内容正文:
Unit 3 Same or Different
重点词汇词形变化学一学
1. compare (v. 比较) → comparative (adj. 比较的) → comparison (n. 比较)
2. shy (adj. 害羞的) → shyly (adv. 害羞地) → shyness (n. 害羞)
3. perform (v. 表演) → performance (n. 表演) → performer (n. 表演者)
4. solve (v. 解决) → solution (n. 解决办法) → solved (v. 解决,过去式)
5. interest (n./v. 兴趣;对…… 感兴趣) → interested (adj. 感兴趣的) → interesting (adj. 有趣的)
6. difference (n. 差异) → different (adj. 不同的)
7. humour/humor (n. 幽默;幽默感) → humorous (adj. 幽默的)
8. honest (adj. 诚实的) → honesty (n. 诚实;正直) → dishonest (adj. 不诚实的)
9. similarity (n. 相似之处) → similar (adj. 相似的) → similarly (adv. 相似地)
10. expect (v. 预料;期待) → expectation (n. 期待;预期) → unexpected (adj. 想不到的;出乎意料的)
练一练
一、词形变化填空练习
1. compare → ________________ (adj. 比较的);compare → ________________ (n. 比较)
2. shy → ________________ (adv. 害羞地);shy → ________________ (n. 害羞)
3. perform → ________________ (n. 表演);perform → ________________ (n. 表演者)
4. solve → ________________ (n. 解决办法);solve → ________________ (v. 解决,过去式)
5. interest → ________________ (adj. 感兴趣的);interest → ________________ (adj. 有趣的)
6. difference → ________________ (adj. 不同的)
7. humour/humor → ________________ (adj. 幽默的)
8. honest → ________________ (n. 诚实;正直);honest → ________________ (adj. 不诚实的)
9. similarity → ________________ (adj. 相似的);similarity → ________________ (adv. 相似地)
10. expect → ________________ (n. 期待;预期);expect → ________________ (adj. 想不到的;出乎意料的)
二、词形变化应用过关练
(一)请根据括号内所给单词,用其正确词形填空,使句子完整、通顺。
1. The teacher asked us to make a __________ (compare) between the two poems and find their differences.
2. The little girl spoke __________ (shy) when she introduced herself in front of the whole class.
3. The singer’s __________ (perform) at the concert last night was amazing, and the audience cheered loudly.
4. After thinking for a long time, Tom finally found a __________ (solve) to the difficult math problem.
5. My brother is __________ (interest) in space science, so he often reads books about planets.
6. There are many __________ (different) between the two cities, such as weather and culture.
7. Mr. Li is a __________ (humour) teacher; his classes are always full of laughter.
8. We should always tell the truth because __________ (honest) is the most important quality for a person.
9. The two brothers look very __________ (similar), and even their friends can’t tell them apart sometimes.
10. The __________ (expect) rain ruined our plan to have a picnic in the park this weekend.
(二)阅读句子,请从方框中选择合适的词的正确形式填空
solve interest perform honest compare
1. Before buying a new phone, my dad likes to __________ the functions and prices of different brands.
2. A group of students will __________ a short play about environmental protection at the school party.
3. If you have trouble with your homework, you can ask your teacher for help to __________ the problem.
4. This book about ocean life is so __________ that I read it from cover to cover in one day.
5. It’s important to be __________ with your parents; they will understand you if you tell them the truth.
三、词形变化应用进阶练
阅读短文,从方框中选择合适的词的正确形式填空
compare shy perform solve interest difference humorous honest similar expect
Last week, our class held a "Talent Show" to show our different skills. Before the show, we talked about the __________ (1) between our talents—some of us liked singing, while others preferred dancing.
My best friend Lily is a little __________ (2), but she decided to play the piano. When she walked onto the stage, she took a deep breath and started playing. Her __________ (3) was so beautiful that everyone clapped loudly. After the show, I told her I was __________ (4) in learning to play the piano too, and she promised to teach me.
Our classmate Mike is a __________ (5) boy. He told funny stories that made everyone laugh. Many students said his stories were more interesting than mine, but I didn’t mind—I knew we all had our own strengths.
During the show, a small problem happened: the microphone didn’t work. But our teacher helped us __________ (6) it quickly. This __________ (7) problem didn’t stop us from enjoying the show.
At the end of the show, the teacher asked us to __________ (8) our feelings. We all agreed that it was a great experience. We also learned that being __________ (9) with each other and respecting our differences is important. Although we have many __________ (10), we are like a big family. I hope we can have more activities like this in the future!
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Unit 3 Same or Different
参考答案与解析
一、词形变化填空练习
1. compare (v. 比较) → comparative (adj. 比较的) → comparison (n. 比较)
2. shy (adj. 害羞的) → shyly (adv. 害羞地) → shyness (n. 害羞)
3. perform (v. 表演) → performance (n. 表演) → performer (n. 表演者)
4. solve (v. 解决) → solution (n. 解决办法) → solved (v. 解决,过去式)
5. interest (n./v. 兴趣;对…… 感兴趣) → interested (adj. 感兴趣的) → interesting (adj. 有趣的)
6. difference (n. 差异) → different (adj. 不同的)
7. humour/humor (n. 幽默;幽默感) → humorous (adj. 幽默的)
8. honest (adj. 诚实的) → honesty (n. 诚实;正直) → dishonest (adj. 不诚实的)
9. similarity (n. 相似之处) → similar (adj. 相似的) → similarly (adv. 相似地)
10. expect (v. 预料;期待) → expectation (n. 期待;预期) → unexpected (adj. 想不到的;出乎意料的)
二、词形变化应用过关练
(一)请根据括号内所给单词,用其正确词形填空,使句子完整、通顺
1.comparison 2.shyly 3.performance 4.solution 5.interested 6.differences 7.humorous 8.honesty 9.similar 10.unexpected
1. comparison
【解析】句意:老师让我们对这两首诗进行比较,找出它们的不同之处。本题考查动词变名词。括号内 “compare” 是动词,意为 “比较”,空前 “a” 后需接可数名词单数,其名词形式 “comparison”(比较)符合语法要求,故答案为 comparison。
2. shyly
【解析】句意:这个小女孩在全班同学面前介绍自己时,说话很害羞。本题考查形容词变副词。括号内 “shy” 是形容词,意为 “害羞的”,此处需用副词修饰动词 “spoke”,“shy” 的副词形式为 “shyly”(害羞地),故答案为 shyly。
3. performance
【解析】句意:这位歌手昨晚在演唱会上的表演非常精彩,观众们大声欢呼。本题考查动词变名词。括号内 “perform” 是动词,意为 “表演”,空前名词所有格 “singer’s” 后需接名词,其名词形式 “performance”(表演,可数名词单数)符合 “一场表演” 的语境,故答案为 performance。
4. solution
【解析】句意:思考了很长时间后,汤姆终于找到了这道数学难题的解决办法。本题考查动词变名词。括号内 “solve” 是动词,意为 “解决”,空前 “a” 后需接可数名词单数,其名词形式 “solution”(解决办法)符合语境,故答案为 solution。
5. interested
【解析】句意:我弟弟对太空科学感兴趣,所以他经常读关于行星的书。本题考查名词 / 动词变形容词。括号内 “interest” 可作名词或动词,“be interested in” 是固定搭配,意为 “对…… 感兴趣”,修饰人需用 “interested”,故答案为 interested。
6. differences
【解析】句意:这两座城市之间有很多不同之处,比如天气和文化。本题考查名词变形容词及词性转换反向应用(此处需名词复数)。括号内 “different” 是形容词,意为 “不同的”,空前 “many” 后需接可数名词复数,其名词形式 “difference” 的复数 “differences”(不同之处)符合语法要求,故答案为 differences。
7. humorous
【解析】句意:李老师是一位幽默的老师,他的课总是充满笑声。本题考查名词变形容词。括号内 “humour/humor” 是名词,意为 “幽默”,此处需用形容词修饰名词 “teacher”,其形容词形式 “humorous”(幽默的)符合语境,故答案为 humorous。
8. honesty
【解析】句意:我们应该总是说实话,因为诚实是一个人最重要的品质。本题考查形容词变名词。括号内 “honest” 是形容词,意为 “诚实的”,空前 “because” 引导的从句中需用名词作主语,其名词形式 “honesty”(诚实,不可数名词)符合语法要求,故答案为 honesty。
9. similar
【解析】句意:这两兄弟长得很像,有时候甚至他们的朋友都分不清他们。本题考查名词变形容词。括号内 “similarity” 是名词,意为 “相似之处”,空前系动词 “look” 后需接形容词作表语,其形容词形式 “similar”(相似的)符合语境,故答案为 similar。
10. unexpected
【解析】句意:这场突如其来的雨打乱了我们这个周末去公园野餐的计划。本题考查动词变形容词(含否定前缀)。括号内 “expect” 是动词,意为 “预料”,此处需用形容词修饰名词 “rain”,结合 “打乱计划” 可知,雨是 “出乎意料的”,其形容词形式 “unexpected”(想不到的;出乎意料的)符合语境,故答案为 unexpected。
(二)阅读句子,请从方框中选择合适的词的正确形式填空
1.compare 2.perform 3.solve 4.interesting 5.honest
1. compare
【解析】句意:在买新手机之前,我爸爸喜欢比较不同品牌的功能和价格。本题考查动词辨析与语境理解。方框中 “compare” 是动词,意为 “比较”,“like to do sth”(喜欢做某事)后接动词原形,结合 “比较手机功能和价格” 的语境,故填 compare。
2. perform
【解析】句意:一群学生将在学校派对上表演一出关于环境保护的短剧。本题考查动词辨析与语境理解。方框中 “perform” 是动词,意为 “表演”,空前 “will” 后接动词原形,“perform a short play”(表演短剧)符合 “学校派对” 的场景,故填 perform。
3. solve
【解析】句意:如果你作业有困难,可以向老师求助来解决问题。本题考查动词辨析与语境理解。方框中 “solve” 是动词,意为 “解决”,此处用动词不定式 “to solve” 表目的,“solve the problem”(解决问题)符合 “求助老师” 的语境,故填 solve。
4. interesting
【解析】句意:这本关于海洋生物的书非常有趣,我一天就把它从头到尾读完了。本题考查形容词辨析与语境理解。方框中 “interest” 的形容词形式 “interesting” 意为 “有趣的”,修饰物(书),“so interesting that...”(如此有趣以至于……)符合 “一天读完” 的语境,故填 interesting。
5. honest
【解析】句意:对父母诚实很重要,如果你告诉他们真相,他们会理解你的。本题考查形容词辨析与语境理解。方框中 “honest” 是形容词,意为 “诚实的”,“be honest with sb”(对某人诚实)是固定搭配,符合 “告诉父母真相” 的语境,故填 honest。
三、词形变化应用进阶练
阅读短文,从方框中选择合适的词的正确形式填空
【导语】
本文讲述了作者所在班级举办 “才艺秀” 的经历,介绍了同学们展示的不同才艺、活动中遇到的小问题及活动带来的感悟,体现了班级同学间的包容与团结。
1.differences 2.shy 3.performance 4.interested 5.humorous 6.solve 7.unexpected 8.compare 9.honest 10.differences
1. differences
【解析】句意:表演前,我们讨论了各自才艺之间的不同之处 —— 我们中有些人喜欢唱歌,而另一些人更喜欢跳舞。本题考查名词辨析与语境理解。方框中 “difference” 是名词,意为 “差异”,结合 “some...while others...” 可知,才艺有多种不同,需用复数 “differences”,故答案为 differences。
2. shy
【解析】句意:我最好的朋友莉莉有点害羞,但她决定弹钢琴。本题考查形容词辨析与语境理解。方框中 “shy” 是形容词,意为 “害羞的”,空前 “a little”(有点)后接形容词原级,修饰人(莉莉),符合 “虽害羞但仍决定表演” 的语境,故答案为 shy。
3. performance
【解析】句意:她的表演非常精彩,所有人都大声鼓掌。本题考查动词变名词与语境理解。方框中 “perform” 是动词,意为 “表演”,空前形容词性物主代词 “her” 后需接名词,“performance”(表演,可数名词单数)指代莉莉弹钢琴的表演,故答案为 performance。
4. interested
【解析】句意:表演结束后,我告诉她我也对学弹钢琴感兴趣,她答应教我。本题考查形容词辨析与固定搭配。方框中 “interest” 的形容词形式 “interested” 意为 “感兴趣的”,“be interested in doing sth”(对做某事感兴趣)是固定搭配,修饰人(我),故答案为 interested。
5. humorous
【解析】句意:我们的同学迈克是一个幽默的男孩,他讲的有趣故事让所有人都笑了。本题考查形容词辨析与语境理解。方框中 “humour/humor” 的形容词形式 “humorous” 意为 “幽默的”,修饰名词 “boy”,结合 “讲有趣故事让人笑” 的语境,故答案为 humorous。
6. solve
【解析】句意:表演期间出现了一个小问题:麦克风坏了。但我们的老师帮我们很快解决了它。本题考查动词辨析与语境理解。方框中 “solve” 是动词,意为 “解决”,“help sb do sth”(帮助某人做某事)后接动词原形,“solve it”(解决问题,it 指代麦克风故障)符合语境,故答案为 solve。
7. unexpected
【解析】句意:这个意外的问题并没有阻止我们享受表演。本题考查形容词辨析与语境理解。方框中 “expect” 的形容词形式 “unexpected” 意为 “出乎意料的”,修饰名词 “problem”(问题),结合 “麦克风突然故障” 可知,这是意外情况,故答案为 unexpected。
8. compare
【解析】句意:表演结束时,老师让我们对比各自的感受。本题考查动词辨析与语境理解。方框中 “compare” 是动词,意为 “比较;对比”,“ask sb to do sth”(让某人做某事)后接动词原形,结合 “分享感受” 的场景,“compare our feelings”(对比感受)符合语境,故答案为 compare。
9. honest
【解析】句意:我们还学到,彼此诚实并尊重差异很重要。本题考查形容词辨析与语境理解。方框中 “honest” 是形容词,意为 “诚实的”,“being honest with each other”(彼此诚实)是动名词短语作宾语,符合 “同学间相处” 的感悟,故答案为 honest。
10. differences
【解析】句意:虽然我们有很多不同之处,但我们就像一个大家庭。本题考查名词辨析与语境理解。方框中 “difference” 是名词,意为 “差异”,空前 “many” 后接可数名词复数,“have many differences”(有很多不同之处)与前文 “respecting our differences” 呼应,故答案为 differences。
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