.【2022全国甲卷】A visually-challenged man from Beijing recently hiked (徒步) 40 days to Xi’an, as a first step ___________ (journey) the Belt and Road route (路线) by foot. 【答案】to journey 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：近日，一名来自北京的盲人徒步40天来到西安，作为“一带一路”徒步旅行的第一步。分析句子结合句意可知，journey为动词，表示“旅行”，step前面有序数词，应用不定式，作后置定语。故填to journey。 11.【2022全国乙卷】__________ (strengthen)the connection with young people, the event included a number of public promotional activities on social media, inviting twenty-nine tea professionals from around the world to have thirty-six hours of uninterrupted live broadcasts. 【答案】to strengthen 【解析】考查非谓语动词。第一空：句意：为了加强与年轻人的联系，活动包括在社交媒体上的一系列公共宣传活动，邀请了来自世界各地的29名茶叶专业人士进行36小时不间断的直播。根据句意可知，此处表达“为了加强与年轻人的联系”，需要用不定式作目的状语。故填To strengthen。 12.【2022年浙江卷1月】That approach brought Cobb's air travel last year down by 75%, and she plans ____________（continue） the practice. "It has been fairly rewarding. ", she says, "a really positive change." 【答案】to continue 【解析】考查动词不定式。句意：他打算继续这个实践。动词plan后面跟动词不定式，plan to do sth“计划做”，故填to continue。 13.【2022年新高考2卷】Eric woke up a little later when he heard children playing outside. He pushed a chair onto the balcony, and climbed up ___39___ (see) them. 【答案】to see 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：过了一会儿，艾瑞克听到孩子们在外面玩耍的声音，醒了过来。他把一把椅子推到阳台上，爬上去看他们。句中的climb up为谓语动词，设空处应该使用谓语动词。根据句意，他要爬到阳台去看他们（外面玩闹的孩子们。），故应该使用to do不定式作目的状语。故填to see。 14.【2022年北京卷】As Helen walked on, she heard a man charging towards her. Fearful that he might have an intention ____12____ (harm) her, Helen started to run. 【答案】to harm 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：海伦担心他可能有意伤害她，便开始快跑。分析句子结构，可知空处应填非谓语动词的形式，have an intention to do sth.意为“有意向做某事”，固定搭配，不定式作后置定语。故填to harm。 15.【2021全国甲卷】 It is possible      3      (walk) or bike the entire 14 kilometers. 【答案】 to walk 【解析】考查非谓语动词。本句是典型的It is adj. + to do的形式，故填 to walk 。 16.【2021全国乙卷】Activities there range from whale watching to hiking （远足） and accommodations aim      10      (have) a low impact on the natural environment. 【答案】to have 【解析】考查非谓语动词。分析题目，句子中已经有一个谓语动词，判断此处填非谓语动词。aim to do sth，意为 "目的在于做某事" ，因此应填不定式形式。句意：……并且食宿是为了对自然环境有小的影响。故填to have。 17.【2021.6 浙江卷】Mary's sister, Frances Todd Wallace, often came over      8      (plant) flowers in the front yard. 【答案】 to plant 【解析】考查动词不定式作目的状语。句意：玛丽的妹妹经常来拜访，在前院里种些花。 2 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 29 / 32 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$