专题01 阅读理解（应用文＋说明文）（期中真题汇编，四川专用）高一英语上学期

专题01 阅读理解 应用文＋说明文 主题01 人与社会——旅游 Passage 1 （23-24高一上・四川雅安天立集团・期中） Sawdust Winter Fantasy If you’re looking for the best way to kick off the holiday, check out Sawdust’s Winter Fantasy, where you can support local artists and get into the spirit of the holidays. This annual event features live music, delicious food and drinks, as well as 165 local artists with their products. Location: 935 Laguna Canyon Road Dates: Nov.19 to Dec.18 Times: 10 a. m. to 7 p. m. Price: Adults $10, Children $5 LA County Parks Winter Wonderland Los Angeles County Parks will host a Winter Wonderland with tons of snow. The free event will feature photo opportunities, holiday treats, and a craft village where kids can decorate their own stockings. Location: 1324 5th St. in Downtown Santa Monica Dates: Dec.2 to Dec.17 Times: Times vary Price: Free The Polar Express Train Ride This magical one-hour trip to the North Pole features a read-along of the timeless story, hot chocolate, caroling, a golden ticket, and delicious treats. Santa and his little helpers are also scheduled to come on board to greet the passengers and give each guest their first gift of Christmas. Location: 2201 SA St., Perris, CA 92570 Dates: Dec.20 to Dec.28 Times: 11:30 a. m. to 8 p. m. Price: Range from $44 to $70 Christmas on the Farm Celebrate the holiday season at a farm featuring an animal center, tractor wagon rides, reindeer, and more. There’s also a holiday train and plenty of sleigh rides to go around. This is the perfect family event for all to enjoy. Location: Moorpark, CA 93021 Dates: Nov.25 to Dec.24 Times: 9 a. m. to 6 p. m. Price: $10 to $ 14 1．If a couple with two children chooses Sawdust Winter Fantasy, they should pay __________. A．$10 B．$20 C．$25 D．$30 2．Where can kids decorate their stockings? A．At 935 Laguna Canyon Road. B．At 1324 5th St. in Downtown Santa Monica. C．At 2201 SA St., Perris, CA 92570. D．At Moorpark, CA 93021. 3．When can visitors take sleigh rides to celebrate the holiday? A．On Nov.17. B．On Nov.19. C．On Dec.20. D．On Dec.28. Passage 2 （24-25高一上・四川绵阳・期中） Digital financial services company Remitly recently determined the world’s friendliest nations in a new report. The company surveyed 3,000 people from 27 countries on their “agreeableness” (亲和性) from the popular Big 5 Personality Test in April. People were given a score between 1 and 40, the higher the score, the friendlier the country. Estonia, 32.58 Estonia is ranked as one of the friendliest countries for travelers. Home to two UNESCO World Heritage Sites and more than 1,000 islands, Estonia has friendly locals who are known to be respectful and polite to foreigners. Belgium, 32.5 As a western European country at only 30,528 square kilometers, Belgium is known for its rich history and various attractions. English is easily spoken there, which makes it easy to meet locals. Belgians are known to be polite and social, so you can feel comfortable asking locals for directions. Germany, 32.66 Some of Europe’s major rivers, like the Rhine and Danube, flow through Germany. Thanks to its central situation, Germany has more neighbors than any other European country. There’s a lot of history and culture to uncover in Germany. Germans aren’t known for engaging in small talk but will help you out if you’re in need. South Africa, 34.63 South Africa is also known as the “Rainbow Nation”. Since the air is fresh and the sunshine is in abundant supply, rainbows often appear after the rain. But the most important reason is its multi-culture, with white, black, yellow, varicolored people contributing to the unique landscape of South Africa. 4．Which of the countries is the friendliest? A．Estonia. B．Belgium. C．Germany. D．South Africa. 5．What do Belgium and Germany have in common? A．Large land areas. B．Bad small talkers. C．The number of neighbors. D．The history worth exploring. 6．What is the main reason why South Africa is called the “Rainbow Nation”? A．Fresh air. B．Rich culture. C．Plenty of sunshine. D．Beautiful landscape. Passage 3 （24-25高一上・四川成都外国语学校・期中） 4 Days Private Tour of Johannesburg — Kruger National Park — Johannesburg Guide: English-speaking driver guide, experienced and knowledgeable Accommodation: 4-star hotels, also be open to your own choice Travel arrangements: Day 1 Fly to Kruger National Park, Sunset game drive This morning, your English-speaking driver will pick you up at the hotel and drive you to Johannesburg Airport for the one-hour flight to Hoedspruit Airport. On arrival, you will be sent to Arathusa Safari Lodge in Sabi Sand Private Game Reserve, where you’ll spend 3 nights. You’ll have the first game drive after sunset. Day 2 Sabi Sand Game Reserve safari (游猎) The second day of the South Africa private tour package you will have a full day safari in Sabi Sand Game Reserve. Day 3 Private Panorama Route tour After breakfast, your driver guide will pick you up to start today’s tour along the Panorama Route. On the way you will visit God’s Window, Lisbon Falls, Berlin Falls, the Pinnacle, Bourke’s Luck Potholes, and Blyde River Canyon. Day 4 Sunrise game drive, Fly back to Johannesburg After enjoying the sunrise game drive, we will send you to Hoedspruit Airport for a flight back to Johannesburg. Note: The flight tickets of Johannesburg/Hoedspruit/Johannesburg are included in the tour. Tour prices: 2-3 travelers, $2729; 4-5 travelers, $2549. Prices are per person in US Dollars. Price includes accommodation with daily breakfast at our hotels, and service of English-speaking driver guide. Price doesn’t include international flights into and out South Africa, personal expenses (such as telephone, drinks, etc.), tips for the driver guide or South Africa visa fees. 7．What will happen on the first day of the tour? A．Sunrise game drive. B．Tours along Panorama Route. C．Sabi Sand Game Reserve safari. D．Arathusa Safari Lodge check-in. 8．How much should a couple pay if they join a 4-traveler group? A．$2549. B．$5098. C．$2729. D．$5458. 9．What is included in the tour price? A．South Africa visa fees. B．Tips for the driver guide. C．Air tickets of Johannesburg/Hoedspruit. D．Accommodation and meals at self-chosen hotels. 主题02 人与自我——生活与学习 Passage 1 （24-25高一上・四川成都石室中学・期中） A Guide to New York City’s Best Bookstores In the hot and crowded summer city, there’s nothing better than finding a cool and quiet bookstore to get lost in. Undoubtedly, a great bookstore can provide both relaxation and inspiration. Here are the must-visit bookstores in New York City: McNally Jackson McNally Jackson is a beloved independent bookstore with multiple locations, known for its good selection and welcoming atmosphere. Besides offering a wide range of genres, many locations feature a cozy café where you can enjoy coffee, pastries, and light snacks while browsing or reading. The Mysterious Bookshop As the name suggests, The Mysterious Bookshop specializes in mystery, crime, and detective fiction, offering a wide range of related books. The store regularly hosts book signings and readings with well-known authors in the mystery genre, providing fans with opportunities to meet their favorite writers. The knowledgeable staff is passionate about mystery fiction and can provide personalized recommendations. Dashwood Books For those who love photography, Dashwood Books is a hidden paradise on Bond Street. Here you can find rare, limited, and out-of-print photo books. Some days, you’ll ever find bargain bins (柜) located near the back of the store, with options for less than＄5 a pop. Fashion designers, such as Simone Rocha, have been known to wander to the store for inspiration. Chelsea Market’s Posman Books Posman Books at Chelsea Market is a delightful spot for book lovers, hidden in one of NYC’s most popular food markets. The store offers a good selection of bestsellers, children’s books, and unique gifts, making it a great place to pick up something special while exploring the market. 1．Which bookstore can provide some advice? A．McNally Jackson B．Dashwood Books C．The Mysterious Bookshop D．Chelsea Market’s Posman Books 2．What unique feature does Posman Books have? A．A large selection of rare books. B．A location within a food market. C．Special events with famous authors. D．A wide collection of mystery novels. 3．What is the main purpose of the passage? A．To promote online book shopping. B．To offer recommendations for bookstores. C．To compare the service of some bookstores. D．To discuss the history of some bookstores. Passage 2 （23-24高一上・四川成都树德中学・期中） GET A BIRD’S-EYE VIEW OF THE WORLD’S MOST ATTRACTIVE FEATHERED ANIMALS WITH THESE BOOKS. Flamingo Biologist and photographer Claudio Contreras Koob spent 20 years travelling deep into the wet lands and forests of his native Mexico — and beyond — to feed his flamingo attraction. This book offers a unique window into the behavior and life of red-feathered birds, with more than 120 show-stopping shots displaying their beauty. teNeues, £35. Around the World in 80 Birds Inspiring secrets, national pride or scientific discoveries, every bird has a story to tell, from the weaver bird building multi-nest “apartment blocks” in Namibia to the bar-headed goose taking on a twice-yearly trans- Himalayan journey at an extreme altitude. Mike Unwin’s tour is accompanied by beautiful illustrations from Ryuto Miyake. Laurence King Publishing, £22. A World on the Wing Pulitzer-shortlisted Weidensaul, who’s at the forefront of research into bird migration, here tracks some of nature’s most remarkable journeys. He sails through the stormy Bering Sea, encounters trappers in the Mediterranean and visits former headhunters in northeast India, where a bird migration crisis has become a conservation success story. Pan Macmillan, £9.99. Galapagos Crusoes: A Year Alone with the Birds Explore this updated version of the 1968 title, Galapagos: Islands of Birds, by late bird expert Bryan Nelson, with previously unpublished material from his wife, June. The couple spent a year living on two Galapagos islands, studying birds, including the Galapagos albatross. This is their clever and amusing description. Bradt Guides, £11.99. 4．By whom is the second most expensive book illustrated? A．Claudio Contreras Koob. B．Ryuto Miyake. C．Mike Unwin. D．Weidensaul. 5．Which book best suits those concerned about the survival of migratory birds? A．Flamingo. B．Around the World in 80 Birds. C．A World on the Wing. D．Galapagos Crusoes: A Year Alone with the Birds. 6．What feature may Galapagos Crusoes: A Year Alone with the Birds have? A．Its moving plot. B．Its vivid imagination. C．Its romantic style. D．Its humorous content. Passage 3 （23-24高一上・四川成都外国语学校・期中） It is very challenging when it comes to trying to master the English language. However, there are some things you can do to improve your English learning. The following books are an excellent way for people trying to learn English or get better at it. Oxford Picture Dictionary This is a great book for those who like to learn things visually. You can use the pictures to learn many new words each day. There is also a bilingual version for those who want to learn using their own native language. Word Power Made Easy This useful dictionary provides one of the best ways to learn over 1,000 of the words which are most commonly used in English. The book has many interesting activities and games, and gives tips on avoiding spelling errors. NTC Vocabulary Builders Students who are more advanced in the English language will greatly like NTC Vocabulary Builders. If you want to build your English vocabulary, then this book is a good choice. English Vocabulary in Use Series This is one of the best-selling books by Cambridge University Press. The book is good for students of the English language of all levels who want to have a wider vocabulary. You can choose to learn British English or American English. Improving your English is one of the best ways to make sure that you will do great in life. It can open many doors for you. For those who are not native English speakers, these books will come in handy. With hard work, anyone can be a master of the English language. 7．What is special about Oxford Picture Dictionary? A．It is designed for language beginners. B．It offers advice on language learning. C．It provides many pictures to help learn language. D．It gives learners a lot of interesting daily tasks. 8．Which book provides ways to help you make fewer mistakes in spelling? A．Oxford Picture Dictionary. B．Word Power Made Easy C．NTC Vocabulary Builders. D．English Vocabulary in Use Series. 9．What do the four books have in common? A．They only provide English versions. B．They are all fur beginners. C．They help you to do great in life. D．They help to learn vocabulary. Passage 4 （24-25高一上・四川广安友实学校・期中） Freshman year of high school is a big transition (过渡) for any student. Luckily, you’re not the only person going through this, and plenty of others have made the transition before you too. One of the most obvious ways in which high school is different from middle school or junior high is the higher expectations. You’ll find that you’re expected to keep closer track of your own schedule and responsibilities with fewer people checking up on you. At the same time, your classes are likely to become more challenging, and you might be participating in new school activities as well. Some students find it hard to keep up with everything at first, which is totally normal. One way to prepare in advance for these higher expectations is to make sure that you have organized schedules in place before you start high school. Another important skill for meeting these higher expectations is building a strong support network. No matter how strong a student you are, at some point you will need some help. Keeping healthy relationships with your friends and teachers is a great way to make sure that you have people who are willing to help when you need them. Try to get to know at least some of your teachers beyond your classroom communication. Be an active learner during class and stay after class to ask questions. Take advantage of email or class messaging systems. The better your teachers know you, the better prepared they’ll be to help when you need them. It’s important for you to keep in mind as you start high school that no one is perfect. Transitions are hard for everyone, and starting high school is a big transition. These challenges provide a great chance to recreate yourself. 10．In the author’s view, the biggest difference between high school and middle school is _______. A．different relationships B．the higher pressure C．high academic achievement D．the higher expectations 11．Which of the following suggestion is not mentioned in the text? A．Careful schedules. B．Healthy relationships. C．Using network information. D．Recreating yourself. 12．Who is the article written for? A．Students who are in trouble. B．Teachers who are responsible for students . C．Teachers worried about the students . D．Students stepping into senior high. 13．What is the best title for the text? A．How to Adapt to Senior High as A Freshman B．How to Become an Active Learner in High School C．What to Prepare to Keep up with Everything in High School D．How to Meet Your Teacher’s High Expectations 主题03 人与社会——科普知识 Passage 1 （24-25高一上・四川乐山第一中学校・期中） Just like humans, pets can suffer from some health problems as they age. As your furry friends get older, it’s important to look out for these four changes in your pets, because solving them early may greatly improve their well-being, lifespan and quality of life. Obvious Weight Changes If your pets either lose or gain weight quickly in a short time, it’s time to go to see the vet. Obvious weight changes can show problems such as heart disease, liver disease, which are sometimes related to aging. Signs of Chronic(慢性的)Pain Chronic pain can exist in pets in many different ways, such as repeated biting, or little interest in moving or jumping. If your furry friends are struggling to move, or are slower when getting up and down, it’s time to arrange a trip to the vet. Changes in Appetite(胃口) Several health problems in pets can appear in a change of appetite, whether it’s a decrease or increase in hunger. Changes in appetite might be due to dental problems, gastrointestinal problems or more severe conditions like cancer. Changes in Behavior As pets age, they can experience similar problems to humans, such as changes in vision, hearing and general confusion. Some pets can even experience dementia (痴呆). Although there is no cure, management is possible through medication, dietary adjustments and lifestyle changes and available under veterinary guidance. 1．What may your furry friends suffer from if they don’t want to move? A．Heart disease. B．Dental problems. C．Chronic pain. D．Dementia. 2．Which of the following you don’t need to worry about? A．Pets put on weight bit by bit. B．Pets show no interest in their usual food. C．Pets bite something over and over again. D．Pets have trouble with their vision and hearing. 3．Who might be the intended readers of the passage? A．Animal lovers. B．Animal experts. C．Pet owners. D．Pet shop owners.. Passage 2 （24-25高一上・四川乐山第一中学校・期中） New scientific research has found that attending live sporting events enhances levels of wellbeing. Published in the journal Frontiers in Public Health, the research is the first large-sized study to examine the benefits of attending any type of live sporting event. It found that attending live sporting events results in higher scores of two major measurements of subjective wellbeing-life satisfaction and a sense of “life being worthwhile” — as well as lower levels of loneliness. These results are significant as previous studies have shown that higher life satisfaction scores are associated with fewer life-limiting conditions, better physical health and successful ageing. The new study also found that attending live sporting events leads to an increase in people’s sense that “life is worthwhile,” and the size of this increase is comparable to that of gaining employment. Watching live sporting events can also offer an accessible and effective public health tool for improving wellbeing. Lead author Dr Helen Keyes, Head of the School of Psychology and Sport Science at Anglia Ruskin University (ARU), said: “Previous research has focused on certain sports or small population groups, such as college students in the United States. Ours is the first study to look at the benefits of attending any sporting event across an adult population, and therefore our findings could be useful for shaping future public health strategies, such as offering reduced ticket prices for certain groups.” The live events covered by the survey ranged from free amateur (业余的) events, such as watching village sports teams, right through to Premier League football matches. Therefore, further research needs to be carried out to see if these benefits are more pronounced for top level sport, or are more closely linked to supporting a specific team. However, without doubt, watching live sport of all types provides many opportunities for social interaction and this helps to shape group identity and belonging, which in turn boosts levels of wellbeing. 4．What can we learn about the new study from the passage? A．The study only covered Premier League football matches. B．Watching live sporting events has little effect on one’s wellbeing. C．It is the first one to study the benefits of attending live sporting events. D．Attending live sporting events increases life satisfaction and a sense of meaning. 5．What’s Dr. Helen Keyes’s attitude to the study? A．Objective. B．Neutral. C．Negative. D．Positive. 6．What does the underlined word “pronounced” in paragraph 5 mean? A．Suitable. B．Noticeable. C．Powerful. D．Important. 7．What is the best title for the passage? A．Attending Live Sport Improves Wellbeing B．Watching Live Sporting Events Has Many Benefits C．A Research on the Popularity of Live Sporting Events D．A Study on the Effects of Sporting Events on Physical Health Passage 3 （24-25高一上・四川乐山第一中学校・期中） Since 10 a.m. this morning, I’ve been staring at my computer screen in an attempt to squeeze an interesting article out of myself. Up until an hour ago, I only had 50 words and a dry title to show for eight hours of ‘work’. But as the sun set, I had about one hundred ideas pop into my head – like guests showing up too late to a party. Bursts of inspiration like this at night are frequent within the creative community. Writers, artists, and inventors throughout history have all said they’ve been most inspired during night-time. In the light of psychology, we write at night with less distractions (干扰). Kids put to bed and the world outside quiet, there’s very little that can pull us away from our writing. Also, most of the day’s tasks are complete by the evening. This means we have a whole day’s worth of inspiration and experience to reflect on, most of which comes out in our writing. Another factor is that the dark hours tend to be more relaxing: lighting is softer, we’re spending less time on social media, and the overall setting is quieter. This makes it ten times easier to focus on our writing. Chemically, our brains change too. When we sleep, certain parts of the brain shut down in preparation for it as the sun sets. In particular, much of the frontal lobe (前额叶) becomes inactive, so less energy is spent on decision-making and more is directed into other parts of the brain, specifically to the right hemisphere. Despite some debate surrounding the subject, scientists generally believe the creative control-centre of the brain is in the right hemisphere, which concerns itself with everything from emotions and intuition to the way we dream. When we reach night time, this side of our brain becomes more active because less energy is being used to power the rest of our brain. This is partly what allows creative surges to happen. However, that doesn’t mean you can’t enter a creative state during the day. If you can mirror night-time conditions, you stand the best chance of beating your writer’s block and letting words flow through you. 8．Why does the author mention his experience? A．To lead to his point. B．To prove his efforts. C．To display his routine life. D．To show off his writing talent. 9．What does Para 3 mainly talk about? A．The distractions at night. B．The way to relax at night. C．The mental advantages at night. D．The tasks to be done at night. 10．In our brains, creative thoughts increase sharply when ________. A．the frontal lobe functions well B．energy goes to decision-making C．emotions and dreams are absent D．the right hemisphere becomes active 11．Which of the following can be the best title? A．What Shall We Write at Night? B．When Do We Need to Write Most? C．Why Are We Most Creative at Night? D．How Can We Become A Creative Writer? 主题01 人与社会——旅游 Passage 1 （24-25高一上・四川南充高级中学・期中） Four Great National Parks in Kenya Sibiloi National Park Established in 1973 by the government of Kenya for the protection of wildlife, it covers about 1,570 km². Since the national park is near Lake Turkana, one can see a large collection of ocean life — over 350 species — and abundant wild life in the area. Sibiloi is also home to important archaeological (考古的) sites, including Koobi Fora where the fossil remains have contributed more to the understanding of human evolution than any other site on the continent. Maasai Mara Maasai Mara was originally established in 1961 as a wildlife sanctuary (保护区). Now the total area under conservation in the Greater Maasai Mara ecosystem amounts to almost 1,510 km². The Maasai Mara is home to one of the most amazing wonders of the world. Millions of people come to the park between July and October to see wildebeests migrate (迁徙). Ol Donyo Sabuk National Park The name of this park was established in 1967 and it is situated 65 km north of Nairobi. It covers only20.7 km². If you want to do some bird-watching together with a sample of wildlife like buffalos, leopards, baboons, and mongooses, then this is the place for you! It’s particularly attractive for hikers or families wanting some freedom and exercise, outside their vehicles. Meru National Park Meru National Park, established in 1966, is located east of Meru, 350km from Nairobi. Covering an area of 870.44 km², it’s one of the best-known national parks in Kenya. Rainfall in this area is abundant, with 635-762mm in the west of the park and 305-356 mm in the east. The park has over 500 species of birds, and a wide range of wild animals, including African bush elephants, lions, African leopards, cheetahs, etc. 1．What is special about Sibiloi National Park? A．It is located in a coastal area. B．It has a large collection of wildlife. C．It is the oldest national park in Kenya. D．It is a place of archaeological discoveries. 2．Where can people observe the seasonal movement of animals? A．Maasai Mara. B．Meru National Park. C．Sibiloi National Park. D．Ol Donyo Sabuk National Park. 3．What do Ol Donyo Sabuk National Park and Meru National Park have in common? A．They are thickly forested areas. B．They were established in the same year. C．They offer hiking opportunities to visitors. D．They are great destinations for bird-watching. Passage 2 （24-25高一上・四川射洪中学校・期中） Rome, Italy, Europe—A Walk Through History Every step in Rome is a walk through history. The city offers a look into the past with its ruins (废墟) and centuries-old buildings. Exploring Rome is also an opportunity to connect with the city’s cultural heritage (遗产). Best Time to Travel: April to June and September to October. Jaipur, India, Asia—The Pink City Jaipur is famous as the Pink City. It has a mix of royal (皇家的) history and a lively culture. The city’s special pink buildings, which show kindness, make a one-of-a-kind city view. Best Time to Travel: November to February. Cairo, Egypt, Africa—Land of Pharaohs Cairo serves as a gateway lo some of the world’s most attractive historical treasures. Visiting the Pyramids of Giza and the Sphinx, you’ll find yourself face to face with the heritage of ancient civilizations (文明). Exploring Cairo also involves wandering through the Khan El Khalili market to feel the modern Egyptian life. Best Time to Travel: October to April to avoid the heat. Istanbul, The Republic of Turkiye—Where East Meets West Lying at the crossroads of Europe and Asia, both geographically and culturally, Istanbul has a rich history, where influences from the East and the West are woven (交织). Famous buildings like Hagia Sophia and the Blue Mosque show this mix. In Istanbul, different cultures’ coming together is real and it affects its food, art, how the city looks, and how people live every day. Best Time to Travel: March to May and September to November. 4．What’s the suggested time to visit Jaipur? A．April. B．July. C．October. D．December. 5．Which may one choose if he is interested in seeing different cultures in one city? A．Jaipur. B．Istanbul. C．Cairo. D．Rome. 6．What do the four places have in common? A．They are all capitals of their countries. B．They provide delicious food. C．They have rich historical background. D．They are known for their modern buildings. 主题02 人与自我——生活与学习 Passage 1 （23-24高一上・四川成都七中万达学校・期中） Are you the kind of person who hated school? Or are you more like Michael Nicholson, who can’t stop learning? He currently has 30 degrees including 22 master’s and a doctor’s degree! If you’re also crazy about studying, you might be a philomath — a person who loves to learn and study. The word comes from Greek with “phil” meaning “a lover of” and “math” meaning “learning”. Humans are all philomaths to an extent — our brain is born to be curious. We want to learn and understand, partly to make sense of the world but also because of something called neoteny. This is a term that refers to the youthful characteristics of humans being remained into adulthood. One of these characteristics is neuroplasticity, which helps our brains stay flexible — this gives us the ability to learn throughout our lives. Many creatures which are close to us, like primates (灵长类), can’t do this and only learn during their youthhood. But for every person who loves learning, there are plenty who can’t stand it. Lots of people remember their school days as being boring or even pointless. Why is this? Educational experts have suggested that if an idea is too dull or too difficult to understand, it becomes harder to connect old and new ideas together. If that is the case, we lose interest and take in less information. This negative experience of education at school may lead to people avoiding learning opportunities in later life. So, don’t let a negative educational experience prevent you learning something new as an adult. Take advantage of your biology and discover your inner philomath. Who knows what you could achieve? 1．Why does the author mention “Michael Nicholson” in paragraph 1? A．To lead to a topic. B．To introduce a figure. C．To present a rule. D．To raise a question. 2．What is paragraph 2 mainly about? A．Humans can be lifelong learners. B．Creatures like primates can’t learn. C．Humans are born to know the world. D．Creatures have different learning abilities. 3．What may kill humans passion for later learning according to the text? A．Less learning opportunities. B．Old memories of school days. C．Ways to connect old and new ideas. D．Bad education experiences when young. 4．What does the author intend to do by writing this text? A．To praise people who can’t stop learning. B．To make it clear to people what is a philomath. C．To explain why some people don’t like studying. D．To encourage people to be passionate in learning. Passage 2 （24-25高一上・四川成都外国语学校・期中） It’s common that a Japanese-American bows on the phone — but only in Japanese. Behaviors and manners can become so routine that they appear even when there’s no need for them. Those who are bilingual (双语的) and bicultural know first-hand that how we behave can depend on what language we are speaking. Scientists have shown that who you are in the moment can depend on the language you are using at that time. This is because when you have an experience, the language you are using becomes associated with it. For bilingual people, this means certain memories are more closely associated with one language than the other — a phenomenon called “language-dependent memory”. For example, a childhood memory is more likely to be remembered when the language spoken during that childhood event is spoken again. How we think and feel can thus change depending on what language we are using. For example, people who are bilingual have an intensified (增强的) stress response when listening to the words of scolding in a native language. This may be, in part, because our early memories associated with learning a “bad” word or being scolded by our parents happened in our native language. Because emotions play a key role in how we make decisions, people are often more sensible when making choices in the less emotional foreign language. Language can even influence our decisions. When asked whether they would be willing to give one person’s life to save a group, people who speak more than one language are much more likely to say “yes” when answering in a foreign language. The unpleasant feelings that can prevent us from making difficult choices are reduced when we’re using a non-native language. The language we speak has an influence on how we think, feel, and even behave. In a way, knowing different languages can provide people with a variety of views through which to see the world. 5．Why is the example of the Japanese-American mentioned in Paragraph 1? A．To show Japanese people are polite. B．To show bowing is good manners. C．To show culture affects a person greatly. D．To show language affects a person’s behavior. 6．Why is a “language-dependent memory” so called? A．Memories are greatly influenced by a certain language. B．A childhood memory can be recalled in a certain language. C．A good memory can help you learn a language well. D．A language can determine a person’s memory. 7．When can a person who is bilingual make a wise decision? A．When speaking a native language. B．When speaking a foreign language. C．When making a random choice. D．When feeling very delighted. 8．What does the text mainly tell us? A．The language you are speaking determines your character. B．You can be influenced by the language you are speaking. C．A new language can bring out a new self. D．The more languages we learn, the better future we will have. Passage 3 （24-25高一上・四川射洪中学校・期中） As the sun sets and the city is enveloped in the peaceful cover of night, a new trend (趋势) is rising quietly across China: the 24-hour library. In addition to staying open 24 hours a day, and featuring a wide variety of books, these libraries are equipped with comprehensive study facilities, including water, electricity, power outlets and restrooms. Some even offer soft drink services and dining options. For Ye, a 25-year-old from Weihai, East China’s Shandong Province, the local 24-hour library is an invaluable resource as she is preparing for the civil service exam. Hired full-time, she finds that traditional library hours do not meet her study needs. “The traditional local libraries usually open at 9 a. m. and close at 10 p. m., which isn’t convenient for working people like me. I can only devote myself to studying early in the morning or late at night,” Ye said. Similarly, Ma, a 20-year-old sophomore from East China’s Anhui Province, often visits a 24-hour library in Huai’an. During long holidays such as the summer and winter vacations, she goes there almost every day, staying for up to nine hours each time to study subjects like computer science, English, and law, according to Ma. “This library is very quiet as many people are studying. It motivates me,” Ma noted, although she admitted that occasional noise can be a distraction. A social media user surnamed Luo often visits a 24-hour library in Beijing’s Xicheng district. “The place is packed with more people reading than working, and others preparing for exams. The atmosphere is quite peaceful,” Luo told the Global Times. “There’s a noticeable increase in visitors at night, including seniors with children and professionals, but most go there to read. It feels quite relaxing. Now, besides cafes, there’s another place for me to go after work in the evening ,” Luo added. According to a national reading survey, in April, the average Chinese adult read 4.75 physical books and 3.40 e-books in 2023. As of the end of 2023, China boasted 3,246 public libraries with a total collection of 1.44 billion books, marking a 5.6 percent increase from 2022. 9．What do we know about the 24-hour library? A．It shows the growing love for reading among Chinese citizens. B．Readers can borrow and return books using the self-service machine. C．Reading has become an important part of promoting public education. D．We can invite authors where they share their thoughts and experiences with us. 10．What is the main reason Ye chooses to study at the 24-hour library? A．Because it provides a wide range of information resources. B．Because it offers various choices and convenience. C．Because she enjoys the public study atmosphere. D．Because she longs for the public cultural spaces. 11．How many physical books did the average Chinese adult read in 2023? A．4.75. B．3.40. C．5.60. D．1.44. 12．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．24-hour libraries gain popularity across China. B．The libraries are not just a leisure, but a way of life. C．Readers go after a spiritual and cultural life. D．There’s a noticeable increase in visitors to libraries. 主题03 人与社会——科普知识 Passage 1 （24-25高一上・四川成都立格实验学校・期中） Carrots are grown on farms and in family gardens throughout the world. Carrots are easy to raise and easy to harvest. They taste good, and people from all countries love them. When people think of carrots, they usually picture in their minds a vegetable that is long, thin and orange in colour. But carrots come in many different sizes and shapes. And not all carrots are orange. For the best results, carrots should be grown in sandy soil (土壤) that does not hold water for a long time. The soil also should have no rocks. To prepare your carrots garden, dig up the soil, loosen it and turn it over. Then, mix in some plant material or animal fertilizer. Weather, soil conditions and age will affect how carrots taste. Experts say warm days, cool nights and a medium soil temperature are the best conditions for growing carrots that taste great. Carrots need time to develop their full sugar content. This gives them their good taste. But carrots lose their sweetness if you wait too long to remove them from the ground. The best way to determine if a carrot is ready to be harvested is by its colour. Usually, the brighter the colour, the better the taste. Carrots are prepared and eaten in many different ways. They are cut in thin pieces and added to other vegetables. They are cooked by themselves or added to stews. Or, once they are washed, they can also be eaten just as they come out of the ground. 1．What does the underlined word “picture” in paragraph 2 mean? A．Understand. B．Describe. C．Explain. D．Imagine. 2．Which of the following actions is NOT mentioned to be needed in planting carrots? A．Choosing wet land. B．Digging up the soil. C．Making the earth loose. D．Mixing in plant material or animal fertilizer. 3．What do we know about carrots according to the text? A．Orange is not the only colour that carrots have. B．They are easy to raise but hard to harvest. C．Only one factor affects the way carrots taste. D．It is only by colour that you can decide if you should harvest them. 4．Why should people harvest carrots at certain time? A．Because sometimes people are very busy. B．Because it takes time for carrots to keep sugar. C．Because carrots have different kinds. D．Because weather always changes. Passage 2 （23-24高一上・四川成都石室中学・期中） Nine out of every ten humans are right-handed, an imbalance that researchers for decades have attempted to explain, without definitive success. One of the ideas considered is the fighting hypothesis (假说), which suggests that left-handedness provides an advantage in fight, although with an overall hit to physical health that keeps lefties rare in the population. Indeed, males-who historically have competed most strongly for resources and mates - are left-handed at slightly higher rates than females. Moreover, studies suggest that lefties tend to outperform right-handed people in fighting sports as well as in some ball games that require hand-eye coordination like tennis, baseball, and volleyball. However, a big problem with the fighting hypothesis is that its predicted health disadvantage hasn’t been proven in large studies. On the whole, left-handed people don’t seem to suffer from more health problems than right-handed people, nor do they live shorter lives. Noticing this, three scientists coming from Sweden and the UK proposed an update to the hypothesis. In an article published in the journal Symmetry, they say that right-handed humans actually had a greater fighting advantage over much of our species’ history, which is why they’ve become far more numerous. According to the researchers, it has something to do with the position of the heart and the idea that humans did most of their fighting with handheld, pointy weapons for much of our species’ existence. About three-quarters of the heart is situated in the left hemithorax (左胸腔), making the left side of the chest an easy target for a mortal blow. The researchers note that when humans battle with stabbing weapons, the hand used to hold the weapon determines which area of the chest is exposed to an enemy. A left-handed grasp will rotate the left side of the chest to the right, and thus most of the heart toward an enemy, while a right-handed grip will rotate it away. Generally, this means that right-handed humans might be more protected from a deadly strike. But it should be noted that this new explanation for the predominance of right-handed people is still very much a hypothesis, and yet unproven. 5．Why are most people right-handed according to the previous hypothesis? A．Because right-handedness has an advantage in the fight. B．Because lefties tend to underperform in the competition. C．Because left-handedness poses a threat to the overall health. D．Because lefties historically competed strongly for resources and mates. 6．What can we infer from the passage? A．Right-handed people have a higher risk of developing health problems. B．The researchers have confirmed why most people are right-handed. C．It’s still under research why most people are right-handed. D．The position of our heart decides we are right-handed. 7．What will the left-handed grasping weapon possibly lead to? A．It will protect us from a deadly strike. B．It will expose most of the heart to an enemy. C．It will turn the right side of the chest to the left. D．It will make the upper chest a target for a mortal blow. 8．What is the author’s attitude to the updated fighting hypothesis? A．Objective. B．Negative. C．Positive. D．Doubtful. Passage 3 （24-25高一上・四川南充高级中学・期中） A new study published in Cell reports that a mosquito’s (蚊子) sense of smell is more complicated than thought. And it may explain how this insect is so good at seeking you out and so on. Meg Younger, a neuroscientist at Boston University, is co-author of the study. When I visited her lab, she introduced me to her subjects, opening up one of the large cubes set to 80 degrees. Each is filled with100-plus mosquitoes. Younger places one of the mosquito-filled cubes on a lab bench, and breathes out gently into it. Meeting the carbon dioxide, the insects go wild for other cues, like the complex blend of human body odor (气味)—that’s magnetic to a mosquito. This attraction isn’t merely a nuisance (麻烦事) for humans worldwide. So scientists have attempted to break it. But try as they might, it’s been frustratingly hard to find chemical means of battling mosquitoes. By looking into the mosquito’s brain to work out how it smells its surroundings, Younger and her colleagues have taken steps to do just that. Most of what they know about the neuroscience of smell comes from mice and fruit flies, where the wiring’s fairly simple. Each neuron (神经元) in the nose or antenna has one kind of receptor that detects a single kind of odor—say , a banana. And all the neurons with receptors for the banana smell connect to the same part of the brain. However, in case of mosquitoes, it doesn’t work. Younger and the others started searching inside mosquito brains, finding that each neuron there has multiple receptors that can detect multiple odors. The finding that a mosquito’s sense of smell is organized differently than expected may explain why its ability to sniff people out isn’t so easy to break. It gives the insect a kind of built-in redundancy (复置装置) in the system. Because humans all smell different, mosquitoes may rely on this redundancy to broaden their target of what a person smells like. This work could give researchers additional ways to prevent the bugs, like developing traps that contain new fragrance blends that are more attractive than people. 9．What might be the author’s job? A．An interviewer. B．A driver. C．A librarian. D．A dentist. 10．What does the underlined “it” refer to in the fourth paragraph? A．The attraction of mixed smell from human. B．The draw of carbon dioxide. C．The appeal of human body odor. D．The use of Chemical means. 11．What difficulty do the scientists have in the study? A．They hardly know about neuroscience. B．They cann’t locate mosquitoes’ brain. C．They want the theory of neuroscience. D．They are facing a new project. 12．What’s the author’s attitude towards the study? A．Negative B．Helpful C．Doubtful D．Inspiring / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 专题01 阅读理解 应用文＋说明文 主题01 人与社会——旅游 Passage 1 （23-24高一上・四川雅安天立集团・期中） Sawdust Winter Fantasy If you’re looking for the best way to kick off the holiday, check out Sawdust’s Winter Fantasy, where you can support local artists and get into the spirit of the holidays. This annual event features live music, delicious food and drinks, as well as 165 local artists with their products. Location: 935 Laguna Canyon Road Dates: Nov.19 to Dec.18 Times: 10 a. m. to 7 p. m. Price: Adults $10, Children $5 LA County Parks Winter Wonderland Los Angeles County Parks will host a Winter Wonderland with tons of snow. The free event will feature photo opportunities, holiday treats, and a craft village where kids can decorate their own stockings. Location: 1324 5th St. in Downtown Santa Monica Dates: Dec.2 to Dec.17 Times: Times vary Price: Free The Polar Express Train Ride This magical one-hour trip to the North Pole features a read-along of the timeless story, hot chocolate, caroling, a golden ticket, and delicious treats. Santa and his little helpers are also scheduled to come on board to greet the passengers and give each guest their first gift of Christmas. Location: 2201 SA St., Perris, CA 92570 Dates: Dec.20 to Dec.28 Times: 11:30 a. m. to 8 p. m. Price: Range from $44 to $70 Christmas on the Farm Celebrate the holiday season at a farm featuring an animal center, tractor wagon rides, reindeer, and more. There’s also a holiday train and plenty of sleigh rides to go around. This is the perfect family event for all to enjoy. Location: Moorpark, CA 93021 Dates: Nov.25 to Dec.24 Times: 9 a. m. to 6 p. m. Price: $10 to $ 14 1．If a couple with two children chooses Sawdust Winter Fantasy, they should pay __________. A．$10 B．$20 C．$25 D．$30 2．Where can kids decorate their stockings? A．At 935 Laguna Canyon Road. B．At 1324 5th St. in Downtown Santa Monica. C．At 2201 SA St., Perris, CA 92570. D．At Moorpark, CA 93021. 3．When can visitors take sleigh rides to celebrate the holiday? A．On Nov.17. B．On Nov.19. C．On Dec.20. D．On Dec.28. 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．C 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍冬季的一些旅游景点。 1．细节理解题。根据Sawdust Winter Fantasy中“Price: Adults $10, Children $5(价格：成人$10，儿童$5)”可知，如果一对夫妻带两个小孩选择了该项目，需要支付30美元。故选D项。 2．细节理解题。根据LA County Parks Winter Wonderland部分中的“The free event will feature photo opportunities, holiday treats, and a craft village where kids can decorate their own stockings.(这项免费活动将提供拍照机会、节日美食和一个手工艺村，孩子们可以在那里装饰自己的袜子。)”及“Location: 1324 5th St. in Downtown Santa Monica(地点：1324 5th St. in Downtown Santa Monica)”可知，孩子们可以在1324 5th St. in Downtown Santa Monica装饰他们的长袜。故选B项。 3．细节理解题。根据Christmas on the Farm部分中的“There’s also a holiday train and plenty of sleigh rides to go around. This is the perfect family event for all to enjoy.(这里还有一列假日火车和大量的雪橇活动。这是一个完美的家庭活动，所有人都可以享受。)”可知，在这个项目中，人们可以坐雪橇，其时间为Dates:Nov.25 to Dec.24，由此可知，12月20这个时间是合适的。故选C项。 Passage 2 （24-25高一上・四川绵阳・期中） Digital financial services company Remitly recently determined the world’s friendliest nations in a new report. The company surveyed 3,000 people from 27 countries on their “agreeableness” (亲和性) from the popular Big 5 Personality Test in April. People were given a score between 1 and 40, the higher the score, the friendlier the country. Estonia, 32.58 Estonia is ranked as one of the friendliest countries for travelers. Home to two UNESCO World Heritage Sites and more than 1,000 islands, Estonia has friendly locals who are known to be respectful and polite to foreigners. Belgium, 32.5 As a western European country at only 30,528 square kilometers, Belgium is known for its rich history and various attractions. English is easily spoken there, which makes it easy to meet locals. Belgians are known to be polite and social, so you can feel comfortable asking locals for directions. Germany, 32.66 Some of Europe’s major rivers, like the Rhine and Danube, flow through Germany. Thanks to its central situation, Germany has more neighbors than any other European country. There’s a lot of history and culture to uncover in Germany. Germans aren’t known for engaging in small talk but will help you out if you’re in need. South Africa, 34.63 South Africa is also known as the “Rainbow Nation”. Since the air is fresh and the sunshine is in abundant supply, rainbows often appear after the rain. But the most important reason is its multi-culture, with white, black, yellow, varicolored people contributing to the unique landscape of South Africa. 4．Which of the countries is the friendliest? A．Estonia. B．Belgium. C．Germany. D．South Africa. 5．What do Belgium and Germany have in common? A．Large land areas. B．Bad small talkers. C．The number of neighbors. D．The history worth exploring. 6．What is the main reason why South Africa is called the “Rainbow Nation”? A．Fresh air. B．Rich culture. C．Plenty of sunshine. D．Beautiful landscape. 【答案】4．D 5．D 6．B 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了Remitly公司最近公布的新报告中的四个世界上最友好的国家。 4．细节理解题。根据第一段中“People were given a score between 1 and 40, the higher the score, the friendlier the country. (人们的得分在1到40之间，得分越高，这个国家越友好)”和下面四段每段的小标题“Estonia, 32.58 (爱沙尼亚，32.58分)”、“Belgium, 32.5 (比利时，32.5分)”、“Germany, 32.66 (德国，32.66分)”及“South Africa, 34.63 (南非，34.63分)”可知，这四个国家中南非得分最高，是最友好的国家。故选D项。 5．细节理解题。根据Belgium部分的“As a western European country at only 30,528 square kilometers, Belgium is known for its rich history and various attractions. (作为一个面积只有30528平方公里的西欧国家，比利时以其丰富的历史和各种景点而闻名)”和Germany部分的“There’s a lot of history and culture to uncover in Germany. (德国有很多历史和文化有待发掘)”可知，比利时和德国的共同之处是它们的历史值得探索。故选D项。 6．细节理解题。根据South Africa部分的“But the most important reason is its multi-culture, with white, black, yellow, varicolored people contributing to the unique landscape of South Africa. (但最重要的原因是它的多元文化，白人、黑人、黄种人和各种肤色的人构成了南非独特的景观)”可知，南非被称为“彩虹之国”的主要原因是其丰富的文化。故选B项。 Passage 3 （24-25高一上・四川成都外国语学校・期中） 4 Days Private Tour of Johannesburg — Kruger National Park — Johannesburg Guide: English-speaking driver guide, experienced and knowledgeable Accommodation: 4-star hotels, also be open to your own choice Travel arrangements: Day 1 Fly to Kruger National Park, Sunset game drive This morning, your English-speaking driver will pick you up at the hotel and drive you to Johannesburg Airport for the one-hour flight to Hoedspruit Airport. On arrival, you will be sent to Arathusa Safari Lodge in Sabi Sand Private Game Reserve, where you’ll spend 3 nights. You’ll have the first game drive after sunset. Day 2 Sabi Sand Game Reserve safari (游猎) The second day of the South Africa private tour package you will have a full day safari in Sabi Sand Game Reserve. Day 3 Private Panorama Route tour After breakfast, your driver guide will pick you up to start today’s tour along the Panorama Route. On the way you will visit God’s Window, Lisbon Falls, Berlin Falls, the Pinnacle, Bourke’s Luck Potholes, and Blyde River Canyon. Day 4 Sunrise game drive, Fly back to Johannesburg After enjoying the sunrise game drive, we will send you to Hoedspruit Airport for a flight back to Johannesburg. Note: The flight tickets of Johannesburg/Hoedspruit/Johannesburg are included in the tour. Tour prices: 2-3 travelers, $2729; 4-5 travelers, $2549. Prices are per person in US Dollars. Price includes accommodation with daily breakfast at our hotels, and service of English-speaking driver guide. Price doesn’t include international flights into and out South Africa, personal expenses (such as telephone, drinks, etc.), tips for the driver guide or South Africa visa fees. 7．What will happen on the first day of the tour? A．Sunrise game drive. B．Tours along Panorama Route. C．Sabi Sand Game Reserve safari. D．Arathusa Safari Lodge check-in. 8．How much should a couple pay if they join a 4-traveler group? A．$2549. B．$5098. C．$2729. D．$5458. 9．What is included in the tour price? A．South Africa visa fees. B．Tips for the driver guide. C．Air tickets of Johannesburg/Hoedspruit. D．Accommodation and meals at self-chosen hotels. 【答案】7．D 8．B 9．C 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了为期四天的约翰内斯堡至克鲁格国家公园私人定制游的行程安排和费用详情。 7．细节理解题。根据文章Travel arrangements:部分中“Day 1 Fly to Kruger National Park, Sunset game drive (第一天飞往克鲁格国家公园，日落之旅)”和“On arrival, you will be sent to Arathusa Safari Lodge in Sabi Sand Private Game Reserve, where you’ll spend 3 nights. (抵达后，您将被送往萨比沙私人野生动物保护区的阿拉图萨狩猎小屋，在那里您将度过3个晚上)”可知，第一天的行程包括抵达阿拉图萨狩猎小屋入住，并进行第一次日落后的游猎活动。故选D。 8．细节理解题。根据文章Tour prices:部分中“2-3 travelers, $2729; 4-5 travelers, $2549. Prices are per person in US Dollars. (2-3名旅客，2729美元；4-5位旅客，2549美元。费用是每人以美元计算的)”可知，4人旅行团每人价格为2549，因此一对夫妇需支付2549，因此一对夫妇需支付2549*2=$5098 (美元)。故选B。 9．细节理解题。根据文章Note:部分中“The flight tickets of Johannesburg/Hoedspruit/Johannesburg are included in the tour. (约翰内斯堡/胡德斯普鲁特/约翰内斯堡的往返机票已包含在行程中)”可知，约翰内斯堡/胡德斯普鲁特之间的机票是包含在内的。故选C。 主题02 人与自我——生活与学习 Passage 1 （24-25高一上・四川成都石室中学・期中） A Guide to New York City’s Best Bookstores In the hot and crowded summer city, there’s nothing better than finding a cool and quiet bookstore to get lost in. Undoubtedly, a great bookstore can provide both relaxation and inspiration. Here are the must-visit bookstores in New York City: McNally Jackson McNally Jackson is a beloved independent bookstore with multiple locations, known for its good selection and welcoming atmosphere. Besides offering a wide range of genres, many locations feature a cozy café where you can enjoy coffee, pastries, and light snacks while browsing or reading. The Mysterious Bookshop As the name suggests, The Mysterious Bookshop specializes in mystery, crime, and detective fiction, offering a wide range of related books. The store regularly hosts book signings and readings with well-known authors in the mystery genre, providing fans with opportunities to meet their favorite writers. The knowledgeable staff is passionate about mystery fiction and can provide personalized recommendations. Dashwood Books For those who love photography, Dashwood Books is a hidden paradise on Bond Street. Here you can find rare, limited, and out-of-print photo books. Some days, you’ll ever find bargain bins (柜) located near the back of the store, with options for less than＄5 a pop. Fashion designers, such as Simone Rocha, have been known to wander to the store for inspiration. Chelsea Market’s Posman Books Posman Books at Chelsea Market is a delightful spot for book lovers, hidden in one of NYC’s most popular food markets. The store offers a good selection of bestsellers, children’s books, and unique gifts, making it a great place to pick up something special while exploring the market. 1．Which bookstore can provide some advice? A．McNally Jackson B．Dashwood Books C．The Mysterious Bookshop D．Chelsea Market’s Posman Books 2．What unique feature does Posman Books have? A．A large selection of rare books. B．A location within a food market. C．Special events with famous authors. D．A wide collection of mystery novels. 3．What is the main purpose of the passage? A．To promote online book shopping. B．To offer recommendations for bookstores. C．To compare the service of some bookstores. D．To discuss the history of some bookstores. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．B 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了纽约市最好的几家书店，包括它们各自的特色和吸引点。 1．细节理解题。根据The Mysterious Bookshop部分中的“The knowledgeable staff is passionate about mystery fiction and can provide personalized recommendations.( 知识渊博的工作人员对神秘小说充满热情，可以提供个性化的推荐)”可知，The Mysterious Bookshop这家书店可以提供一些建议。故选C项。 2．细节理解题。根据Chelsea Market’s Posman Books部分中的“Posman Books at Chelsea Market is a delightful spot for book lovers, hidden in one of NYC’s most popular food markets. (切尔西市场的波斯曼书店是书籍爱好者的一个愉悦之地，它隐藏在纽约市最受欢迎的一个食品市场内)”可知，Posman Books的独特之处在于它位于一个食品市场内。故选B项。 3．推理判断题。通读全文，结合文章标题“A Guide to New York City’s Best Bookstores(纽约市最佳书店指南)”以及第一段中的“Here are the must-visit bookstores in New York City: (以下是纽约市必去的书店)”可知，文章主要介绍了纽约市最好的几家书店，故文章的主要目的是为读者推荐一些书店。故选B项。 Passage 2 （23-24高一上・四川成都树德中学・期中） GET A BIRD’S-EYE VIEW OF THE WORLD’S MOST ATTRACTIVE FEATHERED ANIMALS WITH THESE BOOKS. Flamingo Biologist and photographer Claudio Contreras Koob spent 20 years travelling deep into the wet lands and forests of his native Mexico — and beyond — to feed his flamingo attraction. This book offers a unique window into the behavior and life of red-feathered birds, with more than 120 show-stopping shots displaying their beauty. teNeues, £35. Around the World in 80 Birds Inspiring secrets, national pride or scientific discoveries, every bird has a story to tell, from the weaver bird building multi-nest “apartment blocks” in Namibia to the bar-headed goose taking on a twice-yearly trans- Himalayan journey at an extreme altitude. Mike Unwin’s tour is accompanied by beautiful illustrations from Ryuto Miyake. Laurence King Publishing, £22. A World on the Wing Pulitzer-shortlisted Weidensaul, who’s at the forefront of research into bird migration, here tracks some of nature’s most remarkable journeys. He sails through the stormy Bering Sea, encounters trappers in the Mediterranean and visits former headhunters in northeast India, where a bird migration crisis has become a conservation success story. Pan Macmillan, £9.99. Galapagos Crusoes: A Year Alone with the Birds Explore this updated version of the 1968 title, Galapagos: Islands of Birds, by late bird expert Bryan Nelson, with previously unpublished material from his wife, June. The couple spent a year living on two Galapagos islands, studying birds, including the Galapagos albatross. This is their clever and amusing description. Bradt Guides, £11.99. 4．By whom is the second most expensive book illustrated? A．Claudio Contreras Koob. B．Ryuto Miyake. C．Mike Unwin. D．Weidensaul. 5．Which book best suits those concerned about the survival of migratory birds? A．Flamingo. B．Around the World in 80 Birds. C．A World on the Wing. D．Galapagos Crusoes: A Year Alone with the Birds. 6．What feature may Galapagos Crusoes: A Year Alone with the Birds have? A．Its moving plot. B．Its vivid imagination. C．Its romantic style. D．Its humorous content. 【答案】4．B 5．C 6．D 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四本与鸟类有关的书籍。 4．细节理解题。根据文章内容可知Flamingo售价35英镑；Around the World in 80 Birds售价22英镑；A World on the Wing售价9.99英镑；Galapagos Crusoes: A Year Alone with the Birds售价11.99英镑。再根据Around the World in 80 Birds部分中“Mike Unwin’s tour is accompanied by beautiful illustrations from Ryuto Miyake.(Mike Unwin的旅行伴随着Ryuto Miyake的美丽插图)”可知，第二贵的插图书是Ryuto Miyake写的。故选B。 5．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“Pulitzer-shortlisted Weidensaul, who’s at the forefront of research into bird migration, here tracks some of nature’s most remarkable journeys. He sails through the stormy Bering Sea, encounters trappers in the Mediterranean and visits former headhunters in northeast India, where a bird migration crisis has become a conservation success story.(入围普利策奖的Weidensaul是鸟类迁徙研究的前沿人物，他在这里追踪了一些大自然最非凡的旅程。他航行穿过狂风暴雨的白令海，在地中海遇到捕猎者，并拜访印度东北部的前猎头，那里的鸟类迁徙危机已成为保护鸟类的成功案例)”可知，A World on the Wing最适合那些关心候鸟生存的人。故选C。 6．细节理解题。根据Galapagos Crusoes: A Year Alone with the Birds部分中“This is their clever and amusing account.(这是他们机智而有趣的叙述)”可知，Galapagos Crusoes: A Year Alone with the Birds的特色是幽默内容。故选D。 Passage 3 （23-24高一上・四川成都外国语学校・期中） It is very challenging when it comes to trying to master the English language. However, there are some things you can do to improve your English learning. The following books are an excellent way for people trying to learn English or get better at it. Oxford Picture Dictionary This is a great book for those who like to learn things visually. You can use the pictures to learn many new words each day. There is also a bilingual version for those who want to learn using their own native language. Word Power Made Easy This useful dictionary provides one of the best ways to learn over 1,000 of the words which are most commonly used in English. The book has many interesting activities and games, and gives tips on avoiding spelling errors. NTC Vocabulary Builders Students who are more advanced in the English language will greatly like NTC Vocabulary Builders. If you want to build your English vocabulary, then this book is a good choice. English Vocabulary in Use Series This is one of the best-selling books by Cambridge University Press. The book is good for students of the English language of all levels who want to have a wider vocabulary. You can choose to learn British English or American English. Improving your English is one of the best ways to make sure that you will do great in life. It can open many doors for you. For those who are not native English speakers, these books will come in handy. With hard work, anyone can be a master of the English language. 7．What is special about Oxford Picture Dictionary? A．It is designed for language beginners. B．It offers advice on language learning. C．It provides many pictures to help learn language. D．It gives learners a lot of interesting daily tasks. 8．Which book provides ways to help you make fewer mistakes in spelling? A．Oxford Picture Dictionary. B．Word Power Made Easy C．NTC Vocabulary Builders. D．English Vocabulary in Use Series. 9．What do the four books have in common? A．They only provide English versions. B．They are all fur beginners. C．They help you to do great in life. D．They help to learn vocabulary. 【答案】7．C 8．B 9．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了一些可以帮助人们学习或者提高英语水平的书籍。 7．细节理解题。根据Oxford Picture Dictionary中“You can use the pictures to learn many new words each day. (你可以每天使用图片学习很多新单词)”可知，Oxford Picture Dictionary的独特之处在于其提供了许多帮助学习语言的图片。故选C项。 8．细节理解题。根据Word Power Made Easy中“The book has many interesting activities and games, and gives tips on avoiding spelling errors.(这本书有许多有趣的活动和游戏，并提供了避免拼写错误的提示)”可知，Word Power Made Easy这本书提供了避免拼写错误的方法。故选B项。 9． 细节理解题。根据Oxford Picture Dictionary部分的“You can use the pictures to learn many new words each day. (你可以每天使用图片学习很多新单词)”、Word Power Made Easy部分的“This useful dictionary provides one of the best ways to learn over 1,000 of the words which are most commonly used in English.(这本有用的词典为学习英语中最常用的1000多个单词提供了最好的方法之一。)”、NTC Vocabulary Builders部分的“If you want to build your English vocabulary, then this book is a good choice.(如果你想扩大你的英语词汇量，那么这本书是一个很好的选择。)”和English Vocabulary in Use Series 部分的“The book is good for students of the English language of all levels who want to have a wider vocabulary. (这本书适合想要扩大词汇量的各级英语学习者。)”可知，这四本书的共同之处是它们都能帮助学习词汇。故选D项。 Passage 4 （24-25高一上・四川广安友实学校・期中） Freshman year of high school is a big transition (过渡) for any student. Luckily, you’re not the only person going through this, and plenty of others have made the transition before you too. One of the most obvious ways in which high school is different from middle school or junior high is the higher expectations. You’ll find that you’re expected to keep closer track of your own schedule and responsibilities with fewer people checking up on you. At the same time, your classes are likely to become more challenging, and you might be participating in new school activities as well. Some students find it hard to keep up with everything at first, which is totally normal. One way to prepare in advance for these higher expectations is to make sure that you have organized schedules in place before you start high school. Another important skill for meeting these higher expectations is building a strong support network. No matter how strong a student you are, at some point you will need some help. Keeping healthy relationships with your friends and teachers is a great way to make sure that you have people who are willing to help when you need them. Try to get to know at least some of your teachers beyond your classroom communication. Be an active learner during class and stay after class to ask questions. Take advantage of email or class messaging systems. The better your teachers know you, the better prepared they’ll be to help when you need them. It’s important for you to keep in mind as you start high school that no one is perfect. Transitions are hard for everyone, and starting high school is a big transition. These challenges provide a great chance to recreate yourself. 10．In the author’s view, the biggest difference between high school and middle school is _______. A．different relationships B．the higher pressure C．high academic achievement D．the higher expectations 11．Which of the following suggestion is not mentioned in the text? A．Careful schedules. B．Healthy relationships. C．Using network information. D．Recreating yourself. 12．Who is the article written for? A．Students who are in trouble. B．Teachers who are responsible for students . C．Teachers worried about the students . D．Students stepping into senior high. 13．What is the best title for the text? A．How to Adapt to Senior High as A Freshman B．How to Become an Active Learner in High School C．What to Prepare to Keep up with Everything in High School D．How to Meet Your Teacher’s High Expectations 【答案】10．D 11．D 12．D 13．A 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了高一对于任何新生来说都是一个巨大的转变，介绍了初高中的不同，同时提出了如何在高一时作出适应性改变。 10．细节理解题。根据文章第二段内容“One of the ways in which high school is different from middle school or junior high the most is the higher expectations.(高中与初中最不同的一个方面是更高的期望。)”可知，根据作者的阐述，高中与初中最不同的地方是（高中的）期望更高。故选D项。 11．细节理解题。根据文章第四段内容“One way to prepare in advance for these higher expectations is to make sure that you have organized schedules in place before you start high school.(提前为这些更高的期望做好准备的一种方法是确保在开始高中之前，你已经安排好了时间表。)”，第五段内容“Keeping healthy relationships with your friends and teachers is a great way to make sure that you have people who are willing to help when you need them.(与朋友和老师保持健康的关系是确保你有愿意在需要时提供帮助的人的好方法。)”以及第六段内容“Be an active learner during class and stay after class to ask questions. Take advantage of email or class messaging systems.(在课堂上积极学习，课后留下来提问。利用电子邮件或课堂消息系统。)”可知，作者在文章中提到的建议有：做好时间安排表（A. Careful schedules.），与朋友和老师保持良好的关系（B. Healthy relationships.）以及利用网络消息系统了解老师（C. Using network information.）。而选项D“Recreating yourself.(重塑自我。)”是文章末尾段落句内容“These challenges provide a great chance to recreate yourself.(这些挑战为重塑自我提供了绝佳的机会。)”，为事实描述句，不是建议。故选D项。 12．推理判断题。根据文章末尾段内容“It’s important for you to keep in mind as you start high school that no one is perfect. Transitions are hard for everyone, and starting high school is a big transition.(当你开始上高中时，记住人无完人这一点很重要。过渡对每个人来说都很难，进入高中是一个重大的转变。)”可推知，文章的内容主要针对的要进入高中的学生。故选D项。 13．主旨大意题。根据文章前两段内容“Freshman year of high school is a big transition for any student. Luckily, you’re not the only person going through this, and plenty of others have made the transition before you too.(对任何一个学生来说，高一都是一个重大的转变。幸运的是，你不是唯一一个经历这种情况的人，很多人也在你之前经历过这种转变。)”提出的话题可知，文章围绕“进入高一的个人转变”这一话题进行了讲述，接着在下文介绍了如何应对这一转变。因此，选项A“How to Adapt to Senior High as A Freshman(新生如何适应高中)”贴合文章主旨，可作最佳标题。故选A项。 主题03 人与社会——科普知识 Passage 1 （24-25高一上・四川乐山第一中学校・期中） Just like humans, pets can suffer from some health problems as they age. As your furry friends get older, it’s important to look out for these four changes in your pets, because solving them early may greatly improve their well-being, lifespan and quality of life. Obvious Weight Changes If your pets either lose or gain weight quickly in a short time, it’s time to go to see the vet. Obvious weight changes can show problems such as heart disease, liver disease, which are sometimes related to aging. Signs of Chronic(慢性的)Pain Chronic pain can exist in pets in many different ways, such as repeated biting, or little interest in moving or jumping. If your furry friends are struggling to move, or are slower when getting up and down, it’s time to arrange a trip to the vet. Changes in Appetite(胃口) Several health problems in pets can appear in a change of appetite, whether it’s a decrease or increase in hunger. Changes in appetite might be due to dental problems, gastrointestinal problems or more severe conditions like cancer. Changes in Behavior As pets age, they can experience similar problems to humans, such as changes in vision, hearing and general confusion. Some pets can even experience dementia (痴呆). Although there is no cure, management is possible through medication, dietary adjustments and lifestyle changes and available under veterinary guidance. 1．What may your furry friends suffer from if they don’t want to move? A．Heart disease. B．Dental problems. C．Chronic pain. D．Dementia. 2．Which of the following you don’t need to worry about? A．Pets put on weight bit by bit. B．Pets show no interest in their usual food. C．Pets bite something over and over again. D．Pets have trouble with their vision and hearing. 3．Who might be the intended readers of the passage? A．Animal lovers. B．Animal experts. C．Pet owners. D．Pet shop owners.. 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了宠物随着年龄增长可能遇到的四种健康问题。 1．细节理解题。根据Signs of Chronic(慢性的)Pain部分的“Chronic pain can exist in pets in many different ways, such as repeated biting, or little interest in moving or jumping.(慢性疼痛可以以许多不同的方式存在于宠物身上，比如反复啃咬，或者对移动或跳跃不感兴趣)”可知，如果宠物不想移动，可能是慢性疼痛的表现。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据Obvious Weight Changes部分的“If your pets either lose or gain weight quickly in a short time, it’s time to go to see the vet.(如果你的宠物在短时间内迅速减重或增重，那么是时候去看兽医了)”可知，宠物在短时间内迅速增加体重才需要关注。由此可知，逐渐增重则无需担心。故选A。 3．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“Just like humans, pets can suffer from some health problems as they age. As your furry friends get older, it’s important to look out for these four changes in your pets, because solving them early may greatly improve their well-being, lifespan and quality of life.(就像人类一样，宠物随着年龄的增长也会遭遇一些健康问题。随着你的毛茸茸的朋友逐渐变老，重要的是要留意它们身上的这四种变化，因为及早解决这些问题可能会极大地改善它们的健康、寿命和生活质量)”可知，文章主要介绍了宠物可能遇到的健康问题，并提醒宠物主人要密切关注。由此推知，文章的预期读者应该是宠物主人，他们会对如何照顾和保持宠物健康感兴趣。故选C。 Passage 2 （24-25高一上・四川乐山第一中学校・期中） New scientific research has found that attending live sporting events enhances levels of wellbeing. Published in the journal Frontiers in Public Health, the research is the first large-sized study to examine the benefits of attending any type of live sporting event. It found that attending live sporting events results in higher scores of two major measurements of subjective wellbeing-life satisfaction and a sense of “life being worthwhile” — as well as lower levels of loneliness. These results are significant as previous studies have shown that higher life satisfaction scores are associated with fewer life-limiting conditions, better physical health and successful ageing. The new study also found that attending live sporting events leads to an increase in people’s sense that “life is worthwhile,” and the size of this increase is comparable to that of gaining employment. Watching live sporting events can also offer an accessible and effective public health tool for improving wellbeing. Lead author Dr Helen Keyes, Head of the School of Psychology and Sport Science at Anglia Ruskin University (ARU), said: “Previous research has focused on certain sports or small population groups, such as college students in the United States. Ours is the first study to look at the benefits of attending any sporting event across an adult population, and therefore our findings could be useful for shaping future public health strategies, such as offering reduced ticket prices for certain groups.” The live events covered by the survey ranged from free amateur (业余的) events, such as watching village sports teams, right through to Premier League football matches. Therefore, further research needs to be carried out to see if these benefits are more pronounced for top level sport, or are more closely linked to supporting a specific team. However, without doubt, watching live sport of all types provides many opportunities for social interaction and this helps to shape group identity and belonging, which in turn boosts levels of wellbeing. 4．What can we learn about the new study from the passage? A．The study only covered Premier League football matches. B．Watching live sporting events has little effect on one’s wellbeing. C．It is the first one to study the benefits of attending live sporting events. D．Attending live sporting events increases life satisfaction and a sense of meaning. 5．What’s Dr. Helen Keyes’s attitude to the study? A．Objective. B．Neutral. C．Negative. D．Positive. 6．What does the underlined word “pronounced” in paragraph 5 mean? A．Suitable. B．Noticeable. C．Powerful. D．Important. 7．What is the best title for the passage? A．Attending Live Sport Improves Wellbeing B．Watching Live Sporting Events Has Many Benefits C．A Research on the Popularity of Live Sporting Events D．A Study on the Effects of Sporting Events on Physical Health 【答案】4．D 5．D 6．B 7．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了观看现场体育赛事提高幸福感的研究。 4．推理判断题。根据文章第二段“It found that attending live sporting events results in higher scores of two major measurements of subjective wellbeing-life satisfaction and a sense of “life being worthwhile” — as well as lower levels of loneliness. (研究发现，观看现场体育赛事的人在主观幸福感的两项主要指标——生活满意度和“生活有价值”感——上得分更高，孤独感也更低) ”可知，现场观看体育赛事可以提高生活满意度和生活意义。故选D项。 5．推理判断题。根据第四段中Dr. Helen Keyest的话“Ours is the first study to look at the benefits of attending any sporting event across an adult population, and therefore our findings could be useful for shaping future public health strategies…(我们的研究是第一个观察成年人参加任何体育赛事的好处的研究，因此我们的研究结果可能对制定未来的公共卫生战略有用)”可以看出，她对自己的研究持积极态度，认为这项研究对未来公共卫生策略的制定是有用的。故选D项。 6．词句猜测题。根据第五段“The live events covered by the survey ranged from free amateur (业余的) events, such as watching village sports teams, right through to Premier League football matches. Therefore, further research needs to be carried out to see if these benefits are more pronounced for top level sport, or are more closely linked to supporting a specific team.(调查涵盖的现场活动范围从免费的业余活动，比如观看乡村运动队，一直到英超联赛。因此，需要进行进一步的研究，看看这些好处是在顶级运动中更pronounced，还是与支持某个特定团队更密切相关)”可知，调查涵盖的现场活动范围从免费的业余活动，因此，需要进行进一步的研究，看看这些好处是在顶级运动中更明显。在这里，“pronounced”意味着“明显的、显著的”，与B项“noticeable”意思相符。故选B项。 7．主旨大意题。根据第一段“New scientific research has found that attending live sporting events enhances levels of wellbeing.(新的科学研究发现，观看现场体育赛事可以提高幸福水平)”可知，短文主要讲述了观看现场体育赛事提高幸福感的研究。故最佳标题为“观看现场体育赛事能提高人的幸福感”。故选A项。 Passage 3 （24-25高一上・四川乐山第一中学校・期中） Since 10 a.m. this morning, I’ve been staring at my computer screen in an attempt to squeeze an interesting article out of myself. Up until an hour ago, I only had 50 words and a dry title to show for eight hours of ‘work’. But as the sun set, I had about one hundred ideas pop into my head – like guests showing up too late to a party. Bursts of inspiration like this at night are frequent within the creative community. Writers, artists, and inventors throughout history have all said they’ve been most inspired during night-time. In the light of psychology, we write at night with less distractions (干扰). Kids put to bed and the world outside quiet, there’s very little that can pull us away from our writing. Also, most of the day’s tasks are complete by the evening. This means we have a whole day’s worth of inspiration and experience to reflect on, most of which comes out in our writing. Another factor is that the dark hours tend to be more relaxing: lighting is softer, we’re spending less time on social media, and the overall setting is quieter. This makes it ten times easier to focus on our writing. Chemically, our brains change too. When we sleep, certain parts of the brain shut down in preparation for it as the sun sets. In particular, much of the frontal lobe (前额叶) becomes inactive, so less energy is spent on decision-making and more is directed into other parts of the brain, specifically to the right hemisphere. Despite some debate surrounding the subject, scientists generally believe the creative control-centre of the brain is in the right hemisphere, which concerns itself with everything from emotions and intuition to the way we dream. When we reach night time, this side of our brain becomes more active because less energy is being used to power the rest of our brain. This is partly what allows creative surges to happen. However, that doesn’t mean you can’t enter a creative state during the day. If you can mirror night-time conditions, you stand the best chance of beating your writer’s block and letting words flow through you. 8．Why does the author mention his experience? A．To lead to his point. B．To prove his efforts. C．To display his routine life. D．To show off his writing talent. 9．What does Para 3 mainly talk about? A．The distractions at night. B．The way to relax at night. C．The mental advantages at night. D．The tasks to be done at night. 10．In our brains, creative thoughts increase sharply when ________. A．the frontal lobe functions well B．energy goes to decision-making C．emotions and dreams are absent D．the right hemisphere becomes active 11．Which of the following can be the best title? A．What Shall We Write at Night? B．When Do We Need to Write Most? C．Why Are We Most Creative at Night? D．How Can We Become A Creative Writer? 【答案】8．A 9．C 10．D 11．C 【导语】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了为什么我们在晚上最具创造力。 8．推理判断题。根据第一段“Since 10 a.m. this morning, I’ve been staring at my computer screen in an attempt to squeeze an interesting article out of myself. Up until an hour ago, I only had 50 words and a dry title to show for eight hours of ‘work’. But as the sun set, I had about one hundred ideas pop into my head – like guests showing up too late to a party. (从今天早上10点开始，我就一直盯着电脑屏幕，想挤出一篇有趣的文章。直到一个小时前，我只有50个单词和一个干巴巴的标题来展示8个小时的“工作”。但当太阳落山时，我的脑海里突然冒出了一百个想法——就像聚会上的客人来晚了一样)”可知，开篇作者提到自己在白天八小时里几乎毫无进展，但在夜晚灵感迸发，旨在引出文章讨论的主题，即为什么人们在夜间更有创造力。故选A项。 9．主旨大意题。根据第三段“This means we have a whole day’s worth of inspiration and experience to reflect on, most of which comes out in our writing. Another factor is that the dark hours tend to be more relaxing: lighting is softer, we’re spending less time on social media, and the overall setting is quieter. This makes it ten times easier to focus on our writing. (这意味着我们有一整天的灵感和经验可以反思，其中大部分都体现在我们的写作中。另一个因素是，黑暗的时间往往更令人放松：光线更柔和，我们花在社交媒体上的时间更少，整体环境更安静。这让我们更容易专注于写作)”可知，第三段主要分析晚上创作的心理优势。故选C项。 10．细节理解题。根据文章第四段中“Despite some debate surrounding the subject, scientists generally believe the creative control-centre of the brain is in the right hemisphere, which concerns itself with everything from emotions and intuition to the way we dream. When we reach night time, this side of our brain becomes more active because less energy is being used to power the rest of our brain. This is partly what allows creative surges to happen. (尽管围绕这一主题存在争议，但科学家们普遍认为，大脑的创造性控制中心位于右脑，右脑负责从情感、直觉到我们做梦的方式等一切事情。当我们进入夜间时，大脑的这一侧变得更加活跃，因为用来为大脑其他部分供电的能量减少了。这在一定程度上导致了创造力的激增)”可以推知，当右脑变得活跃时，我们的大脑会产生更多的创造性思维。故选D。 11．根据第三段“This means we have a whole day’s worth of inspiration and experience to reflect on, most of which comes out in our writing. Another factor is that the dark hours tend to be more relaxing: lighting is softer, we’re spending less time on social media, and the overall setting is quieter. This makes it ten times easier to focus on our writing. (这意味着我们有一整天的灵感和经验可以反思，其中大部分都体现在我们的写作中。另一个因素是，黑暗的时间往往更令人放松：光线更柔和，我们花在社交媒体上的时间更少，整体环境更安静。这让我们更容易专注于写作)”以及 根据文章第四段中“Despite some debate surrounding the subject, scientists generally believe the creative control-centre of the brain is in the right hemisphere, which concerns itself with everything from emotions and intuition to the way we dream. When we reach night time, this side of our brain becomes more active because less energy is being used to power the rest of our brain. This is partly what allows creative surges to happen.”（尽管围绕这一主题存在争议，但科学家们普遍认为，大脑的创造性控制中心位于右脑，右脑负责从情感、直觉到我们做梦的方式等一切事情。当我们进入夜间时，大脑的这一侧变得更加活跃，因为用来为大脑其他部分供电的能量减少了。这在一定程度上导致了创造力的激增。）可知，本文探讨了为什么人在夜晚更具创造力的原因。故“为什么我们在晚上最有创造力？”是最佳标题。故选C。 主题01 人与社会——旅游 Passage 1 （24-25高一上・四川南充高级中学・期中） Four Great National Parks in Kenya Sibiloi National Park Established in 1973 by the government of Kenya for the protection of wildlife, it covers about 1,570 km². Since the national park is near Lake Turkana, one can see a large collection of ocean life — over 350 species — and abundant wild life in the area. Sibiloi is also home to important archaeological (考古的) sites, including Koobi Fora where the fossil remains have contributed more to the understanding of human evolution than any other site on the continent. Maasai Mara Maasai Mara was originally established in 1961 as a wildlife sanctuary (保护区). Now the total area under conservation in the Greater Maasai Mara ecosystem amounts to almost 1,510 km². The Maasai Mara is home to one of the most amazing wonders of the world. Millions of people come to the park between July and October to see wildebeests migrate (迁徙). Ol Donyo Sabuk National Park The name of this park was established in 1967 and it is situated 65 km north of Nairobi. It covers only20.7 km². If you want to do some bird-watching together with a sample of wildlife like buffalos, leopards, baboons, and mongooses, then this is the place for you! It’s particularly attractive for hikers or families wanting some freedom and exercise, outside their vehicles. Meru National Park Meru National Park, established in 1966, is located east of Meru, 350km from Nairobi. Covering an area of 870.44 km², it’s one of the best-known national parks in Kenya. Rainfall in this area is abundant, with 635-762mm in the west of the park and 305-356 mm in the east. The park has over 500 species of birds, and a wide range of wild animals, including African bush elephants, lions, African leopards, cheetahs, etc. 1．What is special about Sibiloi National Park? A．It is located in a coastal area. B．It has a large collection of wildlife. C．It is the oldest national park in Kenya. D．It is a place of archaeological discoveries. 2．Where can people observe the seasonal movement of animals? A．Maasai Mara. B．Meru National Park. C．Sibiloi National Park. D．Ol Donyo Sabuk National Park. 3．What do Ol Donyo Sabuk National Park and Meru National Park have in common? A．They are thickly forested areas. B．They were established in the same year. C．They offer hiking opportunities to visitors.D．They are great destinations for bird-watching. 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．D 【导语】这是一篇应用文。本文主要介绍了肯尼亚的四个著名的国家公园。 1．细节理解题。根据“Sibiloi National Park”部分关键句“Sibiloi is also home to important archaeological (考古的) sites, including Koobi Fora where the fossil remains have contributed more to the understanding of human evolution than any other site on the continent. (锡比罗依也是重要考古遗址的所在地，包括科比福拉，在那里，化石遗骸对人类进化的理解比大陆上任何其他遗址都有更大的贡献。)”可知，锡比罗依国家公园是重要考古遗址的所在地，由此可知，锡比罗依国家公园的特别之处在于这是一个考古发现的地方。故选D项。 2．细节理解题。根据“Maasai Mara”部分关键句“Millions of people come to the park between July and October to see wildebeests migrate (迁徙). (7月至10月期间，数百万人来到公园观看角马迁徙。)”可知，人们可以在这里看到角马迁徙，由此可知，马赛马拉国家公园可以观察到动物的季节性迁徙。故选A项。 3．细节理解题。根据“Ol Donyo Sabuk National Park”部分关键句“If you want to do some bird-watching together with a sample of wildlife like buffalos, leopards, baboons, and mongooses, then this is the place for you! (如果你想和水牛、豹子、狒狒和猫鼬等野生动物一起观鸟，那么这里就是你的地方！)”和“Meru National Park”部分关键句“The park has over 500 species of birds, and a wide range of wild animals, including African bush elephants, lions, African leopards, cheetahs, etc. (该公园有500多种鸟类和各种各样的野生动物，包括非洲丛林象、狮子、非洲豹、猎豹等。)”可知，在这两个公园都可以观察到鸟类，由此可知，这两各公园有的共同点在于都是观鸟的好去处。故选D项。 Passage 2 （24-25高一上・四川射洪中学校・期中） Rome, Italy, Europe—A Walk Through History Every step in Rome is a walk through history. The city offers a look into the past with its ruins (废墟) and centuries-old buildings. Exploring Rome is also an opportunity to connect with the city’s cultural heritage (遗产). Best Time to Travel: April to June and September to October. Jaipur, India, Asia—The Pink City Jaipur is famous as the Pink City. It has a mix of royal (皇家的) history and a lively culture. The city’s special pink buildings, which show kindness, make a one-of-a-kind city view. Best Time to Travel: November to February. Cairo, Egypt, Africa—Land of Pharaohs Cairo serves as a gateway lo some of the world’s most attractive historical treasures. Visiting the Pyramids of Giza and the Sphinx, you’ll find yourself face to face with the heritage of ancient civilizations (文明). Exploring Cairo also involves wandering through the Khan El Khalili market to feel the modern Egyptian life. Best Time to Travel: October to April to avoid the heat. Istanbul, The Republic of Turkiye—Where East Meets West Lying at the crossroads of Europe and Asia, both geographically and culturally, Istanbul has a rich history, where influences from the East and the West are woven (交织). Famous buildings like Hagia Sophia and the Blue Mosque show this mix. In Istanbul, different cultures’ coming together is real and it affects its food, art, how the city looks, and how people live every day. Best Time to Travel: March to May and September to November. 4．What’s the suggested time to visit Jaipur? A．April. B．July. C．October. D．December. 5．Which may one choose if he is interested in seeing different cultures in one city? A．Jaipur. B．Istanbul. C．Cairo. D．Rome. 6．What do the four places have in common? A．They are all capitals of their countries. B．They provide delicious food. C．They have rich historical background. D．They are known for their modern buildings. 【答案】4．D 5．B 6．C 【导语】本文是一篇应用文，文章介绍了四个文化旅游城市。 4．细节理解题。根据Jaipur, India, Asia—The Pink City中的“Best Time to Travel: November to February.(最佳旅行时间：11月至次年2月。)”可知，去Jaipur最推荐的月份是11月到2月，D选项December符合题意。故选D。 5．细节理解题。根据Istanbul, The Republic of Turkiye—Where East Meets West中的“Lying at the crossroads of Europe and Asia, both geographically and culturally, Istanbul has a rich history, where influences from the East and the West are woven (交织).(伊斯坦布尔位于欧洲和亚洲的十字路口，无论是地理上还是文化上，都有着丰富的历史，东西方的影响在这里交织在一起。)”可知，在Istanbul可以见到交织在一起的不同文化。故选B。 6．细节理解题。根据Rome, Italy, Europe—A Walk Through History部分“Every step in Rome is a walk through history.(在罗马的每一步都是在穿越历史。)”，Jaipur, India, Asia—The Pink City部分“It has a mix of royal (皇家的) history and a lively culture.(它既有皇家历史，又有活泼的文化。)”，Cairo, Egypt, Africa—Land of Pharaohs部分“Cairo serves as a gateway lo some of the world’s most attractive historical treasures.(开罗是通往世界上一些最具吸引力的历史宝藏的门户。)”和Istanbul, The Republic of Turkiye—Where East Meets West部分的“Istanbul has a rich history, where influences from the East and the West are woven (交织).(伊斯坦布尔有着丰富的历史，东西方的影响交织在一起。)”可知，所有城市都是历史名城，都有着丰富的历史背景。故选C。 主题02 人与自我——生活与学习 Passage 1 （23-24高一上・四川成都七中万达学校・期中） Are you the kind of person who hated school? Or are you more like Michael Nicholson, who can’t stop learning? He currently has 30 degrees including 22 master’s and a doctor’s degree! If you’re also crazy about studying, you might be a philomath — a person who loves to learn and study. The word comes from Greek with “phil” meaning “a lover of” and “math” meaning “learning”. Humans are all philomaths to an extent — our brain is born to be curious. We want to learn and understand, partly to make sense of the world but also because of something called neoteny. This is a term that refers to the youthful characteristics of humans being remained into adulthood. One of these characteristics is neuroplasticity, which helps our brains stay flexible — this gives us the ability to learn throughout our lives. Many creatures which are close to us, like primates (灵长类), can’t do this and only learn during their youthhood. But for every person who loves learning, there are plenty who can’t stand it. Lots of people remember their school days as being boring or even pointless. Why is this? Educational experts have suggested that if an idea is too dull or too difficult to understand, it becomes harder to connect old and new ideas together. If that is the case, we lose interest and take in less information. This negative experience of education at school may lead to people avoiding learning opportunities in later life. So, don’t let a negative educational experience prevent you learning something new as an adult. Take advantage of your biology and discover your inner philomath. Who knows what you could achieve? 1．Why does the author mention “Michael Nicholson” in paragraph 1? A．To lead to a topic. B．To introduce a figure. C．To present a rule. D．To raise a question. 2．What is paragraph 2 mainly about? A．Humans can be lifelong learners. B．Creatures like primates can’t learn. C．Humans are born to know the world. D．Creatures have different learning abilities. 3．What may kill humans passion for later learning according to the text? A．Less learning opportunities. B．Old memories of school days. C．Ways to connect old and new ideas. D．Bad education experiences when young. 4．What does the author intend to do by writing this text? A．To praise people who can’t stop learning. B．To make it clear to people what is a philomath. C．To explain why some people don’t like studying. D．To encourage people to be passionate in learning. 【答案】1．A 2．A 3．D 4．D 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了不要让年幼时糟糕的教育经历阻止你成年后学习新的东西，我们要利用进化的生理优势并发现内在哲学，从而实现终身学习。 1．推理判断题。根据第一段“Or are you more like Michael Nicholson, who can’t stop learning? He currently has 30 degrees including 22 master’s and a doctor’s degree! If you’re also crazy about studying, you might be a philomath — a person who loves to learn and study.”（还是你更像迈克尔·尼科尔森一样无法停止学习？他目前拥有30个学位，包括22个硕士和1个博士学位！如果你也热衷于学习，你可能是一个爱做学问的人——一个热爱学习的人。）可知，作者在第一段中提到了“迈克尔·尼科尔森”是为了引出文章的话题——做热衷学习的人。故选A项。 2．段落大意题。根据第二段“We want to learn and understand, partly to make sense of the world but also because of something called neoteny. This is a term that refers to the youthful characteristics of humans being remained into adulthood. One of these characteristics is neuroplasticity, which helps our brains stay flexible — this gives us the ability to learn throughout our lives.”（我们想要学习和理解，部分原因是为了理解这个世界，但也因为一种叫做幼态的东西。这是一个术语，指的是人类一直保持到成年的年轻特征。其中一个特征是神经可塑性，它有助于我们的大脑保持灵活性——这使得我们有终身学习的能力。）可知，第二段主要讲的是人类可以成为终身学习者的原因。故选A项。 3．细节理解题。根据第三段“This negative experience of education at school may lead to people avoiding learning opportunities in later life.”（这种在学校接受教育的负面经历可能会导致人们在以后的生活中避免学习机会。）可知，可能会扼杀人类对日后学习的热情的是年少时糟糕的教育经历。故选D项。 4．推理判断题。根据最后一段“So, don’t let a negative educational experience prevent you learning something new as an adult. Take advantage of your biology and discover your inner philomath.”（所以，不要让消极的教育经历阻碍你成年后学习新东西。利用你的生物学优势，发现你内在的那个爱学习的人。）可知，作者通过写这篇文章是为了鼓励人们对学习保持热情。故选D项。 Passage 2 （24-25高一上・四川成都外国语学校・期中） It’s common that a Japanese-American bows on the phone — but only in Japanese. Behaviors and manners can become so routine that they appear even when there’s no need for them. Those who are bilingual (双语的) and bicultural know first-hand that how we behave can depend on what language we are speaking. Scientists have shown that who you are in the moment can depend on the language you are using at that time. This is because when you have an experience, the language you are using becomes associated with it. For bilingual people, this means certain memories are more closely associated with one language than the other — a phenomenon called “language-dependent memory”. For example, a childhood memory is more likely to be remembered when the language spoken during that childhood event is spoken again. How we think and feel can thus change depending on what language we are using. For example, people who are bilingual have an intensified (增强的) stress response when listening to the words of scolding in a native language. This may be, in part, because our early memories associated with learning a “bad” word or being scolded by our parents happened in our native language. Because emotions play a key role in how we make decisions, people are often more sensible when making choices in the less emotional foreign language. Language can even influence our decisions. When asked whether they would be willing to give one person’s life to save a group, people who speak more than one language are much more likely to say “yes” when answering in a foreign language. The unpleasant feelings that can prevent us from making difficult choices are reduced when we’re using a non-native language. The language we speak has an influence on how we think, feel, and even behave. In a way, knowing different languages can provide people with a variety of views through which to see the world. 5．Why is the example of the Japanese-American mentioned in Paragraph 1? A．To show Japanese people are polite. B．To show bowing is good manners. C．To show culture affects a person greatly. D．To show language affects a person’s behavior. 6．Why is a “language-dependent memory” so called? A．Memories are greatly influenced by a certain language. B．A childhood memory can be recalled in a certain language. C．A good memory can help you learn a language well. D．A language can determine a person’s memory. 7．When can a person who is bilingual make a wise decision? A．When speaking a native language. B．When speaking a foreign language. C．When making a random choice. D．When feeling very delighted. 8．What does the text mainly tell us? A．The language you are speaking determines your character. B．You can be influenced by the language you are speaking. C．A new language can bring out a new self. D．The more languages we learn, the better future we will have. 【答案】5．D 6．A 7．B 8．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲的是人们会受到所说的语言的影响。 5．推理判断题。根据第一段的句子“It’s common that a Japanese-American bows on the phone — but only in Japanese. Behaviors and manners can become so routine that they appear even when there’s no need for them.(日裔美国人在电话中鞠躬是很常见的，但只在用日语时。行为和礼仪可能变得如此常规，即使在没有必要的时候也会出现。)”可知，日裔美国人在用日语打电话时也会鞠躬，这本来是没必要的，但是，这一例子正好说明语言会影响人的行为。故选D项。 6．细节理解题。根据第二段的句子“This is because when you have an experience, the language you are using becomes associated with it. For bilingual people, this means certain memories are more closely associated with one language than the other — a phenomenon called “language-dependent memory”.(这是因为当你有一种经历时，你使用的语言就与它联系在一起了。对于会说两种语言的人来说，这意味着某些记忆与一种语言的联系要比与另一种语言的联系更紧密——这种现象被称为‘语言依赖记忆’。)”可知，一些记忆现象被称作“语言依赖记忆”是因为记忆受某种语言的影响很大。故选A项。 7．细节理解题。根据第四段的句子“Because emotions play a key role in how we make decisions, people are often more sensible when making choices in the less emotional foreign language. (因为情绪在我们如何做决定中起着关键作用，所以人们在用不那么情绪化的外语做选择时往往更明智。)”可知，一个会说两种语言的人在说外语的时候能做出明智的决定。故选B项。 8．主旨大意题。通读全文，特别是根据第一段最后一句“Scientists have shown that who you are in the moment can depend on the language you are using at that time.(科学家们已经证明，你在那一刻是谁，取决于你当时使用的语言。)”和最后一段第一句“The language we speak has an influence on how we think, feel, and even behave. (我们所说的语言影响着我们的思维、感觉甚至行为。)”可知，本文主要讲的是人们会受到正在所说的语言的影响。故选B项。 Passage 3 （24-25高一上・四川射洪中学校・期中） As the sun sets and the city is enveloped in the peaceful cover of night, a new trend (趋势) is rising quietly across China: the 24-hour library. In addition to staying open 24 hours a day, and featuring a wide variety of books, these libraries are equipped with comprehensive study facilities, including water, electricity, power outlets and restrooms. Some even offer soft drink services and dining options. For Ye, a 25-year-old from Weihai, East China’s Shandong Province, the local 24-hour library is an invaluable resource as she is preparing for the civil service exam. Hired full-time, she finds that traditional library hours do not meet her study needs. “The traditional local libraries usually open at 9 a. m. and close at 10 p. m., which isn’t convenient for working people like me. I can only devote myself to studying early in the morning or late at night,” Ye said. Similarly, Ma, a 20-year-old sophomore from East China’s Anhui Province, often visits a 24-hour library in Huai’an. During long holidays such as the summer and winter vacations, she goes there almost every day, staying for up to nine hours each time to study subjects like computer science, English, and law, according to Ma. “This library is very quiet as many people are studying. It motivates me,” Ma noted, although she admitted that occasional noise can be a distraction. A social media user surnamed Luo often visits a 24-hour library in Beijing’s Xicheng district. “The place is packed with more people reading than working, and others preparing for exams. The atmosphere is quite peaceful,” Luo told the Global Times. “There’s a noticeable increase in visitors at night, including seniors with children and professionals, but most go there to read. It feels quite relaxing. Now, besides cafes, there’s another place for me to go after work in the evening ,” Luo added. According to a national reading survey, in April, the average Chinese adult read 4.75 physical books and 3.40 e-books in 2023. As of the end of 2023, China boasted 3,246 public libraries with a total collection of 1.44 billion books, marking a 5.6 percent increase from 2022. 9．What do we know about the 24-hour library? A．It shows the growing love for reading among Chinese citizens. B．Readers can borrow and return books using the self-service machine. C．Reading has become an important part of promoting public education. D．We can invite authors where they share their thoughts and experiences with us. 10．What is the main reason Ye chooses to study at the 24-hour library? A．Because it provides a wide range of information resources. B．Because it offers various choices and convenience. C．Because she enjoys the public study atmosphere. D．Because she longs for the public cultural spaces. 11．How many physical books did the average Chinese adult read in 2023? A．4.75. B．3.40. C．5.60. D．1.44. 12．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．24-hour libraries gain popularity across China. B．The libraries are not just a leisure, but a way of life. C．Readers go after a spiritual and cultural life. D．There’s a noticeable increase in visitors to libraries. 【答案】9．A 10．B 11．A 12．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国24小时图书馆的兴起及其对不同人群带来的便利。   9．推理判断题。根据第一段“As the sun sets and the city is enveloped in the peaceful cover of night, a new trend is rising quietly across China: the 24-hour library. (随着太阳落下，城市被宁静的夜幕所笼罩，一种新的趋势正在中国悄然兴起：24小时图书馆)”以及最后一段“According to a national reading survey, in April, the average Chinese adult read 4.75 physical books and 3.40 e-books in 2023. As of the end of 2023, China boasted 3,246 public libraries with a total collection of 1.44 billion books, marking a 5.6 percent increase from 2022. (根据一项全国阅读调查，2023年4月的数据显示，中国成年人平均阅读了4.75本实体书和3.40本电子书。截至2023年底，中国共有3,246个公共图书馆，藏书总量达到14.4亿册，比2022年增长了5.6%)”可推知，24小时图书馆显示了中国公民对阅读日益增长的热爱。故选A。 10．推理判断题。根据第二段“For Ye, a 25-year-old from Weihai, East China’s Shandong Province, the local 24-hour library is an invaluable resource as she is preparing for the civil service exam. Hired full-time, she finds that traditional library hours do not meet her study needs. “The traditional local libraries usually open at 9 a. m. and close at 10 p. m., which isn’t convenient for working people like me. I can only devote myself to studying early in the morning or late at night,” Ye said. (对于来自中国东部山东省威海市的25岁女孩叶来说，当地的24小时图书馆是她备考公务员时不可或缺的资源。作为一名全职员工，她发现传统图书馆的开放时间无法满足她的学习需求。“传统的本地图书馆通常早上9点开门，晚上10点关门，这对于像我这样的上班族来说并不方便。我只能在清晨或深夜投入学习。”叶说道)”可知，传统的本地图书馆通常早上9点开门，晚上10点关门，对于上班族并不方便，她只能在清晨或深夜投入学习。由此可知，叶选择24小时图书馆是因为更加的便利。故选B。 11．细节理解题。根据最后一段“According to a national reading survey, in April, the average Chinese adult read 4.75 physical books and 3.40 e-books in 2023. As of the end of 2023, China boasted 3,246 public libraries with a total collection of 1.44 billion books, marking a 5.6 percent increase from 2022. (根据一项全国阅读调查，2023年4月的数据显示，中国成年人平均阅读了4.75本实体书和3.40本电子书。截至2023年底，中国共有3,246个公共图书馆，藏书总量达到14.4亿册，比2022年增长了5.6%)”可知，2023年，中国成年人平均阅读的实体书数量是4.75本。故选A。 12．主旨大意题。根据全文内容以及第一段“As the sun sets and the city is enveloped in the peaceful cover of night, a new trend is rising quietly across China: the 24-hour library. (随着太阳落下，城市被宁静的夜幕所笼罩，一种新的趋势正在中国悄然兴起：24小时图书馆)”，第二段“For Ye, a 25-year-old from Weihai, East China’s Shandong Province, the local 24-hour library is an invaluable resource as she is preparing for the civil service exam. (对于来自中国东部山东省威海市的25岁女孩叶来说，当地的24小时图书馆是她备考公务员时不可或缺的资源)”、第三段“Similarly, Ma, a 20-year-old sophomore from East China’s Anhui Province, often visits a 24-hour library in Huai’an. (同样地，来自中国东部安徽省的一位20岁的大二学生马经常访问淮安的一家24小时图书馆)”、倒数第二段“A social media user surnamed Luo often visits a 24-hour library in Beijing’s Xicheng district. (一位姓罗的社交媒体用户经常访问位于北京西城区的24小时图书馆)”可知，24小时图书馆在中国各地都受到欢迎。故选A。 主题03 人与社会——科普知识 Passage 1 （24-25高一上・四川成都立格实验学校・期中） Carrots are grown on farms and in family gardens throughout the world. Carrots are easy to raise and easy to harvest. They taste good, and people from all countries love them. When people think of carrots, they usually picture in their minds a vegetable that is long, thin and orange in colour. But carrots come in many different sizes and shapes. And not all carrots are orange. For the best results, carrots should be grown in sandy soil (土壤) that does not hold water for a long time. The soil also should have no rocks. To prepare your carrots garden, dig up the soil, loosen it and turn it over. Then, mix in some plant material or animal fertilizer. Weather, soil conditions and age will affect how carrots taste. Experts say warm days, cool nights and a medium soil temperature are the best conditions for growing carrots that taste great. Carrots need time to develop their full sugar content. This gives them their good taste. But carrots lose their sweetness if you wait too long to remove them from the ground. The best way to determine if a carrot is ready to be harvested is by its colour. Usually, the brighter the colour, the better the taste. Carrots are prepared and eaten in many different ways. They are cut in thin pieces and added to other vegetables. They are cooked by themselves or added to stews. Or, once they are washed, they can also be eaten just as they come out of the ground. 1．What does the underlined word “picture” in paragraph 2 mean? A．Understand. B．Describe. C．Explain. D．Imagine. 2．Which of the following actions is NOT mentioned to be needed in planting carrots? A．Choosing wet land. B．Digging up the soil. C．Making the earth loose. D．Mixing in plant material or animal fertilizer. 3．What do we know about carrots according to the text? A．Orange is not the only colour that carrots have. B．They are easy to raise but hard to harvest. C．Only one factor affects the way carrots taste. D．It is only by colour that you can decide if you should harvest them. 4．Why should people harvest carrots at certain time? A．Because sometimes people are very busy. B．Because it takes time for carrots to keep sugar. C．Because carrots have different kinds. D．Because weather always changes. 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．A 4．B 【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍胡萝卜的种植，收获和烹饪方式等。 1．词义猜测题。根据本句的前半句“When people think of carrots”（ 当人们想到胡萝卜时）以及下文“in their minds a vegetable that is long, thin and orange in colour.” （他们脑海中通常有这样的画面，一种又长又瘦、颜色是橙色的蔬菜。）所以“picture”就是在人们的脑海中形成的画面，也就是想象，同“imagine”同义，故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“To prepare your carrots garden, dig up the soil, loosen it and turn it over. Then, mix in some plant material or animal fertilizer. ”（ 为了准备你的胡萝卜花园，把土壤翻松，翻面。然后，混合一些植物材料或动物肥料。）所以A项“Choosing wet land”（选择湿地）在种植胡萝卜中不需要，故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Carrots are easy to raise and easy to harvest. ”（ 胡萝卜容易种植，也容易收获。）可知B选项错误；第二段“And not all carrots are orange. ”（ 并不是所有的胡萝卜都是橙色的。）可知A选项正确；第二段“Weather, soil conditions and age will affect how carrots taste. ”（ 天气、土壤条件和周期都会影响胡萝卜的味道。）可知C选项错误；第三段“The best way to determine if a carrot is ready to be harvested is by its colour. ”（ 判断胡萝卜是否可以收获的最好方法是看它的颜色。）可知看颜色是判断胡萝卜是否可以收获的最好方法，但不是唯一的方法，可知D选项错误，故选A。 4．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Carrots need time to develop their full sugar content. This gives them their good taste. But carrots lose their sweetness if you wait too long to remove them from the ground. ”（ 胡萝卜需要时间来发展其完整的糖含量。这给了他们良好的品相。但是如果你等得太久才把胡萝卜从地里拔出来，它们就会失去甜味。）由此可知，人们需要一定的时间后收获胡萝卜是因为胡萝卜需要时间来发展其完整的糖含量。故选B。 Passage 2 （23-24高一上・四川成都石室中学・期中） Nine out of every ten humans are right-handed, an imbalance that researchers for decades have attempted to explain, without definitive success. One of the ideas considered is the fighting hypothesis (假说), which suggests that left-handedness provides an advantage in fight, although with an overall hit to physical health that keeps lefties rare in the population. Indeed, males-who historically have competed most strongly for resources and mates - are left-handed at slightly higher rates than females. Moreover, studies suggest that lefties tend to outperform right-handed people in fighting sports as well as in some ball games that require hand-eye coordination like tennis, baseball, and volleyball. However, a big problem with the fighting hypothesis is that its predicted health disadvantage hasn’t been proven in large studies. On the whole, left-handed people don’t seem to suffer from more health problems than right-handed people, nor do they live shorter lives. Noticing this, three scientists coming from Sweden and the UK proposed an update to the hypothesis. In an article published in the journal Symmetry, they say that right-handed humans actually had a greater fighting advantage over much of our species’ history, which is why they’ve become far more numerous. According to the researchers, it has something to do with the position of the heart and the idea that humans did most of their fighting with handheld, pointy weapons for much of our species’ existence. About three-quarters of the heart is situated in the left hemithorax (左胸腔), making the left side of the chest an easy target for a mortal blow. The researchers note that when humans battle with stabbing weapons, the hand used to hold the weapon determines which area of the chest is exposed to an enemy. A left-handed grasp will rotate the left side of the chest to the right, and thus most of the heart toward an enemy, while a right-handed grip will rotate it away. Generally, this means that right-handed humans might be more protected from a deadly strike. But it should be noted that this new explanation for the predominance of right-handed people is still very much a hypothesis, and yet unproven. 5．Why are most people right-handed according to the previous hypothesis? A．Because right-handedness has an advantage in the fight. B．Because lefties tend to underperform in the competition. C．Because left-handedness poses a threat to the overall health. D．Because lefties historically competed strongly for resources and mates. 6．What can we infer from the passage? A．Right-handed people have a higher risk of developing health problems. B．The researchers have confirmed why most people are right-handed. C．It’s still under research why most people are right-handed. D．The position of our heart decides we are right-handed. 7．What will the left-handed grasping weapon possibly lead to? A．It will protect us from a deadly strike. B．It will expose most of the heart to an enemy. C．It will turn the right side of the chest to the left. D．It will make the upper chest a target for a mortal blow. 8．What is the author’s attitude to the updated fighting hypothesis? A．Objective. B．Negative. C．Positive. D．Doubtful. 【答案】5．C 6．C 7．B 8．A 【导语】本文为说明文。这篇文章主要讨论了为什么人类中右撇子比例较高并列举了相关的解释。 5．推理判断题。根据第二段“One of the ideas considered is the fighting hypothesis (假说), which suggests that left-handedness provides an advantage in fight, although with an overall hit to physical health that keeps lefties rare in the population.(其中一个被考虑的观点是“战斗假说”，该假说认为，左撇子在战斗中具有优势，尽管左撇子对身体健康的总体影响使其在人群中非常罕见)”和第三段“However, a big problem with the fighting hypothesis is that its predicted health disadvantage hasn’t been proven in large studies.(然而，战斗假说的一个大问题是，其预测的健康劣势尚未在大型研究中得到证实。)”可知，根据之前的假设，左撇子有预测的健康劣势，可得出大多数人都是右撇子是因为左撇子对整体健康构成威胁。故选C。 6．推理判断题。根据最后一段“But it should be noted that this new explanation for the predominance of right-handed people is still very much a hypothesis, and yet unproven.(但应该指出的是，这个关于右撇子占优势的新解释在很大程度上仍然是一个假设，尚未得到证实)”可推知，为什么大多数人都是右撇子仍在研究中。故选C。 7．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“A left-handed grasp will rotate the left side of the chest to the right, and thus most of the heart toward an enemy, while a right-handed grip will rotate it away.(左手抓握会使胸部的左侧向右旋转，从而使心脏的大部分朝向敌人，而右手抓握则会使心脏远离敌人)”可知，左手抓握武器可能会导致它将大部分心脏暴露给敌人。故选B。 8．推理判断题。根据最后一段“But it should be noted that this new explanation for the predominance of right-handed people is still very much a hypothesis, and yet unproven.(但应该指出的是，这个关于右撇子占优势的新解释在很大程度上仍然是一个假设，尚未得到证实)”可推知，作者主要列举了大量的事实，且最后提到假设尚未得到证实，说明作者对更新后的战斗假说的态度是客观的。故选A。 Passage 3 （24-25高一上・四川南充高级中学・期中） A new study published in Cell reports that a mosquito’s (蚊子) sense of smell is more complicated than thought. And it may explain how this insect is so good at seeking you out and so on. Meg Younger, a neuroscientist at Boston University, is co-author of the study. When I visited her lab, she introduced me to her subjects, opening up one of the large cubes set to 80 degrees. Each is filled with100-plus mosquitoes. Younger places one of the mosquito-filled cubes on a lab bench, and breathes out gently into it. Meeting the carbon dioxide, the insects go wild for other cues, like the complex blend of human body odor (气味)—that’s magnetic to a mosquito. This attraction isn’t merely a nuisance (麻烦事) for humans worldwide. So scientists have attempted to break it. But try as they might, it’s been frustratingly hard to find chemical means of battling mosquitoes. By looking into the mosquito’s brain to work out how it smells its surroundings, Younger and her colleagues have taken steps to do just that. Most of what they know about the neuroscience of smell comes from mice and fruit flies, where the wiring’s fairly simple. Each neuron (神经元) in the nose or antenna has one kind of receptor that detects a single kind of odor—say , a banana. And all the neurons with receptors for the banana smell connect to the same part of the brain. However, in case of mosquitoes, it doesn’t work. Younger and the others started searching inside mosquito brains, finding that each neuron there has multiple receptors that can detect multiple odors. The finding that a mosquito’s sense of smell is organized differently than expected may explain why its ability to sniff people out isn’t so easy to break. It gives the insect a kind of built-in redundancy (复置装置) in the system. Because humans all smell different, mosquitoes may rely on this redundancy to broaden their target of what a person smells like. This work could give researchers additional ways to prevent the bugs, like developing traps that contain new fragrance blends that are more attractive than people. 9．What might be the author’s job? A．An interviewer. B．A driver. C．A librarian. D．A dentist. 10．What does the underlined “it” refer to in the fourth paragraph? A．The attraction of mixed smell from human. B．The draw of carbon dioxide. C．The appeal of human body odor. D．The use of Chemical means. 11．What difficulty do the scientists have in the study? A．They hardly know about neuroscience. B．They cann’t locate mosquitoes’ brain. C．They want the theory of neuroscience. D．They are facing a new project. 12．What’s the author’s attitude towards the study? A．Negative B．Helpful C．Doubtful D．Inspiring 【答案】9．A 10．A 11．D 12．B 【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了蚊子具有敏锐的嗅觉，根据人体释放的混合性气味搜索到人类，科学们正在研究方法解决这一问题。 9．推理判断题。根据第二段关键句“Meg Younger, a neuroscientist at Boston University, is co-author of the study. When I visited her lab, she introduced me to her subjects, opening up one of the large cubes set to 80 degrees. (波士顿大学的神经科学家Meg Younger是这项研究的合著者。当我参观她的实验室时，她向我介绍了她的研究对象，打开了一个设置为80度的大立方体。)”可知，作者去参观神经科学家的实验室，询问她的研究对象，由此可知，作者的工作是一名采访者，去采访一位神经科学家。故选A项。 10．词义猜测题。根据第三段关键句“Meeting the carbon dioxide, the insects go wild for other cues, like the complex blend of human body odor (气味)—that’s magnetic to a mosquito. (遇到二氧化碳，昆虫会疯狂地寻找其他线索，比如人体气味的复杂混合——这对蚊子来说是有吸引力的。)”可知，上文告诉我们人体复杂气味对蚊子来说是有吸引力的，由此可知，科学家们试图打破这种人体复杂气味的吸引力，“it”代指“人类混合气味的吸引力”。故选A项。 11．推理判断题。根据倒数第三段内容“However, in case of mosquitoes, it doesn’t work. Younger and the others started searching inside mosquito brains, finding that each neuron there has multiple receptors that can detect multiple odors. (然而，对于蚊子来说，这是行不通的。Younger和其他人开始在蚊子的大脑中进行搜索，发现每个神经元都有多个受体，可以检测多种气味。)”可知，研究人员的方法对于蚊子行不通，因为蚊子的大脑每个神经元都有多个受体，可以检测多种气味，这是一个需要解决的新项目，由此可知，科学家们在这项研究中遇到的困难是他们正面临一个新项目。故选D项。 12．推理判断题。根据最后一段内容“This work could give researchers additional ways to prevent the bugs, like developing traps that contain new fragrance blends that are more attractive than people. (这项工作可以为研究人员提供更多预防虫子的方法，比如开发含有比人更具吸引力的新香味混合物的陷阱。)”可知，作者认为这项研究可以为研究人员提供更多预防虫子的方法，由此可知，作者认为这项研究是有用的。故选B项。 / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$