热点话题05 生态保护——释放蚊子保护鸟类（阅读理专练） 英语高考复习通用版

热点话题05 生态保护——释放蚊子保护鸟类 目录 时文精读------------------------------------------------------------精选外刊原创阅读理解 【原创·阅读理解】 【课标词汇积累】 【课标词汇训练】 【参考译文】 好题精练----------------------------------------------------------精选名校及联考话题专练 【阅读理解】 【7选5】 【完形填空】 【语法填空】 时文精读 读 【话题·导语】 “鸟类而非蚊子”组织（BNM）使用无人机投放经过特殊处理的雄性蚊子容器，希望减少威胁鸟类的蚊子数量。 【原文·时文阅读】 （文章来源：https://newsforkids.net/articles/2025/08/07/mosquitoes-released-in-hawaii-to-protect-birds/） Birds, Not Mosquitoes (BNM) is a collection of different groups working to protect Hawaii’s native birds. The biggest concerns for these birds is avian malaria, which is spread by mosquitoes. Now BNM has started using drones to drop containers of specially treated male mosquitoes, hoping to lower the numbers of mosquitoes threatening the birds. Hawaii is home to many unique birds, including a group known as honeycreepers. There used to be over 50 different species of honeycreepers. Now, only 17 species are left – and these are at great risk. There are only a few individual birds of the ‘akikiki left in the wild – and fewer than 100 of the ʻakekeʻe. There are several threats to these birds. But the biggest one is a disease called avian malaria. Avian malaria is similar to the malaria that humans get, but it only affects birds. The disease is spread by mosquitoes. Before the 1800s, there were no mosquitoes in Hawaii. But once they arrived, birds had no protection from their bites. Some birds moved higher into Hawaii’s mountains, where it was too cool for mosquitoes. But as the climate has warmed, the insects are even reaching these areas. In 2016, BNM, along with the American Bird Conservancy and other partners, began a program to lower the numbers of mosquitoes – by releasing more mosquitoes. That may sound like a bad plan, but there are a couple of tricks involved. First off, they are only releasing male mosquitoes, which don’t bite. Secondly, the mosquitoes they are letting go have been specially treated so that they carry a bacteria called Wolbachia. Wolbachia doesn’t hurt the mosquitoes, but when male mosquitoes with Wolbachia mate with female mosquitoes, the female’s eggs will never hatch. By releasing huge numbers of specially treated males, the group hopes more and more female mosquitoes will lay eggs that don’t hatch. In time, this should bring mosquito numbers down. But it’s not easy. The birds that need protection are spread out over large areas in the mountains of different Hawaiian islands. In 2023, the group began using helicopters to release the mosquitoes. The helicopters drop small paper pods (containers), each with around 1,000 male mosquitoes. The pods fall to the ground, where the mosquitoes are released. The helicopters release about 500,000 male mosquitoes every week to remote forests on two different islands. But helicopters are expensive, and they’re also a risk for the pilot and passengers. So now, the group is testing the use of drones to deliver mosquito pods. Drones can reach remote areas safely, and more cheaply than helicopters. But there were challenges. First, the group needed to figure out how to control the temperature of the pods so that the mosquitoes could survive the trip. They also needed to figure out how to carry and release the pods. The drones delivered their first mosquitoes in April. Once the tests are complete, the group plans to use the drones regularly. They hope the program will give Hawaii’s birds a chance to recover. 【原创·阅读理解】 1.What is the biggest threat to the honeycreepers？ A.male mosquitoes B.female mosquitoes C.avian malaria D.Wolbachia 2.Why do they release male mosquitoes to protect the birds? A.Because male mosquitoes with Wolbachia cause the female’s eggs not to hatch. B.Because male mosquitoes with Wolbachia kill the female mosquitoes. C.Because male mosquitoes with Wolbachia cause the female mosquitoes not to lay eggs. D.Because male mosquitoes with Wolbachia cause the honeycreepers stronger. 3.What do you think of the method of protecting the birds? A.It is a green one. B.It is an easy one. C.It is a bad one. D.It is a funny one. 4.Which is the suitable title for the text? A.Mosquitoes Are the Threat to the Birds B.Mosquitoes Released in Hawaii to Protect Birds C.The Way We Release the Mosquitoes D.Honeycreepers Are Dying Out 【课标词汇积累】 1.collection n.收藏品, 作品集, 一堆/群, 系列时装, 收集 ●I have a collection of classic novels in my bookshelf. (我的书架上有一系列经典小说。) 2.threaten v.恐吓, 对…构成威胁 Heavy rain might threaten our outdoor sports day. (大雨可能会威胁到我们的户外运动会。) 3.unique adj.唯一的, 独特的, 特有的 Everyone has a unique way of solving math problems. (每个人都有独特的解题方法。) 4. individual adj.单独的, 个人的, 独特的; n.个人 Each individual student must complete the lab report alone. (每个学生必须独立完成实验报告。) 5.spread v.开展, 伸开, 传播, 涂, 分摊; n.散布 Rumors about the exam cancellation quickly spread through the class. (考试取消的谣言在班里迅速传开。) 6.involve v.包含，涉及 The science fair will involve experiments and presentations. (科技节将包括实验和展示环节。) 7.release v.释放, 松开, 发泄, 解雇, （使）放松, 公布; n.释放, 发行, 排放 The school will release the exam schedule next Monday. (学校下周一公布考试安排。) 8.risk n.风险，危险, 隐患; v.冒风险, 冒险做 Staying up late risks your health and focus in class. (熬夜会危害健康和课堂专注力。) 9. challenge n.挑战, 比赛邀请, 质疑; v.对…怀疑, 挑战 Learning a new language is a fun but tough challenge. (学习新语言是有趣但艰难的挑战。) 10.survive v.生存，存活, 幸存, 艰难度过, 比…活得久 With good time management, you can survive the busy exam week. (做好时间管理，你就能熬过考试周。) 【课标词汇训练】 根据语境，从上面的“课标词汇”中选用合适的单词及其正确形式将句子补充完整。 1.Our teacher asked us to submit a ____________ of essays by Friday. 2.Lack of sleep can ____________ your academic performance. 3.Her ____________ art style impressed the judges. 4.Group projects help us learn teamwork, but ____________ effort matters too. 5.We should ____________ kindness by helping classmates. 6.She refused to ____________ herself in the argument. 7.Stress can be reduced if you ____________ your emotions through writing. 8.He took a ____________ by joining the debate team without experience. 9.The physics competition will ____________ our problem-solving skills. 10.Teamwork helped us ____________ the tough group project. 【参考译文】 夏威夷释放蚊子保护鸟类——“鸟类而非蚊子”组织（BNM）汇集了多个致力于保护夏威夷本土鸟类的团体。这些鸟类面临的最大威胁是禽疟疾，这种疾病由蚊子传播。如今BNM开始使用无人机投放经过特殊处理的雄性蚊子容器，希望减少威胁鸟类的蚊子数量。 夏威夷拥有众多独特鸟类，其中包括被称为蜜旋木雀的物种。这里曾有超过50种蜜旋木雀，如今仅存17种——且都处于极度濒危状态。野生‘阿基基基’鸟仅存几只个体，ʻakekeʻe更是不足百只。 这些鸟类面临多重威胁，但最大的威胁来自禽疟疾。禽疟疾与人类疟疾类似，但专门感染鸟类。该疾病通过蚊子传播。 19世纪前夏威夷没有蚊子，但蚊子入侵后，鸟类便失去了防叮咬保护。部分鸟类迁徙至夏威夷山区，那里气温过低蚊虫难以生存。但随着气候变暖，蚊虫甚至开始侵入这些区域。 2016年，BNM联合美国鸟类保护协会等合作伙伴启动了蚊虫控制计划——通过释放更多蚊子来减少数量。这听起来像是个糟糕的方案，但其中暗藏玄机：首先只释放不叮咬人的雄性蚊子。其次，他们释放的蚊子经过特殊处理，携带一种名为沃尔巴克氏体的细菌。 这种细菌不会伤害蚊子本身，但当携带沃尔巴克氏体的雄蚊与雌蚊交配后，雌蚊的卵将永远无法孵化。通过大规模投放这些特殊处理过的雄蚊，研究团队希望越来越多的雌蚊产下的卵无法孵化。随着时间推移，这将有效降低蚊群数量。 但实施过程并不轻松——需要保护的鸟类分布在夏威夷各岛屿的广袤山区。 2023年，该团队开始使用直升机投放蚊子。直升机会投放装有约1000只雄蚊的小型纸舱，这些纸舱坠落地面后释放蚊虫。每周约有50万只雄蚊通过直升机被投放到两个岛屿的偏远森林。 但直升机不仅成本高昂，还存在飞行员和乘客的安全风险。因此，团队正在测试使用无人机运送蚊子纸舱。无人机能安全抵达偏远地区，且比直升机更经济实惠。 不过面临挑战：首先需要确定如何控制纸舱温度以确保蚊虫存活运输，还需解决纸舱的携带与投放方式。 无人机已于四月完成首次投送，待测试完成后，团队计划实现常态化使用。他们希望这个项目能给夏威夷的鸟类一个恢复的机会。 好题精练 练 Passage1阅读理解 （2025届河南省信阳市商城县联考高三下学期模拟预测（一）） Lab-grown chicken is finally making its way onto menus in the United States. The US Department of Agriculture (USDA) has recently given permission for selling cultured (培养的) meat produced by Good Meat and Upside Foods, marking a significant breakthrough for the cultured meat industry. These companies are able to grow small amounts of chicken cells into meat without the need for traditional slaughter (屠宰). However, it’s important to note that this permission is currently limited to chicken products. Both companies still require additional permission to market cell-cultured beef, pork or seafood. Concerns have been growing among Americans about traditional meat production, which contributes to about 15% of global carbon emissions and can encourage antibiotic-resistant (耐抗生素的) bacteria growth. Additionally, it pollutes waterways with animal waste. And the animals themselves often live relatively short lives in cages. “The current methods of traditional meat production are at the root of many environmental issues,” says Good Meat CEO Josh Tetrick. Despite these concerns, meat remains a significant part of many people’s diets due to cultural, traditional and nutritional reasons. Cultured meat companies position themselves as producing sustainable and proper meat, aiming to provide meat lovers with a guilt-free choice that satisfies their desire for tasty food. The production process for lab-grown meat is relatively straightforward, with the main challenge lying in building sufficient production facilities. Both companies, now armed with USDA and FDA permission, can focus on expanding to produce enough cell-cultured meat to meet the demand. At the beginning, lab-grown chicken will only be available at select restaurants, including Bar Crenn in San Francisco and a restaurant owned by chef José Andrés in Washington. 1．What is a key feature of lab-grown chicken? A．It’s grown from artificial materials. B．It originates from cultured chicken cells. C．It has the advantage of low production costs. D．It’s preferred for its taste over regular chicken. 2．What is the problem with traditional meat production? A．It goes against its sustainable practices. B．It fails to meet consumers’ demand for meat. C．It has a negative impact on the environment. D．It leads to overcrowded living conditions for animals. 3．What is a current goal for cultured meat companies? A．To improve the flavor of their products. B．To obtain further government approvals. C．To increase their production capabilities. D．To establish partnerships with restaurants. 4．What is the text mainly about? A．Cultured meat permitted for sale in the US. B．The technological advancements in cultured meat. C．The cultural impact of cultured meat on dietary habits. D．The environmental influence of traditional meat production. 【长难句分析】 【文章原句】 Cultured meat companies position themselves as producing sustainable and proper meat, aiming to provide meat lovers with a guilt-free choice that satisfies their desire for tasty food. 【句式分析】 "Cultured meat companies position themselves as producing sustainable and proper meat"是主句， "aiming to provide meat lovers with a guilt-free choice that satisfies their desire for tasty food"是现在分词短语作状语。that satisfies their desire for tasty food（修饰 choice）是定语从句。 【翻译】培养肉公司将自己定位为生产可持续和适当的肉类，旨在为肉食爱好者提供一个无罪恶感的选择，满足他们对美味食物的渴望。 Passage2阅读理解 （2025届安徽省马鞍山市第二中学高三下学期适应性考试（最后一卷）） At the end of the last ice age, Scotland was a truly wild place, where the Highland tiger, a distinctly banded wildcat, and many other animals lived among Caledonian pine forests. But over time, humans cleared the land for wood, fuel, and agriculture. By the turn of the 20th century, only 5 per cent of Scotland’s land area was covered by forest. Now the country is experiencing a moment for rewilding—in essence, the rebuilding of ecosystems to their natural uncultivated states. No one can quite agree when the rewilding movement officially began, but one popular perspective sets it in the late 1980s. That’s when environmental charity Trees for Life moved the conversation from protecting individual species and specific habitats to restoring ecological processes on a larger scale. Today, Trees for Life is also responsible for a world first in rewilding. Beginning in spring 2023, visitors who travel to Glenmoriston, a valley in the Scottish Highlands, are able to experience the immersive Dundreggan Rewilding Centre. Located in pinewoods on Trees for Life’s 10, 000-acre estate, the campus has been developed to showcase the ambitious project. This area is now home to 4, 000 native plant and animal species. The hope is that visitors will be inspired to reengage with nature in new ways. For full immersion, the rewilding centre, with exhibitions and classrooms, will house a 40-bed complex for researchers and volunteers. In a landscape where nature-based tourism accounts for nearly 40 per cent of all visitor spend, according to government agency NatureScot, new ecotourism projects are being driven by other reintroduced species. Visitors arrive to “come to the end of the road, to connect to the environment, and to feel spiritual,” as Paul Lister, a conservationist, puts it. For now, Scotland is not as it once was. While it’s appealing to see a visit to its rewilding area as a journey back in time, it’s more accurately a visit to a place with a more positive future. 5．What can we learn about Scotland’s rewilding movement? A．It aimed to recreate the scene of the ice age. B．It officially began in the early 20th century. C．Trees for Life played a key role in starting it. D．Trees for Life solely funded it in the late 1980s. 6．What do the underlined words “This area” in paragraph 4 refer to? A．Caledonian pine forests. B．Dundreggan Rewilding Centre. C．Valleys in the Scottish Highlands. D．The headquarter of Trees for Life. 7．What can visitors probably do in the rewilding centre? A．Enjoy a hunting trip. B．Engage with exhibitions. C．Learn about the history of Scotland. D．Support urban development projects. 8．What is the author’s attitude to Scotland’s rewilding projects? A．Hopeful. B．Objective. C．Concerned. D．Disappointed. 【词汇积累】 1.distinctly adv.明显地, 无疑地, 确实地, 逼真 2.agriculture n.农业, 农学 3.essence n.本质，精髓 4.ecosystem n.<生>生态系统 5.perspective n.透镜，望远镜, 观点，看法, 远景 adj.（按照）透视画法的, 透视的 6.environmental adj.环境的, 自然/生态环境的 7.immersive adj.拟真的, 沉浸式虚拟现实的 8.ambitious adj.有野心的，有雄心的, 规模宏大的, 艰巨的 9.conservationist n.自然资源保护者，生态环境保护者 10.ecotourism n.生态旅游 11.accurately adv.正确无误地，准确地, 精确地, 如实 12.spiritual adj.精神上的 Passage 3 7选5 （2025·重庆市第八中学第一次月考） Marine mammals (海洋哺乳动物) are up against many dangers, many brought about by humans. 1 . Reduce the use of plastic Our oceans see increasing plastic trash which endangers marine mammals. 2 . They can become trapped in plastic, which can cause them to suffocate (闷死). Some marine mammals can mistake plastic for food, eat it, and die. Plastic trash in the ocean also causes lacerations (割伤) to these animals, leading to infection and death. So reduce using plastic to protect marine mammals. Help clean up the beaches 3 . Do not leave trash or objects on the beach. Anything you leave on the beach can end up in the water, having the potential to impact or harm what’s living in the water. Many organizations help clean up the beaches and protect ocean life and marine mammals. If we live or visit a beach, look for one you can connect with to join their efforts. Follow boating laws Knowing and following the laws is essential whether you live near the ocean or only travel there occasionally. They are in place for a reason. 4 . Following these rules can help keep marine mammals like manatees safe. It’s also advised not to crowd marine mammals when we see them. If there have already been boats observing them, wait our time to give others a chance to watch them. 5 Learn more about the ocean and marine wildlife. When we truly learn about a topic, it helps us understand its importance. Devote time to learning about marine mammals and why we need to act to protect them and our oceans. Visit educational bases working on protecting these animals to learn what you can do to make a difference. A．Educate ourselves B．Encourage ourselves to act C．There are many ways it is harming marine mammals D．Thankfully, there are simple things we can do to help E．Leave the beach like or better than we find it if we visit the beach F．In addition, do our homework and buy seafood from those who follow fishing laws G．For example, certain waterways are protected areas with speed limitations for boaters Passage 4 完形填空 （2025·江西省新余市实验中学高三下学期押题模拟卷（四）） I was always interested in biology. However, it wasn’t until I saw a film about cave diving in secondary school — in which I 1 divers glide past massive stalactites (钟乳石) — that I 2 I wanted to study cave animals. The video didn’t mention the creatures 3 in those underwater houses, but I 4 they must be there. More than just naming them, I wanted to understand their ecology, which meant I needed to study them in their 5 habitat. Cave diving requires 6 equipment and coordinated (协调) groups. I 7 carry lights and navigation tools, and bring extra air tanks. During trips, I use nets and test tubes to collect tiny, nearly 8 animals floating in the water. We’ve come to understand that caves are full of life: shrimp, sea stars and worms, all 9 life in low-light environments. Although underwater caves might seem far removed from surface environments, research has shown that these worlds are 10 in many ways. In places such as the Yucatán Peninsula in Mexico, jungles 11 water directly from underground sinkholes as it 12 towards the sea, where it connects with offshore coral reefs. If pollutants get 13 , they can affect these ecosystems. I’m researching the resilience (恢复力) of cave ecosystems to climate change. If we don’t 14 these mysterious places, they could be gone before we have the 15 to understand them. And everything that makes them unique will disappear too. 1．A．watched B．heard C．sensed D．felt 2．A．admitted B．noticed C．reminded D．realized 3．A．hiding B．living C．floating D．sleeping 4．A．knew B．learned C．doubted D．ensured 5．A．reasonable B．comfortable C．modern D．natural 6．A．expensive B．special C．fashionable D．beautiful 7．A．only B．ever C．always D．never 8．A．unbelievable B．valuable C．invisible D．attractive 9．A．adapted for B．appealed to C．devoted to D．prepared for 10．A．silenced B．mirrored C．linked D．encouraged 11．A．push B．absorb C．drink D．pollute 12．A．gets B．strikes C．rises D．flows 13．A．home B．spread C．there D．underground 14．A．conserve B．touch C．reach D．find 15．A．knowledge B．energy C．decision D．chance Passage 5 语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。（2026届广东省惠州市高三上学期第一次调研） “Listen, that’s a magpie singing.” said Xu Keyi, a wildlife 1 (photograph) who can identify bird species by just hearing their calls. Xu, 37, developed an interest in capturing animals on camera when she was a child, always dreaming of traveling the world 2 a camera. Before embracing a career in wildlife photography, she 3 (engage) in journalism. The turning point came during a trip to the South Pole, 4 Xu witnessed penguin parents fearlessly defending their chickens from intruders (侵入者). The moment deepened her passion for immersing herself in nature. In 2018, Xu made the life-changing decision 5 (leave) her job and pursue wildlife photography full-time. During a journey to film the golden kaiserihind, the only butterfly on 6 list of first-class national protected wild animals in China, Xu met an elderly wildlife protector. He 7 (voice) his concerns about the lack of people devoted to 8 (protect) the species. “Shortly after I published my photos of golden kaiserihind, a group of volunteers hoped to join the conservation efforts after seeing my images. There are also many real efforts that everyone can 9 (easy) make in daily lives, which include using less plastic 10 stopping feeding wild animals,” Xu said. 2 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 10 / 22 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 热点话题05 生态保护——释放蚊子保护鸟类 目录 时文精读------------------------------------------------------------精选外刊原创阅读理解 【原创·阅读理解】 【课标词汇积累】 【课标词汇训练】 【参考译文】 好题精练----------------------------------------------------------精选名校及联考话题专练 【阅读理解】 【7选5】 【完形填空】 【语法填空】 时文精读 读 【话题·导语】 “鸟类而非蚊子”组织（BNM）使用无人机投放经过特殊处理的雄性蚊子容器，希望减少威胁鸟类的蚊子数量。 【原文·时文阅读】 （文章来源：https://newsforkids.net/articles/2025/08/07/mosquitoes-released-in-hawaii-to-protect-birds/） Birds, Not Mosquitoes (BNM) is a collection of different groups working to protect Hawaii’s native birds. The biggest concerns for these birds is avian malaria, which is spread by mosquitoes. Now BNM has started using drones to drop containers of specially treated male mosquitoes, hoping to lower the numbers of mosquitoes threatening the birds. Hawaii is home to many unique birds, including a group known as honeycreepers. There used to be over 50 different species of honeycreepers. Now, only 17 species are left – and these are at great risk. There are only a few individual birds of the ‘akikiki left in the wild – and fewer than 100 of the ʻakekeʻe. There are several threats to these birds. But the biggest one is a disease called avian malaria. Avian malaria is similar to the malaria that humans get, but it only affects birds. The disease is spread by mosquitoes. Before the 1800s, there were no mosquitoes in Hawaii. But once they arrived, birds had no protection from their bites. Some birds moved higher into Hawaii’s mountains, where it was too cool for mosquitoes. But as the climate has warmed, the insects are even reaching these areas. In 2016, BNM, along with the American Bird Conservancy and other partners, began a program to lower the numbers of mosquitoes – by releasing more mosquitoes. That may sound like a bad plan, but there are a couple of tricks involved. First off, they are only releasing male mosquitoes, which don’t bite. Secondly, the mosquitoes they are letting go have been specially treated so that they carry a bacteria called Wolbachia. Wolbachia doesn’t hurt the mosquitoes, but when male mosquitoes with Wolbachia mate with female mosquitoes, the female’s eggs will never hatch. By releasing huge numbers of specially treated males, the group hopes more and more female mosquitoes will lay eggs that don’t hatch. In time, this should bring mosquito numbers down. But it’s not easy. The birds that need protection are spread out over large areas in the mountains of different Hawaiian islands. In 2023, the group began using helicopters to release the mosquitoes. The helicopters drop small paper pods (containers), each with around 1,000 male mosquitoes. The pods fall to the ground, where the mosquitoes are released. The helicopters release about 500,000 male mosquitoes every week to remote forests on two different islands. But helicopters are expensive, and they’re also a risk for the pilot and passengers. So now, the group is testing the use of drones to deliver mosquito pods. Drones can reach remote areas safely, and more cheaply than helicopters. But there were challenges. First, the group needed to figure out how to control the temperature of the pods so that the mosquitoes could survive the trip. They also needed to figure out how to carry and release the pods. The drones delivered their first mosquitoes in April. Once the tests are complete, the group plans to use the drones regularly. They hope the program will give Hawaii’s birds a chance to recover. 【原创·阅读理解】 1.What is the biggest threat to the honeycreepers？ A.male mosquitoes B.female mosquitoes C.avian malaria D.Wolbachia 【解析】C细节理解题。根据文章中的There are several threats to these birds. But the biggest one is a disease called avian malaria. 这些鸟类面临着几种威胁。但最大的一种是一种叫做禽疟疾的疾病。故选C。 2.Why do they release male mosquitoes to protect the birds? A.Because male mosquitoes with Wolbachia cause the female’s eggs not to hatch. B.Because male mosquitoes with Wolbachia kill the female mosquitoes. C.Because male mosquitoes with Wolbachia cause the female mosquitoes not to lay eggs. D.Because male mosquitoes with Wolbachia cause the honeycreepers stronger. 【解析】A推理判断题。根据文章中的Wolbachia doesn’t hurt the mosquitoes, but when male mosquitoes with Wolbachia mate with female mosquitoes, the female’s eggs will never hatch.沃尔巴克氏体不会伤害蚊子，但当携带沃尔巴克氏体的雄性蚊子与雌性蚊子交配时，雌性的卵将永远不会孵化。从而导致蚊子的数量减少。故选A。 3.What do you think of the method of protecting the birds? A.It is a green one. B.It is an easy one. C.It is a bad one. D.It is a funny one. 【解析】A推理判断题。根据文章中的内容可知，此种方法利用携带沃尔巴克氏体的雄性蚊子与雌性蚊子交配，雌性的卵将永远不会孵化。从而导致蚊子的数量减少。可知，这是一种生物方法，是绿色环保的。故选A。 4.Which is the suitable title for the text? A.Mosquitoes Are the Threat to the Birds B.Mosquitoes Released in Hawaii to Protect Birds C.The Way We Release the Mosquitoes D.Honeycreepers Are Dying Out 【解析】B推理判断题。根据文章中的内容可知，文章主要讲了利用释放携带沃尔巴克氏体的雄性蚊子与雌性蚊子交配，雌性的卵将永远不会孵化。利用这种方法来减少蚊子的数量。故选B。其他三项以偏概全。 【课标词汇积累】 1.collection n.收藏品, 作品集, 一堆/群, 系列时装, 收集 ●I have a collection of classic novels in my bookshelf. (我的书架上有一系列经典小说。) 2.threaten v.恐吓, 对…构成威胁 Heavy rain might threaten our outdoor sports day. (大雨可能会威胁到我们的户外运动会。) 3.unique adj.唯一的, 独特的, 特有的 Everyone has a unique way of solving math problems. (每个人都有独特的解题方法。) 4. individual adj.单独的, 个人的, 独特的; n.个人 Each individual student must complete the lab report alone. (每个学生必须独立完成实验报告。) 5.spread v.开展, 伸开, 传播, 涂, 分摊; n.散布 Rumors about the exam cancellation quickly spread through the class. (考试取消的谣言在班里迅速传开。) 6.involve v.包含，涉及 The science fair will involve experiments and presentations. (科技节将包括实验和展示环节。) 7.release v.释放, 松开, 发泄, 解雇, （使）放松, 公布; n.释放, 发行, 排放 The school will release the exam schedule next Monday. (学校下周一公布考试安排。) 8.risk n.风险，危险, 隐患; v.冒风险, 冒险做 Staying up late risks your health and focus in class. (熬夜会危害健康和课堂专注力。) 9. challenge n.挑战, 比赛邀请, 质疑; v.对…怀疑, 挑战 Learning a new language is a fun but tough challenge. (学习新语言是有趣但艰难的挑战。) 10.survive v.生存，存活, 幸存, 艰难度过, 比…活得久 With good time management, you can survive the busy exam week. (做好时间管理，你就能熬过考试周。) 【课标词汇训练】 根据语境，从上面的“课标词汇”中选用合适的单词及其正确形式将句子补充完整。 1.Our teacher asked us to submit a ____________ of essays by Friday. 2.Lack of sleep can ____________ your academic performance. 3.Her ____________ art style impressed the judges. 4.Group projects help us learn teamwork, but ____________ effort matters too. 5.We should ____________ kindness by helping classmates. 6.She refused to ____________ herself in the argument. 7.Stress can be reduced if you ____________ your emotions through writing. 8.He took a ____________ by joining the debate team without experience. 9.The physics competition will ____________ our problem-solving skills. 10.Teamwork helped us ____________ the tough group project. Keys: 1.collection(老师要求我们在周五前交一组作文。) 2.threaten(睡眠不足会影响你的学习成绩。) 3.unique(她独特的艺术风格打动了评委。) 4.individual(小组作业培养团队合作，但个人努力也很重要。) 5.spread(我们应该通过帮助同学传递善意。) 6.involve(她拒绝卷入这场争吵。) 7.release(通过写作释放情绪能缓解压力。) 8.risk(他冒险加入了没有经验的辩论队。) 9.challenge (物理竞赛会考验我们的解题能力。) 10.survive(团队合作让我们完成了困难的小组作业。) 【参考译文】 夏威夷释放蚊子保护鸟类——“鸟类而非蚊子”组织（BNM）汇集了多个致力于保护夏威夷本土鸟类的团体。这些鸟类面临的最大威胁是禽疟疾，这种疾病由蚊子传播。如今BNM开始使用无人机投放经过特殊处理的雄性蚊子容器，希望减少威胁鸟类的蚊子数量。 夏威夷拥有众多独特鸟类，其中包括被称为蜜旋木雀的物种。这里曾有超过50种蜜旋木雀，如今仅存17种——且都处于极度濒危状态。野生‘阿基基基’鸟仅存几只个体，ʻakekeʻe更是不足百只。 这些鸟类面临多重威胁，但最大的威胁来自禽疟疾。禽疟疾与人类疟疾类似，但专门感染鸟类。该疾病通过蚊子传播。 19世纪前夏威夷没有蚊子，但蚊子入侵后，鸟类便失去了防叮咬保护。部分鸟类迁徙至夏威夷山区，那里气温过低蚊虫难以生存。但随着气候变暖，蚊虫甚至开始侵入这些区域。 2016年，BNM联合美国鸟类保护协会等合作伙伴启动了蚊虫控制计划——通过释放更多蚊子来减少数量。这听起来像是个糟糕的方案，但其中暗藏玄机：首先只释放不叮咬人的雄性蚊子。其次，他们释放的蚊子经过特殊处理，携带一种名为沃尔巴克氏体的细菌。 这种细菌不会伤害蚊子本身，但当携带沃尔巴克氏体的雄蚊与雌蚊交配后，雌蚊的卵将永远无法孵化。通过大规模投放这些特殊处理过的雄蚊，研究团队希望越来越多的雌蚊产下的卵无法孵化。随着时间推移，这将有效降低蚊群数量。 但实施过程并不轻松——需要保护的鸟类分布在夏威夷各岛屿的广袤山区。 2023年，该团队开始使用直升机投放蚊子。直升机会投放装有约1000只雄蚊的小型纸舱，这些纸舱坠落地面后释放蚊虫。每周约有50万只雄蚊通过直升机被投放到两个岛屿的偏远森林。 但直升机不仅成本高昂，还存在飞行员和乘客的安全风险。因此，团队正在测试使用无人机运送蚊子纸舱。无人机能安全抵达偏远地区，且比直升机更经济实惠。 不过面临挑战：首先需要确定如何控制纸舱温度以确保蚊虫存活运输，还需解决纸舱的携带与投放方式。 无人机已于四月完成首次投送，待测试完成后，团队计划实现常态化使用。他们希望这个项目能给夏威夷的鸟类一个恢复的机会。 好题精练 练 Passage1阅读理解 （2025届河南省信阳市商城县联考高三下学期模拟预测（一）） Lab-grown chicken is finally making its way onto menus in the United States. The US Department of Agriculture (USDA) has recently given permission for selling cultured (培养的) meat produced by Good Meat and Upside Foods, marking a significant breakthrough for the cultured meat industry. These companies are able to grow small amounts of chicken cells into meat without the need for traditional slaughter (屠宰). However, it’s important to note that this permission is currently limited to chicken products. Both companies still require additional permission to market cell-cultured beef, pork or seafood. Concerns have been growing among Americans about traditional meat production, which contributes to about 15% of global carbon emissions and can encourage antibiotic-resistant (耐抗生素的) bacteria growth. Additionally, it pollutes waterways with animal waste. And the animals themselves often live relatively short lives in cages. “The current methods of traditional meat production are at the root of many environmental issues,” says Good Meat CEO Josh Tetrick. Despite these concerns, meat remains a significant part of many people’s diets due to cultural, traditional and nutritional reasons. Cultured meat companies position themselves as producing sustainable and proper meat, aiming to provide meat lovers with a guilt-free choice that satisfies their desire for tasty food. The production process for lab-grown meat is relatively straightforward, with the main challenge lying in building sufficient production facilities. Both companies, now armed with USDA and FDA permission, can focus on expanding to produce enough cell-cultured meat to meet the demand. At the beginning, lab-grown chicken will only be available at select restaurants, including Bar Crenn in San Francisco and a restaurant owned by chef José Andrés in Washington. 1．What is a key feature of lab-grown chicken? A．It’s grown from artificial materials. B．It originates from cultured chicken cells. C．It has the advantage of low production costs. D．It’s preferred for its taste over regular chicken. 2．What is the problem with traditional meat production? A．It goes against its sustainable practices. B．It fails to meet consumers’ demand for meat. C．It has a negative impact on the environment. D．It leads to overcrowded living conditions for animals. 3．What is a current goal for cultured meat companies? A．To improve the flavor of their products. B．To obtain further government approvals. C．To increase their production capabilities. D．To establish partnerships with restaurants. 4．What is the text mainly about? A．Cultured meat permitted for sale in the US. B．The technological advancements in cultured meat. C．The cultural impact of cultured meat on dietary habits. D．The environmental influence of traditional meat production. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．C 4．A 【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了美国农业部批准销售实验室培育的鸡肉，标志着培养肉行业的重大突破。这种肉类生产方式更环保，减少了传统肉类生产对环境的影响。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“These companies are able to grow small amounts of chicken cells into meat without the need for traditional slaughter (屠宰). (这些公司能够在不需要传统屠宰的情况下，将少量的鸡细胞培育成肉。)”可知，实验室培育鸡肉的主要特点是它源自培养的鸡细胞。故选B。 2．推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Concerns have been growing among Americans about traditional meat production, which contributes to about 15% of global carbon emissions and can encourage antibiotic-resistant (耐抗生素的) bacteria growth. Additionally, it pollutes waterways with animal waste. And the animals themselves often live relatively short lives in cages. “The current methods of traditional meat production are at the root of many environmental issues,” says Good Meat CEO Josh Tetrick. (美国人对传统肉类生产的担忧越来越大，这占全球碳排放量的15%左右，并可能鼓励抗生素耐药性细菌的生长。此外，它还用动物粪便污染水道。而动物本身在笼子里的寿命往往相对较短。“Good Meat”的首席执行官乔希·蒂特里克说：“目前的传统肉类生产方法是许多环境问题的根源。”)”可知，传统肉类生产方式导致约15%的全球碳排放量，并可能促进抗生素耐药性细菌的生长。此外，动物粪便污染水道。由此可见，目前的传统肉类生产方式对环境有负面影响。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Both companies, now armed with USDA and FDA permission, can focus on expanding to produce enough cell-cultured meat to meet the demand.  (这两家公司现在都获得了美国农业部和美国食品和药物管理局的许可，可以专注于扩大生产足够的细胞培养肉来满足需求。)”可知，生产培养肉公司的当前目标是提高生产能力以满足需求。故选C。 4．主旨大意题。根据第一段“The US Department of Agriculture (USDA) has recently given permission for selling cultured (培养的) meat produced by Good Meat and Upside Foods, marking a significant breakthrough for the cultured meat industry. (美国农业部（USDA）最近批准销售由Good meat和Upside Foods公司生产的人造肉，这标志着人造肉行业取得了重大突破。)”及全文内容可知，全文主要介绍美国批准销售培养肉的消息。故选A。 【长难句分析】 【文章原句】 Cultured meat companies position themselves as producing sustainable and proper meat, aiming to provide meat lovers with a guilt-free choice that satisfies their desire for tasty food. 【句式分析】 "Cultured meat companies position themselves as producing sustainable and proper meat"是主句， "aiming to provide meat lovers with a guilt-free choice that satisfies their desire for tasty food"是现在分词短语作状语。that satisfies their desire for tasty food（修饰 choice）是定语从句。 【翻译】培养肉公司将自己定位为生产可持续和适当的肉类，旨在为肉食爱好者提供一个无罪恶感的选择，满足他们对美味食物的渴望。 Passage2阅读理解 （2025届安徽省马鞍山市第二中学高三下学期适应性考试（最后一卷）） At the end of the last ice age, Scotland was a truly wild place, where the Highland tiger, a distinctly banded wildcat, and many other animals lived among Caledonian pine forests. But over time, humans cleared the land for wood, fuel, and agriculture. By the turn of the 20th century, only 5 per cent of Scotland’s land area was covered by forest. Now the country is experiencing a moment for rewilding—in essence, the rebuilding of ecosystems to their natural uncultivated states. No one can quite agree when the rewilding movement officially began, but one popular perspective sets it in the late 1980s. That’s when environmental charity Trees for Life moved the conversation from protecting individual species and specific habitats to restoring ecological processes on a larger scale. Today, Trees for Life is also responsible for a world first in rewilding. Beginning in spring 2023, visitors who travel to Glenmoriston, a valley in the Scottish Highlands, are able to experience the immersive Dundreggan Rewilding Centre. Located in pinewoods on Trees for Life’s 10, 000-acre estate, the campus has been developed to showcase the ambitious project. This area is now home to 4, 000 native plant and animal species. The hope is that visitors will be inspired to reengage with nature in new ways. For full immersion, the rewilding centre, with exhibitions and classrooms, will house a 40-bed complex for researchers and volunteers. In a landscape where nature-based tourism accounts for nearly 40 per cent of all visitor spend, according to government agency NatureScot, new ecotourism projects are being driven by other reintroduced species. Visitors arrive to “come to the end of the road, to connect to the environment, and to feel spiritual,” as Paul Lister, a conservationist, puts it. For now, Scotland is not as it once was. While it’s appealing to see a visit to its rewilding area as a journey back in time, it’s more accurately a visit to a place with a more positive future. 5．What can we learn about Scotland’s rewilding movement? A．It aimed to recreate the scene of the ice age. B．It officially began in the early 20th century. C．Trees for Life played a key role in starting it. D．Trees for Life solely funded it in the late 1980s. 6．What do the underlined words “This area” in paragraph 4 refer to? A．Caledonian pine forests. B．Dundreggan Rewilding Centre. C．Valleys in the Scottish Highlands. D．The headquarter of Trees for Life. 7．What can visitors probably do in the rewilding centre? A．Enjoy a hunting trip. B．Engage with exhibitions. C．Learn about the history of Scotland. D．Support urban development projects. 8．What is the author’s attitude to Scotland’s rewilding projects? A．Hopeful. B．Objective. C．Concerned. D．Disappointed. 【词汇积累】 1.distinctly adv.明显地, 无疑地, 确实地, 逼真 2.agriculture n.农业, 农学 3.essence n.本质，精髓 4.ecosystem n.<生>生态系统 5.perspective n.透镜，望远镜, 观点，看法, 远景 adj.（按照）透视画法的, 透视的 6.environmental adj.环境的, 自然/生态环境的 7.immersive adj.拟真的, 沉浸式虚拟现实的 8.ambitious adj.有野心的，有雄心的, 规模宏大的, 艰巨的 9.conservationist n.自然资源保护者，生态环境保护者 10.ecotourism n.生态旅游 11.accurately adv.正确无误地，准确地, 精确地, 如实 12.spiritual adj.精神上的 【答案】5．C 6．B 7．B 8．A 【解析】这是一篇说明文。本文主要讲述了苏格兰的生态恢复行动。曾经因人类活动，苏格兰森林覆盖率大幅下降，如今该国开展生态恢复行动，重建生态系统。 5．细节理解题。根据第二段“No one can quite agree when the rewilding movement officially began, but one popular perspective sets it in the late 1980s. That’s when environmental charity Trees for Life moved the conversation from protecting individual species and specific habitats to restoring ecological processes on a larger scale.(没有人能确切认同生态恢复运动正式开始的时间，但一种普遍的观点认为它始于 20 世纪 80 年代末。就在那时，环保慈善组织‘生命之树’将话题从保护单个物种和特定栖息地转移到更大规模地恢复生态过程)” 可知，“生命之树” 组织在开启这场运动中发挥了关键作用。故选C。 6．指代猜测题。根据第三段“Beginning in spring 2023, visitors who travel to Glenmoriston, a valley in the Scottish Highlands, are able to experience the immersive Dundreggan Rewilding Centre. Located in pinewoods on Trees for Life’s 10, 000 - acre estate, the campus has been developed to showcase the ambitious project.(从 2023 年春季开始，前往苏格兰高地格伦莫里斯顿山谷的游客，将能够沉浸式体验邓德雷根生态修复中心。该中心位于 “生命之树” 组织拥有的 1 万英亩土地上的松林之中，这片场地经过开发，用于展示这一宏伟项目)” 以及第四段“This area is now home to 4, 000 native plant and animal species.(这个地区现在是 4000 种本地动植物物种的家园)” 可知，“This area” 指代的是前文提到的邓德雷根生态恢复中心。故选B。 7．细节理解题。根据第四段“For full immersion, the rewilding centre, with exhibitions and classrooms, will house a 40 - bed complex for researchers and volunteers.(为了让游客完全沉浸其中，这个生态恢复中心设有展览区和教室，还将为研究人员和志愿者提供一个有 40 个床位的综合设施)” 可知，游客可能在生态恢复中心参与展览。故选B。 8．推理判断题。根据最后一段“While it’s appealing to see a visit to its rewilding area as a journey back in time, it’s more accurately a visit to a place with a more positive future.(将对其生态修复区域的参观视为一次时光回溯之旅固然很吸引人，但更确切地说，这是对一个拥有更光明未来之地的探访)” 可知，作者认为生态恢复区域有着积极的未来，对苏格兰的生态恢复项目持充满希望的态度。故选A。 Passage 3 7选5 （2025·重庆市第八中学第一次月考） Marine mammals (海洋哺乳动物) are up against many dangers, many brought about by humans. 1 . Reduce the use of plastic Our oceans see increasing plastic trash which endangers marine mammals. 2 . They can become trapped in plastic, which can cause them to suffocate (闷死). Some marine mammals can mistake plastic for food, eat it, and die. Plastic trash in the ocean also causes lacerations (割伤) to these animals, leading to infection and death. So reduce using plastic to protect marine mammals. Help clean up the beaches 3 . Do not leave trash or objects on the beach. Anything you leave on the beach can end up in the water, having the potential to impact or harm what’s living in the water. Many organizations help clean up the beaches and protect ocean life and marine mammals. If we live or visit a beach, look for one you can connect with to join their efforts. Follow boating laws Knowing and following the laws is essential whether you live near the ocean or only travel there occasionally. They are in place for a reason. 4 . Following these rules can help keep marine mammals like manatees safe. It’s also advised not to crowd marine mammals when we see them. If there have already been boats observing them, wait our time to give others a chance to watch them. 5 Learn more about the ocean and marine wildlife. When we truly learn about a topic, it helps us understand its importance. Devote time to learning about marine mammals and why we need to act to protect them and our oceans. Visit educational bases working on protecting these animals to learn what you can do to make a difference. A．Educate ourselves B．Encourage ourselves to act C．There are many ways it is harming marine mammals D．Thankfully, there are simple things we can do to help E．Leave the beach like or better than we find it if we visit the beach F．In addition, do our homework and buy seafood from those who follow fishing laws G．For example, certain waterways are protected areas with speed limitations for boaters 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．E 4．G 5．A 【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了保护海洋哺乳动物的一些具体措施，包括减少塑料使用、清理海滩、遵守航行法规和加强海洋知识教育。 1．前文“Marine mammals (海洋哺乳动物) are up against many dangers, many brought about by humans. (海洋哺乳动物正面临许多危险，其中大部分是人类活动造成的)”提到海洋哺乳动物面临诸多危险，后文段落列举具体保护措施，此处是承上启下的过渡句，既要呼应前文的危险，又要引出后文的保护措施，因此D项“Thankfully, there are simple things we can do to help (值得庆幸的是，我们可以采取一些简单的措施来帮助它们)”符合语境，总领后文的四项措施。故选D。 2．前文“Our oceans see increasing plastic trash which endangers marine mammals. (我们的海洋中塑料垃圾日益增多，这严重威胁着海洋哺乳动物的生存)”提到海洋塑料增多带来危害，后文“They can become trapped in plastic, which can cause them to suffocate (闷死). Some marine mammals can mistake plastic for food, eat it, and die. Plastic trash in the ocean also causes lacerations (割伤) to these animals, leading to infection and death. (它们可能被塑料制品缠绕而窒息身亡。有些海洋哺乳动物会将塑料误认为食物，吞食后导致死亡。海洋中的塑料垃圾还会割伤这些动物，造成感染甚至致命)”列举具体危害，此处需说明塑料以多种形式造成伤害，与后文形成总分结构，因此C项“There are many ways it is harming marine mammals (塑料正在以多种方式伤害海洋哺乳动物)”符合语境，引出后文三点危害。故选C。 3．本段小标题是“Help clean up the beaches (帮助清理海滩)”，后文“Do not leave trash or objects on the beach. Anything you leave on the beach can end up in the water, having the potential to impact or harm what’s living in the water. (切勿在海滩遗留垃圾或其他物品。任何遗留在海滩上的物品都可能最终进入海洋，对水生生物造成潜在威胁甚至伤害)”具体建议不要在海滩上留下物品，并解释原因，此处需提出海滩行为的一般准则，因此E项“Leave the beach like or better than we find it if we visit the beach (离开海滩时保持或做到比来时更干净的状态)”符合语境，呼应清理的主题。故选E。 4．前文“Knowing and following the laws is essential whether you live near the ocean or only travel there occasionally. They are in place for a reason. (了解并遵守相关法律法规至关重要——无论你是长期滨海而居还是偶尔到访。这些法规的制定都有着充分的依据)”强调遵守航行法规，后文“Following these rules can help keep marine mammals like manatees safe. (遵守这些规则有助于保护海牛等海洋哺乳动物的安全)”说明遵守具体规则的作用，此处需列出具体法律案例，因此G项“For example, certain waterways are protected areas with speed limitations for boaters (例如，某些水道是保护区，对船只设速限)”符合语境，承前启后。故选G。 5．后文“Learn more about the ocean and marine wildlife. (深入了解海洋及海洋野生动物)”和“Visit educational bases working on protecting these animals to learn what you can do to make a difference. (探访动物保护教育基地，了解如何通过实际行动为保护海洋生物贡献力量)”建议学习海洋知识以及参观教育基地，均与教育相关，此处是段落标题，应建议做好海洋教育，且需和其他段落标题一样使用祈使句的形式，因此A项“Educate ourselves (自我教育)”符合语境，概括后文的行动。故选A。 Passage 4 完形填空 （2025·江西省新余市实验中学高三下学期押题模拟卷（四）） I was always interested in biology. However, it wasn’t until I saw a film about cave diving in secondary school — in which I 1 divers glide past massive stalactites (钟乳石) — that I 2 I wanted to study cave animals. The video didn’t mention the creatures 3 in those underwater houses, but I 4 they must be there. More than just naming them, I wanted to understand their ecology, which meant I needed to study them in their 5 habitat. Cave diving requires 6 equipment and coordinated (协调) groups. I 7 carry lights and navigation tools, and bring extra air tanks. During trips, I use nets and test tubes to collect tiny, nearly 8 animals floating in the water. We’ve come to understand that caves are full of life: shrimp, sea stars and worms, all 9 life in low-light environments. Although underwater caves might seem far removed from surface environments, research has shown that these worlds are 10 in many ways. In places such as the Yucatán Peninsula in Mexico, jungles 11 water directly from underground sinkholes as it 12 towards the sea, where it connects with offshore coral reefs. If pollutants get 13 , they can affect these ecosystems. I’m researching the resilience (恢复力) of cave ecosystems to climate change. If we don’t 14 these mysterious places, they could be gone before we have the 15 to understand them. And everything that makes them unique will disappear too. 1．A．watched B．heard C．sensed D．felt 2．A．admitted B．noticed C．reminded D．realized 3．A．hiding B．living C．floating D．sleeping 4．A．knew B．learned C．doubted D．ensured 5．A．reasonable B．comfortable C．modern D．natural 6．A．expensive B．special C．fashionable D．beautiful 7．A．only B．ever C．always D．never 8．A．unbelievable B．valuable C．invisible D．attractive 9．A．adapted for B．appealed to C．devoted to D．prepared for 10．A．silenced B．mirrored C．linked D．encouraged 11．A．push B．absorb C．drink D．pollute 12．A．gets B．strikes C．rises D．flows 13．A．home B．spread C．there D．underground 14．A．conserve B．touch C．reach D．find 15．A．knowledge B．energy C．decision D．chance 【答案】 1．A 2．D 3．B 4．A 5．D 6．B 7．C 8．C 9．A 10．C 11．B 12．D 13．D 14．A 15．D 【解析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了作者因一部洞穴潜水的电影而对研究洞穴动物产生兴趣，介绍了洞穴潜水的情况以及洞穴生态系统与外界的联系，强调保护洞穴的重要性。 1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，直到我在中学看到一部关于洞穴潜水的电影——在电影中我看到潜水者从巨大的钟乳石旁滑过——我才意识到我想研究洞穴动物。A. watched观看；B. heard听到；C. sensed感觉到；D. felt感觉。根据前文“it wasn’t until I saw a film about cave diving”可知，作者是在电影中观看潜水者的动作。故选A项。 2．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，直到我在中学看到一部关于洞穴潜水的电影——在电影中我看到潜水者从巨大的钟乳石旁滑过——我才意识到我想研究洞穴动物。A. admitted承认；B. noticed注意到；C. reminded提醒；D. realized意识到。根据后文“I wanted to study cave animals”可知，作者在看了电影后意识到自己的兴趣所在。故选D项。 3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：视频没有提到生活在那些水下“房子”里的生物，但我知道它们一定在那里。A. hiding隐藏；B. living生活；C. floating漂浮；D. sleeping睡觉。根据前文“cave animals”和后文“in those underwater houses”可知，这里说的是生活在水下洞穴里的生物。故选B项。 4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：视频没有提到生活在那些水下“房子”里的生物，但我知道它们一定在那里。A. knew知道；B. learned学习；C. doubted怀疑；D. ensured确保。根据前文“I was always interested in biology”以及常识，作者凭借自己的生物学知识知道水下洞穴里一定有生物。故选A项。 5．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我不仅仅是给它们命名，我想了解它们的生态，这意味着我需要在它们的自然栖息地研究它们。A. reasonable合理的；B. comfortable舒适的；C. modern现代的；D. natural自然的。根据前文“More than just naming them, I wanted to understand their ecology”可知，研究生态需要在自然状态下，也就是自然栖息地，所以这里强调要在自然栖息地研究洞穴动物。故选D项。 6．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：洞穴潜水需要特殊的设备和协调的团队。A. expensive昂贵的；B. special特殊的；C. fashionable时尚的；D. beautiful美丽的。根据后文“carry lights and navigation tools, and bring extra air tanks”可知，洞穴潜水的设备是特殊的。故选B项。 7．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我总是带着灯和导航工具，并带上额外的气罐。A. only仅仅；B. ever曾经；C. always总是；D. never从不。根据结合常识和前文“Cave diving requires 6 equipment”可推知，灯、导航工具和额外气罐都是洞穴潜水时经常要携带的。故选C项。 8．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在旅途中，我用网和试管收集漂浮在水中的微小的、几乎看不见的动物。A. unbelievable难以置信的；B. valuable有价值的；C. invisible看不见的；D. attractive有吸引力的。根据前文“tiny”可知，这些动物很小，几乎看不见。故选C项。 9．考查动词短语辨析。句意：我们逐渐了解到洞穴里充满了生命：虾、海星和蠕虫，它们都适应了弱光环境下的生活。A. adapted for适应；B. appealed to吸引；C. devoted to致力于；D. prepared for为……做准备。根据前文“caves are full of life”和后文“life in low light environments”可推知，洞穴生物已经适应了弱光环境。故选A项。 10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然水下洞穴似乎与地表环境相距甚远，但研究表明，这些世界在很多方面是相互联系的。A. silenced使沉默；B. mirrored反映；C. linked联系；D. encouraged鼓励。根据后文“In places such as the Yucatán Peninsula in Mexico, jungles 11 water directly from underground sinkholes as it 12 towards the sea, where it connects with offshore coral reefs”可知，洞穴生态系统与外界是有联系的。故选C项。 11．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在墨西哥尤卡坦半岛等地，丛林直接从地下灰岩坑中吸收水流——这些水流将汇入海洋，并与近海珊瑚礁生态系统相连。A. push推；B. absorb吸收；C. drink喝；D. pollute污染。根据常识，丛林需要吸收水分，且与“water”搭配，用absorb合适。故选B项。 12．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在墨西哥尤卡坦半岛等地，丛林直接从地下灰岩坑中吸收水流——这些水流将汇入海洋，并与近海珊瑚礁生态系统相连。A. gets到达；B. strikes撞击；C. rises上升；D. flows流动。根据常识，水是流动的，且“towards the sea”表示水是流向大海。故选D项。 13．考查副词和名词词义辨析。句意：如果污染物进入地下，它们会影响这些生态系统。A. home家；B. spread扩散；C. there那里；D. underground地下。根据前文“jungles 11 water directly from underground sinkholes as it 12 towards the sea”可知，整个生态系统与地下环境相关，所以污染物进入地下会影响生态系统。故选D项。 14．考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果我们不保护这些神秘的地方，它们可能在我们有机会了解它们之前就消失了。A. conserve保护；B. touch触摸；C. reach到达；D. find找到。根据后文“they could be gone before we have the 15 to understand them”可知，需要对洞穴进行保护。故选A项。 15．考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果我们不保护这些神秘的地方，它们可能在我们有机会了解它们之前就消失了。A. knowledge知识；B. energy能量；C. decision决定；D. chance机会。根据前文“they could be gone”可知，如果不保护，可能就没有机会了解这些地方了。故选D项。 Passage 5 语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。（2026届广东省惠州市高三上学期第一次调研） “Listen, that’s a magpie singing.” said Xu Keyi, a wildlife 1 (photograph) who can identify bird species by just hearing their calls. Xu, 37, developed an interest in capturing animals on camera when she was a child, always dreaming of traveling the world 2 a camera. Before embracing a career in wildlife photography, she 3 (engage) in journalism. The turning point came during a trip to the South Pole, 4 Xu witnessed penguin parents fearlessly defending their chickens from intruders (侵入者). The moment deepened her passion for immersing herself in nature. In 2018, Xu made the life-changing decision 5 (leave) her job and pursue wildlife photography full-time. During a journey to film the golden kaiserihind, the only butterfly on 6 list of first-class national protected wild animals in China, Xu met an elderly wildlife protector. He 7 (voice) his concerns about the lack of people devoted to 8 (protect) the species. “Shortly after I published my photos of golden kaiserihind, a group of volunteers hoped to join the conservation efforts after seeing my images. There are also many real efforts that everyone can 9 (easy) make in daily lives, which include using less plastic 10 stopping feeding wild animals,” Xu said. 【答案】 1．photographer 2．with 3．was engaged 4．where 5．to leave 6．the 7．voiced 8．protecting 9．easily 10．and 【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了野生动物摄影师徐可意从记者转行成为全职野生动物摄影师的经历，以及她通过摄影作品呼吁保护野生动物的故事。 1．考查名词。句意：徐可意是一位野生动物摄影师，仅通过鸟叫声就能识别鸟类种类。根据句意和括号内提示词photograph，此处需填入表示职业的名词形式，应用photographer作同位语，表示“摄影师”，由a可知，应用单数，故填photographer。 2．考查介词。句意：徐37岁，在她小时候她就喜欢用相机拍动物，并一直梦想带着相机环游世界。travel with a camera表示“带着相机旅行”，故填with。 3．考查动词时态。句意：在从事野生动物摄影之前，她曾从事新闻工作。根据上下文时态可知，此处描述过去发生的事，be engaged in固定搭配，意为“从事于”，所以此处需用一般过去时，故填was engaged。 4．考查定语从句。句意：转折点发生在一次南极之旅中，在那里她目睹了企鹅父母勇敢保护幼崽的场景。此处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词the South Trip表地点，定语从句中缺少地点状语，应用关系副词来引导，故填where。 5．考查非谓语动词。句意：2018年，她做出了改变人生的决定：辞职并全职投入野生动物摄影。修饰抽象名词decision，常用不定式作后置定语，故填to leave。 6．考查冠词。句意：在拍摄中国国家一级保护动物金斑喙凤蝶的旅途中，徐遇到了一位年长的野生动物保护者。此处特指国家一级保护动物名单，需用定冠词the，故填the。 7．考查动词时态。句意：他表达了对缺乏致力于保护该物种的人的担忧。根据上下文时态，此处需用一般过去时，故填voiced。 8．考查非谓语动词。句意同上。( be) devote to固定搭配，意为“致力于”，其中“to”为介词，后接protect的动名词形式作宾语，故填protecting。 9．考查副词。句意：日常生活中，每个人都可以轻松做出许多实际努力，包括减少塑料使用和禁止投喂野生动物。修饰动词make需用副词形式，故填easily。 10．考查连词。句意：日常生活中，每个人都可以轻松做出许多实际努力，包括减少塑料使用和禁止投喂野生动物。using less plastic与stopping feeding wild animals为并列关系，需用连词连接，故填and。 2 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 10 / 22 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$