Unit 3 Sound Body, Sound Mind.同步词汇笔记 2025-2026学年仁爱科普版英语八年级上册

仁爱科普版八上Unit 3 Sound Body, Sound Mind.同步词汇笔记 序号 单词 派生词 核心考点 例句 1 cough /k f/ ; /k f/ n. 咳嗽 N/A 1. have a cough(咳嗽);2. a bad cough(严重的咳嗽) She has a bad cough and can’t sleep well.(她咳嗽得很严重,睡不好觉。) 2 fever / fi v (r)/ n. 发烧 N/A 1. have a fever(发烧);2. a high fever(高烧);3. take medicine for fever(吃退烧药) He had a high fever yesterday, so he stayed at home.(他昨天发高烧了,所以待在家里。) 3 sore /s (r)/ adj. (发炎)疼痛的;酸痛的 N/A 1. sore throat(喉咙痛);2. sore back(背痛);3. sore legs(腿疼) I have a sore throat, so I can’t speak loudly.(我喉咙痛,没法大声说话。) 4 throat / r t/ n. 咽喉;喉咙 N/A 1. sore throat(喉咙痛);2. clear one’s throat(清嗓子);3. have a pain in the throat(喉咙痛) Drinking warm water is good for your throat.(喝温水对你的喉咙有好处。) 5 headache / hede k/ n. 头痛 N/A 1. have a headache(头痛);2. a terrible headache(剧烈头痛);3. take medicine for headache(吃头痛药) She has a terrible headache and needs to rest.(她头痛得厉害,需要休息。) 6 toothache / tu e k/ n. 牙痛 N/A 1. have a toothache(牙痛);2. go to the dentist for toothache(因牙痛去看牙医) He had a toothache last night, so he went to see the dentist today.(他昨晚牙痛,今天去看牙医了。) 7 stomachache / st m kek/ n. 胃痛 N/A 1. have a stomachache(胃痛);2. get a stomachache from eating cold food(吃冷食导致胃痛) I got a stomachache after eating ice cream.(我吃了冰激凌后胃痛了。) 8 temperature / tempr t (r)/ ; / tempr t r/ n. 体温;温度;气温 N/A 1. take one’s temperature(量体温);2. body temperature(体温);3. room temperature(室温) The nurse took my temperature and said it was normal.(护士给我量了体温,说很正常。) 9 medicine / medsn/ ; / med sn/ n. 药,药物;医学 medical(adj. 医学的;医疗的) 1. take medicine(吃药,不可数);2. take some medicine(吃些药);3. traditional Chinese medicine(中药) You should take this medicine three times a day.(你应该一天吃三次这种药。) 10 junk food n. 垃圾食品 N/A 1. eat too much junk food(吃太多垃圾食品);2. stay away from junk food(远离垃圾食品) Eating too much junk food is bad for your health.(吃太多垃圾食品对你的健康不好。) 11 slim /sl m/ adj. 苗条的 slimmer(adj. 更苗条的,比较级);slimmest(adj. 最苗条的,最高级) 1. keep slim(保持苗条);2. a slim girl(苗条的女孩) She keeps slim by running every morning.(她通过每天早上跑步保持苗条。) 12 diet / da t/ n. 日常饮食 dietary(adj. 饮食的,初中较少) 1. go on a diet(节食,控制饮食);2. a healthy diet(健康饮食);3. balanced diet(均衡饮食) My mom goes on a diet to lose a little weight.(我妈妈节食是为了稍微减点肥。) 13 screen /skri n/ n. 屏幕;荧屏 N/A 1. computer screen(电脑屏幕);2. phone screen(手机屏幕);3. look at the screen for too long(看屏幕太久) Don’t look at the phone screen for more than an hour.(不要看手机屏幕超过一个小时。) 14 sugar / (r)/ n. 糖;食糖 sugary(adj. 含糖的;甜的) 1. too much sugar(太多糖);2. add sugar to sth(给某物加糖);3. sugary drinks(含糖饮料) There’s too much sugar in this juice.(这杯果汁里糖太多了。) 15 ache /e k/ n. (身体某部位的)疼痛 N/A 1. back ache(背痛);2. muscle ache(肌肉痛);3. have an ache in(……部位痛) I have an ache in my legs after playing basketball.(打完篮球后我腿疼。) 16 examine / z m n/ v. 检查,检验;审查 examination(n. 检查;考试) 1. examine sb.(给某人做检查);2. examine the problem(审查问题);3. be examined by a doctor(由医生检查) The doctor examined my eyes and said they were fine.(医生检查了我的眼睛,说没问题。) 17 hamburger / h mb (r)/ ; / h mb r r/ n. 汉堡包 N/A 1. a hamburger(一个汉堡包);2. eat a hamburger for lunch(午餐吃汉堡包) He ate a hamburger and a cup of Coke for dinner.(他晚餐吃了一个汉堡包和一杯可乐。) 18 chip /t p/ n. 炸薯条 N/A(常用复数 chips) 1. fish and chips(炸鱼薯条);2. a plate of chips(一盘炸薯条) We had fish and chips at the restaurant yesterday.(昨天我们在餐厅吃了炸鱼薯条。) 19 fried /fra d/ adj. 油炸的 fry(v. 油炸;煎炸) 1. fried chicken(炸鸡);2. fried potatoes(炸土豆);3. fried food(油炸食品) My dad doesn’t let me eat too much fried food.(爸爸不让我吃太多油炸食品。) 20 pork /p k/ ; /p rk/ n. 猪肉 N/A 1. a piece of pork(一块猪肉);2. cook pork(煮猪肉);3. braised pork(红烧肉) My mom cooked pork with carrots for lunch.(妈妈午餐做了胡萝卜炖猪肉。) 21 pepper / pep (r)/ n. 胡椒粉 N/A 1. add some pepper(加些胡椒粉);2. black pepper(黑胡椒粉);3. pepper and salt(胡椒和盐) Please add some pepper to the soup—it tastes plain.(给汤加些胡椒粉吧,味道太淡了。) 22 iced /a st/ adj. 冰镇的;加冰块的 ice(n. 冰 v. 冰镇) 1. iced water(冰水);2. iced tea(冰茶);3. iced coffee(冰咖啡) I want a glass of iced water—it’s too hot today.(我想要一杯冰水,今天太热了。) 23 Coke /k k/ n. 可乐 N/A 1. a can of Coke(一罐可乐);2. a bottle of Coke(一瓶可乐) He drank a can of Coke after playing football.(踢完足球后,他喝了一罐可乐。) 24 pill /p l/ n. 药丸;药片 N/A(常用复数 pills) 1. take pills(吃药丸);2. take two pills a day(一天吃两片药);3. painkilling pills(止痛药片) The doctor told her to take three pills before bed.(医生让她睡前吃三片药。) 25 outgoing / a t / adj. 外向的;友好的;爱交际的 N/A 1. an outgoing person(外向的人);2. be outgoing and friendly(外向且友好) She is an outgoing girl who makes friends easily.(她是个外向的女孩,很容易交到朋友。) 26 shy / a / adj. 羞怯的;腼腆的 shyly(adv. 羞怯地);shyness(n. 羞怯) 1. be shy of doing sth(羞怯做某事);2. a shy boy(腼腆的男孩);3. overcome shyness(克服羞怯) He is shy of speaking in front of the class.(他在全班同学面前说话会害羞。) 27 snack /sn k/ n. 点心;小吃;快餐 N/A 1. have a snack(吃点心);2. afternoon snack(下午茶点心);3. healthy snacks(健康小吃) I usually have a snack like an apple at 3 p.m.(我通常下午3点吃个苹果之类的点心。) 28 chocolate / t kl t/ ; / t kl t/ n. 巧克力 N/A 1. a bar of chocolate(一块巧克力);2. dark chocolate(黑巧克力);3. chocolate cake(巧克力蛋糕) My grandma gave me a bar of chocolate for my birthday.(奶奶给了我一块巧克力作为生日礼物。) 29 cookie / k ki/ n. 曲奇饼 N/A(常用复数 cookies) 1. some cookies(一些曲奇饼);2. make cookies(做曲奇饼);3. chocolate chip cookies(巧克力豆曲奇) My mom made some cookies yesterday—they’re delicious.(妈妈昨天做了些曲奇饼,很好吃。) 30 ice cream / a s kri m/ ; /a s kri m/ n. 冰激凌 N/A 1. a scoop of ice cream(一勺冰激凌);2. vanilla ice cream(香草味冰激凌);3. eat ice cream(吃冰激凌) She bought a scoop of strawberry ice cream.(她买了一勺草莓味冰激凌。) 31 cream /kri m/ n. 奶油 creamy(adj. 含奶油的;奶油状的) 1. whipped cream(鲜奶油);2. add cream to coffee(给咖啡加奶油);3. cream cake(奶油蛋糕) My dad likes to add cream to his coffee.(爸爸喜欢给咖啡加奶油。) 32 jogging / d / ; / d / n. 慢跑锻炼 jog(v. 慢跑) 1. go jogging(去慢跑);2. jogging in the park(在公园慢跑);3. do jogging every morning(每天早上慢跑) He goes jogging in the park for 30 minutes every morning.(他每天早上在公园慢跑30分钟。) 33 lazy / le zi/ adj. 懒惰的;懒散的 lazily(adv. 懒惰地);laziness(n. 懒惰) 1. be lazy(懒惰);2. a lazy cat(懒猫);3. don’t be lazy(别偷懒) Don’t be lazy—help your mom clean the room.(别偷懒,帮妈妈打扫房间。) 34 condition /k n d n/ n. 健康状况;状态;状况 conditional(adj. 有条件的,初中较少) 1. in good condition(健康状况好;状态好);2. in bad condition(健康状况差;状态差);3. health condition(健康状况) My grandpa is 80, but he’s still in good condition.(爷爷80岁了,但身体状况还很好。) 35 uncomfortable / n k mft bl/ adj. 使人不舒服的;令人不舒适的 comfortable(adj. 舒适的,反义词);comfort(n. 舒适 v. 安慰) 1. feel uncomfortable(感到不舒服);2. an uncomfortable chair(不舒服的椅子);3. be uncomfortable in tight clothes(穿紧身衣服不舒服) I feel uncomfortable sitting on this hard chair.(坐在这把硬椅子上我觉得不舒服。) 36 diary / da ri/ n. 日记;日记簿 N/A(常用复数 diaries) 1. keep a diary(写日记);2. write in a diary(记日记);3. a travel diary(旅行日记) She keeps a diary every night to record her day.(她每晚写日记记录一天的生活。) 37 positive / p z t v/ ; / p z t v/ adj. 积极乐观的;积极的;正面的 positivity(n. 积极性,初中较少) 1. positive attitude(积极的态度);2. be positive about(对……乐观);3. positive news(正面新闻) He has a positive attitude to life, even when things are hard.(即使遇到困难,他对生活也有积极的态度。) 38 benefit / ben f t/ n. 益处;优势 beneficial(adj. 有益的) 1. the benefit of(……的益处);2. get benefits from(从……中获益);3. health benefits(健康益处) The benefit of exercise is that it makes you strong.(锻炼的益处是能让你变强壮。) 39 mood /mu d/ n. 心情;情绪 moody(adj. 情绪多变的) 1. in a good mood(心情好);2. in a bad mood(心情差);3. change one’s mood(改变心情) She is in a good mood today because she got a good grade.(她今天心情好,因为考了好成绩。) 40 volleyball / v lib l/ ; / v lib l/ n. 排球运动 N/A 1. play volleyball(打排球);2. a volleyball match(排球比赛);3. join the volleyball club(加入排球俱乐部) We play volleyball on the playground after school.(放学后我们在操场打排球。) 41 energy / en d i/ ; / en rd i/ n. 精力;能源;能量 energetic(adj. 精力充沛的) 1. have lots of energy(精力充沛);2. save energy(节约能源);3. use energy(消耗精力) Children have lots of energy—they can play all afternoon.(孩子们精力充沛,能玩一下午。) 42 glad / l d/ adj. 高兴;愉快 gladly(adv. 高兴地) 1. be glad to do sth(高兴做某事);2. be glad about(为……高兴);3. I’m glad you’re here.(你来了我很高兴。) I’m glad to help you with your English homework.(我很高兴帮你辅导英语作业。) 43 confident / k nf d nt/ ; / k nf d nt/ adj. 自信的;有把握的 confidence(n. 自信) 1. be confident in(对……自信);2. be confident of doing sth(有把握做某事);3. a confident student(自信的学生) She is confident in her ability to pass the exam.(她对自己通过考试的能力很有信心。) 44 absent / bs nt/ adj. 缺席;不在 absence(n. 缺席) 1. be absent from(缺席……);2. be absent from school(缺课);3. explain one’s absence(解释缺席原因) He was absent from school yesterday because he was ill.(他昨天因病缺课了。) 45 moment / m m nt/ n. 片刻;瞬间 N/A 1. at the moment(此刻;现在);2. a moment ago(刚才);3. wait a moment(等一下) I’m busy at the moment—can I call you back later?(我此刻很忙,稍后给你回电话好吗?) 46 oneself /w n self/ pron. 自己;亲自 N/A 1. by oneself(独自;亲自);2. enjoy oneself(玩得开心);3. help oneself to sth(随便吃/用某物) She finished the project by herself.(她独自完成了这个项目。) 47 seem /si m/ v. 好像,似乎 N/A 1. seem + adj.(好像……);2. seem to do sth(好像做某事);3. It seems that...(似乎……) He seems happy today—he’s smiling all the time.(他今天好像很开心,一直笑着。) 48 unhealthy / n hel i/ adj. 不健康的 healthy(adj. 健康的,反义词);health(n. 健康) 1. unhealthy food(不健康的食物);2. unhealthy habits(不健康的习惯);3. lead an unhealthy life(过不健康的生活) Staying up late is an unhealthy habit.(熬夜是个不健康的习惯。) 49 empty / empti/ adj. 空的;无意义的 empty(v. 清空,初中较少);emptiness(n. 空荡,初中较少) 1. be empty(是空的);2. an empty bottle(空瓶子);3. empty hands(空手) The fridge is empty—we need to buy some food.(冰箱空了,我们得买些食物。) 50 stomach / st m k/ n. 胃 N/A 1. stomach ache(胃痛);2. have a full stomach(吃饱了);3. upset one’s stomach(使胃不舒服) Eating too fast upsets my stomach.(吃得太快会让我的胃不舒服。) 51 living / l v / n. 生活方式 adj. 生活的;活着的 live(v. 生活;居住 adj. 活的);life(n. 生活;生命) 1. (n.)healthy living(健康的生活方式);2. (adj.)living conditions(生活条件);3. (adj.)living things(生物) (n.)Healthy living includes exercise and a good diet.(健康的生活方式包括锻炼和良好的饮食。)(adj.)We need to improve our living conditions.(我们需要改善生活条件。) 52 nonsense / n nsns/ ; / n nsens/ n. 胡扯;谬论;胡言乱语 N/A 1. talk nonsense(说胡话;胡说八道);2. That’s nonsense!(那是胡说!) Don’t talk nonsense—tell me the truth.(别胡说八道,告诉我真相。) 53 improper / m pr p (r)/ ; / m pr p r/ adj. 不正确的;不适当的;不诚实的 proper(adj. 正确的;适当的,反义词) 1. improper behavior(不适当的行为);2. improper clothes for school(不适合上学的衣服) Wearing slippers to class is improper.(穿拖鞋去上课是不合适的。) 54 clearly / kl li/ ; / kl rli/ adv. 明显地;清楚地,清晰地 clear(adj. 清楚的;清晰的);clarity(n. 清晰度,初中较少) 1. speak clearly(说得清楚);2. see clearly(看得清楚);3. explain clearly(解释清楚) Please speak more clearly—I can’t hear you well.(请说得再清楚些,我听不太清。) 55 sleepy / sli pi/ adj. 困倦的;瞌睡的 sleep(v. 睡觉 n. 睡眠);asleep(adj. 睡着的) 1. feel sleepy(感到困倦);2. be sleepy in class(上课犯困);3. go to bed when sleepy(困了就去睡觉) I feel sleepy in math class because I stayed up late.(我昨晚熬夜了,数学课上很犯困。) 56 worse /w s/ ; /w rs/ adj. 更差的;更糟的;更坏的 bad(adj. 差的,原级);worst(adj. 最差的,最高级) 1. worse than(比……差/糟);2. get worse(变得更糟);3. even worse(更糟的是) His illness got worse yesterday, so he went to hospital.(他的病情昨天变严重了,所以去了医院。) 57 rid /r d/ v. 摆脱 N/A 1. get rid of(摆脱;除去);2. rid oneself of bad habits(改掉坏习惯) We need to get rid of the old furniture in the room.(我们得把房间里的旧家具扔掉。) 58 fridge /fr d / (refrigerator /r fr d re t (r)/) n. 冰箱 N/A 1. in the fridge(在冰箱里);2. put sth in the fridge(把某物放进冰箱);3. take sth out of the fridge(把某物从冰箱拿出来) Put the milk in the fridge, or it will go bad.(把牛奶放进冰箱,不然会变质。) 59 weight /we t/ n. 重量 weigh(v. 称重;有……重);weighty(adj. 重的,初中较少) 1. lose weight(减肥);2. put on weight(增重);3. check one’s weight(称体重) She wants to lose weight by eating less and exercising more.(她想通过少吃多运动来减肥。) 60 potato /p te t / n. 马铃薯;土豆 N/A(复数 potatoes) 1. a bag of potatoes(一袋土豆);2. mashed potatoes(土豆泥);3. fried potatoes(炸土豆) My mom bought a bag of potatoes to make potato soup.(妈妈买了一袋土豆做土豆汤。) 61 corn /k n/ ; /k rn/ n. 玉米;(小麦等)谷物 N/A 1. eat corn(吃玉米);2. sweet corn(甜玉米);3. corn soup(玉米汤) I like eating sweet corn—it’s sweet and juicy.(我喜欢吃甜玉米,又甜又多汁。) 62 candy / k ndi/ n. 糖果;巧克力;一块糖(或巧克力) N/A(复数 candies) 1. a box of candies(一盒糖果);2. eat too many candies(吃太多糖果);3. give sb. a candy(给某人一块糖) My teacher gave me a candy because I answered the question right.(我答对了问题,老师给了我一块糖。) 63 biscuit / b sk t/ n. 饼干 N/A(常用复数 biscuits) 1. some biscuits(一些饼干);2. soda biscuits(苏打饼干);3. have biscuits with milk(吃饼干配牛奶) I had some biscuits and a glass of milk for breakfast.(我早餐吃了些饼干,喝了杯牛奶。) 64 beef /bi f/ n. 牛肉 N/A 1. a piece of beef(一块牛肉);2. beef noodles(牛肉面);3. cook beef with onions(洋葱炒牛肉) We ate beef noodles at the restaurant near our school.(我们在学校附近的餐厅吃了牛肉面。) 65 cucumber / kju k mb (r)/ n. 黄瓜 N/A 1. fresh cucumber(新鲜黄瓜);2. cucumber salad(黄瓜沙拉);3. slice a cucumber(切黄瓜) My mom made cucumber salad for dinner—it’s very refreshing.(妈妈晚餐做了黄瓜沙拉,很清爽。) 66 lifestyle / la fsta l/ n. 生活方式;工作方式 N/A 1. healthy lifestyle(健康的生活方式);2. change one’s lifestyle(改变生活方式);3. active lifestyle(积极的生活方式) He changed his lifestyle by going to bed early and exercising.(他通过早睡和锻炼改变了生活方式。) 67 prefer /pr f (r)/ v. 较喜欢;喜欢……多于…… preference(n. 偏爱,初中较少) 1. prefer A to B(比起B更喜欢A);2. prefer to do sth(更喜欢做某事);3. prefer doing sth(更喜欢做某事) I prefer tea to coffee—it’s healthier.(比起咖啡我更喜欢茶,茶更健康。) 68 bean /bi n/ n. 豆;豆荚 N/A 1. green beans(青豆;四季豆);2. bean soup(豆汤);3. soya beans(大豆) We had green beans and rice for lunch today.(我们今天午餐吃了四季豆和米饭。) 69 though / / conj. 虽然;尽管;即使 N/A 1. though 引导让步状语从句(不与 but 连用);2. though 放句末(不过;可是) Though it rained heavily, we still went to school.(虽然雨下得很大,我们还是去上学了。) 70 method / me d/ n. 方法;办法;措施 N/A 1. a method of(……的方法);2. good method(好方法);3. learning method(学习方法) This is a good method of remembering English words.(这是记英语单词的好方法。) 71 focus / f k s/ v. 集中(注意力、精力等于) n. 中心点;关注 focused(adj. 专注的) 1. (v.)focus on(集中注意力于……);2. (n.)the focus of attention(关注的焦点);3. focus one’s mind on(专心于……) (v.)Focus on your homework—don’t look at your phone.(专心做作业,别玩手机。)(n.)The focus of the meeting is students’ health.(会议的重点是学生健康。) 72 smell /smel/ n. 气味;嗅觉 smell(v. 闻起来;闻到) 1. good smell(好闻的气味);2. bad smell(难闻的气味);3. the smell of flowers(花香) The cake in the oven has a good smell.(烤箱里的蛋糕闻起来很香。) 73 mostly / m stli/ adv. 通常;主要地;一般地 most(adj. 大多数的 adv. 最) 1. mostly in the morning(通常在早上);2. be mostly made of(主要由……制成);3. mostly sunny(大部分时间晴朗) It’s mostly sunny in our city in spring.(我们城市春天大部分时间是晴天。) 74 sauce /s s/ n. 调味汁;酱 saucy(adj. 多酱的,初中较少) 1. tomato sauce(番茄酱);2. soy sauce(酱油);3. add sauce to(给……加酱) Please pass me the tomato sauce—I want to put it on my pasta.(请把番茄酱递给我,我要拌意大利面。) 75 serve /s v/ ; /s rv/ v. 端上;接待;服务 service(n. 服务);server(n. 服务员,初中较少) 1. serve sth. to sb.(给某人端上某物);2. serve food(端上食物);3. serve customers(服务顾客) The waiter served hot soup to us as soon as we sat down.(我们一坐下,服务员就给我们端上了热汤。) 76 hobby / h bi/ ; / h bi/ n. 业余爱好 N/A(复数 hobbies) 1. one’s hobby(某人的爱好);2. have a hobby(有爱好);3. collect stamps as a hobby(把集邮当作爱好) My hobby is reading— I read books every weekend.(我的爱好是阅读,我每周都看书。) 77 hurry / h ri/ ; / h ri/ n. 匆忙;急忙 v. 匆忙,急忙(做某事) hurried(adj. 匆忙的);hurriedly(adv. 匆忙地) 1. (n.)in a hurry(匆忙地);2. (v.)hurry up(快点);3. (v.)hurry to sp(匆忙去某地) (n.)He left in a hurry and forgot his umbrella.(他匆忙离开,忘了带伞。)(v.)Hurry up! We’ll be late for the bus.(快点!我们要赶不上公交车了。) 78 mad /m d/ adj. 很生气;气愤 madly(adv. 疯狂地);madness(n. 疯狂,初中较少) 1. be mad at sb.(对某人生气);2. be mad about(为……生气;痴迷于……);3. drive sb. mad(使某人心烦) She was mad at him for breaking his promise.(他违背了承诺,她很生气。) 79 fit /f t/ adj. 健壮的;健康的 fit(v. 适合;合身);fitness(n. 健康,初中较少) 1. keep fit(保持健壮;保持健康);2. be fit for(适合……);3. a fit person(健康的人) He keeps fit by playing basketball every week.(他每周打篮球保持健康。) 80 physical / f z kl/ adj. 身体的 physics(n. 物理);physically(adv. 身体上) 1. physical exercise(体育锻炼);2. physical health(身体健康);3. physical education(体育课,PE) We have physical education class twice a week.(我们每周有两节体育课。) 81 balanced / b l nst/ adj. 保持(或显示)平衡的 balance(n. 平衡 v. 平衡) 1. balanced diet(均衡饮食);2. balanced life(平衡的生活);3. keep a balanced diet(保持均衡饮食) It’s important to keep a balanced diet to stay healthy.(保持均衡饮食对健康很重要。) 82 runner / r n (r)/ n. 奔跑的人(或动物) run(v. 跑);running(n. 跑步) 1. a long-distance runner(长跑运动员);2. a fast runner(跑得快的人);3. be a good runner(是个好跑者) He is a good runner—he won first place in the school race.(他是个好跑者,在学校赛跑中得了第一名。) 83 spread /spred/ v., n. 蔓延;扩散 N/A(过去式/过去分词 spread) 1. (v.)spread quickly(快速蔓延);2. (v.)spread news(传播消息);3. (n.)the spread of(……的蔓延) (v.)The news of his success spread quickly in the school.(他成功的消息在学校里快速传播。)(n.)We need to stop the spread of bad habits.(我们要阻止坏习惯的蔓延。) 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $$