Unit 4 Natural disasters Discovering useful Structures Language Points 课件-2025-2026学年高中英语人教版必修第一册

Book1Unit4Natural DisastersSectionⅡDiscovering Useful Structures Language Points 1 1帮 夯基础·词汇全解 Point1supply 教材语境P52The supplies which were provided to the disaster area were collected from around the country. 提供给灾区的补给品来自全国各地。 单击此处编辑母版标题样式 2 sup·ply🔑 BrE /səˈplaɪ/ NAmE /səˈplaɪ/ noun,verb noun 1🔑 [C] an amount of sth that is provided or available to be used 供应量；供给量；储备 water supply/electricity supply 供水/电力供应 The water supply is unsafe. 供水不安全。 3 a supply of/supplies of... ……的供应 Supplies of food are almost exhausted. 贮存的食物快吃完了。 We cannot guarantee adequate supplies of raw materials. 我们不能保证提供充足的原料。 4 in short supply供应短缺 Books were in short supply (= there were not enough of them). 书籍供应短缺。 5 supply and demand供求关系 Demand exceeds supply.供不应求。 Supply exceeds demand.供过于求。 6 2🔑 supplies [pl.] the things such as food, medicines, fuel, etc. that are needed by a group of people, for example an army or expedition （军队或探险队等的）补给，补给品 Our supplies were running out. 我们的补给快用完了。 a transport plane carrying food and medical supplies for refugees 一架为难民运送食物和医疗用品的运输机 7 3🔑 [U] the act of supplying sth 供应；供给；提供；补给 The UN has agreed to allow the supply of emergency aid. 联合国已同意允许提供紧急援助。 A stroke can disrupt the supply of oxygen to the brain. 中风可导致大脑供氧中断。 The electricity supply (= the system supplying electricity) had been cut off. 电力供应被切断了。 8 sup·ply🔑 BrE /səˈplaɪ/ NAmE /səˈplaɪ/ verb to provide sb/sth with sth that they need or want, especially（尤指大量）供应，供给，提供 9 supply sth to sb/sth supply sb/sth with sth ~ sth to sb/sth Foreign governments supplied arms to the rebels. 一些外国政府向反叛者提供武器。 ~ sb/sth with sth Foreign governments supplied the rebels with arms. 一些外国政府向反叛者提供武器。 向……提供某物 10 ~ sb/sth Local schools supply many of the volunteers. 许多志愿者来自当地学校。 foods supplying our daily vitamin needs 为我们提供日常所需维生素的食物 11 pro·vide🔑 BrE /prəˈvaɪd/ NAmE /prəˈvaɪd/ verb 1🔑 to give sth to sb or make it available for them to use 提供；供应；给予 SYN supply ~ sth The hospital has a commitment to provide the best possible medical care. 这家医院承诺要提供最好的医疗服务。 12 The report was not expected to provide any answers. 人们没有指望这个报告会提供什么答案。 Please answer questions in the space provided. 请在留出的空白处答题。 13 provide sth for sb提供某物给某人 ~ sth for sb We are here to provide a service for the public. 我们来这里是为公众服务。 14 provide sb with sth为某人提供某物 ~ sb with sth We are here to provide the public with a service. 我们来这里是为公众服务。 15 ~ sth to sb The charity aims to provide assistance to people in need. 这家慈善机构的宗旨是向贫困者提供帮助。 16 2~ that… (formal) (of a law or rule 法律或规则) to state that sth will or must happen 规定 SYN stipulate The final section provides that any work produced for the company is thereafter owned by the company. 最后一节规定，此后为公司创作的一切作品均为该公司所有。  ➡  see also provision 17 provide for sb to give sb the things that they need to live, such as food, money and clothing 提供生活所需 PHR V 18 provide for sth (formal) 1to make preparations to deal with sth that might happen in the future 为……做好准备 2(of a law, rule, etc. 法律、规定等) to make it possible for sth to be done 作出规定；使有据可依；使可以做 The legislation provides for the detention of suspected terrorists for up to seven days. 法律规定，对嫌疑恐怖分子最多可拘留七天 19 pro·vided🔑 BrE /prəˈvaɪdɪd/ NAmE /prəˈvaɪdɪd/ (also pro·vid·ing) conjunction ~ (that)… used to say what must happen or be done to make it possible for sth else to happen 如果；假如；在……条件下 SYN if We’ll buy everything you produce, provided of course the price is right. 我们将采购你们的全部产品，当然价格得合适。 20 Provided that you have the money in your account, you can withdraw up to £100 a day. 只要账户存款足够，每天可提取不超过 100 英镑。 21 pro·vid·ing🔑 BrE /prəˈvaɪdɪŋ/ NAmE /prəˈvaɪdɪŋ/ conjunction = provided 22 offer🔑 BrE /ˈɒfə(r)/ NAmE /ˈɔːfər/ , /ˈɑːfər/ verb, noun verb 1🔑 [T, I] to say that you are willing to do sth for sb or give sth to sb 主动提出；自愿给予 ~ (sth) Josie had offered her services as a guide. 乔西曾表示愿意当向导。 23 He offered some useful advice. 他提出了一些有益的建议。 I don’t think they need help, but I think I should offer anyway. 我想他们不需要帮助，但我认为我还是应该主动提出来。 24 ~ sth (to sb) (for sth) He offered $4 000 for the car. 他出价 4 000 美元买这辆汽车。 They decided to offer the job to Jo. 他们决定把这份工作给乔。 25 offer sb sth=offer sth to sb给某人提供某物 ~ sb sth They decided to offer Jo the job. 他们决定让乔做这件工作。 I gratefully took the cup of coffee she offered me. 我感激地接过她递来的一杯咖啡。 Taylor offered him 500 dollars to do the work. 泰勒愿出 500 美元雇他做这件工作。 26 【高考链接】 (2017·天津卷)We offer an excellent education to our students. In return, we expect students to work hard. 我们向我们的学生提供优质的教育， 作为回报，我们希望学生能够努力学习。 27 offer to do sth主动提出做某事 ~ to do sth The kids offered to do the dishes. 孩子们主动要求洗盘子。 28 + speech ‘I’ll do it,’ she offered. “这个我来做吧。” 她提议道。 29 2🔑 [T] ~ sth to make sth available or to provide the opportunity for sth 提供（东西或机会）；供应 The hotel offers excellent facilities for families. 本旅馆提供适合家庭的优良设施。 The job didn’t offer any prospects for promotion. 这份工作没有任何升迁的希望。 He did not offer any explanation for his behaviour. 他没有对自己的行为作出任何解释。 30 3[T] ~ sth/sb (up) (to sb) (formal) to give sth to God 奉献，祭献（给上帝） We offered up our prayers for the men’s safe return. 我们祈求上苍保佑他们平安归来。 31 offer🔑 BrE /ˈɒfə(r)/ NAmE /ˈɔːfər/ , /ˈɑːfər/ noun 1🔑 an act of saying that you are willing to do sth for sb or give sth to sb 主动提议；建议 ~ (of sth) Thank you for your kind offer of help. 谢谢你的好心帮助。 to accept/refuse/decline an offer 接受／拒绝／谢绝好意 32 【高考链接】 (2017·全国卷Ⅲ)Sarah says, “My dad thinks I should take the offer now. But at the moment, school comes first.” 萨拉说：我的爸爸认为我现在该接受这份工作， 但是目前学业是最重要的。 33 I took him up on his offer of a loan. 他主动借钱给我，我接受了。 You can’t just turn down offers of work like that. 人家给你工作，你不能就那样一一谢绝呀。 an offer of marriage 求婚 34 ~ to do sth I accepted her offer to pay. 她要付款，我同意了。 35 2🔑 ~ (for sth) an amount of money that sb is willing to pay for sth 出价；报价 I’ve had an offer of $2 500 for the car. 有人向我出价 2 500 美元买这辆汽车。 They’ve decided to accept our original offer. 他们已决定接受我们最初的报价。 36 The offer has been withdrawn. 那个报价已经撤销了。 They made me an offer I couldn’t refuse. 他们提出了一个使我不好拒绝的报价。 The original price was £3 000, but I’m open to offers (= willing to consider offers that are less than that). 原价为 3 000 英镑，但价钱还可以商量。  ➡  see also o.n.o. 37 3🔑 a reduction in the normal price of sth, usually for a short period of time （通常为短期的）减价，削价；处理价；特价 This special offer is valid until the end of the month. 这个特价优惠月底前有效。 See next week’s issue for details of more free offers. 有关更多免费赠品的详情请见下期周刊。 They have an offer on beer at the moment. 他们目下正在打折卖啤酒。 38 【辨析比较】supply/provide/offer 易混词 区别 搭配 supply 通常指定期供应所需或所要 求之物，含有连续不断地供 给之意。 supply sb./sth.with sth. =supply sth.to sb./sth. provide 表示仅仅是出于某种责任主 动提供所需之物,尤其是生活 必需品。 provide sb.with sth. =provide sth. for sb. offer 指主动提供帮助、服务或令 人向往之物等。 offer to do sth. offer sb.sth.=offer sth.to sb. 单击此处编辑母版标题样式 39 给某人提供某物 supply sb with sth=supply sth to sb offer sb sth=offer sth to sb 40 They will supply people all over the country with these cars. =They will supply these cars to people all over the country. 他们将会把这些汽车供应给全国各地的人们。 41 He offered me a job，but I didn’t accept it. 他给我提供了一份工作，但我没有接受。 42 We provided them with board and lodging. 我们给他们提供食宿。 43 We are well supplied with foods. 我们的食品供给充足。 44 Point2survive 教材语境P52She’s feeding the baby who survived the earthquake. 45 sur·vive🔑 BrE /səˈvaɪv/ NAmE /sərˈvaɪv/ verb 1🔑 [I] to continue to live or exist 生存；存活；继续存在 She was the last surviving member of the family. 她是这家人中仅存的一员。 Of the six people injured in the crash, only two survived. 因这次撞车事故受伤的六人中，只有两人活了下来。 46 (humorous) ‘How are you these days?’ ‘Oh, surviving.’ “你近来好吗？” “嗐，凑合过吧。” Don’t worry, it’s only a scratch—you’ll survive. 别担心，只不过是划伤，你没事的。 47 【高考链接】 (2019江苏完形填空)After all, not everyone has realized that wildlife has thoughts, feelings, and most importantly, equal rights _____________________ (survive). 解析　考查非谓语动词。句意：毕竟，并不是每个人都意识到了野生动物有思想、感情，最重要的是，有平等的生存权利。设空处需用不定式作后置定语，修饰equal rights，故填to survive。 to survive 48 ~ from sth Some strange customs have survived from earlier times. 有些奇怪的风俗是从早年留存下来的。 49 survive on sth.依靠……生活 ~ on sth I can’t survive on £40 a week (= it is not enough for my basic needs). 一星期 40 英镑，我无法维持生活。 50 【高考链接】 (2019浙江完形填空)Baptiste Dubanchet is biking across Europe, _____________________ (survive) entirely on discarded(丢弃) food. 解析　考查非谓语动词。句意：Baptiste Dubanchet正骑自行车穿越欧洲，完全靠被丢弃的食物生存。 分析句子可知，句中已有谓语-动词，此处需用非谓语动词，主语Baptiste Dubanchet与动词survive之间为主动关系，所以填surviving。此处现在分词短语作伴随状语。 surviving 51 ~ as sth He survived as party leader until his second election defeat. 直至第二次参选失败他才不再担任党的领导人。 52 2🔑 [T] to continue to live or exist despite a dangerous event or time 幸存；幸免于难；艰难度过 不用于被动语态。survive作及物动词时其后常跟accident、earthquake、fire、flood、war、air crash等词语。 ~ sth The company managed to survive the crisis. 公司设法渡过了危机。 Many birds didn’t survive the severe winter. 很多鸟死于这次严冬。 53 【背写作佳句】 (读后续写之升华句)生活不在于如何从暴风雨中幸存，而在于学会在雨中翩翩起舞。 Life isn’t about how to _________________; it’s about learning to dance in the rain. survive the storm 54 ~ sth + adj. Few buildings survived the war intact. 战争之后没几座完好的建筑了。 55 3[T] ~ sb/sth to live or exist longer than sb/sth 比……活（或存在）的时间长 SYN outlive survive sb. by+时间 比某人多活…… She survived her husband by ten years. 丈夫死后她又活了十年。 56 sur·vival BrE /səˈvaɪvl/ NAmE /sərˈvaɪvl/ noun 1 [U] the state of continuing to live or exist, often despite difficulty or danger 生存；存活；幸存 the struggle/battle/fight for survival 为生存而斗争／战斗／拼搏 His only chance of survival was a heart transplant. 只有进行心脏移植，他才有望活下去。 Exporting is necessary for our economic survival. 必须有出口，才能维持我们的经济。 57 【高考链接】 (2017北京阅读理解A改编)For a sudden heart failure, the best chance for _______________ (survive) is having someone nearby step in and do CPR quickly. 解析　句意：对于突发的心力衰竭，最好的生存机会是让附近的人介入，并迅速做心肺复苏。由句意可知，介词for后需用名词survival，意为“生存”。 survival  58 2[C] ~ (from sth) something that has continued to exist from an earlier time 残存物；幸存事物 SYN relic The ceremony is a survival from pre-Christian times. 这种仪式是从公元前遗留下来的。 59 sur·vivor BrE /səˈvaɪvə(r)/ NAmE /sərˈvaɪvər/ noun a person who continues to live, especially despite being nearly killed or experiencing great danger or difficulty 幸存者；生还者；挺过困难者 the sole/only survivor of the massacre 那场大屠杀的唯一幸存者 60 The plane crashed in an area of dense jungle. There were no survivors. 飞机坠落在一个丛林茂密的地区，无人生还。 There are only a few survivors from the original team (= members who remain in it while others have been replaced). 最初的队员只剩下几名了。 She’ll cope. She’s one of life’s great survivors (= sb who deals very well with difficult situations). 她能挺过去。生活中什么样的困难她都能对付。 61 （2）动词survive去掉e加上-al后变成名词survival，类似的词还有： remove→removal移动 arrive→arrival到达 propose→proposal建议，提议 refuse→refusal拒绝 approve→approval赞成 62 【语境串记】 Mr Green was one of the survivors who survived the earthquake. He told us he survived on a bottle of water. Everyone said his survival was a wonder. 格林先生是地震中的幸存者之一。他告诉我们他是靠一瓶水活下来的。每个人都说他的存活是一个奇迹。 63 Thank you! 64 $$