内容正文:
人教版(2019)必修3 Unit 4 Space Exploration.同步词汇笔记
序号
单词或短语
音标
词性
意思
派生词
核心考点
经典例句
1
astronaut
/ˈæstrənɔːt/
n.
宇航员;太空人
N/A
N/A
Yang Liwei is the first Chinese astronaut to travel in space.(杨利伟是中国首位太空旅行的宇航员。)
2
procedure
/prəˈsiːdʒə(r)/
n.
程序;步骤;手续
N/A
N/A
The doctor explained the surgical procedure to the patient carefully.(医生向患者详细解释了手术步骤。)
3
mental
/ˈmentl/
adj.
精神的;思想的
mentally (adv. 精神上;心理上)
mental health(心理健康)
Schools should pay more attention to students' mental health.(学校应更关注学生的心理健康。)
4
cm
/ˈsentɪmiːtə(r)/(全称音标)
abbr.
厘米(centimetre/centimeter 的缩写)
N/A
表示长度单位“厘米”,常与数字搭配(如 10 cm)
The length of this pencil is about 18 cm.(这支铅笔的长度约为18厘米。)
5
intelligent
/ɪnˈtelɪdʒənt/
adj.
有智慧的;聪明的;有智力的
intelligence (n. 智力;智慧)
N/A
The intelligent boy solved the problem in five minutes.(这个聪明的男孩五分钟就解出了难题。)
6
rocket
/ˈrɒkɪt/
n.
火箭;火箭弹
N/A
launch a rocket(发射火箭)
The country successfully launched a new rocket last month.(该国上月成功发射了一枚新火箭。)
7
gravity
/ˈɡrævəti/
n.
重力;引力
N/A
N/A
Gravity keeps us from floating off the Earth.(重力使我们不会飘离地球。)
8
frontier
/ˈfrʌntɪə(r)/
n.
边境;国界;边远地区
N/A
N/A
Many scientists are exploring the frontiers of space.(许多科学家正在探索太空的未知领域。)
9
vehicle
/ˈviːəkl/
n.
交通工具;车辆
N/A
N/A
Electric vehicles are becoming more and more popular.(电动汽车正变得越来越普及。)
10
determined
/dɪˈtɜːmɪnd/
adj.
有决心的;意志坚定的
determine (v. 查明;确定;决定);determination (n. 决心;决定)
be determined to do sth(决心做某事)
She is determined to learn English well this year.(她决心今年学好英语。)
11
determine
/dɪˈtɜːmɪnd/
vt.
查明;确定;决定
determined (adj. 有决心的;意志坚定的);determination (n. 决心;决定)
determine to do sth(决定做某事);determine sth(确定某事)
We need to determine the cause of the accident first.(我们首先需要查明事故的原因。)
12
satellite
/ˈsætəlaɪt/
n.
人造卫星;卫星
N/A
launch a satellite(发射卫星)
This satellite is used for communication.(这颗卫星用于通信。)
13
launch
/lɔːntʃ/
vt. & n.
发射;发起;上市
N/A
launch a satellite(发射卫星);launch a campaign(发起运动)
The company plans to launch a new product next season.(该公司计划下个季度推出一款新产品。)
14
orbit
/ˈɔːbɪt/
n. / vt. & vi.
(环绕地球、太阳等运行的)轨道;势力范围;沿轨道运行;环绕……运行
N/A
go into orbit(进入轨道);orbit around sth(环绕某物运行)
The moon orbits around the Earth.(月球环绕地球运行。)
15
giant
/ˈdʒaɪənt/
adj. / n.
巨大的;伟大的;巨人;巨兽;伟人
N/A
N/A
The giant panda is a national treasure of China.(大熊猫是中国的国宝。)
16
leap
/liːp/
n. / vi. & vt.
跳跃;剧增;剧变;跳过;跃过(过去式/过去分词:leapt/leaped)
N/A
a leap of faith(盲目的信任);leap over sth(跳过某物)
There has been a great leap in technology in recent years.(近年来科技有了巨大飞跃。)
17
mankind
/mænˈkaɪnd/
n.
人类
N/A
N/A
Mankind has made great progress in space exploration.(人类在太空探索方面取得了巨大进步。)
18
agency
/ˈeɪdʒənsi/
n.
(政府的)专门机构;服务机构;代理处
N/A
N/A
NASA is a famous space agency in the US.(NASA是美国著名的太空机构。)
19
transmit
/trænsˈmɪt/
vt. & vi.
传输;发送
transmission (n. 传输;传播)
transmit signals(传输信号);transmit data(传输数据)
The satellite transmits data to the Earth every day.(这颗卫星每天向地球传输数据。)
20
data
/ˈdeɪtə/
n. [pl.]
资料;数据
N/A
collect data(收集数据);analyze data(分析数据)
The researchers spent a year collecting data for the study.(研究人员为这项研究花了一年时间收集数据。)
21
on board
N/A
phrase
在宇宙飞船上;在船上;在飞机上
N/A
be on board(在……上)
All astronauts on board the spacecraft are in good condition.(宇宙飞船上的所有宇航员状况良好。)
22
spacecraft
/ˈspeɪskrɑːft/
n.
航天器;宇宙飞船
N/A
N/A
The spacecraft will land on Mars next year.(这艘航天器将于明年在火星着陆。)
23
disappointment
/ˌdɪsəˈpɔɪntmənt/
n.
失望;沮丧
disappoint (v. 使失望);disappointed (adj. 失望的;沮丧的);disappointing (adj. 令人失望的)
to one's disappointment(令某人失望的是)
To his disappointment, he didn't pass the exam.(令他失望的是,他没有通过考试。)
24
disappointed
/ˌdɪsəˈpɔɪntɪd/
adj.
失望的;沮丧的
disappoint (v. 使失望);disappointment (n. 失望;沮丧);disappointing (adj. 令人失望的)
be disappointed at/about sth(对某事失望);be disappointed to do sth(做某事感到失望)
She was disappointed at the result of the competition.(她对比赛结果感到失望。)
25
desire
/dɪˈzaɪə(r)/
n. / vt.
渴望;欲望;渴望;期望
desirable (adj. 令人渴望的;值得拥有的)
desire to do sth(渴望做某事);desire for sth(对某物的渴望)
He has a strong desire to become a scientist.(他有强烈的愿望成为一名科学家。)
26
universe
/ˈjuːnɪvɜːs/
n.
宇宙;天地万物
N/A
N/A
We are just a small part of the vast universe.(我们只是浩瀚宇宙中的一小部分。)
27
carry on
N/A
phrase
继续做,坚持干
N/A
carry on doing sth(继续做某事)
They carried on working even though it was late.(尽管很晚了,他们仍继续工作。)
28
independently
/ˌɪndɪˈpendəntli/
adv.
独立地;自立地
independent (adj. 独立的;自立的);independence (n. 独立;自主)
N/A
The child can dress independently now.(这个孩子现在能自己穿衣服了。)
29
independent
/ˌɪndɪˈpendənt/
adj.
独立的;自立的
independently (adv. 独立地;自立地);independence (n. 独立;自主)
be independent of sb/sth(不依赖某人/某物)
She is independent of her parents and lives alone.(她不依赖父母,独自生活。)
30
spacewalk
/ˈspeɪswɔːk/
n.
太空行走;太空行走的时间
N/A
N/A
The astronaut completed a 6-hour spacewalk outside the space station.(宇航员在空间站外完成了6小时的太空行走。)
31
jade
/dʒeɪd/
n.
玉;翡翠;玉器
N/A
N/A
The ancient Chinese often made beautiful ornaments from jade.(古代中国人常常用玉制作精美的饰品。)
32
module
/ˈmɒdjuːl/
n.
舱;组件;模块
N/A
N/A
The new module will be connected to the International Space Station next month.(这个新舱体将于下月与国际空间站对接。)
33
signal
/ˈsɪɡnəl/
vt. & vi. / n.
标志着;标明;发信号;信号;标志
N/A
send a signal(发信号);signal to sb(向某人发信号)
The red light signals that we must stop.(红灯表示我们必须停下。)
34
in the hope of doing sth
N/A
phrase
抱着……的希望
N/A
本身为固定搭配,“抱着……的希望”
He studied day and night in the hope of getting into his dream university.(他日夜学习,抱着进入梦想大学的希望。)
35
so as to (do sth)
N/A
phrase
为了;以便
N/A
为了;以便(不置于句首,后接动词原形)
She saved money so as to buy a new computer.(她存钱是为了买一台新电脑。)
36
recycle
/ˌriːˈsaɪkl/
vt.
回收利用;再利用
recycling (n. 回收利用);recyclable (adj. 可回收利用的)
recycle waste(回收废物)
We should recycle paper and plastic to protect the environment.(我们应该回收纸和塑料以保护环境。)
37
muscle
/ˈmʌsl/
n.
肌肉;实力;影响力
muscular (adj. 肌肉发达的;肌肉的)
N/A
Regular exercise can make your muscles stronger.(规律运动能让你的肌肉更强壮。)
38
lack
/læk/
n. / vt.
缺乏;短缺;没有;缺乏
lacking (adj. 缺乏的;不足的)
lack of sth(缺乏某物);lack sth(缺乏某物)
The plant died because of lack of water.(这棵植物因为缺水而死了。)
39
float
/fləʊt/
vi. / vt.
浮动;漂流;漂浮;使浮动;使漂流
N/A
float on sth(漂浮在某物上)
Leaves float on the surface of the water.(树叶漂浮在水面上。)
40
otherwise
/ˈʌðəwaɪz/
adv.
否则;要不然
N/A
N/A
Hurry up, otherwise we will miss the train.(快点,否则我们会错过火车。)
41
beyond
/bɪˈjɒnd/
prep.
在更远处;超出
N/A
beyond one's ability(超出某人的能力);beyond doubt(毫无疑问)
This problem is beyond my understanding.(这个问题超出了我的理解范围。)
42
solar
/ˈsəʊlə(r)/
adj.
太阳的;太阳能的
N/A
solar energy(太阳能);solar system(太阳系)
Many families use solar energy to heat water.(许多家庭用太阳能烧水。)
43
solar system
N/A
phrase
太阳系;类太阳系
N/A
N/A
There are eight planets in the solar system.(太阳系中有八颗行星。)
44
current
/ˈkʌrənt/
adj. / n.
当前的;现在的;水流;电流;思潮
currently (adv. 当前;现在)
current situation(当前形势);current of water(水流)
The current president of the country will visit China next week.(该国现任总统下周将访问中国。)
45
figure out
N/A
phrase
弄懂;弄清楚;弄明白
N/A
figure out sth(弄懂/弄清楚某事)
I can't figure out how to use this new app.(我弄不懂怎么用这个新应用。)
46
sufficient
/səˈfɪʃnt/
adj.
足够的;充足的
sufficiently (adv. 足够地;充足地);sufficiency (n. 充足;足量)
be sufficient for sth(对某事来说足够)
We have sufficient time to finish the work.(我们有足够的时间完成这项工作。)
47
soap
/səʊp/
n.
肥皂
N/A
N/A
We use soap to wash our hands.(我们用肥皂洗手。)
48
towel
/ˈtaʊəl/
n.
毛巾;抹布
N/A
N/A
She dried her hands with a clean towel.(她用干净的毛巾擦干了手。)
49
telescope
/ˈtelɪskəʊp/
n.
望远镜
N/A
look through a telescope(通过望远镜看)
Astronomers use telescopes to observe stars.(天文学家用望远镜观测星星。)
50
microwave
/ˈmaɪkrəweɪv/
n.
微波炉(=microwave oven)
N/A
N/A
She heated the food in the microwave.(她用微波炉加热了食物。)
51
tissue
/ˈtɪʃuː; ˈtɪsjuː/
n.
纸巾;(人、动植物细胞的)组织
N/A
facial tissue(面巾纸)
She used a tissue to wipe her nose.(她用纸巾擦了鼻子。)
52
facility
/fəˈsɪləti/
n.
设施;设备
N/A
public facilities(公共设施)
The school has good sports facilities.(这所学校有良好的体育设施。)
53
keen
/kiːn/
adj.
热衷的;渴望的
keenly (adv. 强烈地;热切地)
be keen on doing sth(热衷于做某事);be keen to do sth(渴望做某事)
He is keen on playing basketball.(他热衷于打篮球。)
54
globe
/ɡləʊb/
n.
地球;世界;地球仪
global (adj. 全球的;全世界的);globally (adv. 全球地)
the globe(地球;全世界)
English is spoken all over the globe.(英语在全世界通用。)
55
argue
/ˈɑːɡjuː/
vt. & vi.
论证;争辩;争论
argument (n. 争论;争吵;论点);argumentative (adj. 好争辩的)
argue with sb about sth(就某事与某人争论)
They argued with each other about the plan.(他们就这个计划互相争论。)
56
argument
/ˈɑːɡjumənt/
n.
争论;争吵;论点
argue (v. 论证;争辩;争论)
have an argument with sb(与某人争论)
They had a big argument about money yesterday.(他们昨天就钱的问题大吵了一架。)
57
fatal
/ˈfeɪtl/
adj.
致命的;灾难性的
fatally (adv. 致命地;灾难性地)
N/A
The car accident caused a fatal injury to the driver.(这起车祸给司机造成了致命伤害。)
58
shallow
/ˈʃæləʊ/
adj.
肤浅的;浅的
shallowly (adv. 肤浅地;浅浅地);shallowness (n. 肤浅;浅)
N/A
The river is shallow here, so we can walk across it.(这里的河很浅,我们可以走过去。)
59
result in
N/A
phrase
导致;造成
N/A
result in sth(导致/造成某事)
Careless driving may result in serious accidents.(粗心驾驶可能导致严重事故。)
60
pattern
/ˈpætn/
n.
模式;图案;模范
N/A
N/A
The dress has a beautiful flower pattern.(这条裙子有漂亮的花卉图案。)
61
analysis
/əˈnæləsɪs/
n.
(对事物的)分析;分析结果(复数:analyses)
analyze (v. 分析;研究);analytical (adj. 分析的;解析的)
make an analysis of sth(对某事进行分析)
The analysis of the data showed that the theory was correct.(数据分析表明该理论是正确的。)
62
as a result
N/A
phrase
所以;结果(是)
N/A
常置于句首,后接逗号,表结果
He didn't study hard. As a result, he failed the exam.(他学习不努力,所以考试不及格。)
63
high-end
N/A
adj.
高端的
N/A
N/A
This store sells high-end electronic products.(这家店销售高端电子产品。)
64
monitor
/ˈmɒnɪtə(r)/
n. / vt.
监视器;监测仪;监视;监测;监控
N/A
monitor sth(监视/监测某物)
Doctors monitor the patient's condition closely.(医生密切监测患者的病情。)
65
regularly
/ˈreɡjələli/
adv.
经常;定期地
regular (adj. 定期的;经常的;正常的);regularity (n. 规律性;定期)
N/A
He exercises regularly to keep fit.(他定期锻炼以保持健康。)
66
regular
/ˈreɡjələ(r)/
adj.
定期的;经常的;正常的
regularly (adv. 经常;定期地);regularity (n. 规律性;定期)
regular exercise(定期锻炼);regular customer(常客)
She has a regular habit of getting up early.(她有早起的习惯。)
67
foam
/fəʊm/
n.
泡沫橡胶;泡沫
N/A
N/A
The pillow is filled with foam.(这个枕头填充了泡沫橡胶。)
68
pillow
/ˈpɪləʊ/
n.
枕头
N/A
N/A
She put her head on the pillow and fell asleep.(她把头放在枕头上睡着了。)
69
smartphone
/ˈsmɑːtfəʊn/
n.
智能手机
N/A
N/A
Almost everyone has a smartphone now.(现在几乎每个人都有一部智能手机。)
70
resource
/rɪˈsɔːs/
n.
资源;财力;物力
N/A
natural resources(自然资源)
We should protect natural resources for future generations.(我们应该为后代保护自然资源。)
71
limited
/ˈlɪmɪtid/
adj.
有限的
limit (v. 限制;限定;n. 限制;限度);limitation (n. 限制;局限)
be limited to sth(限于某事/某物)
Our time is limited, so we need to hurry.(我们的时间有限,所以需要快点。)
72
provide for sb
N/A
phrase
提供生活所需
N/A
为某人提供生活所需(侧重物质支持)
He works hard to provide for his family.(他努力工作以养家糊口。)
73
closing
/ˈkləʊzɪŋ/
adj. / n.
结尾的;结束的;停业;关闭;倒闭
close (v. 关闭;结束;adj. 近的;亲密的);closed (adj. 关闭的;停业的)
closing time(关门时间;截止时间);closing remarks(结束语)
The closing time of the supermarket is 10 pm.(这家超市的关门时间是晚上10点。)
74
in closing
N/A
phrase
最后
N/A
用于演讲或文章结尾,表总结
In closing, I want to thank everyone for their help.(最后,我想感谢大家的帮助。)
75
mystery
/ˈmɪstri/
n.
神秘事物;谜
mysterious (adj. 神秘的;难以理解的);mysteriously (adv. 神秘地)
N/A
The origin of this ancient building is still a mystery.(这座古建筑的起源仍是个谜。)
76
run out
N/A
phrase
用完;耗尽
N/A
主语为物,无被动,run out of sth(某人用完某物)
Our water will run out if we don't save it.(如果我们不节约用水,水就会用完。)
77
attach
/əˈtætʃ/
vt.
系;绑;贴
attachment (n. 附件;依恋)
attach sth to sth(把某物系/绑/贴到某物上)
Please attach the photo to your application form.(请把照片贴到申请表上。)
78
oxygen
/ˈɒksɪdʒən/
n.
氧;氧气
N/A
N/A
Humans need oxygen to breathe.(人类需要氧气来呼吸。)
79
Sputnik 1
/ˈspʌtnɪk/
n.
“旅伴一号”(苏联发射的人类第一颗人造卫星)
N/A
N/A
Sputnik 1 was launched by the USSR in 1957.(“旅伴一号”由苏联于1957年发射。)
80
the USSR
/ˌjuː es es ˈɑː(r)/
abbr.
苏联(the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics 的缩写)
N/A
N/A
The USSR was a powerful country in the 20th century.(苏联是20世纪的一个强国。)
81
Yuri Gagarin
/ˈjuəri ɡəˈɡɑːrɪn/
n.
尤里·加加林(苏联宇航员)
N/A
N/A
Yuri Gagarin was the first human to travel in space.(尤里·加加林是首位太空旅行的人类。)
82
Neil Armstrong
/ˈniːl ˈɑːmstrɒŋ/
n.
尼尔·阿姆斯特朗(美国宇航员)
N/A
N/A
Neil Armstrong was the first person to walk on the moon.(尼尔·阿姆斯特朗是首位在月球行走的人。)
83
NASA
/ˈnæsə/
abbr.
(美国)国家航空与航天局(National Aeronautics and Space Administration 的缩写)
N/A
N/A
NASA has launched many space missions.(NASA已经发起了许多太空任务。)
84
Voyager 1
/ˈvɔɪdʒə(r)/
n.
“旅行者一号”
N/A
N/A
Voyager 1 is a spacecraft that has explored the outer solar system.(“旅行者一号”是一艘探索过外太阳系的航天器。)
85
Soyuz 11
/sɔɪˈjuːz/
n.
“联盟11号”
N/A
N/A
Soyuz 11 was a Soviet space mission in 1971.(“联盟11号”是1971年的一次苏联太空任务。)
86
Challenger
/ˈtʃæləndʒə(r)/
n.
“挑战者”号航天飞机
N/A
N/A
The Challenger exploded shortly after launch in 1986.(“挑战者”号航天飞机于1986年发射后不久爆炸。)
87
the International Space Station
N/A
n.
国际空间站
简称 ISS
N/A
Astronauts from different countries work together on the International Space Station.(来自不同国家的宇航员在国际空间站共同工作。)
88
Jade Rabbit
/dʒeɪd ˈræbɪt/
n.
“玉兔”月球车
N/A
N/A
Jade Rabbit is China's lunar rover that explored the moon.(“玉兔”是中国探索月球的月球车。)
89
Mars
/mɑːz/
n.
火星
N/A
N/A
Scientists are studying whether there is life on Mars.(科学家正在研究火星上是否有生命。)
90
Jupiter
/ˈdʒuːpɪtə(r)/
n.
木星
N/A
N/A
Jupiter is the largest planet in the solar system.(木星是太阳系中最大的行星。)
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