内容正文:
Unit 1 Look it up!
Unit review单元复习
英语沪教版八年级上册
Lead-in
Write down the words according to Chinese.
(1)恐龙
(6)笔记本
(10)痛苦;苦难
(2)有才智的;聪明的
(9)出生
(3)天才的
(7)交通工具
(11)艺术家;画家
(4)艺术的
(8)历史前的
(12)死;死亡
(5)也许;大概
(14)全部的;所有的
(13)完全地;彻底地
(15)一篇(作品)
dinosaur
talented
notebook
completely
suffering
whole
intelligent
artistic
vehicle
birth
artist
piece
death
prehistoric
perhaps
Lead-in
Match the pictures with the corresponding words.
dinosaur
intelligent
artist/artistic
prehistoric
notebook
vehicle
话题梳理
话题:Encyclopaedia & figures(百科全书和人物)
功能:Talk about information-seeking.
(谈论信息搜寻)
Describe famous people's lives.
(描述名人的生活。)
Talk about dinosaurs' features.
(讨论恐龙的特征。)
话题梳理
Animal friends
You can look up...in an encyclopaedia.
An encyclopaedia provides information about...
If you want to know about, you can refer to...
Describe famous people's lives.
Talk about information - seeking.
Talk about dinosaurs' features.
He/She was born in/on...
He/She is/was talented in...
He/She made contributions to...
He/She became well-known for...
Dinosaurs were a type of...
Some dinosaurs were...while others were...
Dinosaurs died out because...
考点突破
1. look up 的用法
look up
(查,查找)
look up是由动词+副词构成的短语,如果宾语是代词,要放在look与up之间,如果是名词,可放在look up后面,也可以放在look与up之间。
【拓展】 与look有关的常用短语:
look out look through look over look after look forward to
look like look for look out of
【重点】另外注意动词后加介词构成动介词短语,此时,该短语相当于一个及物动词,后面必须加宾语(由名词、代词或动名词充当),且该宾语不能放在动介词短语的中间。
May I come into this room? 我可以进到这个房间里来吗?
(come into是动+介词短语,宾语this room不能省略。)
考点突破
【典例分析】
—I don’t know the new word.
—It doesn’t matter, you can ________ in the dictionary.
A. look up it B. look it up C. look for it
【答案】B
【解析】句意:我不认识这个生词,没关系,你可以在字典里查一下它。
考查动词短语的辨析。look for的意思是“寻找”;look up的意思是“查字典”,跟代词时应该放在look与up的中间,因此,答案为B项。
考点突破
2. intelligent
intelligent
形容词(adj.)聪明的;有才智的;智能的
an intelligent student 聪明的学生
intelligent robots 智能机器人
She is intelligent and hard-working.她既聪明又勤奋。
intelligence
名词(n.)智力;才智;智慧;
Artificial Intelligence 人工智能(缩写 AI)
human intelligence人类智力
考点突破
【典例分析】
The boy's _______ surprised everyone when he solved the math problem in 10 seconds.
A. talent B. intelligence C. courage D. patience
【答案】B
【解析】句意为“这个男孩的_______让所有人惊讶,当他在 10 秒内解出数学题时”。 intelligence 指 “智力;解决问题的能力”,符合 “快速解数学题” 的语境。talent 侧重 “某方面的天赋”(如艺术、音乐),此处更强调思维能力,排除 A。courage(勇气) 和 patience(耐心) 与题意无关,排除 C、D。
考点突破
3. talent
talent
名词(n.)天赋;才能;人才
She has a lot of talent for music. 她很有音乐天赋。
He is a young man with many talents. 他是个多才多艺的年轻人。
固定搭配
have a talent for (doing) sth:在某方面有天赋。 talent show:才艺表演
The boy has a natural talent for drawing. 这个男孩有绘画的天赋。
考点突破
3. talent
talented
(形容词)有天赋的;有才能的;多才多艺的
She is a talented artist.她是一位有才华的艺术家。
be talented in 在某领域有才能/天赋
He is talented in math.他在数学方面有天赋。
She is talented in playing the piano.她擅长弹钢琴。
考点突破
1. 完成单词题(固定搭配)根据句意及首字母提示填空:
(1) She has a t_______ for dancing and wins many prizes.
(2) He is a _______ singer who can write and arrange songs.
【答案】1.talent 2.talented
【解析】1.句意为 “她有舞蹈_______并赢得许多奖项”,固定搭配 “have a talent for”,填名词 “talent”。
2.“多才多艺的歌手” 译为 “talented singer”,用形容词 “talented”。
2. 她在钢琴演奏方面很有天赋,经常在学校活动中表演。(完成句子)
She _____ ____ _____ _______the piano and often performs at school events.
【答案】is talented in playing /has a talent for playing
考点突破
4. be born
born v. be born 意为“出生 ”,其中动词be通常用was或者were。be born 后可接形容词,名词或介词短语,其所表达的意思也不同。
★ be born + adj. / n. 意为“生来……”。
例如:玛丽生来就很幸福。Mary was born happy.
他生来就是王子。Tom was born a prince.
★be born + in 意为“出生在……”。
例如:他出生在广州。He was born in Guangzhou.
★be born + into 意为“降生到……” ,多指降生到某种家庭。
例如:1867年,居里夫人出生在一个教师家庭。
In 1867, Madam Curie was born into a teacher’s family.
考点突破
【答案】B
【解析】句意为“露西 2005 年出生在伦敦附近的一个小镇”。 “be born” 表示 “出生”,根据 “in 2005” 可知用一般过去时,排除 A;主语Lucy 为单数,be 动词用 was,排除 C;born 不能单独作谓语,排除 D。
1.Lucy _______ in a small town near London in 2005.
A. is born B. was born C. were born D. born
考点突破
2.The baby was born _______, so the doctor gave him special care.
A. healthy B. health C. healthily D. unhealthy
【答案】was born with
【答案】D
【解析】句意为“这个婴儿出生时_______,所以医生给予了特殊护理”。 “be born + adj.” 表示 “生来……”,空格需形容词,排除 B(名词)、C(副词);根据“special care” 可知婴儿出生时不健康,用 “unhealthy”,排除 A(healthy 健康的)。
3. 这个作家生来就有写作天赋。(完成句子)
The writer ______ _________ _______ a talent for writing.
考点突破
5. relate 动词(v.)联系;讲述(故事等);涉及
词性 / 结构 核心含义 例句对比
relate(动词) 联系;讲述 She related how she overcame difficulties.
她讲述了如何克服困难。
related(形容词) 相关的;有亲属关系的 Related issues will be discussed next.
接下来将讨论相关问题。
be related to 与…… 相关 / 有亲属关系 Her job is related to computer programming.她的工作与计算机编程相关。
relation/relationship 关系;亲属 The relationship between them improved over time.他们之间的关系逐渐改善。
考点突破
【典例分析】
Please read the _______ materials before writing your report.
A. relate B. related C. relation D. relationship
【答案】B
【解析】句意为“写报告前请阅读_______材料”。空格需用形容词修饰“materials”,related(相关的) 符合要求;relate(v. 联系) 为动词,排除 A;relation(n. 关系) 和 relationship(n. 情感关系) 为名词,排除 C、D。
考点突破
6. both...and... either…or
both...and... …和…(两者)都
both...and... 意为“……和……(两者)都”,用于连接两个并列的句子成分。作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式。
Both Kate and Tom are from Class Three, Grade One.凯特和汤姆都来自一年级三班。
Lucy can speak both Italian and Greek.露西既会讲意大利语又会讲希腊语。
考点突破
6. both...and... either…or
either...or... 的用法
并列连词短语,用于连接两个平行的句子成分(如名词、动词、形容词、短语或从句),表示 “要么…… 要么……”“不是…… 就是……”,强调两者中的选择关系。
连接并列主语时,谓语动词遵循就近原则(即与靠近谓语的主语保持一致)
Either the students or the teacher has the key.
要么学生们有钥匙,要么老师有钥匙。
考点突破
【知识拓展】
not only...but also... 不但……而且…… 连接并列成分,当连接并列主语时,谓语动词与 but also后面的主语在人称和数上保持一致
neither...nor... 既不……也不…… 连接两个主语时,谓语动词与nor后面的主语在人称和数上保持一致
考点突破
【典例分析】
1. —What have you learnt after three years' study in China, Maria?
—I was taught ________ knowledge ________ good manners.
A. either; or B. both; and C. neither; nor D. not; but
【答案】B
【解析】考查短语辨析。A. either; or 或者………或者………。 B. both; and 和………(两者)都 C. neither; nor 既不………也不……… D. not; but 不是……… 而是……… 根据句意:我学到了知识和礼貌。故答案选B。
考点突破
【典例分析】
2.You can _______ take the bus _______ ride a bike to the park. Both ways are convenient.
A. either; or B. neither; nor C. both; and D. not only; but
【答案】A
【解析】考查连词短语辨析。句意:你可以_______坐公交_______骑自行车去公园,两种方式都很方便。A. either...or... 要么…… 要么……(二选一);B. neither...nor... 既不…… 也不……;C. both...and... 两者都;D. not only...but (also)... 不仅…… 而且……。根据 “Both ways are convenient” 可知,此处指两种方式选其一。故选 A。
考点突破
7. as…as…
as…as… 意为“和……一样……”,表示同级比较。使用时要注意第一个as为副词,第二个as为连词。
常用基本结构为:as + adj. / adv. + as,
其否定结构为:not as / so + adj. / adv. + as
这部电影和那部电影一样有趣。
This film is as interesting as that one.
这本字典没有那本字典厚。
This dictionary is not as / so thick as that one.
考点突破
【典例分析】
1.Wang Wei speaks English as _____ as Yang Lan. They both study English hard.
good B. well C. better D. best
【解析】句意:王伟的英语讲得和杨澜的一样好。他们学习英语都努力。A为形容词原级;B为副词的原级;C为比较级;D为最高级。本题考查同级比较。as…as中间用形容词或副词的原级,排除C/D;此处是副词修饰动词speak。故选B。
考点突破
8. die
1.die out 灭绝,消失
恐龙是如何灭绝的? How did the dinosaurs die out?
2.die of/from:因…… 而死(具体死因)
die of 常接内部原因(疾病、饥饿、衰老等):He died of cancer.他死于癌症。
die from 常接外部原因(事故、创伤、环境等):
She died from a car accident.(她死于车祸。)
3.die down:逐渐减弱;平息(指声音、火势、情绪等)
The wind died down in the evening.(风在傍晚逐渐平息。)
考点突破
同根词
词性 / 结构 核心含义 例句对比
die(动词) 死亡(动作) He died peacefully in his sleep.
他在睡梦中平静地去世。
dead(形容词) 死的(状态) The dead leaves fell to the ground.
枯叶落到了地上。
death(名词) 死亡(抽象概念) Smoking increases the risk of death.
吸烟增加死亡风险。
dying(形容词) 垂死的;即将消失的 The dying fire needs more wood.
快熄灭的火需要添柴。
考点突破
9. play an important role in
意思是 “在……中扮演重要角色/起重要作用”
Trees play a big role in keeping the air clean.
树木在保持空气清洁方面起着重要作用。
Parents play a big role in their children's growth.
父母在孩子的成长过程中扮演着重要角色。
Education plays a big role in shaping a person's future.
教育在塑造一个人的未来中起着重要作用。
考点突破
【典例分析】
Weather plays an important role ________ farming.
A. at B. in C. to D. of
【答案】B
【解析】句意:天气在农业中起着重要作用。
考查介词辨析。at在(某处);in在……里;to朝;of ……的。play a part in为固定搭配,意为“对……有影响、对……起作用”,符合句意,故选B。
考点突破
10. whole与all的用法
① whole和all两者都用作形容词,意为“整个的;全部的”,但在句中的位置不同,whole位于限定词(定冠词、指示代词、物主代词及所有格)之后(限定词+whole+名词)。all位于限定词(定冠词、指示代词、物主代词及所有格)之前(all+限定词+名词)。如:
The whole school/All the school was empty. 整个学校空无一人。
② 修饰不可数名词或可数名词复数时,一般用all。如:
I know all those people. 我认识所有那些人。
Jane has drunk all the milk. 简已经喝了所有的牛奶。
考点突破
③ 在表示地名的专有名词前用all,不用whole,但可用the whole of,如不能说the whole China,但可说the whole of China,用all时则可表示为all China。如:
Li Ming travelled the whole of China/all China in the past few years.
在过去几年里,李明游览了全中国。
10. whole与all的用法
考点突破
【典例分析】
He spent________ writing.
A. the morning all B. the all morning
C. whole the morning D. the whole morning
【点拨】D
【解析】本题用词语应用法解答。表示“全部的,整个的”时,whole放在冠词之后,all放在冠词之前。故选D。
语法突破
1. 不定代词: some & any
不定代词
some意为“一些”,既可修饰可数名词,也可修饰不可数名词
any意为“一些”,既可修饰可数名词,也可修饰不可数名词
多用于肯定句
表示请求或建议时,可用于一般疑问句,希望得到对方的肯定回答
多用于否定句和疑问句
也可用于肯定句,表示“任何”的意思,起强调作用
也用于条件句
语法突破
填空:
1. I have ______ good books to share.
2. Do you have ______ questions?
3. Would you like ______ tea?
答案:
1. some(肯定句)
2. any(疑问句)
3. some(期望肯定回答)
语法突破
2. 复合不定代词
复合不定代词
some-型—something(某事物),somebody(某人),someone(某人)
any-型— anything(某事物;任何事物),anybody(某人;任何人),anyone(某人;任何人)
every-型—everything(一切事物),everybody(每个人),everyone(每个人)
no-型—nothing(没有什么),nobody(没有人),no one(没有人)
语法突破
填空:
1. ______ knows the answer to this question.(有人)
2. There is ______ wrong with my bike.(没什么)
3. Did ______ call me?(任何人)
4. ______________ is now playing football.
5. I want ______________ to eat. I’m hungry.
答案:
1. Somebody/Someone
2. nothing(形容词后置:nothing wrong)
3. anybody/anyone
4. Someone/Somebody 5. something
Task 1
Let’s talk
Introduce a famous person you admire using expressions in Unit 1 .
语言支架:
“He/She was born in...”
“He/She is talented in...”
“He/She played an important role in...”
“Some people say he/she...”
Task 2
Let’s write
写一段关于 “恐龙” 的百科条目,要求使用 die out, be related to, some/any 等词汇和语法。
写作支架:“Dinosaurs ______(生活)on Earth millions of years ago. They ______(与…… 相关)lizards. Some were as big as ten elephants, and ______(其他的)were small ones were like chickens. They suddenly ______(灭绝)about 66 million years ago. Scientists have ______(一些)theories about why.”
Summary
Animal friends
Talk about information - seeking.
Describe famous people's lives.
Talk about dinosaurs' features.
Summary
要点回顾
1. look up 用法拓展
2. intelligent 用法拓展
3. talent 用法拓展
4. be born用法辨析
5. relate 动词(v.)联系;讲述(故事等);涉及
6. both...and..., either…or用法辨析
7. as…as…
Summary
要点回顾
8. die用法拓展
9. play an important role in 用法
10. whole与all的用法
11.不定代词: some & any用法辨析
12.复合不定代词用法辨析
Homework
1.Review what we learned in this unit.
2.Preview Reading in Unit 2.
Bye-bye!
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