摘要:
该高中英语人教版必修3 Unit 3 Diverse Cultures同步词汇笔记,系统梳理77个核心词汇及短语。从基础词汇(如diverse, fortune)的词性、派生词和考点出发,逐步延伸至文化主题词汇(如gumbo, ethnic, tai chi)及地名文化名词(如San Francisco, Tin How Temple),构建从词汇认知到文化理解的学习支架。
知识链路以“词汇基础—文化应用—跨文化关联”逻辑展开,每个词条配套音标、情境例句及核心考点。通过对比易混词(如immigrant/emigrant)培养思维品质,融入饮食、宗教、文学等多元文化元素提升文化意识,助力学生在语言实践中发展跨文化沟通能力与自主学习策略。
内容正文:
人教版(2019)必修3 Unit 3 Diverse Cultures.同步词汇笔记
序号
单词或短语
音标
词性
意思
派生词
核心考点
例句
1
diverse
/daɪˈvɜːs/
adj.
不同的;多种多样的
diversity(n. 差异(性);不同(点);多样性)
N/A
The city has a diverse population from all over the world.(这座城市有来自世界各地的多样化人口。)
2
diversity
/daɪˈvɜːsəti/
n.
差异(性);不同(点);多样性
diverse(adj. 不同的;多种多样的)
cultural diversity(文化多样性);biological diversity(生物多样性)
We should respect the diversity of different cultures.(我们应该尊重不同文化的多样性。)
3
fortune
/ˈfɔːtʃuːn; NAmE ˈfɔːrtʃən/
n.
机会;运气(fortune cookie 幸运曲奇)
fortunate(adj. 幸运的);fortunately(adv. 幸运地);unfortunate(adj. 不幸的)
seek one’s fortune(寻找成功致富之路;闯世界);make a fortune(发财);by fortune(碰巧)
Many young people went to the big city to seek their fortune.(许多年轻人去大城市闯世界。)
4
gumbo
/ˈɡʌmbəʊ/
n.
秋葵汤(用秋葵荚做的浓鸡汤或海鲜汤)
N/A
N/A
We tried the traditional gumbo in a local restaurant in New Orleans.(我们在新奥尔良的一家当地餐厅尝了传统秋葵汤。)
5
nachos
/ˈnætʃəʊz/
n. [pl.]
墨西哥玉米片
N/A
N/A
She ordered a plate of spicy nachos with cheese for dinner.(她点了一盘加奶酪的辣味墨西哥玉米片当晚餐。)
6
chip
/tʃɪp/
n.
(英)炸土豆条;(美)炸薯片;芯片;碎片
N/A
potato chips(炸薯片,美);fish and chips(炸鱼薯条,英);computer chip(电脑芯片)
In Britain, people often eat fish and chips as a quick meal.(在英国,人们常把炸鱼薯条当作快餐吃。)
7
cheese
/tʃiːz/
n.
干酪;奶酪
N/A
N/A
She added some cheese to the pasta to make it more delicious.(她往意大利面里加了些奶酪,让它更美味。)
8
spicy
/ˈspaɪsi/
adj.
加有香料的;辛辣的
N/A
spicy food(辛辣食物)
He loves spicy food, especially Sichuan dishes.(他喜欢辛辣食物,尤其是川菜。)
9
ethnic
/ˈeθnɪk/
adj.
具有民族特色的;异国风味的;民族的;种族的
ethnicity(n. 种族;民族)
ethnic culture(民族文化);ethnic food(民族风味食物);ethnic minority(少数民族)
The restaurant serves a variety of ethnic foods, such as Indian and Thai dishes.(这家餐厅提供多种民族风味食物,如印度菜和泰国菜。)
10
admit
/ədˈmɪt/
vi. & vt.
承认;准许进入(或加入)
admission(n. 承认;入场费;准许进入);admitted(adj. 被承认的;被录取的)
admit doing sth(承认做过某事);admit sb to sth(准许某人进入/加入……);admit that...(承认……)
He finally admitted breaking the window by accident.(他最终承认不小心打破了窗户。)
11
definitely
/ˈdefɪnətli/
adv.
肯定;确实
definite(adj. 明确的;肯定的)
N/A
—Do you want to go to the concert? —Definitely!(—你想去看演唱会吗?—当然想!)
12
occur
/əˈkɜː(r)/
vi.
发生;出现
occurrence(n. 发生;事件)
occur to sb(某人想到……);it occurs to sb that...(某人突然想到……);occur at/in(在……发生)
It suddenly occurred to me that I had forgotten to lock the door.(我突然想到忘了锁门。)
13
downtown
/ˌdaʊnˈtaʊn/
adv.
在市中心;往市中心
N/A(也可作adj.,表“市中心的”)
go downtown(去市中心);downtown area(市中心区域)
We usually go downtown to do shopping on weekends.(我们周末通常去市中心购物。)
14
mission
/ˈmɪʃn/
n.
传教(区);重要任务;使命
missionary(n. 传教士;adj. 传教的)
mission impossible(不可能完成的任务);on a mission(执行任务)
The doctor went to the remote area on a medical mission.(这位医生去偏远地区执行医疗任务。)
15
district
/ˈdɪstrɪkt/
n.
地区;区域
N/A
residential district(住宅区);business district(商业区);school district(学区)
Our school is located in the western district of the city.(我们学校位于城市的西区。)
16
graffiti
/ɡrəˈfiːti/
n. [pl.]
涂鸦;胡写乱画
N/A
N/A
The walls of the old building were covered with graffiti.(这座旧建筑的墙上满是涂鸦。)
17
comic
/ˈkɒmɪk/
n. & adj.
连环画杂志;漫画杂志;喜剧演员;滑稽的;使人发笑的
comedy(n. 喜剧;喜剧片)
comic book(漫画书);comic strip(连环漫画)
He likes reading comic books in his free time.(他空闲时喜欢看漫画书。)
18
afterwards
/ˈɑːftəwədz/
adv.
以后;后来(NAmE usually afterward)
N/A
N/A
We had dinner together, and afterwards we went for a walk in the park.(我们一起吃了晚饭,之后去公园散步了。)
19
head to
/hed tuː/
phrase
(朝……)前进;(向……)去
N/A
N/A
After finishing work, she headed to the supermarket to buy some vegetables.(下班后,她去超市买了些蔬菜。)
20
historical
/hɪˈstɒrɪkl/
adj.
(有关)历史的
history(n. 历史;历史学);historically(adv. 从历史角度);historic(adj. 历史上著名的,易混淆)
historical events(历史事件);historical figures(历史人物);historical records(历史记载)
The museum has a large collection of historical artifacts.(这家博物馆收藏了大量历史文物。)
21
seek
/siːk/
vt. & vi. (sought, sought)
寻找;寻求;争取;(向人)请求
N/A
seek one’s fortune(寻找成功致富之路;闯世界);seek help(寻求帮助);seek after(追求;寻求)
He left his hometown to seek his fortune in the big city.(他离开家乡去大城市寻找成功的机会。)
22
earn
/ɜːn/
vt. & vi.
挣得;赚得;赢得;博得
earnings(n. 收入;所得)
earn a living(谋生);earn money(赚钱);earn respect(赢得尊重);earn a reputation(赢得声誉)
He earns a living by working as a part-time teacher.(他靠做兼职教师谋生。)
23
immigrant
/ˈɪmɪɡrənt/
n.
(外来)移民;外侨
immigrate(v. 移民入境);immigration(n. 移民;移居入境);emigrant(n. 移民出境者,易混淆)
N/A
Many immigrants came to this country to start a new life.(许多移民来到这个国家开始新生活。)
24
select
/sɪˈlekt/
vt.
选择;挑选;选拔
selection(n. 选择;挑选);selective(adj. 选择性的;精挑细选的)
select sth for sb(为某人挑选某物);select sb to do sth(选拔某人做某事);select from(从……中挑选)
She selected a beautiful dress for her daughter’s birthday.(她为女儿的生日挑选了一条漂亮的裙子。)
25
china
/ˈtʃaɪnə/
n.
瓷;瓷器
N/A(首字母小写表“瓷器”,大写China表“中国”)
N/A
This set of china was made in Jingdezhen, a famous porcelain town.(这套瓷器产自著名瓷都景德镇。)
26
jazz
/dʒæz/
n.
爵士乐
jazz musician(爵士乐音乐家);jazz music(爵士乐)
N/A
He is a big fan of jazz and often goes to jazz concerts.(他是爵士乐迷,经常去听爵士音乐会。)
27
bar
/bɑː(r)/
n.
酒吧;小吃店;小馆子
N/A
go to a bar(去酒吧);coffee bar(咖啡馆);snack bar(小吃店)
They met at a small bar near the station to discuss their plan.(他们在车站附近的一家小酒吧见面讨论计划。)
28
diagram
/ˈdaɪəɡræm/
n.
简图;图解;图表;示意图
N/A
draw a diagram(画图表);a diagram of(……的示意图)
The teacher drew a diagram on the blackboard to explain the theory.(老师在黑板上画了示意图讲解这个理论。)
29
journal
/ˈdɜːnl/
n.
日志;日记;报纸;刊物
journalist(n. 记者;新闻工作者);journalism(n. 新闻业;新闻工作)
keep a journal(写日志/日记);academic journal(学术期刊)
She keeps a journal every day to record her thoughts and feelings.(她每天写日记记录自己的想法和感受。)
30
bring about
/brɪŋ əˈbaʊt/
phrase
导致;引起
N/A
N/A
Technological development has brought about great changes in people’s lives.(科技发展给人们的生活带来了巨大变化。)
31
claim
/kleɪm/
vt. & n.
夺取(生命);宣称;断言
claimant(n. 索赔人;声称者)
claim to do sth(声称做某事);claim that...(宣称……);claim one’s life(夺取某人生命);make a claim(提出索赔)
The storm claimed several lives in the coastal area.(这场暴风雨在沿海地区夺去了数条生命。)
32
series
/ˈsɪəriːz/
n.(单复数同形)
一系列;连续;接连
N/A
a series of(一系列或一连串(事件));TV series(电视剧);series of books(丛书)
The newspaper published a series of articles about environmental protection.(这家报纸发表了一系列关于环境保护的文章。)
33
apart from
/əˈpɑːt frəm/
phrase
除了……外(还);此外(NAmE usually aside from)
N/A
N/A
Apart from English, she also speaks French and German.(除了英语,她还会说法语和德语。)
34
minority
/maɪˈnɒrəti/
n.
少数民族;少数派;少数人
majority(n. 大多数,反义词)
ethnic minority(少数民族);the minority of(……中的少数);be in the minority(占少数)
The minority of students prefer to study alone.(少数学生喜欢独自学习。)
35
escape
/ɪˈskeɪp/
vi. & vt. & n.
逃走;逃脱;避开;逃跑;逃脱;解脱
escapee(n. 逃犯;逃亡者);escaping(adj. 逃跑的)
escape from(从……逃脱);escape doing sth(逃避做某事);narrow escape(九死一生)
The prisoner escaped from the prison last night.(那个囚犯昨晚从监狱逃跑了。)
36
Atlantic
/ətˈlæntɪk/
adj.
大西洋的
the Atlantic Ocean(大西洋,需加the)
N/A
They sailed across the Atlantic Ocean to America.(他们横渡大西洋前往美洲。)
37
financial
/faɪˈnænʃl/
adj.
财政的;财务的;金融的
finance(n. 财政;金融;v. 为……提供资金);financially(adv. 财政上;经济上)
financial crisis(金融危机);financial support(财政支持);financial management(财务管理)
The company is facing some financial difficulties this year.(这家公司今年面临一些财务困难。)
38
poetry
/ˈpəʊətri/
n.(不可数)
诗集;诗歌;诗作
poet(n. 诗人);poetic(adj. 诗的;诗意的)
N/A
She likes reading poetry, especially the works of Li Bai.(她喜欢读诗,尤其是李白的作品。)
39
jeans
/dʒiːnz/
n. [pl.]
牛仔裤
N/A
a pair of jeans(一条牛仔裤);blue jeans(蓝色牛仔裤)
He wears a pair of blue jeans to school every day.(他每天穿一条蓝色牛仔裤去上学。)
40
boot
/buːt/
n.
靴子
N/A
a pair of boots(一双靴子);snow boots(雪地靴);leather boots(皮靴)
She bought a new pair of leather boots for the winter.(她为冬天买了一双新皮靴。)
41
mushroom
/ˈmʌʃrʊm/
n.
蘑菇;蕈
N/A
N/A
We picked some fresh mushrooms in the forest and cooked them for dinner.(我们在森林里采了些新鲜蘑菇,煮来当晚餐。)
42
poisonous
/ˈpɔɪzənəs/
adj.
引起中毒的;有毒的;分泌毒素的
poison(n. 毒物;毒药;v. 毒死;毒害);poisonously(adv. 有毒地)
poisonous plants(有毒植物);poisonous snakes(毒蛇)
Be careful not to touch those poisonous mushrooms in the forest.(小心别碰森林里那些有毒的蘑菇。)
43
poison
/ˈpɔɪzn/
n. & vt.
毒物;毒药;毒素;毒死;毒害
poisonous(adj. 有毒的);poisoning(n. 中毒)
take poison(服毒);poison sb/sth(毒害某人/某物);rat poison(老鼠药)
The water in the river was poisoned by industrial waste.(这条河里的水被工业废水污染了。)
44
fold
/fəʊld/
vt. & vi.
包;裹;折叠;(可)折小;(可)叠平
folded(adj. 折叠的);folding(adj. 可折叠的)
fold sth up(把某物折起来);fold sth in(把某物包进去);fold one’s arms(抱臂)
She folded the clothes neatly and put them in the wardrobe.(她把衣服叠整齐,放进衣柜里。)
45
super
/ˈsuːpə(r); BrE also ˈsjuːpə(r)/
adv. & adj.
特别;格外;顶好的;超级的
supermarket(n. 超市);superhero(n. 超级英雄)
N/A
The movie we watched last night was super interesting.(我们昨晚看的电影特别有趣。)
46
collection
/kəˈlekʃn/
n.
作品集;收集物;收藏品
collect(v. 收集;采集);collector(n. 收藏家;收集者)
a collection of(一批……收藏品);art collection(艺术收藏品);stamp collection(邮票收藏)
He has a large collection of ancient coins.(他收藏了大量古钱币。)
47
accessory
/əkˈsesəri/
n.
配饰;附件;配件
N/A
fashion accessories(时尚配饰,如项链、围巾);computer accessories(电脑配件)
She bought some new fashion accessories to match her dress.(她买了些新的时尚配饰来搭配她的裙子。)
48
souvenir
/ˈsuːvənɪə(r)/
n.
纪念物;纪念品
N/A
buy souvenirs(买纪念品);souvenir shop(纪念品商店)
I bought a small statue as a souvenir during my trip to Beijing.(去北京旅行时,我买了一个小雕像当纪念品。)
49
percentage
/pəˈsentɪdʒ/
n.
百分率;百分比
percent(n. 百分之……,常写作%)
a percentage of(……的百分比);high/low percentage(高/低百分比);percentage increase/decrease(百分比增长/下降)
A large percentage of students in our class like playing basketball.(我们班大部分学生喜欢打篮球。)
50
climate
/ˈklaɪmət/
n.
气候
climatic(adj. 气候的)
climate change(气候变化);tropical climate(热带气候);mild climate(温和气候)
The climate in this area is warm and wet all year round.(这个地区的气候全年温暖湿润。)
51
mild
/maɪld/
adj.
温和的;和善的;轻微的
mildly(adv. 温和地;轻微地)
mild climate(温和气候);mild personality(温和的性格);mild illness(轻微的疾病)
She has a mild personality and gets along well with everyone.(她性格温和,和所有人都相处得很好。)
52
settle
/ˈsetl/
vt. & vi.
定居;结束(争论);解决(纠纷)
settlement(n. 定居点;解决);settler(n. 定居者;移民)
settle down(定居;安定下来);settle a dispute(解决纠纷);settle in(适应新环境)
They decided to settle down in the small town after retirement.(他们决定退休后在这个小镇定居。)
53
construction
/kənˈstrʌkʃn/
n.
建筑;建造;建造物;(句子、短语等的)结构
construct(v. 建造;构建);constructive(adj. 建设性的)
under construction(正在建设中);construction site(建筑工地);sentence construction(句子结构)
The new school is still under construction and will open next year.(新学校还在建设中,明年开学。)
54
material
/məˈtɪəriəl/
n. & adj.
材料;布料;素材;物质的;实际的
N/A
building materials(建筑材料);writing materials(写作素材);raw material(原材料)
The dress is made of high-quality cotton material.(这条裙子是用优质棉料做的。)
55
to name but a few
/tu neɪm bʊt ə fjuː/
phrase
仅举几例
N/A
用于列举时引出部分例子,表“还有很多”
He is good at many sports, such as basketball, football, to name but a few.(他擅长很多运动,比如篮球、足球,仅举几例。)
56
tai chi
/ˌtaɪ ˈtʃiː/
n.
太极拳(also t’ai chi)
N/A
practice tai chi(练太极拳)
Many elderly people practice tai chi in the park every morning.(许多老年人每天早上在公园练太极拳。)
57
clothing
/ˈkləʊðɪŋ/
n.(不可数)
衣服;服装
N/A(集合名词,泛指“衣物”,比clothes更正式)
articles of clothing(一件件衣服);winter clothing(冬装);protective clothing(防护服)
The store sells a wide range of children’s clothing.(这家商店售卖各种各样的儿童服装。)
58
herbal
/ˈhɜːbl/
adj.
药草的;香草的
herb(n. 药草;香草)
herbal tea(花草茶);herbal medicine(草药)
She likes drinking herbal tea before going to bed to relax.(她睡前喜欢喝花草茶放松。)
59
suit
/sjuːt; NAmE also suːt/
vt. & n.
适合;满足……需要;相配;合身;西服;套装
suitable(adj. 合适的;适宜的);suitably(adv. 合适地)
suit sb(适合某人);suit sth to sth(使某物适合某物);a business suit(商务套装)
This dress suits you very well—it matches your skin color.(这条裙子很适合你,和你的肤色很配。)
60
[at] first hand
/[æt] fɜːst hænd/
phrase
第一手;亲自
N/A
get information first hand(获取第一手信息);experience sth first hand(亲身经历某事)
He learned about the local culture first hand by living with a local family.(他通过和当地家庭同住,亲身了解了当地文化。)
61
item
/ˈaɪtəm/
n.
项目;一件商品(或物品);一条(新闻)
N/A
item on the list(清单上的项目);shopping item(购物商品);news item(新闻条目)
Please check each item on the list to make sure nothing is missing.(请核对清单上的每一项,确保没有遗漏。)
62
contain
/kənˈteɪn/
vt.
包含;含有;容纳
container(n. 容器;集装箱);containment(n. 控制;遏制)
contain sth(包含某物);contain oneself(克制自己);be contained in(包含在……中)
This bottle contains 500 milliliters of water.(这个瓶子装着500毫升水。)
63
neat
/niːt/
adj.
极好的;整洁的;整齐的
neatly(adv. 整洁地;整齐地);neatness(n. 整洁;整齐)
neat and tidy(整洁有序);a neat idea(好主意);neat work(工整的作品)
Her desk is always neat and tidy, with everything in order.(她的桌子总是整洁有序,所有东西都摆放整齐。)
64
San Francisco
/ˌsænfrənˈsɪskəʊ/
n.(地名)
圣弗朗西斯科(旧金山)(美国城市)
N/A
N/A
San Francisco is famous for its steep hills and the Golden Gate Bridge.(旧金山以其陡峭的山丘和金门大桥闻名。)
65
Napa Valley
/ˌnæpə ˈvæli/
n.(地名)
纳帕谷(美国,以葡萄酒闻名)
N/A
N/A
Napa Valley is one of the most famous wine-producing regions in the US.(纳帕谷是美国最著名的葡萄酒产区之一。)
66
the Golden Gate Bridge
/ðə ˈɡəʊldən ɡeɪt brɪdʒ/
n.(地名)
金门桥(旧金山标志性建筑)
N/A
N/A
Thousands of tourists visit the Golden Gate Bridge every year.(每年有数千游客参观金门桥。)
67
the Mission District
/ðə ˈmɪʃn ˈdɪstrɪkt/
n.(地名)
教会区(旧金山)
N/A
N/A
The Mission District in San Francisco is known for its colorful murals.(旧金山的教会区以其色彩鲜艳的壁画闻名。)
68
Mexico
/ˈmeksɪkəʊ/
n.(国名)
墨西哥(北美洲国家)
Mexican(adj. 墨西哥的;n. 墨西哥人;西班牙语)
N/A
Mexico is famous for its delicious food, such as tacos and enchiladas.(墨西哥以其美味的食物闻名,如墨西哥卷饼和 enchiladas。)
69
California
/ˌkælɪˈfɔːniə/
n.(地名)
加利福尼亚(美国州名)
Californian(adj. 加利福尼亚的;n. 加利福尼亚人)
N/A
California has a warm climate and many beautiful beaches.(加利福尼亚气候温暖,有许多美丽的海滩。)
70
Cantonese
/ˌkæntəˈniːz/
adj. & n.
广东的;粤语的;粤语;广东人
Canton(n. 广州的旧称)
Cantonese food(粤菜);Cantonese opera(粤剧)
My grandmother can speak both Mandarin and Cantonese.(我奶奶既会说普通话,也会说粤语。)
71
the Richmond District
/ðə ˈrɪtʃmənd ˈdɪstrɪkt/
n.(地名)
里士满区(旧金山)
N/A
N/A
The Richmond District in San Francisco has a large number of Asian restaurants.(旧金山的里士满区有很多亚洲餐厅。)
72
Huangguoshu Waterfall
/ˈhwɑːŋɡwɒʃu ˈwɔːtəfɔːl/
n.(地名)
黄果树瀑布(中国贵州著名景点)
N/A
N/A
Huangguoshu Waterfall is one of the largest waterfalls in China.(黄果树瀑布是中国最大的瀑布之一。)
73
Journey to the West
/ˈdʒɜːni tu ðə west/
n.(作品名)
《西游记》(中国古典名著)
N/A
N/A
Journey to the West is a classic Chinese novel about the Monkey King.(《西游记》是关于孙悟空的中国古典名著。)
74
Tin How Temple
/tɪn haʊ ˈtempl/
n.(地名)
天后古庙(旧金山华人寺庙)
N/A
N/A
Tin How Temple is one of the oldest Chinese temples in San Francisco.(天后古庙是旧金山最古老的华人寺庙之一。)
75
Bank of Canton
/bæŋk ɒv ˈkæntən/
n.(机构名)
广东银行
N/A
N/A
The Bank of Canton was one of the earliest Chinese banks in the US.(广东银行是美国最早的华人银行之一。)
76
Portsmouth Square
/ˈpɔːtsməθ skweə(r)/
n.(地名)
花园角广场(旧金山)
N/A
N/A
Portsmouth Square is a popular gathering place for locals in San Francisco.(花园角广场是旧金山当地人喜爱的聚会场所。)
77
Robert Louis Stevenson
/ˈrɒbət ˈluːi ˈstiːvənsən/
n.(人名)
罗伯特·路易斯·斯蒂文森(英国作家)
N/A
N/A
Robert Louis Stevenson wrote many famous novels, such as Treasure Island.(罗伯特·路易斯·斯蒂文森写了许多著名小说,如《金银岛》。)
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