Unit 1 People of Achievement Grammar非限制性定语从句练习-2025-2026学年高二英语人教版选择性必修第一册

Unit 1 People of Achievement 非限制性定语从句 一、单句语法填空 1.（2025年全国一卷）An exhibition at the Jiushi Art Museum in Shanghai is featuring artwork inspired by Go, or weiqi in Chinese, ____56____ originated in China more than 4,000 years ago. 答案：which。 解析：考查定语从句。句意：上海久事美术馆正在举办一场展览，展出的艺术品灵感来自围棋（中文称为“围棋”），它起源4000多年前的中国。本空引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词为Go, or weiqi in Chinese，指物，且关系词代替先行词在从句中作主语，所以用关系代词which引导。故填which。 2.（2025年北京卷）However, according to a report by the World Wildlife Fund, tourists left over 1.3 billion tons of food waste last year, ____19____ accounted for about 8% of the total global gas release in 2024. 答案：which。 解析：考查定语从句关系代词。句意：然而，根据世界野生动物基金会的一份报告，去年游客留下了超过13亿吨的食物垃圾，约占2024年全球气体排放总量的8%。此句为非限制性定语从句，先行词是“1.3 billion tons of food waste”，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，用which引导。故填which。 3.（2024·新高考II卷·语法填空）Chinese cultural elements commemorating (纪念) Tang Xianzu, ______ is known as “the Shakespeare of Asia,” add an international character to Stratford-upon-Avon, William Shakespeare’s hometown. 【答案】who 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：为了纪念被誉为“亚洲莎士比亚”的汤显祖，中国文化元素为莎士比亚的故乡——埃文河畔的斯特拉特福增添了国际化的色彩。这里为定语从句的关系词，先行词为“Tang Xianzu”，在非限制性定语从句中担当主语，表示人，用关系代词who引导。故填who。 4．While race walkers, do not leave the ground, create only about 14 times their body weight with each step. 【答案】who 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：竞走运动员在行走时，双脚不会同时离开地面，每一步产生的重量只有他们体重的14倍左右。空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词race walkers，指人，且定语从句缺少主语，所以应用关系代词who来引导。故填who。 5．The first (book), I take to reading every spring, is Ernest Hemingways’ A Moveable Feast. 【答案】which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：第一本是欧内斯特·海明威的《流动的盛宴》，我每年春天都会读这本书。空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词The first (book)，指物，关系词在从句中作动词“take”的宾语，用关系代词which引导从句。故填which。 6．My favorite season is autumn, the leaves turn golden and the weather is cool. 【答案】when 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我最喜欢的季节是秋天，那时树叶变成金黄色，天气凉爽。空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词autumn，关系词代替先行词在从句中作时间状语，应用关系副词when引导。故填when。 7．He gave me a pen, I still use to take notes in class. 【答案】which 【详解】考查非限制性定语从句关系词。句意：他给了我一支钢笔，我至今仍用它在课堂上做笔记。“______ I still use to take notes in class”为之前名词“a pen”的非限制性定语从句，先行词是a pen，指物，关系词替代先行词在从句中作动词“use”的宾语，用关系代词which引导从句。故填which。 8．We visited the museum, many rare artifacts are on display. 【答案】where 【详解】考查非限制性定语从句引导词。句意：我们参观了那个博物馆，那里陈列着许多珍贵的文物。“______ many rare artifacts are on display”为之前名词“the museum”的非限制性定语从句，先行词在从句中作地点状语，用关系副词where引导从句。故填where。 9．Shakespeare, works are still popular today, lived in the 16th century. 【答案】whose 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：莎士比亚生活在16世纪，其作品至今仍广受欢迎。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词Shakespeare，在从句作定语，故填whose。 10．Tom, we met at the party yesterday, is a talented musician. 【答案】whom 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：汤姆是我们昨天在聚会上遇到的一个人，他是一位很有才华的音乐家。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词Tom，在从句作宾语，指人，故用whom。故填whom。 11．The meeting, lasted three hours, ended at 5 o’clock in the afternoon. 【答案】which 【详解】考查非限制性定语从句。句意：这场持续了三个小时的会议在下午五点结束。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是The meeting，指物，且在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导。故填which。 12．She always comes late, annoys the teacher a lot. 【答案】which 【详解】考查非限制性定语从句。句意：她总是迟到，这让老师很恼火。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导非限制性定语从句，指代前面整个主句“She always comes late”的内容，且在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导该从句。故填which。 13．The famous scientist, research changed modern medicine, will give a speech at our school next week. 【答案】whose 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这位著名科学家，其研究改变了现代医学，下周将在我们学校发表演讲。空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词scientist，先行词指人，在定语从句中作定语，与research构成所属关系，应用关系代词whose引导。故填whose。 14．Albert Einstein, is perhaps the greatest scientist in modern physics, is often considered one of the smartest men who ever lived. 【答案】who 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦，他或许是现代物理学中最伟大的科学家，常被认为是有史以来最聪明的男人之一。________is perhaps the greatest scientist in modern physics是关系词引导的非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Albert Einstein(阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦)。先行词是人，所填关系词在该从句中作主语，只能用关系代词who。故填who。 15．I bought a cellphone last week, the price of was very reasonable. 【答案】which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：上周我买了一部手机，它的价格非常合理。此处为“介词+关系代词”结构非限制性定语从句修饰先行词cellphone，作介词的宾语，指物，故用关系代词which。故填which。 16．As planned, we will hold a talent show, everyone can show their outstanding performances. 【答案】where 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：按照计划，我们将举办一场才艺表演，在这场表演中每个人都能展示自己出色的表演。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是 a talent show，指抽象的地点，且关系词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词 where 引导。故填 where。 17．Last week witnessed the 20th Science and Technology Festival of our school, theme is “Science lights up the future”. 【答案】whose 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：上周，我们学校举办了第 20 届科技节，其主题是“科学点亮未来”。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是 the 20th Science and Technology Festival，与从句中的 theme 构成所属关系，即 “科技节的主题”，应用关系代词 whose 引导，在从句中作定语。故填 whose。 18．People from the UK are called “British”, means the UK is also often referred to as Britain or Great Britain. 【答案】which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：来自英国的人被称为“British”，这意味着英国也经常被称为Britain或Great Britain。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是前面的句子，在定语从句作主语，需用关系代词which引导。故填which。 19．The lecture today may offend some audience, to I offer my apologies in advance. 【答案】whom 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：今天的演讲可能会冒犯一些观众，我提前向他们道歉。apology to sb(向某人道歉)为固定短语，to为介词。分析句子结构可知，“to___ I offer my apologies in advance”为定语从句，修饰先行词some audience，故本空填关系代词whom代替先行词在定语从句中作介词to的宾语。故答案为whom。 20．Some of these are famous, but Singapore has one special way, you may not know about. 【答案】which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：其中一些是著名的，但新加坡有一种特殊的方式，你可能不知道。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词way在从句中作about的宾语，故填关系代词which。故填which。 21．Tom passed the driving test, made his parents very happy. 【答案】which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：汤姆通过了驾驶考试，这使他的父母非常高兴。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是前句提到的事，在从句中作主语，用which引导。故填which。 22． you can see, I have a degree in finance, and I also have three years of work experience. 【答案】As 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：正如你所看到的，我有金融学位，也有三年的工作经验。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，引导词在从句中作宾语，指代后文的事实，意为“正如”用as。同时该空置于句首，开头单词首字母大写。故填As。 23．The sun gives us heat and light, without we can’t live. 【答案】which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：太阳给我们热和光，没有它们我们就不能生存。空格处引导定语从句，先行词heat and light在非限定性定语从句中作介词without的宾语，用关系代词which引导。故填which。 24．Mr. Smith, you spoke to, is our new professor. 【答案】who/whom 【详解】考查定语从句连接词。句意：和你谈话的史密斯先生是我们的新教授。该空需要一个关系词引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Mr. Smith，并指代先行词在从句中作宾语，先行词为人，应填who或whom。故填who/whom。 25．I bought a great many books, I spent all my money on. 【答案】which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我买了很多书，花光了所有的钱。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词a great many books，在从句作宾语，指物，故填which。 26．My mother is grateful to the surgeon, without help she would have died from her heart attack. 【答案】whose 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我母亲对那位外科医生心存感激，没有他的帮助，她可能已经死于心脏病发作。分析句子结构可知，此处应为关系词引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词the surgeon与空后的help之间为所属关系，所以此处应使用关系代词whose。故填whose。 27．Professor Wang has a son, works in Beijing. 【答案】who 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：王教授有一个儿子，在北京工作。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词son，在从句作主语，指人，故填who。 28．She also admitted that a relatively small number of women were studied, all of were from Sweden, so the results might not be applicable to other groups. 【答案】whom 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：她还承认，对相对较少的女性进行了研究，她们都来自瑞典，因此研究结果可能不适用于其他群体。空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词women，指代人，且空处在定语从句中作介词of的宾语，故填whom。 29．Many people, the number of we don’t know, lost their homes in the disaster. 【答案】whom 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：许多人在这场灾难中失去了家园，具体人数我们不得而知。根据句意和空格前的 the number of分析句子可知，此处是“名词+of+关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词是people，指人，关系词在从句中作宾语，故用关系代词whom。故填whom。 30．I made friends with Tom during his stay in Beijing, he was studying Chinese in a university there. 【答案】when 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：当汤姆在北京的一所大学学习中文时，我和他成为了朋友。此处是非限定性定语从句，先行词为 his stay，指物，关系词在从句中作时间状语，应用关系副词when引导。故填when。 二、完成句子 31．The book, , is very interesting. 这本书很有意思，这是我妈妈昨天为我买的。 【答案】which my mother bought for me yesterday 【详解】考查定语从句。表示“这是我妈妈昨天为我买的”用非限制性定语从句，定语从句中：表示“我妈妈”用my mother作主语；表示“为……买”用buy for，从句描述过去发生的事情，时态用一般过去时，谓语用过去式；表示“我”用me，作宾语；表示“昨天”用yesterday，作时间状语；从句修饰先行词the book，且关系词代替先行词在从句中作宾语，所以用关系代词which引导该定语从句。故填which my mother bought for me yesterday。 32．I ran into/across an old friend of mine in the street, . 我在街上碰见了我的一个老朋友，我已经好多年没见他了。 【答案】whom I haven’t met for years 【详解】考查非限制性定语从句。根据汉语句子可知，设空处对应“我已经好多年没见他了”，用非限制性定语从句表达，先行词为“an old friend of mine(一个老朋友)”，在从句中作动词“看见”的宾语，因此用whom引导词从句；从句主语“我”用“I”表达，“没见”作谓语动词，结合语境，这里用现在完成时表达，即“haven’t met”；“好多年”用短语“for years”表达。故答案为：whom I haven’t met for years。 33． , friends are the family we choose for ourselves. 众所周知，朋友就是我们为自己选择的家人。 【答案】As we all know 【详解】考查固定表达（或非限制性定语从句）及时态。根据中英文句子可知，空处缺少“众所周知”的英文表达，应用固定句型“as we all know”，时态与主句保持一致，用一般现在时，且位于句首，首字母需大写，其中“As”引导非限制性定语从句，指代逗号后的整个主句“friends are the family we choose for ourselves”的内容，“we all know”为从句的主谓结构。故填As we all know。 34．Later, he worked in Africa, . 后来，他在非洲工作，在那里许多人因缺乏适当的治疗而失明。 【答案】where many people suffered from blindness for lack of proper treatment 【详解】考查定语从句和固定短语。根据句意，“在那里许多人因缺乏适当的治疗而失明”为非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词“Africa”，关系词替代先行词在从句中作状语，所以使用关系副词where引导；“许多人”译为many people作从句主语；“因缺乏适当的治疗而失明”中，“失明”用suffer from blindness表示，结合主句谓语动词worked可知，此处描述过去的情况，用一般过去时，“因缺乏”用固定短语for lack of，“适当的治疗”译为proper treatment作宾语。故填where many people suffered from blindness for lack of proper treatment。 35．我们每周有两次体育活动，每次持续大约一个半小时。 We have physical activities twice a week, . 【答案】each of which lasts for about one hour and a half 【详解】考查定语从句。所填部分“每次持续大约一个半小时”处理为非限制性定语从句，先行词是activities，表达“……中的每个”用each of...，代替先行词作介词of的宾语，应用关系代词which，each of which作从句的主语，从句谓语“持续”表达为last，陈述客观事实，用一般现在时，主语为单数概念，谓语动词用单数形式，“（延续）大约一个半小时”表达为for about one hour and a half。故填each of which lasts for about one hour and a half。 36．最后，我的假期将以福建家庭游结束，那里的风景是一场视觉盛宴。（whose引导定语从句） Finally, my holiday will end up with a family tour around Fujian Province, . 【答案】whose scenery is a feast for eyes 【详解】考查定语从句。根据句意，此处表示“那里的风景是一场视觉盛宴”需用定语从句修饰先行词“Fujian Province”，表示“风景”为scenery，与先行词之间为所属关系，所以此处使用whose引导非限制性定语从句，表示“是”为be动词，作从句的谓语，根据句意，此处描述的是客观事实，使用一般现在时，主语为第三人称单数，所以be动词为is，表示“一场视觉盛宴”译为a feast for eyes作表语。故填whose scenery is a feast for eyes。 37．能和你们一起练习三年, 我感到很幸运, 这真的给了我生命中最美好的一些时刻。（which引导定语从句） I feel very fortunate to have spent three years practising with you, . 【答案】which has truly given me some of the best moments of my life 【详解】考查定语从句和时态。根据中英文提示及题目要求可知，此处需用“which”引导非限制性定语从句，修饰前面整个句子，表示“这真的给了我生命中最美好的一些时刻”；定语从句中，表示“真的给了”用truly give，因描述的是对现在的影响，应用现在完成时，从句主语which视为单数，助动词应用has，即has truly given；表示“我”用me，作间接宾语；表示“生命中最美好的一些时刻”用some of the best moments of my life，作直接宾语。故填which has truly given me some of the best moments of my life。 38．你打破了窗户，你应该对此负责。（介词+关系代词） You broke the window, . 【答案】for which you should be responsible 【详解】考查定语从句。“你应该对此负责”在句中作非限制性定语从句，修饰前面的句子，从句主语you，“应该”should，“对……负责”译为be responsible for，情态动词should后接动词原形形式，“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句中，关系词在从句中作宾语，指代前面整个句子，关系代词使用which，由固定短语be responsible for可知，which前的介词用for，故填for which you should be responsible。 39．We will have an English drama competition. The aim of it is to enrich our extracurricular activities. →We will have an English drama competition .（用 whose引导的定语从句改写） →We will have an English drama competition, .（用which引导的定语从句改写） 【答案】 whose aim is to enrich our extracurricular activities the aim of which is to enrich our extracurricular activities 【详解】第①空 考查定语从句中关系代词whose的用法。句意：人们将举办一场英语戏剧比赛，其目的是丰富我们的课外活动。根据括号提示可知，需要把原句改写成whose引导的定语从句；在定语从句中，whose表示所属关系，相当于先行词的所有格，在此处用来指代competition的所有格形式。故答案是whose aim is to enrich our extracurricular activities。 第②空 考查定语从句中关系代词which的用法。句意：人们将举办一场英语戏剧比赛，其目的是丰富我们的课外活动。根据括号提示可知，需要把原句改写成which引导的定语从句；在定语从句中，which指代前面整个主句或主句中的某个名词，在此处用来指代先行词competition，和前面的介词短语共同引导非限制性定语从句。故答案是the aim of which is to enrich our extracurricular activities。 40．We cleaned the park on weekends. We had great fun during this time. (用“介词+非限制性定语从句”句式改写句子) 【答案】We cleaned the park on weekends, during which we had great fun. 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我们在周末清扫公园。在这段时间里我们玩得非常开心。将这两句话整合成含有定语从句的复合句，可以把“We cleaned the park on weekends.”作主句，weekends作先行词，将“We had great fun during this time.”改写为介词+非限制性定语从句。由于weekends是事物名词，“during this time”要保留介词during，删除this time，而且关系代词只能用which，其余不变。故填We cleaned the park on weekends, during which we had great fun. 三、语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Tu Youyou, as a famous female scientist of great 41 (achieve), was born 42 Ningbo, Zhejiang Province on 30 December 1930．And she 43 (graduate) from Peking University Medical School in 1955. In 1967, she was chosen into a research team 44 was formed by the government in order to discover a new treatment for malaria (疟疾). Tu Youyou first tried the medicine on herself, because she wanted 45 (make) sure that it was safe. Besides, she and her teammates examined over 2,000 old medical 46 (text), evaluated 280,000 plants for their medical properties (性质), and tested 380 distinct ancient Chinese medical treatments. As a committed and 47 (patience) scientist, she never acknowledged (承认) defeat whatever difficulty she met. After 48 (fail) to draw out useful extract by boiling the sweet wormwood, she began even more careful thinking and research work. We can learn a lot from Tu Youyou — We should do something useful for people. If we want to be 49 (success), we should keep on 50 (work) hard with our group and never give up. 【答案】 41．achievements 42．in 43．graduated 44．which/that 45．to make 46．texts 47．patient 48．failing 49．successful 50．working 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了著名女科学家屠呦呦的生平和成就，以及她对研究抗疟疾药物的执着和贡献。 41．考查名词。句意：成就卓越的著名女科学家屠呦呦，1930年12月30日出生于浙江省宁波市。空格处需填名词作介词of的宾语。achievement是可数名词，可数名词复数表泛指多种成就。故填achievements。 42．考查介词。句意：成就卓越的著名女科学家屠呦呦，1930年12月30日出生于浙江省宁波市。在相对较大的地理区域或城市前，使用介词in表示地理位置。故填in。 43．考查动词时态。句意：她于1955年毕业于北京大学医学院。根据句末时间状语in 1955可知，此处应用过去时。故填graduated。 44．考查定语从句。句意：1967年，她被选入一个由政府组建的研究团队，以寻找一种新的疟疾治疗方法。空格处到句末为定语从句，该句中缺少关系代词。先行词是team，指物。故填which/that。 45．考查非谓语动词。句意：屠呦呦首先在自己身上试验药物，因为她想要确保药物的安全性。because到句末的原因状语从句中，谓语为wanted，空格处需用不定式作宾语，表示要去完成的动作。故填to make。 46．考查名词。句意：此外，她和团队查阅了2000多本过去的医学文献，评估了280,000种植物的药用性质，测试了380种不同的古代中医治疗方法。text为可数名词，且前有数字2000，因此应用复数形式。故填texts。 47．考查形容词。句意：她是一名执着而耐心的科学家，无论遇到什么困难，她从不承认失败。空格处的词与前面的committed并列，是形容词作定语修饰后面的名词scientist。故填patient。 48．考查非谓语动词。句意：在通过煮沸黄花蒿未能提取出有效成分后，她开始了更加细致的思考和研究工作。空格处需要动名词作句首介词after的宾语。故填failing。 49．考查形容词。句意：如果我们想要成功，就应继续与团队一起努力工作，永不放弃。空格前为系动词be，此处需要一个形容词作表语。故填successful。 50．考查非谓语动词。句意：如果我们想要成功，就应继续与团队一起努力工作，永不放弃。空格处需要动名词作前面介词on的宾语。故填working。 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Albert Einstein is perhaps the greatest scientist in modern physics, 51 made numerous contributions to the world. At 16, he tried to enter university in Switzerland, but failed due to his low scores in the general part of the entrance exam. After studying for another year, he managed 52 (pass) the exam, entering university in1896 and graduating in 1900. Later, Einstein took 53 job as a clerk in the Swiss patent office. While working there, out of a strong passion 54 knowledge, he continued to study, 55 (earn) a doctorate in physics in1905. That same year, his four extraordinary physics papers 56 (publish ). Following this, he gradually became famous throughout the world as the new Isaac Newton. In 1922, he was awarded the 1921 Nobel Prize for Physics for his 57 (explain) of the photoelectric effect. When Hitler came to power in Germany, Einstein found the doors of 58 (academy) institutions closed to him. 59 (consequent), he had to flee Germany. After spending time in Europe, he finally took up a position as a researcher at the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton, USA．On 18 April 1955, 60 was reported that Einstein had passed away, and the whole world mourned the great loss of a brilliant scientist. 【答案】 51．who 52．to pass 53．a 54．for 55．earning 56．were published 57．explanation 58．academic 59．Consequently 60．it 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了科学家阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦的个人经历以及成就。 51．考查定语从句。句意：阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦也许是现代物理学中最伟大的科学家，他为世界做出了许多贡献。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词Albert Einstein，在从句作主语，指人，故填who。 52．考查非谓语动词。句意：又学习了一年之后，他设法通过了考试，1896年进入大学，1900年毕业。短语manage to do sth.表示“设法做成某事”。故填to pass。 53．考查冠词。句意：后来，爱因斯坦在瑞士专利局找到了一份办事员的工作。短语take a job as表示“接受某个职位”。故填a。 54．考查介词。句意：在那里工作期间，出于对知识的强烈热情，他继续学习，并于1905年获得物理学博士学位。短语a strong passion for表示“对……强烈热情”。故填for。 55．考查非谓语动词。句意：在那里工作期间，出于对知识的强烈热情，他继续学习，并于1905年获得物理学博士学位。此处earn与he构成主动关系，用现在分词作状语。故填earning。 56．考查时态语态。句意：同年，他发表了四篇非凡的物理学论文。主语his four extraordinary physics papers与谓语构成被动关系，且发生在过去，故用一般过去时的被动语态，谓语用复数。故填were published。 57．考查名词。句意：1922年，他因对光电效应的解释而被授予1921年诺贝尔物理学奖。作介词的宾语，应用名词explanation，故填explanation。 58．考查形容词。句意：当希特勒在德国掌权时，爱因斯坦发现学术机构对他关上了大门。修饰名词institutions应用形容词academic，作定语。故填academic。 59．考查副词。句意：因此，他不得不逃离德国。修饰后文句子应用副词consequently，首字母大写。故填Consequently。 60．考查固定句型。句意：1955年4月18日，据报道，爱因斯坦去世了，全世界都在哀悼这位杰出科学家的巨大损失。表示“据报道”句型为it be reported that…，it是形式主语，that引导主语从句是真正的主语，故填it。 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit 1 People of Achievement 非限制性定语从句 一、单句语法填空 1.（2025年全国一卷）An exhibition at the Jiushi Art Museum in Shanghai is featuring artwork inspired by Go, or weiqi in Chinese, ____56____ originated in China more than 4,000 years ago. 答案：which。 解析：考查定语从句。句意：上海久事美术馆正在举办一场展览，展出的艺术品灵感来自围棋（中文称为“围棋”），它起源4000多年前的中国。本空引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词为Go, or weiqi in Chinese，指物，且关系词代替先行词在从句中作主语，所以用关系代词which引导。故填which。 2.（2025年北京卷）However, according to a report by the World Wildlife Fund, tourists left over 1.3 billion tons of food waste last year, ____19____ accounted for about 8% of the total global gas release in 2024. 答案：which。 解析：考查定语从句关系代词。句意：然而，根据世界野生动物基金会的一份报告，去年游客留下了超过13亿吨的食物垃圾，约占2024年全球气体排放总量的8%。此句为非限制性定语从句，先行词是“1.3 billion tons of food waste”，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，用which引导。故填which。 3.（2024·新高考II卷·语法填空）Chinese cultural elements commemorating (纪念) Tang Xianzu, ______ is known as “the Shakespeare of Asia,” add an international character to Stratford-upon-Avon, William Shakespeare’s hometown. 【答案】who 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：为了纪念被誉为“亚洲莎士比亚”的汤显祖，中国文化元素为莎士比亚的故乡——埃文河畔的斯特拉特福增添了国际化的色彩。这里为定语从句的关系词，先行词为“Tang Xianzu”，在非限制性定语从句中担当主语，表示人，用关系代词who引导。故填who。 4．While race walkers, do not leave the ground, create only about 14 times their body weight with each step. 5．The first (book), I take to reading every spring, is Ernest Hemingways’ A Moveable Feast. 6．My favorite season is autumn, the leaves turn golden and the weather is cool. 7．He gave me a pen, I still use to take notes in class. 8．We visited the museum, many rare artifacts are on display. 9．Shakespeare, works are still popular today, lived in the 16th century. 10．Tom, we met at the party yesterday, is a talented musician. 11．The meeting, lasted three hours, ended at 5 o’clock in the afternoon. 12．She always comes late, annoys the teacher a lot. 13．The famous scientist, research changed modern medicine, will give a speech at our school next week. 14．Albert Einstein, is perhaps the greatest scientist in modern physics, is often considered one of the smartest men who ever lived. 15．I bought a cellphone last week, the price of was very reasonable. 16．As planned, we will hold a talent show, everyone can show their outstanding performances. 17．Last week witnessed the 20th Science and Technology Festival of our school, theme is “Science lights up the future”. 18．People from the UK are called “British”, means the UK is also often referred to as Britain or Great Britain. 19．The lecture today may offend some audience, to I offer my apologies in advance. 20．Some of these are famous, but Singapore has one special way, you may not know about. 21．Tom passed the driving test, made his parents very happy. 22． you can see, I have a degree in finance, and I also have three years of work experience. 23．The sun gives us heat and light, without we can’t live. 24．Mr. Smith, you spoke to, is our new professor. 25．I bought a great many books, I spent all my money on. 26．My mother is grateful to the surgeon, without help she would have died from her heart attack. 27．Professor Wang has a son, works in Beijing. 28．She also admitted that a relatively small number of women were studied, all of were from Sweden, so the results might not be applicable to other groups. 29．Many people, the number of we don’t know, lost their homes in the disaster. 30．I made friends with Tom during his stay in Beijing, he was studying Chinese in a university there. 二、完成句子 31．The book, , is very interesting. 这本书很有意思，这是我妈妈昨天为我买的。 32．I ran into/across an old friend of mine in the street, . 我在街上碰见了我的一个老朋友，我已经好多年没见他了。 33． , friends are the family we choose for ourselves. 众所周知，朋友就是我们为自己选择的家人。 34．Later, he worked in Africa, . 后来，他在非洲工作，在那里许多人因缺乏适当的治疗而失明。 35．我们每周有两次体育活动，每次持续大约一个半小时。 We have physical activities twice a week, . 36．最后，我的假期将以福建家庭游结束，那里的风景是一场视觉盛宴。（whose引导定语从句） Finally, my holiday will end up with a family tour around Fujian Province, . 37．能和你们一起练习三年, 我感到很幸运, 这真的给了我生命中最美好的一些时刻。（which引导定语从句） I feel very fortunate to have spent three years practising with you, . 38．你打破了窗户，你应该对此负责。（介词+关系代词） You broke the window, . 39．We will have an English drama competition. The aim of it is to enrich our extracurricular activities. →We will have an English drama competition .（用 whose引导的定语从句改写） →We will have an English drama competition, .（用which引导的定语从句改写） 40．We cleaned the park on weekends. We had great fun during this time. (用“介词+非限制性定语从句”句式改写句子) 三、语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Tu Youyou, as a famous female scientist of great 41 (achieve), was born 42 Ningbo, Zhejiang Province on 30 December 1930．And she 43 (graduate) from Peking University Medical School in 1955. In 1967, she was chosen into a research team 44 was formed by the government in order to discover a new treatment for malaria (疟疾). Tu Youyou first tried the medicine on herself, because she wanted 45 (make) sure that it was safe. Besides, she and her teammates examined over 2,000 old medical 46 (text), evaluated 280,000 plants for their medical properties (性质), and tested 380 distinct ancient Chinese medical treatments. As a committed and 47 (patience) scientist, she never acknowledged (承认) defeat whatever difficulty she met. After 48 (fail) to draw out useful extract by boiling the sweet wormwood, she began even more careful thinking and research work. We can learn a lot from Tu Youyou — We should do something useful for people. If we want to be 49 (success), we should keep on 50 (work) hard with our group and never give up. 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Albert Einstein is perhaps the greatest scientist in modern physics, 51 made numerous contributions to the world. At 16, he tried to enter university in Switzerland, but failed due to his low scores in the general part of the entrance exam. After studying for another year, he managed 52 (pass) the exam, entering university in1896 and graduating in 1900. Later, Einstein took 53 job as a clerk in the Swiss patent office. While working there, out of a strong passion 54 knowledge, he continued to study, 55 (earn) a doctorate in physics in1905. That same year, his four extraordinary physics papers 56 (publish ). Following this, he gradually became famous throughout the world as the new Isaac Newton. In 1922, he was awarded the 1921 Nobel Prize for Physics for his 57 (explain) of the photoelectric effect. When Hitler came to power in Germany, Einstein found the doors of 58 (academy) institutions closed to him. 59 (consequent), he had to flee Germany. After spending time in Europe, he finally took up a position as a researcher at the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton, USA．On 18 April 1955, 60 was reported that Einstein had passed away, and the whole world mourned the great loss of a brilliant scientist. 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$