专题03 阅读理解（议论文）（期中真题汇编，江苏专用）高一英语上学期

专题03 阅读理解 议论文 主题01 人与自我——做人与做事 Passage 1 （24-25高一上·江苏宿迁泗阳·期中） Good afternoon, everyone, Today, I want to share with you the power of dreams. Dreams are not just figments （虚构） of our imagination; they are the seeds from which great achievements grow. They inspire us, motivate us and give our life purpose. In learning English, many of us may dream of fluency, the ability to communicate effortlessly with people from different cultures, or even the opportunity to study or work abroad. These dreams may seem distant or even unattainable （难到达的） sometimes, but it’s essential to remember that every dream begins with a belief in its possibility. Take the example of Malala Yousafzai, a young woman who dreamed of education for all, especially girls. Despite facing extreme difficulties, she never gave up on her dream. Her resilience （坚韧） and determination at last led to global recognition and the Nobel Peace Prize at the age of 17. Malala’s story teaches us that when we dare to dream and act upon those dreams, we can make a significant difference to the world. Similarly, as you struggle to improve your English skills, let your dreams be your guiding star, which will fuel your passion and keep you motivated through challenges. Remember, dreams require action to be realized. Practice consistently, seek opportunities for improvement, and don’t be afraid to make mistakes. Each step forward brings you closer to realizing your dream. In conclusion, value your dreams and pursue them with all your heart. The journey may be long and filled with obstacles （障碍）, but with firm determination and a belief in yourself, you can turn your dreams into reality. Thank you! 1．What does the author advise us to do? A．Stay away from distant dreams. B．Seize the chance to study abroad. C．Be brave enough to have big dreams. D．Struggle to speak English with fluency. 2．Why does the author mention Malala Yousafzai in the text? A．To highlight her contributions in girls’ education. B．To show the difficulties she met with in her work. C．To indicate she was a talented and determined woman. D．To emphasize we should have dreams and act on them. 3．What is the most important in realizing our dreams? A．Practical action. B．Vivid imagination. C．Valuable opportunity. D．Effective communication. 4．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．The Origin of Dreams. B．The Power of Dreams. C．The Journey of Dreams. D．The Realization of Dreams. Passage 2 （23-24高一上·江苏南京·期中） Ralph Emerson once said that the purpose of life is not to be happy, but to be useful, to be loving, to make some difference in the world. While we appreciate such words of wisdom, we seldom try to follow them in our lives. Most people prefer to live a good life themselves, ignoring their responsibilities for the world. This narrow perception of a good life may provide short-term benefits, but is sure to lead to long-term harm and suffering. A good life based on comfort and luxury may eventually lead to more pain because we spoil our health and even our character, principles, ideals, and relationships. What then, is the secret of a good life? A good life is a process, not a state of being: a direction, not a destination. We have to earn a good life by first serving others without any expectation in return because their happiness is the very source of our own happiness. More importantly, we must know ourselves inside out. Only when we examine ourselves deeply can we discover our abilities and recognize our limitations, and then work accordingly to create a better world. The first requirement for a good life is having a loving heart. When we do certain right things merely as a duty, we find our job so tiresome that we’ll soon burn out. However, when we do that same job out of love, we not only enjoy what we do, but also do it with an effortless feeling. However, love alone is insufficient to lead a good life. Love sometimes blinds us to the reality. Consequently, our good intentions may not lead to good results. To achieve desired outcome those who want to do good to others also need to equip themselves with accurate world knowledge. False knowledge is more dangerous than ignorance. If love is the engine of a car, knowledge is the steering wheel（方向盘）. If the engine lacks power, the car can’t move; if the driver loses control of the steering, a road accident probably occurs. Only with love in heart and the right knowledge in mind can we lead a good life. With love and knowledge, we go all out to create a better world by doing good to others. When we see the impact of our good work on the world, we give meaning to our life and earn lasting joy and happiness. 5．What effect does the narrow perception of a good life have on us? A．Making us simple-minded B．Making us short-sighted. C．Leading us onto a busy road. D．Keeping us from comfort and luxury. 6．According to the author, how can one gain true happiness? A．Through maintaining good health. B．By going through pain and suffering. C．By recognizing one’s abilities and limitations. D．Through offering help much needed by others. 7．In what case may good intentions fail to lead to desired results? A．When we have wrong knowledge of the world. B．When our love for the world is insufficient. C．When we are insensitive to dangers in life. D．When we stay blind to the reality. 8．According to Paragraph5, life can be made truly good when ______. A．inspired by love and guided by knowledge B．directed by love and pushed by knowledge C．purified by love and enriched by knowledge D．promoted by love and defined by knowledge 主题02 人与社会——社会问题与社会现象 Passage 1 （23-24高一上·江苏南京外国语·期中） During the school year, Kacer works about 10 hours a week, juggling his job with school and cheerleading practice. But he hopes to pick up more shifts （轮班） this summer to earn extra spending money and to help his family save for his college tuition. Across the country, lawmakers are supporting new legislation （立法） that would allow teens like Kacer to do just that — by loosening some child labor protections at the state level. Ohio and other states, for example, have proposed bills that would permit teens — with their parents’ permission — to work later at night, even on school days. In some states, such as Iowa and Minnesota, legislation would allow teens to take jobs in a wider range of industries, including construction. As businesses started reopening after the global crisis, many adults left low-wage jobs for better-paying ones. “Adult workers no longer want this crazy low-wage service job that has a ludicrous （荒唐的） schedule, few benefits, and rude customers,” Alicia Sasser Modestino, a labor expert who studies the youth workforce, told reporters, “so employers suddenly turned to youth.” Some experts say there are benefits to increasing work opportunities for young people. For starters, many teens must work in order to help their families make ends meet. A recent study also found that students with part-time jobs are more likely to earn higher wages in the future compared with classmates who don’t work. Plus, experts add, working teens are likely to spend more, which helps the economy. In addition, having a job instills responsibility in teens and could even lead to an eventual career. But critics of changing the laws worry that doing so could put kids in danger. They say teens working later at night raises safety concerns, such as how they will get home. And, they add, some jobs that lawmakers want to open to teens could put young people at risk of injury or death. Charlie Wishman, president of the Iowa Federation of Labor, is against his state’s bill that would allow some teens to work in manufacturing （制造业） and meatpacking facilities. “Child labor should be limited and safe,” he told reporters. “Let kids be kids. There are plenty of job opportunities right now for kids to gain experience and learn responsibility without putting them in danger.” In addition, some parents and educators worry that if teens devote more time to work, their education will suffer. Research shows that working more than 20 hours a week during the school year can tire young people out and leave less time for studying. While states continue to debate changing their child labor laws, there is one thing that many people agree on: The country’s labor shortage, they say, could be largely solved if more employers offered better pay and benefits to adults. 9．What is the article mainly about? A．Whether Kacer should pick up more shifts this summer. B．How to solve labor shortage in manufacturing industry. C．Whether youth should be given more job opportunities. D．Why people disagree with changing the child labor laws. 10．Why do employers hire more teenagers after the global crisis? A．Because teenagers need to work to save money for further study. B．Because economic recovery creates new jobs suitable for teenagers. C．Because young employees can better cope with rude customers. D．Because adults turn to higher-paying jobs with better environment. 11．Which statement is NOT TRUE according to Paragraph 4? A．Teens without work may earn less than their peers in the future. B．Working teens contribute to economic growth by saving wages. C．Young people can help support their families through working. D．Teenagers can learn to be responsible from working experience. 12．Which harmful effect of allowing teenagers to work more is NOT mentioned in Paragraph 5? A．Heavy work will leave students little time to explore interests. B．Going home late after work will pose a risk to kids’ safety. C．Students will gain working experience at the cost of study. D．Teenagers can get injured in dangerous work environment. Passage 2 （23-24高一上·江苏南京金陵河西中学·期中） MADRID — What is it that makes people happy? Youth, health, a good job, good looks, a flashy car? None of these things, Spanish experts say. The concept of happiness is coming under increasingly close examination in Spain. As the nation rises to the club of the world’s wealthiest countries, people are discovering that material things do not bring happiness. “Most people use money as a measure of human value,” says Jesus Yn-fante, author of a book on Spain’s 300 Biggest Fortunes. “Expensive Products are regarded as the best. The rich are admired simply for being rich,” Yn-fante said. Yet psychologists （心理学家） warn that happiness cannot be bought. They advise people to look for it in human relations and in the small pleasures of everyday life. Many people regard happiness as moment of ecstatic pleasure （狂喜） — something that, by definition, cannot last — while others speak of it as peace and acceptance of oneself. Polls （问卷调查） in different countries indicate that between 65 and 85 percent of the world’s population regard themselves as reasonably happy. Around 40 percent of a person’s happiness is thought to be determined by genetics （遗传）, while the rest depends on childhood environment and the process of growing up. Perhaps the most surprising thing about happiness is that it has little to do with age, health, wealth, or other values thought to be important in western society. For most Spaniards, happiness is linked with feeling close to other people. Happy people accept their limitations and set themselves reachable goals, experts say. There are lifestyle choices which favour happiness, such as exercise, eating carbohydrates （含碳水化合物的食物） and exposing oneself to sunlight. But the main secret of happiness is to take pleasure in small things. “If you are given a choice between eternal （永久的） happiness and cheese sandwich, take the sandwich,” advises musician Julian Hernandez. 13．Spain, as this passage tells us, ________________. A．has built more clubs than the other countries B．has owned the largest group of experts C．has become one of the richest countries in the world D．has produced the most wealth in the world 14．As psychologists warn in this passage, people can’t feel happy even if they ________________. A．have much money B．only care about themselves C．Don’t do any homework D．have a few relations 15．Happy people, as we can find in this passage, ________________. A．are always full of feelings B．are always born in rich families C．always enjoy every achievement they get D．always look down upon themselves 16．What Julian Hernandez advises at the end of this passage suggests that ________________. A．he is not a happy musician B．he is leading a hard life C．he doesn’t agree to the idea in this passage D．he is humorous 主题03 人与自我——健康 Passage 1 （23-24高一上·江苏响水中学·期中） Is looking fashionable more important than being comfortable? Many people seem to think so, judging （判断） by the things they wear. But fashion is not everything. It is more important to be a healthy and good person. People go to great lengths to be fashionable. Some people think they have to have a certain body type, so they go on extreme, unhealthy diets in order to change their bodies. In addition, many women wear uncomfortable fashions, such as high-heeled shoes that cause pain to their feet, and tight body shapers that limit blood flow. Men and women alike spend time and money on products that change their natural hair color or hairstyle. Some people even spend several hours a day in front of a mirror. Is fashion so important that people spend so much time and effort changing what they look like? If the purpose of fashion is to make a person feel good, it does not make sense that he or she would go through so much discomfort to be fashionable. Fashion should not come first. People should put their health and positive image in the first place. What people wear does not say anything about their personalities. Instead of spending hours choosing a dress, perhaps you should call your friends and do something together, such as playing soccer or badminton. Instead of going on strict diets and forcing yourself to stay hungry, why not eat some healthy foods and then exercise? By doing these things, you can keep a healthy lifestyle and truly grow as a person. 17．Why does the author include a question in the first paragraph? A．To enrich the content. B．To introduce a new topic. C．To present different ideas. D．To encourage readers to doubt. 18．What is paragraph 2 mainly about? A．The fact about fashion industry. B．Reasons why fashion is important. C．The price to pay for being fashionable. D．Products popular with fashion followers. 19．Which of the following activities would the author most likely recommend? A．Going skiing with friends. B．Starting a new diet with a friend. C．Changing hairstyles every week. D．Shopping for fashionable clothes. 20．What is the author’s main purpose in writing the text? A．To introduce the latest fashion trends. B．To tell readers how to remain fashionable. C．To advise readers to value health over fashion. D．To show readers advantages and disadvantages of dieting. Passage 2 （24-25高一上·江苏盐城·期中） What are the limits of the human body? Is there a point at which it is physically impossible to do something? “One thing we’ve all learned in the last 30 years or so is that just about anything is humanly possible,” says Dr. Jack Wilmore, author of Physiology （生理学） of Sport and Exercise. “As time goes by, I think you’ll see more records continue to fall in every sport. The talent pool is better than ever. With more and better athletes involved and competing, records will fall and new standards will be set.” Many believed it was physically impossible for a human to run a mile in under four minutes, but Roger Bannister proved that theory wrong with a three-minute, 59-second mile in 1954. Today, sub-four-minute miles are considered routine even in high school. And Bob Beamon stretched human performance in the 1968 Olympics with his historic long jump of 8.90 metres. In an event where a record is usually broken by mere inches, he broke the previous jump record by more than 21 inches, but even his record was broken in 1991. One factor is now becoming more understood and popular: sports psychology （心理学）. Getting inside the athlete’s head can be as effective as training and long workouts. According to Wilmore, the psychological aspect of sports has become more and more esteemed. He points out that most professional teams have hired （聘用） sports psychologists for their players. In addition, every aspect of athletics — training, nutrition, injury treatment — is far better than it’s ever been. “Besides, children today tend to master one or two sports instead of participating in several as was common twenty-five years ago,” Wilmore says. “That means they start concentrating on a sport much earlier and more intensely （密集地）, and they become much better at it.” “There’s a lot we don’t know yet about the human body,” he adds. “And one of those things is the full range of human potential. It would be foolish to try and put limits on what the human body can do.” 21．Which of the following sentences will Wilmore probably agree with? A．Athletes will become the most famous people. B．Athletes will continue to surprise us with their achievements. C．It is preferable to set universal standards for athletes. D．It is necessary for athletes to learn the limits of the body. 22．Why are Roger Bannister and Bob Beamon mentioned in paragraph 3? A．To show some of the latest world records. B．To explain what athletes can achieve under stress. C．To introduce two great athletes. D．To prove the limits of the body can be pushed. 23．What does the underlined word “esteemed” in paragraph 4 mean? A．valued B．similar C．traditional D．difficult 24．How are today’s children different from those years ago according to Wilmore? A．They are less likely to get injured in sports. B．They participate in far more sports. C．They become more professional at one particular sport. D．They begin playing sports at a much earlier age. 主题04 人与自我——生活与学习 Passage 1 （23-24高一上·江苏泰州中学·期中） We’re always encouraging students to read fiction （小说）. We push them towards the library doors, wave the latest David Walliams bestsellers in their faces and catch them in the passage suggesting they read the latest novels. But do we ever point them in the direction of newspaper websites, travel guides or historical reports? The ability to read and write isn’t just about how often students pick up books; it’s also about the types of texts they read. And that should mean as much non-fiction as fiction. This does present challenges, as Doug Lemov said in Reading Reconsidered, “Understanding non-fiction needs a strong base of knowledge, but reading non-fiction is also one of the primary ways such a base of knowledge is built.” This is why we must introduce non-fiction to children from an early age. The more non-fiction young people read in school, with the guidance of teachers, the more chances they will have to build up a large store of background knowledge to help them understand more difficult texts later on. To do this, we must give more lesson time to non-fiction. Every teacher in every subject also needs to take responsibility for this. Reading has something to do with all subjects, all of which come with their own reading difficulties. Lemov suggests students should be given the chance to read more than one text on any given topic. So, when learning about the Battle of Waterloo in history, why not read some articles about the event? And when studying Dickens in English, why not read it alongside some parts chosen from his own Sketches by Boz? For non-fiction to be most helpful for students, it should be as undiluted as possible. Texts should keep their non-fiction features （特点） and difficult words should not be taken away to create a simpler text. In fact, non-fiction is one of the best ways to make students learn difficult words. It is also easy to find a huge number of non-fiction texts online. You can even share sources with students. This is especially important for those students going into higher education. 25．The author raises the question in Paragraph 3 to ______. A．compare different ideas B．doubt a common practice C．show the necessity of reading D．question why students read fiction 26．Why should teachers spend more lesson time on non-fiction? A．To increase students’ understanding. B．To get students to study independently. C．To find excellent students. D．To make lessons changeable. 27．What does Lemov suggest teachers in every subject do to help students? A．Teach them to learn from history. B．Help them with reading difficulties. C．Encourage them to read related articles. D．Share stories of famous people with them. 28．What does the underlined word “undiluted” in the last but one paragraph mean? A．Easy. B．Popular. C．Unexpected. D．Unchanged. 主题03 人与社会——社会现象与社会问题 Passage 1 （23-24高一上·江苏连云港·期中） As a result of trade, travel and migration, different cuisines have spread across the world. Many recipes, chefs and restaurants try to announce that their food of a country or region is the most authentic （正宗的）. But is this a good thing? People care about authenticity because food traditions are closely linked to identity （身份）, particularly for migrant communities. Sociologist and professor of food studies, Krishnendu Ray, explains that home cooking is often the last way that communities can show their identity. British celebrity chef Jamie Oliver was accused of trying to take advantage of positive feelings about Jamaica. His ready meal product had a Jamaican name, but was unlike real Jamaican cooking. However, food consultant Sara Kay asks whether there are problems with the idea of authenticity. She stresses that these ideas often come from the expectations that majority cultures have about minority cultures and their food. These can be restricting （限制的） — restaurateurs have complained that people expect Asian food to be cheaper than that from European cultures. Expectations can also give people a false idea of what is authentic. While large cities are full of eateries representing different countries — China, India, Italy, Mexico and more — these labels can oversimplify the reality of food from these countries. Stephanie Elizondo Greist is surprised by the recognition（认识） that foods in Mexico are more authentic than what she ate growing up as a Mexican-American in Texas, because she feels that both are authentic examples of Mexican food. A more controversial （有争议的） view of authenticity was stated by American Chef Andrew Zimmern, who claimed that he could bring in Chinese dishes in a more authentic way than existing restaurants — many of which are owned by Chinese-Americans. Writer and food podcaster Ruth Tam points out that while these restaurants altered their menus to suit local tastes, so does Zimmern. So, while food and identity are closely linked, and failure to respect authenticity can cause offence, could there be problems with the whole idea of authenticity? 29．Which of the following factors causes people to care about authenticity? A．Taste. B．Tradition. C．Culture. D．Identity. 30．What is the main idea of paragraph 3? A．Eateries in different countries contribute to the authentic problem. B．Expectation about authenticity may cause problems. C．Asian food is cheaper than European food. D．You can enjoy the traditional taste of Mexican food both in Mexico and America. 31．Which statement might Stephanie Elizondo Greist agree with? A．There can be only one authentic taste in a country. B．What she eats in Texas means nothing to her. C．Every person can have his or her own recognition of authenticity. D．The regional specialities （特色菜） should be the same in a country. 32．The underlined word “altered” has the similar meaning with ________. A．changed B．kept C．tricked D．pressed Passage 2 （23-24高一上·江苏联盟校·期中） The COVID-19 pandemic began in late 2019 and for the best part of two years, children were forced to learn at home, staring at computers. As they start the 2023-24 school year, a terrifying proportion still seem barely to be back. According to a study published in early August, in the 2021-22 academic year 28% of schoolchildren missed at least three and a half weeks of school. The study, conducted by Thomas Dee, an education professor at Stanford University, found that “chronic （长期的） absenteeism”, defined as when a pupil misses 10% of the school year, almost doubled overall between 2018-19 and 2021-22. In Alaska, nearly half of all pupils missed enough school to be counted. Explaining this is tricky. Students skip school for many reasons: lack of transport, poverty, the weather. But these are unlikely to have worsened recently. A more reasonable explanation for the lasting rise is that, having experienced remote learning, some students — and perhaps their parents — no longer think it necessary or even worthwhile to sit in a classroom. “It’s the same thing as in the workplace,” says a teacher in New Orleans. “Once you’ve gone down to only being there two or three days a week, coming back all five is hard.” Attending school in person is important. Studies show that children who skip more school get significantly worse grades. One published by the Institute of Labour Economics by three American academics found that missing ten maths classes reduced the chance of a high school student graduating on time by 8%. Schools also connect pupils to important services. In Baltimore, schoolchildren can get free meals or be fitted for glasses through school, and their parents can be hooked up with social services. Educators can also spot if a child is being ill-treated or neglected. Pupils develop social skills in school, take part in after-school programmes and learn sports. There are few easy fixes, though some look for them. Chicago Collegiate is encouraging attendance by giving pupils individual rewards and by holding class pizza parties. In Baltimore, Mayor Brandon Scott plans to award the school with the most improved attendance rate. Most teachers, however, are simply trying to adapt. “Our youngsters, the competition for their attention has never been more difficult,” sighs a teacher in a New York City middle school. The challenge, he says, is to “attract kids to school”. 33．What’s the real reason for the rise in chronic absenteeism after the pandemic? A．Economic challenges. B．Worsening transportation. C．Online learning experience. D．Irresponsible school teachers. 34．Which of the following is NOT the benefit of attending school in person? A．It lowers the risk of falling ill. B．It improves academic performance. C．It offers access to important services. D．It promotes the development of social skills. 35．What does the underlined word “fixes” in Paragraph 5 mean? A．Effects. B．Origins. C．Responses. D．Solutions. 36．What is the main idea of the passage? A．Various measures have been taken to improve school attendance. B．In-person attendance at school is beneficial to students’ development. C．Chronic absenteeism in schools saw a significant rise after the pandemic. D．Online learning is gaining in popularity among students and parents. 主题03 人与社会——科学与技术 Passage 1 （23-24高一上·江苏南京中华中学·期中） When drones （无人机） first became widely available around 15 years ago, it wasn’t uncommon to find tech people painting dramatic pictures of how they were soon going to change the world. However, if you look up into the largely empty sky, you can see that hasn’t happened yet. Sure, drones are useful for taking aerial （空中的） photos, but we’re a long way away from aerial superhighways, packed with autonomous drones carrying parcels at speeds that are near-impossible on the ground. In 2016, Amazon announced it had completed its first ever aerial delivery. In a video, we saw an Amazon “Prime Air" drone pick up a parcel and fly it across the countryside landing in the buyer’s garden, dropping the parcel, and then returning to its home base. But Amazon still hasn’t completed its second drone delivery. In fact, it has reportedly downsized the drone program. So, will drone delivery ever be a thing? There are some indications of a possible drone delivery future not in Britain, but in Africa. Because also since 2016, rural hospitals in Rwanda have been receiving regular shipments of medical supplies by drone thanks to a company called Zipline. It surely has saved lives, thanks to the speed at which blood can be delivered in a country with a poorly developed road network. So could we ever expect such a system here? Unfortunately, there’s a big difference between rural Africa and thickly populated Britain. British homes don’t have large gardens where to land and nobody wants loud large drones constantly landing around the neighbourhood. Another reality is that British cities may still have security and safety concerns about routinely having drones carrying stuff over our heads.  That’s why I wonder if the real drone future could be crawling （爬） along the ground. For a few years, “autonomous delivery robots” with wheels have been walking on the pavements. So perhaps we’re not so far away from a drone delivery future, but the reality might be a little bit more down to earth. 37．What can we learn from the first two paragraphs? A．Drones are widely used in daily life. B．Drones have made delivery efficient. C．Drones are designed to take aerial photos. D．Drones haven’t changed the world as expected. 38．Why does the author mention Zipline’s drone delivery? A．To explain the process of drone delivery. B．To stress the profits brought by drone delivery. C．To discuss the possibility of a drone delivery future. D．To show its advantages over Amazon’s drone delivery. 39．What is paragraph 5 mainly about? A．The security and safety concerns about drones. B．The ways that British people react to drone delivery. C．The differences between African countries and Britain. D．The reasons why drone delivery isn’t suitable for Britain. 40．What is the best title for the text? A．Drone Delivery Future: Pie in the Sky B．A Bright Future for Drone Delivery C．Change the World with Drones D．Drone Applications at Risk Worldwide 主题01 人与自我——生活与学习 Passage 1 （24-25高一上·江苏无锡辅仁高级中学·期中） Growing up with movies such as “High School Musical” and “Grease”, which presented the ideal （理想的） high school friendships, we sometimes expect a perfect relationship. Indeed, some high school friendships can be real and simple; while still some high school students will meet a friend who causes trouble. With failed friendships come lessons and experiences learned for the future. You will know the influence after you leave high school. “I was always worried about what my friends thought about me. Sometimes my friends would make fun of what I wore or what I would do. I always tried to get along well with them, but I realized how happy I was once I stopped contacting them after high school,” said Elisha, Class of 2020. Most teens have not realized the big question when dealing with high school problems. In five years, will this still matter? It is hard looking at the big picture when the problems are in front of you, which is understandable. However, most teens need a moment to reflect （反思） and question if the problem matters in a long time. Briana, a high school teacher, said, “Now, I am in contact with two high school friends. I think the friendship experiences I had in high school shaped who I am because I learned to be open minded and befriend all kinds of people. I learned to see people for who they are, not what they wear or who they play with. I learned most of all how to be a good friend.” High school is a small part of your life, but it has a huge influence on who you will become and where you will go. Friendships and relationships help shape who you are, whether they are good or bad. Lessons are brought, and lessons are learned. 41．Why did the author mention the two movies in the first paragraph? A．To introduce the topic of the passage. B．To explain what a high school friendship is. C．To attract readers’ attention to these two movies. D．To recommend （推荐） these two movies to readers. 42．What did Elisha think of her “friends”? A．They made her unhappy. B．They got along well with her. C．They cared about her behavior. D．They were always worried about her. 43．Why did Briana think her friendship experiences shape her? A．She learned to play with her friends. B．She learned to make different friends. C．She learned to shape her friends’ minds. D．She learned to wear just like her friends. 44．How does the author support his arguments in Paragraph 2 and Paragraph 4? A．By listing data （数据）. B．By giving examples. C．By giving a definition （定义）. D．By making comparisons （对比）. Passage 2 （24-25高一上·江苏南京六校·期中） We all want to give our kids the best possible advice, but when it comes to what path they should explore after education and what career possibilities are out there, where should we start? “For parents, the most important thing is to keep options open and to understand that equipping them with life skills are important,” says secondary school teacher David Earl. Your kid will probably have some idea of the terms “growth” and “fixed mindset”. Simply put, the central idea of the growth mindset （思维模式） is that intelligence （智力） and ability can be developed, and children who have this idea will try to seek opportunities to push themselves, understanding that they are likely to achieve what they want if they persevere. This challenges a fixed mindset, the idea that a child’s ability is limited and set in advance. Help your kid prepare for closed doors, tough interviews, rejection letters by encouraging them to embrace them and understand that none of them is failure. Remind them of things they’ve overcome, suggesting they view every negative experience as a chance to learn and grow, rather than an end point. Employers lay stress on all kinds of life skills, including problem-solving, leadership and creative thinking. So getting your children to think about those skills is helpful. Barclays LifeSkills has listed skills important for individuals in their future careers — communicating through videos and audio, rather than writing, and working with people from different generations and backgrounds. Good grades and passing examinations may seem like the most important thing to your kid right now, but try to encourage them to also think of longer-term goals. By thinking of a long-term goal, you may be able to find areas they need to improve. Thinking about the future can be challenging, but it’s important that your kid understands that the next step is just that one small step. It doesn’t have to be anything as huge as what career to pursue or which course to take. This is a team effort: Ask teachers, friends, or turn to experts for tips. 45．What does the growth mindset stress? A．A child’s ability can be improved. B．Success comes only from good grades. C．One’s intelligence stays unchanged. D．Children should avoid challenges to succeed. 46．Which is closest in meaning to the underlined word “embrace” in Paragraph 4? A．Ignore. B．Measure. C．Perform. D．Accept. 47．Which of the following might the writer agree with? A．Children should consider long-term goals instead of good grades. B．It’s parents’ responsibility to choose their children’ future careers. C．It’s a life skill to get along with people from different backgrounds. D．Children should be independent of their parents as early as possible. 48．Who is the above passage mainly intended for? A．Children. B．Parents. C．Employers. D．Teachers. 主题02 人与社会——社会现象与社会问题 Passage 1 （24-25高一上·江苏常州高级中学·期中） When my son was a toddler （学步儿童）, he liked to run in our driveway until he fell. He would then turn to me to see if he was hurt. If my face betrayed worry or if I audibly gasped （发声地吸气） , he would cry. If I maintained calmness, he would brush himself off and get back to running. Learning that I could so powerfully influence his mental state was a lesson. Years later, when he was in middle school, this lesson came back to me. One night while doing homework, my son told me about a classmate who had been unkind to him. My first instinct （本能） was to rush to fix it. But instead of reacting, I paused. “That sounds hard. What did you do?” “I decided not to hang out with him for a while,” my son replied. “I'm going to try playing soccer at lunch instead.” “That's a great solution,” I said, and he went back to his homework. These otherwise ordinary parenting moments revealed an important truth: Sometimes, the best thing a parent can do is nothing at all. I've spent the past 30 years working in schools, and I've watched thousands of parents engage with educators and with their children. Too often, I watch parents over functioning. We' re biologically designed to prevent our children's suffering, and it can be painful to watch them struggle. A parent's first instinct has led to pop-culture belief around pushy parenting styles, including the “Helicopter Parent,” who flies in to rescue a child in crisis, and the “Snowplow Parent,” who flattens any obstacle in their child's way. A young person who grows accustomed to having a parent intervene （干预） on his behalf begins to believe that he's not capable of acting on his own, feeding both anxiety and dependence. I want to make a case for the Lighthouse Parent. A Lighthouse Parent stands as a steady, reliable guide, providing safety and clarity without controlling every aspect of their child's journey. Like a lighthouse that helps sailors avoid crashing into rocks, Lighthouse Parents provide firm boundaries and emotional support while allowing their children the freedom to face their own challenges. The key is learning when to step back and let them find their own way. One of the most important shifts that parents can make is learning to substitute our impulse to fix problems with the patience to listen. Listening is about allowing emotions to exist without rushing to solve a problem. Yes, parenting can be stressful. But when we trust our children to navigate their own course— with us as steady and supportive guides— we lighten our own load and empower them to thrive. 49．Why does the author mention two moments of his parenting experience? A．To introduce a good method of parenting. B．To show the good relationship with his son. C．To highlight the necessity of parents' company. D．To present different roles parents play in children's growth. 50．What is in common between “Helicopter Parent” and “Snowplow Parent”? A．They push their children forward in a strict way. B．They replace their children to remove difficulties. C．They save their children from crisis as soon as possible. D．They watch their children closely in fear of any trouble. 51．Which of the following is an act of a “Lighthouse Parent”? A．A mother allows her child to be free to make any decision. B．A mother helps her child do some extra work to ease the child's burden. C．A father e-mails the teacher frequently to learn about the child's school life. D．A father listens to the son's complaints carefully before offering suggestions. 52．Which word can replace the underlined word “navigate” in the last paragraph? A．follow. B．change. C．avoid. D．challenge. Passage 2 （24-25高一上·江苏南通海安·期中） Imagining a human being without historical sense is scary. The thought of living exclusively in a present moment is scary. Scarier still is the thought of an entire generation, not to mention society, operating with a lack of a sense of history. And yet that is exactly the situation in which we find ourselves today. The people and events of history may be rooted in the past, but how we talk about those things, what we write about them, and how we teach them—in other words, how we practise history as the record of human experience—tell us a lot about who we are and what we value right now. Thinking of ourselves as a chapter in an as-yet unwritten history book, on the other hand, is likely to force deeper self-reflection: Whose stories will we stand up for? What values will we defend? What models will we offer following generations? In an era of environmental change, rising inequality and great shifts in the international political context, we need to understand how our institutions have developed. History gives us power. No other subject helps us to understand so comprehensively what it is to be human. The implications of ignorance of what has happened are incredible, but the ignorance itself isn’t entirely surprising given the lowered status of history in most schools. The discipline of history has become sidelined （边缘化）. “History fights for its place in the curriculum with geography,” Dr. Bain observed, “but its attention to time, place and context is what makes it really distinct.” In other words, history doesn’t simply tell us how to be good citizens: It equips us with the knowledge we need to comprehend our world clearly, and the ability to analyze it accurately. Clearly, in an age of “fake news”, engaged citizens need to be culturally literate, critical thinkers. There is no better subject than history to develop an appreciation of context and an ability to look for evidence. We should expect a logical history curriculum for our children. If it were common to hear graduates claim that they’d never learned to add, subtract, multiply and divide, there would be a severe protest. So should there be now. 53．What is the situation the author mentioned in paragraph 1? A．The fear of the past. B．The ignorance of history. C．The exclusion of the present. D．The dissatisfaction of society. 54．What does the author mainly stress in paragraph 2? A．Consequences of overlooking history. B．Significance of mastering all subjects. C．Insights from history for today and tomorrow. D．Resolutions of the current international issues. 55．Which one of the following ideas might Dr. Bain agree with? A．Critical thinking is key to studying history well. B．Schools should enhance the status of history curriculum. C．Ignorance of history is not as terrible as expected in schools. D．Geography proves more meaningful and practical than history. 56．What does the underlined sentence “So should there be now.” mean? A．The historical sense can help us differentiate the news. B．People are dissatisfied with graduates’ ability to calculate. C．We should make history curriculum more logical and critical. D．We should pay the same attention to history as to other subjects. Passage 3 （24-25高一上·江苏盐城六校·期中） What impresses you most when you think back to your years at university? For me, it is my first Greek philosophy class from Dr. Degenaar at Stellenbosch University. Dr. Degenaar came into the lecture room on the first Friday morning of the term and asked us to write down our own definition of the “soul”. Here was the “teacher” asking us what we thought—it was an almost literally mind-blowing experience. He was not telling us what he thought but asking us how we saw something. The following discussion was interesting. That was my first experience of real learning in a classroom. Almost 50 years have passed since that experience. Of the other lecturers who “taught” me during that year. I remember they “taught” me the history of Greek philosophy, but I remember little of that history and absolutely nothing of those lecturers. And most of what I remember about Greek philosophy is what I learned in Dr. Degenaar’s class, for my own interest. I took further courses with Dr. Degenaar in the following years. Like the first class, there was little “lecturing” at us, but far more involvement of us all in a process of mutual （共同的） discovery in which we learned a lot about each other and the important issues of the day. The excitement of discovery stays with me. Then it took me almost another 20 years to get a deeper understanding of what had happened in that lecture hall: experiential learning. Traditionally, learners have been seen as “empty containers” waiting to be “filled” with learning given them by the teacher. The learner is, therefore, dependent on the teacher for what to think and how to think. Compliance （遵从） is rewarded and so independent and original thinking is not developed. In contrast, in experiential learning, the learner is encouraged to think for himself/herself not to repeat the thought patterns of the teacher. The learning happens not because of what a “teacher” or “lecturer” says but because of what the learner does. In this sense, I think this is the best way to learn and everyone should try it and learn from it. 57．What did the author think of his first Greek philosophy class? A．Boring. B．Amazing. C．Confusing. D．Challenging. 58．Why does the author compare Dr. Degenaar and the other lecturers? A．To prove Dr. Degenaar’s devotion to his career. B．To stress Dr. Degenaar’s great influence on him. C．To point out Dr. Degenaar’s popularity among students. D．To show the author’s deep interest in Greek philosophy. 59．How does experiential learning differ from traditional learning? A．It combines theory with practice. B．It has no limit on learning places. C．It encourages independent thinking. D．It focuses more on the result of learning. 60．What’s the author’s purpose in writing the text? A．To introduce his respected teachers. B．To share his favorite university lesson. C．To explain the factors of experiential learning. D．To recommend an effective learning approach. Passage 4 （24-25高一上·江苏扬州红桥高级中学·期中） How would you survive without your smartphone? For many of us, it’s the device we’re most attracted to — looking at it hundreds of times a day. We depend on it to perform different tasks and to connect with our friends and family. But have we become addicted to our phones? Certainly, the inventor of the first mobile phone, American engineer Martin Cooper, thinks we might be. In a BBC interview, he suggested people should stop scrolling （刷屏） and “get a life”. But of course, once we start scrolling or watching videos, we just can’t kick the habit. Psychologist and author Jean Twenge says, “we’re all guilty of habitually checking our phones if waiting for a text or getting really into social media then kind of, looking up and realizing that an hour has passed.” There’s even a word — a phubber — to describe a person who ignores the real people around them because they are concentrating on their phones. But does it matter if we make the most of this technology? Possibly, because like a drug, the problem arises when it is taken away. A study from King’s College London found young people they studied couldn’t control the amount of time they spent on their phone. Such addictive behavior means that people become anxious or upset when they are refused constant access, which can cause anxiety and mental health issues. Interestingly, another study by the London School of Economics and Political Science suggests we don’t just look at our phones because we are encouraged by a text or e-mail. The people they studied felt natural to interact with their phones, just as a smoker would light a cigarette. Prof, Saadi Lahlou, co-author of the study, told the BBC “We must learn tricks to avoid the temptation （诱惑） when we want to concentrate or have good social relations.” One solution could be an app that rewards students for time spent away from their phones. Another choice is changing your smartphone to an ordinary phone that has none of the distractions （分心事） on it. But mainly, perhaps, we just need to look up more and reconnect with the real world! 61．What did Martin Cooper suggest people do? A．Enjoy life by stopping the habit of scrolling. B．Learn tricks to avoid the temptation. C．Change their smartphones to ordinary phones. D．Use an app that rewards them for less phone use. 62．Why do people feel ashamed after checking their phones? A．For not being productive enough. B．For missing important texts or calls. C．For not being able to connect with others. D．For using their phones for a long time. 63．What does the study from King’s College London imply? A．The young shouldn’t use their phones. B．Curing phone addiction is not an easy job. C．Young people can’t survive without phones D．Using phones leads the young to be anxious. 64．What is the main message of the text? A．Smartphones are essential for modern life. B．People should avoid their addiction to smart phones. C．The inventor of the mobile phone should be punished D．Smartphones have a certain impact on mental health. 主题03 人与自我——礼仪修养 Passage 1 （24-25高一上·江苏南师附中·期中） The text from my son said it all: “Dad, there’s an article you were born to write that the world is finally ready for: Bring back the handkerchief!” For me, the handkerchief never left. My mother raised me with several fixed rules. One was that a gentleman always has a clean handkerchief in his right back pocket, a piece of simple cotton, roughly 15 inches square and less than four inches when folded. I was a dutiful son, but I can recall being a ten-year-old on the school playground, feeling the hankie directly over my butt （屁股） and wondering what it was there for. Time would tell. Every night for most of my life, I remove from my trousers the items I’m going to need the next day — keys, wallet and hankie, if it’s still unused. After 60 years, my body weight feels wrong if I’m heading out of the house with an empty back pocket. I am sure this habit has sometimes shocked friends and colleagues who’ve noticed it as a little quaint, but in polite company nobody comments on somebody else’s business. That rule of behaviour, of course, did not apply to one’s children in the late20th century. When my three kids were growing up, they all let me know whenever they could that my hankie was as ridiculously old-fashioned as a top hat and a walking stick. They had their arguments. If you have to be prepared every day for a cold, why not choose a little packet of tissues. Point taken — especially in the time of pandemic. But a cotton handkerchief is a lot more durable than tissues, creates no waste, and has a far wider variety of uses. Can you grab the handle of a pot that’s boiling over with a tissue? Or do you recall the cases of skinned knees and runny noses that hankie wiped? In fact, for Father’s Day last year my wife gave me several new handkerchiefs. And by now, neither of us can count the number of times her eyes have welled up at a movie, or, as happens, she’s needed to blow her nose. Yet not even my mother could have expected the hankie’s new role as an Essential Public Health Appliance. All of us have learnt how hard it is to follow advice from medical experts about not touching your face. Here is an answer. Use your hankie. In case of emergency, your handkerchief can become a DIY mask that can be pulled over your lower face like a robber entering a bank. So, my son has it right: Bring back the handkerchief. It may actually save a few lives. 65．Which of the following statements is TRUE about the author? A．He is born to be a writer. B．His mother expects him to become a real gentleman. C．He is an expert in making a DIY mask using handkerchiefs. D．His family have a habit of using handkerchiefs except his wife. 66．What does the underlined word  “quaint” in paragraph 4 probably mean? A．Shallow. B．Outdated. C．Popular. D．Healthy. 67．What do the younger generation think of the handkerchiefs? A．They are cool and fashionable. B．They are not convenient to use. C．They only come in handy during special times. D．They will be taken over by tissues sooner or later. 68．What is the tone of the author in the passage? A．Serious. B．Negative. C．Objective. D．Humorous. 主题04 人与社会——社会现象与社会问题 Passage 1 （24-25高一上·江苏南通通州·期中） “PLEASE DON’T KILL HIM” said Mrs. Reid with tears in her eyes. “I’m really sorry,” I said, hardly able to look at her. A nurse held her hand and tried to comfort her. “He’s been my entire world for 14 years, I don’t know what I’ll do without him,” she said with tears in her eyes. She wasn’t talking about a person. She was talking about Toby, her King Charles spaniel. Mrs. Reid had come into hospital after she’d fallen. She had Parkinson’s disease, meaning her ability to move was worsening. It was the second time she’d fallen in just a few weeks, and this time she’d broken her hip. While the hip had now been fixed, it was clear that she was too frail （脆弱的） to go home, and the social workers had arranged for her to go into a care home. A neighbor had been looking after Toby, but with Mrs. Reid no longer going home and as she had no family who could take him, it looked likely that he’d have to be killed. She was begging me to allow her home, but it was simply too dangerous. This situation is far from unique. Research has found that each year thousands of dogs are put down because their owners go into care homes. Over 100,000 have to be rehomed. Thankfully I spoke to a kindly social worker who eventually found a care home for Mrs. Reid that would allow her to take Toby with her. But these places are few. I think we need to seriously re-examine what’s happening here. It seems completely wrong. There is no doubt that we are a nation of animal lovers. Many of us consider our pets to be part of the family and there’s a fair few of us, I guess, that actually prefer our pets to a good number of people. Humans have a great ability to draw comfort and support from animals. For older people like Mrs. Reid, they are often the important source of companionship （陪伴） and about a quarter of old people have a pet. Yet when they come into hospital or a care home, they are denied this relationship. While the US, France, Norway and Switzerland all have laws forcing housing providers to accept pets belonging to elderly people, studies have shown that around 70 per cent of care homes in the UK forbid elderly people from bringing pets. This figure has risen in recent years and is likely to be due to increasing concerns around “health and safety”. However, research has concluded that they are “necessary to elderly people’s quality of life” and that having to move to care homes without their pets was psychologically similar to losing their family. It seems outrageous （可耻的） that care homes — whose purpose is to ensure the elderly people’s welfare （福利） — are able to deny them something which has proven clinical benefits for their health. 69．Who is Toby according to the passage? A．Mrs. Reid’s friend. B．Mrs. Reid’s son. C．Mrs. Reid’s dog. D．Mrs. Reid’s cat. 70．. What happened to Toby finally according to the author? A．Toby was killed by the government. B．Toby was taken back home by Mrs. Reid’s neighbor. C．Toby was sent away to somewhere far from Mrs. Reid. D．Toby was still staying with Mrs. Reid thanks to the author. 71．What does the underlined part mean in Paragraph 3? A．The relationship can last forever. B．They are provided with the relationship. C．The relationship is taken away from them. D．They are ensured of the relationship. 72．Why does the author write this passage? A．To tell a story about Mrs. Reid. B．To stress the importance of keeping pets. C．To draw readers’ attention to a social problem. D．To show the relationship between animals and humans. / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 专题03 阅读理解 议论文 主题01 人与自我——做人与做事 Passage 1 （24-25高一上·江苏宿迁泗阳·期中） Good afternoon, everyone, Today, I want to share with you the power of dreams. Dreams are not just figments （虚构） of our imagination; they are the seeds from which great achievements grow. They inspire us, motivate us and give our life purpose. In learning English, many of us may dream of fluency, the ability to communicate effortlessly with people from different cultures, or even the opportunity to study or work abroad. These dreams may seem distant or even unattainable （难到达的） sometimes, but it’s essential to remember that every dream begins with a belief in its possibility. Take the example of Malala Yousafzai, a young woman who dreamed of education for all, especially girls. Despite facing extreme difficulties, she never gave up on her dream. Her resilience （坚韧） and determination at last led to global recognition and the Nobel Peace Prize at the age of 17. Malala’s story teaches us that when we dare to dream and act upon those dreams, we can make a significant difference to the world. Similarly, as you struggle to improve your English skills, let your dreams be your guiding star, which will fuel your passion and keep you motivated through challenges. Remember, dreams require action to be realized. Practice consistently, seek opportunities for improvement, and don’t be afraid to make mistakes. Each step forward brings you closer to realizing your dream. In conclusion, value your dreams and pursue them with all your heart. The journey may be long and filled with obstacles （障碍）, but with firm determination and a belief in yourself, you can turn your dreams into reality. Thank you! 1．What does the author advise us to do? A．Stay away from distant dreams. B．Seize the chance to study abroad. C．Be brave enough to have big dreams. D．Struggle to speak English with fluency. 2．Why does the author mention Malala Yousafzai in the text? A．To highlight her contributions in girls’ education. B．To show the difficulties she met with in her work. C．To indicate she was a talented and determined woman. D．To emphasize we should have dreams and act on them. 3．What is the most important in realizing our dreams? A．Practical action. B．Vivid imagination. C．Valuable opportunity. D．Effective communication. 4．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．The Origin of Dreams. B．The Power of Dreams. C．The Journey of Dreams. D．The Realization of Dreams. 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．A 4．B 【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章主要探讨了梦想的力量，强调了梦想对于激发人们潜能、指引人生方向的重要性，并鼓励读者勇敢追梦，通过实际行动将梦想变为现实。 1．细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段“In conclusion, value your dreams and pursue them with all your heart.（总之，珍视你的梦想，并全心全意地追求它们。）”可知，作者鼓励读者要勇敢拥有大梦想。故选C。 2．推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Malala’s story teaches us that when we dare to dream and act upon those dreams, we can make a significant difference to the world.（马拉拉的故事告诉我们，当我们敢于梦想并付诸行动时，我们可以对世界产生重大影响。）”可知，作者提到马拉拉是为了强调我们应该有梦想，并且要勇敢地去实现它们。马拉拉的故事是一个生动的例子，展示了梦想和行动的力量。故选D。 3．细节理解题。根据文章第五段“Remember, dreams require action to be realized.（记住，梦想需要行动才能实现。）”可知，在实现梦想的过程中，最重要的因素是实际行动。故选A。 4．主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Today, I want to share with you the power of dreams.（今天，我想和大家分享梦想的力量。）”可知，整篇文章都围绕梦想这一主题展开，探讨了梦想的重要性、如何追求梦想以及梦想对人生的影响。因此，最适合的标题是“The Power of Dreams”（梦想的力量）。故选B。 Passage 2 （23-24高一上·江苏南京·期中） Ralph Emerson once said that the purpose of life is not to be happy, but to be useful, to be loving, to make some difference in the world. While we appreciate such words of wisdom, we seldom try to follow them in our lives. Most people prefer to live a good life themselves, ignoring their responsibilities for the world. This narrow perception of a good life may provide short-term benefits, but is sure to lead to long-term harm and suffering. A good life based on comfort and luxury may eventually lead to more pain because we spoil our health and even our character, principles, ideals, and relationships. What then, is the secret of a good life? A good life is a process, not a state of being: a direction, not a destination. We have to earn a good life by first serving others without any expectation in return because their happiness is the very source of our own happiness. More importantly, we must know ourselves inside out. Only when we examine ourselves deeply can we discover our abilities and recognize our limitations, and then work accordingly to create a better world. The first requirement for a good life is having a loving heart. When we do certain right things merely as a duty, we find our job so tiresome that we’ll soon burn out. However, when we do that same job out of love, we not only enjoy what we do, but also do it with an effortless feeling. However, love alone is insufficient to lead a good life. Love sometimes blinds us to the reality. Consequently, our good intentions may not lead to good results. To achieve desired outcome those who want to do good to others also need to equip themselves with accurate world knowledge. False knowledge is more dangerous than ignorance. If love is the engine of a car, knowledge is the steering wheel（方向盘）. If the engine lacks power, the car can’t move; if the driver loses control of the steering, a road accident probably occurs. Only with love in heart and the right knowledge in mind can we lead a good life. With love and knowledge, we go all out to create a better world by doing good to others. When we see the impact of our good work on the world, we give meaning to our life and earn lasting joy and happiness. 5．What effect does the narrow perception of a good life have on us? A．Making us simple-minded B．Making us short-sighted. C．Leading us onto a busy road. D．Keeping us from comfort and luxury. 6．According to the author, how can one gain true happiness? A．Through maintaining good health. B．By going through pain and suffering. C．By recognizing one’s abilities and limitations. D．Through offering help much needed by others. 7．In what case may good intentions fail to lead to desired results? A．When we have wrong knowledge of the world. B．When our love for the world is insufficient. C．When we are insensitive to dangers in life. D．When we stay blind to the reality. 8．According to Paragraph5, life can be made truly good when ______. A．inspired by love and guided by knowledge B．directed by love and pushed by knowledge C．purified by love and enriched by knowledge D．promoted by love and defined by knowledge 【答案】5．B 6．D 7．A 8．A 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要论述了美好生活的秘诀是什么。人生的目的不是生而快乐，而是生而有益。 5．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“This narrow perception of a good life may provide short-term benefits, but is sure to lead to long-term harm and suffering.（这种对美好生活的狭隘看法可能会带来短期的好处，但肯定会导致长期的伤害和痛苦）”可知，对美好生活的狭隘看法只能给我们带来短期的好处，所以时间长了会让我们目光短浅、短视。故选B项。 6．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“We have to earn a good life by first serving others without any expectation in return because their happiness is the very source of our own happiness.（我们必须先为他人服务而不求回报，因为他人的幸福是我们自己幸福的源泉）”可知，我们能够从帮助他人获得真正的幸福。故选D项。 7．推理判断题。根据文章第五段“False knowledge is more dangerous than ignorance.（虚假的知识比无知更危险）”可以推测出，当我们对世界有错误的认识的时候，就算意图良好，也可能导致不好的、违背预期的结局。故选A项。 8．细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“With love and knowledge, we go all out to create a better world by doing good to others.（带着爱和知识，我们全力以赴，通过对他人做好事来创造一个更美好的世界）”可知，有爱和知识，生活就会变得更美好。故选A项。 主题02 人与社会——社会问题与社会现象 Passage 1 （23-24高一上·江苏南京外国语·期中） During the school year, Kacer works about 10 hours a week, juggling his job with school and cheerleading practice. But he hopes to pick up more shifts （轮班） this summer to earn extra spending money and to help his family save for his college tuition. Across the country, lawmakers are supporting new legislation （立法） that would allow teens like Kacer to do just that — by loosening some child labor protections at the state level. Ohio and other states, for example, have proposed bills that would permit teens — with their parents’ permission — to work later at night, even on school days. In some states, such as Iowa and Minnesota, legislation would allow teens to take jobs in a wider range of industries, including construction. As businesses started reopening after the global crisis, many adults left low-wage jobs for better-paying ones. “Adult workers no longer want this crazy low-wage service job that has a ludicrous （荒唐的） schedule, few benefits, and rude customers,” Alicia Sasser Modestino, a labor expert who studies the youth workforce, told reporters, “so employers suddenly turned to youth.” Some experts say there are benefits to increasing work opportunities for young people. For starters, many teens must work in order to help their families make ends meet. A recent study also found that students with part-time jobs are more likely to earn higher wages in the future compared with classmates who don’t work. Plus, experts add, working teens are likely to spend more, which helps the economy. In addition, having a job instills responsibility in teens and could even lead to an eventual career. But critics of changing the laws worry that doing so could put kids in danger. They say teens working later at night raises safety concerns, such as how they will get home. And, they add, some jobs that lawmakers want to open to teens could put young people at risk of injury or death. Charlie Wishman, president of the Iowa Federation of Labor, is against his state’s bill that would allow some teens to work in manufacturing （制造业） and meatpacking facilities. “Child labor should be limited and safe,” he told reporters. “Let kids be kids. There are plenty of job opportunities right now for kids to gain experience and learn responsibility without putting them in danger.” In addition, some parents and educators worry that if teens devote more time to work, their education will suffer. Research shows that working more than 20 hours a week during the school year can tire young people out and leave less time for studying. While states continue to debate changing their child labor laws, there is one thing that many people agree on: The country’s labor shortage, they say, could be largely solved if more employers offered better pay and benefits to adults. 9．What is the article mainly about? A．Whether Kacer should pick up more shifts this summer. B．How to solve labor shortage in manufacturing industry. C．Whether youth should be given more job opportunities. D．Why people disagree with changing the child labor laws. 10．Why do employers hire more teenagers after the global crisis? A．Because teenagers need to work to save money for further study. B．Because economic recovery creates new jobs suitable for teenagers. C．Because young employees can better cope with rude customers. D．Because adults turn to higher-paying jobs with better environment. 11．Which statement is NOT TRUE according to Paragraph 4? A．Teens without work may earn less than their peers in the future. B．Working teens contribute to economic growth by saving wages. C．Young people can help support their families through working. D．Teenagers can learn to be responsible from working experience. 12．Which harmful effect of allowing teenagers to work more is NOT mentioned in Paragraph 5? A．Heavy work will leave students little time to explore interests. B．Going home late after work will pose a risk to kids’ safety. C．Students will gain working experience at the cost of study. D．Teenagers can get injured in dangerous work environment. 【答案】9．C 10．D 11．B 12．A 【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章主要讲立法者正在为年轻人更多的工作机会，并就其利与弊进行了讨论。 9．主旨大意题。由文章第二段“Across the country, lawmakers are supporting new legislation （立法） that would allow teens like Kacer to do just that --- by loosening some child labor protections at the state level. （在全国范围内，立法者正在支持新的立法，允许像Kacer这样的青少年这样做——通过放松州一级的一些童工保护。）”、第四段“Some experts say there are benefits to increasing work opportunities for young people. （一些专家表示，增加年轻人的工作机会是有好处的。）”和第五段“But critics of changing the laws worry that doing so could put kids in danger. （但修改法律的批评者担心，这样做可能会让孩子们处于危险之中。）”可知，文章主要就是否应该给年轻人更多的工作机会进行讨论分析。故选C项。 10．细节理解题。由文章第三段“‘Adult workers no longer want this crazy low-wage service job that has a ludicrous （荒唐的） schedule, few benefits, and rude customers,’ Alicia Sasser Modestino, a labor expert who studies the youth workforce, told reporters, ‘so employers suddenly turned to youth.’（研究青年劳动力的劳工专家Alicia Sasser Modestino告诉记者：‘成年工人不再想要这份疯狂的低薪服务工作，这份工作日程安排荒谬，福利少，顾客粗鲁，所以雇主突然转向了年轻人。’）”可知，全球危机后，雇主雇佣了更多的青少年，因为成年人转向了环境更好、薪水更高的工作。故选D项。 11．细节理解题。由文章第四段“Plus, experts add, working teens are likely to spend more, which helps the economy.（此外，专家补充说，有工作的青少年可能会花更多的钱，这有助于经济。）”可知，这里讲青少年花钱有助于经济而不是节约钱有助于经济。所以B项Working teens contribute to economic growth by saving wages.（工作的青少年通过节省工资为经济增长做出了贡献。）与文意不符合。故选B项。 12．细节理解题。由文章第五段“But critics of changing the laws worry that doing so could put kids in danger. They say teens working later at night raises safety concerns, such as how they will get home. And, they add, some jobs that lawmakers want to open to teens could put young people at risk of injury or death. （但修改法律的批评者担心，这样做可能会让孩子们处于危险之中。他们说，青少年在深夜工作会引发安全问题，比如他们将如何回家。他们补充说，立法者希望向青少年开放的一些工作可能会使年轻人面临受伤或死亡的风险。）”可知，B、D项本段有所提及，再由“In addition, some parents and educators worry that if teens devote more time to work, their education will suffer. Research shows that working more than 20 hours a week during the school year can tire young people out and leave less time for studying.（此外，一些家长和教育工作者担心，如果青少年投入更多时间工作，他们的教育将受到影响。研究表明，在学年期间每周工作超过20小时会让年轻人疲惫不堪，留下更少的学习时间。）”可知，C项本段也有所提及，而A项Heavy work will leave students little time to explore interests.（繁重的工作会让学生几乎没有时间探索兴趣。）本段未提及。故选A项。 Passage 2 （23-24高一上·江苏南京金陵河西中学·期中） MADRID — What is it that makes people happy? Youth, health, a good job, good looks, a flashy car? None of these things, Spanish experts say. The concept of happiness is coming under increasingly close examination in Spain. As the nation rises to the club of the world’s wealthiest countries, people are discovering that material things do not bring happiness. “Most people use money as a measure of human value,” says Jesus Yn-fante, author of a book on Spain’s 300 Biggest Fortunes. “Expensive Products are regarded as the best. The rich are admired simply for being rich,” Yn-fante said. Yet psychologists （心理学家） warn that happiness cannot be bought. They advise people to look for it in human relations and in the small pleasures of everyday life. Many people regard happiness as moment of ecstatic pleasure （狂喜） — something that, by definition, cannot last — while others speak of it as peace and acceptance of oneself. Polls （问卷调查） in different countries indicate that between 65 and 85 percent of the world’s population regard themselves as reasonably happy. Around 40 percent of a person’s happiness is thought to be determined by genetics （遗传）, while the rest depends on childhood environment and the process of growing up. Perhaps the most surprising thing about happiness is that it has little to do with age, health, wealth, or other values thought to be important in western society. For most Spaniards, happiness is linked with feeling close to other people. Happy people accept their limitations and set themselves reachable goals, experts say. There are lifestyle choices which favour happiness, such as exercise, eating carbohydrates （含碳水化合物的食物） and exposing oneself to sunlight. But the main secret of happiness is to take pleasure in small things. “If you are given a choice between eternal （永久的） happiness and cheese sandwich, take the sandwich,” advises musician Julian Hernandez. 13．Spain, as this passage tells us, ________________. A．has built more clubs than the other countries B．has owned the largest group of experts C．has become one of the richest countries in the world D．has produced the most wealth in the world 14．As psychologists warn in this passage, people can’t feel happy even if they ________________. A．have much money B．only care about themselves C．Don’t do any homework D．have a few relations 15．Happy people, as we can find in this passage, ________________. A．are always full of feelings B．are always born in rich families C．always enjoy every achievement they get D．always look down upon themselves 16．What Julian Hernandez advises at the end of this passage suggests that ________________. A．he is not a happy musician B．he is leading a hard life C．he doesn’t agree to the idea in this passage D．he is humorous 【答案】13．C 14．A 15．C 16．D 【导语】本文是一篇议论文，文章主要讲述了物质的东西并不能给人带来幸福以及影响幸福的因素。 13．细节理解题。根据第二段的“As the nation rises to the club of the world’s wealthiest countries, people are discovering that material things do not bring happiness.（随着这个国家跻身世界上最富有的国家之列，人们发现物质上的东西并不能带来幸福。）”可知，西班牙已经是世界上最富有的国家之一。故选C。 14．细节理解题。根据第三段的“Yet psychologists warn that happiness cannot be bought. They advise people to look for it in human relations and in the small pleasures of everyday life.（然而，心理学家警告说，幸福是买不到的。他们建议人们在人际关系和日常生活中的小快乐中寻找幸福。）”可知，幸福是买不到的，即使人们有许多钱也不可能感到幸福。故选A。 15．推理判断题。根据倒数第三段的“Happy people accept their limitations and set themselves reachable goals, experts say.（专家说，快乐的人接受他们的局限，并为自己设定可达到的目标。）”可知，快乐的人接受自己的不足，设定可以达到的目标，因此推断他们总是享受他们获得的每一个成就。故选C。 16．推理判断题。根据最后两段的“But the main secret of happiness is to take pleasure in small things. If you are given a choice between eternal happiness and cheese sandwich, take the sandwich.（但幸福的主要秘诀是从小事中获得快乐。如果让在永恒的幸福和奶酪三明治之间做选择，那就选择三明治吧。）”可知，音乐家朱利安·埃尔南德斯的建议表明了他在幽默诠释幸福的秘诀。故选D。 主题03 人与自我——健康 Passage 1 （23-24高一上·江苏响水中学·期中） Is looking fashionable more important than being comfortable? Many people seem to think so, judging （判断） by the things they wear. But fashion is not everything. It is more important to be a healthy and good person. People go to great lengths to be fashionable. Some people think they have to have a certain body type, so they go on extreme, unhealthy diets in order to change their bodies. In addition, many women wear uncomfortable fashions, such as high-heeled shoes that cause pain to their feet, and tight body shapers that limit blood flow. Men and women alike spend time and money on products that change their natural hair color or hairstyle. Some people even spend several hours a day in front of a mirror. Is fashion so important that people spend so much time and effort changing what they look like? If the purpose of fashion is to make a person feel good, it does not make sense that he or she would go through so much discomfort to be fashionable. Fashion should not come first. People should put their health and positive image in the first place. What people wear does not say anything about their personalities. Instead of spending hours choosing a dress, perhaps you should call your friends and do something together, such as playing soccer or badminton. Instead of going on strict diets and forcing yourself to stay hungry, why not eat some healthy foods and then exercise? By doing these things, you can keep a healthy lifestyle and truly grow as a person. 17．Why does the author include a question in the first paragraph? A．To enrich the content. B．To introduce a new topic. C．To present different ideas. D．To encourage readers to doubt. 18．What is paragraph 2 mainly about? A．The fact about fashion industry. B．Reasons why fashion is important. C．The price to pay for being fashionable. D．Products popular with fashion followers. 19．Which of the following activities would the author most likely recommend? A．Going skiing with friends. B．Starting a new diet with a friend. C．Changing hairstyles every week. D．Shopping for fashionable clothes. 20．What is the author’s main purpose in writing the text? A．To introduce the latest fashion trends. B．To tell readers how to remain fashionable. C．To advise readers to value health over fashion. D．To show readers advantages and disadvantages of dieting. 【答案】17．B 18．C 19．A 20．C 【导语】这是一篇议论文。人们不遗余力地追求时尚，但忽视了健康和舒适，本文认为健康更重要。 17.推理判断题。根据第一段“Is looking fashionable more important than being comfortable? Many people seem to think so, judging （判断） by the things they wear. But fashion is not everything. It is more important to be a healthy and good person.（时尚的外表是否比舒适更重要？从人们的穿着来看，许多人似乎这么认为。但时尚并非一切。成为一个健康和感觉好的人更为重要。）”可知第一段提出问题后，直接引出了“It is more important to be a healthy and good person.（成为一个健康和感觉好的人更为重要）”这一话题，可知，第一段提出问题的目的是引出新的话题，故选B项。 18．主旨大意题。根据第二段“People go to great lengths to be fashionable. Some people think they have to have a certain body type, so they go on extreme, unhealthy diets in order to change their bodies. In addition, many women wear uncomfortable fashions, such as high-heeled shoes that cause pain to their feet, and tight body shapers that limit blood flow.（为了追求时尚，人们会付出巨大的努力。有些人认为他们必须拥有某种特定的身材，因此他们会进行极端的、不健康的饮食来改变自己的体型。此外，许多女性穿着不舒服的时尚，比如高跟鞋会导致脚部疼痛，紧身塑身器会限制血液流动。）”可知本段主要讲的是时尚的代价，故选C项。 19．推理判断题。根据最后一段“Instead of spending hours choosing a dress, perhaps you should call your friends and do something together, such as playing soccer or badminton. Instead of going on strict diets and forcing yourself to stay hungry, why not eat some healthy foods and then exercise? By doing these things, you can keep a healthy lifestyle and truly grow as a person.（与其花费数小时挑选衣服，不如给朋友们打电话，一起做些活动，如踢足球或打羽毛球。与其进行严格的节食让自己挨饿，为什么不吃一些健康的食物然后进行锻炼呢？通过这些方式，你可以保持健康的生活方式，真正地成长为一个更好的人）”可知作者推荐的是多锻炼身体，A项“Going skiing with friends（和朋友一起去滑雪）”表达的含义符合语境，故选A项。 20．推理判断题。根据第一段“Is looking fashionable more important than being comfortable?( 时尚的外表是否比舒适更重要？）”、“It is more important to be a healthy and good person.（成为一个健康和感觉好的人更为重要）”、最后一段“If the purpose of fashion is to make a person feel good, it does not make sense that he or she would go through so much discomfort to be fashionable.（如果时尚的目的是让一个人感觉良好，那么他或她为了时尚而经历如此多的不适是没有意义的。）”以及“Instead of going on strict diets and forcing yourself to stay hungry, why not eat some healthy foods and then exercise? By doing these things, you can keep a healthy lifestyle and truly grow as a person.（与其进行严格的节食让自己挨饿，为什么不吃一些健康的食物然后进行锻炼呢？通过这些方式，你可以保持健康的生活方式，真正地成长为一个更好的人）”可推理出，作者写这篇文章的目的是建议读者重视健康而非时尚，故选C项。 Passage 2 （24-25高一上·江苏盐城·期中） What are the limits of the human body? Is there a point at which it is physically impossible to do something? “One thing we’ve all learned in the last 30 years or so is that just about anything is humanly possible,” says Dr. Jack Wilmore, author of Physiology （生理学） of Sport and Exercise. “As time goes by, I think you’ll see more records continue to fall in every sport. The talent pool is better than ever. With more and better athletes involved and competing, records will fall and new standards will be set.” Many believed it was physically impossible for a human to run a mile in under four minutes, but Roger Bannister proved that theory wrong with a three-minute, 59-second mile in 1954. Today, sub-four-minute miles are considered routine even in high school. And Bob Beamon stretched human performance in the 1968 Olympics with his historic long jump of 8.90 metres. In an event where a record is usually broken by mere inches, he broke the previous jump record by more than 21 inches, but even his record was broken in 1991. One factor is now becoming more understood and popular: sports psychology （心理学）. Getting inside the athlete’s head can be as effective as training and long workouts. According to Wilmore, the psychological aspect of sports has become more and more esteemed. He points out that most professional teams have hired （聘用） sports psychologists for their players. In addition, every aspect of athletics — training, nutrition, injury treatment — is far better than it’s ever been. “Besides, children today tend to master one or two sports instead of participating in several as was common twenty-five years ago,” Wilmore says. “That means they start concentrating on a sport much earlier and more intensely （密集地）, and they become much better at it.” “There’s a lot we don’t know yet about the human body,” he adds. “And one of those things is the full range of human potential. It would be foolish to try and put limits on what the human body can do.” 21．Which of the following sentences will Wilmore probably agree with? A．Athletes will become the most famous people. B．Athletes will continue to surprise us with their achievements. C．It is preferable to set universal standards for athletes. D．It is necessary for athletes to learn the limits of the body. 22．Why are Roger Bannister and Bob Beamon mentioned in paragraph 3? A．To show some of the latest world records. B．To explain what athletes can achieve under stress. C．To introduce two great athletes. D．To prove the limits of the body can be pushed. 23．What does the underlined word “esteemed” in paragraph 4 mean? A．valued B．similar C．traditional D．difficult 24．How are today’s children different from those years ago according to Wilmore? A．They are less likely to get injured in sports. B．They participate in far more sports. C．They become more professional at one particular sport. D．They begin playing sports at a much earlier age. 【答案】21．B 22．D 23．A 24．C 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要探讨了人类身体极限的挑战与突破，强调心理因素和训练的重要性。 21．推理判断题。由文章第二段中“As time goes by, I think you’ll see more records continue to fall in every sport. （随着时间的推移，我认为你会看到每项运动的纪录都会不断被打破。）”和第三段中“Many believed it was physically impossible for a human to run a mile in under four minutes, but Roger Bannister proved that theory wrong with a three-minute, 59-second mile in 1954. Today, sub-four-minute miles are considered routine even in high school. （许多人曾认为，人类不可能在四分钟以内跑完一英里，但Roger Bannister在1954年以3分59秒的成绩打破了这一理论。如今，即使在中学里，跑进四分钟以内也被视为稀松平常。）”可知，Wilmore可能会同意“运动员将继续用他们的成就让我们感到惊讶”这一观点。故选B。 22．推理判断题。由文章第三段“Many believed it was physically impossible for a human to run a mile in under four minutes, but Roger Bannister proved that theory wrong with a three-minute, 59-second mile in 1954. Today, sub-four-minute miles are considered routine even in high school. And Bob Beamon stretched human performance in the 1968 Olympics with his historic long jump of 8.90 metres. In an event where a record is usually broken by mere inches, he broke the previous jump record by more than 21 inches, but even his record was broken in 1991. （许多人曾认为，人类不可能在四分钟以内跑完一英里，但Roger Bannister在1954年以3分59秒的成绩打破了这一理论。如今，即使在中学里，跑进四分钟以内也被视为稀松平常。而在1968年奥运会上，Bob Beamon以8.90米的成绩刷新了跳远历史纪录。在一项纪录通常只以几英寸之差被打破的运动中，他比之前的跳远纪录提高了21英寸多，但他的纪录也在1991年被打破。）”可知，Roger Bannister和Bob Beamon分别打破了人类跑步和跳远的极限，证明了人体的极限是可以被挑战的。因此，他们被提及是为了证明人体的极限可以被推动。故选D。 23．词句猜测题。由文章第四段中“According to Wilmore, the psychological aspect of sports has become more and more esteemed. He points out that most professional teams have hired （聘用） sports psychologists for their players. (Wilmore认为，体育运动的心理层面越来越esteemed。他指出，大多数职业运动队都为他们的运动员聘请了运动心理学家。）”可知，大多数职业球队都为他们的球员聘请了运动心理学家，因此Wilmore认为体育的心理方面变得越来越受重视，esteemed在此处的意思是“重视”，与A项valued“重视”意思相符。故选A。 24．细节理解题。由文章第五段中““Besides, children today tend to master one or two sports instead of participating in several as was common twenty-five years ago,” Wilmore says. “That means they start concentrating on a sport much earlier and more intensely （密集地）, and they become much better at it.” （“此外，如今的孩子往往只擅长一或两项运动，而不是像25年前那样普遍参与多项运动，”Wilmore说，“这意味着他们开始更早、更专注地投入到某项运动中，并在这项运动中变得更加出色。”）”可知，现在的孩子们在某一特定运动上变得更加专业。故选C。 主题04 人与自我——生活与学习 Passage 1 （23-24高一上·江苏泰州中学·期中） We’re always encouraging students to read fiction （小说）. We push them towards the library doors, wave the latest David Walliams bestsellers in their faces and catch them in the passage suggesting they read the latest novels. But do we ever point them in the direction of newspaper websites, travel guides or historical reports? The ability to read and write isn’t just about how often students pick up books; it’s also about the types of texts they read. And that should mean as much non-fiction as fiction. This does present challenges, as Doug Lemov said in Reading Reconsidered, “Understanding non-fiction needs a strong base of knowledge, but reading non-fiction is also one of the primary ways such a base of knowledge is built.” This is why we must introduce non-fiction to children from an early age. The more non-fiction young people read in school, with the guidance of teachers, the more chances they will have to build up a large store of background knowledge to help them understand more difficult texts later on. To do this, we must give more lesson time to non-fiction. Every teacher in every subject also needs to take responsibility for this. Reading has something to do with all subjects, all of which come with their own reading difficulties. Lemov suggests students should be given the chance to read more than one text on any given topic. So, when learning about the Battle of Waterloo in history, why not read some articles about the event? And when studying Dickens in English, why not read it alongside some parts chosen from his own Sketches by Boz? For non-fiction to be most helpful for students, it should be as undiluted as possible. Texts should keep their non-fiction features （特点） and difficult words should not be taken away to create a simpler text. In fact, non-fiction is one of the best ways to make students learn difficult words. It is also easy to find a huge number of non-fiction texts online. You can even share sources with students. This is especially important for those students going into higher education. 25．The author raises the question in Paragraph 3 to ______. A．compare different ideas B．doubt a common practice C．show the necessity of reading D．question why students read fiction 26．Why should teachers spend more lesson time on non-fiction? A．To increase students’ understanding. B．To get students to study independently. C．To find excellent students. D．To make lessons changeable. 27．What does Lemov suggest teachers in every subject do to help students? A．Teach them to learn from history. B．Help them with reading difficulties. C．Encourage them to read related articles. D．Share stories of famous people with them. 28．What does the underlined word “undiluted” in the last but one paragraph mean? A．Easy. B．Popular. C．Unexpected. D．Unchanged. 【答案】25．B 26．A 27．C 28．D 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。主要介绍的是作者鼓励学生阅读非小说类作品，建议老师给学生提供真实的语篇，同时与学生分享这类语篇的线上资源。 25．推理判断题。根据首段“We’re always encouraging students to read fiction （小说）. （我们总是鼓励学生读小说。）”和第二段“We push them towards the library doors, wave the latest David Walliams bestsellers in their faces and catch them in the passage suggesting they read the latest novels. （我们把他们推到图书馆门口，在他们面前挥舞David williams最新的畅销书，在他们读书的时候抓住他们，建议他们读最新的小说。）”可知，我们总是在鼓励学生读小说，而第四段中的“The ability to read and write isn’t just about how often students pick up books; it’s also about the types of texts they read. And that should mean as much non-fiction as fiction.  （阅读和写作的能力不仅仅取决于学生拿起书的频率；这也与他们阅读的文本类型有关。这意味着小说和非小说的数量应该一样多。）”可知，作者认为学生的阅读和写作能力与他们阅读的类型有关，说明看小说和非小说的数量应该是一样多，由此可知，作者在第三段提出问题“但我们有没有把他们引向报纸网站、旅游指南或历史报告呢？”是质疑我们通常只鼓励学生阅读小说的做法。故选B项。 26．推理判断题。根据第五段中“This does present challenges, as Doug Lemov said in Reading Reconsidered, “Understanding non-fiction needs a strong base of knowledge, but reading non-fiction is also one of the primary ways such a base of knowledge is built.” （这确实带来了挑战，正如Doug Lemov在《重新思考阅读》中所说的那样，“理解非小说需要坚实的知识基础，但阅读非小说也是建立这种知识基础的主要方式之一。”）”可知，Doug Lemov认为理解非小说需要坚实的知识基础，而阅读非小说是建立这种知识基础的主要方式之一，结合第六段中的“The more non-fiction young people read in school, with the guidance of teachers, the more chances they will have to build up a large store of background knowledge to help them understand more difficult texts later on. （在老师的指导下，年轻人在学校读的非小说类书籍越多，他们就越有可能积累大量的背景知识，以帮助他们以后理解更难的文本。）”可知，阅读非小说类作品能增加学生的知识储量，有助于他们以后理解更难的文章，所以教师应该在上课时让学生读这类作品。故选A项。 27．细节理解题。根据倒数第三段中的“Lemov suggests students should be given the chance to read more than one text on any given topic.(Lemov建议学生应该有机会阅读任何给定主题的多篇文章。）”可知，Lemov建议让学生多阅读与任何给定的主题相关的文章。故选C项。 28．词句猜测题。根据划线单词后的“Texts should keep their non-fiction features （特点） and difficult words should not be taken away to create a simpler text. （文本应该保持其非虚构的特征，不应该把难懂的单词去掉，以创造一个更简单的文本。）”可知，要让非小说类作品最有利于学生，就应该保留其写作特点，且不能为了让作品变得易懂而删掉难以理解的词汇，由此推断，作者认为应尽可能不要改动原作，所以划线单词的意思与“不要改动”意思相近。故选D项。 主题03 人与社会——社会现象与社会问题 Passage 1 （23-24高一上·江苏连云港·期中） As a result of trade, travel and migration, different cuisines have spread across the world. Many recipes, chefs and restaurants try to announce that their food of a country or region is the most authentic （正宗的）. But is this a good thing? People care about authenticity because food traditions are closely linked to identity （身份）, particularly for migrant communities. Sociologist and professor of food studies, Krishnendu Ray, explains that home cooking is often the last way that communities can show their identity. British celebrity chef Jamie Oliver was accused of trying to take advantage of positive feelings about Jamaica. His ready meal product had a Jamaican name, but was unlike real Jamaican cooking. However, food consultant Sara Kay asks whether there are problems with the idea of authenticity. She stresses that these ideas often come from the expectations that majority cultures have about minority cultures and their food. These can be restricting （限制的） — restaurateurs have complained that people expect Asian food to be cheaper than that from European cultures. Expectations can also give people a false idea of what is authentic. While large cities are full of eateries representing different countries — China, India, Italy, Mexico and more — these labels can oversimplify the reality of food from these countries. Stephanie Elizondo Greist is surprised by the recognition（认识） that foods in Mexico are more authentic than what she ate growing up as a Mexican-American in Texas, because she feels that both are authentic examples of Mexican food. A more controversial （有争议的） view of authenticity was stated by American Chef Andrew Zimmern, who claimed that he could bring in Chinese dishes in a more authentic way than existing restaurants — many of which are owned by Chinese-Americans. Writer and food podcaster Ruth Tam points out that while these restaurants altered their menus to suit local tastes, so does Zimmern. So, while food and identity are closely linked, and failure to respect authenticity can cause offence, could there be problems with the whole idea of authenticity? 29．Which of the following factors causes people to care about authenticity? A．Taste. B．Tradition. C．Culture. D．Identity. 30．What is the main idea of paragraph 3? A．Eateries in different countries contribute to the authentic problem. B．Expectation about authenticity may cause problems. C．Asian food is cheaper than European food. D．You can enjoy the traditional taste of Mexican food both in Mexico and America. 31．Which statement might Stephanie Elizondo Greist agree with? A．There can be only one authentic taste in a country. B．What she eats in Texas means nothing to her. C．Every person can have his or her own recognition of authenticity. D．The regional specialities （特色菜） should be the same in a country. 32．The underlined word “altered” has the similar meaning with ________. A．changed B．kept C．tricked D．pressed 【答案】29．A 30．B 31．C 32．A 【导语】这是一篇议论文。主要介绍了由于贸易、旅行和移民，不同的美食在世界各地传播开来。许多食谱、厨师和餐馆试图宣称他们的食物是一个国家或地区最正宗的。但这是一件好事吗？文章由此话题，展开了讨论。 29．细节理解题。根据第一段中“Many recipes, chefs and restaurants try to announce that their food of a country or region is the most authentic （正宗的）. But is this a good thing?”（许多食谱、厨师和餐馆试图宣称他们的食物是一个国家或地区最正宗的。但这是一件好事吗？）以及第二段中“People care about authenticity because food traditions are closely linked to identity （身份）, particularly for migrant communities.”（人们关心食物的正宗性，因为食物传统与身份密切相关，尤其是对移民社区而言。）可知，食物的味道导致人们关心它的正宗和真实性。故选A项。 30．主旨大意题。根据第三段中“She stresses that these ideas often come from the expectations that majority cultures have about minority cultures and their food. These can be restricting（限制的） — restaurateurs have complained that people expect Asian food to be cheaper than that from European cultures. Expectations can also give people a false idea of what is authentic. While large cities are full of eateries representing different countries — China, India, Italy, Mexico and more — these labels can oversimplify the reality of food from these countries.”（她强调，这些想法往往来自多数文化对少数文化和他们的食物的期望。这可能是有限制的——餐馆老板抱怨说，人们认为亚洲食物比欧洲食物便宜。期望也会让人们对什么是真实的产生错误的想法。虽然大城市里到处都是代表不同国家的餐馆——中国、印度、意大利、墨西哥等等——但这些标签可能会过度简化这些国家食物的现实。）可知，第三段的主旨是对食物真实性的期望可能会产生问题。故选B项。 31．推理判断题。根据第三段中“Stephanie Elizondo Greist is surprised by the recognition（认识） that foods in Mexico are more authentic than what she ate growing up as a Mexican-American in Texas, because she feels that both are authentic examples of Mexican food.”（斯蒂芬妮·埃利桑多·格雷斯特对墨西哥食物比她在德克萨斯州长大的墨西哥裔美国人吃的食物更地道的认识感到惊讶，因为她觉得两者都是地道的墨西哥食物。）可推知，斯蒂芬妮·埃利桑多·格雷斯特可能会同意的说法是每个人都可以有他或她自己对真实性的认识。故选C项。 32．词义猜测题。根据划线单词句中“…to suit local tastes, so does Zimmern.”（以适应当地人的口味，齐默尔恩也是如此。）以及下文“So, while food and identity are closely linked, and failure to respect authenticity can cause offence, could there be problems with the whole idea of authenticity?”（因此，虽然食物和身份本质密切相关，不尊重真实性可能会引起冒犯，但整个真实性的概念是否存在问题？）由此可知，此处为这些餐馆改变了菜单以适应当地人的口味。故可猜测划线单词altered为“改变”的意思，结合选项A项changed“改变”意思一致。故选A项。 Passage 2 （23-24高一上·江苏联盟校·期中） The COVID-19 pandemic began in late 2019 and for the best part of two years, children were forced to learn at home, staring at computers. As they start the 2023-24 school year, a terrifying proportion still seem barely to be back. According to a study published in early August, in the 2021-22 academic year 28% of schoolchildren missed at least three and a half weeks of school. The study, conducted by Thomas Dee, an education professor at Stanford University, found that “chronic （长期的） absenteeism”, defined as when a pupil misses 10% of the school year, almost doubled overall between 2018-19 and 2021-22. In Alaska, nearly half of all pupils missed enough school to be counted. Explaining this is tricky. Students skip school for many reasons: lack of transport, poverty, the weather. But these are unlikely to have worsened recently. A more reasonable explanation for the lasting rise is that, having experienced remote learning, some students — and perhaps their parents — no longer think it necessary or even worthwhile to sit in a classroom. “It’s the same thing as in the workplace,” says a teacher in New Orleans. “Once you’ve gone down to only being there two or three days a week, coming back all five is hard.” Attending school in person is important. Studies show that children who skip more school get significantly worse grades. One published by the Institute of Labour Economics by three American academics found that missing ten maths classes reduced the chance of a high school student graduating on time by 8%. Schools also connect pupils to important services. In Baltimore, schoolchildren can get free meals or be fitted for glasses through school, and their parents can be hooked up with social services. Educators can also spot if a child is being ill-treated or neglected. Pupils develop social skills in school, take part in after-school programmes and learn sports. There are few easy fixes, though some look for them. Chicago Collegiate is encouraging attendance by giving pupils individual rewards and by holding class pizza parties. In Baltimore, Mayor Brandon Scott plans to award the school with the most improved attendance rate. Most teachers, however, are simply trying to adapt. “Our youngsters, the competition for their attention has never been more difficult,” sighs a teacher in a New York City middle school. The challenge, he says, is to “attract kids to school”. 33．What’s the real reason for the rise in chronic absenteeism after the pandemic? A．Economic challenges. B．Worsening transportation. C．Online learning experience. D．Irresponsible school teachers. 34．Which of the following is NOT the benefit of attending school in person? A．It lowers the risk of falling ill. B．It improves academic performance. C．It offers access to important services. D．It promotes the development of social skills. 35．What does the underlined word “fixes” in Paragraph 5 mean? A．Effects. B．Origins. C．Responses. D．Solutions. 36．What is the main idea of the passage? A．Various measures have been taken to improve school attendance. B．In-person attendance at school is beneficial to students’ development. C．Chronic absenteeism in schools saw a significant rise after the pandemic. D．Online learning is gaining in popularity among students and parents. 【答案】33．C 34．A 35．D 36．C 【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章主要讲述了新冠过后，学生旷课率大幅度上升，并分析了原因。 33．细节理解题。根据第三段“A more reasonable explanation for the lasting rise is that, having experienced remote learning, some students — and perhaps their parents—no longer think it necessary or even worthwhile to sit in a classroom.（持续上涨的一个更合理的解释是经历过远程学习，一些学生——可能还有他们的父母——不再认为坐在教室里上课是必要的，甚至是值得的）”可知，长期不到校上课的现象持续上涨的真正原因是之前的在线学习经历让他们觉得坐在教室里上课是不必要的或者是不值得的。故选C。 34．细节理解题。根据第四段第二句“Studies show that children who skip more school get significantly worse grades（研究表明逃学次数越多的孩子成绩越差）”和第四句“Schools also connect pupils to important services.（学校还将学生与重要的服务联系起来）”以及倒数第一句“Pupils develop social skills in school, take part in after-school programmes and learn sports.（学生在学校可以培养社交技能，参加课外活动以及学习体育）”可知，选项B. It improves academic performance.（它能提高学习成绩）；选项C. It offers access to important services.（它能提供重要的服务）；选项D. It promotes the development of social skills.（它能培养社交技能）是到校上课的好处，而选项A. It lowers the risk of falling ill.（它降低患病的风险）不是到校上课的好处。故选A。 35．词句猜测题。根据第五段“There are few easy fixes, though some look for them. Chicago Collegiate is encouraging attendance by giving pupils individual rewards and by holding class pizza parties.（几乎没有简单的 fixes，虽然有些地方在寻找。芝加哥大学通过给学生个人奖励和举办班级披萨派对来鼓励出勤）”可知，此处fixes指的是解决方法。故选D。 36．主旨大意题。根据第一段“The COVID-19 pandemic began in late 2019 and for the best part of two years, children were forced to learn at home, staring at computers. As they start the 2023-24 school year, a terrifying proportion still seem barely to be back.（冠状病毒流行病开始于2019年末，持续了两年中的大部分时间，孩子们被迫盯着电脑，在家学习。当他们开始2023到2024学年时，一个可怕的比例似乎仍然几乎没有回来）”以及第二段第一句“According to a study published in early August, in the 2021-22 academic year 28% of schoolchildren missed at least three and a half weeks of school. The study, conducted by Thomas Dee, an education professor at Stanford University, found that “chronic （长期的） absenteeism”, defined as when a pupil misses 10% of the school year, almost doubled overall between 2018-19 and 2021-22.(根据8月初发表的一项研究，在2021到2022学年中有28%的学生至少缺课三个半星期。由斯坦福大学的一名教授Thomas Dee，进行的研究发现，在2018到2019学年和2021到2022学年中，长期旷课率（长期旷课定义为学生在学年中缺课10%）几乎翻了一倍)”可知，这篇文章主要讲述了新冠过后，学生不到校现象仍旧持续，旷课率大幅度上升。故选C。 主题03 人与社会——科学与技术 Passage 1 （23-24高一上·江苏南京中华中学·期中） When drones （无人机） first became widely available around 15 years ago, it wasn’t uncommon to find tech people painting dramatic pictures of how they were soon going to change the world. However, if you look up into the largely empty sky, you can see that hasn’t happened yet. Sure, drones are useful for taking aerial （空中的） photos, but we’re a long way away from aerial superhighways, packed with autonomous drones carrying parcels at speeds that are near-impossible on the ground. In 2016, Amazon announced it had completed its first ever aerial delivery. In a video, we saw an Amazon “Prime Air" drone pick up a parcel and fly it across the countryside landing in the buyer’s garden, dropping the parcel, and then returning to its home base. But Amazon still hasn’t completed its second drone delivery. In fact, it has reportedly downsized the drone program. So, will drone delivery ever be a thing? There are some indications of a possible drone delivery future not in Britain, but in Africa. Because also since 2016, rural hospitals in Rwanda have been receiving regular shipments of medical supplies by drone thanks to a company called Zipline. It surely has saved lives, thanks to the speed at which blood can be delivered in a country with a poorly developed road network. So could we ever expect such a system here? Unfortunately, there’s a big difference between rural Africa and thickly populated Britain. British homes don’t have large gardens where to land and nobody wants loud large drones constantly landing around the neighbourhood. Another reality is that British cities may still have security and safety concerns about routinely having drones carrying stuff over our heads.  That’s why I wonder if the real drone future could be crawling （爬） along the ground. For a few years, “autonomous delivery robots” with wheels have been walking on the pavements. So perhaps we’re not so far away from a drone delivery future, but the reality might be a little bit more down to earth. 37．What can we learn from the first two paragraphs? A．Drones are widely used in daily life. B．Drones have made delivery efficient. C．Drones are designed to take aerial photos. D．Drones haven’t changed the world as expected. 38．Why does the author mention Zipline’s drone delivery? A．To explain the process of drone delivery. B．To stress the profits brought by drone delivery. C．To discuss the possibility of a drone delivery future. D．To show its advantages over Amazon’s drone delivery. 39．What is paragraph 5 mainly about? A．The security and safety concerns about drones. B．The ways that British people react to drone delivery. C．The differences between African countries and Britain. D．The reasons why drone delivery isn’t suitable for Britain. 40．What is the best title for the text? A．Drone Delivery Future: Pie in the Sky B．A Bright Future for Drone Delivery C．Change the World with Drones D．Drone Applications at Risk Worldwide 【答案】37．D 38．C 39．D 40．A 【导语】本文是一篇议论文，主要探讨的是无人机送货是否能成为现实。 37．细节理解题。根据第一段的“When drones （无人机） first became widely available around 15 years ago, it wasn’t uncommon to find tech people painting dramatic pictures of how they were soon going to change the world. However, if you look up into the largely empty sky, you can see that hasn’t happened yet.（大约15年前，当无人机第一次被广泛使用时，人们经常看到科技人员描绘出他们将如何很快改变世界的戏剧性画面。然而，如果你仰望空旷的天空，你会发现这一切还没有发生。）”可知，无人机并没有像人们预期的那样改变世界。故选D。 38．推理判断题。根据第四段的“So, will drone delivery ever be a thing? There are some indications of a possible drone delivery future not in Britain, but in Africa.（那么，无人机送货会成为现实吗？有迹象表明，未来无人机送货可能不是在英国，而是在非洲。）”可知，作者提到Zipline的无人机送货是为了讨论未来无人机送货的可能性。故选C。 39．主旨大意题。根据第五段的“British homes don’t have large gardens where to land and nobody wants loud large drones constantly landing around the neighbourhood. Another reality is that British cities may still have security and safety concerns about routinely having drones carrying stuff over our heads.（英国家庭没有大花园可供降落，也没有人希望大型无人机不断在附近降落。另一个现实是，英国城市可能仍然会对无人机在我们头顶上运送物品的常规做法感到安全担忧。）”可知，第五段主要讲的是无人机送货不适合英国的原因。故选D。 40．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第二段的“Sure, drones are useful for taking aerial （空中的） photos, but we’re a long way away from aerial superhighways, packed with autonomous drones carrying parcels at speeds that are near-impossible on the ground.（当然，无人机在拍摄航拍照片方面很有用，但我们离空中高速公路还有很长的路要走，那里挤满了自动驾驶无人机，它们以在地面上几乎不可能的速度运送包裹。）”和最后一段的“So perhaps we’re not so far away from a drone delivery future, but the reality might be a little bit more down to earth.（因此，也许我们离无人机送货的未来并不遥远，但现实可能会更接地气一些。）”可知，本文主要讲的是无人机送货是否能成为现实，因此最好的题目是A选项“Drone Delivery Future: Pie in the Sky（无人机送货的未来：天上的馅饼）”。故选A。 主题01 人与自我——生活与学习 Passage 1 （24-25高一上·江苏无锡辅仁高级中学·期中） Growing up with movies such as “High School Musical” and “Grease”, which presented the ideal （理想的） high school friendships, we sometimes expect a perfect relationship. Indeed, some high school friendships can be real and simple; while still some high school students will meet a friend who causes trouble. With failed friendships come lessons and experiences learned for the future. You will know the influence after you leave high school. “I was always worried about what my friends thought about me. Sometimes my friends would make fun of what I wore or what I would do. I always tried to get along well with them, but I realized how happy I was once I stopped contacting them after high school,” said Elisha, Class of 2020. Most teens have not realized the big question when dealing with high school problems. In five years, will this still matter? It is hard looking at the big picture when the problems are in front of you, which is understandable. However, most teens need a moment to reflect （反思） and question if the problem matters in a long time. Briana, a high school teacher, said, “Now, I am in contact with two high school friends. I think the friendship experiences I had in high school shaped who I am because I learned to be open minded and befriend all kinds of people. I learned to see people for who they are, not what they wear or who they play with. I learned most of all how to be a good friend.” High school is a small part of your life, but it has a huge influence on who you will become and where you will go. Friendships and relationships help shape who you are, whether they are good or bad. Lessons are brought, and lessons are learned. 41．Why did the author mention the two movies in the first paragraph? A．To introduce the topic of the passage. B．To explain what a high school friendship is. C．To attract readers’ attention to these two movies. D．To recommend （推荐） these two movies to readers. 42．What did Elisha think of her “friends”? A．They made her unhappy. B．They got along well with her. C．They cared about her behavior. D．They were always worried about her. 43．Why did Briana think her friendship experiences shape her? A．She learned to play with her friends. B．She learned to make different friends. C．She learned to shape her friends’ minds. D．She learned to wear just like her friends. 44．How does the author support his arguments in Paragraph 2 and Paragraph 4? A．By listing data （数据）. B．By giving examples. C．By giving a definition （定义）. D．By making comparisons （对比）. 【答案】41．A 42．A 43．B 44．B 【导语】本文是一篇议论文，文章探讨了高中友谊对青少年成长的影响，通过不同人物的经历和观点，阐述了高中友谊的复杂性以及其对个人性格和未来发展的塑造作用。 41．推理判断题。根据第一段“Growing up with movies such as “High School Musical” and “Grease”, which presented the ideal（理想的） high school friendships, we sometimes expect a perfect relationship. （在诸如《歌舞青春》和《油脂》等电影的陪伴下成长，这些电影展现了理想的高中友谊，我们有时会期待一段完美的关系）”以及下文对高中友谊的理想与现实，以及失败的友谊带来的教训的可知，文章提到这两部电影，是为了引出文章的主题。故选A。 42．推理判断题。根据第二段“I was always worried about what my friends thought about me. Sometimes my friends would make fun of what I wore or what I would do. I always tried to get along well with them, but I realized how happy I was once I stopped contacting them after high school, （我总是担心朋友们怎么看待我。有时候，朋友们会嘲笑我的穿着或者我的行为。我总是努力和他们相处得很好，但当我高中毕业后不再和他们联系时，我意识到自己是多么快乐）”可知，Elisha认为她的“朋友”让她不开心。故选A。 43．细节理解题。根据第四段“I think the friendship experiences I had in high school shaped who I am because I learned to be open minded and befriend all kinds of people. I learned to see people for who they are, not what they wear or who they play with. I learned most of all how to be a good friend. （我认为我在高中时的友谊经历塑造了今天的我，因为我学会了保持开放的心态，与各种各样的人交朋友。我学会了看人的本质，而不是他们的穿着或他们与谁玩耍。最重要的是，我学会了如何成为一个好朋友）”可知，Briana认为她的友谊经历塑造了她，因为她学会了以开放的心态结交各种朋友，故选B。 44．推理判断题。根据第二段“said Elisha, Class of 2020. (Elisha(2020届)这样说）”和第四段“Briana, a high school teacher, said （高中教师Briana说）”可知，作者通过Elisha和Briana的个人经历和观点来支持自己的论点，这是通过举例的方式来论证的。故选B。 Passage 2 （24-25高一上·江苏南京六校·期中） We all want to give our kids the best possible advice, but when it comes to what path they should explore after education and what career possibilities are out there, where should we start? “For parents, the most important thing is to keep options open and to understand that equipping them with life skills are important,” says secondary school teacher David Earl. Your kid will probably have some idea of the terms “growth” and “fixed mindset”. Simply put, the central idea of the growth mindset （思维模式） is that intelligence （智力） and ability can be developed, and children who have this idea will try to seek opportunities to push themselves, understanding that they are likely to achieve what they want if they persevere. This challenges a fixed mindset, the idea that a child’s ability is limited and set in advance. Help your kid prepare for closed doors, tough interviews, rejection letters by encouraging them to embrace them and understand that none of them is failure. Remind them of things they’ve overcome, suggesting they view every negative experience as a chance to learn and grow, rather than an end point. Employers lay stress on all kinds of life skills, including problem-solving, leadership and creative thinking. So getting your children to think about those skills is helpful. Barclays LifeSkills has listed skills important for individuals in their future careers — communicating through videos and audio, rather than writing, and working with people from different generations and backgrounds. Good grades and passing examinations may seem like the most important thing to your kid right now, but try to encourage them to also think of longer-term goals. By thinking of a long-term goal, you may be able to find areas they need to improve. Thinking about the future can be challenging, but it’s important that your kid understands that the next step is just that one small step. It doesn’t have to be anything as huge as what career to pursue or which course to take. This is a team effort: Ask teachers, friends, or turn to experts for tips. 45．What does the growth mindset stress? A．A child’s ability can be improved. B．Success comes only from good grades. C．One’s intelligence stays unchanged. D．Children should avoid challenges to succeed. 46．Which is closest in meaning to the underlined word “embrace” in Paragraph 4? A．Ignore. B．Measure. C．Perform. D．Accept. 47．Which of the following might the writer agree with? A．Children should consider long-term goals instead of good grades. B．It’s parents’ responsibility to choose their children’ future careers. C．It’s a life skill to get along with people from different backgrounds. D．Children should be independent of their parents as early as possible. 48．Who is the above passage mainly intended for? A．Children. B．Parents. C．Employers. D．Teachers. 【答案】45．A 46．D 47．C 48．B 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讲述了父母应如何帮助孩子培养成长心态，面对未来的挑战，以及重视生活技能，鼓励孩子思考长期目标。 45．细节理解题。根据第三段中“Simply put, the central idea of the growth mindset （思维模式） is that intelligence （智力） and ability can be developed, and children who have this idea will try to seek opportunities to push themselves, understanding that they are likely to achieve what they want if they persevere.（简而言之，成长心态的核心思想是智力和能力是可以培养的，有这种想法的孩子会努力寻找机会来推动自己，他们明白如果他们坚持不懈，就有可能实现他们的目标）”可知，成长心态强调的是孩子的能力是可以提高的。故选A项。 46．词句猜测题。划线词embrace后代词“them”指代上文中的“closed doors, tough interviews, rejection letters （闭门羹、艰难的面试和拒绝信）”，结合下文“understand that none of them is failure”和“suggesting they view every negative experience as a chance to learn and grow, rather than an end point.（建议他们把每一次负面的经历都看作是一个学习和成长的机会，而不是终点）”可知，文中提出要让孩子们正确看待“闭门羹、艰难的面试和拒绝信”之类的负面经历，不要把它们看作是失败，要看作是一次成长的机会，即要接受负面经历。故画线词embrace意思应accept相近，意为“接受”。故选D项。 47．推理判断题。根据第五段中“Barclays LifeSkills has listed skills important for individuals in their future careers — communicating through videos and audio, rather than writing, and working with people from different generations and backgrounds.（巴克莱生活技能列出了个人未来职业生涯中重要的技能——通过视频和音频进行交流，而不是写作，以及与来自不同年代和背景的人合作）”可知，作者会赞同与来自不同背景的人相处是一种生活技能。故选C项。 48．推理判断题。根据第一段中“We all want to give our kids the best possible advice, but when it comes to what path they should explore after education and what career possibilities are out there, where should we start?（我们都想给孩子最好的建议，但当涉及到他们受教育后应该探索什么道路，以及有什么职业可能性时，我们应该从哪里开始呢？）”以及第二段中“For parents, the most important thing is to keep options open and to understand that equipping them with life skills are important（对父母来说，最重要的是保持选择的开放性，并理解为他们配备生活技能很重要）”可推知，这篇文章主要是为父母写的。故选B项。 主题02 人与社会——社会现象与社会问题 Passage 1 （24-25高一上·江苏常州高级中学·期中） When my son was a toddler （学步儿童）, he liked to run in our driveway until he fell. He would then turn to me to see if he was hurt. If my face betrayed worry or if I audibly gasped （发声地吸气） , he would cry. If I maintained calmness, he would brush himself off and get back to running. Learning that I could so powerfully influence his mental state was a lesson. Years later, when he was in middle school, this lesson came back to me. One night while doing homework, my son told me about a classmate who had been unkind to him. My first instinct （本能） was to rush to fix it. But instead of reacting, I paused. “That sounds hard. What did you do?” “I decided not to hang out with him for a while,” my son replied. “I'm going to try playing soccer at lunch instead.” “That's a great solution,” I said, and he went back to his homework. These otherwise ordinary parenting moments revealed an important truth: Sometimes, the best thing a parent can do is nothing at all. I've spent the past 30 years working in schools, and I've watched thousands of parents engage with educators and with their children. Too often, I watch parents over functioning. We' re biologically designed to prevent our children's suffering, and it can be painful to watch them struggle. A parent's first instinct has led to pop-culture belief around pushy parenting styles, including the “Helicopter Parent,” who flies in to rescue a child in crisis, and the “Snowplow Parent,” who flattens any obstacle in their child's way. A young person who grows accustomed to having a parent intervene （干预） on his behalf begins to believe that he's not capable of acting on his own, feeding both anxiety and dependence. I want to make a case for the Lighthouse Parent. A Lighthouse Parent stands as a steady, reliable guide, providing safety and clarity without controlling every aspect of their child's journey. Like a lighthouse that helps sailors avoid crashing into rocks, Lighthouse Parents provide firm boundaries and emotional support while allowing their children the freedom to face their own challenges. The key is learning when to step back and let them find their own way. One of the most important shifts that parents can make is learning to substitute our impulse to fix problems with the patience to listen. Listening is about allowing emotions to exist without rushing to solve a problem. Yes, parenting can be stressful. But when we trust our children to navigate their own course— with us as steady and supportive guides— we lighten our own load and empower them to thrive. 49．Why does the author mention two moments of his parenting experience? A．To introduce a good method of parenting. B．To show the good relationship with his son. C．To highlight the necessity of parents' company. D．To present different roles parents play in children's growth. 50．What is in common between “Helicopter Parent” and “Snowplow Parent”? A．They push their children forward in a strict way. B．They replace their children to remove difficulties. C．They save their children from crisis as soon as possible. D．They watch their children closely in fear of any trouble. 51．Which of the following is an act of a “Lighthouse Parent”? A．A mother allows her child to be free to make any decision. B．A mother helps her child do some extra work to ease the child's burden. C．A father e-mails the teacher frequently to learn about the child's school life. D．A father listens to the son's complaints carefully before offering suggestions. 52．Which word can replace the underlined word “navigate” in the last paragraph? A．follow. B．change. C．avoid. D．challenge. 【答案】49．A 50．B 51．D 52．A 【导语】这是一篇议论文，文章讨论了不同的父母教养方式，以及父母在孩子成长过程中的合适角色。 49．推理判断题。根据第五段“These otherwise ordinary parenting moments revealed an important truth: Sometimes, the best thing a parent can do is nothing at all.（这些普通的育儿时刻揭示了一个重要的事实：有时候，父母能做的最好的事情就是什么都不做）”可知，作者提到了他养育孩子的两个时刻是为了介绍一种好的育儿方法。故选A项。 50．细节理解题。根据第六段“A parent’s first instinct has led to pop-culture belief around pushy parenting styles, including the “Helicopter Parent,” who flies in to rescue a child in crisis, and the “Snowplow Parent,” who flattens any obstacle in their child's way.（父母的第一本能引发了流行文化对专横育儿风格的信仰，包括“直升机父母”，他们会在孩子遇到危机时飞来救援，“扫雪机父母”，他们会清除孩子道路上的任何障碍）”可知，两个类型的父母的共同点在于他们能取代孩子来去除困难。故选B。 52．细节理解题。根据第七段“A Lighthouse Parent stands as a steady, reliable guide, providing safety and clarity without controlling every aspect of their child’s journey.（灯塔父母是一个稳定、可靠的向导，在不控制孩子旅程的每一个方面的情况下，为他们提供安全和清晰的方向）”以及第八段“One of the most important shifts that parents can make is learning to substitute our impulse to fix problems with the patience to listen.（父母可以做的最重要的转变之一是学习用倾听的耐心替代解决问题的冲动）”可知，选项D中的“父亲在提供建议之前仔细听取儿子的抱怨”是一种灯塔型父母的行为。故选D。 52．词句猜测题。根据最后一段“But when we trust our children to navigate their own course — with us as steady and supportive guides — we lighten our own load and empower them to thrive.（但当我们信任孩子，让他们navigate自己的路线——我们作为稳定且支持的向导——我们就能减轻自己的负担，同时赋予他们蓬勃力量）”可知，相信孩子就要放开手，让他们追随自己的人生路线，我们就能减轻自己的负担，同时赋予他们蓬勃力量。所以划线词的意思是“追随”。故选A项。 Passage 2 （24-25高一上·江苏南通海安·期中） Imagining a human being without historical sense is scary. The thought of living exclusively in a present moment is scary. Scarier still is the thought of an entire generation, not to mention society, operating with a lack of a sense of history. And yet that is exactly the situation in which we find ourselves today. The people and events of history may be rooted in the past, but how we talk about those things, what we write about them, and how we teach them—in other words, how we practise history as the record of human experience—tell us a lot about who we are and what we value right now. Thinking of ourselves as a chapter in an as-yet unwritten history book, on the other hand, is likely to force deeper self-reflection: Whose stories will we stand up for? What values will we defend? What models will we offer following generations? In an era of environmental change, rising inequality and great shifts in the international political context, we need to understand how our institutions have developed. History gives us power. No other subject helps us to understand so comprehensively what it is to be human. The implications of ignorance of what has happened are incredible, but the ignorance itself isn’t entirely surprising given the lowered status of history in most schools. The discipline of history has become sidelined （边缘化）. “History fights for its place in the curriculum with geography,” Dr. Bain observed, “but its attention to time, place and context is what makes it really distinct.” In other words, history doesn’t simply tell us how to be good citizens: It equips us with the knowledge we need to comprehend our world clearly, and the ability to analyze it accurately. Clearly, in an age of “fake news”, engaged citizens need to be culturally literate, critical thinkers. There is no better subject than history to develop an appreciation of context and an ability to look for evidence. We should expect a logical history curriculum for our children. If it were common to hear graduates claim that they’d never learned to add, subtract, multiply and divide, there would be a severe protest. So should there be now. 53．What is the situation the author mentioned in paragraph 1? A．The fear of the past. B．The ignorance of history. C．The exclusion of the present. D．The dissatisfaction of society. 54．What does the author mainly stress in paragraph 2? A．Consequences of overlooking history. B．Significance of mastering all subjects. C．Insights from history for today and tomorrow. D．Resolutions of the current international issues. 55．Which one of the following ideas might Dr. Bain agree with? A．Critical thinking is key to studying history well. B．Schools should enhance the status of history curriculum. C．Ignorance of history is not as terrible as expected in schools. D．Geography proves more meaningful and practical than history. 56．What does the underlined sentence “So should there be now.” mean? A．The historical sense can help us differentiate the news. B．People are dissatisfied with graduates’ ability to calculate. C．We should make history curriculum more logical and critical. D．We should pay the same attention to history as to other subjects. 【答案】53．B 54．C 55．B 56．D 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。讨论了在现代社会发展中，培养历史感的重要性，以及历史教育的重要意义。文章呼吁将历史教育纳入更加合理的课程体系中，历史感的建立有助于培养学生的批判性思维以及理解世界的能力。 53．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Imagining a human being without historical sense is scary. The thought of living exclusively in a present moment is scary. Scarier still is the thought of an entire generation, not to mention society, operating with a lack of a sense of history. （想象一个没有历史感的人是可怕的。只活在当下的想法是可怕的。更可怕的是，整整一代人，更不用说整个社会，在缺乏历史感的情况下运作。）”可知，作者在第一段提到了人们对历史的无知。故选B。 54．推理判断题。根据文章第二段“The people and events of history may be rooted in the past, but how we talk about those things, what we write about them, and how we teach them—in other words, how we practise history as the record of human experience—tell us a lot about who we are and what we value right now. Thinking of ourselves as a chapter in an as-yet unwritten history book, on the other hand, is likely to force deeper self-reflection （历史上的人物和事件可能植根于过去，但我们如何谈论这些事情，我们如何写它们，以及我们如何教授它们——换句话说，我们如何将历史作为人类经历的记录来实践——告诉我们很多关于我们是谁以及我们现在看重什么。另一方面，把自己想象成一本尚未书写的历史书中的一个章节，可能会迫使我们进行更深层次的自我反思）”以及“In an era of environmental change, rising inequality and great shifts in the international political context, we need to understand how our institutions have developed. History gives us power. No other subject helps us to understand so comprehensively what it is to be human. （在一个环境变化、不平等加剧、国际政治环境发生巨大变化的时代，我们需要了解我们的制度是如何发展起来的。历史赋予我们力量。没有其他学科能如此全面地帮助我们理解什么是人类。）”可知，作者在第二段主要强调了历史对今天和明天的洞见。故选C。 55．推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段“The discipline of history has become sidelined （边缘化）. “History fights for its place in the curriculum with geography,” Dr. Bain observed, “but its attention to time, place and context is what makes it really distinct.” In other words, history doesn’t simply tell us how to be good citizens: It equips us with the knowledge we need to comprehend our world clearly, and the ability to analyze it accurately.（历史学科已经靠边站了。“历史与地理在课程中争夺自己的位置，”贝恩博士说，“但它对时间、地点和背景的关注使它真正与众不同。”换句话说，历史不仅仅告诉我们如何成为好公民：它还让我们具备了清晰理解世界所需的知识，以及准确分析世界的能力）”可知，历史是如此的重要，学校应该提高历史课程的地位。故选B。 56．词义猜测题。根据文章最后一段“There is no better subject than history to develop an appreciation of context and an ability to look for evidence. We should expect a logical history curriculum for our children. If it were common to hear graduates claim that they’d never learned to add, subtract, multiply and divide, there would be a severe protest. （没有比历史更适合培养对背景的鉴赏能力和寻找证据的能力了。我们应该为我们的孩子准备一个合乎逻辑的历史课程。如果经常听到毕业生声称他们从未学过加减乘除，那一定会引起强烈的抗议）”可知，没有比历史更适合培养对背景的鉴赏能力和寻找证据的能力了，我们应该重视历史学科，应该和数学等其他学科一样对待。划线处和D项：We should pay the same attention to history as to other subjects.（我们对待历史应该像对待其他学科一样重视）合乎题意。故选D。 Passage 3 （24-25高一上·江苏盐城六校·期中） What impresses you most when you think back to your years at university? For me, it is my first Greek philosophy class from Dr. Degenaar at Stellenbosch University. Dr. Degenaar came into the lecture room on the first Friday morning of the term and asked us to write down our own definition of the “soul”. Here was the “teacher” asking us what we thought—it was an almost literally mind-blowing experience. He was not telling us what he thought but asking us how we saw something. The following discussion was interesting. That was my first experience of real learning in a classroom. Almost 50 years have passed since that experience. Of the other lecturers who “taught” me during that year. I remember they “taught” me the history of Greek philosophy, but I remember little of that history and absolutely nothing of those lecturers. And most of what I remember about Greek philosophy is what I learned in Dr. Degenaar’s class, for my own interest. I took further courses with Dr. Degenaar in the following years. Like the first class, there was little “lecturing” at us, but far more involvement of us all in a process of mutual （共同的） discovery in which we learned a lot about each other and the important issues of the day. The excitement of discovery stays with me. Then it took me almost another 20 years to get a deeper understanding of what had happened in that lecture hall: experiential learning. Traditionally, learners have been seen as “empty containers” waiting to be “filled” with learning given them by the teacher. The learner is, therefore, dependent on the teacher for what to think and how to think. Compliance （遵从） is rewarded and so independent and original thinking is not developed. In contrast, in experiential learning, the learner is encouraged to think for himself/herself not to repeat the thought patterns of the teacher. The learning happens not because of what a “teacher” or “lecturer” says but because of what the learner does. In this sense, I think this is the best way to learn and everyone should try it and learn from it. 57．What did the author think of his first Greek philosophy class? A．Boring. B．Amazing. C．Confusing. D．Challenging. 58．Why does the author compare Dr. Degenaar and the other lecturers? A．To prove Dr. Degenaar’s devotion to his career. B．To stress Dr. Degenaar’s great influence on him. C．To point out Dr. Degenaar’s popularity among students. D．To show the author’s deep interest in Greek philosophy. 59．How does experiential learning differ from traditional learning? A．It combines theory with practice. B．It has no limit on learning places. C．It encourages independent thinking. D．It focuses more on the result of learning. 60．What’s the author’s purpose in writing the text? A．To introduce his respected teachers. B．To share his favorite university lesson. C．To explain the factors of experiential learning. D．To recommend an effective learning approach. 【答案】57．B 58．B 59．C 60．D 【导语】本文为一篇议论文。作者通过比较大学时代的教授希腊哲学课的Degenaar博士的体验式学习法和其他讲师使用的“视学生为容器”的传统学习法，指出：体验式学习法鼓励学习者思考，是最好的学习方式。 57．推理判断题。根据第二段“Dr. Degenaar came into the lecture room on the first Friday morning of the term and asked us to write down our own definition of the ‘soul’. Here was the ‘teacher’ asking us what we thought—it was an almost literally mind-blowing experience. He was not telling us what he thought but asking us how we saw something. The following discussion was interesting. That was my first experience of real learning in a classroom. (Degenaar博士在本学期的第一个周五早上来到讲堂，让我们写下自己对‘灵魂’的定义。这是‘老师’问我们的想法——这几乎是一次令人兴奋的经历。他不是在告诉我们他是怎么想的，而是在问我们是怎么看的。接下来的讨论很有趣。那是我第一次在课堂上真正地学习。）”可知，作者认为他的第一堂希腊哲学课令人兴奋，很有趣，是作者第一次在课堂上真正地学习，这是一堂令作者惊奇的课。故选B项。 58．推理判断题。根据第一段“What impresses you most when you think back to your years at university? For me, it is my first Greek philosophy class from Dr. Degenaar at Stellenbosch University. （当你回想起你的大学岁月时，什么给你印象最深？对我来说，这是我在斯泰伦博斯大学上的第一堂德格纳尔博士的希腊哲学课。）”，以及第三段“Almost 50 years have passed since that experience. Of the other lecturers who ‘taught’ me during that year. I remember they ‘taught’ me the history of Greek philosophy, but I remember little of that history and absolutely nothing of those lecturers. And most of what I remember about Greek philosophy is what I learned in Dr. Degenaar’s class, for my own interest. （那次经历已经过去近50年了。那一年里教过我的其他讲师。我记得他们‘教’我希腊哲学史，但我对那段历史记得很少，对那些讲师更是一无所知。我对希腊哲学的大部分记忆都是我在Degenaar博士的课上学到的，出于我自己的兴趣。）”可知，通过比较Degenaar博士和其他讲师的课，作者只对Degenaar博士的课记忆深刻，强调了Degenaar博士对他的巨大影响。故选B项。 59．细节理解题。根据最后一段“In contrast, in experiential learning, the learner is encouraged to think for himself / herself not to repeat the thought patterns of the teacher. （相反，在体验式学习中，学习者被鼓励独立思考，而不是重复老师的思维模式。）”可知，体验式学习不同于传统学习，这个学习方式鼓励学习者独立思考，故选C项。 60．推理判断题。根据最后一段“In contrast, in experiential learning, the learner is encouraged to think for himself/herself not to repeat the thought patterns of the teacher. The learning happens not because of what a ‘teacher’ or ‘lecturer’ says but because of what the learner does. In this sense, I think this is the best way to learn and everyone should try it and learn from it. （相反，在体验式学习中，学习者被鼓励独立思考，而不是重复老师的思维模式。学习的发生不是因为‘老师’或‘讲师’说了什么，而是因为学习者做了什么。从这个意义上说，我认为这是最好的学习方式，每个人都应该尝试并从中学习。）”可知，作者通过比较Degenaar博士的体验式学习法和其他讲师使用的传统学习法，指出：体验式学习法鼓励学习者思考，是最好的学习方式，所以作者的写作目的是推荐一种有效的学习方法。故选D项。 Passage 4 （24-25高一上·江苏扬州红桥高级中学·期中） How would you survive without your smartphone? For many of us, it’s the device we’re most attracted to — looking at it hundreds of times a day. We depend on it to perform different tasks and to connect with our friends and family. But have we become addicted to our phones? Certainly, the inventor of the first mobile phone, American engineer Martin Cooper, thinks we might be. In a BBC interview, he suggested people should stop scrolling （刷屏） and “get a life”. But of course, once we start scrolling or watching videos, we just can’t kick the habit. Psychologist and author Jean Twenge says, “we’re all guilty of habitually checking our phones if waiting for a text or getting really into social media then kind of, looking up and realizing that an hour has passed.” There’s even a word — a phubber — to describe a person who ignores the real people around them because they are concentrating on their phones. But does it matter if we make the most of this technology? Possibly, because like a drug, the problem arises when it is taken away. A study from King’s College London found young people they studied couldn’t control the amount of time they spent on their phone. Such addictive behavior means that people become anxious or upset when they are refused constant access, which can cause anxiety and mental health issues. Interestingly, another study by the London School of Economics and Political Science suggests we don’t just look at our phones because we are encouraged by a text or e-mail. The people they studied felt natural to interact with their phones, just as a smoker would light a cigarette. Prof, Saadi Lahlou, co-author of the study, told the BBC “We must learn tricks to avoid the temptation （诱惑） when we want to concentrate or have good social relations.” One solution could be an app that rewards students for time spent away from their phones. Another choice is changing your smartphone to an ordinary phone that has none of the distractions （分心事） on it. But mainly, perhaps, we just need to look up more and reconnect with the real world! 61．What did Martin Cooper suggest people do? A．Enjoy life by stopping the habit of scrolling. B．Learn tricks to avoid the temptation. C．Change their smartphones to ordinary phones. D．Use an app that rewards them for less phone use. 62．Why do people feel ashamed after checking their phones? A．For not being productive enough. B．For missing important texts or calls. C．For not being able to connect with others. D．For using their phones for a long time. 63．What does the study from King’s College London imply? A．The young shouldn’t use their phones. B．Curing phone addiction is not an easy job. C．Young people can’t survive without phones D．Using phones leads the young to be anxious. 64．What is the main message of the text? A．Smartphones are essential for modern life. B．People should avoid their addiction to smart phones. C．The inventor of the mobile phone should be punished D．Smartphones have a certain impact on mental health. 【答案】61．A 62．D 63．D 64．B 【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章主要探讨了现代人对智能手机的依赖及其潜在的负面影响，旨在提醒读者注意智能手机成瘾的危害，并倡导合理使用手机，保持健康的生活方式。 61．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“In a BBC interview, he suggested people should stop scrolling （刷屏） and “get a life”. （在BBC采访中，他建议人们应该停止刷屏，去“享受生活”）”可知，Martin Cooper建议人们通过停止刷屏的习惯来享受生活。故选A项。 62．细节理解题。根据第二段中“But of course, once we start scrolling or watching videos, we just can’t kick the habit Psychologist and author Jean Twenge says, “we’re all guilty of habitually checking our phones if waiting for a text or getting really into social media then kind of, looking up and realizing that an hour has passed.” （当然，一旦我们开始刷屏或看视频，我们就无法改掉这个习惯了。心理学家兼作家吉恩·特温格说：“如果我们在等短信或沉迷社交媒体时习惯性地查看手机，然后抬头一看，发现已经过去了一个小时，我们都会感到内疚。”）”可知，人们在长时间使用手机后会感到羞愧，因为他们意识到自己浪费了大量时间。故选D项。 63．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“A study from King’s College London found young people they studied couldn’t control the amount of time they spent on their phone. Such addictive behavior means that people become anxious or upset when they are refused constant access, which can cause anxiety and mental health issues. （伦敦国王学院的一项研究发现，他们研究的年轻人无法控制花在手机上的时间。这种成瘾行为意味着，当被拒绝持续使用手机时，人们会变得焦虑或不安，这可能导致焦虑和心理健康问题）”可知，这项研究暗示使用手机会让年轻人感到焦虑。故选D项。 64．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是根据第一段“How would you survive without your smartphone? For many of us, it’s the device we’re most attracted to — looking at it hundreds of times a day, We depend on it to perform different tasks and to connect with our friends and family, But have we become addicted to our phones? （如果没有智能手机，你会怎么生活？对我们中的许多人来说，它是最吸引我们的设备——每天看它几百次。我们依靠它来完成不同的任务，并与我们的朋友和家人联系。但是我们已经对手机上瘾了吗？）”及最后一段“ One solution could be an app that rewards students for time spent away from their phones. Another choice is changing your smartphone to an ordinary phone that has none of the distractions （分心事） on it. But mainly, perhaps, we just need to look up more and reconnect with the real world!（一种解决方案可能是开发一款应用程序，奖励学生远离手机的时间。另一个选择是把你的智能手机换成一部没有任何干扰的普通手机。但最重要的是，也许，我们只需要多看看，重新与现实世界联系起来！）”可知，文章主要传达的信息是人们应该避免对智能手机的上瘾。故选B项。 主题03 人与自我——礼仪修养 Passage 1 （24-25高一上·江苏南师附中·期中） The text from my son said it all: “Dad, there’s an article you were born to write that the world is finally ready for: Bring back the handkerchief!” For me, the handkerchief never left. My mother raised me with several fixed rules. One was that a gentleman always has a clean handkerchief in his right back pocket, a piece of simple cotton, roughly 15 inches square and less than four inches when folded. I was a dutiful son, but I can recall being a ten-year-old on the school playground, feeling the hankie directly over my butt （屁股） and wondering what it was there for. Time would tell. Every night for most of my life, I remove from my trousers the items I’m going to need the next day — keys, wallet and hankie, if it’s still unused. After 60 years, my body weight feels wrong if I’m heading out of the house with an empty back pocket. I am sure this habit has sometimes shocked friends and colleagues who’ve noticed it as a little quaint, but in polite company nobody comments on somebody else’s business. That rule of behaviour, of course, did not apply to one’s children in the late20th century. When my three kids were growing up, they all let me know whenever they could that my hankie was as ridiculously old-fashioned as a top hat and a walking stick. They had their arguments. If you have to be prepared every day for a cold, why not choose a little packet of tissues. Point taken — especially in the time of pandemic. But a cotton handkerchief is a lot more durable than tissues, creates no waste, and has a far wider variety of uses. Can you grab the handle of a pot that’s boiling over with a tissue? Or do you recall the cases of skinned knees and runny noses that hankie wiped? In fact, for Father’s Day last year my wife gave me several new handkerchiefs. And by now, neither of us can count the number of times her eyes have welled up at a movie, or, as happens, she’s needed to blow her nose. Yet not even my mother could have expected the hankie’s new role as an Essential Public Health Appliance. All of us have learnt how hard it is to follow advice from medical experts about not touching your face. Here is an answer. Use your hankie. In case of emergency, your handkerchief can become a DIY mask that can be pulled over your lower face like a robber entering a bank. So, my son has it right: Bring back the handkerchief. It may actually save a few lives. 65．Which of the following statements is TRUE about the author? A．He is born to be a writer. B．His mother expects him to become a real gentleman. C．He is an expert in making a DIY mask using handkerchiefs. D．His family have a habit of using handkerchiefs except his wife. 66．What does the underlined word  “quaint” in paragraph 4 probably mean? A．Shallow. B．Outdated. C．Popular. D．Healthy. 67．What do the younger generation think of the handkerchiefs? A．They are cool and fashionable. B．They are not convenient to use. C．They only come in handy during special times. D．They will be taken over by tissues sooner or later. 68．What is the tone of the author in the passage? A．Serious. B．Negative. C．Objective. D．Humorous. 【答案】65．B 66．B 67．D 68．D 【导语】本文是一篇议论文，通过个人经历和观点讨论了手帕的价值和实用性。作者回忆了自己从小被母亲教导要随身携带干净的手帕，并分享了自己多年来一直保持这个习惯的经历。尽管在20世纪末，孩子们认为使用手帕过时，但在疫情期间，手帕的多功能性和耐用性再次显现出来，使其成为公共卫生的重要工具。文章最后呼吁人们重新认识和使用手帕，强调其在现代社会中的重要性。 65．细节理解题。根据文中第二段“My mother raised me with several fixed rules. One was that a gentleman always has a clean handkerchief in his right back pocket.（我母亲用几条固定的规矩养育我。其中一条就是绅士总是在他右边的后口袋里放一块干净的手帕）” 可知，母亲培养作者时有着让他成为绅士的相关要求，期望他成为一位真正的绅士，故选B项。 66．词义猜测题。根据文章第四段“When my three kids were growing up, they all let me know whenever they could that my hankie was as ridiculously old-fashioned as a top hat and a walking stick. They had their arguments.（在我的三个孩子成长过程中，他们一有机会就告诉我，我的手帕就像大礼帽和手杖一样荒谬地过时了。他们有自己的理由）”可知，孩子们认为作者的手帕就像大礼帽和手杖一样荒谬、过时，可推理出“quaint”意思接近“过时的”，即outdated，故选B项。 67．推理判断题。根据文章第四段“When my three kids were growing up, they all let me know whenever they could that my hankie was as ridiculously old-fashioned as a top hat and a walking stick. They had their arguments. If you have to be prepared every day for a cold, why not choose a little packet of tissues.（在我的三个孩子成长过程中，他们一有机会就告诉我，我的手帕就像大礼帽和手杖一样荒谬地过时了。他们有自己的理由。如果你每天都得为感冒做准备，为什么不选择一小包纸巾呢）” 可知，年轻一代觉得手帕是过时的，不如纸巾方便，可推理出年轻一代认为手帕迟早会被纸巾取代，故选D项。 68．推理判断题。根据文章第二段“I can recall being a ten-year-old on the school playground, feeling the hankie directly over my butt （屁股） and wondering what it was there for.（我还记得十岁时在学校操场，感觉到手帕就在我屁股上，还纳闷它在那儿是干啥用的）”把手帕坐在屁股底下还纳闷它在那里是干什么的，以及最后一段“like a robber entering a bank （像强盗进银行一样）”把手帕当自制口罩形容成像强盗进银行一样，由此可推理出作者整体的语气是幽默的，故选D项。 主题04 人与社会——社会现象与社会问题 Passage 1 （24-25高一上·江苏南通通州·期中） “PLEASE DON’T KILL HIM” said Mrs. Reid with tears in her eyes. “I’m really sorry,” I said, hardly able to look at her. A nurse held her hand and tried to comfort her. “He’s been my entire world for 14 years, I don’t know what I’ll do without him,” she said with tears in her eyes. She wasn’t talking about a person. She was talking about Toby, her King Charles spaniel. Mrs. Reid had come into hospital after she’d fallen. She had Parkinson’s disease, meaning her ability to move was worsening. It was the second time she’d fallen in just a few weeks, and this time she’d broken her hip. While the hip had now been fixed, it was clear that she was too frail （脆弱的） to go home, and the social workers had arranged for her to go into a care home. A neighbor had been looking after Toby, but with Mrs. Reid no longer going home and as she had no family who could take him, it looked likely that he’d have to be killed. She was begging me to allow her home, but it was simply too dangerous. This situation is far from unique. Research has found that each year thousands of dogs are put down because their owners go into care homes. Over 100,000 have to be rehomed. Thankfully I spoke to a kindly social worker who eventually found a care home for Mrs. Reid that would allow her to take Toby with her. But these places are few. I think we need to seriously re-examine what’s happening here. It seems completely wrong. There is no doubt that we are a nation of animal lovers. Many of us consider our pets to be part of the family and there’s a fair few of us, I guess, that actually prefer our pets to a good number of people. Humans have a great ability to draw comfort and support from animals. For older people like Mrs. Reid, they are often the important source of companionship （陪伴） and about a quarter of old people have a pet. Yet when they come into hospital or a care home, they are denied this relationship. While the US, France, Norway and Switzerland all have laws forcing housing providers to accept pets belonging to elderly people, studies have shown that around 70 per cent of care homes in the UK forbid elderly people from bringing pets. This figure has risen in recent years and is likely to be due to increasing concerns around “health and safety”. However, research has concluded that they are “necessary to elderly people’s quality of life” and that having to move to care homes without their pets was psychologically similar to losing their family. It seems outrageous （可耻的） that care homes — whose purpose is to ensure the elderly people’s welfare （福利） — are able to deny them something which has proven clinical benefits for their health. 69．Who is Toby according to the passage? A．Mrs. Reid’s friend. B．Mrs. Reid’s son. C．Mrs. Reid’s dog. D．Mrs. Reid’s cat. 70．. What happened to Toby finally according to the author? A．Toby was killed by the government. B．Toby was taken back home by Mrs. Reid’s neighbor. C．Toby was sent away to somewhere far from Mrs. Reid. D．Toby was still staying with Mrs. Reid thanks to the author. 71．What does the underlined part mean in Paragraph 3? A．The relationship can last forever. B．They are provided with the relationship. C．The relationship is taken away from them. D．They are ensured of the relationship. 72．Why does the author write this passage? A．To tell a story about Mrs. Reid. B．To stress the importance of keeping pets. C．To draw readers’ attention to a social problem. D．To show the relationship between animals and humans. 【答案】69．C 70．D 71．C 72．C 【导语】这是一篇议论文，作者以自己亲身经历Mrs. Reid和她的宠物的故事引发思考，谈及了养老院禁止老人养宠物的问题。作者认为，养老院的宗旨是确保老年人的福利，如果拒绝一些已被证明对老年人健康有临床益处的东西，这是不能容忍的。 69．细节理解题。根据第二段中“She was talking about Toby, her King Charles spaniel.（她说的是Toby，她的查尔斯国王猎犬）”可知，文章中的Toby是Reid太太的狗。故选C项。 70．细节理解题。根据文章第三段中“Thankfully I spoke to a kindly social worker who eventually found a care home for Mrs. Reid that would allow her to take Toby with her.（谢天谢地，我和一位善良的社工谈了谈，他最终为Reid太太找到了一家养老院，允许她带Toby一起去）”可知，在作者的帮助下，Toby还能和Reid太太在一起。故选D项。 71．句意猜测题。根据第三段中“For older people like Mrs. Reid, they are often the important source of companionship and about a quarter of old people have a pet.（对于像Reid太太这样的老年人来说，宠物通常是他们重要的伴侣，大约有四分之一的老年人有宠物）”及表示转折意义的“yet”可以推测，对于很多老年人来说，宠物是他们的重要伴侣，但是，当他们进入医院或者养老院时，他们和宠物的这种关系将会被夺走。故选C项。 72．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中“While the US, France, Norway and Switzerland all have laws forcing housing providers to accept pets belonging to elderly people, studies have shown that around 70 per cent of care homes in the UK forbid elderly people from bringing pets.（虽然美国、法国、挪威和瑞士都有法律强制住房提供者接受老年人的宠物，但研究表明，英国约70%的养老院禁止老年人携带宠物）”及“It seems outrageous （可耻的） that care homes — whose purpose is to ensure the elderly people’s welfare （福利） — are able to deny them something which has proven clinical benefits for their health.（养老院的宗旨是确保老年人的福利，但拒绝一些已被证明对老年人健康有临床益处的东西，这似乎令人无法容忍）”并结合全文内容可知，作者以自己亲身经历Mrs. Reid和她的宠物的故事引发思考，谈及了养老院禁止老人养宠物的问题。因此，作者写这篇文章的目的是让读者注意到一个社会问题。故选C项。 / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$