北京市海淀区2025-2026学年高三上学期开学入学定位考英语试题

2025一2026学年北京市新高三入学定位考试 英 语 本试卷共10页，100分。考试时长90分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上 作答无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分知识运用（共两节，30分） 第一节（共10小题：每小题1.5分，共15分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项，并在答 题卡上将该项涂黑。 What started as a typical Sunday shift for Manhattan Deming turned into a moment she'll never forget. Deming was running around 1 tables when a couple she was serving began asking her about her life.Their conversation quickly turned heartfelt. Deming shared,"They asked me if I had goals and I said I'd love to be a nurse one day. That was my goal before I had my daughter...but I plan to go back to school when things get better..” After a/an 2 conversation,the couple handed Deming the receipt-what she saw next 3 her in her tracks. "It's $2,000,"Deming recalled."I 4 right there.I couldn't hold it in.It means the world to me!" Deming has faced her 5 of challenges while balancing work and raising her 3-year-old daughter.From unstable cell service making it hard to check in on her child during work,to putting her nursing dreams on hold,things haven't been easy.But this generous tip has given her a new shot at 6. "It's going to help me with rent,bills,clothes for my daughterjust a cushion while I work toward school,"she said."They've really 7 me...to begin achieving my goals and bettering my daughter and my life. Before becoming a waitress,Deming worked as a Patient Care Technician at a local hospital, but had to leave due to 8 difficulties after her daughter was born.Now,thanks to this incredible gesture,she plans to return to school and 9 her dream of becoming a nurse. For Deming,the $2,000 tip is more than just money-it serves as a 10 that good things come to those who wait. 新高三人学定位考试（英语）第1页（共10页） 1.A.fixing B.waiting C.cleaning D.turning 2.A.warm B.tense C.awkward D.privale 3.A.delayed B.lifted C.distracted D.stopped 4.A.fell down B.broke down C.calmed down D.lay down 5.A.fear B.kind C.share D.source 6.A.hope B.love C.peace D.freedom 7.A.trusted B.surprised C.inspired D.entertained 8.A.nursing B.budgeting C.learning D.scheduling 9.A.discover B.support C.pursue D.picture 10.A.clue B.lesson C.promise D.reminder 第二节（共10小题；每小题15分，共15分） 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在 给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 A Wail Alselwi has turned his food counter into a hub of motivation.11 (know)online as "Island Ock,Alselwi launched a reward program for good grades in 2023,all to inspire a local 12-year-old named Zamier.He 12 promise)the boy that if he improved his grades,he could choose anything he wanted from the store for free.By the end of the year,Zamier made the honor roll.Now,dozens of students 13(regular)visit the food counter with their report cards.To Alselwi,14 matters most is showing these kids that their hard work is seen and appreciated. B Since the "Year of Weight Management"launched three years ago,public awareness of weight control 15 (grow).This initiative frames weight management as a shared social responsibility.At the same time,it respects those who cannot or choose not to lose weight for medical reasons-and that's valid.The goal is to support overall health and well-being.It 16 signal)that individual health integrates with societal and governmental efforts,combining medical expertise and community support 17 healthier lives. C A growth mindset beats a fixed mindset both in learning and life.While fixed thinking sees intelligence as unchangeable,growth mindset believes 18 (ability)develop through effort.Of course,talent helps,but research shows embracing challenges,learning from failures,and persisting actually build skills.This process turns obstacles into opportunities,19 (develop) adaptability for tough problems.Students 20 get this mindset handle school better and foster lifelong learning habits.Ultimately,it helps people break through limits. 新高三人学定位考试（英语）第2页（共10页） 第二部分阅读理解（共两节，38分） 第一节（共14小题：每小题2分，共28分）》 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该 项涂黑。 A The University of Macau(UM)warmly welcomes exchange students from its global partner institutions to experience academic life in our unique cultural environment.As an incoming exchange student,you'll have the opportunity to study for one or two semesters without paying tuition fees,while earning credits that can be transferred back to your home institution. To begin the application process,you must first be officially nominated()by your home institution's exchange office,as UM doesn't accept direct applications from individuals.The nomination package should include documents that showcase your academic background and study plans.These should be official English transcripts demonstrating your GPA,a detailed course selection form outlining your proposed studies at UM,a thoughtful personal statement explaining your motivation for joining the program,and at least one recommendation letter from a faculty member at your home university.For postgraduate students interested in research-based programs, an additional research project proposal is required. Once nominated,you will receive access to UM's online application system where you can complete your registration.This digital process requires you to submit a passport-sized photo,and copies of your identification documents It's particularly important for you to complete this application by deadline,as late submissions may affect your ability to pre-select courses. Upon arriving,you need to complete several important registration steps.These include submitting a medical examination form,and additional passport photos for various administrative purposes.The university provides detailed guidance to help you navigate these requirements, ensuring you can focus on making the most of your experience in Macao. For more information,please visit our official exchange program website or come to the school for consultation. 21.Which is the first step for students to begin the application? A.Getting nomination from their institutions. B.Obtaining one recommendation letter. C.Preparing their official transcripts. D.Designing a research proposal. 22.What are students required to do in the online application step? A.To upload photos of different sizes. B.To explore the course options at UM. C.To submit copies of identification files. D.To transfer their previous credits to UM. 新高三人学定位考试（英语） 第3页（共10页） 23.What is the main purpose of the passage? A.To promote the exchange program. B.To attract students to visit the university. C.To introduce the university website. D.To inform students of the registration steps. B In early 2023,I embarked on a voyage to the Galapagos Islands.It was on Floreana Island's windswept shore that I encountered a weathered whisky barrel-the legendary Post Office Bay mailbox.It was first used by sailors in 1793 to send mail back home:they would leave a letter and take any addressed to their next port of call to deliver them by hand.It's still used by tourists. People will leave a letter and take one that they are able to hand-deliver to their next destination. The barrel was full with postcards waiting for delivery.I took a couple home and delivered them with delight:one to a teacher from her pupil,and another from a girl to her boyfriend.The recipients were incredibly grateful. Weeks later,I couldn't stop thinking about the letters.Then I thought what if I spent a year delivering more letters from that postbox?I realised I could keep my remote job,and at the same time travel the world delivering post,using air miles-and working along the way. By March 2024,I returned to Galpagos I picked out 55 letters and postcards that covered a large geographic area.I aimed to deliver one a week,covering at least 52 countries and spanning all seven continents. I'm 52 and very outgoing,but I'm aware that nowadays people are cautious of speaking to one another.Delivering letter number 50,in Bergen,Norway,I almost got arrested.The lady who answered the door didn't believe my story and mistook my selfie stick for a weapon,so she called the police.I had to show the officers my GPS location history to prove what I was doing,and we all ended up laughing together. My favourite delivery was letter eight,in Mexico City,from a daughter to her mother, thanking her for letting her follow her dreams.The mother had been very ill,and her daughter wanted to come home from her travels to look after her,but she insisted her daughter should continue with her trip.I'm still in touch with both of them. When I finished my challenge in March this year,I held a party in London and invited everyone I'd met along the way.People came from all over the world.I was so touched and humbled.I've made friends for life. 24.How was mail delivered at Post Office Bay in the 18 century? A.By regular local messengers. B.By sailors stationed on the islands. C.By private postal service on the islands. D.By hand-delivery to the next destination. 新高三入学定位考试（英语）第4页（共10页） 25.The author decided to return to Galapagos because she A.was assigned to handle some remote work B.was concerned about the delivery of the letters C.intended to use her air miles before the deadline D.wanted to check the letters in the deserted barrel 26.Which words can best describe the author according to the passage? A.Positive and curious. B.Determined and caring. C.Passionate but serious. D.Brave but introverted. 27.What can we learn from this passage? A.New bonds grow out of the traditional practices. B.Letters hold magical power in the modern world. C.Each individual is the architect of their own success. D.Small acts of kindness bring huge emotional rewards. C In 1961,MIT meteorologist Edward Lorenz was inputting numbers into a weather prediction program.His model was based on a dozen variables,the value of one being.506127.When he ran the model again,he rounded that number to.506,then left the room to grab a coffee.When he came back,he discovered this tiny change had resulted in a dramatically different weather prediction. When presenting his groundbreaking model of chaos and the potential of extreme chaotic unpredictability at the 1972 meeting,Lorenz posed the question:"Does the flap of a butterfly's wings in Brazil set off a tornado in Texas?" Richard A.Anthes,former president of the University Corporation,says Lorenz was illustrating how,"in a system of apparently simple mathematical equations,a tiny change in the initial position of the particle can cause huge changes in its future position."This analogy so simply and beautifully expressed with Lorenz's fascinating metaphor(),captured the imaginations of scientists and the public alike. The butterfly effect "disrupted science at a philosophical level,showing that modeling the future is only predictable to an extent",explains Bo-Wen Shen,an associate professor at San Diego State University.Shen thinks this is because the idea that even the slightest changes may have significant impacts "offers hope to individuals,encouraging them to take small actions that could have a profound and positive effect". 新高三入学定位考试（英语）第5页（共10页) The concept has been the subject of films and social media where people shared their butterfly effect stories:seemingly random events-a car breaking down,a missed train,a broken shoe- that lead to significant moments in their life. These stories often misunderstand Lorenz's original concept and more accurately describe a coincidence.The main disconnect lies in the belief that the ability of a tiny change to create an organized disturbance at large distances is a real phenomenon. Tim Palmer,a climate physics professor at Oxford,argues that Lorenz's butterfly effect illustrates how weather emerges from independent atmospheric patterns interacting in fleeting, collective ways.In 2017,he said to imagine weather like a set of Russian dolls:a large low- pressure system holds thunderstorms,which contain smaller clouds and turbulent eddies,with even tinier eddies inside.His idea about how to understand the butterfly effect is "there are finite predictability horizons which cannot be extended by reducing uncertainty in initial conditions". Shen says the butterfly effect is best illustrated using this proverb-like folktale by poet George Herbert in 1640: "For want of a nail,the shoe was lost. For want of a shoe,the horse was lost. For want of a horse,the rider was lost. For want of a rider,the battle was lost. For want of a battle,the kingdom was lost. And all for the want of a horseshoe nail. 28.What did Lorenz find when coming back from grabbing a coffee? A.One of the variables was rounded off. B.His lab would have to run a model again. C.He had made a mistake in entering numbers. D.A tiny change led to an entirely different outcome. 29.What might be the purpose of paragraph 6? A.To showcase real life examples for the public. B.To show the significance of the butterfly effect. C.To present a misunderstanding of the butterfly effect. D.To highlight the wide influence of the butterfly effect. 30.What can we learn about the butterfly effect from the passage? A.Its popularity improves people's awareness of small actions. B.It shows metaphorically how tiny details can reshape future. C.It contributes greatly to the precision of modelling the future. D.Improving its initial data helps extend weather predictability 新高三入学定位考试（英语）第6页（共10页） D Rooted in thermodynamics,entropy()represents the measure of disorder in a system,and local entropy reduction,conversely,signifies the temporary creation of order within a subsystem, while increasing entropy in its surroundings.This concept does not challenge but operates within our fundamental understanding of the universe's tendency towards global entropy increase,and its implications stretch far beyond the field of physics. In the biological world,living organisms are remarkable examples of systems that actively maintain local entropy reduction as open systems.From the simplest single-celled organisms to complex human beings,life maintains local order by consuming energy from its environment,while inevitably increasing the total entropy of the system and surroundings.Cells organize molecules into certain structures,organisms grow and develop in a structured manner-all these processes require the intake of energy,which is then used to create and maintain order while increasing entropy in the surrounding environment.For instance,plants convert (less than 1%of absorbed sunlight through photosynthesis into chemical energy to build complex organic molecules, while most energy is lost as heat,increasing environmental entropy. On a societal level,human societies metaphorically mimic entropy reduction by creating organizational structures through various means,such as laws,institutions,and cultural norms. These elements act as forces that counteract the chaos of individual desires and actions,bringing about a sense of stability and predictability.Education,for example,is a powerful tool for organizing society.It helps individuals structure their thoughts,develop decision-making abilities, and contribute to the overall order and progress of the community. In technology,the pursuit of order drives innovation.Engineers and scientists constantly seek to create systems that improve energy efficiency,but all man-made systems ultimately increase global entropy through waste heat and resource consumption.From the development of advanced computer algorithms that can sort and process vast amounts of data to the design of sustainable energy systems that convert low-grade energy into usable forms,each technological advancement represents a step towards greater practical organization,as we transform raw materials and complex information into useful products and meaningful knowledge. However,the concept of local entropy reduction also raises questions.While the creation of order is essential,there are limits to hew much local entropy reduction can be achieved.All local order must be paid for by greater disorder elsewhere,as required by the second law of thermodynamics.Moreover,the pursuit of local order often comes at a cost.In our efforts to create structure,we may deplete resources,disrupt natural ecosystems,and generate new forms of disorder elsewhere. 新高三入学定位考试（英语）第7页（共10页） 31.Which example shows local entropy reduction? A.Study group collapses into quarrels B.Hot coffee cools to room temperature. C.Trees use sunlight to fuel their growth. D.Broken glass breaks into smaller pieces. 32.What can we learn from the passage? A.Living organisms create order by releasing energy. B.Local entropy reduction follows the universe's trend. C.New technologies help reduce global entropy increase. D.Creating local order causes greater disorder elsewhere. 33.What is the author's attitude towards local entropy reduction? A.Skeptical. B.Cautious. C.Critical. D.Indifferent. 34.What might be the best title of the passage? A.Order in Biology,Society,and Technology:A Comprehensive Analysis B.The Role of Entropy in Shaping Order:From Physics to Our Daily Life C.Local Order in a Disordered World:Entropy Beyond the Field of Physics D.The Conflict between Local and Global Entropy:A Futuristic Perspective 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将 该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Many people think a good learner must keep steady focus.Yet new studies show the opposite.When the mind gently drifts,it can still absorb facts.More importantly,it can connect them in fresh ways.This process,called inferential learning,lets us go beyond the given facts and reach new conclusions.35 Mind-drifting gives the brain extra time.Suppose a student hears that plants bend toward light.36 Neurons repeat the pattern without effort.This hidden rehearsal strengthens memory traces and keeps the door open for later links. Drifting invites remote associations.During a break,the same student may recall her kitchen window,where the basil plant leans each morning.Two scenes-classroom and kitchen-meet in her mind.From this mix she may infer that light direction,not just sunlight itself,guides plant growth.37 However,focused study rarely allows such loose pairing of places and times. A wandering mind tests rules in private.While the teacher moves to the next topic,the student's thoughts may run a quick test:"If the light comes from below,will the stem still bend 新高三入学定位考试（英语）第8页（共10页） up?"38 These quiet experiments sharpen understanding and prepare the learner for real tests later. 39 They forget that controlled wandering is not the same as chaos.Learners can set soft borders:after twenty minutes of hard work,they allow five minutes of gentle drift.In this window, the mind roams but stays near the topic.The result is deeper insight without lost time. A.Critics may say distraction wastes time. B.Mind-wandering breaks cognitive barriers. C.No lab is needed;the brain runs a silent model D.This random access generates innovative ideas. E.The leap is small,but it is new knowledge built on her own. F.A wandering mind,it turns out,is a quiet helper in this work. G.While her eyes look out of the window,her brain keeps the idea alive. 第三部分书面表达（共两节，32分） 第一节（共4小题；第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分） 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 Have you ever felt a sense of relief and understanding wash over you after reading a book that seemed to echo your innermost thoughts and feelings?That's the essence of bibliotherapy-a form of therapy that taps into the power of books to help people heal emotionally.It's not about digging deep into literary analysis;instead,it's about seeking comfort,inspiration,and answers within the written words of a book. In our modern,fast-paced lives,stress,anxiety,and various emotional challenges have been almost everywhere.Bibliotherapy steps in as a simple yet highly effective solution.When we immerse ourselves in stories where characters deal with similar struggles,we experience a profound realization:we are not alone in our hardships,and we gradually learn to view the world through their eyes. Bibliotherapy is also an invaluable tool for self-discovery.Self-help books like "Atomic Habits"by James Clear are designed to guide readers through a series of exercises aimed at clarifying their values,setting achievable goals,and gaining a better understanding of their emotions.By engaging with books,we gain valuable insights into our true selves and develop practical strategies for personal growth and self-improvement. The appeal of bibliotherapy extends far beyond its emotional benefits-it also lies in its remarkable accessibility.Unlike traditional therapy,which often requires scheduling appointments,traveling to a therapist's office,and resulting in costs,bibliotherapy can be 新高三人学定位考试（英语)第9页（共10页） practiced anywhere,at any time.All you need is a book.Whether you're curled up on your couch at home,or taking a break in a park,a book is always ready to offer support and healing. Bibliotherapy also provides a unique form of flexibility.Traditional therapy sessions follow a set schedule,but with bibliotherapy,you can revisit a book as often as needed,pausing and reflecting at your own pace. So,the next time you find yourself struggling with negative emotions or seeking personal growth,don't hesitate to pick up a book-it might just be the most effective and accessible form of therapy you'll ever discover. 40.What is bibliotherapy? 41.Why is bibliotherapy a tool for self-discovery? 42.Please decide which part is false in the following statement,then underline it and explain why. >Traditional therapy sessions follow a set schedule,but with bibliotherapy,you must follow a reading plan designed by experts to ensure effectiveness. 43.Introduce one of your experiences of getting healed by reading books.(In about 40 words) 第二节(20分) 假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你班交换生即将回国，学校邀请他制作一期海 报，描述自己眼中的中国校园生活。他写邮件向你征求建议。请你用英文给他回复，内容 包括： 1.提出的建议； 2.建议的理由。 注意：1.词数100左右； 2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Jim, Yours, Li Hua (请务必将作文写在答题卡指定区域内) 新高三人学定位考试（英语）第10页（共10页）